ohio air quality 2017state of ohio air quality calendar year 2017 prepared by division of air...

Ohio Air Quality 2017

Division of Air Pollution Control November 2018

STATE OF OHIO AIR QUALITY

CALENDAR YEAR 2017

PREPARED BY DIVISION OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

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Our Mailing address is:

Ohio EPA, Division of Air Pollution Control

PO Box 1049

Columbus, OH 43216-1049

And we are located at:

Ohio EPA, Division of Air Pollution Control

50 West Town Street, Suite 700

Columbus, OH 43215

Ohio EPA’s web address is:

www.epa.ohio.gov

The Ohio EPA’s general phone number is:

(614) 644-3020

The Division of Air Pollution Control phone number is:

(614) 644-2270

Prepared by:

Jennifer Van Vlerah, Manager, Air Quality Evaluation & Planning

Dave Ambrose , Air Quality Evaluation & Planning Section

Phillip Downey, Air Monitoring & Toxics Section

Erica Fetty Davis, Air Quality Evaluation & Planning Section

Laura Woods, Air Quality Evaluation & Planning Section

Special Acknowledgment

Dave Ambrose has been responsible for preparation of this report for the past 33 years. The staff

at Ohio EPA DAPC wish him well in retirement.

Craig W. Butler, Director John R. Kasich, Governor

http://www.epa.ohio.gov/

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Table of Contents List of Tables ................................................................................................................................... iii List of Figures .................................................................................................................................. iv

Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... v

Executive summary ......................................................................................................................... 1

I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3

A. General .................................................................................................................................. 3

B. Development of the Ohio Air Monitoring System ................................................................ 4

C. Remote Ambient Data System .............................................................................................. 6

D. Data Availability on the Internet ........................................................................................... 7

II. 2017 Air Quality Data Summary Maps .................................................................................... 7

III. Air Quality Trends .................................................................................................................. 20

A. SO2 trends ............................................................................................................................ 20

B. Ozone trends ....................................................................................................................... 21

C. Carbon Monoxide Trends .................................................................................................... 24

IV. 2017 Air Quality Data............................................................................................................. 27

A. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) ...................................................................................... 27

B. Particulate Matter ≤10µm (PM10) ....................................................................................... 29

C. Particulate Matter ≤2.5µm (PM2.5) ..................................................................................... 32

D. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) ............................................................................................................. 39

E. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) ........................................................................................................ 42

F. Carbon Monoxide (CO) ........................................................................................................ 44

G. Ozone (O3) ........................................................................................................................... 46

H. Lead (Pb) .............................................................................................................................. 53

V. Air Toxics Monitoring 2016 .................................................................................................... 55

A. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 55

B. Volatile Organic Compound Sampling and Analysis ........................................................... 56

C. Heavy Metals Sampling and Analysis .................................................................................. 67

D. Heavy Metals Parameters ................................................................................................... 67

VI. Air Quality Index (AQI) ........................................................................................................... 74

VII. 2017 Monitoring Sites ........................................................................................................... 76

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List of Tables Table 1. Violation of National Ambient Air Quality Standards by County 2017 ............................. 1

Table 2. U.S. EPA and Ohio EPA Ambient Air Quality Standards .................................................... 3

Table 3. TSP Summary Statistics ................................................................................................... 28

Table 4. PM10 Summary Statistics ................................................................................................. 30

Table 5. PM2.5 Summary Statistics ................................................................................................ 33

Table 6. PM2.5 Continuous Monitor Data (µ/m3) .......................................................................... 35

Table 7. PM2.5 24-hour 98th Percentile Averages (µ/m3) ............................................................. 37

Table 8. PM2.5 Average of Annual Averages (µ/m3) ...................................................................... 38

Table 9. SO2 Summary Statistics ................................................................................................... 40

Table 10. NO2 Summary Statistics ................................................................................................ 43

Table 11. CO Summary Statistics .................................................................................................. 45

Table 12. O3 1-Hour Summary Statistics ....................................................................................... 47

Table 13. O3 8-Hour Summary Statistics ....................................................................................... 49

Table 14. Three-year Average of 4th High 8-Hour O3 Averages (ppm) .......................................... 51

Table 15. Total days of 8-Hour Ozone Exceedances Statewide and Date of First Seasonal

Exceedance (2008-2017) ............................................................................................................... 52

Table 16. Last Ozone Exceedance Dates 8-Hr Standard (2008-2017) .......................................... 52

Table 17. Lead Summary Statistics ............................................................................................... 54

Table 18. DES VOC Target Compound List For TO-15 Analysis ..................................................... 58

Table 19. VOC Summary of Statewide Canister Data ................................................................... 59

Table 20. VOC Sampling Site Identification .................................................................................. 61

Table 21. Summary of VOC results ............................................................................................... 62

Table 22. Metals Sampling Site Identification .............................................................................. 68

Table 23. Heavy Metals: E. Liverpool - 1 (39-029-0019) ............................................................... 69

Table 24. Heavy Metals: E. Liverpool - 2 (39-029-0020) ............................................................... 69

Table 25. Heavy metals: E. Liverpool - 3 (39-029-0023) ............................................................... 69

Table 26. Heavy Metals: Cleveland - 1 (39-035-0038) .................................................................. 70




Table 30. Heavy Metals: Columbus (39-049-0039) ...................................................................... 71

Table 31. Heavy Metals: Delta (39-051-0001) .............................................................................. 71

Table 32. Heavy Metals: Marion - 1 (39-101-0003) ...................................................................... 72

Table 33. Heavy Metals: Marion - 2 (39-101-0004) ...................................................................... 72

Table 34. Heavy Metals: Marion - 3 (AQS not assigned) .............................................................. 72

Table 35. Heavy Metals: Elmore (39-123-0012) ........................................................................... 73

Table 36. Heavy Metals: Marietta (39-167-0008) ........................................................................ 73

Table 37. Heavy Metals: Canton (39-151-0024) ........................................................................... 73

Table 38. Comparison of AQI Values ............................................................................................ 75

Table 39. Monitoring Network for 2017 ....................................................................................... 77

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List of Figures Figure 1. OEPA District Offices & Local Air Pollution Control Agencies Jurisdictional Boundaries 5

Figure 2. 2017 PM10 High 24-Hour Concentration .......................................................................... 8

Figure 3. 2017 PM2.5 Highest Annual Average Concentration ........................................................ 9

Figure 4. 2017 PM2.5 98th Percentile 24-Hour Concentration...................................................... 10

Figure 5. 2017 SO2 2nd Highest 3-Hour Average Concentration .................................................. 11

Figure 6. 2017 SO2 99th Percentile 1-Hour Concentration ........................................................... 12

Figure 7. 2017 Carbon Monoxide 2nd Highest 8-Hour Concentration ......................................... 13

Figure 8. 2017 Carbon Monoxide 2nd Highest 1-Hour Concentration ......................................... 14

Figure 9. 2017 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Arithmetic Mean Concentration .................................. 15

Figure 10. 2017 Nitrogen Dioxide 98th Percentile 1-Hour Concentration ................................... 16

Figure 11. 2017 Ozone 4th Highest 8-Hour Concentration .......................................................... 17

Figure 12. 2015-2017 Average of the 4th High 8-Hour Averages ................................................. 18

Figure 13. 2015-2017 Lead, Highest 3 Month Rolling Average .................................................... 19

Figure 14. Sulfur Dioxide Trends – Urban Areas (2008-2017) ...................................................... 20

Figure 15. Sulfur Dioxide Trends – All Sites (2008-2017).............................................................. 20

Figure 16. 2nd Highest 1-Hr Ozone in Urban Areas (1) .................................................................. 22

Figure 17. 2nd Highest 1-Hr Ozone in Urban Areas (2) .................................................................. 22

Figure 18. 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Concentration by Urban Area (1) ................................................ 23

Figure 19. 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Concentration by Urban Area (2) ................................................ 23

Figure 20. Three-Year Average of 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Average by Urban Area (1) .................... 24

Figure 21. Three-Year Average of 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Average by Urban Area (2) .................... 24

Figure 22. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Akron .......................................................... 25

Figure 23. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Canton ........................................................ 25

Figure 24. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Cincinnati ................................................... 25

Figure 25. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Cleveland .................................................... 26

Figure 26. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Lake ............................................................ 26

Figure 27. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Dayton ........................................................ 26

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Acronyms and Abbreviations AA Atomic Absorption AQI Air Quality Index (replaced Pollutant Standard Index, PSI) AQS Air Quality System ATMP Air Toxics Monitoring Program CAA Clean Air Act CASTNET Clean Air Status and Trends Network CBSA Core-Based Statistical Area CFR Code of Federal Regulations CO Carbon Monoxide DAPC Division of Air Pollution Control DES Division of Environmental Services DO District Office FEM Federal Equivalent Method FRM Federal Reference Method FR Federal Register GC Gas Chromatograph or Gas Chromatography GC/MS Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry LAA Local Air Agency µg/m3 micrograms per cubic meter mg/m3 milligrams per cubic meter ng/m3 nanograms per cubic meter NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NAMS National Ambient Monitoring Stations NCore National Core Monitoring Network NO Nitric Oxide NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide O3 Ozone OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards OASN Ohio Air Sampling Network Obs Observations Org Type Organization Type Pb Lead POC Parameter Occurrence Code ppb parts per billion ppm parts per million ppbv parts per billion by volume PQAO Primary Quality Assurance Organization PM10 Particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 microns PM2.5 Particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 microns PSI Pollutant Standard Index (replaced by Air Quality Index, AQI) RADS Remote Ambient-Air Data System SLAMS State/Local Ambient Monitoring Stations SO2 Sulfur Dioxide TO-15 Toxics analysis methods descriptions TSP Total Suspended Particulate U.S. EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency VOC Volatile Organic Carbon

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Executive summary

A. General Review Air quality data for calendar year 2017 are summarized for seven criteria pollutants: particulate

matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns (PM10), particulate matter with

aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2),

carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and lead (Pb). Data are also summarized for total suspended

particulates (TSP). Also included is a section discussing toxics monitoring projects conducted and

trend analysis results for three criteria pollutants: SO2, CO, and O3.

B. Discussion of Violation Violations of multiple-year, annual and short-term air quality standards by county and pollutant

are provided in Section II: 2017 Air Quality Data Summary Maps. Table 1 gives a breakdown of air

quality standard violations by county. There were no violations of the PM2.5, PM10, NO2, Pb, or

CO standards in effect during 2017.

Table 1. Violation of National Ambient Air Quality Standards by County 2017

Pollutant Standard Counties

O3 8-hour (0.070 ppm) Butler, Geauga, Franklin, Hamilton, Lake, Warren

SO2 1-hour 99th percentile Cuyahoga

C. Observations and Conclusions Particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 microns (PM10)

There were 31 PM10 active monitoring sites including three sites operated by industry with a total

of 49 monitors to collect ambient and quality assurance data.

Particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 microns (PM2.5)

There were 47 active PM2.5 monitoring sites with 81 monitors to collect both ambient and quality

assurance data. Most are filter-based instruments collecting individual 24-hour average

concentration on a schedule of either every three days or every six days, and the remaining

collect hourly concentrations each day in addition to some chemical speciation monitors that

operate on an every three- or six-day schedule with filters analyzed for chemical composition of

PM2.5 matter.

In 2017, no sites were in violation of the annual PM2.5 NAAQS. There have been no violations of

the 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS in Ohio since 2009.

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

There were 35 SO2 continuous sites collecting hourly data, five of which were operated by private

industry. There were exceedances of the 1-hour standard in Cuyahoga and Lake counties in 2017.

There were violations of the three-year, 1-hour SO2 standard in Cuyahoga county.

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There were no exceedances of the 3-hour standard statewide in 2017; the last occurrence of an

exceedance in Ohio of the 3-hour standard was in 1991. In the last ten years, SO2 concentrations

have been reduced 80% statewide.

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

There were 14 CO continuous sites collecting hourly data. There were no violations of the CO

NAAQS in Ohio. Concentrations remain very low throughout all the urban areas of the state. The

last violation of the CO NAAQS occurred in 1990 in Steubenville.

Ozone (O3)

There were 51 continuous sites collecting hourly O3 data, three of which were operated by U.S.

EPA as part of their CASTNET monitoring network. Ohio attained the former O3NAAQS standard

of 75 parts per billion (ppb) throughout the state within timeframes specified by the Clean Air

Act; however, in October 2015, U.S. EPA issued a more stringent O3NAAQS of 70 parts per billion.

Ohio EPA provided recommendations to U.S. EPA on areas of the state exceeding or contributing

to exceedances of the new standard and proposed non-attainment designations under the Clean

Air Act. U.S. EPA designated areas non-attainment in accordance with Ohio EPA's

recommendations, effective August 3, 2018, in the following Metropolitan Statistical Areas:

Cleveland (Lorain, Cuyahoga, Lake, Geauga, Medina, Summit and Portage counties); Columbus

(Franklin, Delaware, Licking and Fairfield counties) and Cincinnati (Hamilton, Butler, Warren and

Clermont counties).

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

There were seven continuous NO2 monitoring sites collecting hourly data. There were no

violations of the NAAQS for NO2 in 2017, and there have been none in Ohio since 1997.

Air Pollution Alerts

No air pollution alerts were declared in 2017.

D. Monitoring Network There were 136 monitoring sites reporting data from 44 counties; a list of active monitors in 2017

can be found in Table 39 on page 77 of this report. Each year, Ohio EPA is required to submit an

annual Air Monitoring Network Plan to U.S. EPA which describes the state’s ambient monitoring

network in detail. The most recent Ohio Air Monitoring Network Plan is available for viewing on

our agency website at

http://epa.ohio.gov/dapc/ams/amsmain.aspx#126983982-air-monitoring-plan

State maps depicting each of Ohio’s air monitoring networks for U.S. EPA criteria pollutants and

air toxics are presented in Appendix E of Ohio’s Air Monitoring Network Plan.

http://epa.ohio.gov/dapc/ams/amsmain.aspx#126983982-air-monitoring-plan

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. General A variety of substances are generated and released into the atmosphere by a multitude of man-

made and natural sources. Those substances that may affect public health and welfare are

regarded as "air pollutants." The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has established

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to safeguard public health and welfare from

these air pollutants. Ambient air is defined as air that is accessible to the general public. The air

within fenced-in, guarded or limited access areas of facility property is not considered ambient

air.

Pollutants for which NAAQS have been promulgated are sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide

(NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), lead (Pb), particulate matter having an aerodynamic

diameter ≤10 microns (PM10) and particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5

microns (PM2.5). The standards are concentrations expressed in micrograms per cubic meter

(µg/m3), parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb) per sampling averaging times. NAAQS

concentrations, averaging times and restrictions in effect as of 2017 are provided in Table 2.

Table 2. U.S. EPA and Ohio EPA Ambient Air Quality Standards

Maximum Allowable Concentration

Pollutant Averaging time Restriction Primary1 Secondary1

PM2.5 Annual Three-year average not to be exceeded 12.0 µg/m3 15.0 µg/m3

24-hour Three-year average of 98th percentile not to be exceeded

35 µg/m3 35 µg/m3

PM10 24-hour Not to be exceeded more than once per year averaged over three years

150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3

Sulfur Dioxide

1-hour Each year’s daily 1-Hour maximum 99th percentile value averaged over 3 years

75 ppb none

3-hour Not to be exceeded more than once per year none 0.5 ppm (1300 µg/m3)

Carbon Monoxide

8-hour Not to be exceeded more than once per year 9 ppm (10 mg/m3)

none

1-hour Not to be exceeded more than once per year 35 ppm (40 mg/m3)

none

Ozone 8-hour Each year’s fourth high averaged over three-years. Not to be exceeded

0.070 ppm 0.070 ppm

Nitrogen Dioxide

1-hour Each year’s daily maximum 98th percentile 1-Hour value averaged over three-years. Not to be exceeded.

100 ppb

Annual Not to be exceeded 53 ppb 53 ppb

Lead 3-month Three month rolling average over a three-year period. Not to be exceeded.

0.15 µg/m3 0.15 µg/m3

1Primary standards are established for protection of public health; secondary standards are established for protection of public welfare.

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In some cases, standards are separated into two parts: primary and secondary. A primary

standard sets the level of air pollution where human health is protected. A secondary standard

sets the level where the welfare of citizens is protected due to air pollution damage to crops,

animals, vegetation and materials.

This report presents summaries of Ohio EPA’s measurements of the NAAQS criteria and toxic air

pollutants during calendar year 2017. Also presented are selected statistics and trend analyses

for parts of Ohio. Prior to pollutant data tables found in Section IV, there is a brief description of

pollutants, sources from which they originate, potential adverse health effects and monitoring

methods used.

B. Development of the Ohio Air Monitoring System Society's concern about air pollution began with Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1955. This Act and its

subsequent amendments first encouraged, then authorized, grants to help finance the

establishment of state and local air pollution control programs. In 1963, Ohio established the

Ohio Air Sampling Network (OASN) with 21 monitoring sites, measuring total suspended

particulates (TSP) throughout the state. The CAA Amendments of 1970 mandated the

promulgation of NAAQS. The U.S. EPA was formed in 1970 and began developing air monitoring

regulations requiring states to establish a network of monitors to measure air quality in all major

urban areas.

The air monitoring program began under the Ohio

Department of Health and started with Particulate

Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Carbon

Monoxide, and Photochemical Oxidants. In October

of 1972, Ohio EPA was formed and was responsible

for CAA compliance. In 1978, U.S. EPA promulgated

the NAAQS for lead. In 1979, the NAAQS for ozone

replaced photochemical oxidants. Throughout that

time, Ohio's air quality network significantly

expanded.

Ohio currently has four District Offices and eight local air agencies supporting the Ohio’s air

program. See Figure 1 on page 5 for geographic coverage and contact information1.

The goals of the ambient monitoring program are to determine compliance with the ambient air

quality standards; to provide real-time monitoring of air pollution episodes; to provide data for

trend analyses, regulation evaluation and planning; and to provide daily information to the public

concerning air quality in high population areas, near major emission sources and in rural areas.

1 Effective October 1, 2018, Mahoning-Trumbull APC Agency (M-TAPCA) is no longer active, and all sites in this jurisdiction are transferred to Northeast District Office (NEDO). Figure 1 reflects jurisdictions for 2017, where M-TAPCA contact information notes this change.

