orchard management schedule 2013-14.pdf

8/20/2019 Orchard Management Schedule 2013-14.pdf

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Orchard ManagementSchedule

A guide to insect, mite and disease

management in apple and pearorchards in Nova Scotia

2013/2014

Extension and Advisory Team


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Editor and Production

Bill Craig, Horticulturist,Perennia, 32 Main Street,Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Reviewers

Peter Burgess,Perennia, 199 Innovation Drive, Innovation Park

Truro NS, B2N 6Z4

Chris Duyvelshoff, Horticulturist,Perennia, 32 Main Street,

Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Helen Arenburg

Perennia, 32 Main Street,

Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Sources of Information on Pesticides

Information Service of the Pest Management Regulatory AgencyPhone: 1-800-267-6315Web Site: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.php

Pest Management Regulatory Agency –Electronic Labels: Search ToolWeb Site: http://www hc sc gc ca/cps spc/pest/registrant titulaire/tools outils/label etiq eng php

http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/registrant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/registrant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/registrant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/registrant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.phphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.php


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Emergency and First Aid Procedure for Pesticide Poisoning

· Become familiar with the chemicals you are using. Keep a list of common and activeingredient names in case of accidents or emergencies. This information can be found on

product labels and cross-referenced in this publication.

· If a pesticide has come in contact with the skin or has been spilled on clothing, removethe clothing and wash the skin thoroughly with soap and warm water.

· If poisoning from exposure to a pesticide by swallowing, inhalation or contact with skin

or eyes, is suspected read the label of the pesticide container if available and carry outfirst aid treatment as suggested.

· Immediately after first aid treatment has been given, wrap the patient in a coat or blanketand rush him/her to the nearest hospital. Take the list of chemical common names with

you and identify the one being used.

· If a person is unconscious or lapses into unconsciousness, call 911 immediately.

· Emergency advice on pesticide poisoning is available from the Poison InformationCentre, Halifax, NS. Phone: 1-800-565-8161 (NS & PEI).


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Table of Contents

Toxicity Table and Pesticide Formulation Abbreviations ............................. 5Problem Codes............................................................................................ 6Overview of Apple Orchard Management Schedule.................................... 7Overview of Pear Orchard Management Schedule...................................... 9Pesticides Listed in this Schedule................................................................ 10

Apple Orchard Management Schedule ....................................................... 14Green Tip ......................................................................................... 14

15 mm Green to Tight Cluster........................................................... 14Bud Separation.................................................................................. 15Pink.................................................................................................... 17Bloom................................................................................................. 18Calyx ................................................................................................. 19First Cover......................................................................................... 21Second Cover................................................................................... 22Codling Moth Decision Table.............................................................. 22

Third Cover........................................................................................ 23Fourth Cover ...................................................................................... 24

August to November .......................................................................... 25Pear Orchard Management Schedule .......................................................... 26

Dormant to Scale Separation.............................................................. 26Blossom Bud Exposed to Bloom………………………………………. 27Calyx………………………………………………………………………. 28First Cover to Cover Sprays.............................................................. 29


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Toxicity Table

LD50 (mg/kg) Hazard Rating Relative Toxicity Rating

Above 500 Very Low Hazard 1

101-500 Low Hazard 2

21-100 Moderate Hazard 3

11-20 Very High Hazard 4

10 and less Extremely Hazardous 5

Pesticide Formulation Abbreviations

DF dry flowable SG soluble granules

DP dispersible powder SN solution

DU dust SP soluble powder

EC emulsifiable concentrate SU suspension

F or FLO flowable solution SURF surfactant

GR or G granular W or WP wettable powder

OD oil dispersible WSP water soluble pouch


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Problem Codes

The following codes can be used on the spray record sheet when recording your monitoring and sprayactivities. These codes are the same as those used in the Orchard Outlook newsletter. We wouldencourage you to use these codes, as they may make record-keeping easier.

Insects Insects

Apple Brown Bug ABB Tarnished Plant Bug TPB

Apple Grain Aphid AGA Tent Caterpillar TC

Apple Leaf-Curling Midge ALM White Apple Leafhopper WALH

Apple Maggot AM Winter Moth WM

Codling Moth CM Mites

European Fruit Tree Borer EFTB Apple Rust Mite ARM

European Fruit Scale EFS European Red Mite ERM

European Apple Sawfly EAS Lemon Yellow Mite LYM

Eyespotted Bud Moth ESBM Pear Leaf Blister Mite PLBM

Fruittree Leafroller FTR Pear Rust Mite PRM

Green Apple Aphid GAA Two-spotted Spider Mite TSSM

Green Pug Moth GPM Typhlodromus pyri TYPH

Leafrollers LR Diseases

Lecanium Scale LS Apple Scab AS

Mullein Bug MB Bitter Pit BP

Oystershell Scale OS Blossom End Rot BER

Obliquebanded Leafroller OBL European Canker EC


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Overview of Apple Orchard Management

Schedule

Stage Problem Management Options

Monitoring PhysicalControl

ChemicalControl

Other

April European Fruit Tree Borer

European Red Mite

Fire Blight Cankers

x

x

x x

May Canker

European Fruit Tree Borer

x

x

Green Tip Apple Scab

European Red Mite x x

x

15 mm Green to

Tight Cluster

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

European Red Mite

Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

Winter Moth

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Bud Separation Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Fruitworm

Winter Moth

x

x

x

x

x

Pink Apple Scab

Powdery MildewEuropean Red MiteRosy Apple AphidOblique Banded and Three

xx

x

x

x

xx

x

x


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ChemicalControl

Other

First Cover Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Codling Moth

European Red Mite

Apple Rust Mite

Twospotted Spider Mite

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Second Cover Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Fire BlightCodling Moth

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Third Cover Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Fire Blight

Apple Maggot

Codling Moth

European Red Mite

Twospotted Spider Mite Apple Rust Mite

Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

x

x

x

x

x

x

xx

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

xx

x

Fourth Cover Apple Scab

Apple Maggot

European Red Mite

Two-spotted Spider Mite

Apple Rust Mite

Codling Moth

Eyespotted Bud Moth

White Apple Leafhopper

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Early August Soil & Leaf Analysis x


