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Please be seated right awayPlease be seated right away
• Notebook Notebook (you will need one)(you will need one)
• Pen/PencilPen/Pencil
• Your attention – I’m going to Your attention – I’m going to need all of the time I can get need all of the time I can get today!today!
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Why did we Why did we do it?do it?
The decision to drop the The decision to drop the Atomic Bomb on Atomic Bomb on
JapanJapan
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How was the idea conceived?
• Scientists in Europe study and conclude the potential power within an atom when it is split.
• Unrest in Europe scuttles and shuffles the research.
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The Einstein Letter• Written by Albert
Einstein to F.D.R.
• October 11, 1939.
• Warned of the destructive force of the potential weapon.
• F.D.R. responds……
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The Manhattan Project• Top-secret research project
designed to study atomic energy for weapons.
• F.D.R. approves the project in late October 1939.
• Fear of Hitler gaining this technology.
• Research facilities across the country.
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Manhattan Project Manhattan Project (cont.)(cont.)
• J. Robert Oppenheimer J. Robert Oppenheimer was put in charge of was put in charge of creating the bomb.creating the bomb.
• 125,000 workers – many 125,000 workers – many not knowing what they not knowing what they were working on.were working on.
• $2 billion dollar project.$2 billion dollar project.
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Oppenheimer with General Leslie Groves
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Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
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F.D.R. Dies
April 12, 1945
in Warm Springs, GA
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War in Europe EndsWar in Europe Ends
• Hitler commits suicide – Hitler commits suicide – April 30th, 1945April 30th, 1945
• V-E Day – May 8V-E Day – May 8thth, 1945, 1945
• Europe is in shambles.Europe is in shambles.
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The Test…….
• Alamogordo Mtn. Range in New Mexico
• July, 16 1945
• Beginning of the Atomic Age.
“Gadget”
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Trinity Test – July 16, 1945
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“Now I am become death, destroyer of worlds.”
-Robert Oppenheimer
After the Trinity Test
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“Now we are all son’s a bitches”
-Kenneth Bainbridge(Test Director)
After Oppenheimer’s quote
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The War is Dragging on…..
• Yalta Conference February 4-11, 1945.
• Potsdam Conference July 16-Aug. 2, 1945.
• These Conferences start to shape the world…….
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So now what ?!?!?• Harry S. Truman is in the White House.
• No end to War with Japan in sight.
• Japanese showing a strong will to continue to fight despite heavy losses.
• Conventional bombing raids on Japan continue.
• July 26, 1945 Truman issues a warning to Japan…………
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Factors in Truman’s Decision
• Statistics.
• Longevity of the War.
• Soviet Union.
• $ 2 Billion spent on the program!
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The Age of Atomic Fear Begins
• August 6, 1945 – Bomb is dropped on Hiroshima.
• Enola Gay (B-29) – based on Tinian Island.
• “Little Boy” Bomb – cloud reaches 50,000 ft in the air.
• Kills 80,000 people in seconds.
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One more droppedOne more dropped• August 9,1945 –
Nagasaki – “Fat Man”
• Kills 70,000 people
• Japanese agree to surrender on August 14, 1945.
• Official Surrender occurs on September 2, 1945
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What were the options?• Fight a conventional war by invading
Japan.
• Continue bombing Japan.
• Set-up an example on an island in the Pacific.
• Try to negotiate a peaceful settlement.
• Economic Blockade.
• Drop the bomb.
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The EndThe End