nutritional quality oil palm - diplomatie
TRANSCRIPT
www.cirad.fr
OIL&COCONUT
CIRAD
PALM
Illustrations : N. Le GallCocotier 0-Intro GB • Méridiennes 2008
Palm oil performs like maize, sunflower, soybean or rapeseed oils, which are rich in essential fatty acids. Refining has little effect on itsantioxidant content (tocopherols and tocotrienols).
The high carotenoid content of the unprocessed oil boostsvitamin A levels in the blood, hence its preventive effect on certain eye diseases.
Studies have shown the positive effect of a palm oil-rich diet on cardiovascular disease and certain cancers.
Palm oil can resist high temperatures, and is primarily used for frying.
Nutritionalquality
beyond reproach
www.cirad.fr
OIL&COCONUT
CIRAD
PALM
Illustrations : N. Le GallPalmier 1 - GB • Méridiennes 2008
PALMIER&
À HUILE
COCOTIER
www.cirad.frPalmier 1 • Méridiennes 2007
Le Palmier à huile
ou Elaeis guineensis
Originaire d’Afrique, le palmier à huile est exploitédepuis toujours par les populations locales pourson huile, son vin, ses palmes…
En plantation, on récolte les régimes à la main et en continu, 2 à 3 fois par mois. C'est 10 à 30 t de régimes/ha/an.
Le palmier à huile produit 2 huiles différentessimultanément :> L’huile de palme, issue de la pulpe du fruit :20 à 26 % du poids frais des régimes ; à l'état brut elle est rouge.> L’huile de palmiste, issue de l’amande : 2 à 3 % du poids des régimes ; de couleur ivoire, ses caractéristiques sont proches de celles de l’huile de coco.
The oil palm originated in Africa, and since the dawn of time, it has provided local populations with oil, wine, fronds, etc.
In plantations, bunches are harvested twice or three timesa month, by hand, producing 10 to 30 t of bunches per hectare per year in all.
Oil palm produces two different types of oil at the same time:>Palm oil, from the fruit pulp: 20 to 26% of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) weight; in its unprocessed state, it is red.>Palm kernel oil (PKO, from the kernel: 2 to 3% of FFB weight; it is a creamy colour, and has similarcharacteristics to coconut oil.
The OilPalm
or Elaeis guineensis
PALM_GB_30x60 4/03/08 9:51 Page 1
www.cirad.fr
OIL&COCONUT
CIRAD
PALM
Illustrations : N. Le GallCocotier 0-Intro GB • Méridiennes 2008
Palm oil performs like maize, sunflower, soybean or rapeseed oils, which are rich in essential fatty acids. Refining has little effect on itsantioxidant content (tocopherols and tocotrienols).
The high carotenoid content of the unprocessed oil boostsvitamin A levels in the blood, hence its preventive effect on certain eye diseases.
Studies have shown the positive effect of a palm oil-rich diet on cardiovascular disease and certain cancers.
Palm oil can resist high temperatures, and is primarily used for frying.
Nutritionalquality
beyond reproach
www.cirad.fr
OIL&COCONUT
CIRAD
PALM
Illustrations : N. Le GallPalmier 2 - GB • Méridiennes 2008
PALMIER&
À HUILE
COCOTIER
www.cirad.frPalmier 2 • Méridiennes 2007
Une production
dominée par l'Asie
Il existe toujours en Afrique une exploitationde cueillette du palmier à huile.
Les plantations ont commencé timidement à s'installer au début du 20e siècle, puisont pris un essor fulgurant après 1960,avec la multiplication de plantations agro-industrielles de grandes dimensions(10 000 hectares et plus), surtout en Asie.
La Malaisie et l’Indonésie fournissent 86 % dela production mondiale d'huile de palme !
Wild oil palms are still harvested in Africa.
The first plantations date back to the start of the 20th century, and the sector has really taken off since 1960, with a boom in large agroindustrial plantations (10 000 ha and more), particularly in Asia.
Malaysia and Indonesia combined produce 86% of the world's palm oil!
Productiondominated
by Asia
PALM_GB_30x60 4/03/08 9:53 Page 2
www.cirad.fr
OIL&COCONUT
CIRAD
PALM
Illustrations : N. Le GallCocotier 0-Intro GB • Méridiennes 2008
Palm oil performs like maize, sunflower, soybean or rapeseed oils, which are rich in essential fatty acids. Refining has little effect on itsantioxidant content (tocopherols and tocotrienols).
The high carotenoid content of the unprocessed oil boostsvitamin A levels in the blood, hence its preventive effect on certain eye diseases.
Studies have shown the positive effect of a palm oil-rich diet on cardiovascular disease and certain cancers.
Palm oil can resist high temperatures, and is primarily used for frying.
Nutritionalquality
beyond reproach
www.cirad.fr
OIL&COCONUT
CIRAD
PALM
Illustrations : N. Le GallPalmier 3- GB • Méridiennes 2008
PALMIER&
À HUILE
COCOTIER
www.cirad.frPalmier 3 • Méridiennes 2007
L'huile de palmepremière huile
devant celle de soja
Le secteur du palmier à huile : 10 millionsd'hectares plantés, 36 millions de tonnesd'huile de palme + 4 millions d'huile de palmiste.
En moyenne aujourd'hui, plus de 4 tonnesd’huile par hectare et par an. C’est un rendement 7 à 10 fois supérieur à celui des oléagineux annuels : soja, colza, tournesol.
Mais, du fait d'une récolte non mécanisée, un homme ne peut exploiter à lui seul plus de 8 hectares de palmier contre 200 pour le soja.
Production d’huile (2005)
Palme + Palmiste39 %
Soja 35 %
Colza16 %
Tournesol10 %
The oil palm production chain: 10 million hectaresplanted, 36 million tonnes of palm oil + 4 million tonnes of PKO.
Average yields now top 4 tonnes of oil/hectare/year. That is seven to ten times higher than forannual oil crops: soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, etc.
However, as oil palm has to be harvested by hand, a harvester cannot cover more than 8 ha of oil palm, compared to 200 ha of soybean.
Palm Oilis the world's leading oil,ahead of soybean
PALM_GB_30x60 4/03/08 9:57 Page 3