EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO ACEWORLD HISTORYIN ONE BIG

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It is believed that Lucy is a common ancestor for different types of hominids. She had a very small brain but walked on two legs, nearly two million years before other hominids would walk upright. Walking allowed Lucy to keep her hands free, but she used sticks and stones to dig or break open food instead of making tools. Archeologists once believed that the ability to walk upright led hominids to make tools, but Lucy showed this wasn’t true.

Homo habilis (~2 million years ago): HOMO HABILIS means “handy man.” This short hominid lived in East Africa and had a larger brain than Lucy and the AUSTRALOPITHECUS species.

Homo erectus (~1.5 million years ago): HOMO ERECTUS, or “upright man,” was a more advanced hominid with the ability to stand up. Even though Lucy and older hominids walked upright, HOMO ERECTUS had longer arms and legs and looked more like a human. About 500,000 years ago, HOMO ERECTUS learned to make fire, probably from rubbing two sticks together or by striking stones together to create a spark. This was a huge help for hunting, protection from animals, cooking, and keeping warm. Fire also meant that these hominids could move to areas with colder climates, which is why HOMO ERECTUS was probably the first hominid type to leave warm Africa.

Australopithecus (~4 million years ago): AUSTRALOPITHECUS means “southern ape,” which tells us that these humanlike apes were probably from eastern or southern Africa. LUCY is a famous AUSTRALOPITHECUS hominid-she was discovered in 1974 and changed the way scientists looked at the evolution of humankind.

• HOMO HABILIS• HOMO ERECTUS• HOMO SAPIENS• HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS

MODERN ASIA

MODERN AUSTRALIA

MODERN EUROPE

MODERN AFRICA LIKE A

BOY SCOUT!

WHERE F IRST HUMANS LIVED

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human migration

routes

The Ice Age was a time when much of the earth was covered by ice and oceans were frozen

over. It lasted over 90,000 years and ended around 10,000 BC.

The GreaT MiGraTionThe GreaT MiGraTion was a time of vast movement and long-distance travel for humans, who were beginning to explore america and australia. Most humans followed the animals they hunted across the continents, often moving toward wet climates with lakes and fertile lands. The Ice Age pushed humans toward warmer regions and

connected the continents through land bridges that were uncovered as sea levels lowered. Humans walked from africa until they reached every continent except antarctica. it took roughly one million years!

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the last 100,000 years in human evolution100,000

years ago: We hold burials

and create tools to capture prey that

runs faster than us.

77,000 years ago: The first evidence that

we are making marks in objects to count or record

information.

40,000–50,000 years ago:

Humans have migrated far enough from Africa to settle

in Europe and Australia.

35,000 years ago:

Music to our ears! Basic three-holed flutes provide entertainment and culture. We also continue drawing.

30,000–23,000 years ago:We begin using

needles made from bone to sew clothes

that fit us better.

9,000 years ago:

We start domesticating plants and animals,

which leads to sedentary communities.

8,000 years ago: The first written documents are

created from symbols. During the next few thousand years, symbols

will be replaced with words.

55–15 years ago:

Human population doubles in just 40

years from 3 billion to 6 billion people.

Looks Like home to me!

ooF!

uh-oh!

it says, “turn LeFt at the big rock!”

no, it says, “Look out For bears!”

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The Olympic Games began around 776 BCE as a festival for

the Olympians, where athletic games were a way of honoring

the gods. According to some myths, Zeus defeated Cronus in

a fight for the throne of the gods. Later, Herakles, a demigod,

staged the games in honor of Zeus. The first real games were

held on the ancient plains of Olympia. They were held for

nearly 12 centuries, until Emperor Theodosius banned them

in 393 CE because he believed they were a pagan ritual.

The ancient Olympic Games included:

Running – 200m and 400m foot races

Jumping – HALTERES (stone or lead weights)

were used to increase the distance of athletes’ jumps.

They held the weights until the end of their jump,

then threw the weights backward.

Discus ThRow – The techniques used in the

ancient games are very similar to today’s techniques.

wResTling – Matches ended only when a

contestant admitted defeat.

Boxing – The fighters sometimes wrapped their

hands in hard leather, which caused disfigurement

to their opponents’ faces.

pankRaTion – This was a primitive form of

martial art, which mixed boxing and wrestling.

The ancient Greeks believed it was founded when

Theseus defeated the Minotaur.

hoRse anD chaRioT Races – Races were

held in the Hippodrome.

The

olympicgames

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THE Scientific Revolution1507–1542:

Nicolaus Copernicus publishes two books about

how the solar system is heliocentric, which places

the sun at the center.

1610: Galileo uses a

telescope to look at the planets and the moon. He publishes his discoveries in

The Starry Messenger.

1616: The Catholic Church bans Copernicus’s

books.

1628: William Harvey

publishes a book on anatomy and shows

how the human heart is what pumps blood

through the body.

1632: Galileo’s book

is banned by the Catholic Church.

1633: Galileo is accused of heresy by the Church

and goes to trial. He is sentenced to life in prison and is closely watched by

Church authorities.

1630s: Rene Descartes studies mathematics to create

analytic geometry.

1687: Sir Isaac Newton

published Philosopiae Naturalis Principia

Mathematic where he describes his theory of gravity in the universe.

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