Cleveland NCore Site

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Figure 1. OEPA District Offices & Local Air Pollution Control Agencies Jurisdictional Boundaries

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In 1980, U.S. EPA and Ohio EPA established and designated certain portions of Ohio's ambient air

monitoring network to be a part of the National Air Monitoring Station (NAMS) network, created

for tracking national trends. This required that all sites produce data of adequate quality and

quantity to meet monitoring objectives and statistical analysis.

The first PM10 standard became effective July 1987, and the first PM2.5 standard was effective in

1997. Filter-based PM2.5 monitors began collecting data in 1999. Monitors to determine chemical

makeup of the particulate matter were added in 2000. In 2001, monitors that could continuously

measure PM2.5 became a programmatic requirement.

The 1-hour ozone standard was supplanted with an 8-hour standard in 1997. The 8-hour standard

is a three-year average of the 4th highest daily 8-hour averages, which was set at 0.08 ppm not to

be exceeded. In 2001, the United States Supreme Court found U.S. EPA’s proposed

implementation plan for ozone unlawful and further held that, in the setting of a standard for

ozone pursuant to Section 109 of the CAA, U.S. EPA must set air quality standards at levels that

are “requisite,” i.e., no higher or lower than necessary to protect public health with an adequate

margin of safety. The Supreme Court sent the case back to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals to

review U.S. EPA’s subsequent actions. In March 2002, the court upheld U.S. EPA’s revision of the

ozone NAAQS. In October 2015, the 8-hour ozone standard was set to 0.070 ppm as the three-

year average of each site’s annual fourth high 8-hour average.

In 2009, the standard for Pb was revised to 0.15 µg/m3 as a three-month rolling average, replacing

the 1.5 µg/m3 calendar quarter average. New monitors near known or presumed sources were

required to be operational on the first sampling day of January 2010.

On January 1, 2011, U.S. EPA made changes to the designations of sites. The NAMS designation,

used for national trends in concentrations was eliminated in favor of National Core Monitoring

Network (NCore) sites, a much smaller network of sites with many more parameters per site

monitored. There are three NCore sites in Ohio, which are located in Cincinnati, Cleveland, and

Preble County.

Details on Ohio's ambient air monitoring network are provided annually in the Annual Monitoring

Network Plan (AMNP). The AMNP is a CAA requirement, annually addressing the state's network

as it existed on July 31 of the reporting year and as it was expected or anticipated to be modified

in year ahead. Appendix A of the AMNP is the Complete Network Plan Description, listing each

monitoring site within the Local Air Agencies and District Offices in Ohio. The AMNP is available

at http://epa.ohio.gov/dapc/ams/amsmain#126983982-air-monitoring-plan.

C. Remote Ambient Data System Beginning in 1986, the Remote Ambient-Air Data System (RADS) provided for the automatic

acquisition of data from Ohio EPA’s remote monitors to a central computer. Data is retrieved

from each district office and local air agency’s continuous monitoring sites on an hourly basis.

http://epa.ohio.gov/dapc/ams/amsmain#126983982-air-monitoring-plan

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RADS has since been upgraded for improved remote access to data by digital cellular wireless

technology. Beginning in 2015, RADS began using Agilaire’s AirVision software to poll, process

and assemble all hourly data collected in Ohio.

D. Data Availability on the Internet Air monitoring data is available on Ohio EPA’s AirOhio website at

http://www.epa.ohio.gov/dapc/airohio/index.aspx.

Ohio EPA also provides ozone and PM2.5 data updates hourly to U.S. EPA’s AirNow website.

Current data and data forecasts are displayed in the form of tables and maps and can be viewed

at http://www.airnow.gov.

Historical ambient air quality data can also be found at https://www.epa.gov/outdoor-air-

quality-data. This site is a gateway to maps, reports and user-selected data residing in U.S. EPA’s

Air Quality System (AQS) database.

II. 2017 AIR QUALITY DATA SUMMARY MAPS

A series of maps on the following pages summarize data presented in Section IV of this report.

Values are presented on maps in counties where data was recorded.

http://www.epa.ohio.gov/dapc/airohio/index.aspx

http://www.airnow.gov/

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Figure 2. 2017 PM10 High 24-Hour Concentration

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Figure 3. 2017 PM2.5 Highest Annual Average Concentration

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Figure 4. 2017 PM2.5 98th Percentile 24-Hour Concentration

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Figure 5. 2017 SO2 2nd Highest 3-Hour Average Concentration

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Concentrations in counties reflect the 99th percentile 1-hour reading in 2017 only. Shaded

counties represent a violation of three-year average form of the NAAQS.

Figure 6. 2017 SO2 99th Percentile 1-Hour Concentration

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Figure 7. 2017 Carbon Monoxide 2nd Highest 8-Hour Concentration

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Figure 8. 2017 Carbon Monoxide 2nd Highest 1-Hour Concentration

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Figure 9. 2017 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Arithmetic Mean Concentration

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Figure 10. 2017 Nitrogen Dioxide 98th Percentile 1-Hour Concentration

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Concentrations in counties reflect the 4th highest 8-hour average in 2017 only. Shaded

counties represent a violation of three-year average form of the NAAQS.

Figure 11. 2017 Ozone 4th Highest 8-Hour Concentration

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Figure 12. 2015-2017 Average of the 4th High 8-Hour Averages

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Figure 13. 2015-2017 Lead, Highest 3 Month Rolling Average

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III. AIR QUALITY TRENDS

Monitoring sites designated as State & Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS) meet rigid

prescribed federal requirements. Trend analyses in this section are drawn from data originating

in the SLAMS network.

A. SO2 trends Data for SO2 continuous instruments in urban areas meeting SLAMS siting requirements were

used to generate Ohio SO2 trend studies for years 2008 through 2017, which are plotted in the

figures below. Figure 14 is based on annual averages. Figure 15 plots the 99th percentile value,

which is the short term 1-hour NAAQS for SO2. In the last ten years, 99th percentile SO2

concentrations statewide have improved an average of 80%.

Figure 14. Sulfur Dioxide Trends – Urban Areas (2008-2017)

Figure 15. Sulfur Dioxide Trends – All Sites (2008-2017)

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B. Ozone trends Assessing progress towards attainment of the ozone NAAQS is complicated because of the

influence of meteorology on ozone levels. Differences in weather conditions can cause variations

from year to year in both NAAQS exceedances and second highest 1-hour ozone levels.

High temperatures, brilliant sunshine, and stagnant air contribute to increased evaporation from

fuel storage tanks, fuel systems, and auto refueling activities. These emissions, with nitrogen

oxides and hydrocarbons from vehicles, are a major contributor to low-level ozone pollution

during these atmospheric conditions. In the presence of sunlight, hydrocarbons and nitrogen

oxides create ground-level ozone.

One Hour Ozone Data:

Trend information is presented from eight metropolitan areas in Ohio for the period of 2008

through 2017. Figure 16 and Figure 17 on the following page shows second highest 1-hour

averages for each year. In an area where ozone is monitored at several sites, the site with the

highest second high for each year was used, which may be a different site from year to year.

Eight Hour Ozone Standard:

Eight metropolitan areas are presented with the 4th highest 8-hour daily ozone averages for the

years 2008 through 2017 in Figure 18 and Figure 19 on page 23. Figure 20 and Figure 21 on page

24 present the three-year average of the 4th highest 8-hour daily ozone averages for years 2008

through 2017 for the same areas. The year listed is the last year of the three-year period. The

NAAQS is a three-year average of the 4th highest 8-hour averages; the concentration must be less

than or equal to 0.070 parts per million (70 parts per billion) for compliance with the standard.

The monitor with the highest 4th high in each three-year period was used, not necessarily the

same monitor for all years. The three- year averages for each site in Ohio are listed in the ozone

portion of Section IV(G) on page 46.

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Figure 16. 2nd Highest 1-Hr Ozone in Urban Areas (1)

Figure 17. 2nd Highest 1-Hr Ozone in Urban Areas (2)

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Figure 18. 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Concentration by Urban Area (1)

Figure 19. 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Concentration by Urban Area (2)

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Figure 20. Three-Year Average of 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Average by Urban Area (1)

Figure 21. Three-Year Average of 4th High 8-Hr Ozone Average by Urban Area (2)

C. Carbon Monoxide Trends Comparative plots of changes in carbon monoxide (CO) in the past ten years for eight major Ohio

cities are presented in Figure 22 through Figure 27 on pages 25-26. One central-city monitor in

each urban area was selected to yield data for a trend study of 8-hour average CO concentrations.

Data for years 2008-2017 are used in the figures. The last violation of the CO NAAQS occurred in

1990 in Steubenville.

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Figure 22. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Akron

Figure 23. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Canton

Figure 24. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Cincinnati

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Figure 25. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Cleveland

Figure 26. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Lake

Figure 27. Carbon Monoxide Two Highest 8-Hours: Dayton

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IV. 2017 AIR QUALITY DATA

A. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Total suspended particulate matter is defined as any liquid (aerosol) or solid substance found in

the atmosphere. Particles larger than approximately 100 microns in diameter settle rapidly due

to gravity and are not considered suspended particulates. Fly ash, process dusts, soot and oil

aerosols are all common forms of suspended particulate matter. The major sources of particulate

pollution are industrial processes, electric power generation, industrial fuel combustion, and dust

from roadways and construction sites. Particulate pollution causes a wide range of damage to

materials, as well as limiting visibility and reducing the amount of sunlight reaching the earth.

Components of particulates may be harmful, such as sulfates, nitrates and metals. The major

adverse health effects on humans are related to damage to the respiratory system through

interference with the lungs’ natural cleansing processes.

Such adverse health effects are dependent, in a general sense, upon two factors: the

concentration, size and chemical composition of the particles of which the TSP consists; and the

composition of any pollutant gases in combination with it. Particles greater than ten microns in

diameter can rarely penetrate below the larynx and, therefore, are less likely to damage the

respiratory system. Particles less than six microns in diameter can penetrate the bronchial

passage while those of less than one micron in diameter can usually penetrate and be deposited

in the capillaries and alveoli of the lungs.

Page | 28

In 1987, TSP sampling was gradually replaced by ten-micron particulate sampling (PM10). The

number of monitors decreased from over 200 in 1987 to seven monitors in 2017. All TSP data is

used for lead and other metals monitoring. U.S. EPA later added a NAAQS for 2.5-micron

particulate matter (PM2.5). Data collection for PM2.5 began in 1999. The PM2.5 monitors

supplement and partially replace the PM10 network.

Table 3 below summarizes key data statistics in 2017 for the five TSP sites in Ohio.

Sampling Method

TSP is measured by the high-volume air sampler method. This instrument draws measured

volumes of air through a glass fiber filter for 24 hours. Particulate matter trapped on the filter is

weighed to determine the mass of the particulates collected per volume of air. Results are

reported as micrograms of particulate matter per cubic meter of air (µg/m3). Normal sampling is

done intermittently once every six days.

Table 3. TSP Summary Statistics

Suspended particulate (TSP) (micrograms/cubic meter)

County Site ID POC City Obs 1st

Max 2nd

Max 3rd

Max 4th

Max Mean

Columbiana 39-029-0020 1 East Liverpool 61 77 75 61 56 26.8

Cuyahoga 39-035-0038 1 Cleveland 61 115 108 95 87 49.5






Page | 29

B. Particulate Matter ≤10µm (PM10) In 1987, U.S. EPA promulgated a primary standard for particulate matter that included only those

particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to 10 micrometers (PM10,

particulate matter ≤10 micrometers). From 1987 until 1997, the annual standard was 50 µg/m3

annual arithmetic mean (averaged over three years' data). The 24-hour standard was 150 µg/m3

and was not to be exceeded more than once per year, averaged over three years.

The original annual standard was retained until changes to the particulate NAAQS became

effective in 2006. At that time, the 24-hour PM10 standard of 150 µg/m3 was retained, but the

annual PM10 standard of 50 µg/m3 was revoked.

The Ohio Air Monitoring Network was expanded to include 21 PM10 sites in 1986, 45 in 1988, and

a high of 91 sites in 1997. Since 1997, the PM10 network has been substantially reduced, as

monitoring of particulates has been focused to sampling of PM2.5 fine particulates. Table 4 on the

following pages summarizes key data statistics in 2017 for the 31 PM10 sites in Ohio.

Dayton Moraine PM10 Site

Sampling Method

PM10 is measured by the filtered air sampler method for non-continuous instruments. These

instruments are refined beyond the traditional TSP sampler to limit the size of particle collected

on the filter. Measured volumes of air are similarly drawn through a quartz fiber filter for 24

hours. PM10 matter trapped on the filter is weighed to determine the mass collected per volume

of air. Results are reported as micrograms of particulate matter per cubic meter of air (µg/m3).

Continuous instruments collect real-time PM10 concentrations by various other measurement

techniques.

Page | 30

Table 4. PM10 Summary Statistics

PM10 Total 0-10um 24-hour (micrograms/cubic meter)

County Site ID POC City Valid Days Obs

% Obs

Obs Req

1st Max

2nd Max

3rd Max

4th Max

Days > NAAQS

Max > NAAQS Mean

Belmont 39-013-0006 1 Shadyside 59 59 97 61 60 40 38 36 0 0 17.3

Belmont 39-013-0006 2 Shadyside 60 60 98 61 61 43 40 39 0 0 18.1

Butler 39-017-0015 2 Middletown 60 60 98 61 66 41 40 36 0 0 19.7

Butler 39-017-0019 1 Middletown 56 56 92 61 69 36 35 31 0 0 17.1 *

Butler 39-017-0020 1 Middletown 61 61 100 61 69 59 53 51 0 0 31.5

Columbiana 39-029-0020 1 East Liverpool 60 60 98 61 28 27 26 22 0 0 13.6



Cuyahoga 39-035-0038 1 Cleveland 60 74 98 61 52 51 46 45 0 0 21.7








Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 3 Cleveland 327 327 90 365 71 69 68 67 0 0 22.8 *

Cuyahoga 39-035-0065 1 Newburgh Heights 61 61 100 61 67 67 63 57 0 0 29.8

Cuyahoga 39-035-1002 1 Brook Park 59 59 97 61 30 29 28 24 0 0 14.2

Franklin 39-049-0024 1 Columbus 60 60 98 61 65 50 45 39 0 0 21.8

Franklin 39-049-0024 2 Columbus 61 61 100 61 65 52 49 36 0 0 20.8

Greene 39-057-0005 1 Yellow Springs 61 61 100 61 24 24 23 23 0 0 11.4

Hamilton 39-061-0014 1 Cincinnati 59 59 97 61 40 33 30 30 0 0 17.8




Hamilton 39-061-5001 1 Lockland 61 61 100 61 33 32 24 24 0 0 14.9

Hamilton 39-061-5001 2 Lockland 61 61 100 61 32 31 23 23 0 0 14.6

Jefferson 39-081-0001 1 Brilliant 60 60 98 61 34 31 29 27 0 0 16.5

Jefferson 39-081-0017 1 Steubenville 60 60 98 61 54 37 36 35 0 0 18

Page | 31

PM10 Total 0-10um 24-hour (micrograms/cubic meter)

County Site ID POC City Valid Days Obs

% Obs

Obs Req

1st Max

2nd Max

3rd Max

4th Max

Days > NAAQS

Max > NAAQS Mean

Jefferson 39-081-0017 2 Steubenville 60 60 98 61 36 33 33 30 0 0 16.4

Lake 39-085-1001 1 Fairport Harbor (Fairport)

60 60 98 61 29 28 24 22 0 0 12.5

Lake 39-085-1001 2 Fairport Harbor (Fairport)

59 59 97 61 31 28 25 24 0 0 13.1

Lawrence 39-087-0012 1 Ironton 59 59 97 61 64 21 21 16 0 0 12.2

Lorain 39-093-3002 1 Sheffield 61 61 100 61 20 20 19 18 0 0 10.7

Mahoning 39-099-0005 1 Youngstown 61 61 100 61 31 25 24 24 0 0 14.1



Montgomery 39-113-7001 1 Moraine 60 60 98 61 37 34 33 29 0 0 15.9

Montgomery 39-113-7001 2 Moraine 61 61 100 61 35 34 33 28 0 0 15.8

Scioto 39-145-0013 1 Portsmouth 59 59 97 61 20 18 17 17 0 0 10.8

Scioto 39-145-0013 2 Portsmouth 53 53 87 61 20 17 17 15 0 0 10.9 *

Scioto 39-145-0019 1 Portsmouth 59 59 97 61 20 19 16 16 0 0 10.6

Scioto 39-145-0020 1 Franklin Furnace 363 363 99 365 47 18 17 17 0 0 7.5



Trumbull 39-155-0006 1 Warren 51 51 84 61 22 20 18 17 0 0 11.4 *

Trumbull 39-155-0014 1 Warren 60 60 98 61 30 28 27 21 0 0 12.4

Trumbull 39-155-0014 2 Warren 61 61 100 61 39 29 29 23 0 0 13.4 Note: * indicates one or more quarters do not meet 75% capture rate.

Page | 32

C. Particulate Matter ≤2.5µm (PM2.5) In 1997, the U.S. EPA promulgated revisions to the NAAQS for particulate matter. The primary

standard includes only those particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than or equal to 2.5

micrometers (PM2.5, particulate matter ≤2.5 micrometers).

The annual standard was 15.0 µg/m3 annual arithmetic mean, averaged over three consecutive

years. The annual NAAQS was changed from 15.0 µg/m3 to 12.0 µg/m3, effective January 2013.

The 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS was changed from 65 µg/m3 to 35 µg/m3 effective in December 2006.

The 24-hour standard is met when the 98th percentile concentration, averaged over three

consecutive years, is less than or equal to 35 µg/m3.

Because of U.S. EPA’s final action to set the fine particulate PM2.5 standards to supplement the

PM10, the Ohio Air Monitoring Network had a peak of 52 sites in 2008. In 2017, there were 47

PM2.5 sites with 79 total monitors. Most are filter-based Federal Reference Method (FRM)

instruments collecting 24-hour average concentrations either every three days or every six days.

Additionally, several are chemical speciation monitors operating on an every three- or six-day

schedule with filters analyzed for chemical composition of PM2.5 matter, and some monitors

collect hourly concentrations 24 hours per day.

The FRM monitors and a limited number of

continuous monitors are used to determine

compliance with the NAAQS. Speciation

monitors are used to determine the

composition of the particulates. The

continuous monitors are primarily used for

the Air Quality Index and for real time

reporting of particulate data to the public.

Table 5 through Table 8 on the following

pages summarize key data statistics in 2017

for the 47 PM2.5 sites in Ohio.

