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Ninety-Sixth Critical Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences (toJanuary 1971)Author(s): John NeuSource: Isis, Vol. 62, No. 5, Ninety-Sixth Critical Bibliography (1971), pp. 5-11+13-173Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/228836 .

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Ninety-sixth Critical Bibliography of the History of Science and its Cultural Influences

(to January 1971)

The ninety-sixth Critical Bibliography* is the seventeenth to be classified according to the system established in 1953. The main purpose of the classification has always been, in the words of its founder, George Sarton, "to satisfy the needs of historians of science in general rather than those of historians of particular sciences." While the classification is both chronological and by subject, preference is given to the former. The reader who wishes to find all references to a particular subject, therefore, must examine several sections of the bibliography.

The present bibliography includes 2289 citations. The manuscript was completed on schedule and, subject to any delays that may occur in production, the Critical Bibliography is now back on schedule. Future issues can hopefully be published annually in May.

CB 94 correction: By an error in production items 641-50 and 651-60 were transposed. This error occurred on pages 49 and 50.

Contributing Scholars

This bibliography was compiled with the aid of a number of scholars, among whom the following have undertaken systematic examination of particular journals or subject areas, or have contributed in other ways:

Leon Bloom, SUNY, Oswego

Carl Boyer, Brooklyn College

Stephen Brush, University of Maryland

Carolyn Eisele, Hunter College

Ralph Ehrenberg, National Archives

June Fullmer, Ohio State University

Mel Gorman, University of San Francisco

Edward Grant, Indiana University

Roger Hahn, University of California, Berkeley

C. Doris Hellman, Queens College

Sandra Herbert, University of Maryland

*This Critical Bibliography is endorsed by the History of Sci- ence Division of the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science.

David Joravsky, Northwestern University

George B. Kauffman, Fresno State College

Camille Limoges, University of Montreal

Alexander M. Ospovat, Oklahoma State University

M. Rechcigl, Jr., National Institutes of Health

Nathan Sivin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Henry Small, American Institute of Physics

William A. Smeaton, University College, London

Jerry Stannard, University of Kansas

Deborah J. Warner, Smithsonian Institution

George W. White, University of Illinois

Journal Abbreviations

This bibliography contains citations from the following periodicals and serials, with abbreviations according to the World List of Scientific Periodicals or the Ameri- can National Standard for the Abbreviation of Titles of Periodicals. Those marked * are searched regularly each year by the staff of the CB and are included in the list whether or not a reference has been made to them in the present CB. Scholars publishing articles pertinent to the scope of this bibliography in journals not marked 0 are urged to notify the editor so the article can be entered in the CB. Academie Royale de Belgique, Bulletin de la Classe

des Sciences (Acad. Roy. Belgique, BulL Cl. Sci)

*ACLS Newsletter

Acta Chirurgica Austriaca (Acta Chir. Austriaca)

Acta Classica. Proceedings of the Classical Association of South Africa (Acta Classica)

Acta Geographica (Acta Geogr.)

*Acta Historiae Neerlandica (Acta Hist. Neerlandica)

oActa Historiae Rerum Naturalium nec non Techni- corum (Acta Hist. Rerum Nat. Tech.)

oActa Medicae Historiae Patavina (ActaMed. Hist. Pat.)

oAdvancement of Science (Advmt Sci., (Lond.))

oAge de la Science (Age Science (Paris))

oAgricultural History (Agric. Hist.)



6 Bibliographical Sources

oAgricultural History Review (Agric. Hist. Rev.)

*Altertum

oAmbix

oAmerican Archivist (Am. Archivist)

American Biology Teacher (Am. Biol Teacher)

oAmerican Historical Review (Am Hist. Rev.)

oAmencan Imago (Am. lmago)

oAmerican Journal of Archaeology (Am J. Archaeol.)

oAmerican Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (Am. J. Pharm. Educ.)

.American Journal of Philology (Am. J. PhiloL)

oAmerican Journal of Physics (Anm J. Phys.)

*American Journal of Psychology (Am. J. Psychol)

oAmerican Journal of Science (Am. J. Sci.)

American Literature (Am Lit.)

oAmerican Mathematical Monthly (Am Math Mon.)

oAmerican Neptune (Am Neptune)

oAmerican Notes and Queries (Am Notes Queries)

oAmerican Psychologist (Am Psychoi)

oAmerican Quarterly (Am. Q.) American-Scandinavian Review (Am.-Scand. Rev.)

oAmerican Scholar (Ant Schol.)

oAmerican Scientist (Am. Scient.)

oAmerican Sociological Review (Aim Soc. Rev.)

American Statistician (Am. Statist.)

American West (Am West)

oAnnales, Ltconomies, Societ6s, Civilisations (Annls. tcon. Soc. Civ.)

Annales de G6ographie (Annls Geogr.)

oAnnales de l'Universit6 de Paris (Annls Univ. Paris)

Annals of the Association of American Geographers (Ann. Ass. Am Geogrs)

oAnnals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (Ann. R. Coll. Surg.)

oAnnals of Science (Ann. Sci.)

Annual Review of Physical Chemistry (A. Rev. Phys. Chem.)

eAntiquite Classique (Antiq. Class.)

oAntiquity

oAnzieger der Osterreichische Akademie der Wissen- schaften. Mathematische-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse (Anz. Ost. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl.)

oApplied Optics (Appl. Opt.)

oArcadia

oArchaeology

oArchiv fir Begriffsgeschichte (Arch Begriffsgesch.)

*Archiv fuir Geschichte der Philosophie (Arch. Gesch. Phil.)

oArchiv fur Kreislaufforschung (Arch. Kreislaufforsch.)

oArchiv fuir Kulturgeschichte (Arch. Kulturgesch.)

oArchive for History of Exact Sciences (Arch. Hist. Exact Sci.)

Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal)

Archives Heraldiques Suisses (Archs Herald. Suiss) oArchives d'Histoire Doctrinale et Litteraire du Moyen

Age (Archs Hist. Doct. Litt. Moyen Age) oArchives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences

(Archs Int. Hist. Sci.) o Archives de Philosophie (Archs Phil.)

Archives des Sciences (Archs Sci., Geneva) oArchivum Franciscanum Historicum (Archivum

Francis. Hist.) oArchivum Fratrum Praedictorum

(Archivum Frat. Praed.) oAsclepio

Astronomie. Bulletin de la Societe Astronomique de France (Astronomie)

Australian Journal of Science (Aust. J. Sci.)

Australian Quarterly (Aust. Q.)

oBeitrage zur Geschichte des Bergbaus und Hutten- wesens (Beitr. Gesch. Bergbaus Hiittenwes.)

oBeitrage zur Geschichte der Pharmazie. Beilage der Deutschen Apotheker-Zeitung (Beitr. Gesch. Pharm.)

*Beitrage zur Technikgeschichte Tirols (Beitr. Technikgesch. Tirols)

oBibliotheque d'Humanisme et Renaissance, Travaux et Documents (Bibltque Hum. Renaiss.)

Biologie Medicale (Biol Med.)

Biologisch Jaarboek (Biol Jaarb.)

oBiometrika

o Blatter fiir Technik-Geschichte (Bi. Tech-Gesch)

oBohemia. Jahrbuch des Collegium Carolinium (Bohemia)

oBoston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (Boston Stud. Phil. Sci.)

British Journal for the History of Science (Br. J. Hist. Sci.)

oBritish Journal for the Philosophy of Science (Br. J. Phil. Sci.J

British Journal of Sociology (Br. J. Sociol)

oBritish Museum Quarterly (Br. Mus. Q.)

oBulletin of the American Mathematical Society (Bull Am Math. Soc.)

oBulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Bull.Atom. Scient.) oBulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)

(Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist.)

oBulletin of the History of Medicine (Bull. Hist. Med.)

oBulletin of the Menninger Clinic (Bull. Menninger Clin.)

*Bulletin de Philosophie M6di6vale (Bull Phil Mediev. )

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (Bull. Seismol Soc. Am)

oBulletin de la Societe Frangaise de Philosophie (Bull. Soc. Fran. Phil.)

Bulletin of the Society of University Cartographers (Bull Soc. Univ. Cartogr.)



Bibliographical Sources 7

*Byzantinische Zeitschrift (Byzantinische Z.)

eCahiers de Civilisation Medievale de Xe-XIIe Siecles (Cah. Civ. Med.)

*Cahiers d'Histoire Mondiale (Cah. Hist. Mond.)

Canadian Cartographer (Can. Cartographer)

Cartographic Journal (Cartogr. J.)

* Centaurus eCentennial Review (Centennial Rev.)

.Ceskoslovensky 6asopis Historicky (Cvs. Cas. Hist.)

*Chartered Mechanical Engineer (Chart. Mech. Engr)

*Chemie Ingenieur Technik (ChemieIngr. Tech.)

* Chemiker Zeitung

eChemistry in Britain (Chemy Br.)

*CIBA Review (CIBA Rev.) *CIBA Symposium (CIBA Symp.)

Classica et Mediaevalia (Classica Mediaevalia)

*Classical Journal (Class. J.) eClassical Philology (Class. Philol.) *Classical Quarterly (Class. Q.)

*Classical Review (Class. Rev.) eClassical World (Class. World) Clio Clio Medica Compte Rendu des Seances de la Societe de Physique

et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve (Comp. Rend. Seances Soc. Phys. Hist. Natur. Geneve)

*Continuum *Cuadernos de Hist6ria de la Medicina Espainola

(Cuad. Hist. Med. Esp.) eCultura e Scuola (Cultura Scuola) *Daedalus (Boston) oDarwiniana *De Homine

*Dejiny Ved a Techniky (Definy Ved Tech.)

Deutsche Arzteblatt-Arztliche Mitteilungen (Deut. Arzteb.-Arztl. Mitt.)

eDialectica

*Dialogue

*Diderot Studies (Diderot Stud.)

*Dijalektika

*Diogenes *Discovery. Magazine of the Peabody Museum of

Natural History, Yale University (Discovery (Peabody Mus.))

eDissertation Abstracts International (Diss. Abs. Int.)

*Dix-huifi&me Siecle (Dix-huit. SiecleJ

XVII Siecle

DVT see Dejiny Ve'd a Techniky

* East European Quarterly (East European Q.)

*Economic Botany (Econ. Bot.)

* Economic History Review (Econ. Hist. Rev.)

Einheit *Endeavour

*English Historical Review (Eng. Hist. Rev.)

*Episteme

*Eranos

SEranos Jahrbuch (Eranos Jahrb.)

.Essex Institute Historical Collections (Essex Inst. Hist. Coil.)

Etudes Germaniques (Letud. German.)

EBtudes Philosophiques (Etud. Phil.)

Extrapolation

eFolia Mendeliana Musei Moravie (Folia Mendel.)

*French Historical Studies (French Hist. Stud.)

*Galeno Geological Society of America Bulletin (Geol. Soc. Ami Bull.)

Geologie

Geographica Helvetica (Geogr. Helvetica)

Geographical Journal (Geogrl. J.)

Geographical Review (Geogrl. Rev.)

Geographische Zeitschrift (Geogr. Z.)

Georgia Historical Quarterly (Georgia Hist. Q.)

Geotimes *Gesnerus

oGoethe

*Graduate Journal (Univ. Texas) (Grad. J. (Univ. Texas))

* Greece and Rome (Greece Rome)

*Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies (Greek Romian Byzantine Stud.)

Gutenberg Jahrbuch (Gutenberg Jahrb.)

* Harvard Library Bulletin (Harv. Libr. Bull.)

*Heidelberger Jahrbuch (Heidelberger Jahrb.)

*Hermathena

Hermeneus

*Hermes

*Hesperia

eHispanic American Historical Review (Hisp. Am Hist. Rev.)

*Histoire et Biologie (Histoire Biol.)

*Historian

*Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences (Historical Stud. Phys. Sci.)

*History of Education Quarterly (Hist. Educ. Q)

*History of Religions (Hist. Religions)

eHistory of Science (Hist. Sci.)

eHistory and Theory (Hist. Theory)

eHistory Today (Hist. Today)

Huntington Library Quarterly (Huntington Libr. Q.)

oldeen des Exakten Wissens (Ideen Exak. Wissens)

IEEE Spectrum

eImago Mundi




* Impact of Science on Society (Impact ScL Soc.)

.Indian Journal of the History of Medicine (Indian J. Hist. Med.)

*Indian Journal of History of Science (Indian J. Hist. Sci.)

a Industrial Archaeology (Ind. Archaeol.)

Inquiry

*International Journal of Psychiatry (Int. J. Psychiat.)

* International Journal of Psychoanalysis (Int. J. Psychoanal.)

a International Philosophical Quarterly (Int. Phil. Q.)

Irish Historical Studies (Irish Hist. Stud.)

a Isis *Islam sIslamic Quarterly (Islamic Q.) sIslamic Studies (Islamic Stud.) .Istoriko-Astronomicheskie Issledovaniia

(Istor.-Astron. Issled.) *Istoriko-Matematicheskie Issledovanla

(Istor.-Mat. Issled.) *Italia Medioevale e Umanistica (Italia Medio. Uman.) *Iz Istorii Biologicheskikh Nauk (Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk) * Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematikervereinigung

(Jber. dt. Mat Verein.) * Janus * Japanese Studies in the History of Science (Jap. Stud.

Hist. Sci.) Jewish Quarterly Review (Jewish Q. Rev.)

* Journal of American History (J. Am. Hist.) Journal of the American Medical Association

(J. Am. Med Ass.) *Journal of the American Oriental Society

(J. Arm Orient. Soc.) * Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association

(J. Am. Psychoanal. Ass.) *Journal of the American Scientifilc Affiliation

(J. A m Scientific Affil.) *Journal of American Studies (J. Am. Stud.)

Journal of Asian History (J. Asian Hist.) *Journal Asiatique (J. Asiat.)

Journal of the British Astronomical Association (J. Br. Astr. Ass)

eJournal of British Studies (J. Br. Stud.) oJournal of Chemical Education (J. Chem. Educ.)

Journal of Creative Behavior (J Ceat. Behav.) eJournal of Cunieform Studies (J. Cunieform Stud.) *Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (J.EgyptianArchaeol.,

Journal of Ethiopian Studies (J. Ethiop. Stud.) *Journal of the Franklin Institute (J. Frank. Instit.)

eJournal of Glass Studies (J. Glass Stud.) oJournal of Hellenic Studies (J. Hellenic Studc) eJournal of Heredity (J. Hered.) eJournal of Historical Studies (J. Hist. Stud.) oJournal for the History of Astronomy (J. Hist. Astron.) eJournal of the History of Behavioral Sciences

(J. Hist. Behavl Sci.) eJournal of the History of Biology (J. Hist. Biol.) *Journal of the History of Ideas (J. Hist. Ideas)

*Journal of History of Medicine and Allied Sciences (J. Hist. Med.)

*Journal of the History of Philosophy (J. Hist. Phil.)

Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (J. Illinois State Hist. Soc. )

a Journal of the Institute of Navigation (J. Inst. Navig.)

*Journal of Near Eastern Studies (J. Near East. Stud.)

* Journal of Philosophy (J. Phil.) Journal of Popular Culture (J. Pop. Cult.)

Journal of Research in Science Teaching (J. Res. Sci. Teach.)

*Journal of Roman Studies (J. Rom. Stud)

*Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (J.R. Asiat. Soc.)

*Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada (J. R. Astr. Soc. an.)

*Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners (J.R. Coll. Gen. Practitioners)

*Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London (J.R. Coll Physicians)

*Journal of the Royal Society of Arts (J. R. Soc. Arts)

* Journal des Savants (J. Savants)

*Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History (J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist.)

Journal of Southern History (J. Southern Hist.)

Journal of Statistical Physics (J. Statist. Physics)

oJournal of the Warburg Institute (J. Warburg Inst.)

*Kagakusi Kenkyu * Kant-Studien (Kant-Stud.)

*Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki (Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech.)

eLatomus Lejeunia

*Library eLychnos eMachine

Man eManchester Literary and Philosophical Society.

Memoirs and Proceedings (Manchr Lit. Phil. Soc.)

eMariner's Mirror Materialprufung

*Mathematics Teacher (Maths Teacher)

*Mathematisch-Physikalische Semesterberichte (Math.-Phys. Semesterber.)

*Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies (Warburg Institute) (Mediaeval Renaiss. Stud. (Warburg Inst.))

*Mediaeval Studies (Mediaeval Stud.) eMedical History (Med. Hist.)

*Medieval and Renaissance Studies (Univ. N. Carolina) (MedievalRenaiss. Stud. (Univ. N. Carolina))

*Medizinhistorisches Journal (Medizinhist. J.)

* Mendel Newsletter Michigan History (Michigan Hist.) Microscopy

* Mid America

a Minerva *Mitteilungen und Forschungsbeitrage der Cusanus-

Gesellschaft (Mitt. ForschBeitr. Cusanus-Ges.)




eMitteilungen des Instituts fur Orientforschung der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin (Mitt. Inst. Orientfors. Dt. Akad. Wiss. Berl.)

Mitteilungen der Osterreichischen Sanitatsverwaltung (Mitt. Osterreich. Sanitdtsverwalt.)

oMonatsbericht der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin (Mber. Dt. Akad. Wiss. Berl.)

*Monist Mosaic

*Nachrichten der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Gottingen. Philosophisch-historische Klasse. (Nachr. Akad. Wiss. Gottingen Phil.-Hist. Kl.)

*National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoirs (Nat. Acad. Sci. Biog. Mem.)

oNature *Naturwissenschaften * Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau (Naturw. Rdsch.)

*Navigation *New Scholasticism (New Scholkst.) *New Scientist (New Scient.)

New York Review of Books (New York Rev. Books)

*New York State Journal of Medicine (N. Y. St. J. Med.)

New Zealand Geographer (New Zealand Geogr.) New Zealand Surveyor (New Zealand Surv.)

oNordisk Matematisk Tidskrift (Nord. Mat. Tidskr.)

North Carolina Historical Review (N. Carolina Hist. Rev.)

oNotes and Records of the Royal Society of London (Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond.)

* NTM. Zeitschrift fiir Geschichte der Naturwissen- schaften, Technik und Medizin (NTM)

Ohio History (Ohio Hist.)

*Ohio Journal of Science (Ohio J. Sci.) Ontogenez

* Organon (Warsaw) Orion

*Osiris Pacific Discovery (Pacif. Discov.)

*Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America (Pap. Bibl. Soc. Am.)

*Past and Present (Past Present) oPensee oPeriodico di Matematiche (Periodico Mat.)

Personalist *Perspectives in Biology and Medicine (Perspect.

Biol. Med.) Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen (Petermanns

Geogr. Mitt.) *Pharmaceutical Historian (Pharmaceutical Hist.)

e Pharmacy in History (Pharmacy Hist.)

*Philosophia Naturalis (Philosophia Nat.)