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Overview of Pear Orchard Management Schedule

Stage Problem Management Options


ChemicalControl

Other

April Pear PsyllaPear Leaf Blister Mite

x xx x

Scale Separation Pear ScabPear Psylla x x

xx

Blossom BudExposed toTight Cluster

Pear Scab x

Full White Pear ScabWinter MothFruitwormPear Rust Mite

xxx

xxxx

Bloom Pear ScabPollination

xx

Calyx Pear ScabWinter MothFruitwormPear Rust MiteEuropean Red Mite

xxxx

xxxxx


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10

PESTICIDES LISTED IN THIS SCHEDULE

This listing includes all the registered pesticides (excluding herbicides) detailed in the Apple and Pear Orchard Management Schedules. Some of the secondary insects and diseases referred to on thepesticide labels are also listed, but caution must be used in interpreting the effects on these secondary pests. The Schedule recommends the timing of application based on the target pest which is oftennot the appropriate time for control of the secondary pests.

Acti ve Ingredient Product Chemical Famil y

GR O UP

Relative Toxicity(1=least, 5=most)

D AYS

TO

H ARVE

ST

RE -E NT RY

I NT E RV

A L

Pests Controlled

M AMM

AL

BEES

TYPHS

OTHER

INSECT

S

OR

AL

SKIN

FUNGICIDES/ANTIBIOTICS

Aureobasidiumpullulans

Blossom Protect Biopesticide 11 1 1 1 1 - - 0 Suppression of fire blight

boscalid +

pyraclostrobin

Pristine Carboxylic acid amide

Strobilurin

7

11

1 1 1 1 - 5 5 -12days

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, flyspeck, sooty blotch,Brooks spot

captan CaptanMaestro

Phthalimide M 1 1 1 1 - 7 48 hrs Apple & pear scab, black rot, flyspeck, sooty blotch, storage rots(applied preharvest)

cyprodinil Vangard Anilinopyrimidine 9 1 1 - - - 72 72 hrs Apple scab

difenoconazole Inspire Triazole 3 1 1 1 1 - 14 12 hrs Apple & pear scab

dodine Equal/Syllit Guanidine 12 1 1 1 1 - 7 48 hrs Apple & pear scab

fluazinam All egro Phenylpyridinylamine 29 1 1 1 - - 28 72 hrs Apple scab, flyspeck and sooty blotch

fluopyram +pyrimethanil

Luna Tranquility Carboxamide

Anilinopyrimidine

7

9

1 1 - - - 14 12 hrs Apple scab, powdery mildew

fludioxonil Scholar Phenyl pyroles 12 1 1 - - - PH - Storage rots (blue and grey mold)

kresoxim-methyl Sovran Strobilurin 11 1 1 1 1 30 48 hrs Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew


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11

Acti ve Ingredient Product Chemical Family

G

ROUP

Relative Toxicity(1=least,5=most)

D AYS

TO

H ARVEST

RE -E NT RY

I NT E RV A L

Pests Controlled

M AMM

ALB

E

E

S

TYPHS

OTHE

R

INSECTS

OR

AL

SKIN

FUNGICIDES/ANTIBIOTICS

mancozeb DithaneManzatePenncozeb

Dithiocarbamate M 1 1 1 4 - 45 24 hrs Apple scab, cedar apple rust, flyspeck, sooty blotch

metiram Polyram Dithiocarbamate M 1 1 1 3 - 45 - Apple scab, cedar apple rust, flyspeck, sooty blotch

thiabendazole Mertect Imidazole 1 1 1 - - - PH - Storage rots (blue and grey mold))

myclobutanil Nova Triazole 3 1 1 1 1 - 14 dry Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust

penthiopyrad Fontelis Carboxamide 7 1 1 1 1 - 28 12 hrs Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust

pyrimethanil Scala Anilinopyrimidine 9 1 1 - 1 - 72

14

24 hrs Apple & pear scab, storage rots

Pantoeaagglomerans strainC9-1

BlightBan C9-1 Biopesticide 11 1 1 1 1 1 - 4 hrs Suppression of fire blight

Pantoeaagglomerans strainE325

Bloomtime Biological Biopesticide 11 1 1 1 1 1 - 4 hrs Suppression of fire blight

streptomycinsulfate

Streptomycin Antibiotic 18 1 1 - 1 - 50 24 hrsto

14 days

Fire blight

sulphur Kumulus

Microscopic Sulphur

Inorganic M 1 1 1 3 3 1 - Powdery mildew, apple & pear scab

thiophanate-methyl Senator MBC 1 1 1 1 1 - 7 - Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew

trifloxystrobin Flint Strobilurin 11 1 1 1 - - 14 12 hrs

to4 days

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, sooty blotch, flyspeck, cedarapple rust


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12

Acti ve Ingredient

Product Chemical Family

G

ROUP

Relative Toxicity(1=least,5=most)

D AYS

TO

H ARVEST

RE -E N

T RY

I NT E RV A L

Pests Controlled

M AMM

ALB

E

E

S

TYPHS

OTHE

RINSECTS

OR

AL

SKIN

INSECTICIDES

acetamiprid Assail Chloronicotines 4 1 1 4 1 - 7 12 hrs Aphids, apple maggot, apple sawfly, leafminer, leafhoppers,codling moth, pear psylla

