OCT(Optic Coherence Tomography)

1)Noninvasive

2) non-contact imaging

3)Millimeter penetration

Aproximately 2-3 mm in tissue with micrometer scale (axial and transverse resolution) not only the retina and optic nerve but also anterior segment of the eye

4) Ist demonstrated in 1991 (20 years ago)

5) Today we have the conventional OCT

with an axial resolution of < 10µm and 3Dimentional (3D) OCT with a much

higher resolution of 5µm

OCT principle

1) Is similar to ultrasound

2) Uses echoes to locate structures within the body

Light speed and sound

The speed of light being almost a million times faster than sound allows measurement of structures with a resolution of < 10 microns compared to 100 microns scale for ultrasound.

OCT

Can clearly image the cornea, sclera, iris and lens in the anterior segment. using infrared light having a wave length of 13.1 nm

Radial line OCT compared to 3D- OCT

In contrast to radial – line ,3D- OCT captures a dense , uniform grid of data that is unlikely to miss small , focal lesions.

Role of OCT imaging

OCT is useful in the diagnosis and staging of diseases which help in their management , assessing the response to treatment and in monitoring the progress of the disease.

Resolution power

Current commercial OCT scanners offer a resolution of 8-10 micron that is at least 10 time better than ultrasound

OCT Colors

Tissues with higher reflectivity such as RPE appear in brighter colors ( red-white)– and less dense structures , such as vitreous and intraretinal fluid , appear in darker colors.

(blue- black )

Retinal thickness

Macular thickness with

Topcon 3D –OCT ( Indian eyes )

Foveael thickness 154-282 micron

Other parts 210 -311 micron

CSR

Men 6-10 times more often than it affects women.

After 50 years usually its bilateral

Age-20-55 years

Leakage from choriocapillaries through the RPE

1- Central SerousChorioretinopathy

First case of CSR

3 months after treatment

CSR Case no 2

CSRCase no 3

2 - Choroidal Coloboma

3 - Degenerative Myopia

4- Diabetic Macular Edema

Diabetic Macular Edema

Case no 1

Cystoid Macular Edema

Case no 2

CSME with Serous Retinal

Detahment(Cystoid Macular Edema)

Case no 3

CSME with Fovea Vitreal Traction

Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Diabetic Macular Edema (4mg)

Pre-treatment

Post treatment (4mg Triamcinolone)

5- Epiretinal Membranes

Case no 1

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