pcra guide

PCRA Guide

Renante Cempron

Notes to trainers• In all activities, employ participatory approach so that audience/participants will learn things

by doing• Use this module• Ensure that the minimum data requirement to produce our project plan is considered (check

templates and list of activities)• You can collect other data if you like but make sure you covered all the minimum• Insert breaks between sessions• Insert warm-ups and ensure activities are fun• Identify co-facilitators/team leaders to assist you during the 2 and a half day workshop• Ensure all materials are ready: printed materials, templates, meta cards, manila papers,

projector, laptop, electricity, • Use attendance sheets• Take photos highlighting activities• Create action plan for next steps: validation, creative presentation of data, validation,

planning and monitoring (persons involve, date, budget, expected output)• Ensure availability of trainers (2-3)

Cont..Notes to Trainers• Involve participants in preparation stage (administrative and logistical concerns)• Assign participants to lead in teams based on their skills during the field work stage• Invite participants who represents sectors in the community to encourage coaching and peer learning • Ensure accessibility of training venue and acceptability of day and time• Schedule physically demanding activities in the morning where energies if higher than in the afternoon• Schedule activities in times of good weather conditions for underwater surveys• Make the training as interesting and fun (provide simple instructions for ice breakers, warm-ups and

breaks between sessions are important)• Conduct courtesy calls and briefings with local government officials/leaders regarding the objectives

and outputs of the workshop (local leaders/ and officials buy in).• Make an initial visit to get a general feel of village and community to familiarize with the local

characteristics and features.• Familiarize the vicinity where to conduct field activities and the key informants • Encourage sectoral groups and the general public in the village to actively participate during the PCRA

activities• Encourage leaders/officials to invite participants• Appointments with key informants must be confirmed

Cont..Notes to Trainers• Explanation and discussion of each tools can be done in a plenary

simultaneously with several groups (it depends on the number of facilitators and participants)

• Practice sessions is necessary before the actual activities• Inform the participants that they will be going to the field • Group the participants according to the major activities (FGDs, habitat

assessment, fish visual census)• For the habitat assessment and FVC, it is advisable to include fisher’s • For the FGD, it is recommended that you have a combination of women,

fishers, youth and Barangay officials• Advice participants to wear casual clothing, bring extra clothes, wear

comfortable shoes, bring traditional goggles and fins if not comfortable with commercial ones

• Be on time

Proceso sa PCRA

Collect relevant secondary information

(This is your Site summary before University Phase)

Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs and community

reef survey)Conduct initial

compilation and analysis

Get community feedback

Finalize profile (This goes to your BROP)

Use profile in planning (3rd University phase)

Atong tool: FGD• FGDs are conducted to discuss specific topics or issues in detail. A

small group of people (10-15 per group) who are knowledgeable or interested in the topic are invited to participate in the discussions. FGDs are generally effective to generate information about specific topics or issues. A facilitator is chosen to ensure the discussion does not stray too far from the intended topic and that no one participant dominates the discussion. A documenter is also necessary to ensure that information/data generated during the discussion are noted down. Group FGDs require advance planning. We will employ the FGD tool in gathering all information relating to fisheries, socio-economic, diagramming (trend and calendar) and resource mapping (fishers, gleaners and MPA).

Mga PCRA FGDs

• Data gathering: collection of data relevant for planning (time frame February to March)– Fishery demographics (Brgy.)– Trend diagram (catch effort over time) (Brgy.)– Calendar diagram (seasonality of gears and catch) (Brgy.)– FGD on MPA enforcement (current enforcement system, records of infraction) (MPA)– FGD on fisheries (gears and catch inventory) (Brgy.)– MPA (history, folklore and uses) (Brgy.)– FGD on resource mapping (fishers and gleaners) (Brgy.)– FGD on socio-economic (specific on fishing) (Brgy.)

Collect relevant secondary

information (This is your Site

summary before University Phase)

Complete PCRA tools (8 FGDs

and community reef survey)

Conduct initial compilation and

analysis


Finalize profile (This goes to your

BROP)

Use profile in planning (3rd

University phase)

Mao ni atong gamiton: Focus Group Discussion (FGD)

• FGDs ay sinasagawa upang talakayin ang mga isyu (MPA). Kailangan ang 10-15 na tao na malawak ang kaalaman at interesado sa isyu na magparticipate sa discussions.

Pag-analisa kasama ang komunidad (pagkatapos ng mga gawain)

• Pagkuha ng summary• Paggawa ng graph (sa manila paper)• Pag-tabulate (gamit ang templates)• Practice simple deduction by asking questions– Anong ibig sabihin ng graph? – Paglilinaw

• Isulat ang mga sagot

• Prepare Template 1 in a manila paper• Explain what is fishery demographics (next slide)• Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions

using the first column of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Summarize

1. How to do: Fishery Demographics

• Describes the fishery of the locality (demographics)• Provides information on the fishing age, number of

fishers (full and part time), and other practices of different groups

• Helps in legislation (regulation fishers-from within and outside the Municipality)

• FGD (30 minutes, 10-15 participants)

1. Definition and benefit: Fishery Demographics

Details NumberNumber of fishermen (full time)Fisherfolk member or no? Kung no, bakit? what PO)Registered ba o hindi?

Number of fishermen (part time-farmers)Number of fishers (women)Number of fishers (children)Number of gleaners (part time, recreational, panud-an)Number of boats motorizedNumber of non-motorized boatsAve. number of individuals in a motorized boat/tripAve. number of individuals in a non-motorized boat/tripOther forms of livelihood /monthLean months for fishing/whyPeak months for fishing/why

Template 1: Fishery Demographics

• Prepare Template 2 in a manila paper• Explain what is calendar diagram (next slide)• Explain the benefit (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions

using the variables in the column of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Summarize

2. How to do: Calendar Diagram

Data gathering

Data validation

Data consolidationPlanning

Monitoring

• Illustrates seasonality of fish composition and gears in the locality

• Provides pattern or cycle of gear and catch in a year• Helps in legislation (regulation of gears and catch)• FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants)

2. Definition and benefit: Calendar Diagram

Data gathering

Data validation


Monitoring

Month Fish species caught (kg)

Gear type used Number of users

JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Template 2: Calendar diagram

2. Output: Calendar Diagram

Jan Feb Mar Apr Jun Jul Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Gear 1

Fish 1

Month

No.

of g

ears

(spe

cific

type

)

Kilo

gram

• Prepare Template 3 in a manila paper• Explain what is trend diagram (next slide)• Explain the benefit (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using

the variables in the columns of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Summarize

3. How to do: Trend Diagram

• A graphical representation of the catch effort over time and the direction of change

• May help project what will be the catch in the future depending on current management

• Provide buy in to improve current management practices

• FGD (10-15 participants-mostly fishermen aged 50-70 years old)

3. Definition and benefit: Trend Diagram

Template 3: Trend Diagram

Year Kilogram of catch/fisher

Major fishery issues/events/history/changes in fishing methods/

Fish species caught

1940195019601970198019902000200220072010

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 20100

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Year

Catc

h (k

g./p

erso

n/da

y)

Introduction of cyanide and

dynamite fishing

Use of fine mesh nets

?

3. Output: Trend Diagram

• Prepare Template 4 in a manila paper• Explain what is MPA enforcement workshop activity (next

slide)• Explain the benefit (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the

variables in the columns of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Summarize

4. How to do: MPA Enforcement

• A simple documentation showing history of enforcement, enforcement practices and some details regarding infractions, gears and perpetrators.