Bacillus thuringienis Dipel 2XDF

Bioprotec CAF

Bt Microbial 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 - Winter moth, leafrollers

carbaryl Sevin Carbamate 1 2 1 5 1 1 11 - White apple leafhopper, pear leaf blister mite

chlorantraniliprole Alt acor Ryanodine receptors 28 2 1 3 3 4 14 12 hrs Codling moth, obliquebanded leafroller, leaf miner

clothianidin Clutch Neonicotinoid 4 1 1 4 - - 7 12 hrs Aphids, leafhoppers, plum curculio, leafminer, pear psylla

cypermethrin Ripcord

Up-Cyde

Pyrethroid 3 2 1 3 3 3 7 - Winter moth (NS), bud moth, pale apple leafroller, tarnished plantbug, pear psylla

deltamethrin Decis Pyrethroid 3 2 1 5 5 5 1 - Leafrollers, winter moth, pear psylla

flonicamid Beleaf Pyridinecarboxamide 9C 1 1 1 - 1 21 48 hrs Aphids

lambda cyhalothrin Matador/Warrior Pyrethroid 3 2 1 3 3 4 7 24 hrs Winter moth, leafrollers, tarnished plant bug, pear psylla

imidacloprid Admire/Ali as Neonicotinoid 4 1 1 - 1 3 7 24 hrs Rosy and green apple aphid, white apple leafhopper, mullein bug

methoxyfenozide Intrepid Ecdysone Disrupter 18 1 1 1 1 1 14 dry Pale apple, obliquebanded, and three lined leafroller, pear psylla

novaluron Rimon IGR 15 1 1 - 1 - 14 12 Codling moth

permethrin Pounce Pyrethroid 3 2 2 5 5 5 7 - Winter moth, fruitworm, bud moth, pear psylla

phosmet Imidan Organophosphate 1B 2 1 5 1 5 14 7 days Tent caterpillar, leafrollers, fruitworm, green pug moth,eyespotted budmoth, plum curculio, codling moth, apple maggot,pear psylla

spinosad Success Naturalyte 5 1 1 1 3 1 7 12 hrs Obliquebanded, three lined, fruittree & European leafroller, eye-spotted budmoth


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13

INSECTICIDES

spinetoram Delegate Naturalyte 5 1 1 1 - 1 7 12 hrs Codling moth, eye spotted bud moth, obliquebanded, and threelined leafroller, spotted tentiform leafminer

spirotetramat Movento Tetronic Acid 23 1 1 2 1 1 7 12 hrs Rosy apple aphid, apple aphids, pear psylla

sulfoxaflor Closer Neonicotinoid 4C 1 1 - - 7 12 hrs Green apple and rosy apple aphid. Suppression of woolly appleaphid

tebufenozide Confirm Ecdysone Disrupter 18 1 1 1 1 1 14 12 hrs Obliquebanded leafroller, codling moth, winter moth, green pugmoth

thiacloprid Calypso Chloronicotines 4 2 1 2 1 30 12 hrs Codling moth, plum curculio, apple maggot, mullein bug,leafhopper,spotted tentiform leafminer,aphids, apple sawfly, pearpsylla

thiamethoxam Actara Neonicotinoid 4 1 1 3 1 - 60 12 hrs Rosy apple aphid, mullein bug, spotted tentiform leafminer, plumcurculio, pear psylla

kaolin Surround Kaolin 1 1 1 1 1 - - Apple maggot, leafrollers, leafhopper, plum curculio, tarnishedplant bug, first generation codling moth

MITICIDES

acequinocyl Kanemite Quinolinone 20 1 1 - 1 - 14 12 hrs European red, two spotted spider

bifenazate Acrami te Carbazate 25 1 1 3 1 - 7 12 hrs Two spotted spider, McDaniel and European red mites

abamectin Agr i-Mek Avermectin 6 1 1 1 1 1 28 Dry All mites, pear psylla

clofentezine Apo llo Tetrazine 10 1 1 1 1 1 - 12 European red, two spotted spider and McDaniel mite

formetanate Carzol Carbamate 1A 4 1 3 5 5 1 - All mites, white apple leafhopper

petroleum oil Superior oil - 4 - 2 1 1 - - European red mite, oystershell scale

mineral oil Purespray Green - 4 - 2 1 1 - - European red mite, European fruit, lecanium, oystershel l, andSan Jose scale, powdery mildew

pyridaben Nexter Pyridazinone 21 1 1 - 3 - 25 24 hrs All mites

spirodiclofen Envidor Tetronic Acid 23 1 1 2 3 1 7 12 hrs All mites

OTHER

diphacinone Ramik Brown Indandione - 5 - 1 1 1 - - Mice

chlorophacinone Rozol Groundforce

Indandione - 5 5 - 1 1 1 - Mice

zinc phosphide Waxed Mouse Bait Inorganic Phosphide - 5 - 1 1 1 - - Mice


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Green Tip 14

Apple Orchard Management Schedule for Nova Scotia 2013/2014 A guide to insect, mite and disease management in apple orchards

- All rates are p er hectar e of m atur e (“ stan dard ” ) trees or ful l di lu te vo lum e of ab out 3370 li tres of w ater /ha. To adj ust for smal ler t rees and h igher d ens ity planti ngs, ref er to Tree Row Volu mefactsheet TF 92002 or Integrated Fruit Produ ction Guide.-All rates are based on label rates. In some cases, reduced rates can be used based on factors other than tree size. Please refer to specific notes or your agricultu ral advisor for details.

-Always read the label before using any pesticide. Where differences between the label and this sch edule occur, label information prevails. Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

GREEN TIP

App le Scab Use one of the following listed fungicides.

► MaestroSupra Captan

80 DF80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application. Early season sprays maycause injury to the foliage of Red Delicious.

► DithaneManzate 200Penncozeb

75 DG75 DF75 DF

6.00 kg Compatible with oil.

► Polyram 80 DF 6.00 kg Compatible with oil. Do not mix with liquid fertilizer or hydrated lime.

► Allegro 500 F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make no

more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure andon more susceptible cultivars.

► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply at 7-12 day intervals from green tip to petal fall. Do not apply post bloom. Do not apply more than 6.0 L per hectare ormore than 4 applications in a row. Apply in a minimum spray volume of 1000 L/ha.

► Vangard 75 WG 370 g Apply as a protectant spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications alone. Do not apply more than 6times per season. Do not apply more than 1.5 kg/ha of Vangard per season. Avoid drift onto cherries. For added protection andresistance management tank mix with one of the following: Polyram DF, Manzate 200 DF or Dithane DG at full rate.

► Equal/Syll it 65 WP 1.08-2.25 kg Compatible with oil. Use high rate for high disease pressure and low rate for low disease pressure. For missed infection periods,apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of infection period start. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicidesthat are not in group M7.