Sampling Method

PM2.5 is measured by the filtered air sampler method for non-continuous instruments. These

instruments are refined beyond the PM10 sampler to further limit the size of particle collected on

the filter. Measured volumes of air are similarly drawn through a filter for 24 hours. PM2.5 matter

trapped on the filter is weighed to determine the mass collected per volume of air. Results are

reported as micrograms of particulate matter per cubic meter of air (µg/m3). Continuous

instruments collect real-time PM2.5 concentrations by various other measurement techniques.

Cincinnati's PM2.5 Fairfield Site

Page | 33

Table 5. PM2.5 Summary Statistics

PM2.5 24-hour (micrograms/cubic meter)

County Site ID POC City Valid Days 1st

Max 2nd

Max 3rd

Max 4th

Max 98th

percentile Mean

Allen 39-003-0009 1 Lima 61 24.4 16.4 16.2 14.1 16.4 7.63

Allen 39-003-0009 2 Lima 59 23.9 16 15.9 14.6 16 7.64

Athens 39-009-0003 1 Sharpsburg 57 14.3 12.2 12.2 10.6 12.2 6.29

Athens 39-009-0003 2 Sharpsburg 51 13.6 12.9 10.9 10.7 12.9 6.71 *

Belmont 39-013-0006 1 Shadyside 111 23.3 15.4 15.1 14.1 15.1 7.65

Butler 39-017-0015 1 Middletown 60 27.1 18.6 18.3 16.6 18.6 9.47


Butler 39-017-0016 1 Fairfield 60 24.3 16.5 16.4 16.1 16.5 8.53

Butler 39-017-0016 4 Fairfield 59 19.6 17.7 17.2 15.8 17.7 8.59




Butler 39-017-0022 4 Middletown 45 21.9 19.5 18.4 17.8 21.9 10.22 *

Clark 39-023-0005 1 Springfield 59 21.8 19.7 15.1 14.9 19.7 7.96

Clark 39-023-0005 4 Springfield 61 30.9 17.7 14.8 14.6 17.7 8.19

Cuyahoga 39-035-0034 1 Cleveland 120 24 22.9 18.2 16.6 18.2 7.75

Cuyahoga 39-035-0038 1 Cleveland 120 33.7 30.7 22.6 21.5 22.6 10.01




Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 3 Cleveland 345 34.3 29 25.5 25.1 21.3 8

Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 4 Cleveland 68 33.6 19.7 18.7 18.2 19.7 10.32 *

Cuyahoga 39-035-0065 1 Newburgh Heights 120 34.7 27.4 26.5 22.8 26.5 11.2

Cuyahoga 39-035-0073 1 Warrensville Heights

91 22.6 14.1 14.1 13.8 14.1 7.35 *

Cuyahoga 39-035-1002 1 Brook Park 118 24.1 22.4 20.6 19.3 20.6 8.11

Franklin 39-049-0024 1 Columbus 119 25.6 19.7 16.5 16.1 16.5 8.29

Franklin 39-049-0038 1 Columbus 117 32.1 22 21.5 18.2 21.5 8.77




Greene 39-057-0005 1 Yellow Springs 58 17 15.7 15.5 13.9 15.7 7.18

Greene 39-057-0005 2 Yellow Springs 61 16.9 16 15.3 14.3 16 7.38

Greene 39-057-0005 4 Yellow Springs 60 29.8 15.4 13.1 12.5 15.4 7.38

Hamilton 39-061-0006 1 Blue Ash 61 24.2 15.7 15.5 15.4 15.7 8.09

Hamilton 39-061-0006 3 Blue Ash 360 23.1 23.1 20.5 20 18.6 8.81

Hamilton 39-061-0010 1 Cleves 60 20.1 16.2 15.6 15.5 16.2 8.22

Hamilton 39-061-0010 4 Cleves 61 20.2 18.6 17.1 14.5 18.6 8.16

Hamilton 39-061-0014 1 Cincinnati 112 29.2 26.2 21.5 21.2 21.5 9.52



Hamilton 39-061-0040 3 Cincinnati 291 26.7 24.5 24.2 20.7 20.1 9.28 *



Page | 34

PM2.5 24-hour (micrograms/cubic meter)

County Site ID POC City Valid Days 1st

Max 2nd

Max 3rd

Max 4th

Max 98th

percentile Mean



Jefferson 39-081-0017 1 Steubenville 119 23.5 22.8 21.9 20.2 21.9 8.86

Jefferson 39-081-0017 2 Steubenville 57 22.9 22.4 17.7 17 22.4 9.09

Jefferson 39-081-0021 1 Mingo Junction 112 23.7 19.1 16.5 16.4 16.5 8.23

Lake 39-085-0007 1 Painesville 117 23.1 22.5 15.6 15.1 15.6 7.14

Lake 39-085-0007 2 Painesville 58 22.6 16.3 14.1 14 16.3 7.32

Lawrence 39-087-0012 1 Ironton 113 54.9 20.5 17.4 15.5 17.4 6.61

Lorain 39-093-3002 1 Sheffield 115 26.6 20 17.2 15.9 17.2 7.64

Lorain 39-093-3002 2 Sheffield 58 20.3 18 15.7 15.5 18 8.02

Lucas 39-095-0024 1 Toledo 119 34.2 22.4 19.9 16.8 19.9 8.28

Lucas 39-095-0024 2 Toledo 52 22.2 19.8 18.2 14.9 19.8 8.51 *

Lucas 39-095-0026 1 Toledo 116 37.8 23.6 18.5 15.2 18.5 8.06

Lucas 39-095-0028 1 Toledo 28 33.8 24 21.1 15.4 33.8 10.19 *

Lucas 39-095-1003 1 Toledo 89 21.2 19.4 17.6 16.3 19.4 8.49 *

Mahoning 39-099-0005 1 Youngstown 61 20 17.3 15 14.9 17.3 8

Mahoning 39-099-0005 2 Youngstown 60 17.9 15.4 14.4 14 15.4 7.63

Mahoning 39-099-0014 1 Youngstown 116 22.1 20.1 17.8 16 17.8 7.91

Medina 39-103-0004 1 Westfield Township 111 27.7 19.2 18.9 18.8 18.9 7.76

Medina 39-103-0004 3 Westfield Township 359 42.2 41 40.6 40.3 20.4 7.93

Montgomery 39-113-0038 1 Dayton 121 23.7 19.7 18 16.6 18 8.27

Montgomery 39-113-0038 2 Dayton 60 23.6 19.4 18.8 16.1 19.4 8.59

Portage 39-133-0002 1 Ravenna 113 24.1 18.2 17.9 15.6 17.9 7.41

Preble 39-135-1001 1 New Paris 114 19.1 16.5 16 15.1 16 7.31

Scioto 39-145-0013 1 Portsmouth 78 19.5 16.8 13.5 13 16.8 6.9 *

Scioto 39-145-0013 2 Portsmouth 54 13.7 12.4 11.7 11.2 12.4 6.93 *

Stark 39-151-0017 1 Canton 122 26.6 24.9 20.3 20.1 20.3 9.44

Stark 39-151-0017 2 Canton 61 26.1 20.5 19.8 17.6 20.5 9.7

Stark 39-151-0020 1 Canton 117 25 20.8 17.1 16.9 17.1 8.27

Stark 39-151-0020 3 Canton 310 23.4 22.4 22.2 21.2 19.5 10.11 *

Summit 39-153-0017 1 Akron 118 29.4 23.2 21.8 16.1 21.8 8.55

Summit 39-153-0017 2 Akron 57 23.1 20.7 16.3 15.4 20.7 8.77

Summit 39-153-0017 3 Akron 359 27.8 23.3 21.8 21.5 18.2 8.45

Summit 39-153-0023 1 Akron 115 27.1 20.5 18.7 16.3 18.7 7.98

Trumbull 39-155-0014 1 Warren 47 37.4 20.9 15 14.7 37.4 8.24 *

Trumbull 39-155-0014 4 Warren 21 22.8 18.2 12.9 12.6 22.8 8.18 *

Note: * indicates that one or more quarters do not meet 75% capture rate.

Page | 35

Table 6. PM2.5 Continuous Monitor Data (µ/m3)

County Site ID POC City Duration Obs 1st

Max

2nd

Max

3rd

Max

4th

Max Mean

Adams 39-001-0001 3 West Union 1-hr 8743 141.5 107.7 97.3 95.4 5.81

24-hr 365 28.2 19.1 16.5 12.9 5.76

Allen 39-003-0009 3 Lima 1-hr 8739 57.3 33.3 28.3 25.4 4.32

24-hr 365 13.1 12.9 12 11.9 4.28

Clark 39-023-0005 3 Springfield 1-hr 8689 101.2 85 82.2 81.7 8.74

24-hr 361 24.1 23.7 23.5 22.4 8.7

Clermont 39-025-0022 3 Batavia 1-hr 8690 122.9 47.2 39 38.9 8.68

24-hr 365 23.5 20.9 20.3 20.1 8.62

Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 3 Cleveland 1-hr 8410 183.2 135.7 69 66.5 8.04

24-hr 345 34.3 29 25.5 25.1 8

Franklin

39-049-0029 3 New Albany 1-hr 8680 66.2 60.6 57.7 52.1 6.93

24-hr 362 24 18.6 17.9 15.5 6.87

39-049-0034 3 Columbus 1-hr 8725 60.6 60.6 54 51.2 5.49

24-hr 365 20.6 16.6 14.4 14.3 5.44

Greene 39-057-0005 3 Yellow Springs 1-hr 8245 105.9 91.4 80 73.5 7.38

24-hr 338 22.7 22 21.3 19.3 7.35

Hamilton

39-061-0006 Blue Ash 1-hr 8645 82 50.1 49.5 46.3 8.88

24-hr 360 23.1 23.1 20.5 20 8.82

39-061-0010 3 Cleves 1-hr 8253 53.2 48.1 47.3 46.4 9.49

24-hr 343 26.5 25.3 24.8 23.5 9.45

39-061-0040 3 Cincinnati 1-hr 7065 56.3 55.3 52.8 50.3 8.93

24-hr 291 26.7 24.5 24.2 20.7 8.88 *

39-061-0048 3 Cincinnati 1-hr 8675 119.1 70.9 66.9 64.1 11

24-hr 361 29.8 28.6 27.3 25.2 10.95

Jefferson 39-081-0017 3 Steubenville 1-hr 8567 134.1 111.8 111.2 109 12.39

24-hr 357 34.6 30.3 30.3 28.3 12.34

Lake 39-085-0007 3 Painesville 1-hr 8743 95.5 45.9 40.6 39 7.34

24-hr 365 18.5 16.5 16.3 15.2 7.3

Lawrence 39-087-0012 3 Ironton 1-hr 8378 270.5 227.9 225.5 139.7 6.72

24-hr 349 70.5 43.1 19.3 18.9 6.67

Lorain 39-093-3002 3 Sheffield 1-hr 8711 29.7 27.1 25.9 23.1 4.38

24-hr 365 13.7 12.7 12.6 11.9 4.32

Lucas 39-095-0024 3 Toledo 1-hr 8658 142.8 60.4 53.3 50.5 8.07

24-hr 363 17.2 16.9 16.8 16.7 8.01

Mahoning 39-099-0014 3 Youngstown 1-hr 8710 205.9 137.3 68.8 54.8 8.39

24-hr 365 21.5 18 18 17.9 8.34

Medina 39-103-0004 3 Westfield

Township

1-hr 8569 237.9 65.5 65.3 64.3 8.01

24-hr 359 42.2 41 40.6 40.3 7.97

Montgomery 39-113-0038 3 Dayton 1-hr 8304 81.7 51.1 49.6 42.3 7.08

24-hr 346 23.6 21 19.6 19.2 7.03

Page | 36

County Site ID POC City Duration Obs 1st

Max

2nd

Max

3rd

Max

4th

Max Mean

Preble 39-135-1001 3 New Paris 1-hr 7126 57.6 38.1 33.2 32.9 7.97

24-hr 297 20.4 19.7 18 17.5 7.95 *

Stark 39-151-0020 3 Canton 1-hr 7488 47.7 40.5 37.8 37.7 10

24-hr 310 23.4 22.4 22.2 21.2 9.94 *

Summit 39-153-0017 3 Akron 1-hr 8574 58.8 42.6 42.4 39.5 8.52

24-hr 359 27.8 23.3 21.8 21.5 8.48

Trumbull 39-155-0014 3 Warren 1-hr 8020 107.1 99.2 81.7 62 8.08

24-hr 331 25.6 18.5 18.1 18.1 7.99

Warren 39-165-0007 3 Lebanon 1-hr 8518 60.7 41 37.5 36.3 9.02

24-hr 353 23.5 23.2 18.5 17.9 8.97

= site not used in comparison with NAAQS

Note: The * indicates one or more quarters do not meet 75% capture rate.

Page | 37

Table 7. PM2.5 24-hour 98th Percentile Averages (µ/m3)

Site County Year Average

2015 2016 2017 15-'17 39-003-0009 Allen 21.7 16.7 16.4 18

39-009-0003 Athens 18.4 11.4 12.2 14

39-013-0006 Belmont 21.2 16.2 15.1 18

39-017-0003

Butler

20.7 16.2 18

39-017-0015 21.8 18.3 20

39-017-0016 22.6 20 17.7 20

39-017-0019 21.2 21 17.9 20

39-017-0020 22.4 22.3 19.9 22

39-017-0022 20.9 25.2 21.8 23

39-023-0005 Clark 20 16.6 19.7 19

39-035-0034

Cuyahoga

22.2 15.7 18.2 19

39-035-0038 27.2 21.3 22.6 24

39-035-0045 26 17 20.7 21

39-035-0060 26.1 21.7 20.6 23

39-035-0065 26.9 21.7 26.5 25

39-035-0073 14.1 14

39-035-1002 21.7 14.2 20.6 19

39-049-0024

Franklin

21.1 17.2 16.5 18

39-049-0038 21.5 22

39-049-0039 24 17.7 15.9 19

39-049-0081 22.2 17.3 19.3 20

39-057-0005 Greene 17.5 15.2 15.8 16

39-061-0006

Hamilton

19.4 19.1 18.6 19

39-061-0010 20.5 19.1 18.6 19

39-061-0014 23 22.5 21.5 22

39-061-0040 21.3 18.1 19.2 20

39-061-0042 22.8 20.1 18.5 20

39-061-0048 21.7 22

39-081-0017 Jefferson

26.6 25.1 21.9 25

39-081-0021 26.7 17.2 16.5 20

39-085-0007 Lake 19.6 14.6 15.6 17

39-087-0012 Lawrence 17.4 14 17.4 16

39-093-3002 22.6 15.1 17.2 18

39-095-0024

Lucas

23.6 19.7 19.9 21

39-095-0026 23.5 16.9 18.5 20

39-095-0028 22.7 16.6 33.8 24

39-095-1003 20 20

39-099-0005 Mahoning

26.2 16.8 17.3 20

39-099-0014 24.2 17.4 17.8 20

39-103-0004 Medina 22.6 16.3 19.2 19

39-113-0038 Montgomery 20.4 21.2 18 20

39-133-0002 Portage 21 14.4 17.9 18

39-135-1001 Preble 18.3 15.9 16 17

39-145-0013 Scioto 22.8 16.5 16.8 19

39-151-0017 Stark

26.1 19.9 20.3 22

39-151-0020 23.7 18.9 19.5 21

39-153-0017 Summit

26.6 21.6 18.2 22

39-153-0023 22.8 15.9 18.7 19

39-155-0005 Trumbull

27.5 28

39-155-0014 14.4 22.8 19 = one or more quarters do not meet 75% capture rate

Page | 38

Table 8. PM2.5 Average of Annual Averages (µ/m3)

Site County Year Average

2015 2016 2017 15-'17 39-003-0009 Allen 9.7 7.5 7.6 8.3 39-009-0003 Athens 7.6 6.2 6.3 6.7 39-013-0006 Belmont 8.7 8.3 7.7 8.2 39-017-0003

Butler

10.3 9.7 10 39-017-0015 9.8 9.3 9.6 39-017-0016 9.5 9.2 8.5 9.1 39-017-0019 10.2 9.3 8.7 9.4 39-017-0020 39-017-0022 12.1 10.9 10.3 11.1 39-023-0005 Clark 8.9 8.4 8.1 8.5 39-035-0034

Cuyahoga

9.2 7.8 7.8 8.2 39-035-0038 11.8 10 9.9 10.6 39-035-0045 11 9.4 9.7 10.1 39-035-0060 12 9.6 8.4 10.1 39-035-0065 13.3 10.7 11.2 11.7 39-035-0073 7.3 7.3 39-035-1002 9.1 7.8 8.1 8.3 39-049-0024

Franklin

10 8.7 8.3 9 39-049-0038 8.8 8.8 39-049-0039 10.4 8.4 8.2 9 39-049-0081 9.8 8 8.2 8.7 39-057-0005 Greene 8.3 7.8 7.4 7.8 39-061-0006

Hamilton

9.3 8.8 8.8 9 39-061-0010 9.2 8.8 8.2 8.7 39-061-0014 10.7 10.1 9.5 10.1 39-061-0040 9.2 8.8 8.8 8.9 39-061-0042 10.1 9.5 8.8 9.5 39-061-0048 10.9 10.9 39-081-0017

Jefferson 12.1 11 8.9 10.7

39-081-0021 9.6 7.6 8.2 8.5 39-085-0007 Lake 8.1 6.8 7.2 7.4 39-087-0012 Lawrence 7.3 6.7 6.6 6.8 39-093-3002 Lorain 8.2 7 7.6 7.6 39-095-0024

Lucas

10.1 8.6 8.3 9 39-095-0026 9.6 8.2 8.1 8.6 39-095-0028 10 8.2 10.2 9.4 39-095-1003 8.5 8.5 39-099-0005

Mahoning 11 7.9 8 9

39-099-0014 10.2 8 7.9 8.7 39-103-0004 Medina 10.1 7.4 7.8 8.4 39-113-0038 Montgomery 9.6 8.9 8.3 8.9

39-133-0002 Portage 8.9 7.1 7.4 7.8 39-135-1001 Preble 8.4 7.5 7.3 7.7 39-145-0013 Scioto 8.5 8.3 6.9 7.9 39-151-0017

Stark 11.4 9.3 9.4 10.1

39-151-0020 10.5 8.7 9.3 9.5 39-153-0017

Summit 12.5 9.7 8.4 10.2

39-153-0023 9.7 7.8 8 8.5 39-155-0005

Trumbull 10.5 10.5

39-155-0014 7.5 8.2 7.9 = one or more quarters do not meet 75% capture rate

= site not used in comparison with annual NAAQS

Page | 39

D. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Sulfur dioxide is a colorless gas formed through the combination of sulfur and oxygen during

combustion. The major sources of SO2 are the burning of sulfur-containing fossil fuels (mainly

coal), with lesser amounts caused by industrial processes such as smelting. The control of SO2

emissions can be accomplished by burning coal or oil with a relatively low sulfur content. Newer

boilers may be equipped with flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems that use a caustic solution

to scrub SO2 from the exhaust gas stream.