*Philosophical Journal (Philosophical J.) Philosophical Review (Philosophical Rev.) Philosophische Rundschau (Philosophische Runsch)

oPhilosophy of Science (Philosophy Sci.)

oPhronesis oPhysics Teacher

oPhysics Today Physik in der Schule (Physik Schule)

*Physikalische Blitter (Phys. BI.) oPhysis o Practitioner ePraxis der Mathematik (Prax. Math.)

Priroda oProceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical

Association (Proc. Am. Cath. Phil. Assoc.) *Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society

(Proc. Am. Phil. Soc.) Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

(Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.) *Proceedings. British Academy (Proc. Br. Acad.) *Proceedings of the Huguenot Society of London

(Proc. Huguenot Soc. Lond.) oProceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and

Humanities (Proc. IsraelAcad. Sci. Hum.) oProceedings of the Royal Institution of Great Britain

(Proc. R. Instn Gt. Br.) oProceedings of the Royal Microscopical Society

(Proc. R. Microsc. Soc.) oProceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine

(Proc. R. Soc. Med.) Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria

(Proc. R. Soc. Victoria) Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of

Canada (Proc. Trans. R. Soc. Canada) * Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science

(Proc. W. Virginia Acad. Sci.) Professional Geographer (Prof Geogr.) Prologue: Journal of the National Archives

(Prologue: J. Nat. Arch.) Psychological Reports (Psychol. Rep.)

Psychotherapy *Publications of the English Goethe Society. Papers

Read (Pub. English Goethe Soc., Papers) Publishers' Weekly (Publ. Weekly) Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society (Q. J. R. Astr. Soc.)

*Raison Presente *Ratio *Records of the Australian Academy of Science

(Rec. Aust. Acad. Sci.) *Renaissance and Modern Studies (Renaiss. Mod.

Stud.) * Renaissance Quarterly (Renaiss. Q.)

Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico del1'Universita e del Politecnico di Torino (Rend. Seminar. Mat. Univ. Politec. Torino)

oReview of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Rev. Pot Acad. Sci.)

Revue des Deux Mondes (Revue Deux Mondes)

Revue des Etudes Anciennes (Revue ttud. Anciennes, *Revue des ttudes Grecques (Revue Etud. Grec.)

*Revue des Ftudes Juives (Revue Etud. Juives)

Revue d'Histoire Economique et Sociale (Revue Hist. Pcon. Soc.)

*Revue d'Histoire de la M6decine Hebraique (Revue Hist. Med. Heb.)

*Revue d'Histoire de la Pharmacie (Revue Hist. Pharm.

*Revue d'Histoire des Sciences et de Leurs Application (Revue Hist. Sci. Applic.)

*Revue Historique (Revue Hist.)




* Revue Internationale de Philosophie (RevueInt.Phil.) *Revue Philosophique de la France et de l'Etranger

(Revue Phil. Fr. Etran.) Revue Philosophique de Louvain (Revue Phil. Louvain)

*Revue des Questions Scientifiques (Revue Quest. Scient.)

*Revue de Synthese (Revue Synth.) *Revue de l'Universite de Bruxelles (Revue Univ. Brux.) * Rinascimento eRivista Critica di Storia della Filosofia (Riv. Cdt.

Stor. Fil.) oRivista di Storia della Medicina (Riv. Stor. Med.)

Russian Review (Russian Rev.) * Saeculum eSbornik pro D6jiny Pfirodnich Ved a Techniky

see Dejiny V'ed a Techniky * Schriften des Vereines zur Verbreitung Naturwissen-

schaftlichen Kentnisse in Wien (Schr. Ver. Verbreit. Naturw. Kennt. Wien)

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Geschichte (Schweizerische Z. Gesch.)

eScience * Science Progress (Sci. Prog.)

Sciences eScientia *Scientiarum Historia (Scientiarum Hist.) eScientific American (Scient. AmJ

Scottish Geographical Magazine (Scott. Geogr. Mag.) eScripta Mathematica (Scr. Math. (N.Y.)) eScriptorium

*Sitzungsberichte der Bayerische Akademie der Wissen- schaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse. (Sitzungsber. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Naturwiss. Ki.)

Sitzungsberichte der Physikalisch-Medizinischen Sozietat zu Erlangen (Sitzungsber. Phys.-Med. Soz. Erlangen)

*Sky and Telescope (Sky Telesc.) Smithsonian Journal of History (Smithson. J. Hist.) Sophia Southern California Quarterly (S. Calif Q.)

* Soviet Studies in Philosophy (Soviet Stud. Phil.) *Speculum

Spektrum *Spisanie na Bulgarskata Akademiya na Naukite

(Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk.) Stechert-Hafner Book News Stendahl Club Sterne Sterne und Weltraum (Sterne Weltraum)

eStudi Medievali *Studia Leibnitiana (Studia Leib.) .Studia i Materialy z Dziejow Nauki Polskiej (Studia

Mater. Dziej. NaukiPol.) Studia Patavina

eStudia Philosophica Gandensia (Studia Phil. Gand.) .Studies in Philosophy and the History of Philosophy

(Stud. Phil. Hist. Phil.) oStudies in the Renaissance (Stud. Renaiss.) -Studies in Romanticism (Stud. Romant.)

Studies in Scottish Literature (Stud. Scot. Lit.)

oStudies on Voltaire and the 18th Century (Stud. Voltaire 18th Cent.)

eStudium Generale *Sudhoffs Archiv fur Geschichte der Medizin und der

Naturwissenschaften (Sudhoffs Arch) Surveying and Mapping (Surv. Mapp.)

Svenska Linn&-Sillskapet Arsskrift (Svenska Linne-Sallsk. Arsskr.)

.Symbolae Osloenses

e Synthese eSystematics

Talanta eTaxon eTechnik Geschichte

Technologist see Technology + Society

eTechnology and Culture (Technology Cult.)

*Technology + Society (Tech. Soc.) eTerrae Incognitae (Terrae Incog.) *Texas Quarterly (Texas Q.)

Times Literary Supplement (Times Lit. Suppl)

*Traditio *Tradition. Zeitschrift fur Firmengeschichte und

Unternehmerbiographie (Tradition, Z. Firmengesch.)

*Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.)

eTransactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society (Trans. C.S. Peirce Soc.)

Transactions of the International Conference of Orientalists in Japan (Trans. Int. Conf: Orient. Japan)

*Transactions. Newcomen Society (Trans. Newcomen Soc.)

*Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philo- logical Association (Trans. Proc. Amn Philol. Ass.)

eTransactions and Studies of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia (Trans. Stud. Coll. Physns Philad.)

eUniversity of Birmingham Historical Journal (Univ. Birmingham Hist. J.)

Ural-Altaische Jahrbuch (Ural-Altaische Jahrb.) .Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk (Usp. Fiz. Nauk.) .Uspekhi Mathematicheskikh Nauk (Usp. Math. Nauk) *Verein Deutscher Ingenieure Zeitschrift ( Verein Deut.

Ingen. Z.)

*Verhandlungen der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft (Verh. Schweiz. Naturforsch. Ges.)

Vestnik Akademii Nauk SSSR (Vest. Akad. Nauk SSSR)

*Victorian Periodicals Newsletter (Victorian Period. Newslett.)

eVictorian Studies (Victorian Stud.) *Vistas in Astronomy (Vistas Astr.) eVivarium

Voprosy Filosofii (Vop. Filos.) eVoprosy Istorii Estestvoznaniia i Tekhniki (Vop.

Istor. Estest. Tekh.) o Waage *William and Mary Quarterly (WilL Mary Q.)




*Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin. Mathematische-Naturwissenschaft Reihe (Wiss. Z. Humboldt-Univ. Math.-Natur. Reihe)

Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Universitat Rostock. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Reihe (Wiss. Z. Univ. Rostock, Math.-Natur. Reihe)

*Zeitschrift fur Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie (Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie)

Zeitschrift fur Chemie (Z. Chem.) *Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesell-

schaft (Z. Dt. Morgenland. Ges.) Zeitschrift fur Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften,

Technik und Medizin see NTM *Zeitschrift fuir Philosophische Forschung

(Z. Phil. Forsch.) Zeitschrift fur Wirttembergische Landesgeschichte (Z. Wiirt. Landesgesch.)

Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii *Zygon

Other Bibliographies

There are a number of other bibliographies of current work that the historian of science should consult in conjunction with this Critical Bibliography. The most important of these are:

Bibliography of the History of Medicine. Bethesda, Md.: National Library of Medicine. Published annually.

Bulletin Signaletique 22. Histoire des sciences et des techniques. Paris: Centre de documentation du C.N.R.S. Published quarterly.

Current Bibliography in the History of Technology. Published annually in the journal Technology and Culture.

Current Work in the History of Medicine. London: Wellcome Historical Medical Library. Published quarterly.

The editor wishes to thank Constance Miller and Philip Teigen, graduate students in the History of Science at the University of Wisconsin, for their assistance in the compilation of the present bibliography.

JOHN NEU

February 1971 Madison, Wisconsin



1. History of Science, General 13

A. HISTORY OF SCIENCE: GENERAL REFERENCES AND TOOLS

HS 1. HISTORY OF SCIENCE, GENERAL WORKS (works covering two or more of the divisions under C and D below; also national histories of science)

BARBENSI, GUSTAVO. 11 persiero scientifico in Toscana. Disegno storico dalle origini al 1859. (Biblioteca della "Rivista di storia delle scienze mediche e naturale", 17.) ix + 494 pp., plts., bibl. Florence: Olschki, 1969. L 8000. 1

BEN-DAVID, JOSEPH. The rise and decline of France as a scientific centre. Minerva, 1970, 8:160-179. "The first part of this paper is an attempt to substantiate [the interpretation that] . . . the great upsurge of French science following the Revolution was only indirectly related to the new institutions of higher education established between 1794-1800, and that these institutions did not constitute a beginning of organised professional science. They were rather the culmination of 18th century patterns of scientific work. I suggest furthermore that the upsurge was due to the re-emergence and reinforcement under Napoleon and the Restoration of the same constellation of social forces which furthered the growth of science during the ancien. rernie . . . The second part attempts to explore the structure and the working of French science during the rest of the 19th and 20th centuries ... to see why French science ... has been relatively ineffective in responding to the challenge of organized scientific research. .

2

BOCHNER, SOLOMON. Eclosion and synthesis: Perspectives on the history of knowledge. 264 pp., bibl. New York: Benjamin, 1969. A large part of this work deals with knowledge in science and mathematics.

3

DIEMER, ALWIN (ed.) Der Wissenschafsbegriff: Historische und systematische Untersuchungen. Vortrage und Diskussionen im April 1968 in Diisseldorf und im Oktober 1968 in Fulda. (Studien zur Wissenschaftstheorie, 4.) viii + 277 pp., index. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970 Contents: Alwin Diemer: Der Wissenschaftsbegriff in historischem und systematischem Zusammenhang. Heinrich Schipperges: Zum Wissenschaftsbegriff im arabischen Mittelalter. Norbert Henrichs; Scientia Magica. Heribert M. Nobis: Die wissenschaftstheoretische Bedeutung der peripatetischen 'questione mechanicae'. Bemerkungen zum Verhiltnis von 'ars' und 'scientia' im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert. Waltraud Bumann: Der Begriff der Wissenschaft im deutschen Sprach- und Denkraum. Lutz Geldsetzer: 'Science' in franzosischen Sprach- und Denkraum. Wilhelm Risse: Der Wissenschaftsbegriff in England im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. Alois von der Stein: System als Wissenschaftskriterium. Gert K6nig: Der

[continued in next column]

Wissenschaftsbegriff der 'philosophy of science'. Gert K6nig: Mathematik als Wissenschaft. Adolf Mayer-A bich: Die Erkenntnisideale der Biologie. Lutz Geldsetzer: Begriffe uihd Ideale wissenschaftlicher Philosophie. Theo Herrmann: Der Wissenschaftsbegriff der Psychologie. Rudolf Heinz: Zum Begriff der philosophischen Kunstwissenschaft im Jahrhundert. Rudolf Wohlgenannt: tiber eine Untersuchung des Begriffs der Wissenschaft. 4

FYRTH, HUBERT J.; MAURICE GOLDSMITH. Science, history, and technology. Book 2. Part 1: The age of confidence, the 1840s to 1880s. Part 2: The age of uncertainty, the 1880s to the 1940s. Part 3: The age of choice, the 1940s to the 1960s. 3 vols.; x + 89 pp.; x + 138 pp.; x + 107 pp., illus., plts., bibl., index. London: Cassell, 1969. 21s.; 25s.; 25s. 5

HOGBEN, LANCELOT T. The vocabulary of science. With Maureen Cartwright. 184 pp. New York: Stein and Day, 1970. $6.95. Contents: The Latin legacy. The reinstatement of Greek. Background to the French reform. Spelling conventions as tools of diagnosis. A few hints about Latin and Greek grammar. Basic Greek and Latin vocabularies. Medical and biological Greek and Latin terms. 6

KUCZYNSKI, JURGEN. Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft bis zur industriellen Revolution. Studien und Essays uiber drei Jahrtausende. 153 pp. Berlin: Akademie- Verlag, 1970. DM 12.50. 7

MEERLOO, JOOST A. M. Along the fourth dimension: Man's sense of time and history. Illus. by Carl Smith. x + 278 pp., bibl., index. New York: Day, 1970. 8

PRADO, BENTO. Philosophie, musique et botanique de Rousseau a Levi-Strauss. Pp. 571-580 in Jean Pouillon and Pierre Maranda (eds.) Echanges et communications: Me'langes offerts a Levi-Strauss. The Hague: Mouton, 1970. 9

SAMBURSKY, SAMUEL. Antithetische Elemente in Natur und Naturerkenntnis. Eranos-Jahrb., 1967 (pub. 1968),36:229-267. 10

SHERWOOD, MARTIN. Caricatures of science. New Scient., 1970,47:382-384. Brief history of caricaturing and cartooning of scientists. Includes several illustrations. 11



14 1. History of Science, General 3. Historiography

SIMON, YVES. The great dialogue of nature and space. Ed. by Gerard J. Dalcourt. xviii + 206 pp. Albany, N. Y.: Magi, 1970. A history based on lectures delivered at the University of Chicago. 12

STEELE, DAVID (ed.) The history of scientific ideas: A teacher's guide. 279 pp., illus., map, bibl., index. London: Hutchinson Educational, 1970. 35s. 13

STICKER, BERNHARD. Scienza antica e moderna: Possibilita e limiti della conoscenza della natura. Physis, 1969, 11:552-563. 14

TATON, RENE. Sur l'histoire des relations scientifiques francorusses. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970,23:257-264. 15

ZUND, KANISIUS. Die naturwissenschaftliche Tatigkeit in Einsiedeln von 16. Jahrhundert bis zur Neuzeit. Verh. Schweiz. Naturforsch. Ges., 1968:9-16. 16

HS 2. BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL TOOLS (specific bibliographies, restricted in subject or time, should be consulted under the appropriate subheadings of B, C, orD)

An APPEAL for preservation of archival materials. Isis, 1970, 61:108-110. An appeal made by a group of mathematicians.

17

BELL, WHITFIELD J., JR. Rattlesnakes and hummingbirds: Philadelphia's resources for the history of science. Pap. Bibliogr. Soc. Am., 1970, 64:13-27. Describes history-of-science collections in colleges, hospitals, libraries, and learned societies in the Philadelphia area. 18

FRIEDLANDER, GORDON D. The Burndy Library: Window on the history of science. IEEE Spectrum, 1970, 7(3):54-64. Illustrated description of the library founded by Bern Dibner for the history of science and technology. 19

GARFIELD, E. Citation indexing for studying science.Nature, 1970,227:669-671. "Basically, then, the SCI [Science Citation Index] does two things. First, it tells what has been published ... Second, because a citation indicates a relationship between a part of the whole of a cited paper and a part or the whole of the citing paper, the SCI tells how each brick in the edifice of science is linked to all the others. Because it performs these two fundamental functions so well, important applications for the SCI have been found in three major areas: library and information science, history of science, and the sociology of science." 20

GIRAUD, JEANNE. Manuel de bibliographie litteraire pour les XVIe, XVIle et XVInle siecles frangais, 1946-1955. xiv + 493 pp., index. Paris: Nizet, 1970. Contains many references of interest to historians of science. 21

KOLANKOWSKI, ZYGMUNT. Polskie zbiory rekopigmienne jako warsztat badan nad dziejami nauki i techniki rosyjskiej i radzieckiej. (Polish archival material concerning the history of Russian and Soviet science and technology.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970,15:329-343. 22

RIDER, K. J. History of science and technology: A select bibliography for students. Second edition. 75 pp., index. London: The Library Association, 1970. 15s (paper). 23

HS 3. HISTORIOGRAPHY AND HISTORICAL METHOD (general works on history, histories of the history of science, and such ancillary disciplines as paleography and chronology)

BELLONI, LUIGI. The repetition of experiments and observations: Its value in studying the history of medicine (and science). J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:158-167. The repetition of experiments and observations is "essentially a part of that work of reconstructing mentalities and environments now superseded which is a necessary duty of the historian". 24

v BROZEK, JOSEF. A note on historians' unhistoricity

in citing references. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:255-257. Using a recent history of psychology as an exemplar, the author objects to, "1) Citing only the publication date of the edition the author happened to use, without reference to a classical work's initial publication date. 2) Citing the works published in a foreign language, especially Russian, by giving only the translated title-whether or not the work has actually been translated-with no information on the language in which the work has actually been published". 25

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. History for scientists. Isis, 1970, 61:115-118. An essay review of C. Truesdell, Essays in the history of mechanics (New York, 1968). 26



3. Historiography 15

FEIGL, HERBERT. Beyond peaceful coexistence. Pp. 3-11 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "The author attempts (1) to draw some clear lines of demarcation between historical and philosophical studies of science; (2) to show the indispensability of logicomethodological analyses for-at least-the 'internal' history of science; and (3) to point out the urgent need for closer collaboration of both types of specialists. An episode from the recent (early 20th-century) history of chemistry is suggested as one interesting example in which historians and logicians of science might fruitfully join forces in research that might lead to a better understanding of the positivistic (aniti-atomistic) and the realistic (atomistic) tendencies in scientific theorizing." From the summary. 27

FINOCCHIARO, MAURICE A. The problem of explanation in historiography of science. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4489-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of California, Berkeley, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no.70-6099. 498 pp. $6.35. "The problem of explanation in historiography of science relates to the question of the nature and adequacy of history of science explanation, and it derives from the fact that the concept of history of science explanation is anomalous and the practice of history of science explanation is unsatisfactory." 28

FOX, ROBERT. The history of science. Pp. 173-186 in H. J. Perkin (ed.) History: An introduction for the intending student. London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1970. 29

GRMEK, MIRKO DRAZEN.Objectivite et progres en histoire des sciences. Anns Econ. Soc. Civ., 1970, 25:616-619. Essay review of XIIe Congres International d'Histoire des Sciences, Colloques, Texte des rapports (Paris, 1968). 30

HESSE, MARY. Hermeticism and historiography: An apology for the internal history of science. Pp. 134- 162 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "The implications of the concepts of 'internal' and 'external' history of science are examined in this paper, and a distinction is made between the effect of internal and external factors on the occasion of scientific development and the effect on its character. Further, influences on character are distinguished into 'rational,' 'irrational,' and 'nonrational' (or causal). Miss Yates's work on the hermetic tradition in the scientific revolution suggests the questions 'Can rational and irrational factors be distinguished conceptually and historically, and the internal history of science be defined in terms of rational factors?' and 'Is internal history relatively autonomous?' An examination of various philosphical analyses of science reveals that no conceptual constraints can be put upon the type of influence admitted into 'rational science,' so the answer to the first question seems to be negative. It is then argued that the answer to the second question depends entirely on each historical case. In particular, recent claims for the importance of external influences on 17th-century science are examined, and it is concluded that as far as evidence presented to date is concerned, the received internal tradition appears to be relatively autonomous." From the summary. 31

HOOYKAAS, R. Historiography of science, its aims and methods. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7: 3749. 32

KOWALEWSKI, ZDZISLOW. Historia nauki a naukoznawstwo: Zarys kierunkow rozwoju i zmian organizacyjnych zakladu historii nauki i techniki. (The history of science and the study of the progress of human knowledge: An outline of developmental trends and organisational changes in the Polish Academy of Science's Institute for the History of Science and Technology.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970,15:471-485. 33

OBJECTIVITE et historicite de la pensee scientifique. Raison Pr6sente, 1968, 8: 24-54. A debate between Yves Galifret, Georges Canguilhem, Ernest Kahane, Noel Mouloud, Jacques Roger, Evry Schatzman, and Jean-Pierre Vigier. 34

OSlNSKA, WANDA. Z problematyki warsztatu badawczego historykow nauki. (Some problems concerning the methods and techniques of research faced by historians of science.) Studia Mater. Dziej. Nauki Pol., Ser. E, 1970, 4:97-15 1. 35

OYA, SHIN-ICHI. History of science in Japan. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:129-13 8. 36

SALMON, WESLEY C. Bayes's theorem and the histosy of science. Pp. 68-86 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "Assuming that the historian is legitimately concerned to distinguish rationally well-grounded from irrational developments in the history of science, this paper defends the distinction between the context of discovery and the context of justification, and goes on to argue that an adequate understanding of the distinction demands a satisfactory account of scientific confirmation." From the summary. 37

THACKRAY, ARNOLD W. Science: Has its present past a future? Pp. 112-133 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "In this paper a first analysis is made of the historical, sociological, and intellectual roots of those historiographic assumptions that have characterized Western history of science for a generation. Thackray argues that this analysis enables us to understand why idealist history now commands an unhealthy hegemony over the field. The latter part of the paper explores some possible alternative modes of the history of science. These modes would allow both a greater interaction with other areas of history and a greater sensitivity to the complex social issues that now invite critical thought from the historian of science." From the summary. 38

ZNACHKO-IAVORSKII, IGOR L. 0 wsp6jdzia4aniu roznych nauk w badaniach nad historia nauki, teckniki i kultury materialnej. (Concerning the cooperation of the various sciences in research on the history of science, technology, and material culture.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:249-265. 39



16 4. Biographical Collections 5. Encyclopedias

HS 4. BIOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS (individual biographies are listed under D)

COURRIER, ROBERT. Vies laborieuses, vies fecondes. Tome I: Notices sur la vie et les travaux de quelques savants. 241 pp., ports. Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1968. Biographies of Eugene Bataillon, Gabriel Bertrand, Pol Bouin, Lucien Cuenot, Alfred Lacroix, Rene Leriche, Ren6 Maire, Thomas Hunt Morgan, Paul Portier, Serge Winogradsky. 40

DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC BIOGRAPHY. Charles Coulston Gillispie, editor in chief. Vol. 1: Pierre Abailard-L. S. Berg. Vol. 2: Hans Berger- Christoph Buys Ballot. 2 vols.; xiii + 624 pp.; xi + 628 pp. New York: Scribner's, 1970. $35 per vol. An essay review appears in the Times Literary Supplement, 1970 (Oct. 16):1177-1179. 41

STUCKEY, RONALD. Index to biographical sketches and obituaries in publications of the Ohio Academy of Science, 1900-1970. Ohio J. Sci, 1970, 70: 246-255. 480 biographical sketches and obituaries of Academy members and other noted scientists are indexed. 42

U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Biographical memoirs, vol. 41. vi + 409 pp., ports., bibl. New York: Columbia University Pr., 1970. Obituaries of Arnold Kent Balls, Percy Williams Bridgman, Dirk Brouwer, Rollin Thomas Chamberlin, Joseph Erlanger, Moses Gomberg, Edwin Powell Hubble, Albert Wallace Hull, Adolph Knopf, Ernest Orlando Lawrence, Duncan Arthur Maclnnes, William Frederick Meggers, Forest Ray Moulton, and George Braxton Pegram. 43

HS 5. ENCYCLOPEDIAS AND COMPENDIA OF GENERAL SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

INTERNATIONAL ENCYCLOPEDIA of the social sciences. David L. Sills, editor. 17 vols., index. New York: Macmillan and Free Pr., 1968. This work contains much of interest to historians of science. The articles under the heading "Science" include: Thomas S. Kuhn: The history of science. Bernard Barber: The sociology of science. Michael Scriven: The philosophy of science. Don K. Price: Science-Government relations. Warren 0. Hagstrom: Scientists. Norman Kaplan, Norman W. Storer: Scientific communication. There are lengthy bibliographies. 44

MAYERHOFER, JOSEF (ed.) Lexikon der Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften: Biographien, Sachworter und Bibliographien. Lieferung 6: Daniel von Morley-Dobel, Arnold. Pp. 705-847. Vienna: Hollinek, 1970. After a long delay, this valuable work resumes publication. 45



10. Philosophy of Science 17

B. SCIENCE AND ITS HISTORY FROM SPECIAL POINTS OF VIEW

(works involving two or more subjects or chronological periods)

HS 10. PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND METHODS OF SCIENCE (general works only; those devoted to a special period or persons are found below under D)

ACHINSTEIN, PETER. Inference to scientific laws. Pp. 87-11 1 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "This paper examines philosophically what is meant by inference to scientific laws, as contrasted, for example, with the hypothetico-deductive scheme in which consequences are drawn, or inferences are made, from scientific laws in order to test those laws. Hanson's (and Peirce's) retroductive mode of inference is also criticized. Finally, the meaning and force of the distinction between the context of discovery and the context of justification is discussed; Achinstein rejects the idea that there are two separate logics operative, proposing instead that one ask in which, if either, context a scicntist's reasoning takes place. To illustrate his arguments, and to displav their relevance to both philosophers and historians of science Achinstein examines Gay-Lussac's reasoning in connection with his discovery of his law of combining volumes of gases, as well as the related work of Avogadro." From the summary. 46

ACKERMANN, ROBERT J. Philosophy of science, an introduction. xi + 166 pp., bibl., index. New York: Pegasus, 1970. $6.95. 47

AGASSI, JOSEPH. Privileged access. Inquiry, 1969, 12:420426. "That everyone has some privileged access to some information is trivially true. The doctrine of privileged access is that I am the authority on all of my own experiences. Possibly this thesis was attacked by Wittgenstein (the thesis on the non-existence of private languages). The thesis was refuted by Freud (I know your dreams better than you), Duhem (I know your methods of scientific discovery better than you), Malinowski (I know your customs and habits better than you), and perception theorists (I can make you see things which are not there and describe your perceptions better than you can). The significance of this rejected thesis is that it is the basis of sensationalism and thus of all inductivist and some conventionalist philosophy." From the summary. 48

AMSTERDAMSKI, STEFAN. Spbr o koncepcje postepu w rozwoju nauki. (Controversy concerning the concept of progress in the development of science.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:487-506. Concerning the controversy between Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos on this subject. 49

APEL, KARL-OTTO. Wissenschaft als Emanzipation? Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Wissenschafts- konzeption der "kritischen Theorie". Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:173-195. 50

BACHELARD, GASTON. Etudes. Presentation de Georges Canguilhem. 99 pp. Paris: Vrin, 1970. Contents: Noumene et microphysique. Le monde comme caprice et miniature. Lumiere et substance. Critique preliminaire du concept de frontiere epist'emologique. Id6alisme discursif. 51

BRODY, BORUCH A. (ed.) Readings in the philosophy of science. xviii + 637 pp. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1970. 52

CANGUILHEM, GEORGES. Qu'est-ce qu'une ideologie scientifique? Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:3-13. 53

CHALMERS, A. F. Curie's principle. Br. J. Phil. Sci., 1970,21:133-148. Discusses the principal enunciated by Pierre Curie in 1894: "When certain diseases produce certain effects, the elements of symmetry of the causes must be found in the effects produced". 54

CONRADT, RUDIGER. Grundziuge einer naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnistheorie. Philosophia Nat., 1970, 12:3-46. 55

DIEGUEZ, MANUEL DE. Science et nescience. 548 pp., index. Paris: Gallimard, 1970. F 46.50. 56

DIEMER, ALWIN. Zur Grundlegung eines ailgemeinen Wissenschaftsbegriffes. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:209-227. 57

FEYERABEND, PAUL K. Philosophy of science: A subject with a great past. Pp. 172-183 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historcal and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "This paper, without going into too much detail, tries to indicate that contemporary philosophy of science deals in a highly sophisticated and precise manner with problems which have nothing to do with science at all, while the philosophy of Galileo, or Descartes, or Newton advanced the sciences and led to many useful discoveries. A brief account of Mach's philosophy is also given, and it is argued that most of his 20th-century followers misrepresent him." From the Summary' 58



18 10. Philosophy of Science

FOUCAULT, MICHEL. The order of things: An archaeology of the human sciences. Trans. from the French. xxiv + 387 pp., plt., illus. London: Tavistock, 1970. 75s. Translation of Les mots et les choses (Paris, 1966). 59

HARRE, ROMANO. The method of science. (Wykeham science series for schools and universities, 8.) xii + 123 pp., illus., index. London: Wykeham, 1970. 25s. 60

HARRE, ROMANO. The principles of scientific thinking. x + 324 pp., plts., bibl., index. London: Macmillan; Chicago: Univ. Chicago Pr., 1970. ?4.50. 61

HEISENBERG, WERNER. Anderungen der Denkstruktur im Fortschritt der Wissenschaft. Studium Generale, 1970,23:808-816. 62

HEITLER, WALTER. Naturphilosophische Streifzuige. Vortrage und Aufsatze. 128 pp., illus. Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1970. DM 19.80. 63

HIMSWORTH, HAROLD. The development and organization of scientific knowledge. viii + 180 pp., index. London: Heinemann, 1970. ?3.15. 64

HINTIKKA, JAAKKO. Philosophy of science (Wissenschaftstheorie) in Finland. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:119-132. Author's abstract: A survey of recent work in the philosophy of science in Finland, with a bibliography. The main sources of influence emphasized are Eino Kaila (1890-1958) and G. H. von Wright (b. 1916). The main topics covered are: induction and probability; information and explanation; the acceptance and application of theories; the role of auxiliary (theoretical) terms; measurement; general methodology of social and behavioral sciences; finalistic explanation; methodology of sociology and history. 65

KELLE, V. ZH. The Leninist conception of scientific ideology and its critics. Soviet Stud. Phil., 1970, 9:99-120. 66

KIEFER, HOWARD E.; MILTON K. MUNITZ (eds.) Mind, science and history. xii + 321 pp. Albany: State Univ. of New York Pr., 1970. Partial contents: Ernest Nagel: Issues in the logic of reductive explanations. Mario Bunge: Theory meets experience. Peter Caws: Models for scientific practice (A response). Richard Schlegel: Do we know the world through science? Ernest Nagel: On some alleged limitations of scientific knowledge. Bentley Glass: A practitioner's view of the biological sciences. 67

KLEINER, SCOTT A. Erotetic logic and the structure of scientific revolution. Br. J. Phil. Sci., 1970, 21:149-165. "Recent critics [T. S. Kuhn, N. R. Hanson, and S. Toulmin] of the progranme of logical empiricism have made the important and doubtless true claim that rigorous formalization of existing scientific theories is insufficient for an adequate philosophical account of the scientific enterprise. However, some of these critics have also condemned clarifying the content of a theory by axiomatising the theory as being either impossible or unenlightening. In what follows I hope to show by example that conceptual clarification by axiomatisation is possible and that its achievement can be enlighteninginsofar as it can contribute to the solution of several important problems left open by these critics."

68

KRUJGER, LORENZ (ed.) Erkenntnisprobleme der Naturwissenschaften. Text zur Einfiihrung in die Philosophie der Wissenschaft. (Neue wissenschaftliche Bibliothek, 38.) 534 pp., bibl., index. Cologne: Kiepenheuer and Witsch, 1970. DM 38. 69

KUHN, THOMAS S. The structure of scientific revolutions. Second edition enlarged. (International encyclopedia of unified science. Foundations of the unity of science, II, 2.) xii + 210 pp. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Pr., 1970. $6.; $1.50 (paper). 70

LACHARITE, NORMAND. Archeologie du savoir et structures du langage scientifique. Dialogue, 1970, 9:35-53. Concerning M. Foucault's Les mots et les choses. 71

LASHCHYK, EUGENE M. Scientific revolutions: A philosophical critique of the theories of science of Thomas Kuhn and Paul Feyerabend. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5029-A. Dissertation at Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1969. Supervisor: Murry Murphy. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7819. 166 pp. $3. 72

LE GRAND, WES. Physiologie du cerveau et philosophie des science. Revue Phil. Fr. Etran., 1970, 160:135-143. 73

LUYTEN, NORBERT A. Schriften zur Naturphilosophie. Ecrits sur la philosophie de la nature. (Arbeiten zur Psychologie, Padagogik und Heilpadagogik, 25.) 217 pp., bibl. Frieburg: Universitatsverlag, 1969. Sfr. 15. Contents: Le probleme de la philosophie de la nature. Cosmologie et philosophie "scientifique". Das Verh'ltnis zwischen Wissenschaftskritik und Naturphilosophie. R6flexions sur la notion de mati6re. Philosophisches zum Materiebegriff. Matter as potency. Die Materie in naturphilosophischer Sicht. Der Raum als Problem der Philosophie. Philosophical implications of evolution. Teilhard de Chardin: Eine neue Synthese des Wissens? R6flexions sur la methode de Teilhard de Chardin. Materie, Bewusstsein, Geist in der Sicht Teilhards de Chardin. 74



10. Philosophy of Science 19

MC MULLIN, ERNAN. The history and philosophy of science: A taxonomy. Pp. 12-67 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "This paper explores the various ways in which HS and PS may be related, and argues that for certain sorts of problem in PS only an approach which relies heavilyon HS for its evidence is likely to succeed. It is pointed out that the temporal dimension of science has been largely ignored by 20th-century philosophers of science largely because of the dominance of formal-logical techniques in the analysis of scientific method. In the last decade, however, this has begun to change; philosophers of science are now beginning to take HS very seriously." From the summary. 75

METZ, ANDRE. Esprit et causalite. Revue Synth., 1970, 91:13-68. Contents: Liberte, fatalisme. Le sens de l'histoire. Determinisme ou libre arbitre. Le temps d'apres Kant. La duree intuitive de Bergson et le temps de l'universe. Le temps scientifique. Les quanta et le determinisme. L'irreversibilite et le libre arbitre. La disponsibilite de l'universe. La communication des substances. Idealisme, mat'erialisme, realisme. This posthumously published work is preceded (pp. 5-12) by an essay concerning it by Noel Mouloud. 76

MULLER, A. M. KLAUS; WOLFHART PANNENBERG. Erwigungen zu einer Theologie der Natur. 80 pp., bibl. Gutersloh: Mohn, 1970. DM 9.80. Contents: A. M. K. Muller: UJber philosophischen Umgang mit exakter Forschung und seine Notwendigkeit. W. Pannenberg: Kontingenz und Naturgesetz. 77

NISHIKAWA, TOMIO. Zur Erkenntnistheoretischen Bestimmung von Raum und Zeit. Z. Phil. Forsch., 1970,24:206-223. 78

PARKS, D. Are space and time necessary? Scientia, 1970, 105:210-222. "Perhaps there is something to be gained if scientists would study and try to experience personally the representations of reality used by cultures other than their own. At least, our own view comes to seem less inevitable, and it may lead to something more. For the Copernican Revolution was more than a mathematical change of variables and did more than provide a proper basis for physics. It gave a new and juster estimate of the relation of man to nature; the modern mind began there. The aim of this paper is to indicate a point in the structure of Westem thougt where something is loose and may some day begin to move." 79

POLANYI, MICHAEL. Logic and psychology. Am. Psychol., 1968, 23:27-43. "My main task will be to survey the nonstrict rules of inference-in other words, the informal logic-on which science rests. This nonstrict logic will be seen to rest to some extent on psychological observations not hitherto accepted as the foundation of scientific inference." 80

RADNER, MICHAEL; STEPHEN WINOKUR (eds.) Analyses of theories and methods of physics and psychology. (Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, 4.) ix + 441 pp., index. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. $12.50. Contents: Herbert Feigl: The "orthodox" view of theories: Remarks in defense as well as critique. Paul K. Feyerabend. Against method: Outline of an anarchistic theory.of knowledge. N. R. Hanson: A picture theory of theory meaning. Carl G. Hempel: On the "standard conception" of scientific theories. Mary Hesse: An inductive logic of theories. GroverMaxwell:Structural realism and the meaning of theoretical terms. Joseph Margolis: Notes on Feyerabend and Hanson. William W. Rozeboom: The crisis in philosophical semantics. William Demopoulos: On the relation of topological to metrical strucutre. Keith Gunderson: Asymmetries and mind-body perplexities. Paul E. Meehl: Psychological determinism and human rationalitv: A psychologist's reactions to Professor Karl Popper's "Of clouds and clocks". Paul E. Meehl: Nuisance variables and the ex post facto design. Paul E. Meehl: Some methodological reflections on the difficulties of psychoanalytic research. Michael Radner: Popper and Laplace. 81

RESCHER, NICHOLAS. Scientific explanation. xviii + 242 pp., bibl., index. New York: Free Pr., 1970. $6.95. 82

REVAULT D'ALLONNES, OLIVIER. Michel Foucault: Les mots contre les choses. Raison Presente, 1967,2:29-41. 83

ROBERT, JEAN-DOMINIQUE. Philosophie et science. Philosophie des sciences. El6ments de bibliographie. Archs Phil., 1970, 33:111-127, 295-324. A supplement to Robert's bibliography publi;hed by Beauchesne in 1968. (See CB 94, no. 157). 84

ROSENBLUETH, ARTURO. Mind and brain: A philosophy of science. xii + 128 pp., bibl. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $5.95. 85

SCHLANGER, JUDITH E. Metaphor and invention. Diogenes, 1970, 69:12-27. "Scientific invention does not use non-figurative concepts; it often finds its mode of expression through metaphor." 86

STEGM(JLLER, WOLFGANG. Probleme und Resultate der Wissenschaftstheorie und analytischen Philsosphie. Band II: Theorie und Erfahrung. xv + 485 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: Springer, 1970. DM 76. 87

STUEWER, ROGER H. (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. (Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, 5.) xix + 384 pp., index. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. $11.50. The papers in this volume are listed separately in the present CB. 88



20 10. Philosophy of Science 12. Scientific Instruments

TAVANEC, P. V. (ed.) Problems of the logic of scientific knowledge. xii + 429 pp., bibls., index. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel; New York: Humanities, 1970. $11.75. 89

TUOMELA, RAlMO H. Auxiliary concepts within first-order scientific theories. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5489-A. Dissertation at Stanford Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-10538. 154 pp. $3.