► Senator+ Captan

70 WP80 WP

625 g2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. Do not mix the Captanmixture with oil or apply 7 days before or after an oil application. If Benomyl resistance has been detected this product may be

ineffective.European Red Mite Assess winter eggs on twigs and bark, refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #6 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Superior Oil

PuresprayGreen Spray Oil

70 sec

13 E

65 L

65 L

Best results are obtained when applied with a high volume of water 1500 to 3370 L/ha. Do not apply oil during freezingtemperatures or just following a frost. Check compatibility with fungicide. May cause bark injury on Red Delicious and Empire.

15 mm GREEN to TIGHT CLUSTER

App le Scab Use a fungicide as listed under Green Tip. Check fungicide compatibility with oil treatments for mites.

Powdery Mildew If mildew was a problem during the previous growing season select an appropriate fungicide lis ted below. In most cases mildew treatment should begin around the tight cluster stageof bud development. Under extreme mildew pressure treatments can begin earlier. General fungicide treatments for powdery mildew will also control apple scab.

► Nova 40 W 340 g Only 4 applications of this product are recommended yearly for proper resistance management.


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Tight Cluster-Bud Separation 15

Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

Powdery Mildew ► Sovran 50 WG 240-450 g Do not make more than 2 sequential applications or more than 4 applications per year of Sovran or Flint then alternate with 2applications of a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply at 10 to14 day intervals using the shorter interval for periods ofrapid shoot growth. Use the 240 g rate for low to moderate disease pressure and 450 g for high to extreme disease pressure.

► Flint 50 WG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications of Flint or Sovran. Do not apply more than 4 times per season.

► Pristine WG 1.0-1.2 kg Do not apply more than 4 times per year. Use high rate under high disease pressure.

► Fontelis S 1-1.5 L Use high rate when disease pressure is high. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of adifferent chemical family. Maximum seasonal use rate 4.5 L.

► Luna Tranquility SC 600 mL Apply with a minimum water volume of 500 L/ha. Do not exceed 4 applicat ions or 3.2 L/ha/season. Do not make more than 2sequential applications. Will also control apple scab when used at a rate of 800 mL/ha.

► Microscopic

Sulphur

Kumulus

92 G

DF

19.50 kg

22.50 kg

Do not apply within 30 days of an oil treatment. Do not apply if high temperatures (26º C+) and humidity prevail or are expectedduring the three days following application. Do not use on Delicious. Usage may result in elevated populations of red mite andscale.

Winter Moth Assess larvae at this stage and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #8 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Spotted TentiformLeafminer

Assess adult activity at this time and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 21. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

European Red Mite Assess winter eggs on twigs and bark. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #6 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Superior Oil

PuresprayGreen Spray Oil

70 sec

15 E

65 L

65 L

Best results are obtained when applied with a high volume of water 1,500 to 3,370 L/ha. Do not apply oil during freezingtemperatures or just following a frost. Check compatibility with fungicide. May cause bark injury on Red Delicious and Empire.

Solupacks-Many pesticides have been packed into sol upacks, but beware that these may not dissolve pro perly in the presence of oil , boron or chlorine in the spray tank.

BUD SEPARATION

App le Scab Use one of the following listed fungicides.

► Allegro 500F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make nomore than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure andon more susceptible cultivars.


80 DF80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application.

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 1.08-2.25 kg Compatible with oil. Use high rate for high disease pressure and low rate low disease pressure. For missed infection periods,apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of infection period start. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicidesthat are not in the M group.


75 DG75 DF75 DF

6.00 kg6.00 kg6.00 kg

Compatible with oil.

► Polyram 80 DF 6.00 kg Compatible with oil. Do not mix with liquid fertilizer or hydrated lime.


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Bud Separation 16

Disease and Insects Produc ts Formulation Rate per ha Notes

Apple Scab ► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply at 7-12 day intervals from green tip to petal fall. Do not apply post bloom. Do not apply more than 6.0 L per hectare ormore than 4 applications in a row. Apply in a minimum spray volume of 1000 L/ha.

► Vangard 75 WG 190 g Apply as a protectant spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications alone. Do not apply more than 6times per season. Do not apply more than 1.5 kg/ha of Vangard per season. Avoid drift onto cherries. For added protection and

resistance management tank mix with one of the following: Polyram DF,Manzate 200 DF or Dithane DG at full rate.► Nova

+ Dithaneor Polyramor Maestro

40 WDGDF80DF

340 g3.00 kg3.00 kg1.90 kg

Only 4 applications of this product are recommended yearly for proper resistance management. If an infection period is missed,apply Nova at 340 g/ha as soon as possible after the infection period and within 96 hours of the start of the infection period;follow this with a second application 7 days later. This product should be tank-mixed with Dithane, Polyram or Maestro forresistance management.

► Inspire SC 292 mL Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications for proper resistance management. For added protection apply as a tank mixwith one of the following, Maestro, Captan Supra, Dithane, Manzate, Penncozeb, or Vangard. Do not apply more than 1.6 L/season.


► Flint 50 WG 140-175 g Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications of Flint or Sovran. Do not apply more than 4 times per season.

► Sovran 50 WG 180-360 g Do not make more than 2 sequential applications of Sovran then alternate with 2 applications of a fungicide with a different modeof action. Do not apply more than 4 times per season. Apply at 10 to14 day intervals using the shorter interval for periods of

rapid shoot growth. Use the 360 gram rate during heavy infection periods . The 180 g rate is suggested as a protectant sprayonly. Do not exceed the maximum season use rate of 1.8 kg/ha per season.

Caution: spray drift can be phototoxic to some sweet cherry cultivars.

► Luna Tranquility SC 800 mL Apply with a minimum water volume of 500 L/ha. Do not exceed 4 applications or 3.2 L/ha/season. Do not make more than 2sequential applications. Will also control powdery mildew.

► Senator+ Captan

70 WP80 WP

625 g2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. If Benomyl resistance hasbeen detected this product may be ineffective.