In 2010, U.S. EPA revised the NAAQS for

SO2 by establishing a 1-hour standard at a

level of 75 ppb based on the 3-year

average of the annual 99th percentile of 1-

hour daily maximum concentrations. In

the same action, the primary annual and

24-hour standards in effect were revoked.

The 3-hour 500 ppb secondary standard

was retained.

Sampling Method

Sulfur dioxide is measured continuously by instruments using ultraviolet fluorescent techniques.

The analyzers irradiate and air sample with ultraviolet light. Sulfur dioxide gas molecules absorb

a portion of this energy, and then re-emit the energy at a characteristic wavelength of light. This

light energy emitted by SO2 molecules is sensed by a photomultiplier tube and converted to an

electronic signal proportional to the concentration of SO2 present. All concentrations for SO2 are

reported in ppb.

Table 9 on the following pages summarizes key data statistics in 2017 for the 34 SO2 sites in Ohio

for the primary 1-hour standard.

A Gavin Power Plant SO2 Site

Page | 40

Table 9. SO2 Summary Statistics

Sulfur dioxide (42401) 1-hr Parts per billion

County Site ID POC City Complete quarters Obs

1st Max 1-hr

2nd Max 1-hr

99th Percentile

1st Max 24-hr

2nd Max 24-hr

Days > 24-hr standard Mean

Adams 39-001-0001 1 West Union 4 8215 17 16 12 3.3 2.5 0 0.63

Allen 39-003-0009 1 Lima 4 8375 6 3 2 1.1 0.9 0 0.04

Ashtabula 39-007-1001 1 Conneaut 4 8367 9 8 5 3.8 3 0 0.53

Belmont 39-013-0006 1 Shadyside 4 8359 7 5 4 1.9 0.9 0 0.06

Butler 39-017-0019 1 Middletown 4 8549 39 36 28 7.3 6.2 0 1.38



Clark 39-023-0003 1 Enon 4 8691 5 4 4 2 1.5 0 0.16

Columbiana 39-029-0019 1 East Liverpool 4 8375 18 10 9 2.8 2.7 0 0.66

Cuyahoga 39-035-0038 2 Cleveland 4 8528 53 47 38 14.2 13.9 0 1.08



Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 2 Cleveland 4 8169 99.1 62.9 41.1 8.9 8.2 0 0.83

Cuyahoga 39-035-0065 1 Newburgh Heights 4 8452 37 28 17 5.6 5 0 0.7

Franklin 39-049-0034 1 Columbus 4 8358 6 4 3 0.9 0.8 0 0.05

Gallia 39-053-0004 1 Cheshire 4 8276 51.2 48.2 27.3 8.4 8.2 0 1.87

Gallia 39-053-0005 1 Cheshire 4 8322 45.9 38.8 34.4 8.5 7.9 0 1.39

Gallia 39-053-0006 1 Cheshire 4 8134 77 40 38 7.7 7.1 0 0.61

Hamilton 39-061-0010 2 Cleves 4 8665 34 21 19 3.6 3.3 0 0.42

Hamilton 39-061-0040 1 Cincinnati 4 8137 21 17.4 12.4 3.4 2.9 0 1.09

Jefferson 39-081-0017 1 Steubenville 4 8104 20 19 18 5.9 5 0 0.88

Jefferson 39-081-0018 1 Wells Township 4 8357 96 42 34 9.1 5.6 0 1.32

Jefferson 39-081-0020 1 Brilliant 4 8352 63 50 13 8.6 4.9 0 0.81

Lake 39-085-0003 1 Eastlake 4 8679 6 5 5 3.2 2.6 0 0.31

Lake 39-085-0007 1 Painesville 4 8706 51 48 29 10.9 8.7 0 0.38

Lawrence 39-087-0012 1 Ironton 4 8304 6 6 5 1.8 1.7 0 0.17

Lucas 39-095-0008 2 Toledo 4 7957 18 16 14 3.7 3.1 0 0.36

Mahoning 39-099-0013 1 Youngstown 4 8300 5 5 4 3.8 2.1 0 0.08

Morgan 39-115-0004 1 Center Township 4 8366 40 26 17 5.3 4.3 0 0.48

Preble 39-135-1001 1 New Paris 4 7957 17.9 10 6.7 2 1.8 0 0.27

Scioto 39-145-0013 1 Portsmouth 4 8234 4 4 4 1.2 1.1 0 0.17

Page | 41

Sulfur dioxide (42401) 1-hr Parts per billion

County Site ID POC City Complete quarters Obs

1st Max 1-hr

2nd Max 1-hr

99th Percentile

1st Max 24-hr

2nd Max 24-hr

Days > 24-hr standard Mean

Scioto 39-145-0020 1 Franklin Furnace 4 8653 15.4 13.8 12.7 3.6 3.4 0 1.07

Scioto 39-145-0022 1 Franklin Furnace 4 8638 15.3 12.5 9.5 2.8 2.8 0 1.13

Summit 39-153-0017 1 Akron 4 8035 15 4 3 1.4 1.3 0 0.1

Summit 39-153-0025 1 Akron 4 8315 8 7 4 1.1 1.1 0 0.08

Page | 42

E. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Nitrogen dioxide is formed in high temperature combustion processes, when nitrogen in the air

is oxidized to nitric oxide (NO) or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The major sources of NO2 are high

temperature fuel combustion, motor vehicles, and certain chemical processes. NO2 is also a

significant pollutant because the combination of NO2 and ground level hydrocarbon compounds

causes the production of photochemical oxidants, primarily ozone (O3).

In 2010, U.S. EPA revised the NAAQS for NO2 by adding a 1-hour standard which is the three-year

average of the annual 98th percentile values. The standard is 100 ppb, which is not to be

exceeded. The annual NAAQS of 53 ppb was retained.

Sampling Method

Continuous monitoring of NO2 is based on a chemiluminescent reaction between NO and O3.

When these two gases react, ultraviolet light at a specific wavelength is produced. In the monitor,

ambient air is drawn along two paths. In the first path, the air is reacted directly with ozone, and

the light energy produced is proportional to the amount of nitric oxide in the air. In the second

path, the air is reacted with ozone after it passes through a catalytic reduction surface. The

reduction surface converts NO2 to NO and the light energy produced is a measure of the total

oxides of nitrogen in the air sample. The electronic difference of these two signals yields the

concentration of NO2. All concentrations for NO2 are reported in ppb.

Table 10 on the following page summarizes key data statistics in 2017 for the seven NO2 sites in

Ohio.

Cincinnati's NO2 Near Road Site

Page | 43

Table 10. NO2 Summary Statistics

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (parts per billion)

County Site ID POC City Complete Quarters Obs

% Complete

1st Max 1-hour

2nd Max 1-hour

98th Percentile Mean

Belmont 39-013-0006 1 Shadyside 4 8371 96 35 33 28 6.94

Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 1 Cleveland 4 7985 91 50 49 46 11.37

Cuyahoga 39-035-0073 1 Warrensville Heights 4 8190 93 68 47 38 8.84

Franklin 39-049-0037 1 Columbus 4 8291 95 50 47 37 8.09

Franklin 39-049-0038 1 Columbus 4 8352 95 49 46 40 11.09

Hamilton 39-061-0040 1 Cincinnati 3 7524 86 54 45 39 7.4

Hamilton 39-061-0048 1 Cincinnati 4 8529 97 60 59 51 19.85

Page | 44

F. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas and the most abundant and widely distributed

NAAQS pollutant found in the lower atmosphere. It is produced by the incomplete combustion

of carbon containing fuels, primarily in the internal combustion engine.

The NAAQS for CO are a 1-hour limit of 35 ppm, which is not to be exceeded more than once per

year. The 9 ppm, 8-hour limit is not to be exceeded more than once per year.

Sampling Method

Carbon monoxide is monitored continuously by

analyzers that operate on the infrared absorption

principle. Air is drawn into a sample chamber and a

beam of infrared light is passed through it. CO absorbs

infrared radiation, and any decrease in the intensity of

the beam is due to the presence of CO molecules. This

decrease is directly related to the concentration of CO

in the air. A special detector measures the difference

in the radiation between this beam and a duplicate

beam passing through a reference chamber with no

CO present. This difference in intensity is electronically

translated into a reading of the CO, measured in parts

per million (ppm).

Table 11 on the following page summarizes key data statistics in 2017 for the 14 CO sites in Ohio.

Akron's center city CO site

Page | 45

Table 11. CO Summary Statistics

Carbon monoxide (parts per million)

County Site ID POC City Obs 1st Max

1-hour 2nd Max

1-hour Obs >1-hr

NAAQS 1st Max

8-hr 2nd Max

8-hr Obs >8-hr

NAAQS

Belmont 39-013-0006 1 Shadyside 8689 0.8 0.7 0 0.5 0.5 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0051 1 Cleveland 8541 5.5 5.4 0 3.9 3.3 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 1 Cleveland 8114 1.995 1.818 0 1 0.8 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0073 1 Warrensville Heights 8174 0.745 0.733 0 0.6 0.6 0

Franklin 39-049-0005 1 Columbus 8554 2.1 1.9 0 1.6 1.6 0

Franklin 39-049-0038 1 Columbus 8650 1.6 1.3 0 1 1 0

Hamilton 39-061-0040 1 Cincinnati 7435 2.112 1.636 0 1 1 0

Hamilton 39-061-0048 1 Cincinnati 8285 1.464 1.446 0 1.3 1.2 0

Lake 39-085-0006 1 Mentor 8696 3.9 3.5 0 3.3 2.8 0

Montgomery 39-113-0034 1 Dayton 8630 2 1.9 0 1.3 1 0

Preble 39-135-1001 1 New Paris 8150 0.729 0.67 0 0.4 0.4 0

Stark 39-151-0020 1 Canton 8583 1.6 1.5 0 1.3 1.2 0

Summit 39-153-0020 1 Akron 8685 1.8 1.5 0 1.2 0.9 0

Summit 39-153-0025 1 Akron 8315 1.7 1.5 0 1.3 0.9 0

Page | 46

G. Ozone (O3) Ozone differs from other pollutants in that it is not directly emitted into the atmosphere from

sources. Rather, it is created photochemically in the lower atmosphere by the reaction of volatile

organic compounds and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in the presence of sunlight. For this reason, it is

referred to as a secondary pollutant. Ozone is the predominant oxidant component of

photochemical smog.

In urban areas, nitrogen oxides are emitted primarily from combustion sources such as the

internal combustion engine, electric power generation units, and gas and oil-fired boilers. Volatile

organic compounds, important in sustaining the reactions, are emitted in the exhausts of

gasoline, diesel and jet engines, through the evaporation of gasoline and solvents such as dry-

cleaning fluids, from industrial and non-industrial surface coating operations such as paint

booths, from open burning, and other combustion sources.

The ozone NAAQS has been revised frequently. Prior to 1997, the 1-hour standard was 0.12 ppm,

with a violation occurring at more than three exceedances. In 1997, the standard was supplanted

with an 8-hour average of 0.08 ppm where a violation occurred when the annual 4th highest daily

maximum 8-hour concentration averaged over three years exceeded the standard. In 2006, the

1-hour standard was revoked. Then, in 2008, the 8-hour standard was lowered to 0.075 ppm (75

ppb). In 2015, the standard was revised to 0.070 ppm, where a violation occurs when the annual

4th highest daily maximum 8-hour average concentration averaged over three years exceeds the

standard.

Sampling Method

Ozone is monitored continuously during the

ozone season. Beginning in 2017, the ozone

season begins March 1 and extends through

October 31.

An ozone analyzer operates using ultraviolet

absorption. The air sample is drawn into the

analyzer and irradiated with an ultraviolet light of

253.7 nanometers wavelength. The amount of

light absorbed is related to the amount of ozone

present.

Table 12 through Table 16 on the following pages summarize key data statistics in 2017 for the

51 O3 sites in Ohio. All concentrations for ozone are reported in parts per million (ppm).

Middletown Ozone Site

Page | 47

Table 12. O3 1-Hour Summary Statistics

Ozone 1-hour (parts per million)

County Site ID POC City

Valid Days

Measured

Number of Days in

Season

1st Max

2nd Max

3rd Max

4th Max Exceedances

Allen 39-003-0009 1 Lima 245 245 0.078 0.077 0.073 0.072 0

Ashtabula 39-007-1001 1 Conneaut 245 245 0.095 0.09 0.078 0.074 0

Butler 39-017-0018 1 Middletown 245 245 0.09 0.088 0.087 0.082 0

Butler 39-017-0023 1 Hamilton 245 245 0.086 0.085 0.083 0.078 0

Butler 39-017-9991 1 Oxford Township 213 245 0.083 0.075 0.074 0.073 0

Clark 39-023-0001 1 Springfield 245 245 0.079 0.078 0.075 0.074 0

Clark 39-023-0003 1 Enon 244 245 0.078 0.077 0.075 0.073 0

Clermont 39-025-0022 1 Batavia 243 245 0.082 0.082 0.075 0.075 0

Clinton 39-027-1002 1 Wilmington 245 245 0.089 0.079 0.075 0.075 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0034 1 Cleveland 241 245 0.085 0.082 0.078 0.077 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 1 Cleveland 359 365 0.073 0.07 0.068 0.067 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0064 1 Berea 241 245 0.084 0.081 0.073 0.071 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-5002 1 Mayfield 240 245 0.081 0.08 0.08 0.079 0

Delaware 39-041-0002 1 Delaware 245 245 0.072 0.071 0.071 0.071 0

Fayette 39-047-9991 1 Mt. Sterling 237 245 0.083 0.073 0.072 0.071 0

Franklin 39-049-0029 1 New Albany 245 245 0.084 0.076 0.076 0.075 0

Franklin 39-049-0037 1 Columbus 244 245 0.077 0.076 0.073 0.072 0

Franklin 39-049-0081 1 Columbus 245 245 0.073 0.071 0.071 0.071 0

Geauga 39-055-0004 1 Chardon 245 245 0.085 0.082 0.081 0.079 0

Greene 39-057-0006 1 Xenia 245 245 0.079 0.073 0.073 0.073 0

Hamilton 39-061-0006 1 Blue Ash 244 245 0.091 0.088 0.084 0.082 0

Hamilton 39-061-0010 1 Cleves 232 245 0.08 0.079 0.079 0.077 0

Hamilton 39-061-0040 1 Cincinnati 364 365 0.087 0.086 0.085 0.083 0

Jefferson 39-081-0017 1 Steubenville 244 245 0.07 0.067 0.066 0.066 0

Knox 39-083-0002 1 Centerburg 245 245 0.074 0.072 0.07 0.07 0

Lake 39-085-0003 1 Eastlake 244 245 0.099 0.089 0.08 0.078 0

Lake 39-085-0007 1 Painesville 245 245 0.087 0.083 0.079 0.076 0

Lawrence 39-087-0011 1 Willow Wood 239 245 0.072 0.071 0.07 0.068 0

Lawrence 39-087-0012 1 Ironton 242 245 0.071 0.069 0.069 0.067 0

Page | 48


County Site ID POC City

Valid Days

Measured

Number of Days in

Season

1st Max

2nd Max

3rd Max

4th Max Exceedances

Licking 39-089-0005 1 Heath (Fourmile Lock) 245 245 0.076 0.074 0.073 0.071 0

Lorain 39-093-0018 1 Sheffield 244 245 0.088 0.082 0.076 0.074 0

Lucas 39-095-0024 1 Toledo 244 245 0.085 0.07 0.07 0.07 0

Lucas 39-095-0027 1 Waterville 245 245 0.082 0.077 0.077 0.074 0

Lucas 39-095-0035 1 Curtice 243 245 0.097 0.082 0.079 0.077 0

Madison 39-097-0007 1 Paint Township 244 245 0.074 0.073 0.073 0.072 0

Mahoning 39-099-0013 1 Youngstown 240 245 0.071 0.062 0.06 0.06 0

Medina 39-103-0004 1 Westfield Township 243 245 0.077 0.076 0.074 0.073 0

Miami 39-109-0005 1 Casstown 245 245 0.076 0.075 0.074 0.073 0

Montgomery 39-113-0037 1 Dayton 244 245 0.085 0.078 0.076 0.076 0

Noble 39-121-9991 1 Wayne Township 238 245 0.071 0.069 0.069 0.068 0

Portage 39-133-1001 1 Kent 243 245 0.095 0.078 0.075 0.074 0

Preble 39-135-1001 1 New Paris 363 365 0.075 0.075 0.074 0.072 0

Stark 39-151-0016 1 Canton 245 245 0.071 0.07 0.07 0.07 0

Stark 39-151-0022 1 Brewster 245 245 0.076 0.074 0.07 0.07 0

Stark 39-151-4005 1 Alliance 243 245 0.082 0.082 0.079 0.073 0

Summit 39-153-0020 1 Akron 242 245 0.093 0.079 0.078 0.073 0

Trumbull 39-155-0011 1 Vienna 210 245 0.084 0.075 0.075 0.074 0

Trumbull 39-155-0013 1 Kinsman 245 245 0.076 0.072 0.07 0.068 0

Warren 39-165-0007 1 Lebanon 242 245 0.078 0.078 0.077 0.077 0

Washington 39-167-0004 1 Marietta 245 245 0.076 0.071 0.069 0.068 0

Wood 39-173-0003 1 Bowling Green 245 245 0.076 0.072 0.071 0.071 0

Page | 49

Table 13. O3 8-Hour Summary Statistics


County Site ID POC City Obs %

Obs

Valid Days

Measured

Number of Days in

Season 1st

Max 2nd

Max 3rd

Max 4th

Max Exceedances

Allen 39-003-0009 1 Lima 5849 100 244 245 0.074 0.07 0.07 0.069 1

Ashtabula 39-007-1001 1 Conneaut 5866 100 245 245 0.083 0.073 0.07 0.069 2

Butler 39-017-0018 1 Middletown 5877 100 245 245 0.076 0.072 0.072 0.07 3

Butler 39-017-0023 1 Hamilton 5865 100 245 245 0.078 0.075 0.073 0.072 4

Butler 39-017-9991 1 Oxford Township 7851 86 210 245 0.071 0.071 0.07 0.069 2

Clark 39-023-0001 1 Springfield 5871 100 245 245 0.072 0.071 0.07 0.068 2

Clark 39-023-0003 1 Enon 5858 99 243 245 0.07 0.07 0.069 0.068 0

Clermont 39-025-0022 1 Batavia 5827 98 241 245 0.079 0.075 0.07 0.068 2

Clinton 39-027-1002 1 Wilmington 5868 100 245 245 0.083 0.073 0.071 0.07 3

Cuyahoga 39-035-0034 1 Cleveland 5725 96 236 245 0.078 0.071 0.07 0.069 2

Cuyahoga 39-035-0060 1 Cleveland 8464 95 347 365 0.07 0.064 0.064 0.061 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-0064 1 Berea 5784 98 240 245 0.068 0.067 0.065 0.064 0

