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Related Services-Related Services-OverviewOverview

Related ServicesRelated Services

Put simply, related services are any Put simply, related services are any services that are necessary to help a services that are necessary to help a student benefit from his special education student benefit from his special education program. To benefit from special program. To benefit from special education has generally been interpreted education has generally been interpreted to mean making meaningful progress to mean making meaningful progress toward meeting IEP goals and objectives. toward meeting IEP goals and objectives.


Who is eligible for related services?Who is eligible for related services?

Under IDEA '97, a student must need Under IDEA '97, a student must need special education to be considered eligible special education to be considered eligible for related services for related services

A child must have a full and individual A child must have a full and individual evaluation to determine: evaluation to determine:


if he or she has a disability as defined if he or she has a disability as defined under IDEA 2004, and under IDEA 2004, and

if, because of that disability, he or she if, because of that disability, he or she needs special education and related needs special education and related services. services.


Art therapy, Dance/movement therapy Art therapy, Dance/movement therapy and Music therapyand Music therapy

provide services in which music, provide services in which music, movement, or art is used in a therapeutic movement, or art is used in a therapeutic process to further the child's emotional, process to further the child's emotional, physical, cognitive, and/or academic physical, cognitive, and/or academic development or integration into the development or integration into the mainstream mainstream

Related ServicesRelated ServicesPsychological servicesPsychological services focus on the needs, focus on the needs, interests, and issues related to various stages of interests, and issues related to various stages of student growth. student growth. School psychologists may help students with School psychologists may help students with personal and social concerns such as personal and social concerns such as developing self-knowledge, making effective developing self-knowledge, making effective decisions, learning health choices, and decisions, learning health choices, and improving responsibility. improving responsibility. Related services in this area may also include Related services in this area may also include individual and group in-school counselingindividual and group in-school counseling


Occupational therapyOccupational therapy (OT) services can (OT) services can enhance a student's ability to function in enhance a student's ability to function in an educational program. These services an educational program. These services are "provided by a qualified occupational are "provided by a qualified occupational therapist"therapist"


Occupational therapy services in schools may Occupational therapy services in schools may include such services as:include such services as:

self-help skills or adaptive living (e.g., eating, self-help skills or adaptive living (e.g., eating, dressing); dressing);

functional mobility (e.g., moving safely through functional mobility (e.g., moving safely through school); school);

positioning (e.g., sitting appropriately in class); positioning (e.g., sitting appropriately in class);

sensory-motor processing (e.g., using the sensory-motor processing (e.g., using the senses and muscles); senses and muscles);


fine motor (e.g., writing, cutting) and gross fine motor (e.g., writing, cutting) and gross motor performance (e.g., walking, athletic motor performance (e.g., walking, athletic skills); skills);

life skills training/vocational skills; and life skills training/vocational skills; and

social skills trainingsocial skills training


Orientation and Mobility ServicesOrientation and Mobility Services

OrientationOrientation involves knowing where you involves knowing where you are, where you are going, and how to get are, where you are going, and how to get to a destination by interpretingto a destination by interpreting

information in the environmentinformation in the environment

mobilitymobility involves moving safely through involves moving safely through the environment. the environment.


O&M servicesO&M services are defined as are defined as "services provided to blind or "services provided to blind or visually impaired students by visually impaired students by qualified personnel to enable qualified personnel to enable those students safe movement those students safe movement within their environments in within their environments in school, home, and community"school, home, and community"


Parent Counseling and TrainingParent Counseling and Training

Parent counseling and trainingParent counseling and training is an is an important related service that can help important related service that can help parents enhance the vital role they play in parents enhance the vital role they play in the lives of their children. the lives of their children.