Powdery Mildew Use one of the fungicides listed for 15 mm Green Tip to Tight Cluster.

Fruitworm If treating winter moth or green pug moth, a separate treatment for fruitworm would not be necessary at this time.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Do not mix with alkaline materials.

Winter Moth

Green Pug Moth Green pug moth seldom needs treatment. Contact an IPM advisor for advice on control of this pest.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L Application timing is tight cluster to full pink. Confirm will also suppress green pug moth, pale apple leafroller and leafminerlarvae.

► Intrepid 240 F 0.75 L Application timing is tight cluster to full pink. Intrepid will also suppress green pug moth, pale apple leafroller and leafminerlarvae.

► Dipel+ Ripcord

2X DF400 EC

280 g12.5 mL

Application timing is late tight cluster to early pink. More effective on early instar caterpillars.

Less disruptive to predatory mites than other synthetic pyrethroids. Only one application per year.


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Bud Separation-Pink 17


Winter Moth ► Green Pug Moth

Bioprotec+ Ripcord

CAF400 EC

700 mL12.5 mL

Application timing is late tight cluster to early pink.

Less disruptive to predatory mites than other synthetic pyrethroids. Only one application per year.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Do not mix with strongly alkaline materials.

► MatadorWarrior

120 EC 83 mL Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be avoided. Ripcord is somewhat lessdisruptive to predatory mites while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic pyrethroids.

Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20°C because their activity is greatly reduced.

► Ripcord 400 EC 125 mL

► Decis 5.0 EC 150 mL

► Pounce 384 EC 260 mL

Rosy Apple Aphid Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Assail 70 WP 80 -120 g Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

► Actara 25 WG 160 g Only make one prebloom application with a maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres ofwater is recommended for standard trees. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees arevisiting the treatment area.

► Calypso 480 SC 145-290 mL Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

► Beleaf 50 SG 120-160 g Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of480 g. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

► Closer SC 100-200 mL Do not apply when bloom is present or when flowering weeds are present. Do not apply more than twice per year.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 ml Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

PINK

App le Scab Use one of the fungicides listed under bud separation.



18/30

Pink-Bloom 18


Mites Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two-spotted mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite. Apply onlyonce per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Apollo 500 SC 300-600 mL One application per year. Longer protection will be obtained when applied at the Calyx stage of fruit development.

Rosy Apple Aphid Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php


► Actara 25 WG 160 g Only make one prebloom application with a maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres ofwater is recommended for standard trees. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees arevisiting the treatment area.




► Movento 240 SC 365-435 ml Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

ObliquebandedLeafroller

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet 16. Leafrollers are often controlled by pesticides that are applied at this time of year for more serious insect pests. If aspecific treatment is required to control a high overwintering population of leafroller then select one of the following pesticides.

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Apply when overwintering larvae are active and before they roll up in leaves. Pink through petal fall.

► Delegate WG 210-420 g Use high rate for high insect pressure or large larvae. Application timing same as above.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00L Maximum of 4 applications per season. If split application is used (0.5 L/ha), apply second application 10 to 14 days after theinitial treatment.

► Success 480 SC 182 mL Apply with a sufficient volume of water to thoroughly wet foliage. Repeat application in 10 to 14 days if monitoring indicates.Do not apply more than three times per season for leafroller control . Do not apply more than 546 mL of product per year.

BLOOM

App le Scab If possible, avoid all sprays during bloom. Otherwise, use only bee-safe fungicides (not Polyram) and apply at night. Use one of the recommended fungicides listed under Pink.

Insects DO NOT USE INSECTICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Mites DO NOT USE MITICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Pollination Place bee hives (2-3 per hectare) in orchards at 10% bloom.

Wild Apple Trees Flag during bloom for later removal to help with apple maggot control.

Fire Blight Use CougarBlight or Maryblyt™ predict ion models to determine the risk of fire blight infections during the bloom period. See next page for product choices when risk is high.


19/30

Bloom-Caylx 19


Fire Blight ► Streptomycin 17 600g/1,000 L Apply prior to a wetting period when there is a high risk of infection. Most effective when applied as a dilute spray and not in atank mix. Re-application is needed in two to three days if warm wet conditions (20ºC) prevail. Do not apply more than threetimes per season.

► BlightBan C9-1 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a second application at full bloom.

Copper-based products are incompatible with BlightBan.

► Bloomtime Biological 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a second application at full bloom.Copper-based products are incompatible with Bloomtime.

► BlossomProtect

WG 1 package Rate is based upon 2 m canopy height. Apply up to 5 times based upon Maryblyt™ risk of infection. Apply with 1000L of water.

CALYX

App le Scab Use one of the recommended fungicides listed for Pink.


Winter MothFruitworms

Assess and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheets #8 and #14 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. Pre-bloom treatments of Confirm for winter moth or leafrollermay have an impact on fruitworm. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg

App le Leaf rol lers Assess at this time for Pale apple, Obliquebanded, Fruittree or Threelined leafroller. These leafrollers are often adequately controlled by treatments for other larval insects.

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Apply when overwintering larvae are active and before they roll up in leaves. Pink through petal fall.

► Delegate WG 210-420 g Use high rate for high insect pressure or large larvae. Application timing same as above.

► Success 480 SC 182 mL Do not apply more than 546 mL of product per year.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L

► Intrepid 240 F 0.75 L Application timing is late bloom to early petal fall.

► Matador/Warrior 120 EC 83 mL Ripcord is somewhat less disruptive to predatory mites, while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful syntheticpyrethroids. Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs and therefore should be avoided. Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids

when temperatures rise above 20°C as their activity is greatly reduced.► Ripcord 400 EC 125 mL


Mites Assess active mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached. Apollo will not control apple rust mite, which is generally considered a good food source forpredatory mites.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two spotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Apollo 500 SC 300-600 mL Apply within14 days of petal fall. One applicat ion per year.

► Agri-Mek+ Superior Oil

1.9 EC70 sec

750 mL+ 10 L

Works best if applied just after petal fall. May cause russeting on Golden Delicious and other light-skinned varieties. Do notapply with Captan or with in 14 days of a Captan application. Do not apply more than once per season. Apply with aminimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

► Envidor 240 SC 750 mL Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages andadult females.


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Caylx 20


Mites ► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with aminimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Rosy Apple Aphid Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10- “Thresholds for Rosy Apple Aphids in Nova Scotia”, or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production.http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Actara 25 WG 160 g A maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of water is recommended for standard trees.Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Admire/Al ias 240 FLO 230 mL Will also control green aphid and white apple leafhopper. Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume ofwater. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.





► Clutch 50 WDG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 applicat ions per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid and white

apple leafhopper. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 mL Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

Stinging Bugs Assess as close to petal fall as possible. Consult with crop advisor as pesticides applied at this time of year for other pests may provide control of stinging bugs.

► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 380 mL Will also control green aphid and white apple leafhopper. Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume ofwater. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

► Calypso 480 SC 145-290 Apply for mullein bug when nymphs have reached an economic threshold. Second application may be required 7 to 14 dayslater if there is extended emergence.

► Ripcord 400 EC 250 mL Pyrethroids are less toxic to New Zealand typhs and are rated as 1 (least toxic). Ripcord and Cymbush are less disruptive topredatory mites, while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthet ic pyrethroids. Pyrethroids are disruptive toIPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be avoided.

Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20°C as their activity is greatly reduced►

Matador

Warrior120 EC 83 mL



21/30

Caylx-First Cover 21


White AppleLeafhopper

Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 19. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 200 mL Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of water to obtain uniform coverage for optimal control.


► Calypso 480 FLO 145-290 Apply once threshold has been reached.

► Clutch 50 WDG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control Rosy and green aphid.Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Sevin XLR Plus 2.30 L Unless thinning of apples is desired, do not use within 30 days of full bloom.

European AppleSawfly

Treat as a special spray where there has been a history of damage

► Assail 70 WP 120-240 g Adequate spray coverage is required for optimal control. Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times ayear or exceed 960 g of product per season

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Apply at late petal. In mixed blocks do not apply to those cultivars still in bloom. Use higher rates for greater pest populationsand/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of 875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage isessential for optimum control.

FIRST COVER

App le Scab Use one of the recommended fungicides listed under Pink.

Codling Moth Hang pheromone traps at this time (1 trap per 2 hectares). Approximate date June 10.

Mites Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for twospotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/ 2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.


1.9 EC70 sec

750 mL10 L

Works best if applied within 14 days of petal fall. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application. May cause russeting onGolden Delicious and other light-skinned varieties. Do not apply with Captan or within 14 days of a Captan application. Donot apply more than once per season. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

►

Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of twospotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages butnot eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application perseason.


► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with aminimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

► Carzol 92 SP 1.10 kg Broad spectrum, not recommend for IPM. Will also control leaf hopper at this time. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.


22/30

Second Cover-Codling Moth Decision Table 22


SECOND COVER

App le Scab Use one of the recommended fungicides listed for Pink.

Codling Moth Rates can be adjusted (except for Confirm & Intrepid) according to trap captures (See Codling Moth Decision Table, below)

► Altacor 35 WG 145-215 g Apply just prior to first egg hatch (80-100 degree days after the biofix date). Apply with a minimum of 450 L/ha. Watchnewsletter for timing.

► Rimon 10 EC .93-1.4 L Apply with 1000 L of water. Apply at 100 degree days after biofix just prior to or after egg laying. Use the lower rate on treesthat are less than 3 m in height and the higher rate on trees 3 m and larger in height. See label for adjusting rates based uponvolume of water per hectare.

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Apply during peak egg laying or just prior to egg hatch. Use low rate for low to moderate pest pressure.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Donot apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

► Intrepid 240 F 1.0 L Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Donot apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

► Delegate WG 420 g Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Donot apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

► Assail 70 WP 120-240 g Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Target 3% egg hatch based on degree days.

Codling Moth Decision Table

Cumulative Codling Moth Trap Capture Percent of Full Crop

10-20% 21-50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

10-19 - 1/4 rate - - - - -

20-39 - 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate - -

40-99 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate

100-199 1/2 rate 1/2 rate 1/2 rate 1/2 rate 1/2 rate 1/2 rate 1/2 rate


23/30

Third Cover 23


THIRD COVER

App le Scab Depending on primary scab season length and freedom from primary infections, rates of broad spectrum fungicides may be reduced. Use one of the following listed fungicides.


80 DF80 WDG

1.90-3.75 kg Do not mix with strongly alkaline materials without adjusting pH.

► Allegro 500 F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Makeno more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressureand on more susceptible cultivars.

► Senator+ Captan

70 WP80 WP

625 g2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. If Benomyl resistance hasbeen detected this product may be ineffective.

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 2.25 kg Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

► Polyram 80 DF 4.5-6.00 kg


75 DG75 DF75 DF

5.00-6.00 kg

► Allegro 500 F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make

no more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressureand on more susceptible cultivars.

App le Maggot Hang traps in early July. Monitoring traps will determine when first maggot flies appear and when control is needed. It is recommended that yellow cards be replaced after 30 daysof field exposure.


► Surround WP 25-50 kg Make 2 applications 7 days before expected egg laying or at first trap captures. Continue applications every 7-14 days to keepfruit completely covered until late August. Base rates on tree-row-volume.

► Calypso 480 SC 440 mL Apply based upon trap captures.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Consult with crop advisor on reduced rates.

European Red,Two- Spotted andRust Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached. Apple rust mite is generally considered a good food source for predatory mites and treatment isrecommended only when populations are high enough to significantly stress foliage. If treatment is required for rust mite only, miticide rates can be reduced.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for twospotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Carzol 92 SP 1.10 kg Broad spectrum, not recommended for IPM programs and it is very harsh on typhs. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solut ion.



24/30

Fourth Cover 24


Mites ► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with aminimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

► Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of two-spotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages butnot eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one applicat ion perseason.

