overview of new and renewable energy

7/31/2019 Overview of New and Renewable Energy

1/19

Overview of new and renewableenergy data availability,

classifications

1st meeting of the Oslo Group onEnergy Statistics

6 8 February 2006, Oslo

Kroly Kovcs, Chief, Energy Statistics Section, United Nations Statistics Division


2/19

Energy challanges

World energy demand is increasing

Energy related environmental impactscontinue to grow

Access to affordable energy is 2.4 billion people are without clean, safe

cooking fuel and depend on traditionalbiomass

1.6 billion people are without electricity


3/19

Energy consumption by fuel type, 1980 and 2002

Source: EIA: International Energy Outlook 2004

1980 2002


4/19

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

0

50

100

150

200

250

Quadrillio

nBtu

Oil

Renewables

Nuclear

History Projections

Coal

Natural Gas

39%

25%

23%

8%

5%

World Primary Energy Consumption by Fuel Type,1970-2025

Source: EIA, International Energy Outlook 2004


5/19

Energy challanges

The World Summit on SustainableDevelopment (Johannesburg, 2002), theInternational Conference for RenewableEnergy (Bonn, 2004) renewable energy as acritical component for poverty alleviation andfor sustainable development

Beijing International Renewable EnergyConference promotion of renewable energyfor improving access to energy services,increasing job opportunities, improving airquality, public health, enhancing energysecurity and offering a new paradigm for

international cooperation


6/19

New and renewable energy

Refers to energy resources which arenaturally replenished:

Wind,

Solar, Hydropower,

Biomass,

Geothermal energy

Ocean energy

Renewable energy is mainly produced andused domestically


7/19

Renewable Energy Contribution to the GlobalPrimary Energy in 2004

Source: E. Martiono: Renewables 2005 Global Status Report


8/19

New and renewable energycurrent developments

By the end of 2004, renewable energy supplies17 per cent of the total primary energy.

Traditional biomass (for cooking and heating) is

growing just slowly as it is used more efficientlyor replaced by more modern energy sources;

Large hydropower is growing slowly

New renewables (small hydro, modern biomass,wind, solar, geothermal and biofuel) are growingvery rapidly.


9/19

Average Annual Growth Rates ofRenewable Energy Capacity, 20002004

Source: E. Martiono: Renewables 2005 Global Status Report


10/19

Cost of electricity production from differentresources (cent/kWh) estimate

Source: C. Falvin, Worldwatch Institute, presented at the World Renewable Energy

Forum, Bonn, May 30, 2004.

0

1

2

3

4

56

7

8

9

10

Biomass Hydropower Wind Natural Gas Coal


11/19

New and renewable energyinvestments

Modern applications of renewable energy havegrown steadily over the past three decades

The investment to developing renewable energy

capacities in countries is growing rapidly (from$6 billion in 1995 to $30 billion in 2004)

Annual investment in renewable energy, 1995-2004


12/19

Resource potential

Renewable resource potentials exceedstodays world energy consumptions

Estimated renewable energy source potentials

Source: NREL


13/19

Renewable energy policies andtargets

Policy promotions/policy targets exist in 50countries.

Most of them are targeting share ofrenewable energy in the electricitygeneration (typically 5 30 per cent)


14/19

Comparison of RenewableEnergy Definitions

Product details are different

Definitions are different if they exist

Breakdown differences Correspondence with internationally

recognized classifications is not

sufficient if exists


15/19

Comparison of Renewable Energy DefinitionsSample

Definition UNSD IEA EUROSTAT EIA FAO WRI

Renewable

energy

CODED:

code 5500

N/A Renewable energyisderived from natural

processes that are

replenished constantly.

In its various forms, it

derives directly or

indirectly from the sun,

or from heat generated

deep within the earth.

Included in the

definition is energy

generated from solar,

wind, biomass,

geothermal,

hydropower and ocean

resources, and biofuels

and hydrogen derived

from renewable

resources.

Renewable energies

cover hydropower,

wind energy, solar

energy, biomass and

wastes and geothermal

energy. Renewable

energies are the sum of

hydropower, wind

energy, solar energy,

biomass & wastes and

geothermal energy.

Renewable energy

resources: Energy

resources that are

naturally replenishing

but flow-limited. They

are virtually

inexhaustible in

duration but limited in

the amount of energy

that is available per

unit of time.

Renewable energy

resources include:

biomass, hydro,

geothermal, solar,

wind, ocean thermal,

wave action, and tidal

action.

Renewable energy

consists of energy

produced and/or

derived from sources

infinitely renovated

(hydro, solar, wind) or

generated by

combustible

renewables

(sustainably produced

biomass); usually

expressed in energy

units and, in the case

of fuels, based on net

calorific values.

