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Overview Of Chess By Bello Games New York

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Origin Of Chess

The history of chess spans some 1500 years.

The earliest predecessors of the game originated in

India,before the 6th century AD. From India, the game

spread to Persia.

When the Arabs conquered Persia, chess was taken up

by the Muslim world and subsequently spread to

Southern Europe.

In Europe, chess evolved into roughly its current form in the

15th century

In the second half of the 19th century, modern chess

tournament play began, and the first world Chess

Championship was held in 1886.



Ancient Chess Sets



Original Chess Coins From 9th Century



Chess Coins & Concepts


Chess board contians 64 squares of 8 rows and 8 columns.

Horizontal rows are called as Ranks in chess.

Vertical columns are called as Files.

Chess pieces, or chessmen, are the pieces deployed

on a chessboard to play the game of chess.

The pieces vary in capabilities, giving them different

values in the game.



For A Standard Chess Game Each Player Starts With

1 King

1 Queen

2 Rooks

2 Bishops

2 Knights

8 Pawns



The King

In chess, the king ( , ) ♔ ♚ is the most important piece. The object of the game is to trap the opponent's king so that its escape is not possible (checkmate). If a player's king is threatened with capture, it is said to be in check, and the player must remove the threat of capture on the next move. If this cannot be done, the king is said to be in checkmate. Although the king is the most important piece, it is usually the weakest piece in the game until a later phase, the endgame.



The queen ( , ) is the most powerful piece in ♕ ♛

the game of chess, able to move any number of

squares vertically, horizontally, or diagonally.

Each player starts the game with one queen,

placed in the middle of the first rank next to the

king. With the chessboard oriented correctly, the

white queen starts on a white square and the

black queen on a black square.

Queen



Rook

The rook participates with the king, in a special move called castling. In general, rooks are stronger than bishops or knights (which are called minor pieces) and are considered greater in value than either of those pieces by nearly two pawns but less valuable than two minor pieces. Two rooks are generally considered to be worth slightly more than a queen. Winning a rook for a bishop or knight is referred to as winning the exchange. Rooks and queens are called heavy pieces or major pieces, as opposed to bishops and knights, the minor pieces.



Bishop The bishop has no restrictions in distance for

each move, but is limited to diagonal movement.

Bishops, like all other pieces except the knight,

cannot jump over other pieces. A bishop

captures by occupying the square on which an

enemy piece sits. The bishops may be

differentiated according to which wing they begin

on,the king's bishop and queen's bishop. As a

consequence of its diagonal movement, each

bishop always remains on either the white or

black squares, and so it is also common to refer

to them as light squared or dark squared

bishops.



knight The knight move is unusual among chess

pieces. When it moves, it can move two squares horizontally and one square vertically, or two squares vertically and one square horizontally. The complete move therefore looks like the letter 'L'. Unlike all other standard chess pieces, the knight can 'jump over' all other pieces to its destination square. It captures an enemy piece by moving into its square. The knight's ability to 'jump over' other pieces means it tends to be at its most powerful in closed positions, in contrast to that of a bishop. The move is one of the longest-surviving moves in chess, having remained unchanged since before the seventh century.



pawn The pawn ( ) is the most numerous and ♟♙

weakest piece in the game of chess, historically representing infantry, or more particularly armed peasants or pikemen. Each player begins the game with eight pawns, one on each square of the rank immediately in front of the other pieces. Unlike the other pieces, pawns may not move backwards. Normally a pawn moves by advancing a single square, but the first time a pawn is moved, it has the option of advancing two squares. Pawns may not use the initial two-square advance to jump over an occupied square, or to capture. Any piece directly in front of a pawn, friend or foe, blocks its advance.


A game clock consists of two adjacent clocks and buttons to stop one clock while starting the other, such that the two component clocks never run simultaneously. Game clocks are used in two-player games where the players move in turn. The purpose is to keep track of the total time each player takes for his or her own moves, and ensure that neither player overly delays the game. Game clocks were first used extensively in tournament chess, and are often called chess clocks. The first time that game clocks were used in a chess tournament was in the London 1883 tournament.


Game Clock


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