90

TURSMAN, RICHARD (ed.) Studies in philosophy and the history of science: Essays in honor of Max Fisch. With a preface by D. W. Gottshalk. [ix] + 220 pp., port., bibl. Lawrence, Kansas: Coronado Pr., 1970. Some of the papers in this Festschrift are entered in the chronological section of the present CB. The papers not listed elsewhere aie: Robert A. Cornett: Four uses of "freedom". H. S. Harris: The right answer to Pontius Pilate. L. L. Haworth: The justification of morality. Richard P. Haynes: Aristotle and virtuous activity. Donald Koehn: The birth of pragmatism: Peirce's attempt to solve the problem of induction. George W. Linden: Hartshorne, Merleau-Ponty and synaethesis. Richard W. Miller: Peirce's first series of papers in logic. James F. Sheridan: The fall and the field. Bernard Suits: Can you play a game without knowing it? Richard Tursman: Will's criticisms of Peirce's frequency theory of probability. Duane H. Whittier:

Language and the self. Max H. Fisch: The critic of institutions. Max. H. Fisch: The philosophy of history: A dialogue. William B. Fisch: Max Harold Fisch: A bio-bibliographical sketch. Willard Miller: A bibliography of the writings of Max Harold Fisch. Theses directed by Max H. Fisch at the Univeristy of Illinois.

91

VAN FRAASSEN, BASTIAAN C. An introduction to the philosophy of time and space. xiv + 224 pp., illus. New York: Random House, 1970. $5.95. 92

VIRIEUX-REYMOND, ANTOINETTE. La classification des sciences et ses problemes. Verh. Schweiz. Naturforsch. Ges., 1968:147-155. 93

YILDIRIM, CEMAL. Towards an understanding of science. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:104-118. Author's abstract: In the attempt to understand science, definition is not much of a help. Due to the ever growing complexity of science, no unique and universally valid set of defining criteria is available. Hence, certain distinctions are resorted to: science is both a body of tested knowledge and a method of inquiry. The latter, in turn, consists of two phases: discovery and confirmation. The writer argues that it is mainly in respect of its method that science can best be characterized and distinguished from other types of inquiry.

94

ZECHA, GERHARD. Veroffentlichungen Osterreichischer Wissenschaftstheoretiker. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970,1:311-321. Bibliographies of the following philosophers of science: Karl Acham, Curt Christian, Rudof Freundlich, Gerhard Frey, Rudolf Haller, Bela Juhos, Reinhard Kamitz, Bernulf Kanitscheider, Victor Kraft, Hermann Kramer, Johann Mokre, Edgar Morscher, Otto Muck, Vladimir Richter, Ernst Topitsch, Beda Thum, Paul Weingartner, Rudolf Wohlgenannt, and Heinz Zemanek.

95

ZEMAN, VLADIMIR. The philosophy of science in eastern Europe: A concise survey. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:133-141. Author's abstract: An introductory article, giving first a short historical exposition of philosophical thinking in Russia and Czechoslovakia. Second, basic trends in the philosophy of science in Russia and Poland are dealt with, followed by a briefer consideration of similar trends in other East European countries. A special article on Czechoslovakia will be published later. Some original philosophical contributions, especially of Polish philosophers, are mentioned. Supplemented with selected biblhography.

96

HS 11. SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS (museums, scientific societies, individual laboratories, libraries, etc.)

BIERENS DE HAAN, J. A. De Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, 1752-1952. With a summary in English. vii + 461 pp., ports., illus., index. Haarlem: Tjeenk Willink, 1970. 97

HILTON, RONALD. The scientific institutions of Latin America. With special reference to their organization and information facilities. xxi + 748 + xxxvi pp., maps, index. Stanford: California Institute of International Studies, 1970. $12. 98

OEHSER, PAUL H. The Smithsonian Institution. (Praeger library of U. S. government departments and agencies.) xiii + 275 pp., photos., index. New York: Praeger, 1970. $8.95. 100

TAYLOR, JAMES. Cobalt, madder and computers- The Society's changing scene. J. R. Soc. Arts, 1969, 118:9-14. Discussion of the history and development of the Royal Society of Arts since 1754. 101

HS 12. SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS AND SPECIAL TECHNIQUES (includes metrology; instruments used in the special sciences or at particular periods are listed under those sciences or periods)

CALDER, RITCHIE. Conversion to the metric system. Scient. Am., 1970, 223(1):17-25. A survey of the background and the progress of Great Britain's transition to the metric system. 102

GRANDJEAN, BENT OTTE, A concise history of the stereometry and the body measures, according to contemporary sources. From archaic Egypt to the Viking Age. 34 pp., 27 plts. Albertslund: Storkens, 1969. Dkr 76.50. 103



12. Scientific Instruments 14. Social Relations of Science 21

KULA, WITOLD. Miary i ludzie. 666 pp., illus'., bibl. Warsaw: Painstwowe Wydawn. Naukowe, 1970. History of weights and measures. With extensive bibliography. Summary in French.

104

OXFORD. MAISON FRANtAISE. Exposition: Cinq sieles de l'art frangais des instruments scientifiques: XVe-XIXe siecle. 9 Nov.-4 Dec. 1970. 29 pp., index. Oxford: Maison Franqaise, 1970. 105

HS 13. SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION AND HISTORY OF EDUCATION (materials relating the history of science to science teaching)

BOLDT, WALTER B. Application of Thomas S. Kuhn's view of science to science teaching: An exploratory study. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:2897-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Illinois, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-797. 433 pp. $5.55. 106

BULLOUGH, VERN L. Education and professionalization: An historical example. Hist. Educ. Q., 1970, 10:160-169. "Higher education has had and continues to have several obvious and weil-known functions; but among the most important is bestowing the image of being professional. The fact that this has been the role of higher education from very early times has perhaps not been emphasized enough in the past. It is therefore worth pointing out that the medieval educational concepts of professionalization are still very much a part of our own attitudes, and still basic to our own concepts. Though concepts and ideas, as well as techniques, have changed a great deal since medieval man, the institutional and social importance of the university to the concept of professionalization has not." 107

KEARNEY, HUGH. Scholars and gentlemen: Universities and society in pre-industrial Britain, 1500-1700. 214 pp., bibl., index. London: Faber and Faber, 1970 108

KLOPFER, LEOPOLD E. The teaching of science and the history of science. J. Res. Sci. Teach., 1969, 6:87-95. Uses an account of Humphry Davy's visit to France as an example of how the history of science can be used in teaching science.

109

MILLER, DONALD C. Knowledge of the scientific process attained by prospective elementary school teachers. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4313-A. Dissertation at Ohio State Univ., 1969. Adviser: Loren Thomlinson. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6836. 91 pp. $3. 110

SCHOLER, WALTER. Geschichte des naturwissenschaftlichen Unterrichts im 17. bis 19. Jahrhundert. Erziehungstheoretische Grundlegung und schulgeschichtliche Entwicklung. 373 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1970. DM 58. 111

SILVER, HAROLD; S. JOHN TEAGUE. The history of British universities, 1800-1969, excluding Oxford and Cambridge: A bibliography. (Research into higher education monographs, 13.) xv + 246 pp., index. London: Society for Research into Higher Education, 1970. 45s. 112

HS 14. SOCIAL RELATIONS OF SCIENCE (general works on science and society, science and war, science and government, science and industry, etc.)

ALBU, AUSTEN. Mr. Harold Wilson's scientific revolution. Minerva, 1970, 8:602-607. An essay review of Norman J. Vig, Science and technology in British politics (Oxford, 1968). 113

ALLEN, JONATHAN (ed.) March 4: Scientists, students, and society. xxv + 177 pp. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $1.95 (paper). Talks and panel discussions sponsored by the Union of Concerned Scientists at M.I.T. on March 3 and 4, 1969. 114

BAHR, HANS-DIETER. Kritik der "Politischen Technologie": Eine Auseinandersetzung mit Herbert Marcuse und Jurgen Habermas. 109 pp., bibi. Frankfurt am Main: Europaische Verlagsanstalt, 1970. 115

BARBOUR, IAN G. Science and secularity: The ethics of technology. vi + 151 pp. New York: Harper & Row, 1970. $.4.95. 116

BLACK, JOHN. Science: New hand-maiden of society? New Scient., 1970,46:240-242. "I cannot be the only scientist who is not only deeply concerned about the state to which our science-based culture has brought the world, but who also finds himself rejecting the notion that the remedy lies in the further application of new scientific knowledge, new and 'improved' techniques for the control of Nature. I find myself increasingly questioning the position of the scientist in society; is the scientists' allegiance to a discipline compatible with accountability to the community? Is such compatibility desirable? Many of these questions were raised-explicitly or implicity-in the Edinburgh teach-in on pollution (New Scientist, vol. 45, p. 566) and need discussion in a wider context." 117



22 14. SocialRelationsofScience

BLISSETT, MARLAN. The politics of professionalized science. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5491 -A. Dissertation at Univ. of Texas, Austin, 1969. Supervisor: Emmette S. Redford. Univ. Microfilms order No. 70-10753. 269 pp. $3.50. "Once professional autonomy has been achieved, the major social concern that affects the professionalized group is the extent to which its competence may be utilized, or redirected, by other social institutions. In the case of science these pressures are startling; for the application of scientific expertise has become an important factor in maintaining the competitive viability of business, the military posture of the federal government, and in meeting a range of social demands that are almost too numerous to mention. . 118

BOULDING, KENNETH E. The scientific revelation. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(7):13-18. "It seems true . . . that those countries which have been most successful in accepting the scientific super-culture, and in generating the kind of economic development which is based on it, are also societies which have had a strong and vigorous folk culture as in Europe, the United States and Japan. Where the folk culture produces an ethic which is ill-adapted to the modern world, as it seems to be in the Arab states, the very impact of the super-culture disorganizes a society rather than moving it toward development." 119

BRADEN, WILLIAM. The age of aquarius: Technology and the cultural revolution. xii + 308 pp., illus. Chicago: Quadrangle, 1970. $7.95. 120

BRONWELL, ARTHUR B. (ed.) Science and technology in the world of the future. xxi + 394 pp., illus., bibl. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1970. $11.95. 121

BROWNHILL, R. J. Scientific ethics and the community. The applicability of Polanyi's concept of ethics in the scientific community to the community as a whole. Inquiry, 1968,11:243-248. "Michael Polanyi, in considering the scientific community, rejects scientific detachment as a norm of science. He believes it is only by an emotional immersion in one's research that one can understand reality and achieve discovery. The norm of morality within this community appears as a correct revelation of reality: a norm, which, when expanded to the community as a whole, appears as right reason. A reason which is confirmed by emotional commitment to its truth but is judged by other people's concepts of right reason. A model is produced to illustrate an individual's value system under the 'logic of commitment' " From the summary. 122

BRZEZINSKI, ZBIGNIEW K. Between two ages: America's role in the technetronic era. xvii + 334 pp. New York: Viking, 1970. $7.95. 123

CALDWELL, LYNTON K. (ed.) Science, technology, and public policy: A selective and annotated bibliography. Vol. 1: Books, monographs, government documents, and whole issues of journals. Vol. 2: Articles and journals. Bloomington: Indiana Univ., 1968-1969. 124

CANNON, WILLIAM B. Government and science. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(5):45-47. Essay review of Michael D. Reagan, Science and the federal patron (New York, 1969). 125

CHAIN, ERNST. Social responsibility and the scientist. New Scient., 1970,48:166-170. 126

CHANDRA, HELEN. Chandrasekhar on scientists and society. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(9): 11-14. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar comments on the relationship between the individual scientist and his society. 127

CLARKE, I. F. Voices prophesying war, 1763-1984. x + 254 pp., illus., bibl., index. London: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1966. Pp. 64-106 contain "Science and the shape of wars-to-come, 1880-1914." 128

The COMMUNICATION OF SCIENCE. Times Lit. Suppl., 1970 (May 7):493-520. A special issue. Contents: Solly Zuckerman: The reviewing of scientific books. H. C. Longuet-Higgins: The language of science. Margaret Gowing: Science and the modern historian. D. J. Urquhart: Storage and retrieval of scientific information.

There are also essay reviews of Robert M. Young Mind braini, anid adaptation in the 19th century (Oxford, 1970),' and Joseph Needham, The grand titration (London, 1969) and Clerks and craftsmen in China and the West (Cambridge, 1970), as well as many shorter reviews of recent books in the history and philosophy of science. 129

COTGROVE, STEPHEN F.; STEVEN BOX. Science, industry and society: Studies in the sociology of science. xii + 211 pp., index. London: Allen and Unwin, 1970. 50s. 130

COURNAND, ANDRE F.; HARRIET ZUCKERMAN. The code of science: Analysis and some reflections on its future. Studium Generale, 1970, 23:941-962. "In the past, the 'rules of the scientific game' enabled science to flourish. Now it is questionable whether the culture of science and the distinctive code governing the behavior of investigators can survive. The increasing interdependence of science and other social institutions may create pressures for change and ultimately alter the whole scientific enterprise. It may be fruitful then to approach this problem by examining the culture of science in some detail and by identifying the ways in which its components affect scientific work." 131

CRANE, DIANA. Social structure in a group of scientists: A test of the "Invisible College" hypothesis. Am. Soc. Rev., 1969, 34:335-352. The study revealed that a tie with one or more highly productive scientists brought other scientists of less productivity into a large network of influence and communication. Similarities between this type of social organization and that of the "social circle" are discussed. 132



14. SocialRelations of Science 23

CROWTHER, JAMES G. Half a century of science writing.NewScient., 1970,47:243-245. "Like scientists, science writers depend for their effectiveness on the nature of the social system in which they work. One of the most striking changes in science writing during the past 50 years has been the increasing attention to the social relations of science. These are already one of the chief factors in the future of mankind. Their importance grows continually, and with them that of the function of science writers, in explaining the advances of science, and their social significance."

133

DATTA, LOIS-ELLIN. Family religious background and early scientific creativity. Am. Soc. Rev., 1967, 32:626-635. "This paper examines the association between potential scientific creativity and family religious background in a sample of adolescent scientists. Comparisons were based on three hypotheses derived from studies of the rise of science and of outstanding scientists: the "Protestant ethic" interpretationof Weber and of Merton, the fundamentalistic- liberal interpretation of Lehman and Witty, and Feuer's discussion of the hedonist-libertarian ethic. To the extent that conclusions are based on the same kinds of evidence, namely, religious background distributions, the relation between early scientific attainment and religious background is better predicted by Feuer's hypothesis than by Merton's." 134

DUBOS, RENE J. Reason awake: Science for man. xix + 280 pp., bibl., index. New York: Columbia Univ. Pr., 1970. $6.95; $2.95 (paper). 135

EDGE, D. 0. Career choices by Science Studies students. Nature, 1970,225:506-507. "The Faculty of Science in the University of Edinburgh initiated in October 1967 a one-year course in Science Studies as an option in the curriculum of science students. It is an introduction to some of the social and intellectual implications of the rise of modern science and technology; the material is selected from studies in history, philosophy, sociology and political science, and the topics are related so as to explore the social nature of science (the course is described in the Science Studies Unit's First Report, 1966-69)." It has been found that graduates who took Science Studies at Edinburgh are more likely to choose careers in industry and commerce than are specialist science students. 136

EISELEY, LOREN C. The invisible pyramid. 173 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Scribner, 1970. $6.95. 137

FALK, JOHN E.; MARJORY O'DEA. About science and technology: A brief survey and a bibliography of Australian publications. Aust. J. Sci., 1969, 31:313-320. Presents a bibliography of Australian literature on "scienomics", or science and society. This is followed (pp. 321-324) by a statistical analysis of the material by S. Encel and Marjory O'Dea. 138

FALK, JOHN E.; MARJORY O'DEA. Science, technology, and society: An outline of the development of scienomics. Aust. Q., 1967, 39(4):50-65. By "scienomics" the authors mean the "science of science" "social relations of science", "humanities of science", etc. 139

FELD, BERNARD T. Scientists' role in arms control. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(1):7-8, 4748. 140

FOECKE, HAROLD A. Engineering in the humanistic tradition. Impact Sci. Soc., 1970, 20:125-135. "Generally speaking, the engineer has always been largely concerned only with the technical factors involved in design projects. But it is his social responsibility to take into account, as well, the social and human factors. For this reason, the engineer's education must include much more training in the human and social sciences than is now provided." 141

FOLK, HUGH. The shortage of scientists and engineers. xix + 364 pp., index. Lexington, Mass.: Heath, 1970. 142

FRIEDMAN, BRUNO. Humility and duty in science: An interview with Alfred Kastler. Impact Sci. Soc., 1970,20:111-123. "Is science today like an organized religion? Do scientists feel they 'know all the answers'? Must scientists come down from their ivory towers? Is there genuinely a 'two cultures' gap? Must scientists bear the responsibility for the applications of their work? These questions, representing some of the current criticisms of science, are among those discussed by this Nobel laurete in physics, who also declares himself on the physico-chemical explanation of the riddle of life; the duties of scientists; counseling governments on science; the importance of a training in philosophy; and the role of humor in science." From the summary. 143

FRIEDRICH, HANNES. Staatliche Verwaltung und Wissenschaft: Die wissenschaftliche Beratung der Politik aus der Sicht der Ministerialburokratie. (Studienreihe des Soziologischen Forschungsinstituts Gottingen.) 480 pp., bibl. Frankfurt am Main: Europaische Verlagsanstalt, 1970. DM 23. 144

FULLER, RICHARD BUCKMINSTER; ERIC A. WALKER: JAMES R. KILLIAN, JR. Approaching the benign environment. Pref. by Taylor Littleton. 160 pp. New York: Collier, 1970. Contents: R. B. Fuller: Education for comprehensivity. E. A. Walker: Engineers and the nation's future. J. R. Killian, Jr.: Toward a working partnership of the sciences and humanities. 145

GASTON, JERRY. The reward system in British science. Am. Soc. Rev., 1970, 35:718-732. 146

GEORGE, FRANK H. Computers, science and society. xi + 101 pp., bibl., index. London: Pemberton, 1970. ?1.50. 147

GEORGE, PULIVELIL M. Problem of value in science and the significance of history and philosophy of science. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:97-115. "The problem of value in science is the question of deciding the place of values in scientific activities. The basic question is, what place, if any, do or should values have in the selection of a problem, analysis of data, interpretation of findings, and the use of findings in science?" 148



24 14. SocialRelations of Science

GLASS, BENTLEY. The timely and the timeless: The inter-relationships of science, education, and society. Foreword by Ward Madden. (John Dewey Society lecture, 1 1.) xi + 99 pp., index. New York: Basic Books, 1970. $4.95. 149

GUICCIARDI, RENE. Grundlagen staatlicher Forschungspolitik. (Staatswissenschaftliche Studien, 61.) 230 pp., illus., bibl. Zurich: Polygraphischer Verlag, 1970. 150

GURNETT-SMITH, A. F. The interface between science and society. Aust. J. Sci., 1969, 32:143-146. 151

HODGES, WAYNE L.; MATTHEW A. KELLY (eds.) Technological change and human development: An international conference, Jerusalem, April 14-18, 1969. Intro. by Theodore W. Kheel. xiv + 388 pp. Ithaca: New York State School of Industrial & Labor Relations, 1970. 152

HOLTON, GERALD. Not in logic alone: Science and new styles of thought. Grad. J. (Univ. Texas), 1967, 7:399422. 153

HOLUB, MIROSLAV. Science in the unity of culture. Impact Sci. Soc., 1970, 20:151-158. "To many people science seems dehumanized and anti-humanistic because its rigorous objectivity demands the sacrifice of the personal, the subjective and the particular. Yet within the disciplining framework of the scientific method, the scientist is no less individual, tentative and imaginative, no less subject to creative exhilaration, than is the artist within the constraints of his own methodology. Nor is science outside of and inimical to humanistic culture; it is an element in the complete web of culture, like the arts leavening lives and enriching the human experience." 154

HUDSON, J. D. Technology and its effects. Tech. Soc., 1970, 6:76-79. The article attempts to summarize in a large table "many of the aspects, possibilities and resultant social and individual effects of some of the major revolutions in modem technology". 155

LAL, SHIVAJI; DAVID DICKSON. Science and social crisis. New Scient., 1970, 46:433-435. "Today ... as a direct result of recent scientific and technological progress, advanced societies find themselves in the initial stages of a developing social crisis which, if left unsolved, could threaten the future of life as we know it. This threat is now seen not merely in the form of a devastating nuclear holocaust, but also, perhaps more sinisterly, in the spectre of a stagnant world no longer able to support basic biological processes, to provide adequate resources for a rapidly increasing population, or even to maintain a stable social environment. The reasons behind this social crisis are multiple and complex. In this article, we can only attempt to unravel some of the main strands, and in doing so hope to point towards the direction in which solutions (if any such solutions exist) could lie." 156

LAPP, RALPH E. Arms beyond doubt: The tyranny of weapons technology. vii + 210 pp., index. New York: Cowles, 1970. 157

LEAF, ALEXANDER. Social consequences of new developments in medicine. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(l):21-22. 158

LONSDALE, KATHLEEN. Women in science: Reminiscences and reflections. Impact Sci. Soc., 1970, 20:45-59. "To begin to answer this question [why there are so few women in sciencel we must look back at least to the beginning of the 19th century. My answers will be based only on the history of those institutions in which I have been particularly interested (mainly British). I shall not attempt anything like a complete survey." Also published in Proc. R. Insln Gt. Br., 1970, 43:295-321. 159

LOVELL, MAURICE. The expanding world: Changes in 20th-century life caused by applied science. [6] + 120 pp., 8 plts., illus., bibl., index. London: Methuen Educational [for] the British Society for International Understanding, 1970. 160

LUMPKIN, MARTIN. Walden I and II: A plea for renewed balance in the psychological pursuit of science. Am. Psychol., 1970, 25:1087-1090. 161

LYONS, GENE M. The uneasy partnership: Social science and the Federal Government in the 20th century. xvi + 394 pp. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1969. $8.50. 162

MAC RAE, DUNCAN, JR. Growth and decay curves in scientific citations. Am. Soc. Rev., 1969, 34:631-635. "In a rapidly advancing scientific discipline, new contributions will supersede older ones. This selection in favor of recent literature should be observable in the distribution of footnote citations in a given discipline, by age of article cited. However, the age distribution of citations also depends -on the rate of growth of the disciplinary literature. The effects of growth of the literature and of selection favoring recent articles can be separated, if certain assumptions hold, by use of an exponential model that expands and claiifies earlier findings by Price. This model provides a reasonably good fit to age-distributions of footnotes in several disciplines, and its application suggests that citations in sociology tend to refer to older articles than those in the natural sciences. A parameter in the model, measuring the degree of selectivity in favor of recent articles, can be estimated and may be useful in comparative studies of the communication systems of various disciplines." From the summary. 163

MARCUSE, HERBERT. Five lectures: Psychoanalysis, politics, and Utopia. Trans. by Jeremy J. Shapiro and Shirley M. Weber. 109 pp. Boston: Beacon, 1970. $7.50. Contents: Freedom and Freud's theory of instincts. Progress and Freud's theory of instincts. The obsolescence of the Freudian concept of man. The end of Utopia. The problem of violence and the radical opposition. 164

MELSEN, ANDREAS GERARDUS VAN. Science and responsibility. Trans. from the author's Dutch MS by Henry J. Koren. (Duquesne studies. Philosophical series, 26.) 172 pp. Pittsburgh: Duquesne Univ. Pr., 1970. $6.95. 165



14. Social Relations of Science 25

MESTHENE, EMMANUEL G. Technological change: Its impact on man and society. (Harvard studies in technology and society.) ix + 127 pp., bibl. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $4.95. 166

MIKULINSKII, S. R.; MIKHAIL G. IAROSHEVSKII. Psychologie des wissenschaftlichen Schaffens und Wissenschaftslehre. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:82-103. Author's abstract. Die Wissenschaftspsychologie wird als ein Gebiet interdisziplinarer Forschungen an der Grenze zwischen Psychologie und allgemeiner Theorie und Geschichte der Wissenschaft erortert und ihr Verhiltnis zu den anderen Richtungen der Wissenschaftsforschung, insbesondere zur Logik der Wissenschaftsentwicklung und zur Wissenschaftssoziologie dargestellt. Dabei heben die Autoren hervor, dafs die Ausarbeitung jeder dieser Disziplinen eine Umgestatlung ihrer Ausgangsbegriffe und -methoden voraussetzt, was der Natur der Wissenschaft als spezifischen Systems und als besonderer sich historisch clltwickelnider Tatigkeitsform entspricht. Als Grundprobleme werden u.a. behandelt: Kreativitat, Motivation und Schaffensdynamik des Wissenschaftlers, das VerhAltnis von Personlichkeit und Kollektiv in der modernen Wissenschaft und das Funktionieren ,,kleiner Gruppen". 167

MULLER, HERBERT J. The children of Frankenstein: A primer on modern technology and human values. xiii + 431 pp., bibl. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. 168

MUMFORD, LEWIS. The myth of the machine: The pentagon of power. 496 pp. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1970. $12.95. An essay review by E. J. Hobsbaum appears in New York Review of Books, 1970, 15(9):12-16. 169

NELSON, CARNOT E.; DONALD K. POLLOCK (eds.) Communication among scientists and engineers. xiii + 346 pp., illus. Lexington, Mass.: Heath Lexington, 1970 170

NITSCHKE, AUGUST. Naturwissenschaftliche Revolutionen und Wandel der Gesellschaftsstruktur. Sudhoffs Arch., 1969, 53:337-361. Surveys the 12th through 19th centuries. 170a

O'DEA, MARJORY. Problems in the administration of science. Aust. Q., 1968, 40(4):76-88. 171

PERL, MARTIN L. The 'New Critics' in American science. New Scient., 1970, 46:63-65. "In the past year, scientists in the United States have begun new efforts to stop the nuclear arms race, control pollution, and change the goals and structures of American science and technology. Deeply embedded in their efforts is a new and critical examination of the political relationships between the scientific community, the universities, and the national government. These scientists, whom I call the 'New Critics' in American science, are students, teachers, and researchers." 172

PIETER, JOZEF. Quelques problemes urgents de la psychologie de la science. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:61-85. 173

POINCARE, HENRI. La valeur de la science. Pref. de Jules Vuillemin. 192 pp., bibl. Paris: Flammarion 1970. F 7.50. 174

POLANYI, MICHAEL. Science and man. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:969-976. "Laplace's view that all matters of our experience can ultimately be explained in terms of physics and chemistry prevails today in science and beyond science. It is the current scientific view of the universe. I hold this view to be false and believe that its baneful influence has caused the cultural and civil destruction of vast regions of Europe and has spread confusion through all countries spared by the revolutions of the 20th century." 175

POLITIQUES SCIENTIFIQUES nationales en Europe. National science policies in Europe. ttat actuel et perspectives. Present situation and future outlook. (Etudes et documents de politique scientifique, 17.) 489 pp. Paris: UNESCO, 1970. 176

PRITCHARD, ALAN. Statistical bibliography: An interim bibliography. 69 pp. London: North-Western Polytechnic, School of Librarianship, 1969. Author's abstract: This report contains a 700 item bibliography of literature on statistical bibliography, arranged in author order. The areas covered are: citation studies, abstract journals studies, direct literature studies with additional relevant material on user surveys, the history and sociology of science and citation structures. The period covered is from 1881-1969. The report should be of interest to persons in the following fields: librarianship/information science, history, sociology and psychology of science, linguistics, statistics etc. 177

RABI, ISIDOR I. Science: The center of culture. (Perspectives in humanism, 6.) xx + 155 pp. New York: World, 1970. $5.50. 178

RADNITZKY, GERARD. Der Praxisbezug der Forschung. Vorstudien zur theoretischen Grundlegung der Wissenschaftspolitik. Studium Generale, 1970,23:817-855. 179

RECHERCHE scientifique et soci6te. Raison Presente, 1970, 15:87-105. A discussion between Francis Bailly, Jean-Pierre Carbonnel and Robert Pages. 180

RUSSO, FRAN?OIS. La science comme action et artifice. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:87-95. 181

SALOMON, JEAN-JACQUES. Histoire de la science et politique de la science. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:51-60. 182

SALOMON, JEAN-JACQUES. Science et politique. 407 pp., bibl., index. Paris: du Seuil, 1970. 183



26 14. Social Relations of Science

SALOMON, JEAN-JACQUES. Science policy and its myths. Diogenes, 1970, 70:1-26. "The destiny of our age is rationalisation, intellectualism, and above all, a disenchantment with the world. The success of science as a technique of forecasting has broken a spell; there is no longer a complete image of the world that can be revealed by rational knowledge. Scientific activity is no royal road to the gods, nor to the essence of the world, nor to the truth of nature lying hidden behind its outward appearances; the spell of mysterious powers to be discovered or invoked has died away with the multiplication and the success of objective, neutral, purely technical instruments for the mastery of natural phenomena. If science robs the world of enchantment, it is because it offers only instrumental answers to the questions we ask of it." 184

SCHOOLER, SEWARD D., JR. Scientists and the executive branch: Scientific inputs in American national policy. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4521-A. Dissertation at Ohio State Univ., 1969. Adviser: James A. Robinson. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6876. 367 pp. $4.70. "The research deals with social and physical scientists' participation and level of influence within the policy formation process of the Executive Branch." 185

SHELTON, WILLIAM R. The Russian scientist today. Russian Rev., 1970,29:25-37. 186

SHEPPARD, N. S[cience] R[esearch] C[ouncil] - policies and procedures. Chemy Br., 1970, 6:374-381. "The SRC is rapidly becoming the largest, if not the only, Government source of research funds. How does it distribute these funds and what are the philosophies underlying actual and potential changes. Professor Sheppard, a past member of the Chemistry Committee, gives his views on selectivity, grant allocation and studentships." From the summary. 187

SIEKEVITZ, PHILIP. Scientific responsibility. Nature, 1970,227:1301-1303. "This personal view of the responsibility of scientists for the consequences of their research is an abridged version of an address given as part of a programme, Responsibility of Scientists in Society, at the annual meeting of the Biophysical Society in Baltimore on February 26 this year." 188

SORM, FRANTI1EK. Science in a socialist society: Notes on the social function of science and on scientific and research policy. 94 pp., bibl. Prague: Academia, 1967. 189

SPAEY, JACQUES. Le developpement par la science. Essai sur l'apparition et l'organisation de la politique scientifique des Etats. Avec la collaboration de Jacques Defay, Jean Ladriere, Alain Stenmans et Jacques Wautrequin. 204 pp., bibl. Paris: UNESCO, 1969. F 18. 190

STEPHANITZ, DIETER VON. Exakte Wissenschaft und Recht. Der Einfluss von Naturwissenschaft und Mathematik auf Rechtsdenken und Rechtswissenschaft in zweieinhold Jahrtausenden. Ein historischer Grundriss. (Miinsterische Beitrage zur Rechts- und Staatswissenschaft, 15.) xii + 273 pp., bibl. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1970. DM 46. 191

STUBY, GERHARD. Disziplinierung der Wissenschaft: Zur Rechtmassigkeit studentischer Kampfmassnahmen. Mit einem kritischen Nachwort von Reiner Geulen. 237 pp. Frankfurt am Main: Europaische Verlagsanstalt, 1970. DM 15. 192

TEMKIN, OWSEI. Historical, reflections on the scientist's virtue. Isis, 1969, 60:427-438. "The scientist's relation to truth is the theme on which I would like to offer some historical variations." 193

TISHLER, MAX. The role of industry in national science policy. The people's welfare: Health and medicine. Perspect. Biol. Med., 1970, 13:528-536. "The strength of the research effort in the United States derives from the breadth of its base. It involves government, academic, and industrial settings. It involves both public and private programs and support. Given its unparalleled record of innovation and productivity, it would be tragic indeed if national policy ... were to permit anyone of the partners to be weakened." 194

U. S. PRESIDENT'S TASK FORCE ON SCIENCE POLICY. Science and technology: Tools for progress. The report of the President's Task Force on Science Policy. vii + 48 pp. Washington: U. S. Govt. Print. Off., 1970. 195

WALLIA, C. S. (ed.) Toward century 21: Technology, society, and human values. xviii + 318 pp., illus. New York: Basic Books, 1970. $8.95. 196

WEINBERG, ALVIN M. In defense of science. Studium Generale, 1970,23:797-807. A defense of science against "scientific muckrakers (mostly journalist)", legislators and administrators, technological critics, and "scientific abolitionists".

197

WUNDERLICH, RICHARD W. Institutional context and the scientific tradition. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4572-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Minnesota, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-5621. 257 pp. $3.35. A study of university and industrial scientists. 198

ZIMAN, JOHN M. Some pathologies of the scientific life. Nature, 1970,227:996-997. "I want to discuss those occasions when the internal social and psychological mechanisms of scientific research break down. Science is a communal activity, directed towards the creation of a rational intellectual consensus. Scientists are in tacit cooperation when they communicate their results to one another, criticize, recognize, refer to, appoint or promote each other. They act in the expectation that their contemporaries will behave according to certain conventions. Any serious breach of these conventions is a pathological symptom, deserving our attention." Also published in Advancement of Science, 1970, 27:7-16. 199

ZUCKERMAN, SOLLY. Beyond the ivory tower: The frontiers of public and private science. xi + 244 pp., plt., illus., index. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970. 50s. 200



14. Social Relations of Science 15. Humanistic Relations of Science 27

ZVORYKIN, ANATOLY A.; E. I. RABINOVICH. Technology and society. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1970, 12:102-126. 201

HS 15. HUMANISTIC RELATIONS OF SCIENCE (general works on science and religion, science and art, science and literature, etc.)

ARMYTAGE, W. H. G. Yesterday's tomorrows: A historical survey of future societies. xi + 288 pp. London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1968. 202

Les ARTS ET LES SCIENCES A l'age de la technologie. Symposium. Proc. Trans. R. Soc. Canada, 1969, 7(2):3-312. Partial contents: Leon Lortie:Grandeur et servitude des arts et des sciences. Maurice Lebel: Le r6le des humanites dans une ere technologique. Louis Appiebaum: Musical creation in an age of technology. Maurice Lamontagne: The scientist and the politician. Louis Dudek: Technology and culture. Wilder Penfield: Science, the arts, and the spirit. Marcel Faribault: La civilisation technologique et le role de l'homme de loi. W. G. Schneider: Science, technology, and the federal government.

203

BECK, STANLEY D. Modern science and Christian life. 157 pp., illus. Minneapolis: Augsburg, 1970. $2.95. 204

BOUTROUX, E1MILE. Science and religion in contemporary philosophy. Trans. by Jonathan Nield. xi + 400 pp. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Pr., 1970. Reprint of the 1909 edition.

205

CAMMERER, JOSEF S. Die glaserne Wand. Essays uber den zwiespalt von Naturwissenschaften und Theologie. 183 pp., illus. Munich: Pfeiffer, 1969. DM 11.80. 206

CANTORE, ENRICO. Science and humanism: The sapiential role of philosophy. Dialectica, 1970, 24:215-241. 207

CARLETON, WILLIAM G. Technology and humanism: Some exploratory essays for our time. With a foreword by Manning J. Dauer. xiv + 300 pp., index. Nashville: Vanderbilt Univ. Pr., 1970. $12.50. 208

CLARESON, THOMAS D. An annotated bibliography of critical writings dealing with science fiction. Extrapolation, 1970,12:35-59. Part of an extensive bibliography.