• Can help us understand who, where, what-MPA intrusions• Can help in legislation and planning and carrying out

enforcement systems• FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants-enforcers, some PNP mebers

can assist)

4. Definition and benefit: MPA Enforcement

Template 4: MPA EnforcementYear Numb

er of infringement

Types/forms of infringement/gears used

Intruders (from where, who, age group)

Course/s of action taken (apprehension, affidavit writing, litigation, imprisonment)

Forms of incentives/disincentives

Remarks

Year 1 (After MPA establishment)Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 6

5. How to do: Fish catch and gears

• Prepare Template 5a, 5b, and 5c in a manila paper• Explain what is fish catch and gear inventory workshop (next

slide)• Explain the benefit (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the

variables in the columns of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Add specific type of gear if necessary by inserting a column• Summarize

5. Definition and benefit: Fish catch and gears

• An inventory of all gears and type of catch in the locality• Helps describe what gear catches what fish• Provides information on gear diversity and multi gear fishery• Can help in decision making for regulations and legislations• FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants-mostly fishers)

Template 5a: Fish catch and gear inventory

Gear used

Regulated or no? What is the type

of regulatio

n?

Total number in the

barangay

Number of users in the

barangay

Soaking

time

Number of users in one

gear per trip

Frequency

of use in a day

List of fish

caught

Hook and line (multiple-offshore or single)Fish trap (bubo) Gill nets (bottom set gill net)Beach seineTrawl fishingSpear

Template 5b: Fish catch and gear inventory

Fish Catch Mangrove Seagrass Corals Deep sea

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Template 5c: Other resources

Invertebrates Mangrove Seagrass Corals Deep sea

1. Banagan

2. Hipon

3. Kasag

4. Pusit

5. Kogita

6. Balat

7. Sea urchin

8. Sea horse

9. Shells

10. Lato

6. How to do: MPA History and folklore

• Copy Template 6 in a manila paper• Explain what is MPA history activity (next slide)• Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using the

variables in the columns of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Add specific type of gear if necessary by inserting a column• Summarize

6. Definition and benefit: MPA History

• A historical account of the use, users and resources and folklores (practices) of the MPA

• An inventory of indigenous knowledge relating to fishing grounds as sacred or special areas that may form part of layman’s management practice

• Could date back to time that can be recalled by participants

• Provides a comparison of the use, users, and resource (what changed overtime)

• FGD (2 hrs-10-15 participants-fishers residing close to or knowledgeable of MPA history)

Template 6: MPA History and folklore

Year Uses and activities of Core Zone; folklores

Uses and activities of the Buffer Zone; folklores

Before establishment1 year after establishment2 years after establishment3 years after establishment (up to 2010)

7. How to do: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners)

• Group participants in 2 (Fishers and Gleaners)• Gleaners will map gleaning area, resources-mostly invertebrates, and landmarks)• Produce a base map of the barangay

– How: Project a map of the barangay using LCD– Trace the map using manila paper– Validate map by getting GPS coordinates (tracking function)

• Prepare crayons and pens of various colors• Explain what is Resource mapping activity (next slide)• Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide)• Do in plenary, show to the participant all codes (Habitat, Resources, Resource use and

issues) • Explain the codes and instruct participants to use them• If new elements are added, please create new code following the sequence (e.g. dynamite

fishing has no code, if existing in you area use IS13)

• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Summarize

7. Definition and benefits: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners)

• A visual representation of an area highlighting relationships between elements

• Can provide us quick reference as to areas of uses, issues, areas of conflict, fishing grounds and etc.

• Provides direct appreciation of the community of their barangay

• Useful tool for the community planning• FGD (3 hrs, 10-15 or more participants); Resource

MAP for gleaners (mostly females and kids)

7a. Habitat CodingHabitats

Area in meters/Use CLUP data Color Sample

colorTerrestrial Light yellowMangrove GreenMuddy BlackRocky BrownSeagrass Light greenCorals RedDeep sea Dark blueMarine water Light blueEstuary VioletTidal flats OrangeSand bar YellowMajor fishing grounds GrayMarine Protected Area Red-Orange

7b. Resources Code

7b. Resource code continuation….

