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On the Road to Sustainable Mobility Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
Michael Schweizer Product Management – Advanced Product Planning Mercedes-Benz USA
November 4, 2009
1. Daimler’s Vision & Strategy
Global Trends
Law / Legislation
Low Carbon Fuel
Standard
ZEV
CAFE
London City Congestion Charge
MBUSA – Product Management Slide 2
Advanced Product Planning
Limited Resources
E.g.: Oil Price
1950 20502000
20
$/barrel
40 60 80
100
?
Creeping Mobility
Megacities Top 5 Ranking
London 6,5
New York 5,5
Tokio 5,2
Paris 4,0
Berlin 2,4
1900 2003 2015
Source: Bronger (1996)
Tokio 35,0
Mexico City 18,7
New York 18,3
Sao Paulo 17,9
Bombay 17,4
Tokio 36,2
Bombay 22,6
Delhi 20,9
Mexico City 20,6
Sao Paulo 20,0
06/08: ∼ $136
1. Daimler’s Vision & Strategy
Daimler’s Technology Portfolio for a Sustainable Mobility
Slide 3 MBUSA – Product Management Advanced Product Planning
Emission free driving with fuel cells and battery vehicles
Optimizing our vehicles with modern conventional powertrains
Hybridization for further increase in
efficiency
Energy for future mobility
Clean fuels for combustion engines Emission free driving
HYBRID Range Extender Plug-In
BlueEFFICIENCY
CGI BlueTec DIESOTTO Fuel Cell Veh. Battery-/E-Drive
NGT
3
H2
25
75
125
Technology Change
1. Daimler’s Vision & Strategy
Total Energy Balance – Well-to-wheel Classification Fuel Cell: long range (> 250 mi), short refueling time (3 min), cars/vans/trucks
Battery: ideal in small cars for city traffic (50 – 100 mi), overnight recharging
200 Internal Combustion Engines
175
GasolineHybrid 150 Fuel Cell (Diesel) Diesel (Fueled by 100%
GH
G* E
mis
sion
s [g
CO
2eq/
km]
Hybrid H2 from fossil sources) (Gasoline)
100 Fuel Cell (PI) (Fueled by 100%
renewable electricity) Battery electric vehicle (Fueled by 100%Battery electric vehicle 50 electricity from EU-Mix) (Fueled by 100%
renewable electricity) Fuel Cell (Fueled by 100%
renewable H2) 10 20 30 40 60 70 80 110 120 130 160 170 180 210 220140150 190200 2302400 50 90 100
Source: EUCAR/CONCAWE "Well-to-Wheels Report 2004"; Optiresource, 2006 Reference vehicle class: VW Golf Energy Consumption Well to Wheel [MJ/100km]
*GHG: Green House Gas MBUSA – Product Management
Slide 4 Advanced Product Planning
1. Daimler’s Vision & Strategy
Optimal Mobility Scenarios – Call for an Innovative Powertrain Portfolio
Long Distance Interurban Urban
Combustion Engine
Hybridization
Plug-In/Range Extender
Battery Drive
Prinzipielle Einsetzbarkeit von Elektroantrieben in verschiedenen Fahrzeugklassen Fuel Cell
¾ Only fuel cell technology is suited equally for both, short and long distance mobility.