Cuyahoga 39-035-5002 1 Mayfield 5719 97 237 245 0.076 0.072 0.071 0.068 3

Delaware 39-041-0002 1 Delaware 5858 100 244 245 0.067 0.067 0.061 0.06 0

Fayette 39-047-9991 1 Mt. Sterling 8578 97 237 245 0.075 0.07 0.068 0.066 1

Franklin 39-049-0029 1 New Albany 5873 100 245 245 0.074 0.073 0.07 0.07 2

Franklin 39-049-0037 1 Columbus 5837 99 243 245 0.071 0.068 0.067 0.066 1

Franklin 39-049-0081 1 Columbus 5865 100 245 245 0.07 0.065 0.065 0.064 0

Geauga 39-055-0004 1 Chardon 5871 100 245 245 0.077 0.074 0.073 0.071 4

Greene 39-057-0006 1 Xenia 5871 100 245 245 0.071 0.07 0.07 0.065 1

Hamilton 39-061-0006 1 Blue Ash 5868 100 244 245 0.079 0.076 0.075 0.072 5

Hamilton 39-061-0010 1 Cleves 5564 94 230 245 0.073 0.068 0.068 0.068 2

Hamilton 39-061-0040 1 Cincinnati 8747 100 364 365 0.079 0.078 0.078 0.071 4

Jefferson 39-081-0017 1 Steubenville 5846 99 243 245 0.065 0.061 0.058 0.058 0

Knox 39-083-0002 1 Centerburg 5873 100 245 245 0.07 0.067 0.065 0.063 0

Lake 39-085-0003 1 Eastlake 5858 100 244 245 0.084 0.082 0.073 0.073 5

Lake 39-085-0007 1 Painesville 5865 100 245 245 0.083 0.075 0.073 0.072 4

Lawrence 39-087-0011 1 Willow Wood 5631 95 233 245 0.068 0.065 0.062 0.062 0

Lawrence 39-087-0012 1 Ironton 5825 99 242 245 0.065 0.064 0.062 0.06 0

Licking 39-089-0005 1 Heath (Fourmile Lock)

5862 100 245 245 0.07 0.066 0.066 0.065 0

Page | 50


County Site ID POC City Obs %

Obs

Valid Days

Measured

Number of Days in

Season 1st

Max 2nd

Max 3rd

Max 4th

Max Exceedances

Lorain 39-093-0018 1 Sheffield 5787 98 241 245 0.071 0.068 0.066 0.065 1

Lucas 39-095-0024 1 Toledo 5817 98 240 245 0.066 0.066 0.066 0.065 0

Lucas 39-095-0027 1 Waterville 5841 100 245 245 0.076 0.068 0.066 0.066 1

Lucas 39-095-0035 1 Curtice 5817 99 242 245 0.078 0.073 0.07 0.069 2

Madison 39-097-0007 1 Paint Township 5842 99 242 245 0.072 0.07 0.066 0.066 1

Mahoning 39-099-0013 1 Youngstown 5732 97 238 245 0.064 0.058 0.055 0.055 0

Medina 39-103-0004 1 Westfield Township 5781 98 241 245 0.07 0.068 0.066 0.064 0

Miami 39-109-0005 1 Casstown 5871 100 245 245 0.071 0.069 0.067 0.067 1

Montgomery 39-113-0037 1 Dayton 5862 99 243 245 0.071 0.07 0.07 0.07 1

Noble 39-121-9991 1 Wayne Township 8512 95 233 245 0.069 0.064 0.064 0.063 0

Portage 39-133-1001 1 Kent 5770 98 241 245 0.069 0.068 0.065 0.065 0

Preble 39-135-1001 1 New Paris 8712 99 361 365 0.073 0.069 0.069 0.067 1

Stark 39-151-0016 1 Canton 5760 99 242 245 0.066 0.065 0.064 0.063 0

Stark 39-151-0022 1 Brewster 5770 98 240 245 0.068 0.066 0.065 0.063 0

Stark 39-151-4005 1 Alliance 5761 98 239 245 0.076 0.072 0.07 0.068 2

Summit 39-153-0020 1 Akron 5771 98 239 245 0.069 0.067 0.067 0.066 0

Trumbull 39-155-0011 1 Vienna 5047 83 204 245 0.075 0.069 0.067 0.065 1

Trumbull 39-155-0013 1 Kinsman 5857 100 244 245 0.067 0.067 0.065 0.062 0

Warren 39-165-0007 1 Lebanon 5795 98 239 245 0.075 0.069 0.068 0.068 1

Washington 39-167-0004 1 Marietta 5874 100 245 245 0.069 0.064 0.062 0.062 0

Wood 39-173-0003 1 Bowling Green 5855 100 244 245 0.069 0.067 0.067 0.065 0

Page | 51

Table 14. Three-year Average of 4th High 8-Hour O3 Averages (ppm)

Site ID County City

4th high in Year 3 Year

2015 2016 2017 Average 39-003-0009 Allen Lima 0.064 0.068 0.069 0.067

39-007-1001 Ashtabula Conneaut 0.070 0.072 0.069 0.070 39-017-0004

Butler

Hamilton 0.070 0.076 39-017-0018 Middletown 0.070 0.074 0.070 0.071 39-017-0023 0.072 39-023-0001

Clark Springfield 0.071 0.071 0.068 0.070

39-023-0003 0.069 0.070 0.068 0.069 39-025-0022 Clermont 0.070 0.073 0.068 0.070 39-027-1002 Clinton 0.070 0.071 0.070 0.070 39-035-0034

Cuyahoga

Cleveland 0.067 0.070 0.069 0.069 39-035-0060 Cleveland 0.063 0.063 0.061 0.062

39-035-0064 Berea 0.066 0.068 0.064 0.066 39-035-5002 Mayfield 0.072 0.071 0.068 0.070 39-041-0002 Delaware 0.068 0.067 0.060 0.065 39-049-0029

Franklin New Albany 0.071 0.072 0.070 0.071

39-049-0037 Columbus 0.064 0.067 0.066 0.065

39-049-0081 Columbus 0.063 0.071 0.064 0.066 39-055-0004 Geauga 0.073 0.077 0.071 0.073 39-057-0006 Greene Xenia 0.071 0.069 0.065 0.068 39-061-0006

Hamilton 0.072 0.075 0.072 0.073

39-061-0010 0.070 0.073 0.068 0.070

39-061-0040 Cincinnati 0.071 0.073 0.071 0.071 39-081-0017 Jefferson Steubenville 0.066 0.062 0.058 0.062 39-083-0002 Knox 0.071 0.066 0.063 0.066 39-085-0003

Lake Eastlake 0.074 0.076 0.073 0.074

39-085-0007 Painesville 0.070 0.069 0.072 0.070

39-087-0011 Lawrence

0.065 0.065 0.062 0.064 39-087-0012 Ironton 0.069 0.070 0.060 0.066 39-089-0005 Licking Heath 0.068 0.067 0.065 0.066 39-093-0018 Lorain Lorain 0.062 0.070 0.065 0.065 39-095-0024

Lucas

Toledo 0.063 0.070 0.065 0.066

39-095-0027 Waterville 0.063 0.065 0.066 0.065 39-095-0034 Toledo 0.064 0.063 39-095-0035 Toledo 0.062 0.069 39-097-0007 Madison 0.069 0.068 0.066 0.068

39-099-0013 Mahoning Youngstown 0.069 0.054 0.055 0.059 39-103-0004 Medina 0.063 0.066 0.064 0.064 39-109-0005 Miami 0.068 0.069 0.067 0.068 39-113-0037 Montgomery Dayton 0.070 0.072 0.070 0.070

39-133-1001 Portage 0.064 0.059 0.065 0.062 39-135-1001 Preble 0.067 0.069 0.067 0.067 39-151-0016

Stark Canton 0.072 0.072 0.063 0.069

39-151-0022 Brewster 0.068 0.067 0.063 0.066 39-151-4005 Alliance 0.067 0.071 0.068 0.069

39-153-0020 Summit Akron 0.065 0.061 0.066 0.064 39-155-0011

Trumbull 0.070 0.071 0.065 0.068

39-155-0013 Kinsman 0.066 0.070 0.062 0.066 39-165-0007 Warren Lebanon 0.071 0.074 0.068 0.071

39-167-0004 Washington Marietta 0.068 0.064 0.062 0.064 39-173-0003 Wood Bowling Green 0.062 0.066 0.065 0.064 = insufficient data for valid statistical average

data for valid statistical average

Page | 52

Table 15. Total days of 8-Hour Ozone Exceedances Statewide and Date of First Seasonal Exceedance (2008-2017)

Year Date Exceedances/Sites*

2008 standard 75 ppb

2015 standard 70 ppb

2008 17 April 42 / 49

2009 20 May 16 / 51

2010 2 April 45 / 50

2011 4 June 44 / 52

2012 15 May 50 / 51

2013 15 May 13 / 51

2014 21 April 10 / 51

2015 6 May 35 / 51

2016 17 April 43 / 52

2017 15 May 30 / 51 * Number of sites with exceedances during ozone monitoring season / total number of sites operated across Ohio

Table 16. Last Ozone Exceedance Dates 8-Hour Standard (2008-2017)

Year Date Sites*

Statewide Max on Final Day of Seasonal Exceedance

2008 Standard 75 ppb

2015 Standard 70 ppb

2008 21 September 1 78

2009 27 June 1 76

2010 11 October 1 76


2012 25 August 5 84


2014 12 July 1 77


2016 23 September 10 76

2017 26 September 2 74 *Standard applied is 2008 NAAQS for ozone of 75ppb. Values for 2016 and 2017 apply 2015 standard 70 ppb.

Page | 53

H. Lead (Pb) Airborne lead (Pb) was historically caused by vehicles using leaded fuels. Now the primary

sources of airborne lead include lead smelting facilities, lead-acid storage battery manufacturing

plants and other manufacturing operations.

In the period from 1978 to 1991, lead

concentrations at traffic-oriented sites dropped by

over 90%, reflecting the removal of lead from

gasoline. In 1999, the U.S. EPA eliminated the

requirement for traffic-oriented sites and shifted

focus to monitoring at industrial sources. Ohio EPA

discontinued monitoring at traffic-oriented sites in

1999.

In November of 2008, U.S. EPA changed the NAAQS for lead from 1.5 µg/m3 as a calendar quarter

average to a lower standard of 0.15 µg/m3 as a rolling three-month average. This revised standard

is designed to provide increased protection to the public, particularly children. The newest lead

standard requires monitoring at lead sources that report emissions of greater than 0.5 tons per

year. Lead monitoring is required at NCore sites in Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs) of

500,000 or more persons. There are three sites in Ohio that meet these criteria: Cincinnati,

Cleveland and Dayton.

Sampling Method

Lead concentrations in ambient air are determined by the U.S EPA reference method. Lead

samples are collected as total suspended particulate matter (TSP) on glass fiber filters according

to 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix B, Reference method for the Determination of Suspended Particulate

Matter in the Atmosphere. These filters are then analyzed by the manual Equivalent method:

EQL-0710-192, “Heated Nitric Acid Hot Block Digestion and ICP/MS analysis for Lead (Pb) on TSP

High-volume filters”. In this method, one ¾”x 8” portion or strip, of the TSP filter is dissolved in a

solution of nitric acid, heated on a hot block, on which the solution is reduced to final volume for

analysis. The extracted solution is then analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass

spectrometry, (ICP/MS) to determine the amount of lead collected on the original filter. Sites that

are being used to meet monitoring network requirements have individual sampling events (days)

analyzed.

Concentrations are reported in micrograms per cubic meter of air (µg/m3). Table 17 on the

following page summarizes key data statistics in 2017 for the 13 Lead sites in Ohio.

East Liverpool Lead Site

Page | 54

Table 17. Lead Summary Statistics

Lead (micrograms/cubic meter)

County Site ID City Max 3-Month

Average Month of

Max Valid

Months

Columbiana 39-029-0019 East Liverpool .02 January 12



Cuyahoga 39-035-0038 Cleveland .01 January 12

Cuyahoga 39-035-0042 Cleveland .01 January 12

Cuyahoga 39-035-0049 Cleveland .02 September 12

Cuyahoga 39-035-0061 Cleveland .03 October 11

Franklin 39-049-0039 Columbus .01 January 12

Fulton 39-051-0001 Delta .11 January 11

Marion 39-101-0003 Marion .02 February 12

Marion 39-101-0004 Marion .01 January 12

Stark 39-151-0024 Canton .14 June 7

Washington 39-167-0008 Marietta 0 January 11

Page | 55

V. AIR TOXICS MONITORING 2016

A. Introduction Ohio EPA operates a network of air toxics monitors as part of a state-wide Air Toxics Monitoring

Program (ATMP). This sampling network is modeled after programs and methods recommended

by U.S. EPA. The emphasis has been on urban toxics monitoring for volatile organic compounds

and heavy metals. Following this introduction, there are brief sections describing sampling and

analytical procedures for the pollutants monitored.

The principle focus of the ATMP is urban monitoring – looking for risks in areas where people

live. In support of this effort, air toxics monitoring has concentrated on the following groups of

compounds:

• volatile organic compounds (VOC) o examples: benzene, chloroform, styrene, toluene

• heavy metals o examples: beryllium, manganese

Intermittent air sampling has been conducted at semi-permanent monitoring sites (where

monitoring extends beyond a six-month period) for VOCs and heavy metals.

Page | 56

Past sampling efforts have included:

• Cross Media pollution monitoring • Urban air toxics • Great Lakes deposition monitoring • Source monitoring • Post-remediation Monitoring • Complaint investigation • Emergency Episode Monitoring • Emissions verification

During 2017, DAPC was involved in several minor monitoring projects throughout the state. The

sampling and analytical methods for VOCs and heavy metals are described below.

B. Volatile Organic Compound Sampling and Analysis Sampling Method

A major component of the Air Toxics Monitoring Program is ambient sampling for volatile organic

compounds (VOCs) which are compounds that are generally found in the vapor state. Most VOC

samples were collected using a whole air sampling system that pumps ambient air into a

stainless-steel canister, which allows an air sample to be maintained virtually unchanged until it

is analyzed. Samples can also be collected using only the vacuum of the canister to draw in an air

sample. These vacuum-filled “grab” samples usually take only a few minutes to collect and are

useful for collecting transient odors or potentially high concentration samples. Ohio EPA is now

capable of collecting specific samples for 1-, 3-, 8-, and 24-hours using this grab sampling method.

Samples at the semi-permanent sampling sites are collected consistent with the national air

toxics monitoring schedule of once every 12th day or every 6th day over a 24-hour sampling

period. Specific procedures for this type of sampling can be found in U.S. EPA’s Compendium of

Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compound in Ambient Air in the section TO-15.

Analysis

The volatile tendency of VOCs allows them to be vaporized when heated, if not already in a

gaseous state, and injected into an analytical device called a gas chromatograph (GC). As a sample

passes through a GC column, various compounds separate out of the sample mixture. As the

individual compounds exit the column, a detector records a response. That response is illustrated

on a chromatogram as a peak, the area of which indicates the concentration of the compound.

Compound identification is accomplished by comparing peak retention times with those from a

chromatogram of a known mixture of compounds. Retention time is the time it takes for a

particular compound to reach the detector. As long as analytical conditions remain the same, a

compound from one analysis to the next will have the same retention time. The GC is combined

with a special detector called a mass spectrometer (MS). The combination, GC/MS, analyzes a

sample by separating it into its individual components which form a fingerprint by which a

compound can be identified.

Page | 57

Most canister samples collected by DAPC were analyzed by the Ohio EPA Division of

Environmental Services (DES). Canister samples from counties under jurisdiction of Southwest

Ohio Air Quality Agency were analyzed by a third-party lab. Laboratory analytical methods for

VOC detection must follow procedures outlined in 40 CFR Part 136 for determining the analytical

equipment's Method Detection Limit (MDL) for each compound.

A separate Reporting Limit (RL) is based on the equipment's practical quantitation limits. Any

amount below the MDL is considered noise and is reported as a non-detection (ND). Any amount

equal to or greater than the MDL and less than the RL is reported, but the value is flagged and

considered positive detection of the compound with an estimated concentration. Concentrations

equal to or above the RL are reported without caveat, unless otherwise qualified. Most VOC

target compounds' RL is 0.1 ppbv.

Table 18 on the following page lists target compounds for VOC analysis. Table 19 summarizes

state-wide results for 24-hour samples of each target compound. Non-detections or zero values

are not included in the calculated averages reported in the tables below, i.e., the reported

average is the mean of all detected values equal to or above the MDL. Table 20 on page 61 has

information about VOC sites operating in 2017, and Table 21 provides a summary of all VOC

parameters for each site.

Page | 58

Table 18. DES VOC Target Compound List For TO-15 Analysis

CAS # Compound Name CAS # Compound Name CAS # Compound Name

1 000079-34-5 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 26 000075-25-2 Bromoform 51 000078-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone

2 000076-13-1 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 27 000074-83-9 Bromomethane 52 000108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone

3 000079-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 28 000075-15-0 Carbon disulfide 53 000080-62-6 Methyl methacrylate

4 000075-34-3 1,1-Dichloroethane 29 000056-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 54 001634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether

5 000075-35-4 1,1-Dichloroethylene 30 000108-90-7 Chlorobenzene 55 000091-20-3 Naphthalene

6 000120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 31 000075-00-3 Chloroethane 56 000106-97-8 n-Butane

7 000095-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 32 000067-66-3 Chloroform 57 000142-82-5 n-Heptane

8 000095-50-1 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 33 000074-87-3 Chloromethane 58 000110-54-3 n-Hexane

9 000078-87-5 1,2-Dichloropropane 34 000156-59-2 cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 59 000111-84-2 n-Nonane

10 000108-67-8 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 35 000110-82-7 Cyclohexane 60 000109-66-0 n-Pentane

11 000106-99-0 1,3-Butadiene 36 000124-48-1 Dibromochloromethane 61 000103-65-1 n-Propylbenzene

12 000541-73-1 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 37 000075-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane 62 000095-47-6 o-Xylene

13 000542-75-6 1,3-Dichloropropene(total) 38 000075-09-2 Dichloromethane 63 000622-96-8 p-Ethyltoluene

14 000106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 39 000141-78-6 Ethyl acetate 64 000115-07-1 Propylene

15 000123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane 40 000064-17-5 Ethyl alcohol 65 000100-42-5 Styrene

16 000540-84-1 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 41 000100-41-4 Ethylbenzene 66 000075-65-0 tert-butyl alcohol

17 000095-49-8 2-chlorotoluene 42 000106-93-4 Ethylene dibromide 67 000127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene

18 000067-63-0 2-Proponol 43 000107-06-2 Ethylene dichloride 68 000108-88-3 Toluene

19 000107-05-1 3-Chloropropene 44 000076-14-2 Freon 114 69 000156-60-5 trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene

20 000067-64-1 Acetone 45 000109-99-9 Furan, tetrahydro- 70 010061-02-6 trans-1,3-Dichloropropene

21 000107-02-8 Acrolein - Unverified 46 000087-68-3 Hexachlorobutadiene 71 000079-01-6 Trichloroethylene

22 000107-13-1 Acrylonitrile 47 000098-82-8 Isopropylbenzene 72 000075-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane

23 000071-43-2 Benzene 48 No CAS m/p Xylene 73 000108-05-4 Vinyl acetate

24 000100-44-7 Benzyl chloride 49 000591-78-6 Methyl Butyl Ketone 74 000593-60-2 Vinyl bromide

25 000075-27-4 Bromodichloromethane 50 000071-55-6 Methyl chloroform 75 000075-01-4 Vinyl chloride

Page | 59

Table 19. VOC Summary of Statewide Canister Data

Compound

Concentration* (ppbv)

Frequency Detected

Reporting Limit Average Maximum

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 0.1 1.39 2.70 4/280

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 0.1 0.07 0.13 176/280

1,1,2-Trichloroethane 0.1 0/280

1,1-Dichloroethane 0.1 0.11 0.24 3/280

1,1-Dichloroethylene 0.1 0.07 0.11 3/280

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 0.5 0.38 0.60 4/280

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 0.1 0.12 2.20 199/280

1,2-Dichlorobenzene 0.1 0.06 0.06 1/280

1,2-Dichloropropane 0.1 0.06 0.06 1/280

1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 0.1 0.05 0.36 82/280

1,3-Butadiene 0.1 0.21 2.00 32/280

1,3-Dichlorobenzene 0.1 0/280

1,3-Dichloropropene(total) 0.1 0.04 0.05 2/280

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 0.1 1.27 3.60 3/280

1,4-Dioxane 0.2 0.02 0.02 1/201

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 0.2 0.12 3.78 166/201

2-chlorotoluene 0.1 0.05 0.05 1/201

2-Proponol 0.5 5.97 121.55 188/201

3-Chloropropene 0.1 0.08 0.08 1/201

Acetone 2 4.63 30.89 274/279

Acrolein - Unverified 0.5 0.43 2.97 197/200

Acrylonitrile 0.1 1.08 4.70 27/249

Benzene 0.1 0.51 13.40 270/279

Benzyl chloride 0.2 0.07 0.08 3/201

Bromodichloromethane 0.1 0/280

Bromoform 0.1 2.72 5.10 3/280

Bromomethane 0.1 0/280

Carbon disulfide 0.5 0.34 24.30 86/280

Carbon tetrachloride 0.1 0.09 0.27 185/280

Chlorobenzene 0.1 2.39 6.60 5/280

Chloroethane 0.1 0.11 0.11 1/280

Chloroform 0.1 0.14 0.30 21/280

Chloromethane 0.1 0.56 1.00 278/280

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 0.1 0.04 0.06 4/280

Cyclohexane 0.1 0.11 0.58 141/280

Dibromochloromethane 0.1 0/280

Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.1 0.51 0.97 277/280

Dichloromethane 0.1 0.20 4.10 212/280

Ethyl acetate 0.1 0.42 2.30 38/280

Ethyl alcohol 1 6.49 76.94 201/201

Ethylbenzene 0.1 0.12 1.40 169/280

Page | 60

Compound

Concentration* (ppbv)

Frequency Detected

Reporting Limit Average Maximum

Ethylene dibromide 0.1 0/280

Ethylene dichloride 0.1 0.06 0.06 2/280

Freon 114 0.1 0/280

Furan, tetrahydro- 0.2 0.10 2.12 84/280

Hexachlorobutadiene 0.1 0.13 0.13 1/280

Isopropylbenzene 0.1 0.03 0.07 26/201

m/p Xylene 0.2 0.29 2.70 196/280

Methyl Butyl Ketone 0.1 0.14 0.58 22/280

Methyl chloroform 0.1 0.06 0.06 1/280

Methyl ethyl ketone 0.5 0.57 6.22 241/280

Methyl isobutyl ketone 0.1 0.05 0.37 100/280

Methyl methacrylate 0.1 0.04 0.10 10/201

Methyl tert-butyl ether 0.1 0.05 0.05 1/280

Naphthalene 0.2 0.72 5.00 80/280

n-Butane 0.1 2.30 43.50 200/201

n-Heptane 0.1 0.12 0.95 194/280

n-Hexane 0.1 0.37 3.50 255/280

n-Nonane 0.1 0.06 2.65 147/201

n-Pentane 0.1 0.90 10.15 197/201

n-Propylbenzene 0.1 0.03 0.08 30/201

o-Xylene 0.1 0.11 0.95 175/280

p-Ethyltoluene 0.1 0.09 0.62 37/280

Propylene 0.2 0.85 5.41 216/280

Styrene 0.1 0.69 16.00 87/280

tert-butyl alcohol 0.5 0.14 0.70 56/201

Tetrachloroethylene 0.1 0.24 1.30 9/280

Toluene 0.1 0.53 4.31 274/280

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 0.1 0.05 0.06 2/280

trans-1,3-Dichloropropene 0.2 0.05 0.05 1/280

Trichloroethylene 0.1 0.16 0.45 7/280

Trichlorofluoromethane 0.1 0.23 0.49 267/280

Vinyl acetate 0.2 0.34 1.99 140/280

Vinyl bromide 0.1 0.04 0.05 2/201

Vinyl chloride 0.1 0/280

*Concentrations that fall under the RL are valid detections equal to or greater than the MDL

Page | 61

Table 20. VOC Sampling Site Identification

AQS # City County* Address

39-035-0038 Cleveland Cuyahoga - 1 2547 St. Tikhon Ave.

39-035-1002 Cleveland Cuyahoga - 2 16900 Holland Rd.

39-049-0034 Columbus Franklin - 1 Korbel Ave.

39-049-0039 Columbus Franklin - 2 580 E. Woodrow Ave.

39-061-0014 Cincinnati Hamilton - 1 Seymour & Vine St.

39-061-0047 Cincinnati Hamilton - 2 7529 Gracely Dr.

39-081-0017 Steubenville Jefferson 618 Logan St.

* Counties with multiple sites are referenced by county - # in the following summary table.

Canister inventory used for VOC sampling

Page | 62

Table 21. Summary of VOC results

Compound list

Average; Maximum (ppbv) Number of detections / total samples

Cuyahoga - 1 Cuyahoga - 2 Franklin - 1 Franklin - 2 Hamilton - 1 Hamilton - 2 Jefferson

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

2.65; 2.7 (2/30)

0.19; 0.19 (1/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 0.07; 0.09 (21/31)

0.07; 0.09 (19/29)

0.08; 0.1 (21/28)

0.08; 0.12 (43/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.07; 0.13 (30/49)

0.08; 0.12 (42/58)

1,1,2-Trichloroethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,1-Dichloroethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

0.24; 0.24 (1/30)

--; -- (0/49)

0.04; 0.04 (1/58)

1,1-Dichloroethylene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.11; 0.11 (1/49)

0.04; 0.04 (1/58)

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

0.6; 0.6 (1/30)

0.31; 0.33 (3/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 0.06; 0.17 (28/31)

0.06; 0.15 (23/29)

0.11; 0.3 (21/28)

0.1; 0.32 (45/55)

0.38; 1.1 (10/30)

0.32; 2.2 (16/49)

0.11; 0.32 (56/58)

1,2-Dichlorobenzene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,2-Dichloropropane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 0.02; 0.04 (7/31)

0.02; 0.03 (3/29)

0.03; 0.05 (11/28)

0.04; 0.08 (21/55)

0.36; 0.36 (1/30)

0.2; 0.36 (4/49)

0.04; 0.16 (35/58)

1,3-Butadiene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.1; 0.1 (1/28)

0.13; 0.26 (4/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.54; 2 (5/49)

0.16; 0.31 (22/58)


--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,3-Dichloropropene(total) --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.05; 0.05 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

0.03; 0.03 (1/58)


--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

3.6; 3.6 (1/30)

0.14; 0.14 (1/49)

--; -- (0/58)

1,4-Dioxane 0.02; 0.02 (1/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55) DNS DNS

--; -- (0/58)

Page | 63

Compound list



2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 0.21; 3.78 (30/31)

0.09; 0.53 (21/29)

0.08; 0.22 (25/28)

0.11; 0.53 (47/55) DNS DNS

0.1; 0.26 (43/58)

2-chlorotoluene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.05; 0.05 (1/55) DNS DNS

--; -- (0/58)

2-Proponol 0.36; 0.86 (29/31)

0.33; 0.88 (27/29)

0.8; 7.92 (27/28)

0.5; 3.53 (50/55) DNS DNS

19.21; 121.55 (55/58)

3-Chloropropene --; -- (0/31)

0.08; 0.08 (1/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55) DNS DNS

--; -- (0/58)

Acetone 4.14; 9.47 (31/31)

3.62; 7.59 (29/29)

4.14; 10.98 (28/28)

3.81; 11.72 (54/55)

7.79; 30.7 (29/30)

3.33; 8.6 (46/49)

5.86; 30.89 (57/57)

Acrolein - Unverified 0.34; 0.73 (31/31)

0.41; 1.29 (29/29)

0.39; 1.06 (27/28)

0.32; 1.27 (53/55) DNS DNS

0.62; 2.97 (57/57)

Acrylonitrile --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.05; 0.05 (1/28)

0.05; 0.05 (1/55) DNS

1.38; 4.7 (21/49)

0.05; 0.06 (4/57)

Benzene 0.21; 0.35 (31/31)

0.19; 0.42 (29/29)

0.23; 0.59 (28/28)

0.23; 1.05 (54/55)

0.28; 0.62 (29/30)

0.15; 0.31 (42/49)

1.63; 13.4 (57/57)

Benzyl chloride --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.07; 0.07 (1/55) DNS DNS

0.08; 0.08 (2/58)

Bromodichloromethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Bromoform --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

3.95; 5.1 (2/30)

0.25; 0.25 (1/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Bromomethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Carbon disulfide 0.04; 0.07 (15/31)

0.03; 0.04 (8/29)

0.05; 0.09 (12/28)

0.04; 0.08 (11/55)

0.41; 0.41 (1/30)

6.19; 24.3 (4/49)

0.06; 0.45 (35/58)

Carbon tetrachloride 0.1; 0.12 (24/31)

0.09; 0.11 (20/29)

0.09; 0.12 (19/28)

0.09; 0.12 (37/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.09; 0.27 (40/49)

0.09; 0.13 (45/58)

Chlorobenzene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.07; 0.07 (1/55)

5.65; 6.6 (2/30)

0.49; 0.49 (1/49)

0.07; 0.07 (1/58)

Chloroethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.11; 0.11 (1/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Page | 64

Compound list



Chloroform --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.13; 0.2 (7/28)

0.1; 0.12 (2/55)

0.19; 0.3 (9/30)

0.06; 0.073 (2/49)

0.09; 0.09 (1/58)

Chloromethane 0.64; 0.83 (31/31)

0.62; 0.85 (29/29)

0.63; 0.83 (28/28)

0.63; 1 (54/55)

0.41; 0.52 (29/30)

0.39; 0.76 (49/49)

0.63; 0.93 (58/58)

cis-1,2-Dichloroethene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.03; 0.06 (3/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

0.04; 0.04 (1/58)

Cyclohexane 0.04; 0.07 (16/31)

0.04; 0.06 (7/29)

0.07; 0.26 (16/28)

0.09; 0.56 (36/55)

0.27; 0.43 (9/30)

0.17; 0.46 (10/49)

0.11; 0.58 (47/58)

Dibromochloromethane --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Dichlorodifluoromethane 0.55; 0.75 (31/31)

0.53; 0.76 (29/29)

0.54; 0.71 (28/28)

0.53; 0.7 (54/55)

0.46; 0.97 (28/30)

0.42; 0.58 (49/49)

0.53; 0.75 (58/58)

Dichloromethane 0.15; 0.67 (31/31)

0.1; 0.22 (29/29)

0.13; 0.54 (28/28)

0.15; 0.77 (54/55)

1.46; 2 (5/30)

1.29; 4.1 (8/49)

0.1; 0.22 (57/58)

Ethyl acetate 0.17; 0.29 (3/31)

0.11; 0.12 (2/29)

0.14; 0.24 (4/28)

0.15; 0.34 (5/55)

0.79; 2.3 (16/30)

0.16; 0.2 (2/49)

0.2; 0.32 (6/58)

Ethyl alcohol 3.34; 7.6 (31/31)

4.18; 8.96 (29/29)

10.13; 40.03 (28/28)

5.54; 34.4 (55/55) DNS DNS

8.46; 76.94 (58/58)

Ethylbenzene 0.06; 0.12 (18/31)

0.06; 0.1 (11/29)

0.08; 0.37 (23/28)

0.09; 0.36 (39/55)

0.29; 0.45 (6/30)

0.27; 1.4 (22/49)

0.11; 0.41 (50/58)

Ethylene dibromide --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Ethylene dichloride --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

0.06; 0.06 (1/58)

Freon 114 --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Furan, tetrahydro- 0.1; 0.42 (19/31)

0.09; 0.28 (11/29)

0.05; 0.07 (11/28)

0.05; 0.1 (19/55)

0.6; 0.6 (1/30)

0.17; 0.17 (1/49)

0.16; 2.12 (22/58)

Hexachlorobutadiene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.13; 0.13 (1/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Isopropylbenzene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.04; 0.07 (4/28)

0.03; 0.06 (12/55) DNS DNS

0.02; 0.04 (10/58)

Page | 65

Compound list



m/p Xylene 0.15; 0.43 (23/31)

0.14; 0.29 (13/29)

0.2; 1.02 (27/28)

0.23; 1.09 (46/55)

0.76; 1.4 (14/30)

0.4; 2.7 (20/49)

0.32; 1.42 (53/58)

Methyl Butyl Ketone --; -- (0/31)

0.08; 0.08 (1/29)

0.17; 0.36 (4/28)

0.07; 0.12 (7/55)

--; -- (0/30)

0.38; 0.58 (3/49)

0.09; 0.17 (7/58)

Methyl chloroform --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Methyl ethyl ketone 0.62; 1.94 (31/31)

0.45; 0.88 (29/29)

0.85; 6.22 (28/28)

0.44; 2.06 (55/55)

1.28; 1.5 (4/30)

0.79; 3.6 (36/49)

0.41; 1.21 (58/58)

Methyl isobutyl ketone 0.06; 0.12 (8/31)

0.07; 0.15 (24/29)

0.05; 0.15 (14/28)

0.03; 0.12 (21/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

0.05; 0.37 (33/58)

Methyl methacrylate --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.05; 0.1 (5/28)

0.04; 0.05 (4/55) DNS DNS

0.03; 0.03 (1/58)

Methyl tert-butyl ether --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.05; 0.05 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Naphthalene 0.14; 0.14 (2/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.12; 0.12 (3/28)

0.1; 0.12 (3/55)

0.62; 0.68 (4/30)

0.72; 5 (13/49)

0.81; 3.28 (55/58)

n-Butane 2.17; 6.6 (31/31)

1.11; 2.94 (29/29)

1.2; 2.55 (28/28)

1.52; 12.38 (54/55) DNS DNS

4.22; 43.5 (58/58)

n-Heptane 0.07; 0.19 (28/31)

0.05; 0.12 (21/29)

0.07; 0.22 (25/28)

0.13; 0.78 (45/55)

0.31; 0.67 (10/30)

0.15; 0.46 (13/49)

0.15; 0.95 (52/58)

n-Hexane 0.19; 0.44 (31/31)

0.14; 0.39 (28/29)

0.27; 0.87 (27/28)

0.64; 2.34 (52/55)

0.44; 0.7 (22/30)

0.23; 0.7 (39/49)

0.46; 3.5 (56/58)

n-Nonane 0.03; 0.08 (23/31)

0.03; 0.08 (18/29)

0.04; 0.24 (20/28)

0.11; 2.65 (40/55) DNS DNS

0.04; 0.29 (46/58)

n-Pentane 0.72; 1.99 (30/31)

0.4; 1.24 (27/29)

0.6; 1.8 (28/28)

0.93; 5.35 (54/55) DNS DNS

1.34; 10.15 (58/58)

n-Propylbenzene 0.02; 0.02 (1/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.03; 0.06 (5/28)

0.05; 0.07 (7/55) DNS DNS

0.03; 0.08 (17/58)

o-Xylene 0.06; 0.16 (28/31)

0.06; 0.12 (12/29)

0.09; 0.37 (23/28)

0.1; 0.45 (43/55)

0.35; 0.5 (9/30)

0.21; 0.95 (11/49)

0.12; 0.35 (49/58)

p-Ethyltoluene 0.09; 0.09 (1/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.05; 0.08 (5/28)

0.06; 0.1 (10/55)

0.34; 0.34 (1/30)

0.29; 0.62 (4/49)

0.05; 0.1 (16/58)

Page | 66

Compound list



Propylene 0.61; 1.13 (31/31)

0.58; 1.27 (29/29)

0.68; 1.82 (28/28)

0.73; 3.51 (54/55)

