pp 979-991. breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body in one long...
TRANSCRIPT
PP 979-991
Breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body in one long tube from mouth to anus
6 classes of nutrients:1. carbohydrates2. fats3. proteins
6 classes of nutrients:1. carbohydrates2. fats3. proteins4. minerals: help balance osmosis and
the function of certain cells (i.e muscle and nerve cell)
6 classes of nutrients:1. carbohydrates2. fats3. proteins4. minerals: help balance osmosis and
the function of certain cells (i.e muscle and nerve cell)
5. vitamins: aid enzyme activity6. water: most chemical reactions can
only occur in water (accounts for half of your body weight)
Mechanical: physical breakdown of food Chewing, peristalsis
(moving bolus down the esophagus), and stomach churning
Chemical Digestion: Enzymes breaking down food into simpler forms (monomers)
Amylase (enzyme) is released from glands into saliva Breaks down carbs to
monosaccharides
Amylase (enzyme) is released from glands into saliva Breaks down carbs to
monosaccharides
Bolus (food ball) travels down esophagus to stomach
Muscle contractions break bolus apart (mechanical digestion)
Muscle contractions break bolus apart (mechanical digestion)
Pepsin (enzyme) breaks down proteins into amino acids Released by gastric glands
Muscle contractions break bolus apart (mechanical digestion)
Pepsin (enzyme) breaks down proteins into amino acids Released by gastric glands
HCl keeps stomach acidic so the pepsin can work
Secretes sodium bicarbonate (base) into small intestine to neutralize acid.
Produces bile and stores it in the gall bladder
Stores bile and secretes it into the small intestine Breaks down fats into fatty acids
Chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
Chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
Villi: Folds in lining of small intestines Increases surface
area for maximum absorption.
Absorption of water, minerals, and vitamins
Salivary glands
StomachLiver
PancreasGall bladder
Small intestine Large intestine/colon
Esophagus