209

DAVENPORT, WILLIAM H. Resource letter TLA-1 on technology, literature, and art since World War II. Am. J. Phys., 1970,38:407414. "This resource letter lists materials for collateral reading in classes in physics and other sciences as well as in new cross-discipline courses; it also offers professors and students alike an opportunity to see how modern science and technology appear to artists and writers-in other words, to see themselves as others see them." 210

DRAPER, JOHN WILLIAM. History of the conflict between religion and science. xxii + 373 pp., index. Farnborough: Gregg, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1875 edition. 211

ECCLES, JOHN C. Some implications of the Scientiae for the future of mankind. Studium Generale, 1970, 23:917-924. "The present predicament of mankind arises because the great progress of science has necessarily resulted in the destruction of so much of the philosophy whereby man has lived, and there has been no development of a philosophy that is fully consonant with this science in all its implications for man as a self-reflecting being. My efforts . . . will be directed largely to an attempt to re-examine some of the basic philosophical principles that have been developed by man in his efforts to give a rational and coherent account of his origin, of his nature and of the meaning and purpose of life." 212

GILKEY, LANGDON. Religion and the scientific future: Reflections on myth, science and theology. x + 193 pp., index. New York: Harper and Row, 1970. 213

GOLDSMITH, EDWARD. Religion in the light of a general behavioral model. Systematics, 1970, 8:91-100. "I shall attempt to describe in this paper what I consider to be the role of a model in scientific explanation, explain why such a model should be a general behavioral one, and enumerate the principle features of the variables that it will make use of. I shall then try to determine to what extent the concept-word 'religion' satisfies these requirements." 214

GRAU, GERD-GUNTHER. Christlicher Glaube und moderne Naturwissenschaft. Philosophische Rundsch., 1969, 16:1-27. Essay review of Pascual Jordan, Der Naturwissenschaftler vor der religiosen Frage (Hamburg, 1963-1965). 215

HASKINS, CARYL P. The humanities and the natural sciences. Am. Scient., 1970, 58:23-33. "An abiding community of philosophy and aim unites in partnership the fields of humanistic study and the natural sciences."

216

HEISENBERG, WERNER. Gesprache uber das Verhaltnis von Naturwissenschaft und Religion. Phys. Bl., 1970, 26:289-297. 217



28 15. Humanistic Relations of Science

HOWE, GUNTER. Die Christenheit im Atomzeitalter. Vortrage und Studien. Ausgewahlt und mit einem Nachwort versehen von Hermann Timm. Geleitwort von Carl Friedrich von Weizsacker. (Forschungen und Berichte der Evangelischen Studiengemeinschaft im Auftrage des Wissenschaftlichen Kuratoriums, 26.) 372 pp., port. Stuttgart: Klett, 1970. DM 26. Contents: Die Not der evangelischen Predigt. Fragen eines Nichttheologeni an die Briider im Amt (1941). Vdrbemerkun- gen zum Gesprach zwischen Theologie und Physik (1947). Einige Erfahrungen aus dem Gesprach zwischen Theologen und Physikern (1950). Die Atombombe als geistiges Problem (1954). Parallelen zwischen der Theologie Karl Barths und der heutigen Physik (1956). Niels Bohr uber die Religion (1958). Das Gottinger Gesprach zwischen Physikern und Theologen (1958). Gottesglaube im

Atomzeitalter (1959). Die atomare Bewaffnung als geistesgeschichtliches und theologisches Problem (1959). Technik und Freiheit (1961). Die weltanschauliche Bedeutung der modernen Physik (1962). Wissenschaftlicher Fortschritt als Frage der Ethik (1966). Kirche und Atomfrage (1967). Predigt Genesis 12, 1-3 (1967). Kriegsverhuitung und Friedensstrukturen. Eine Studie iiber den Vertrag zur Nichtverbrietung von Kernwaffen (1968). 218

JENNINGS, EDWARD M. (ed.) Science and literature: New lenses for criticism. xi + 262 pp. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970. $1.95 (paper). A collection of previously published essays. 219

LASKOWSKI, WOLFGANG (ed.) Geisteswissenschaft und Naturwissenschaft, ihre Bedeutung fuir den Menschen von heute. 193 pp. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1970. DM 12.80. Contents: Diethelm Michel: Orientierungsversuche des Menschen in fruhgeschichtlicher Zeit. Johannes Fliugge: Aufstieg und Problematik des neuhumanistischen Bildungsideals. Walther Gerlach: Entstehung und Entwicklung der modernen Naturwissenschaften. Robert Jungk: Der Einbruch der Naturwissenschaft und Technik in unser heutiges Leben. Klaus Schaller: Das Menschenbild des Gcisteswvissenschaftlers. Wolfgang Laskowski: Das Menschenbild des Naturwissenschaftlers. 220

LEY, HERMANN. Technik und Weltanschauung. Einige philosophische Konsequenzen der wissenschaftlich-technischen Revolution. 131 pp. Leipzig: Urania, 1969. DM 3.80. 221

LONSDALE, KATHLEEN. Science, religion, and the student. 15 pp. London: Friends Home Service Committee, 1970. 222

MANSAT, ANDRE (ed.) Man and science: Readings from novelists, philosophers and scientists (1875- 1960). Selected and ed. by Andre Mansat. 102 + 48 pp. Paris: Didier, 1967. 223

MULLER-MARKUS, SIEGFRIED. Wo die Welt nochmal beginnt. Moderne Physik und die Moglichkeit des Glaubens. 336 pp. Olten: Walter, 1970. DM 22. 224

ROSNER, STANLEY; LAWRENCE E. ABT. The creative experience. xii + 399 pp., ports., bibl. New York: Grossman, 1970. $13.95. Pp. 3-153 are devoted to "The scientists" and present interviews with Froelich G. Rainey, Harlow Shapley, H. Bentley Glass, David Krech, Noam Chomsky, Morris Kline, Wilder Penfield, Paul Saltman, and Arthur Koestler. 225

SCOTT, WILLIAM T. A bridge from science to religion based on Polanyi's theory of knowledge. Zygon, 1970,5:41-62. 226

SEABORG, GLENN T. The expanding role of the atom in the humanities. Physics Teacher, 1970, 8:422-431. "In this article, I want to treat part of the field of applied physics that should have much relevance for the non- scientist: The application of nuclear measurement techniques to the humanities. The humanities are defined loosely as those branches of learning that are considered to have a cultural character, and thus they encompasss a large part of human endeavor. More pragmatically, the humanities are often thought of as the antithesis of science and engineering. Taking the latter sense to some extent, this article will demonstrate that a bond of enlightened usefulness exists between the two broad categories of learning." Also a memorial to Dr. Paul C. Aebersold is included exemplifying "how a physicist can influence the course of humanity in a most beneficial way". 227

SELLARS, ROY WOOD. A possible integration of science and philosophy. Zygon, 1969, 4: 293-297. 228

SINHA, A. K. Telic foundation of nature and human organization. Systematics, 1970, 8:130-146. Argues that teleological concerns are common to all scientific systems that study nature. 229

SMITH, CYRIL STANLEY. Art, technology, and science: Notes on their historical interaction. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:493-549. "It is misleading to divide human actions into 'art', 'science', or 'technology', for the artist has something of the scientist in him, and the engineer of both, and the very meaning of these terms varies with time so that analysis can easily degenerate into semantics. Nevertheless, one man may be mainly motivated by a desire to promote utility, while others may seek intellectual understanding or aesthetic experience. The study of interplay among these is not only interesting but is necessary for suggesting routes out of our present social confusions." 230

WADDINGTON, CONRAD H. Behind appearance: A study of the relations between painting and the natural sciences in this century. x + 256 pp., illus., plts., bibl. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Pr.; Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1969. ?9. An essay review of this work, by Gerald L. Wick and Marsha J. Wick, appears in New Scientist, 1970, 45:512-514. 231



20. Philosophy 21. Mathematics 29

C. HISTORIES OF THE SPECIAL SCIENCES

HS 20. PHILOSOPHY (general works on the history of philosophy and traditional logic, but not works dealing with the philosophy of science ingeneral-seeHS 10-or with philosophy in one of the chronological periods)

HADOT, PIERRE. L'apport du nSoplatonisme a la philosophie de la nature en Occident. Eranos Jahrb., 1968 (pub. 1970), 37:91-132. "I1 m'a semble que, pour cela, la meilleure m6thode consisterait a degager les schemes fondamentaux et fondateurs de la philosophie de la nature au moment le plus privilegie de son histoire, je veux dire a l'6poque de Goethe et de Schelling, 'a montrer ensuite la permanence et 1'evolution de ces schemes depuis le d6but du xixe siecle jusqu'A 1'epoque contemporaine, puis a les replacer dans une perspective plus vaste, celle de la tradition n6oplatonicienne, consideree en son fondateur, Plotin. Ainsi la continuite de la tradition appraftrait d'une maniare plus forte." 232

MAURACH, GREGOR. Coelum empyreum. Versuch einer Begriffsgeschichte. (Boethius, 8.) viii + 102 pp. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1968. 233

WHITROW, GERALD J. Reflections on the history of the concept of time. Studium Generale, 1970, 23:498-508. "The central feature of our current mode of thought about the physical universe and human society is the idea of time as linear advancement without cyclical repetition. We tend to regard this idea as intuitively obvious and a necessity of thought, but a general survey of the historical evidence reveals that this is not the case." From the summary. 234

HS 21. MATHEMATICS (works on pure and applied mathematics, including mathematical logic and statistics)

BADIOU, ALAIN. Le concept de modele. Introduction a une epistemologie materialiste des math6matiques. (Cours de philosophie pour scientifiques, 4.) 95 pp., bibl. Paris: Maspero, 1969. F 5. 235

BECKMANN, PETR. A history of ir. 190 pp., illus., facsims., ports., bibl. Boulder, Colo.: Golem Pr., 1970. $6.30. 236

BIDWELL, JAMES KING; ROBERT G. CLASON. Readings in the history of mathematics education. xiii + 706 pp. Washington, D. C.: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1970. A book of source readings, with commentary, arranged in four sections: 1) Beginnings of the art of teaching mathematics (1828-1890). 2) Emergence of national organizations as a force in mathematics education, (1891- 1919). 3) The "1923 Report" and connectionism in arithmetic, (1920-1937). 4) Prewar and postwar reforms (1938-1959). 237

BOURBAKI, NICOLAS. tilments d'histoire des mathematiques. 2e ed. revue, corrigte, augmentee. (Histoire de la pens6e, 4.) 326 pp., bibl. Paris: Hermann, 1969. F 36. The first edition (1960) failed to include an index; and the bare name index now included is scarcely adequate for a scholarly work with stress on ideas. The text of the original edition, written with great care, remains almost intact in the new version, except for a few points required to bring it up to date. There are, however, three new chapters: a brief one on "Metric spaces" (pp. 205-206), a substantial one on "Commutative algebra. Theory of algebraic numbers" (pp. 120-148), and a concluding chapter (pp. 289-295) on "Haar measure. Convolution". C. BOYER. 238

BROM, LOURENS VAN DEN. Woher stammt das 60-System? Janus, 1969, 56:210-214. "Das sexagesimale System hat seinen Ursprung in dem Zahlen auf den Fingern." 239

BRUINS, EVERT M. On the number of regular numbers. Janus, 1969,56:228-240. 240

BUTLER, CHRISTOPHER. Number symbolism. xiii + 186 pp., bibl., index. London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1970. ?2 5s. A history of numerological allegory from antiquity. 241

BYHAM, FREDERICH C. Indirect proof in geometry from Euclid to the present. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:2899-A. Dissertation at Ohio State Univ., 1969. Adviser: Nathan Lazar. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-22104. 229 pp. $3. Primarily a study of geometry texts published since 1955.

242

COUMET, ERNEST. La thdorie du hasard est-elle n6e par hasard? Annls tcon. Soc. Civ., 1970, 2S: 574-598. 243



30 21. Mathematics 22. Physical Sciences: Astronomy

EISENHART, CHURCHILL. Anniversaries in 1970 of interest to statisticians. Am. Statist., 1970, 24(1):25-28. Brief recognition is given to bicentennials of the death of James Stirling (1692-1770) and birth of Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler (1770-1843); to sesquicentennials of the publication of the 3rd definitive edition of Laplace's Th6orie analytique des probabilites, and of the births of William Chauvenet (1820-1870) and Isaac Todhunter (1820-1884); to centennials of the births of Louis Bachelier (1870-1946) and Jean Perrin (1870-1942); and to the semicentennial of the initial publication (1920) of Metron, an International Review of Statistics. 244

EVES, HOWARD W. In mathematical circles: A selection of mathematical stories and anecdotes. 2 vols.; xvii + 136 pp.; xi + 145 pp. Boston: Prindle, Weber & Schmidt, 1969. List $15.; prepaid, $10. A collection of 360 items culled largely from the author's An introduction to the history of mathematics and from the "Historically speaking" section of The Mathematics Teacher. 245

GARDNER, MARTIN. The abacus: Primitive but effective digital computer. Scient. Am., 1970, 222(1): 124-127. A brief etymological and historical survey. 246

GERICKE, HELMUTH. Geschichte des Zahlbegriffs. 163 pp., bibl., index. Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut, 1970. DM 8.90 (paper). 247

GRATTAN-GUINNESS, IVOR. The development of the foundations of mathematical analysis from Euler to Riemann. xiv + 186 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $10. 248

GRIDGEM AN, NORMAN T. Quadrarcs, St. Peter's, and the Colosseum. Maths Teacher, 1970, 63:209-215. An attractive note on certain ovals and their association with the history of architecture. 249

HALL, TORD. Matematikens utveckling. (The development of mathematics.) 138 pp., bibl. Lund: Gleerup, 1970. Skr 18.25. 250

KRAMER, EDNA E. The nature and growth of modern mathematics. xxiv + 758 pp., illus., bibl. New York: Hawthorn, 1970. $24.95. This is virtually a one-volume encyclopedia of mathematics in an historical setting. It opens with Babylonianmathematics and closes with Bourbaki and contemporary mathematicians; but the arrangement, stressing mathematical ideas, is not chronological. C. BOYER. 251

LANCZOS, CORNELIUS. Space through the ages: The evolution of geometrical ideas from Pythagoras to Hlbert and Einstein. x + 320 pp., illus. New York: Academic Pr., 1970. $11.50. 252

MANNING, KENNETH R. A history of extraneous solutions. Maths Teacher, 1970, 63:165-175. A survey of solutions of fractional and radical algebraic equations from Saunderson's Elements of algebra (1740) to Fisher and Schwatt's Text-book of algebra (1898). 253

NICOD, JEAN. Geometry and induction, containing Geometry in the sensible world and The logical problem of induction. With prefaces by Roy Harrod, Bertrand Russell, and Andrd Lalande. [New trans. by John Bell & Michael Woods.] xx + 245 pp., illus. Berkeley: Univ. California Pr., 1970. $6.95. 254

SCRIBA, CHRISTOPH J. Zur Entwicklung der additiven Zahlentheorie von Fermat bis Jacobi. Jber. Dt. MatVerein., 1970, 72:122-142. Discusses mainly the work of Pierre Fermat, Leonhard Euler, and Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi. 255

SELESHNIKOV, SEMEN I. Istoriia kalendaria i khronologia. Pod red. P. G. Kulikovskogo. (History of calendars and chronologies.) 223 pp., illus., bibl. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 256

SHIMODAIRA, KAZUO. Activities of the History of Mathematics Society of Japan (Nihon Sugakushi Gakkai). Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci, 1969, 8:1-7. 257

STRUBECKER, KARL. Hauptzuge der Entwicklung der Mathematik. Naturw. Rdsch., 1970, 23:89-93. 258

HS 22. PHYSICAL SCIENCES (astronomy, physics, chemistry)

a. Astronomy (for works mainly astrological see HS 28)

ASHBROOK, JOSEPH. Names on the back of the moon. Sky Telesc., 1970, 40: 262-266. Includes the names, dates, and areas of prominence of the 128 American scientists for whom craters on the back side of the moon were named. 259

AUFGEBAUER, P. Die Gregorianische Kalenderreform im Urteil zeitgenossischer Astronomen. Steme, 1969, 4S: I 1 8-1 20. 260



22. Physical Sciences: Astronomy 31

AUJAC, GERMAINE. La spheropee, ou la mecanique au service de la d6couverte du monde. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970,23:93-107. "La spheropee est en effect, par definition, une branch de la mecanique 'destinee a imiter le mouvement circulaire des corps c6lestes' . . . Precision de l'observationqui permettait de construire un modele rdduit aussi proche que possible du reel, puis recours E la theorie et a l'analyse geometrique, telles ont dteles deux demarches qui, par l'intermediaire de la sphdropee, ont permis aux Grecs de jeter les bases de l'astronomie comme de la geographie modernes." 261

BEDINI, SILVIO; WERNHER VON BRAUN; FRED L. WHIPPLE. Moon: Man's greatest adventure. Ed. by Davis Thomas. 267 pp., illus., plts. New York: Abrams, 1970. $37.50. A lavishly illustrated history, for the layman, of man's ideas about and conquest of the moon. 262

BlOT, JEAN BAPTISTE. EJtudes sur l'astronomie indienne et sur l'astronomie chinoise. lii + 399 pp. Paris: Blanchard, 1969. F 25. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1862 edition. 263

CHARON, JEAN E. La conception de l'univers depuis 25 sidcles. (L'univers des connaissances, 54.) .252 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Paris: Hachette, 1970. F 14.50. 264

COLLINDER, PER. Swedish astronomers, 1477- 1900. (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, C: Organisation och Historia, 19.) 73 pp., illus., bibl., index. Uppsala: Almquist & Wiksells, 1970. Skr 15. 265

COUSINS, FRANK W. Sundials: The art and science of gnomics. With illus. by Malcolm Chandler. 247 pp., illus., bibl. New York: Pica Pr., 1969. $18.50. 266

DICK, JULIUS. Astronomie in Stein. Steme, 1970, 46:149-157. Illustrated article concerning stone astronomical instruments and markers. 267

FERRARI D'OCCHIEPPO, KONRADIN. Der Stern der Weisen. Geschichte oder Legende? 135 pp., illus., bibl. Vienna: Herold, 1969. Os 116. 268

FORBES, ERIC G. Index of the Board of Longitude papers at the Royal Greenwich Observatory, Part I. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:169-179. "The primary source of information about the varied activities of one of the most important organs for the advancement of 18th-century science has come to be available in an accessible form to contemporary historians. The index was prepared ... to facilitate reference both to the original papers themselves and to their microfilm copies ... [which] can be obtained on application to the P[ublic] R[ecord] O[ffice]." 269

GARDNER, MARTIN. Some mathematical curiosities embedded in the solar system. Scient. Am., 1970, 222(4):108-1 12. Some of the historical "curiosities" included are the argument over the rotation of the moon, Kepler's nested polyhedrons, and Bode's Law. 270

GENESLAY, E. H. L'astronomie a travers les siecles, IX: Les de verre des astronomes, A-L'oeil a l'oculaire; B-La plague photographique. X: Quand la lune passd devant le soleil. Astronomie, 1969, 83:381-398; 1970, 84:153-175, 375-389. 271

GINGERICH, OWEN. The satellites of Mars: Prediction and discovery. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:109-115. Discusses the predictions of Martian satellites by Kepler and Jonathan Swift, and their actual discovery by Asaph Hall in 1877. 272

HOWSE, DEREK. Restoration at Greenwich Observatory. Sky Telesc., 1970, 40:4-9. "Today the old buildings which bestride the world's prime meridian have been restored as far as possible to their state during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, with many instruments and clocks restored to their working positions." 273