Renewables,

excluding

Hydroelectric shows

the amount of energy

consumed from

renewable sources

such as wind; tide,

wave and ocean;

thermal and

photovoltaic solar;

primary solid biomass;

liquid biomass and

biogas; and geothermal

systems.


16/19

Comparison of Renewable Energy Definitions Sample(Continued)

Definition UNSD IEA EUROSTAT EIA FAO WRI

CharcoalH.S.4402. 00

FORESTPROD 4121FORESTPRO

D 4221

Charcoal:

Solid residue,

consisting

mainly of

carbon, obtained

by the

destructive

distillation of

wood in the

absence of air.

Charcoal: Covers the solid

residue of the destructive

distillation and pyrolysis of

wood and other vegetal

material.

1. Wood Charcoal:

Wood carbonised by partial

combustion or the application of

heat from external sources. It

includes charcoal used as a fuel

or for other uses, e.g. as a

reduction agent in metallurgy or

as an absorption or filtration

medium. It is reported in

metric tonnes.2. Charcoal: Covers the solid

residue of the destructive

distillation and pyrolysis of

wood and other vegetalmaterial.

N/A Charcoal: refers to asolid residue derived

from the

carbonization,

distillation, pyrolysis

and torrefaction of

wood (from the trunks

and branches of trees)

and wood by-

products, using

continuous or batch

systems (pit, brick and

metal kilns). It also

includes charcoalbriquettes.

N/A

Black

liquor:N/A Black liquor: This is a

recycled by-product formed

during the pulping of wood in

the paper making industry. In

this process, lignin in the

wood is separated from

cellulose, with the latter

forming the paper fibers.

Black liquor is the

combination of the ligninresidue with water and the

chemicals used for the

extraction of the lignin and is

burned in a recovery boiler.

The boiler produces steam and

electricity and recovers the

inorganic chemicals for

recycling throughout the

process.

N/A Black liquor: Abyproduct of the

paper production

process, alkaline

spent liquor, that

can be used as a

source of energy.

Alkaline spent

liquor is removed

from the digestersin the process of

chemically pulping

wood. After

evaporation, the

residual black

liquor is burned as

a fuel in a recovery

furnace that

permits the

recovery of certain

basic chemicals.

Black liquor: is the

alkaline-spent liquor

obtained from the

digesters in the

production of sulphate

or soda pulp during

the process of paper

production, in which

the energy content is

mainly derived fromthe content of lignin

removed from the

wood in the pulping

process.

See solid biomass


17/19

Availability of Renewable EnergyInformation

Annual data is available for different timeperiod

Special editions are available: general orby the type of the renewable energy

Coverage is member countries


18/19

Availability of Renewable Energy InformationSample

Description UNSD IEA EIA Eurostat FAO WRI

Online Searchable Database/ Data-table

Products in

Statistical

Data

1. Fuelwood

2. Charcoal

3.Alcohole

4.Bagass

5. Animal Waste

6. Municipal Waste

7. Industrial Waste

8. Other Non

Commercial Energy

Sources9.Pulp and paper waste

10. Vegetable Waste

1. Municipal waste

2. Inductrial waste

3.Primary Solid

Biomass

4. Biogas

5. Liquid Biofuels

6. Geothermal

7.Solar thermal

8. Hydro

9. Solar PV10. Tide/Wave/Ocean,

11. Wind

International Data:

1.World Renewable

Consumption

Hydroelectric

2. World Renewable

Consumption from

other renewables

(Geothermal, Solar,

Wind, Wood , Waste)

1.total energy

production from

Renewable Sources

2.solar heat

3. biomass

4. geothermal

5.wastes

6.hydro

7.wind

8. Solar PV9.Biofuels

FAOSTAT

Forestry

1. Wood Charcoal

2. Wood Fuel

3. Wood Residues

WEIS--

1. Fuelwood

2. charcoal

3. black liquor

(woodfuels)

1. Biogas

2. Liquid Biomass

3. Geothermal

4. solar

5. wind

6. wave

7. Hydroelectric

8. Solid Biomass

(includes fuelwood)

US Data:

1.Biomass

(wood & wood waste,

Municipal Solid Waste,

Landfill Gas )

2. Geothermal

(Geothermal Heat

Pump)

3. Hydro

(Conventional)4. Solar (Thermal, PV)

5. Wind

6. Alternative

Transportation Fuels

7. Alternative Fueled

Vehicles

8. Ethanol


19/19

Recommendations

Harmonization of definitions to enhancecomparability on the international level

Developing correspondence for each product toenhance data collection on the country level andcomparability of data on the international level

Collecting best practices in designing andexecuting data collection of renewables;producing statistics on renewables

overview of new and renewable energy

Documents