0.63; 1.3 (7/30)

0.4; 0.74 (9/49)

1.4; 5.41 (58/58)

Styrene 0.05; 0.05 (2/31)

--; -- (0/29)

0.03; 0.04 (4/28)

0.05; 0.08 (6/55)

0.32; 0.53 (4/30)

1.77; 16 (31/49)

0.08; 0.33 (40/58)

tert-butyl alcohol 0.1; 0.13 (7/31)

0.11; 0.15 (5/29)

0.2; 0.5 (11/28)

0.13; 0.29 (11/55) DNS DNS

0.13; 0.7 (22/58)

Tetrachloroethylene 0.12; 0.14 (2/31)

0.1; 0.1 (1/29)

0.15; 0.15 (1/28)

0.12; 0.12 (1/55)

0.17; 0.17 (1/30)

0.47; 1.3 (3/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Toluene 0.32; 1.15 (31/31)

0.27; 1.44 (29/29)

0.41; 1.72 (28/28)

0.55; 3.04 (54/55)

0.82; 3.1 (30/30)

0.36; 2.7 (44/49)

0.78; 4.31 (58/58)

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.06; 0.06 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

0.04; 0.04 (1/58)

trans-1,3-Dichloropropene --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.05; 0.05 (1/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Trichloroethylene 0.14; 0.14 (1/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

0.2; 0.2 (1/30)

0.08; 0.1 (4/49)

0.45; 0.45 (1/58)

Trichlorofluoromethane 0.23; 0.32 (31/31)

0.22; 0.29 (29/29)

0.22; 0.3 (28/28)

0.24; 0.49 (54/55)

0.27; 0.46 (20/30)

0.21; 0.33 (47/49)

0.22; 0.31 (58/58)

Vinyl acetate 0.17; 0.37 (16/31)

0.17; 0.37 (11/29)

0.28; 0.87 (18/28)

0.56; 1.99 (34/55)

0.33; 0.61 (9/30)

0.31; 1.5 (18/49)

0.3; 0.95 (34/58)

Vinyl bromide --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

0.05; 0.05 (1/55) DNS DNS

0.03; 0.03 (1/58)

Vinyl chloride --; -- (0/31)

--; -- (0/29)

--; -- (0/28)

--; -- (0/55)

--; -- (0/30)

--; -- (0/49)

--; -- (0/58)

Page | 67

C. Heavy Metals Sampling and Analysis Sampling Method

Ambient air toxic monitoring by Ohio EPA DAPC for heavy metals other than lead was initiated in

1989. Since that time, all of DAPC’s air filter samples have been analyzed by the Ohio EPA Division

of Environmental Services (DES). A summary of results can be found in tables on the following

pages. Sampling for heavy metals is conducted using a high volume total suspended particulate

(TSP) sampler with a glass fiber filter. Sampling is conducted by 24-hour samples collected once

every six days. The operating procedures for lead can be found in the Code of Federal

Regulations, 40 CFR, Part 50, Appendix G. These basic procedures are also used for other metals.

Analysis

For this report, filters collected at each site were analyzed as a monthly composite. Typically,

there are 5 sampling days in which a filter is collected. One strip is cut from the individual filter

and combined with strips from all the filters collected that month and analyzed as one sample

for the month. These composite samples are acid extracted with the resulting solution analyzed

by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS) similar to the method used for the

determination of Lead from TSP filters. The method measures element-emitted light by optical

spectrometry.

D. Heavy Metals Parameters Lead was the first NAAQS criteria pollutant for a metal in ambient air. Over the years, DAPC added

other metals to the analysis program. As lead was phased out of gasoline, other metals have risen

to greater concern. With establishment of a new NAAQS for lead, 0.15 µg/m³, from the previous

standard of 1.5 µg/m³ and the requirement to monitor near specific sources, lead has been re-

established as a pollutant of concern. Since 2010, DAPC has had all TSP sampler filters collected

analyzed for lead.

For this section, data presented is from the monthly composite samples collected and analyzed

for eight metals:

• Arsenic • Cadmium • Chromium • Beryllium • Lead2 • Nickel • Zinc • Manganese

2Lead is the only parameter being monitored in the ATMP that has a National Ambient Air Quality Standard. See Section IV, page 54.

Page | 68

From each sample, most parameters are analyzed using a very sensitive ICP/MS analytical system.

The following parameters, typically detected in higher concentrations, are still analyzed with the

ICP method only:

• Iron • Potassium • Zinc • Manganese

Particulate mercury that can be detected from a glass or quartz fiber filter has been added to the

parameter list for few samples from sites in communities with specific concerns about potential

mercury sources. Mercury analysis for each sample is performed separately from the other

metals. Total mercury is determined using a cold vapor method developed by DES.

Table 22 below identifies monitoring sites' locations and references the respective tables that

follow summarizing each site’s results.

Table 22. Metals Sampling Site Identification

AQS # City County Address Table (page #)

39-029-0019 E. Liverpool - 1 Columbiana 1250 St. George St. Table 23 (69)

39-029-0020 E. Liverpool - 2 Columbiana 2220 Michigan Ave. Table 24 (69)

39-029-0023 E. Liverpool - 3 Columbiana 500 Maryland Ave. Table 25 (69)

39-035-0038 Cleveland - 1 Cuyahoga 2547 Tikhon Ave. Table 26 (70)

39-035-0042 Cleveland - 2 Cuyahoga 3136 Lorain Ave. Table 27 (70)

39-035-0049 Cleveland - 3 Cuyahoga 4150 East 56th St. Table 28 (70)

39-035-0061 Cleveland - 4 Cuyahoga West 3rd St. Table 29 (71)

39-049-0039 Columbus Franklin 580 E. Woodrow Ave. Table 30 (71)

39-051-0001 Delta Fulton 200 Van Buren St. Table 31 (71)

39-101-0003 Marion - 1 Marion Hawthorne Ave.

Table 32 (72)

39-101-0004 Marion - 2 Marion 640 Bellefontaine Table 33 (72)

AQS not assigned Marion - 3 Marion 363 West Fairgrounds Table 34 (72)

39-123-0012 Elmore Ottawa 14244 W. St. Rt. 105 Table 34 (72)

39-167-0008 Marietta Washington Lancaster Rd. Table 35 (73)

39-151-0024 Canton Summit 3159 Georgetown Rd. NE Table 37 (73)

Page | 69

Table 23. Heavy Metals: E. Liverpool - 1 (39-029-0019)

Monthly composite (ng/m3)

arsenic beryllium Cadmium chromium iron lead manganese zinc mercury

January 0.70 <0.035 0.178 0.94 120 3.17 24 0.53 21

February 3.41 <0.054 0.544 2.07 350 9.51 77 1.06 39

March 1.13 0.0848 0.264 2.10 295 4.76 65.8 0.92 24.2

April 1.91 0.0804 0.317 2.47 298 4.51 94.8 1.34 21.3

May 1.52 0.069 0.283 1.87 201 7.23 57.3 0.74 31.9

June 1.45 0.112 0.303 2.44 293 4.48 84.4 0.99 25.8

July 1.83 0.0849 1.430 2.26 234 7.62 92.5 1.07 45.4

August 1.87 0.139 0.449 3.72 394 10.00 127 2.23 48.7

September 3.75 0.0943 0.463 2.41 266 7.61 85.2 1.13 26.4

October 2.64 0.0795 0.402 2.27 287 5.76 75.6 0.95 23.3

November 1.48 0.0541 0.584 2.30 407 4.60 224 1.07 38

December 1.71 0.0458 0.788 2.20 329 5.51 102 1.10 34.5

Table 24. Heavy Metals: E. Liverpool - 2 (39-029-0020)


arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium iron lead manganese zinc mercury

January 0.74 <0.048 0.229 2.03 180 2.83 250 1.03 20

February 1.77 <0.075 0.475 3.63 560 5.84 510 2.15 37

March 0.93 <0.059 0.325 1.92 214 3.50 170 1.02 25.7

April 2.36 <0.05 0.202 4.82 501 3.14 832 3.32 24

May 1.34 <0.05 0.534 2.33 212 18.40 383 0.96 33.7

June 1.12 <0.06 0.309 1.33 120 2.60 77.6 <0.6 21.4

July 1.44 <0.061 2.030 2.15 123 6.88 109 0.80 38

August 1.37 <0.05 0.188 4.61 420 3.41 279 2.96 28.2

September 1.90 <0.05 0.418 2.60 220 7.41 214 0.92 21.6

October 1.77 <0.057 0.547 1.91 190 9.10 147 0.82 19.7

November 1.36 <0.055 0.659 4.22 893 5.21 3140 1.76 44.7

December 2.37 <0.055 0.653 5.30 462 4.53 949 2.71 29.8

Table 25. Heavy metals: E. Liverpool - 3 (39-029-0023)


arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium iron lead manganese nickel zinc mercury

January 0.54 <0.046 0.213 0.93 110 3.42 17 0.60 15 0.009

February 4.26 <0.071 0.592 1.97 250 11.30 60 0.90 33 0.024

March 0.91 <0.056 0.240 1.25 146 3.18 28.4 0.72 21 0.027

April 1.81 <0.055 0.295 1.63 167 2.98 62.9 0.93 18.7 0.018

May 1.11 <0.04 0.210 1.10 100 4.69 23.5 0.52 25.3 0.015

June 1.02 <0.05 0.258 1.31 131 3.67 27.9 <0.574

22 0.017

July 1.44 <0.067 1.620 1.54 134 5.10 63.6 0.74 38.7 0.016

August 1.91 <0.05 0.270 2.41 176 7.66 39 1.27 29.8 0.014

September 3.83 <0.04 0.408 1.73 165 6.84 47.3 0.70 25 0.006

October 2.54 <0.042 0.400 1.26 147 10.80 28.9 0.48 21.6 0.028

November 1.36 <0.04 0.605 1.70 244 4.17 168 0.70 33.1 0.014

December 1.39 <0.041 0.792 1.68 187 5.00 70.5 0.81 30.9 0.041

Page | 70

Table 26. Heavy Metals: Cleveland - 1 (39-035-0038)


arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead manganese nickel zinc

January 0.53 <0.044 0.226 2.73 5.48 50.00 1.35 59.00

February 1.18 0.065 0.524 4.60 11.80 86.00 3.24 66.00

March 0.70 <0.052 0.312 3.32 7.80 66.20 2.18 61.80

April 0.64 0.0521 0.265 2.98 7.20 73.70 2.36 56.90

May 0.70 <0.04 0.249 1.92 6.25 39.30 1.67 64.60

June 0.64 <0.05 0.211 1.77 5.79 27.90 2.57 43.80

July 1.38 <0.05 0.368 5.03 10.80 81.90 8.94 105.00 August 1.19 <0.05 1.230 3.61 12.30 63.40 5.5 78.70

September 2.19 0.0594 0.487 8.10 15.30 106.00 13.7 124.00 October 2.07 0.0533 0.504 5.94 14.80 106.00 2.72 94.00

November 1.47 <0.05 0.974 4.63 13.50 119.00 2.54 193.00 December 1.57 <0.05 0.524 5.53 9.89 109.00 5.11 103.00




January 0.48 <0.047 0.148 1.35 5.47 11.00 1.15 36.00

February 1.17 <0.07 0.387 1.75 9.00 16.00 1.45 37.00

March 0.64 <0.056 0.182 1.53 6.19 16.20 1.74 34.30

April 0.87 <0.056 0.248 1.90 7.99 32.70 1.91 47.50

May 1.40 <0.04 0.133 1.66 5.57 15.90 1.69 30.30

June 0.93 <0.06 0.111 1.24 7.40 14.00 1.97 33.60

July 1.11 <0.05 0.383 3.00 8.20 27.30 5.21 56.20

August 1.29 <0.05 0.216 1.69 14.00 18.10 3.89 44.80

September 2.36 <0.06 0.322 6.12 14.50 44.40 15.2 81.60

October 1.99 <0.05 0.265 1.55 14.50 19.90 2.54 40.80

November 0.57 <0.05 0.603 1.06 16.60 9.77 2 24.30

December 1.36 <0.05 0.303 2.09 7.31 20.00 2.73 48.50




January 0.75 <0.047 1.180 6.16 5.89 170.00 67.4 130.00

February 1.45 <0.07 1.220 5.16 10.70 170.00 95.3 97.00

March 1.06 <0.056 1.350 7.90 8.55 219.00 70.8 121.00

April 1.48 0.0693 1.240 4.84 21.30 117.00 96.6 138.00

May 1.12 <0.04 1.750 5.36 10.10 200.00 88 140.00

June 1.28 <0.05 3.730 7.88 10.80 316.00 293 299.00

July 1.63 0.0612 2.870 6.91 13.10 207.00 153 150.00

August 1.65 <0.05 1.850 6.23 35.90 118.00 45.4 145.00

September 2.13 <0.05 0.729 6.89 17.80 73.90 30.5 82.80

October 1.98 0.0682 6.700 6.75 10.80 317.00 419 119.00

November 1.79 <0.05 3.600 6.08 10.30 191.00 164 110.00

December 1.66 <0.05 2.230 6.06 8.74 159.00 99.1 112.00

Page | 71




January 0.50 <0.044 0.509 5.61 5.93 100.00 1.66 49.00

February 1.36 <0.088 0.903 10.40 25.80 210.00 5.64 120.00 March 0.86 0.0802 0.856 6.51 11.80 176.00 2.45 73.60

April <0.86 0.175 0.377 5.24 11.00 215.00 2.76 65.20

May 0.96 0.064 0.285 5.04 14.00 124.00 2.87 56.00

June 0.98 0.0657 0.461 7.65 23.50 190.00 3.52 87.20

July 1.66 0.0872 0.682 8.46 14.40 171.00 11.3 102.00 August 1.94 0.0881 1.060 15.40 21.00 257.00 9.94 143.00 September 2.42 0.091 0.804 12.10 31.50 253.00 12.9 139.00 October 2.20 0.0881 0.677 9.88 23.00 225.00 4.24 132.00 November 1.56 0.0786 1.410 11.90 24.70 260.00 3.33 226.00 December 1.65 0.0643 0.755 9.10 11.20 198.00 7.48 95.90

Table 30. Heavy Metals: Columbus (39-049-0039)



January <0.51 <0.051 0.098 1.22 3.17 6.50 0.54 26.00

February 0.85 <0.078 0.191 1.69 5.60 12.00 1.61 56.00

March 0.62 <0.06 0.142 1.42 4.36 7.07 0.777 38.60

April 1.28 <0.06 0.166 1.48 5.77 0.96 12.9 34.70

May 1.36 <0.05 0.218 1.68 6.23 13.70 0.811 32.70

June 0.84 <0.06 0.351 1.90 9.26 14.00 0.959 38.10

July 1.69 <0.06 0.164 1.77 4.51 9.92 0.896 39.90

August 1.64 <0.06 0.174 1.65 5.41 13.50 0.876 60.60

September 2.06 <0.063 0.276 1.68 6.87 12.60 0.692 53.60

October 1.69 <0.05 0.337 1.45 10.50 12.00 0.888 47.70

November 1.19 <0.04 0.240 1.44 5.51 14.30 0.986 76.50

December 1.48 <0.04 0.242 1.25 6.83 12.50 0.764 66.40

Table 31. Heavy Metals: Delta (39-051-0001)



January <0.49 <0.049 0.199 1.11 41.00 11.00 0.78 160.00

February 0.88 <0.057 0.264 0.98 37.10 10.00 0.83 160.00

March 0.57 <0.043 0.271 0.98 89.30 12.20 0.708 255.00

April <0.75 <0.075 0.117 <0.75 13.80 5.76 <0.75 41.60

May 1.00 <0.03 0.314 1.21 61.20 19.90 0.761 229.00

June 0.71 <0.04 0.404 1.29 60.30 15.50 0.866 311.00

July 1.21 <0.05 0.184 1.04 24.30 7.63 0.554 83.40

August 1.35 <0.05 0.365 1.06 85.70 8.52 1.06 330.00

September 1.53 <0.05 0.167 1.02 16.50 8.88 0.726 49.40

October 0.59 <0.04 0.264 1.10 54.20 12.20 1.19 146.00

November 0.77 <0.04 0.309 1.02 54.20 12.70 1.1 141.00

December 0.98 <0.04 0.339 1.22 14.90 15.10 0.712 68.00

Page | 72

Table 32. Heavy Metals: Marion - 1 (39-101-0003)


arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium lead manganese nickel zinc mercury

January 2.00 <0.042 0.180 4.13 10.10

73.00 3.84 130.00

0.05

February 1.43 <0.06 1.180 14.40 29.10

330.00 4.16 170.00

0.045

March 2.81 <0.046 0.481 5.36 9.55 139.00 2.81 88.30

0.0315

April 1.04 <0.04 0.268 7.03 11.00

126.00 2.83 97.70

0.0402

May 1.61 <0.03 0.373 8.18 16.30

205.00 3.19 102.00

0.0542

June 2.42 <0.04 0.878 20.40 32.00

334.00 6.5 240.00

0.0715

July 1.61 <0.08 0.628 7.06 16.20

95.40 2.52 99.20

0.0297

August 1.60 <0.04 0.372 10.50 19.70

198.00 4.04 99.40

0.0107

September 1.47 <0.04 0.735 5.74 19.80

101.00 1.77 73.60

0.0189

October 1.61 <0.04 0.731 10.50 25.80

187.00 2.87 116.00

0.0648

November 1.88 <0.04 0.312 6.88 16.00

113.00 3.33 98.70

0.025

December 2.03 <0.04 0.578 8.65 30.10

158.00 4.24 109.00

0.057

Table 33. Heavy Metals: Marion - 2 (39-101-0004)



January 0.46 <0.044 0.110 1.80 3.33 21.00 0.74 32.00

0.025

February 1.27 <0.086 0.229 3.57 9.08 51.00 1.43 58.00

0.035

March 0.99 <0.064 0.146 1.99 5.50 21.10 1.4 56.40

0.034

April 0.63 <0.05 0.097 2.13 3.93 27.50 0.993 28.60

0.022

May 1.00 <0.04 0.136 2.04 4.68 26.60 0.854 28.80

0.017

June 0.92 <0.04 0.131 1.93 3.26 22.20 0.679 38.30

0.016

July 1.93 <0.05 0.182 2.63 7.53 28.20 1.35 49.30

0.022

August 1.46 <0.05 0.365 3.50 7.42 47.30 1.38 54.90

0.024

September 1.63 <0.05 0.204 2.50 5.51 28.00 1.14 38.40

0.015

October 2.63 <0.05 0.300 3.96 9.32 56.50 1.46 76.70

0.040

November 1.13 <0.05 0.255 4.34 6.37 58.20 1.43 81.80

0.034

December 1.48 <0.05 0.250 3.88 7.87 57.00 1.42 58.40

0.081

Table 34. Heavy Metals: Marion - 3 (AQS not assigned)


arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium iron lead manganese nickel zinc