HOWSE, DEREK. The story of Greenwich time. Br. Astr. Ass., 1970, 80:208-211. 274

JAMES, E. 0. Creation and cosmology: A historical and comparative inquiry. (Studies in the history of religions, 16.) xii + 148 pp., bibl., index. Leiden: Brill, 1969. 275

JOHNS, GERALD. Astronomical literature in the Ernst Zinner Collection, San Diego State College Library. A checklist. v + 67 pp., illus., index. San Diego: San Diego State College, Friends of the Library, 1969. 276

LATTIN, HARRIET PRATT. Star performance. xiii + 238 pp., illus., bibl. Philadelphia: Whitmore, 1969. $4.95. A critical review by D. J. Warner of this "history of demonstrational astronomy" can be found in Technology and Culture, 1970, 11:449. 277

NEWTON, ROBERT R. Ancient astronomical observations and the acceleration of the earth and moon. xvii + 309 pp., illus. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Pr., 1970. $10. 278



32 22. Physical Sciences: Astronomy, Physics

NORTHCOTT, RUTH J. (ed) Astronomy in Canada: Yesterday, today and tomorrow. J. R. Astr. Soc. Can., 1967, 61:211-338. A special issue. Contents: K. 0. Wright: Astronomy in Canada. Ruth J. Northcott: The growth of the R. A. S. C. and its guiding mentor, C. A. Chant. Malcolm M. Thomson: Astronomy of time and position. Alan H. Batten: Of stars and the galaxy. John F. Heard, Helen Sawyer Hogg: Astronomy at the David Dunlap Observatosy, 1937-1967. PeterM. Millman, D. W. R. McKinley: Stars fell over Canada. A. E. Covington: The development of solar microwave radio astronomy in Canada. J. L. Locke: Recent developments of radio astronomy in Canada. 279

ROHR, RENE R. J. Sundials: History, theory, and practice. x + 142 pp., illus., bibl., index. Toronto: Univ. Toronto Pr., 1970. $20. 280

SINGH, JAGJIT. Modern cosmology. Revised edition. 416 pp., 12 plts., index. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970. 12s. The 1961 edition was published under the title: Great ideas and theories of modern cosmology. 281

THOREN, VICTOR E. Theses and dissertations on the history of astronomy. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:167-168. Lists 26 American dissertations from 1917 to 1969. 282

TYNER, JUDITH ZINK. Early lunar cartography. Surv. Mapp., 1969, 29:583-596. 283

WAERDEN, BARTEL LEENDERT VAN DER. Berichtigung zu meiner Arbeit "Vergleich der mittleren Bewegungen in der babylonischen, griechischen und indischen Astronomie" (Centaurus 11, p. 1-18). Centaurus, 1970, 15:21-25. 284

WAERDEN, BARTEL LEENDERT VAN DER. Das heliozentrische System in der griechischen, persischen und indischen Astronomie. (Neujahrsblatt, hrsg. von der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Ziirich auf das Jahr 1970, 172.) 55 pp., illus., bibl. Zurich: Kommissionsverlag Leemann, 1970. 285

b. Physics

APOLIN, A. Die Geschichte der Gravitation. Philosophia Nat., 1970,12:156-172. 286

BACKE, HANS. Der Mathematisch-Physikalische Salon im Dresdner zwinger. Erinnerungen an ferne und nahe Vergangenheit. Phys. Bl., 1970, 26:109-119. 287

BECHERER, GERHARD. Die Geschichte der Entwicklung des Physikalischen Instituts der Universitat Rostock. Mss. Z. Univ. Rostock, Math.-Natur. Reihe, 1967,16:827-837. 288

BRAGG, LAWRENCE. Ideas and discoveries in physics. 64 pp., illus., ports. Harlow: Longmans, 1970. 289

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. Interatomic forces and gas theory from Newton to Lennard-Jones. Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 1970,39:1-29. 290

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. Report of the International Working Seminar on the role of the history of physics in physics education. Physics Teacher, 1970, 8:508-510. "During the week of 13-17 July 1970, 32 persons from 12 countries, including physicists, physics teachers in universities and secondary schools, and historians of science met at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in a seminar held under the auspices of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) Commission on Physics Education. The participants in the seminar shared a serious interest in the use of historicalviewpoints and materials in the teaching of physics. Their purpose, therefore, was not to convince anyone that history should be used in physics teaching, but rather to explore and promote concrete methods for doing so."

291

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. The role of history in the teaching of physics. Physics Teacher, 1969, 7:271-280. 292

BUCHEL, WOLFGANG. 3?K-Strahlung, Tachyonen und Relativitatstheorie: tber Symmetrie und Asymmetrie in der Natur. Philosophia Nat., 1970, 12:51-69. 293

BUNGE, MARIO. The physicist and philosophy. Z. Allg. Wissenschaftstheorie, 1970, 1:196-208. "The central thesis of this paper is that physicists have as much to learn from scientifically oriented philosophy as philosophers have to learn from physics." 294

CANTORE, ENRICO. Atomic order: An introduction to the philosophy of microphysics. xi + 334 pp., illus., bibl. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1969. 295

DEL-NEGRO, WALTER VON. Konvergenzen in der Gegenwartsphilosophie und die moderne Physik. (Erfahrung und Denken, 33.) 166 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: Duncker & Hiimblot, 1970. DM 29.60. 296



22. Physical Sciences: Physics 33

DEVONS, SAMUEL; LILLIAN HARTMANN. A history-of-physics laboratory. Physics Today, 1970, 23(2):4449. "During the past few years we have been developing at Columbia and Bamard Colleges a somewhat unorthodox vehicle for teaching physics, a combination laboratory and library designated a History of Physics laboratory. In it some of the experiments that have played a major role in the development of physics, for example those of James Joule, Heinrich Hertz, Michael Faraday and Charles Coulomb, are being reconstructed with proper attention to their significant historical features. The methods and materials used in these experiments are essentially those used originally. We want to provide students with an opportunity to repeat these experiments and to appreciate the significance of each in its own historical context." 297

DUHRING, EUGEN. Kritische Geschichte der allgemeinen Principien der Mechanik . . . Dritte, wiederum erweiterte und theilweise umgearbeitete Auflage. xxviii + 610 pp. Wiesbaden: Sandig, 1970. DM 69. Facsimile reprint of the 1887 edition. 298

FREUDENTHAL, HANS. What about foundations of physics. Synthese, 1970,21:93-106. " 'Foundations of physics' in the title of this paper means both a field of research and Mario Bunge's book [Foundations of physics, New York, 1967] which has been recently discussed by M. Strauss ['Corrections to Bunge's Foundations of physics (1967)', Synthese, 1969, 19:433442] and the author himself [M. Bunge, 'Corrections to Foundations.of physics: Correct and incorrect', Synthese, 1969, 19:443452.1 . There can be little doubt about Strauss' being right on virtually all counts, and about Bunge's making things worse by his reaction ... With regard to the discussion between Strauss and Bunge, I shall only examine two stumbling blocks (4. Transformation properties, 5. SR-CEM relation). However, before I can do this, I have to turn many more blocks to see what is underneath. This means a more fundamental criticism of Bunge's work, and independently of this discussion, a look into the foundations of physics." 299

GOLDSTEIN, SIGNE BARBARA B. The concept and the significance of the model in physics. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4491-A. Dissertation at Columbia Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6979. 176 pp. $3. 300

GORAN, MORRIS H. The proxy parents of pioneer physical scientists. Isis, 1969, 60:545-546. Concerning the large number of scientists who have lost a parent early in life. 301

HAUSSLING, ANSGAR. Die Reichweite der Physik. Zur Ontologie von Natur und Zeit. (Monographien zur Naturphilosophie, 9.) xiv + 173 pp. Meisenheirn am Glan: Hain, 1969. DM 24. 302

HEISENBERG, WERNER. Natural law and the structure of matter. English version by the author. 45 pp. London: Rebel Pr., 1970. 18s. 303

HELLER, BRUNO. Grundbegriff der Physik im Wandel der Zeit. 211 pp., illus., bibl. Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1970. DM 19.80. 304

HOLLIDAY, LESLIE. Early views on forces between atomns. Scient. Am., 1970, 222(5):116-122. 305

HOLTON, GERALD. [Harvard] Project Physics: A report on its aims and current status. Physics Teacher, 1967,5:198-211. Lead article in a special issue devoted to the progress of Harvard Project Physics. The other articles include: Fletcher G. Watson: Why do we need more physics courses? F. James Rutherford: Flexibility and variety in physics. John Harris: The laboratory in Project Physics. Stephen S. Winter, Wayne W. Welch: Achievement testing program of Project Physics. 306

HOLTON, GERALD. The relevance of physics. Physics Today, 1970, 23(1 1):40-47. "What reasons are there for thinking physics to be of basic importance? What is the present relevance of science? There are at least five parts to a complete answer. I want to sketch these here, in a frankly didactic manner, in a way that might make sense to an earnest, beginning student. (He will also see some worrisome aspects of the present state of science, but it is not my purpose to rehearse those here.) That questions about 'relevance' have in the last few years become almost cliches does not change the need to be clear about the subject; we shall attack it head on." 307

KELBG, GLCNTER; WOLF DIETRICH KRAEFT. Die Entwicklung der theoretischen Physik in Rostock. Wiss. Z. Univ. Rostock, Math.-Natur. Reihe, 1967, 16: 839-847. 308

KRAFFT, FRITZ. Sphaera activitatis-orbis virtutis. Das Entstehen der Vorstellung von Zentralkraften. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:1 13-140. "This paper does not deal with the development of the conception of physical force or power itself but treats the suppositions for the conception of a physical force taking effect at a distance, i.e. of the sphere of action (orbis virtutis). Two currents of thought contributed to that end: First, the theological and philosophical idea of sphaera activitatis, and secondly, the theory of magnetism." From the English summary. Special attention is given to Robert Norman, Giambattista Porta, William Gilbert, and Johannes Kepler. 309

KUZNETSOV, BORIS GRIGOR'EVICH. Von Galilei bis Einstein. Entwicklung der physikalischen Ideen. (Wissenschaftstheorie, Wissenschaft und Philosophie, 5.) 391 pp. Basel: Winter; Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1970. DM 38. 310

MACLEAN, J. De kleurenleer van de aanhangers der corpusculairtheorie. (Color theory in the adherents of the corpuscular theory.) Scientiarum Hist., 1970, 12:1-22. 311

PIETSCHMANN, HERBERT. Moderne Physik und Naturphilosophie. Philosophia Nat., 1970, 12:80-86. 312



34 22. Physical Sciences: Physics, Chemistry

PIRENNE, M. H. Optics, painting and photography. xxiv + 199 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. Contains historical material on theories of vision and perspective. 313

RONCHI, VASCO. The nature of light: An historical survey. Trans. by V. Barocas. xii + 288 pp., 53 plts., illus., ports., index. London: Heinemann, 1970. ?6. 314

SCHLUNDER, E. V. Die wissenschaftliche Theorie der Warmeubertragung (geschichtliche Entwicklung und heutiger Stand). Chemie Ingr. Tech., 1970, 42:905-910. "All phenomena of heat transfer by mutual contact of solids and between solids and media in laminar flow can be traced back to the three fundamental laws of classical physics, i.e., the laws of conservation of mass, of momentum, and of energy. Greater attention was subsequently devoted to the phenomena encountered with gases and fluids in turbulent flow. Such studies have now become a relatively small partial problem of the phenomenological whole. Chemical engineering in particular posed new problems concerned with the mechanism of turbulent transport processes." From the English summary. 315

TURNER, GERARD L'E. The history of optical instruments: A brief survey of soulrces and modern studies.Hist. Sci., 1970,8'53-93. "This survey is intended to complement, and be used in conjunction with that published in this journal in 1963 [2:17-501 ... I have, therefore, followed the scheme Maddison laid down, and some of his introductory remarks apply equally to my survey ... It would be advisable for readers to acquaint themselves with Maddison's survey if they wish to obtain a more general coverage of the literature." The bibliography contains about 360 entries. 316

WALKER, CHARLES T. Who named the -ons? Am. J. Phys., 1970,38:1380-1389. "Many entities in physics have both particlelike and wavelike properties. In representing the particlelike properties physicists usually use words ending in -on. The originators of the name are discussed for the following 'particles': boson, electron, exciton, fermion, magnon, neutron, phonon, photon, plasmon, polariton, polaron, proton, and roton." From the summary. 317

YOURGRAU, WOLFGANG; ALLEN D. BRECK (eds.) Physics, logic, and history. Based on the First International Colloquium held at the University of Denver, May 16-20, 1966. xiv + 336 pp., index. New York: Plenum, 1970. Contents: Sir Karl Popper: A realist view of logic, physics, and history. Andre& Mercier: Knowledge and physical reality. Herman Tennessen: The science of history and notions of personality. Hskan Tomebohm: The growth of a theoretical model: A simple case study. Willard Van Orman Quine: Existence. Dmitri D. Ivanenko: The problems of unifying cosmology with microphysics. Julian Victor Langmead Casserley: The evolution of evolution. Arne Naess: Plea for pluralism in philosophy and physics. Jaakko Hintikka: On semantic information. Czesraw Lejewski: Quantification and ontological commitment. Jean-Pierre Vigier: Possible internal subquantum motions of elementary particles. George Gamow: The three kings of physics. Richard H. Popkin: Scepticism and the study of history. Robert S. Cohen: Causation in history. Hans-Jiurgen Treder: Relativity theory and historicity of physical systems. Hermann Bondi: General relativity as an open theory. David Kaplan: What is Russell's theory of descriptions? Alfred Lande: The non-quantal foundations of quantum mechanics. Gydrgy Rdnki: Some problems of the connection between technical development and economic history. Hermann Bondi: Is science human? 318

c. Chemistry

BERTHELOT, MARCELLIN PIERRE EUGENE. Die Chemie im Altertum und im Mittelalter. Aus dem Franzosischen ubertragen von Emma Kalliwoda. Durchgegeschen, eingeleitet und mit Anmerkungen von Franz Strunz. Mit einem Vorwort von Rudolf Schmitz. xxviii + 112 pp., illus. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Leipzig 1909 edition. 319

BYKOV, GEORGII VLADIMIROVICH. Myslennyi eksperiment v istorii khmnii. (The mental experiment in the history of chemistry.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:19-24. 320

DAGOGNET, FRANSOIS. Tableaux et langages de la chimie. 203 pp., illus. Paris: du Seuil, 1969. F 30. An essay review by Rene Boirel appears in tiudes Philosophique, 1970:81-84. 321

FIGUROVSKII, NIKOLAI A. Otkrytne khimicheskikh elementov i proiskhozhdenie, ikh nazvanii. (The discovery of chemical elements and the origin of their names.) 207 pp., bibl. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 322

GARARD, IRA D. Invitation to chemistry: An informal history of man and science. 420 pp., bibl., index. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1969. $7.95; $1.95 (paper). 323

HEALD, P. J. Biochemistry: Its origins and early development. Philosophical J., 1970, 7: 78-87. A brief survey of early biochemical work in chemistry, agriculture, and medicine from the 8th through 19th centuries. 324

LIEBEN, FRITZ. Geschichte der physiologischen Chemie. Mit einem Vorwort von Edith Heischkel-Artelt. vii + x + 743 pp., index. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Leipzig 1935 edition, with a new introduction. 325

LIPPERT, WALTER. Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. Chemiker Zeitung, 1970, 94:47-53. "With its scope of already 70,000 printed pages, the 8th edition of Gmelin's Handbook of inorganic chemistry, which is expected to be completed by 1975, is the only comprehensive scientific manual on inorganic chemistry and related fields which is based on extensive and critical study of the original publications. In a short review the 150-years history of the handbook, its special intentions as compared with scientific periodicals and other referring organs, its structure ('Gmelin-Principle of the last position') as well as the present state of production and future projects are described." From the English summary. 326



22. Physical Sciences: Chemistry 23. Earth Sciences: Geology 35

OIWA, MASAYOSHI. On the term "kagaku" for chemistry. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:170. 327

SCHNEER, CECIL J. Mind and matter: Man's changing concepts of the material world. xiv + 305 pp., illus., bibl. New York: Grove Pr., 1970. $8.50. 328

TAMAMUSHI, BUN-ICHI. Teaching the history of chemistry in Japan. Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:9-16. 329

TANAKA, MINORU. Chemical and physical models for atomistic notion-Its conceptual development in relation to the evolution of the concept of chemical substance. A contribution to the history of atomism (IV). Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:125-143. 330

THACKRAY, ARNOLD W. Atoms and powers: An essay on Newtonian matter-theory and the development of chemistry. (Harvard monographs in the history of science.) xxiii + 326 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $12. 331

HS 23. EARTH SCIENCES (geology and geophysics; geography, cartography and geodesy; oceanography; travel, exploration and navigation; paleontology; mineralogy and crystallography; meteorology)

a. Geology and geophysics

CAROZZI, ALBERT V. A propos de l'origine de la theorie des derives continentales: Francis Bacon (1620), Frangois Placet (1668), A. von Humboldt (1801) et A[ntonio] Snider [-Pellegrini] (1858). Comp. Rend. Seances Soc. Phys. Hist. Natur. Gen&ve, 1969, 4:171-179. 332

CAROZZI, ALBERT V. New historical data on the origin of the theory of continental drift. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 1970, 81:283-286. "Examination of the original texts of Francis Bacon's Novum Organum (1620) and of Franqois Placet's La corruption du grand et petit monde (1668) shows that, contrary to common belief, these two authors should not be considered as forerunners of the theory of continental drift; this conclusion also applies to A. von Humboldt (1801). A. Snider, in La creation et ses mysteres devoiles (1858), is the first naturalist who has unequivocally postulated and illustrated a juxtaposition and drifting of the continents as Taylor and Wegener did in the 20th century." 333

CLOUD, PRESTON E. (ed.) Adventures in earth history: Being a volume of significant writings from original sources, on cosmology, geology, climatology, oceanography, organic evolution, and related topics of interest to students of earth history, from the time of Nicolaus Steno to the present. Selected, ed. and with intro. by Preston Cloud. xv + 992 pp., illus., maps, bibl. San Francisco: Freeman, 1970. $17.50. 334

FEDOSEEV, IVAN A. Nachal'nyi period nauki ob ozerakh. (The initial period of the science of lakes.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28: 34-39. 335

GOHAU, GABRIEL. Aux commencements de le geologie. Raison Presente, 1969, 11:27-40. 336

GOULD, STEPHEN JAY. History versus prophecy: Discussion with J. W. Harrington. Am. J. Sci., 1970, 268:187-191. Gould criticizes two articles of Harrington's ("The first, first principles of geology", Am. J. Sci., 265:449-46 1; and "The prenatal roots of geology; a study in the history of ideas", Am. J. Sci., 26 7:592-597) as representing an "approach to history that scans the past for gems of foreshadowed modern truth, for prophecies in the Christian sense . . ." and therefore shows the past as "a repository for error punctuated here and there with insights judged as brilliant because they seem true in today's world". Harrington replies in defense that his "purpose has been to examine some of the things the ancients wrote and then try to reason out what they must have known in order to be able to make these statements".