Codling Moth Rates (except Confirm & Intrepid) may be reduced according to the Codling Moth Decision Table found in Second Cover. Generally, a second treatment is only needed after 10 ormore moths have been trapped following the first treatment. Treatments (except Surround) for apple maggot at this time would also control codling moth.



► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Use low rate for low to moderate pest pressure.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L

► Intrepid 240 F 1.00 L

► Delegate WG 420 g Do not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare.

FOURTH COVER

Eyespotted BudMoth

May also be controlled by organophosphates targeted at other pests during this time.

Spotted TentiformLeafminer

Monitor and assess mines for parasitism, refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 21. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

App le Scab Use a fungicide listed under Third Cover.

Scooty BlotchFly Speck

Use a fungicide that controls apple scab as well as sooty blotch and fly speck.

App le Maggot Clean out or replace traps after first treatment. Monitoring traps will determine when and if additional control is needed.


► Surround WP 25-50 kg Continue applications every 7-14 days to keep fruit completely covered until late August. Base rates on tree row volume.

► Calypso 480 SC 440 mL Apply based upon trap captures.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Consult with crop advisor on reduced rates.

European Red andTwospotted Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two-spotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Carzol 92 SP 1.10 kg Broad spectrum, not recommend for IPM. Very harsh on typhs. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

► Envidor 240 SC 750 mL Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stagesand adult females.

► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with aminimum of 1000 L of water/ha.


25/30

August to November 25

Disease andInsects

Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

► Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of two-spotted spider mite. Effective against immature stagesbut not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one applicationper season.

Codling Moth Treat as in Third Cover if captures warrant.



White AppleLeafhopper

Asses at this time. Carzol treatments for mites will also control leafhopper. Treat when population reaches an average of one nymph per leaf based on a 100 leaf count.


► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 200 mL Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

► Calypso 480 SC 145-290 mL Use high rate under heavy pressure.

► Clutch 50 WDG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid. Toxic tobees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Sevin XLR 1.20 L

AUGUST to NOVEMBER

Leaf Tissue Anal ysi s Collect samples the first week of August.

Storage Rots Preharvest controls should only be necessary in wet seasons and/or when summer disease control was inadequate.

► Scala SC 1.5-2.0 L/ha Apply a single application 2 weeks prior to harvest for control of botrytis and suppression of penicillium. Use higher rate if thereis a history of high disease pressure in the orchard or storage.

► CaptanMaestro

80 WP80 DF

1.90-3.75 kg2.00-4.00 kg

Storage Rots -Postharvest Control

Control of blue and grey mold.

► Scholar 50 WP 600 g/1000L Post harvest dip (blue and grey mold)

► Mertect SC 1 L/ 1000L Post harvest dip.

Mice Assess and treat when populations warrant.

► Ramik Brown 2 X 11 kg Apply after harvestable fruit has been removed. Make 2 applications at 11 kg/ha 20-40 days apart, no later than March 1. Postareas. Make inaccessible to children, pets and wildlife.

► RozolGroundforce

11.00-11.25kg

Repeat application in 20-60 days where infestation is high.

► Zinc PhosphideBait

4.5-9.0 kg Apply in early fall or prior to snow. Base broadcast rate on infestation levels, or use 25 bait stations/ha of 15 g each.


26/30

Dormant-Blossom Bud Exposed 26

Pear Orchard Management Schedule 2013/2014

A guide to insect, mite and disease management in Nova Scotia pear orchards

- All rates are per hectare of mature(“standard”) trees or full dilute volume of about 3370 litres of water /ha. To adjust for smaller trees and higher density plantings, refer to Tree Row Volume factsheet TF92002.-All rates are based on label rates. In some cases, reduced rates can be used based on factors other than tree size. Please refer to specific notes or your agricultural advisor for details.-Always read the label before using any pesticide. Where differences between the label and this schedule occur, label information prevails


Dormant

Pear Leaf Blis ter Mite

► Sevin XLR Plus FLO 2.3 L Oil for Psylla control would also control blister mite.

Pear PsyllaEuropean Red Mite

Start checking in early April when day time temperatures are near 10ºC for the presence of adults and egg laying activity

►

►

Superior Oil

Purespray Green

Spray Oil

70 sec

13 E

65 L

65 L

Apply late dormant season when first adults are observed on a sunny day. Good coverage isessential; use a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. 3000 L of water will provide the best

results. Check 10 to 14 days following treatment for signs of new egg laying and the need toapply a second treatment. Pear leaf blister mite would also be controlled.

SCALE SEPARATION

Pear Scab

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 3.25 kg Compatible with oil. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply on a 7-12 day interval. Use higher rate to achieve maximum kickback activity. Do not usemore than four times for scab control.


80 DF80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not apply immediately before or closelyfollowing an oil spray. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

► Senator+ Captan

70 WP80 WP

625 g200 kg

Senator must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance; do not combine with alkalinepesticides. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.


BLOSSOM BUD EXPOSED to TIGHT CLUSTER

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 3.25 kg Compatible with oil. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

► Flint 50 WG 140 g Do not apply more than 4 applications in total of Flint and Sovran.

► Sovran 50 WG 240 g Increase rate to 360 g/ha for high to extreme disease pressure.



27/30

Blossom Bud Exposed-Bloom 27


BLOSSOM BUD EXPOSED to TIGHT CLUSTER

Pear Scab

► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply on a 7-12 day interval. Use higher rate to achieve maximum kickback activity. Do not usemore than four times for scab control . Do not use post bloom.

► Nova 40 W 360 g Do not make more than 6 applications per year. For resistance management Nova should betank mixed with a half rate of Captan or Maestro

► Inspire EC 292 g Can be used until primary scab season is complete. For resistance management Inspire shouldbe tank mixed with a half rate of Captan or Maestro

► Fontelis SU 1 -1.5 L Apply on a 7 to 10 day interval. Use higher rate and shorter interval when disease pressure ishigh. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of adifferent grouping. Maximum yearly applications 4.5 L.

► Senator+ Captan

70 WP80 WP

625 g200 kg



80 DF80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not apply immediately before or closelyfollowing an oil spray. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

FULL WHITE

Pear Scab Use a fungicide listed for scab under Blossom Bud Exposed to Tight Cluster.