MBUSA – Product Management Slide 5
Advanced Product Planning
2. Emission-Free Driving
Daimler’s Fuel Cell Technology Roadmap
Bus
Future Generations
Generation 1 Technology Demonstration
Generation 2 Customer Acceptance
Generation 1 Technology Demonstration
F-Cell
Generation 2 Customer Acceptance
B-Class F-Cell
Generation 3 Cost Reduction I
Generation 4 Market Introduction Cost Reduction II
Passenger CarsLead Application
Generation 5 Mass Production
2004
2010
Sprinter
Future Generations
Generation 1 Technology Demonstration
Generation 2 Customer Acceptance
¾ Daimler is dedicated to commercialize Fuel Cell Vehicles
Slide 6 MBUSA – Product Management Advanced Product Planning
2. Emission-Free Driving
Progress Fuel Cell Technology - Next Generation FCVs
A-Class F-Cell B-Class F-Cell Next generation of the fuel cell-power train:
• Higher stack lifetime (>2000h)
• Increased power • Higher reliability • Freeze start ability • Li-Ion Battery
Consumption Range Size Power - 16% +150% - 40% +30%
[kW
]
[ l/10
0km
[km
]
MBUSA – Product Management Slide 7
Advanced Product Planning
Preliminary Vehicle Deployment PlanningB-Class F-Cell and Subsequent Models
2. Emission-Free Driving
0
x0000
y0000
z0000 Sacramento Region
Bay Area
L.A. Region
0
xx
yy
zz „Tens“ of vehicles
„Ten thousands“ of vehicles
2009 2010 2011 2002-14 2015-17
¾ The order of magnitude presented above is in line with our product strategy
Slide 8 MBUSA – Product Management Advanced Product Planning
2. Emission-Free Driving -The Need for Infrastructure
• All relevant OEMs (engaged in Fuel Cell technology) signed the LoU: a fewhundred thousand (100.000) units over life cycle on a worldwide basisInitiative “H2 Mobility” for Germany as lead market in Europe
• The infrastructure partner pursue a step by step approach to build-up an area-wide H2 infrastructure
Slide 9 MBUSA – Product Management Advanced Product Planning
2. Emission-Free Driving
The signing of the “OEM-LoU“ by several OEMs was one basic prerequisite for the Oil and Energy companies to sign the “Infrastructure-MoU“
OEMs: Letter of Understanding (LoU) Basis „Commitment to the development and
market introduction of Fuel Cell vehicles“ for
• From 2015 onwards a quite significant number of fuel cell vehicles could be commercialized. This number is aimed at a few hundred thousand (100.000) units over life cycle on a worldwide basis.
• In order to ensure a successful market introduction of fuel cell vehicles, this market introduction has to be aligned with the build-up of the necessary hydrogen infrastructure by 2015.
• The network should be built-up from metropolitan areas via corridors into area-wide coverage.
Involved OEMs
Daimler, Ford, GM/Opel, Honda, Hyundai/KIA, the Alliance Renault/Nissan and Toyota
Infrastructure Partner: Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for
„H2 Mobility“
• In Germany 10-25 public fueling stations should be build-up until 2011 by the involved companies within the stimulus package II.
• The build-up of the H2-infrastructure in Germany, as starting point in Europe, will be carried out in 2 steps: 1. Step: Development of a common Business Plan for the build-up of an area-wide infrastructure. The Business plan is the basis for the foundation of a consortium
2. Step: Foundation of a consortium (from approx. 2012 build-up of an area-wide H2 fuelling station network)
Involved companies - Daimler, EnBW, Linde, OMV, Shell, Total und Vattenfall - Neutral facilitator: NOW GmbH
MBUSA – Product Management Slide 10
Advanced Product Planning
2. Emission-Free Driving
H2-infrastructure build up in Germany New fuelling station deployment over time (2010 - 2017)
2013 2015 2017
Slide 11 MBUSA – Product Management Advanced Product Planning
¾ A „Banana“ connecting major western German cities will be the starting point for the hydrogen infrastructure
small mediumlarge
2. Emission-Free Driving
How to Bridge the Gap from Isolated Demonstration Projects to Mass Market Mobility
� OEMs have made substantial investments in fuel cell technology. Fuel cell vehicles are now close to reaching mass market readiness.
� Daimler is committed to developing a substantial retail fuel cell vehicle fleet in California � Daimler and other OEMs need a commitment from others to fund hydrogen fueling infrastructure � Daimler sees California as a global leader in H2 fuel cell vehicle market development � Without a commitment to funding for a sufficient number of H2 fueling stations in California,
Daimler will find it difficult to justify the continuation of its California fuel cell program when resources can be focused on the thriving European H2 program.
¾ Several hundred thousand fuel cell cars in California are possible until the year 2020 – a step towards environment-friendly mobility!
¾ However to reach this goal, a sufficient number of fueling stations is essential.
MBUSA – Product Management Slide 12
Advanced Product Planning