7c. Resource use and issues code

7. Output: Resource Mapping (fishers and gleaners)

8. How to do: Socio-economic (fisheries)• Copy Template 8a and 8b in a manila paper• Explain what is Socio-economic tool (next slide)• Explain the benefit of the workshop (next slide)• Do in plenary, ask the participants questions using

the variables in the columns of the template• Write all answers in the template• Always ask for clarifications and comments• Summarize

8. Definition and benefit: Socio-economic (fisheries)• A simple profile of fishing activities focusing on day to day

income and expenses• This is useful in describing the magnitude of people

involved in fishing activities (full time fisheries, part time fisheries, gleaners and youth). Additional information on boat and users per trip will also demonstrate the amount of effort put by fishers in order to keep at par with the current fisheries situation.

• Provide us a baseline or pattern (economics, gears, catch composition)

• FGD (2 hrs, 10-15 participants)

Template 8a: Socio-economic (fisheries)use range (5-10 kilos; 100-500Php)

Gear type

Operational expenses

per trip (hook,

nylon, net, bait,

gasolina)

Number of kilos caught per trip

Number of kilos sold

Price per kilo Market Net

income

Types of

expense from sales

Number of kilos

to take home

Hook and line (single) (treat each variation with a single row)Hook and line (multiple) (classify according to number of hooks and treat each with a single row)Fish trap (bubo) (treat each variation with a single row)Gill nets Cast net (treat each variation with a single row)Beach seineFish corral Spear

Template 8b. Alternative source of livelihood for groups in the barangay

Alternatibong Panginabuhian

Gasto (similya, materiyales, suhol)

Kita Asa ibaligya Unsaon ang kita

Seaweeds

Charcoal

Copra

Others

PCRA Process




reef survey)

Conduct initial compilation and

analysis




2. Analysis with the community (after each activity day)

• Summarizing (sub-totals and totals)• Practice graphing (in manila paper)• Practice tabular presentation (see templates)• Practice simple deduction by asking questions– What is the graph or table saying? – What is the trends?– What are the explanations of the patterns?– Find relationship as to the activities /practices of the

community• Document answers and explanations

PCRA Process




reef survey)

Conduct initial compilation and analysis




3. Get Community Feed back (Validation)

• Ipresent ang datos sa barangay assembly• Ihanda ang mga resulta ng PCRA (analysis, graphical presentation)• Isama ang commentaryo ng mga tao• Ipresent ug magkuha ug feedback (KAP survey)

CBCMCFMAOTSCRURCK

Category Transect 1 Transect 2 Transect 3 Total %

CB 1 0 1 2 3.7

CM 1 1 1 3 5.5

CF 0 1 1 2 3.7

MA 0 0 1 1 1.8

OT 0 0 1 1 1.8

SC 1 0 1 2 3.7

RU 5 8 7 20 37.0

RCK 12 10 7 29 42.5

Total 20 20 20 54 100

Activities during validation

• Can be done during general assembly or special forum

• Presentation of all data in simple way (all results)– TWG members leading each tool can facilitate

presentation– Includes TWG and MANCOM Org Dev Plan and Action

Plan• Collect comments from the community• Incorporate comments (right after the validation day

to avoid loss files)

PCRA Process: Pag-consolida ng impormasyon




reef survey)





4. Pag-consolida: Fisheries Profile

• Activities– Write shop (fisheries)

Data gathering

Data validation


Monitoring

• Pagsamahin and mga resulta (8 ka FGDs)• Kompletohon and analysis ug conclusion

• Kini ang gitawag nga Fisheries Profile nga masulod sa BROP: Governance and Management Plan

Mga gawain sa pag-consolida

4. PCRA Process: Planning




reef survey)





4. Pagplano: Plan [After the Campaign]• Gawain– MPA Management and enforcement Planning Workshop– Campaign planning

MPA Management and Governance Plan

Campaign Work Plan+

CONSERVATION RESULT

Data gathering

Data validation


Monitoring

Mga gawain sa pagplano

• Timeframe (after campaign launch)• Ilabas ang lahat ng PCRA results• Present to participants (TWG and ManCom)• Gamitin ang PCRA results upang matukoy ang

mga startehiya• Ito ang ating Long term plan

pcra guide

Documents

field activities

afternoonschedule activities

demanding activities

trainersinvolve participants

major activities fgds

field group

habitat assessment

key informants