Winter Moth and Fruit Worm

► Al tacor 35 WG 145-285 g Use the higher rate under heavy pest pressure. Do not make more than 3 applicat ions perseason. Allow for at least 10 days between applications.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Alternative materials to the organophosphates are the synthetic pyrethroids and Dipel.

► Dipel

Bioprotec

2X DF

CAF

1.1-1.7 kg

2.8-4.0 L

Best results are obtained when applied in the evening. Two applications 5-7 days apart may berequired to obtain control.

Pear Rust Mite Control to avoid russet fruit at harvest.

► Envidor 240 SC 0.75 L Only one application per growing season

BLOOM

Fire Blight ► Streptomycin 17 600g/1,000 L Apply prior to a wetting period when there is a high risk of infection. Most effective whenapplied as a dilute spray and not in a tank mix. Re-application is needed in two to three days ifwarm wet conditions (20ºC) prevail. Do not apply more than three times per season.

► BlightBan C9-1 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by asecond application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with BlightBan.

► Bloomtime Biological 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by asecond application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with Bloomtime.

► Blossom Protect WG 1 package Rate is based upon 2 m canopy height. Apply up to 5 times based upon Maryblyt™ risk ofinfection. Apply with 1000 L of water.


28/30

Calyx 28



Insec ts DO NOT USE INSECTICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Pollination Pear bloom is not highly attractive to bees therefore the number of hives per hectare should be high (3-4 per hectare) and should be placed in the orchard at 25%bloom.

CALYX


Winter Moth and Fruit Worm

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Use the higher rate under heavy pest pressure. Do not make more than 3 applicat ions perseason. Allow for at least 10 days between applications.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Alternative materials to the organophosphates are the synthetic pyrethroids and Dipel.

► Dipel

Bioprotec

2X DF

CAF

1.1-1.7 kg

2.8-4.0 L

Best results are obtained when applied in the evening. Two applications 5-7 days apart may berequired to obtain control.

Pear Psylla


1.9 EC70 sec

750-1500 mL10 L

May cause injury to d’Anjou and other sensitive varieties. Do not use within 14 days of aCaptan or Maestro application. Do not exceed 2 applications or 1.5 L per ha per season. Applywith a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. Will also control mites.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 mL Do not use more than 1.8L/ha per season. Must be tank mixed with an adjuvant. Do not applyonce fruit has formed to avoid fruit damage.

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Apply when population is at early instar stage. Use higher rate when pest pressure is high.

► Nexter WP 600-720 g Restrict applications to no more than 2 per year for resistance management. Will also controlmites.

► Assail 70 WP 67-240 g Use the high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed atotal of 960 g of product per season.

► Actara 25 WG 315-385 g Apply immediately after petal fall. Toxic to bees. Will also control plum curculio at this time. Donot apply more than 2 times in a growing season.

► Clutch 50 WDG 280-420 g Do not do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid. Toxic to bees and shouldnot be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Matador 120 EC 83 mL

Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should beused cautiously. Failure to control psylla with a pyrethroid may be related to resistance and ifsuspected select one of the newer insecticides registered for psylla.

► Pounce 384 EC 520 mL

► Ripcord 400 EC 250 mL



29/30

First Cover – Cover Sprays 29


European Red and

Pear Rust Mite


1.9 EC70 sec

750-1500 mL10 L

May cause injury to d’Anjou and other sensitive varieties. Do not use within 14 days of aCaptan or Maestro application. Do not exceed 2 applications or 1.5 L per ha per season. Applywith a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. Will also contro l psylla.

► Apollo 500 SC 300-600 mL Apply within 14 days of petal fall when mite populations are predominantly in the egg stage. Willcontrol European red and two spotted mite but not rust mite. One application per year.

► Envidor 240 SC 0.75 L Post-bloom applications only. Do not apply more than once per year. Apply with a minimum of1000 L of water per hectare.

► Kanemite 15 SC 2.10 L Is not effective on rust mites.

► Nexter WP 300-600 g Use higher rates for two spotted spider mites where mite pressure is above the threshold.

FIRST COVER

Pear Scab Use a fungicide listed for scab under Scale Separation.

Pear Psylla Same as Calyx

European Red and Pear RustMite

Same as Calyx

Pear Leaf Blis ter Mite

► Sevin XLR Plus 2.3 L

Codling Moth Hang pheromone traps at this time (1 trap per 2 hectares). Approximate date June 10.

COVER SPRAYS

Pear Scab

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 2.25 kg For a missed infection period, apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of the start of infection period.Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.


80 DF80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

► Fontelis SU 1 -1.5 L Apply on a 7 to 10 day interval. Use higher rate and shorter interval when disease pressure is

high. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of adifferent grouping. Maximum yearly applications 4.5 L.

► SenatorCaptan

70 WP80 WP

625 g200 kg


Pear Psylla Treat only when it becomes a problem, use insecticide listed under Calyx. Check days to harvest on labels.


30/30

Cover Sprays 30


European Red, Two Spottedand Rust Mite

► Envidor 240 SC 0.75 L Post-bloom applications only. Do not apply more than once per year. Apply with a minimum of1000 L of water per hectare.

► Kanemite 15 SC 2.10 L Is not effective on rust mites.

► Kelthane 35 WP 4.5 kg

► Carzol 92 SP 1.10 kg Broad spectrum, not recommended for IPM program. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

► Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the high end of rate range to control high populations of twospotted spider mite. Effectiveagainst immature stages but not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare.For resistance management limit use to one application per season.

Codling Moth Rates can be adjusted according to trap captures (See Codling Moth Table, in Second Cover of the Apple Guide page)

► Altacor 145-215 g

► Assail 70 WP 120-240 g Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g ofproduct per season.

► Calypso 480 FL 290-440 L Apply at peak egg laying and prior to hatch. Use lower rate for low to moderate infestations.► Delegate WG 420 g Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and

possibly again in 14-21 days. Do not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watchnewsletter for timing.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Target at 3% egg hatch based on degree days.

orchard management schedule 2013-14.pdf

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