Nutrient Groups…

The 6 Basic Nutrients1) CARBOHYDRATES – used for energy in our bodies

2) LIPIDS – used for storage of energy, cell structure

3) PROTEINS – used for cell structure and as enzymes. Ten of the twenty amino acids can be made by ourbody. The other ten must be eaten in the diet and are called the ESSENTIAL amino acids. Meatscontain all the essential amino acids so areCOMPLETE proteins. Vegetables may be lackingin certain amino acids.

The 6 Basic Nutrients

4) MINERALS – needed for body structure (bones), fluid balance, muscle contraction, nerve impulse, and blood clotting5) VITAMINS – used as components of cell metabolism6) WATER – needed for many things – temperature regulation, chemical reactions, solvent, transport, makes up most volume of cells, etc.FIBRE – Sometimes included as a nutrient as it is essential in the diet. It helps us to retain moisture long enough to absorb from the large intestine and also signals the colon to move food along to be expelled from the body.

Carbohydrates

Dehydration synthesis

Triglycerides/Fats

Saturated vs. Unsaturated

Polypeptides (Proteins)

Vitamins and Minerals…

CH3

CH3 CH3CH3 CH3

OH

VitaminsVitamin FunctionVitamin A Used for eye pigments. Found in yellow

vegetablesVitamin B Needed to metabolize food and used in nervous

system. In milk, eggs, peanuts, meat

Vitamin C Used in immune system; resist infection; skin. Found in citrus fruits.

Vitamin D Used for bones and teeth. In dairy products.

Vitamin K Blood clotting. In green, leafy vegetables

MineralsMineral Functionpotassium

and sodiumNerve impulse; fluid balanceIn salts, most foods

calcium Bones and teeth; blood clotting. In milk, vegetablesiron Oxygen carrier. In meat and eggs

iodine Makes hormones. In salt and seafood.

phosphorus Body cell function (ATP, DNA). In beef, eggs, milk

Deficiency Diseases…

K12: Deficiency DiseasesDeficiency DiseaseVitamin A Night blindnessVitamin B Beriberi (nerves); Pellagra (skin); diarrheaVitamin C ScurvyVitamin D RicketsCalcium Rickets, tetany

Iron AnemiaIodine Hypothyroidism, Goiter

Fats yield 9.3 Kcal/g, while carbohydrates yield 3.79 Kcal/g.

Fats store six times as much energy as glycogen.

Nutrition breakdown of some popular foods......

http://www.setyourheartfree.com/site/786922/page/382425#Fast%20Food%20Counter

http://www.kidshealth.org/misc_pages/bodyworks/bodyworks.html

http://www.antiagingplan.com/Stomach.htm

http://www.cln.org/themes/digestive.html

http://www.medtropolis.com/VBody.asp

http://www.acm.uiuc.edu/sigbio/project/index.html

Apple down GI tract:

Virtual Tour and Explanation:

Why do I have Gas?

Theme page:

Virtual Anatomy: