Ongoing CCATT-BRAMS and WRF-Chem work at INPE

M Bela, K Longo, S Freitas, D Moreira, M Alonso, R Mello

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• CCATT-BRAMS/WRF-Chem work status• WRF wet season meteorological evaluation for Amazonia• Intercomparison tool• CCATT-BRAMS new implementations• Regional and vertical O3 distribution• BARCA data regional representativeness

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CCATT-BRAMS/WRF-Chem work status

CCATT-BRAMS WRF-ChemMeteorology

Land-cover dataUpdated land use, soil type and NDVI (PROVEG and RADAMBRASIL, MODIS 2001/2003, LBA data)

Updated land use (PROVEG), greenfrac/albedo based on NDVI (MODIS 2001/2003)

Vegetation and soil parametrizations

Biophysical parameters updated for tropical and sub-tropical biomes - LBA data

Evaluation of bophysical parameters in progress

Soil moisture Daily soil moisture initialization data from an offline model tuned for tropics

Evaluation of offline soil moisture initialization in progress

Heat/radiation fluxes

Corrected with sensitivity test of land-surface and aerosol parametrizations Evaluation in progress

Cumulus parametrization

Grell-Devenyi ensemble with trigger function based on PBL TKE, shallow convection scheme

Needs evaluation Testing of Grell 3 scheme (subsidence spreading)

Chemistry Initial/boundary conditions

MOCAGE - poor results GEMS - needs evaluation Testing SHADOZ Obs. prof. for O3

Needs work - uses mid-latitude Northern-Hemisphere profiles

Chemical mechanism RACM RACM

Aerosol mechanismSmoke aerosol MADE-SORGAM, GOCART - need evaluation

AdvectionNew scheme (monotonic, conservative, positive definite) Positive definite, monotonic

Radiative feedback Direct/semi-direct effect Direct/indirect effect

Climatological optical properties from AERONET Optical properties need to be checked

Emissions Biomass burning, biogenic, urban with updated S. America inventory

Biomass burning, biogenic, urban with updated S. America inventory

Sensitivity tests - biomass burning Sensitivity tests - biomass burning

CO2/CH4CCATT-BRAMS JULES 2-way coupling

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Updated Vegetation Map

USGS + PROVEG (INPE)Amazonia 1km Landsat 1999-2000

USGS Land Cover V.2Global 1km AVHRR 1992-93

Green: Evergreen broadleaf forest (rainforest)Blue-green: Savanna (cerrado)Light blue: Grassland (pasture) 4

Updated Greenness Fraction (f(NDVI,vegtyp))

From MODIS NDVI 30s (1992-1993)NCEP 0.144º (1985-1993)

January climatology

Typical values: 0.5-0.6 for pasture, 0.8-0.9 for forest (Freitas)5

Updated Albedo (f(greenfrac,vegtyp))January climatology

Typical values: 0.18-0.22 for pasture, 0.11-0.13 for forest (von Randow et al., 2002)

From MODIS NDVI 30s (1992-1993)NCEP 0.144º (1985-1993)

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Wet Season Meteorological Evaluation for AmazoniaRuns (Wet Season Jan-Mar 2002):

WRF and BRAMS basic configurationsWRF updated land-surface data (LSD)

WRF LSD + GPCP soil moistureWRF LSD + GPCP + Grell 3 convection

30km10km

Rebio Jarú (Forest)

Fazenda Nossa Senhora(Pasture)

Observations: Surface Met Stations (3hr T, q, u, v, precip)

LBA Flux Towers (30 min H, LH, Rn)AERONET (2 min Sin)

2D Precipitation: TRMM (3hr), GPCP (daily)

WRF configuration:Boundary/initial conditions: ECMWFRadiation: RRTM LW, Goddard SWLand Surface: NoahMicrophysics: 5-class mixed-phaseConvection: Grell-Devenyi ensemble, Grell 3

(subsidence spreading)

BARCA Experiment Region

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Wet Season Diurnal FluxesJarú (Floresta) FNS (Pasture)

WRF Model: 1 Jan - 31 Mar 2002Observations: Feb - Mar 1999, Jan - Mar

2000 (von Randow et al., 2004)

Rn HLH

⎯ ObservedX WRF base case* WRF new surface data

Rn HLH

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Soil Moisture Initialization (0-0.1 m)

Surface Soil Moisture (0-0.1m) 15/12/2001ECMWF 6hr 0.5° GPCP daily 1°

• ECMWF land-surface model assumes uniform soil type (sandy loam)• 2002 Met. Testing: GPCP daily 1° offline model with precipitation assimilation• BARCA: GPNR global daily 0.25° resolution offline model, used operationally for CCATT-BRAMS soil moisture initialization

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Reformulation of tracer transport within CCATT‐BRAMS

• new advection scheme (monotonic, conservative, small diffusion)• all transport terms (convection, diffusion, advection, plume rise) and emissions/deposition/chemistry use now the true air density instead of the basic state air density

CCATT-BRAMS & JULEStwo-way coupling

CATT-BRAMS => JULES: wind field,temperature, precipitation and radiationJULES => CCATT-BRAMS: CO2, CH4,H e LE

CCATT-BRAMS new implementations

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Upgraded urban emission inventory for SA

Urban emissions footprint for O3

Still needs evaluation for N-NE cities (including Manaus) and maybe improvements.

Colombia

Example for October 2007

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BARCA A vs. B

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Regional O3 Distribution

BARCA A 14 Nov - 2 Dec 20080 - 1.5 km

BARCA B 15 - 28 May 20090 - 1.5 km

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Regional O3 Distribution

BARCA A 14 Nov - 2 Dec 20081.5 - 3 km

BARCA B 15 - 28 May 20091.5 - 3 km

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Regional O3 Distribution

BARCA A 14 Nov - 2 Dec 20083 – 4.5 km

BARCA B 15 - 28 May 20093 – 4.5 km

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Regional O3 vertical distribution BARCA A

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Regional O3 vertical distribution BARCA B

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Regional O3 vertical distribution

BARCA A x BARCA B

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BARCA observations x CCATT-BRAMS operational model

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