January <2.542 <0.254 <0.254 2.89 352 5.38 20.83 <2.542

570.0

February <2.303 <0.230 <0.268 2.55 330 7.06 17.50 <2.303

346.8

March <3.114 <0.227 <0.285 <3.288 334 11.91

15.66 <2.292

997.5

April <3.286 <0.228 <0.306 <3.138 376 11.45

19.54 <2.284

726.8

May 3.22 <0.232 <0.232 <2.953 366 9.19 17.62 <2.323

950.6

June 4.24 <0.249 <0.312 4.10 535 22.13

20.95 <2.493

3155.8

July <3.08 <0.242 <0.275 <3.738 457 11.08

19.24 <2.418

1216.2

August <2.566 <0.257 <0.291 <2.85 365 10.63

17.42 <2.566

941.6

September <2.69 <0.253 <0.287 <3.094 349 7.11 20.70 <2.53 425.0

October <2.612 <0.257 <0.298 <3.644 544 8.68 26.24 <2.57 1140.2

November <2.194 <0.262 <0.350 <4.218 572 10.20

24.96 <2.624

1618.8

December <2.824 <0.229 <0.319 <2.422 422 10.19

23.78 <2.29 808.2

Page | 73

Table 35. Heavy Metals: Elmore (39-123-0012)



January 0.29 0.028 0.047 0.23 1.49 1.40 0.2 7.80

February 0.23 0.031 0.039 0.17 1.37 1.70 0.11 5.90

March 0.31 0.026 0.045 0.23 1.42 2.22 0.217 7.15

April 0.40 0.0247 0.043 0.18 1.18 2.32 0.198 5.91

May 0.46 0.0289 0.048 0.21 1.64 3.34 0.202 6.59

June 0.42 0.0506 0.047 0.29 1.85 4.37 0.295 7.06

July 0.52 0.0357 0.049 0.22 1.23 2.14 0.155 6.03

August 0.56 0.0516 0.066 0.25 1.68 2.21 0.167 7.72

September 0.64 0.17 0.076 0.22 1.85 2.24 0.161 6.63

October 0.49 0.0702 0.066 0.25 1.80 3.21 0.193 7.32

November 0.38 0.0314 0.053 0.19 1.30 2.09 0.136 6.85

December 0.44 0.0788 0.078 0.26 1.86 3.00 0.241 10.30

Table 36. Heavy Metals: Marietta (39-167-0008)



January 0.47 <0.038 0.275 0.63 2.92 32.00 0.52 14.00 0.011

February 0.72 <0.06 0.841 0.60 3.04 200.00 <0.6 43.00 0.011

March <0.47 <0.047 0.161 0.56 2.69 75.30 <0.47 14.90 0.022

April 0.71 <0.04 0.086 0.51 1.82 47.70 <0.46 14.90 0.017

May <0.58 <0.05 0.096 0.60 1.82 35.40 <0.58 14.00 0.027

June 0.62 <0.06 0.772 0.71 2.95 221.00 0.611 17.80 0.023

July 2.13 <0.04 0.195 0.67 3.24 89.60 0.588 17.40 0.015

August 0.72 <0.04 0.167 0.68 4.26 80.90 0.656 15.10 0.019

September

1.29 <0.04 0.132 0.63 2.62 10.80 <0.44 <4.44 0.010

October 1.00 <0.04 0.396 0.66 7.33 28.50 <0.48 13.50 0.025

November 0.68 <0.04 0.645 0.65 3.76 210.00 <0.49 28.70 0.021

December 0.77 <0.04 0.687 0.70 3.41 84.90 <0.48 20.70 0.018

Table 37. Heavy Metals: Canton (39-151-0024)


arsenic beryllium cadmium chromium iron lead manganese nickel selenium zinc

January

February

March

April

May

June 2.14 <0.05 1.350 17.40 1440 181.00 665 4.85 3.3 586

July 2.15 <0.04 0.536 9.49 0 44.00 342 2.62 0 267

August 1.85 <0.047 0.267 4.69 333 29.50 130 1.66 1.22 113

September

3.09 <0.058 0.689 10.80 1180 79.80 412 5.60 1.9 422

October 1.58 <0.044 0.477 5.73 38 50.20 4.38 2.32 1.15 16.4

November 2.30 <0.044 1.960 17.40 1250 26.30 455 8.50 1.45 369

December 1.94 <0.049 0.466 5.28 380 13.70 214 1.27 1.12 116

Page | 74

VI. AIR QUALITY INDEX (AQI)

There has been a daily reporting of ambient air quality in Ohio's major metropolitan areas in some

form since 1971. A national Pollution Standards Index (PSI) was established in 1977 to report air

quality. This index was adopted by Ohio EPA's District Offices and the local air agencies (LAAs) to

inform the public of daily air quality.

The AQI is a uniform "scaling" of five pollutants: particulate (PM10 and PM2.5), SO2, O3, NO2, and CO.

The concentration level of each of these is calculated every day to determine the AQI. The pollutant with the highest AQI is reported to the media. A summary of AQI index values per pollutant is found in

Page | 75

Table 38 below.

When the AQI exceeds, or is expected to exceed, 100 in a major city, the agency concerned issues a

"health advisory". When pollution levels exceed an AQI of 200 and are projected to persist, an "air

pollution episode" exists and the Governor declares an "alert." This initiates mandatory cutbacks of

emissions from specified facilities to alleviate the situation. If the AQI were to surpass 300, 400 or

500, progressively greater cutbacks would be implemented to reduce pollutants to an acceptable

level.

The AQI trend shows that Ohio's air quality has improved significantly. Although alerts were

commonplace in the early 1970's, none have happened in over twenty years, and the number of

health advisories has been greatly reduced.

Page | 76

Table 38. Comparison of AQI Values

Index Value

PM10

(µg/m3)

PM2.5 (µg/m3)

CO (ppm)

SO2

(ppm)

Ozone (ppm)1

NO2

(ppm)

Color Category 24-hr 24-hr 8-hr 24-hr 8-hr 1-hr 1-hr

0-50 0-54 0.0-12.0 0.0-4.4 0-0.035 0.000-0.054 0-0.053 Green Good

51-100 55-154 12.1-35.4 4.5-9.4 0.036-0.075 0.055-0.070 0.054-0.100 Yellow Moderate

101-150 155-254 35.5-55.4 9.5-12.4 0.076-0.185 0.071-0.085 0.125-0.164 0.101-0.360 Orange Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups

151-200 255-354 55.5-150.4 12.5-15.4 0.186-0.304 0.086-0.105 0.165-0.204 0.361-0.64 Red Unhealthy

201-300 355-424 150.5-250.4 15.5-30.4 0.305-0.604 0.106-0.200 0.205-0.404 0.65-1.24 Purple Very Unhealthy

3012+ 425+ 250.5 + 30.5+ 0.605+ (2) 0.405+ 1.25+ Maroon Hazardous 1 Areas are generally required to report the AQI based on 8-hour ozone values. The maximum of the 8-hour or 1-hour is used. 2 8-hour ozone values do not define AQI values >301. AQI values of 301 or higher then become calculated with 1-hour ozone concentrations.

Page | 77

VII. 2017 MONITORING SITES

Ohio's Regional Transport NCore Site

The following pages provide details on the 2017 monitoring network, including sites where VOC air toxics air monitoring is conducted. Parameters monitored at these sites are labeled as follows: • Pb Lead • PM10 Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm (PM10) • PM25 Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) • PM25c PM2.5 Continuous • PMsp PM2.5 Speciation • PMc Coarse particulate matter, i.e., PM10 - PM2.5 = PMcoarse • TSP Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) • O3 Ozone • SO Sulfur Dioxide • CO Carbon Monoxide • NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide • VOC Volatile Organic Compounds • Met Meteorological data3

The first column of the table provides AQS codes, which have the following format: • XX state code (the state code for Ohio is 39) • XXX county code (odd numbers, alphabetical) • XXXX site code

3 Many sites have meteorological components, e.g., wind speed and direction and ambient temperature, that accompany monitoring for

pollutants of concern. The table below only lists "Met" for sites that have only meteorological equipment and no other screening devices.

Page | 78

Table 39. Monitoring Network for 2017

AQS No. County Site Location Parameter(s)

A

39-001-0001 Adams 210 N. Wilson SO2, PM25c

39-003-0009 Allen 2850 Bible Rd. SO2, O3, PM25c, PM25

39-007-1001 Ashtabula Conneaut O3, SO2

39-009-0003 Athens Gifford State Forest PM25

B

39-013-0006 Belmont E. Ball St. CO, SO2, NO2, PM10, PM25

39-017-0015 Butler 3901 Lefferson PM10, PM25

39-017-0016 Butler 400 Nilles Rd. PM25

39-017-0018 Butler 1701 Runway Dr. O3

39-017-0019 Butler 1300 Oxford State Rd. SO2, PM25, PM25c, PM10, VOC

39-017-0020 Butler 3350 Yankee Rd. SO2, PM25, PM25c, PM10, VOC

39-017-0021 Butler 1491 Made Industrial Dr. SO2

39-017-0022 Butler 3214 Yankee Rd. PM25

39-017-0023 Butler 2200 Hensley Ave. O3

39-017-9991 Butler Miami University O3

C

39-023-0001 Clark 5171 Urbana Rd. O3

39-023-0003 Clark 5400 Spangler Rd. O3, SO2

39-023-0005 Clark 350 N. Fountain Ave. PM25, PM25c

39-025-0022 Clermont 2400 Clermont Center Dr. O3, PM25c

39-027-1002 Clinton 62 Laurel Dr., JVS Career Center. O3

39-029-0019 Columbiana 1250 George St. Pb, SO2, metals

39-029-0020 Columbiana 2220 Michigan Ave. PM10, Pb, TSP, metals

39-029-0023 Columbiana 500 Maryland Ave. PM10, Pb, metals

39-035-0034 Cuyahoga 891 E. 152 St. O3, PM25

39-035-0038 Cuyahoga 2547 St. Tikhon Ave. Pb, SO2, PM10, PM25, PMsp, TSP, VOC, metals

39-035-0042 Cuyahoga 3136 Lorain Pb, TSP, metals

39-035-0045 Cuyahoga 45950 Broadway Ave. SO2, PM10, PM25

39-035-0049 Cuyahoga E. 56th St. Pb, TSP, metals

39-035-0051 Cuyahoga E. 9th & St. Clair CO

39-035-0060 Cuyahoga E. 14th & Orange O3, NO2, SO2, PM10, PMsp, PM25, PMc

39-035-0061 Cuyahoga West 3rd St. Pb, TSP, metals

39-035-0064 Cuyahoga Berea O3

39-035-0065 Cuyahoga 4600 Harvard Ave. SO2, PM10, PM25, PMsp

39-035-0073 Cuyahoga 25609 Emery Rd. PM25, CO, NO2

39-035-0076 Cuyahoga 6000 Canal Rd. PMsp

39-035-1002 Cuyahoga 16900 Holland Rd. PM10, PM25, VOC

39-035-5002 Cuyahoga 6116 Wilson Mills Rd. O3

Page | 79

D

39-041-0002 Delaware 359 Main St. O3

F

39-047-9991 Fayette Deer Creek O3

39-049-0005 Franklin Morse & Karl Rds. CO

39-049-0024 Franklin Ohio State Fairgrounds PM10, PM25

39-049-0029 Franklin 7600 Fodor Rd., New Albany O3, PM25c

39-049-0034 Franklin Korbel Ave. PM25c, SO2, VOC

39-049-0037 Franklin 1777 E. Broad St. O3, NO2

39-049-0038 Franklin 7560 Smokey Row Rd. PM25, CO, NO2, VOC, metals

39-049-0039 Franklin 580 E Woodrow Ave. PM25, Pb, VOC

39-049-0081 Franklin 5750 Maple Canyon Dr. O3, PM25

39-051-0001 Fulton 200 Van Buren St. Pb, metals

G

39-053-0004 Gallia Watson Grove Rd. SO2

39-053-0005 Gallia 583 Honeysuckle Dr. SO2

39-053-0006 Gallia 8323 SR 7 North SO2

39-055-0004 Geauga 13000 Auburn Rd. O3

39-057-0005 Greene 100 Dayton St. PM10, PM25, PM25c

39-057-0006 Greene 541 Ledbetter Rd. O3

H

39-061-0006 Hamilton 11590 Grooms Rd. O3, PM25, PM25c

39-061-0010 Hamilton 6950 Ripple Rd. O3, SO2, PM25, PM25c

39-061-0014 Hamilton 18 E. Seymour PM10, PM25, VOC

39-061-0040 Hamilton 250 Wm. Howard Taft Rd. O3, NO2, PM10, PM25, PM25c,PMc CO, SO2, PMsp

39-061-0042 Hamilton 2101 W. Eighth St. PM25

39-061-0047 Hamilton 7529 Grace, Ave., Addyston VOC

39-061-0048 Hamilton 3428 Colerain Ave. PM25c, CO, NO2

39-061-5001 Hamilton 101 Cooper Ave. PM10

J

39-081-0001 Jefferson 1004 3rd St., Brilliant PM10

39-081-0017 Jefferson 618 Logan O3, SO2, PM10, PM25, PMsp, VOC

39-081-0018 Jefferson 3487 County Rd. 19 SO2

39-081-0019 Jefferson Landfill Access Rd. Met

39-081-0020 Jefferson 1469 3rd St. SO2

39-081-0021 Jefferson 110 Steuben St. PM25

K

39-083-0002 Knox Water Plant, SR 314 O3

L

39-085-0003 Lake Jefferson Elementary School O3, SO2

39-085-0006 Lake 8443 Mentor Ave. CO

39-085-0007 Lake 177 Main SO2, O3, PM25, PM25c

Page | 80

39-085-1001 Lake 325 Vine St. PM10

39-087-0011 Lawrence SR 775 & SR 141 O3

39-087-0012 Lawrence 450 Commerce Dr. O3, SO2, PM25, PM25c, PM10

39-089-0005 Licking 300 Licking View Dr., Heath O3

39-093-0018 Lorain 4706 Detroit Rd. O3

39-093-3002 Lorain 2180 Lake Breeze PM10, PM25, PM25c, PMsp

39-095-0008 Lucas 600 Collins Park SO2

39-095-0024 Lucas 348 S. Erie St. O3, PM25, PM25c

39-095-0026 Lucas 4208 Airport Highway PM25

39-095-0027 Lucas 200 S. Byrne Rd., Waterville O3

39-095-0028 Lucas 600 Collins Park PM25

39-095-0035 Lucas 10739 Corduroy Rd., Curtice O3

39-095-0081 Lucas 2930 131st St. Met

39-095-1003 Lucas 163 Lee St. PM25

M

39-097-0007 Madison 9940 SR 38 SW O3

39-099-0005 Mahoning Fire Station 7 PM10, PM25

39-099-0006 Mahoning Fire Station 5 PM10

39-099-0013 Mahoning 345 Oakhill Ave. O3, SO2

39-099-0014 Mahoning Oakhill PM25, PM25c

39-101-0003 Marion Hawthorne Ave. Pb, metals

39-101-0004 Marion 640 Bellefontaine Ave. Pb, metals

39-103-0004 Medina Ballash Rd. O3, PM25, PM25c

39-109-0005 Miami 3825 N. SR 589 O3

39-113-0034 Montgomery 117 South Main St. CO

39-113-0037 Montgomery 1401 Harshman Rd. O3

39-113-0038 Montgomery 444 W. Third St. PM25, PM25c, PMsp

39-113-7001 Montgomery 2728 Viking Lane PM10

39-115-0004 Morgan SR 83 SO2

N

39-121-8001 Noble St. Johns Rd., Quaker city PM25c, PMsp

39-121-9991 Noble Quaker City O3

O

39-123-0006 Ottawa 2517 State Rte. 590 Berrylium

39-123-0007 Ottawa 2124 S Slemmer Portage Rd. Berrylium

39-123-0008 Ottawa 1338 S Portage River Rd. Berrylium

39-123-0009 Ottawa 14405 W True Rd. Berrylium

39-123-0010 Ottawa 15473 W State Rte. 105 Berrylium

39-123-0011 Ottawa 14850 State Rte. 105 Berrylium



Page | 81


P

39-133-0002 Portage 531 Washington Ave. PM25

39-133-1001 Portage 1570 Ravenna Rd. O3

39-135-1001 Preble National Trails School O3, PM25, PM25c, PM10, CO, SO2, PMc, PMsp

S

39-145-0013 Scioto 4862 Gallia St., SO2, PM10, PM25

39-145-0019 Scioto 605 Washington St. PM10

39-145-0020 Scioto 2840 Back Rd. SO2, PM10

39-145-0021 Scioto 2446 Gallia Pike PM10

39-145-0022 Scioto 1740 Gallia Pike SO2, PM10

39-151-0016 Stark Malone College O3

39-151-0017 Stark 1330 Dueber Ave. PM25, PMsp

39-151-0020 Stark 420 Market Ave. CO, PM25, PM25c

39-151-0022 Stark 45 S. Wabash O3

39-151-0024 Stark 3150 Georgetown Rd., NE PM10, metals

39-151-4005 Stark 1175 W. Vine St., Alliance O3

39-153-0017 Summit 80 Brittain Rd. SO2, PM25, PM25c

39-153-0020 Summit 800 Patterson Ave. O3, CO

39-153-0023 Summit 660 W. Exchange St. PM25, PM25SP

39-153-0025 Summit 199 S. Broadway CO, SO2

T

39-155-0006 Trumbull 2323 Main Ave. PM10

39-155-0011 Trumbull Vienna O3

39-155-0013 Trumbull 6380 SR 87, Kinsman O3

39-155-0014 Trumbull 540 Laird Ave. SE Warren PM10, PM25, PM25c

W

39-165-0007 Warren 416 Southeast St. O3, PM25c

39-167-0004 Washington 2000 Fourth St., Marietta O3

39-167-0008 Washington Washington Career Center Pb, metals

39-173-0003 Wood 347Dunbridge Rd. O3

ohio air quality 2017state of ohio air quality calendar year 2017 prepared by division of air...

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