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Established in 1485until 1603, lead by Henry VII or Henry Tudor of Lancaster,married Elizabeth of 

 York, they are thefounders of TudorDynasty 

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Strengthening the position of Anglican Church

England’s trading industry was improved 

Defeated the invincible Armada (1558)

Beginning of English colonization of America Flowering of English literature

 Awakening the English pride in England’s gloriousdestiny. ( “Good Queen Bess”) 

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Mary, Queen of Scots(Mary Stuart), Elizabeth’s

cousin/ half sister wasforced to abdicate herthrone and took refuge toElizabeth. Later on, she

becomes a threat toElizabeth’s throne and was beheaded in 1587.

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 James I- Mary Stuart’s son,

Successor of Elizabeth I;adopted the divineright

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Charles I- son of 

 James I; hasconflicts withthe Parliament – Taxes and

Religion

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Both are always short of fund because of several warsand extravagance so they asked more money to theParliament

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Petition of Right

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Petition of Right- foundation of English Liberty;limited the power of the kings.

1. Monarch could not collect taxes without theParliament’s consent. 

2. Civilians could not be forced to provide foodand shelter for the soldiers

3. Military law could not imposed in time of 

peace.4. No person could be imprisoned except upon aspecific charge.

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Short Parliament- dissolve 3 weeks after Charles Icalled a meeting of Parliament to asked moremoney to fight the Scots.

Long Parliament- (1640-1653) in desperationCharles called a meeting again for money; limits

the monarchs power– (1) regular sessions, (2)abolish Star Chamber, (3) taxation withParliament’s consent 

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In 1648, he expelled allof his opponents inthe Parliament. The nthe rest of themembers abolishedthe House of Lords,brought Charles I totrial for treason and

beheaded him in 1649.

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He formed a new government-COMMONWEALTH

; known as the“Lord Protector”he ruled Scotland,England and

Ireland until hisdeath in 1658.

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His reign is knownas the “Merry 

Monarch,”charismatic leaderand popular with hissubjects, however,there were alsoreligious divisions inhis period.

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