Assisting parents in understanding the Assisting parents in understanding the special needs of their childspecial needs of their child

Providing parents with information about Providing parents with information about child development; and child development; and

Helping parents to acquire the necessary Helping parents to acquire the necessary skills that will allow them to support the skills that will allow them to support the implementation of their child's IEP or implementation of their child's IEP or IFSP" [Individualized Family Service Plan IFSP" [Individualized Family Service Plan


Physical therapyPhysical therapy means means "services provided by a "services provided by a qualified physical therapist that qualified physical therapist that address a child's posture, address a child's posture, muscle strength, mobility, and muscle strength, mobility, and organization of movement in organization of movement in educational environments. educational environments.


Recreation servicesRecreation services generally are intended to generally are intended to help students with help students with disabilities learn how to use disabilities learn how to use their leisure and recreation their leisure and recreation time constructively. time constructively.


Rehabilitation counseling services are Rehabilitation counseling services are "services provided by qualified personnel "services provided by qualified personnel in individual or group sessions that focus in individual or group sessions that focus specifically on:specifically on:career developmentcareer developmentemployment preparationemployment preparationachieving independence, and achieving independence, and integration in the workplace and integration in the workplace and communitycommunity


School health servicesSchool health services under the under the IDEA 2004 final regulations means IDEA 2004 final regulations means "services provided by a qualified "services provided by a qualified school nurse or other qualified school nurse or other qualified person. person.


Possible school health services include:Possible school health services include:

special feedings;special feedings;

clean intermittent catheterization;clean intermittent catheterization;

suctioning;suctioning;

the management of a tracheostomy;the management of a tracheostomy;

administering and/or dispensing administering and/or dispensing medications;medications;


planning for the safety of a student in planning for the safety of a student in school;school;

ensuring that care is given while at school ensuring that care is given while at school and at school functions to prevent injury and at school functions to prevent injury (e.g., changing a student's position (e.g., changing a student's position frequently to prevent pressure sores);frequently to prevent pressure sores);

chronic disease management chronic disease management


Recreational activities generally may fall into one Recreational activities generally may fall into one or more of the following classifications: or more of the following classifications:

(1) physical, cultural, or social; (1) physical, cultural, or social;

(2) indoor or outdoor; (2) indoor or outdoor;

(3) spectator or participant; (3) spectator or participant;

(4) formal or informal; (4) formal or informal;

(5) independent, cooperative, or competitive; or (5) independent, cooperative, or competitive; or

(6) sports, games, hobbies, or toy play (6) sports, games, hobbies, or toy play


Speech-language pathology servicesSpeech-language pathology services are are provided by speech-language provided by speech-language professionals and speech-language professionals and speech-language assistants and these services include:assistants and these services include:

"identification of children with speech or "identification of children with speech or language impairments; language impairments;

diagnosis and appraisal of specific speech diagnosis and appraisal of specific speech or language impairments; or language impairments;


referral for medical or other professional referral for medical or other professional attention attention

provision of speech and language services provision of speech and language services for the prevention of or improve the for the prevention of or improve the communicative impairmentscommunicative impairments


TransportationTransportation as a related service is as a related service is included in an eligible student's IEP if the included in an eligible student's IEP if the IEP team determines that such a service is IEP team determines that such a service is needed. Transportation includes:needed. Transportation includes:


travel to and from school and between travel to and from school and between schools; schools;

travel in and around school buildings; and travel in and around school buildings; and

specialized equipment (such as special or specialized equipment (such as special or adapted buses, lifts, and ramps), if adapted buses, lifts, and ramps), if required to provide special transportation required to provide special transportation for a child with a disability for a child with a disability


Assistive technology (AT) refers to various Assistive technology (AT) refers to various types of devices and services designed to types of devices and services designed to help students with disabilities function help students with disabilities function within their environments. within their environments.

Many areas are covered under the Many areas are covered under the umbrella of assistive technology, including:umbrella of assistive technology, including:


ComputersComputers

adaptive toys and gamesadaptive toys and games

devices to improve positioning and devices to improve positioning and mobilitymobility

devices designed to help individuals with devices designed to help individuals with disabilities communicate (called disabilities communicate (called augmentative communication devices)augmentative communication devices)

electronic aids to daily living electronic aids to daily living

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