POV: Point of View

According to Kaplan (22): "Ask these questions in order to earn the core point for POV:

1. Does the occupation of the author give the document more reliability? (why?) (LAST RESORT)

2. Does the class, religion, national background or gender of the author influence what the author says? (why?)

3. Does the type of document influence the content of what is said? (why?)

4. Does the timing of the document influence the message? (why?)

5. Does the intended audience influence the message of a source? (why?)

6. Describing the tone of the document can also count for POV. The issue can be more subtle and is best used with other descriptions of POV."

OR:Why does THIS person say what they have to say AT THIS TIME and PLACE?

As a Greek historian, Herodotus would naturally………….because…..Writing in 450 BCE, Herodotus would naturally…………. because…..As a traveler to Babylon, Herodotus would naturally…………. because….

Unit I and Unit II (C 6, 7)

A = Sumeria J = South America S = Mediterranean SeaB = Bantu Homeland K = Mesoamerica T = Bay of BengalC = Indus River Valley L = Shang/ Zhou Dynasty U = IranD = Nile River Valley M = Indo-European Homeland V = Persian EmpireE = Andes Mountains N = Atlantic Ocean W = AnatoliaF = Huang He River O = Pacific Ocean X = GreeceG = Mexico P = Indian Ocean Y = Taklamakan DesertH = Guatemala Q = Himalaya Mountains Z = Amazon River BasinI = Peru R = Sahara Desert

POV: Point of View

According to Kaplan (22): "Ask these questions in order to earn the core point for POV:

1. Does the occupation of the author give the document more reliability? (why?)

2. Does the class, religion, national background or gender of the author influence what the author says? (why?)

3. Does the type of document influence the content of what is said? (why?)

4. Does the timing of the document influence the message? (why?)

5. Does the intended audience influence the message of a source? (why?)

6. Describing the tone of the document can also count for POV. The issue can be more subtle and is best used with other descriptions of POV."

OR:

Why does THIS person say what they have to say AT THIS TIME and PLACE?

Comparative Thesis template:

While A and B are similar in terms of _____________________, they differ with regard to _____________ and ____________.

These (similarities or differences) can be attributed to ____________________________________________________________________________________________________.

TUESDAY 10/6: DUE

C 8 Vocab/Annotated Outline/ Study Questions

THURSDAY 10/8:

In class Comparative Essay (75 points)

READ over your Comparative Essay handout: come prepared MONDAY with any questions about format, etc.

Prompt:Political Organization/System/Control of Persia

under Darius (Achaemenid Empire) VS.

Political Organization/ System/Control of China under Qin Shihuangdi (Qin Dynasty)

Unit II: 600 BCE – 600 CE

Periodization?

Chapter 7: The Empires of Persia

Darius (r. 521-486 BCE)

Cyrus (r. 558-530 BCE)

Alexander the Great (r. 334 – 323 BCE)

Four Major Dynasties:

Achaemenids (558-330 BCE)Seleucids (323-283 BCE)

Parthians (247BCE-224 CE)Sassanids (224-651CE)

The Achaemenid (558-330 BCE) and Seleucid Empires (323-283 BCE)

Who occupied this area before the Persians?What challenges do the Persians have in creating their empire?What were the keys to their success?

Under Darius I: 35 million people!/ 3000 miles

How does Darius portray himself NOT as a conqueror but as a legitimate ruler of this land?

The spirit of Achemaenid rule from which Cyrus the Great founded the Persian Empire (from approximately 559 B.C.) is best conveyed through the words of Darius :

“... I will not tolerate that the weak shall suffer injustices brought upon them by the mighty. What is just pleases me. ... You, my subjects , must not assume what the powerful undertake as sublime. What the common man achieves is much more extraordinary.”

“Neither snow nor rain nor heat nor gloom of night stays thesecouriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds”

Imperial Bureaucrats: Educated

What’s their job?Problems with this new class?

Centralized Administration

What’s the evidence for this?

ZarathustraAhura MazdaAngra Mainyu

Zorastrianism - rituals, good vs. evil, Zarathustra, Ahura Mazda versus Angra Mainyu judgment day where your "good words, good thoughts, good deeds" are assessed. material world = OK(later influenced Christianity, Judaism, Islam): 1. omnipotent beneficent deity 2. good will prevail over evil 3. humans must strive for highest moral standards 4. humans will undergo judgment day

Many of the same gods as the AryansCelebrates same virtues: strength, military success, comfortable life

= HUGE AGRICULTURAL SURPLUS

What other problems led to the collapse of the Persian Empire?

Why were the Persians defeated by the Ionian Greeks?

The Parthian (247BCE-224 CE) and Sasanid Empires (224-651CE)

Seleucids (323-283 BCE)

Persepolis Bas relief

Social:Development and Transformation of social structures  

            

Political:State-building, expansion and conflict  

           

InteractionBetween humans and the environment  

        

S

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Social:Development and Transformation of social structures  

            

Political:State-building, expansion and conflict  

           

InteractionBetween humans and the environment  

 

     

S

P

I

C

E

initially clan based/ nomadic/ pastoralistscentralized authority (Cyrus, Darius) but not direct rule of subjectsSATRAPS governed 23 SATRAPIES/ locals helped administer satrapiesimperial spies (“eyes and ears of the king”)Darius = genius = great administrator (TOLERANCE)open lines of communication (to administer 70 different ethnic groups)Xerxes = ruins tolerant environment = fall of the AchamenidsPersian Wars 500-479 BCE codified law codeSeleucid, Parthian and Sasanid Empires (Alexander’s generals)

Present Day Iran-IraqDarius = W Anatolia, E Indus River Valley, S Egypt and N ArmeniaGeography was mixed/challenging = development of qanat systemVariety of resourcesPersian Royal Road 1600 miles

highly organized classes of bureaucrats/ priests/ craftsmen/ merchants/ slaves/ free peasants (the bulk of the population)population 35 million (Darius)conspicuous displays of wealth/ social extremes Imperial bureaucrats= very high status (undermined authority of old warrior elite…)

“Neither snow nor rain nor heat nor gloom of night stays thesecouriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds”

Culture:Development and interaction of cultures  

           

Economic:Creation, expansion and interaction of economic systems  

   

       

S

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Culture:Development and interaction of cultures  

           

Economic:Creation, expansion and interaction of economic systems  

   

       

S

P

I

C

E

Zorastrianism - rituals, good vs. evil, Zarathustra, Ahura Mazda versus Angra Mainyu judgment day where your "good words, good thoughts, good deeds" are assessed. material world = OK(later influenced Christianity, Judaism, Islam): 1. omnipotent beneficent deity 2. good will prevail over evil 3. humans must strive for highest moral standards 4. humans will undergo judgment day

high agricultural production/ huge agricultural surplus Required tribute/tax from each satrapyregularized tax levies (replaced local tribute systems)Roads fostered trade/ regular marketsSpecialized production in different areas of the empire=economic specializationBanks

Standardized weights and measures/ standardized coins withvalue guaranteed by the state

YOUR QUESTIONS:

C 6 THE AMERICASC 7 THE EMPIRES OF PERSIA