337

HARRINGTON, JOHN W. Ontology of geologic reasoning with a rationale for evaluating historical contributions. Am. J. Sci., 1970, 269:295-303. "This paper contains a rationale and methodology by which isolated geological writings from any period may be evaluated as historically significant benchmarks of scientific understanding. The prima facie case on which the rationale rests is that there is a singular state of nature toward which all estimates of reality converge. The evaluation is a measure of the degree of correspondence between historical treatment of data and conclusions with those of our own times. Justification for using modem standards instead of those of ancient cultures is based on the nature of revolutionary scientific thought. A breakthrough is made as a de facto genius steps out of the limitations of his own times and conceives ideas that are destined to become the norms of the future . . 338

KHOMIZURI, G. P. Rasprostranenie v Rossii ucheniia o geosinklinaliakh. (The advance of the geo-synclinal doctrine in Russia.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:31-34. 339



36 23. Earth Sciences: Geology, Geography

RUPKE, N. A. Continental drift before 1900. Nature, 1970,227:349-350. "In the literature on continetal drift and ocean floor spreading, frequent mention is made of authors who expressed similar ideas in the past. Among these, Francis Bacon, Fran~ois Placet, Alexander von Humboldt and Antonio Snider have been credited with the priority of the idea of continental dnft ... A study of the source publications, however, shows that most of what has been written about the concept of continental drift before 1900 is mistaken. This article is a brief outline of the history of the notion of continental drift before the 20th century, including the contemporary intellectual framework in which the idea was conceived." Theodor Christoph Lilienthal, George Howard Darwin, Oswald Fisher, Richard Owen, R. Mantovani, C. B. Warring, and H. Wettstein are discussed also as contributors. 340

b. Geography, cartography, and geodesy

DE DAINVILLE, FRAN(OIS. From the depths to the heights. Surv. Mapp., 1970, 30:389-404. Discusses the marine origins of the cartographic expression of terrestrial relief by numbers and contour lines. 341

DEWEY, JAMES; PERRY BYERLY. The early history of seisometry (to 1900). Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 1969,59:183-227. 342

EVANS, OLWEN CARADOC. Marine plans and charts of Wales. (Map collectors' series, 54.) 47 pp., illus., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1969. 343

FISCHER, ERIC; ROBERT D. CAMPBELL; ELDON S. MILLER. A question of place: The development of geographic thought. vii + 446 pp. Arlington, Va.: Beatty, 1967. 344

FORDHAM, HERBERT GEORGE. Studies in carto-bibliography, British and French, and in the bibliography of itineraries and roadbooks. x + 180 pp., maps, index. London: Dawsons, 1969. Reprint of the 1914 edition. 345

FUSON, ROBERT H. A geography of geography: Origins and development of the discipline. xi + 127 pp., maps. Dubuque, Iowa: Brown, 1969. 346

HODSON, DONALD. The printed maps of Hertfordshire. Part 2, 1785-1820. (Map collectors' series, 59.) 114 pp., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1969. 347

LISTER, RAYMOND. Antique maps and their cartographers. 128 pp., plts., maps., bibl., index. Hamden, Conn.: Archon, 1970. $8.50. 348

MALING, PETER BROMLEY. Early charts of New Zealand, 1542-1851. 134 pp., charts, maps, bibl. Wellington: Reed, 1969. 349

MALINOWSKI, H. The Malinowski Collection of maps of Poland, part IV, part V. (Map collectors' series, 56-57.) Pp. 143-214, maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1969. 350

NAKAMURA, HIROSHI. Sakokuzen ni Nambanjin no tsukureru Nihon chizu. (Maps of Japan made by the Portuguese before the closure of Japan.) (T6yo Bunko ronso, 48.) 3 vols., ports., maps. Tokyo: Toyo Bunko, 1966-1968. 351

RAISTRICK, ARTHUR. Yorkshire maps and map-makers. 72 pp., 7 plts. Clapham, Yorkshire: Dalesman, 1969. 1Os 6d. 352

ROSS, JOHN O'CONNELL. This stern coast: The story of charting the New Zealand coast. 277 pp., illus., maps, bibl. Wellington: Reed, 1969. 353

RUBINSTEIN, STANLEY. Historians of London: An account of the many surveys, histories, perambul- ations, maps and engravings made about the city and its environs, and of the dedicated Londoners who made them. 239 pp., maps. London: Owen; Hamden, Conn.: Archon, 1968. 354

SCHMITHOSEN, JOSEF. Geschichte der geographischen Wissenschaft von den Anfangen bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts. 190 pp., illus., maps, ports., bibl. Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut, 1970. 355

STEPHENSON, RICHARD W. (ed.) Federal government map collecting: A brief history. 60 pp. Washington D. C.: Special Libraries Association, 1969. $3. 356

TAYLOR, W. R. The ordnance survey of Northern Ireland: An outline of its history and present mapping tasks. Cartogr. J., 1969, 6:87-91. 357

THROWER, NORMAN J. W.; CLARENCE J. GLACKEN. The terraqueous globe: The history of geography and cartography. Papers read at a Clark Library seminar, April 27, 1968. iv + 80 pp., maps, bibl. Los Angeles: Clark Memorial Library, Univ. California, 1969. Contents: N. J. W. Thrower: Edmond Halley and thematic geo-cartography. C. J. Glacken: On Chateaubriand's journey from Paris to Jerusalem, 1806-07. 358



23. Earth Sciences: Geography 24. Biological Sciences: Biology 37

TOOLEY, RONALD V. The printed maps of Antiqua, 1689-1899. (Map collectors' series, 55.) 12 pp., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1969. 359

TOOLEY, RONALD V. Printed maps of Australia, being a catalogue of a collection. Part I. (Map collectors' series, 60.) 40 pp., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1970. 360

TOOLEY, RONALD V. The printed maps of Dominica and Grenada. (Map collectors' series, 62.) 15 pp., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1970. 361

TOOLEY, RONALD V. Printed maps of Southern Africa and its parts; catalogue of a collection. (Map collectors' series, 61.) 39 pp., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1970. 362

WAAL, E. H. VAN DE. Manuscript maps in the Topkapl Saray Library, Istanbul. Imago Mundi, 1970,23:81-95. Catalogue of Turkish maps and references in 'iterature to the non-Turkish maps found at the Topkap- Saray Library founded by Sultan Mehmed II, who was very interested in Western and Byzantine geographical and cosmographical knowledge. 363

WINKLER, ERNST. Skizze einer Geschichte der angewandten Geographie in der Schweiz. Geogr. Helvetica, 1969,24:176-182. 364

c. Oceanography

LANG, AREND W. Seekarten der siidlichen Nord- und Ostsee: Lhre Entwicklung von den Anfangen bis zum Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts. (Erganzungsheft zur Deutschen hydrographischen Zeitschrift, Reihe B, 10.) 105 + [861 pp., illus., maps, ports. Hamburg: Deutsches Hydrographisches Institut; Berlin: Borntraeger, 1968. 365

RITCHIE, GEORGE S. Developments in British hydrography since the days of Captain Cook. J. R. Soc. Arts, 1970, 118: 270-283. 366

d. Travel, exploration, and navigation

COTTER, CHARLES H. A brief history of nautical logs to A. D. 1800. J. Inst. Navig., 1970,23:187-195. 367

e. Mineralogy and crystallography

GROTH, PAUL H. Entwicklungsgeschichte der mineralogischen Wissenschaften. iv + 261 pp. Wiesbaden: Sindig, 1970. Reprint of the Berlin 1926 edition. 368

MARX, CARL M. Geschichte der Crystallkunde. xiv + 313 pp., illus. Wiesbaden: Sandig, 1970. DM 42. Facsimile reprint of the 1825 edition. 369

METZGER, HtLtNE. La genese de la science des cristaux. 248 pp., bibl. Paris: Blanchard, 1969. F 15. Reprint of the Paris 1918 edition. 370

f. Meteorology

SAGENDORPH, ROBB. America and her almanacs: Wit, wisdom and weather, 1639-1970. 318 pp., illus. Boston: Little, Brown, 1970. $10. 371

HS 24. BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (microscopy and microbiology, zoology, botany, anatomy and physiology, physical anthropology, heredity and evolution; also applied biology, including certain aspects of agriculture such as plant and animal breeding, economic entomology, etc.

a. Biology in general

AULIE, RICHARD P. A course in the history of biology. Am. Biol. Teacher, 1970, 32:213-218, 271-276. "A lecture course of selected topics in the history of biology was introduced at Chicago State College in 1968. Twenty high school biology teachers from the city and suburbs met [each week] for a three-hour lecture and a discussion period. Six historical topics were explored chronologically, and in depth ... The following sections are abstracts of the first three of the six major topics considered. Each abstract gives examples of the literature available and consulted as source materials. Remarks on the manner of presentation are included." 372

BAJA, ROGER (ed.) La methode biologique. Textes choisis par Roger Baja. Pr6faces de Jean Guitton et Pierre P. Grass6. viii + 211 pp., illus. Paris: Masson, 1969. F 26. 373



38 24. Biological Sciences: Biology

BOTTCHER, HELMUTH M. Geschichte der Naturwissenschaft. Band II: Auf der Suche nach dem Plan des Lebendigen. 267 pp., plts., bibl. Berlin: Habel, 1969. DM 16.80. Popular history of biology. 374

DAGOGNET, FRAN(OIS. La catalogue de la vie. Etude m6thodologique sur la taxonomie. 187 pp. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. F 25. 375

GASKING, ELIZABETH B. The rise of experimental biology. viii + 178 pp., bibl. New York: Random House, 1970. 376

HEIN, HILDA. Molecular biology vs. organicism: The enduring dispute between mechanism and vitalism. Synthese, 1969,20:238-253. "I have argued that the classic controversy between mechanism and vitalism is an instance of meta-theoretical disagreement; that what is represented as a scientific issue resolvable by appeal to evidence is an issue at all only in view of the fact that mechanists and vitalists adhere to different patterns of commitment. In the present paper I shall argue that the meta-theoretical issues which were present in the traditional mechanism-vitalism controversy are echoed in the contemporary dispute between molecular biology and organicist biology." 377

HULL, DAVID L. What philosophy of biology is not. Synthese, 1969,20:157-184. "In the past decade or so a body of literature has arisen which might legitimately be called 'philosophy of biology'. The purpose of this paper will be to review the contributions made to this literature by phllosphers during the past 10 or 15 years. Earlier work will be discussed only if it has proven especially influential. The contributions made by biologists to the philosophy of biology will be touched on only briefly, both because the biological literature is too vast to permit anything like a fair summary in the confines of a short paper and because the strengths and weaknesses of this literature tend to be quite different from the efforts of philosophers ... There is too great a discrepancy between what philosophers produce under the guise of philosophy of biology and what philosophy of biology could be or, in my opinion should be, to pass over without comment."

378

LAGERSPETY, KARI Y. H. Individuality and creativity: Is biology different? Synthese, 1969, 20:254.60. ". . . I have tried to show that the individuality and creativity of organisms is not in principle different from that found in complicated non-living systems, and that the method by which biologists deal with these phenomena is similar to that used in non-biological sciences. In these respects, biology is not different from the physical disciplines dealing with complicated systems." 379

MANSUY, MICHEL. Etudes sur l'imagination de la vie: J. Supervielle, H. Bosco, A. Robbe-Grillet, H. Michaux, J. Rostand, P. Teilhard de Chardin. 222 pp. Paris: Corti, 1970. F 25. 380

MIALL, LOUIS COMPTON. The early naturalists, their lives and works 1530-1789. xi + 396 pp. New York: Hafner, 1969. i16. Reprint of the London 1912 edition. 381

MONOD, JACQUES. From biology to ethics. 22 pp. San Diego: Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 1969. 382

OLIVER, JAMES A. American Museum of Natural History at 100. Nature, 1970, 225:1199-1203. The centenary of New York's Museum of Natural History has been marked by the beginning of some important new programmes, particularly concerned with the environment. In this article, the former director, now coordinator of the museum's scientific and environmental programme, traces its history and describes some new departures for the next hundred years. 383

PORTMANN, ADOLF. Im Kampf um die Auffassung vom Lebendigen. Eranos Jahrb., 1968 (pub. 1970), 37:523-548. 384

RITTERBUSH, PHILIP C. Art and science as influences on the early development of natural history collections. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 1969, 82:561-578. 385

ROSTAND, JEAN. Le courrier d'un biologiste. 229 pp. Paris: Gallimard, 1970. Contents: Le courrier d'un biologiste. Present at avenir de la personne humaine. Les limites de l'humain. L'6volution de la gen6tique. Histoire des idees sur l'origine de la vie. Sur la biogenese. Sur 1'histoire des sciences. 386

SAMPALMIERI, ANGELINO. La cellula nell'evoluzione storica del pensiero biologico. 55 pp., illus. Rome: Cossidente, 1968. 387

SCHELLHORN, MARTIN. Probleme der Struktur, Organisation und Evolution biologischer Systeme. 134 pp., bibl. Jena: Fischer, 1969. DM 9.90. 388

VERMEL', EVGENNI M. Istoriia ucheniia o kletke. (History of cell study.) 259 pp., illus., index. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 389

WALPOLE, MICHAEL. Natural history illustration, 1485-1968: Catalogue of an exhibition of books from the collection of Michael Walpole held in the School of Librarianship, 3-8 March 1969. 16 pp., 4 plts., illus. Loughborough, Leics.: Loughborough Technical College, 1969. 5s. 390

WILLIAMS, RAYMOND. Ideas of nature. Times Lit. Suppl., 1970(Dec. 4): 1419-1421. 391



24. Biological Sciences: Microscopy-Botany 39

b. Microscopy and microbiology

c. Zoology

FEDOROWICZ, ZYGMUNT. Dotychczasowe badania nad historia zoologii in Polsce. (The present state of research on the history of zoology in Poland.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:579-592. 392

d. Botany

BOVE, FRANK J. The story of ergot. For physicians, pharmacists, nurses, biochemists, biologists and others interested in the life sciences. xiv + 297 pp., illus., bibl. Basel: Karger, 1970. $15.85. 393

COATS, PETER. Flowers in history. 264 pp., illus., plts., index. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970. 84s. Contains many colored plates of early botanical illustrations. 394

COURTER, J. W.; A. M. RHODES. Historical notes on horseradish. Econ. Bot., 1969, 23:156-164. "The ancient writers, Dioscorides of Greece and Pliny of Rome, listed horseradish under Thlaspi or Persicon; the early Renaissance herbalists, as Mattioli and Gerard, under Raphanus; Linnaeus under the genus Cochlearia; today's taxonomists under the genus Armoracia. The English word horseradish apparently comes from the German word meeretlich or 'sea-radish': meer (sea) was probably taken by the English to mean miihre, an old horse." 395

FIGALA, KARIN. Alraune. (Veroffentlichungen des Forschungsinstituts des Deutschen Museums fur die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, Reihe A, 63.) 20 pp. Munich: Deutsche Museum fir die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, 1970. 396

FLETCHER, HAROLD R.; WILLIAM H. BROWN. The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 1670-1970. xvi + 309 pp., 24 plts., illus., ports., index. Edinburgh: H.M.S.O., 1970. 72s. 397

GORER, RICHARD. The development of garden flowers. 254 pp., 54 plts., illus., bibl., index. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1970. 63s. 398

HOLTTUM, R. E. The historical significance of botanic gardens in S. E. Asia. Taxon, 1970, 19:707-714. "The present paper concerns the principal botanic gardens of S. E. Asia, established there by Europeans, and is an attempt to show the significance of botanical knowledge so obtained; also to indicate the need and possiblities for further work of the same kind." 399

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF NEW YORK. Printed books, 1481-1900, in the Horitcultural Society of New York. A listing by Elizabeth Cornelia Hall. xiii + 279 pp. New York: Horticultural Society of New York, 1970. 400

MAHUNE, KAZUO. The history of the investigation of photosynthesis and the study of photosynthesis in primary education. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:6-10 401

RATTER, J. A. Three hundred years of botany in Edinburgh Nature, 1970, 226:904-907. "This week the tercentenary of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, is being celebrated with, among other things, the opening of an exhibition hail given by an anonymous donor. This article traces the fortunes of the Garden during the past three hundred years." 402

RICHARDS, P. W. History of botany in the tropics: Retrospect and prospect. Taxon, 1970, 19:705-706. "The development of botany in the tropics falls into four periods: (i) the age of the pioneer botanical explorers, which extended into the 19th century, (ii) the age from then to the First World War in which the plant resources of the tropics were developed mainly by colonial governments, (iii) the period between the two world wars when improved hygiene and trarnsport opened up new possibilities for scientific work in tropical countries and (iv) the present period which began at the end of the Second World War, in which even greater facilities for botanical research in the tropics have been accompanied by a continually accelerating destruction of the tropical biota. The present is therefore the best moment there will ever be for studying tropical botany." From the summary. 403

RICHTER, ROLF; HERMANN VON GUTTENBERG; EIKE LIBBERT. Die Entwicklung der Botanik in Rostock. Wiss Z. Univ. Rostock, Math.-Natur. Reihe, 1968, 17:263-275. 404

SCHWARTZ, EKKEHARD. Zur Wissenschaftsent- wicklung aus der Sicht der Forstwirtschafts- geschichte. Wiss. Z. Humboldt Univ. Math.-Natur. Reihe, 1969, 18:291-300. 405

SHETLER, STANWYN G. The herbarium: Past, present, and future. Proc. Biol. Soc. filash., 1969, 82:687-758. 406

STAROSTIN, B. A. Razvitie biokhimicheskoi sistematiki vysshikh rastenii. (The development of biochemical taxonomy of higher plants.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970,2:145-163. From A. P. de Candolle to the present. 407



40 24. Biological Sciences: Botany-Agriculture

TYLER-WHITTLE, MICHAEL S. The plant hunters, being an examination of collecting, with an account of the careers & the methods of a number of those who have searched the world for wild plants. xii + 281 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Philadelphia: Chilton, 1970. $8.95. 408

YUASA, AKIRA. History of biological studies, I: Historical considerations on the problem of blepharoplast in plants. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1969,8:129-136. 409

e. Anatomy and physiology

CHURCHILL, FREDERICK B. The history of embryology as intellectual history. J. Hist. Biol., 1970,3:155-181. An essay review of Jacques Roger, Les sciences de la vie dans la pensde franVaise du XVIIIe siecle (Paris, 1963); Howard B. Adelmann, Marcello Malpighi ai,d the evolution of embryology (Ithaca, N.Y., 1966); Elizabeth Gasking, Investigations into generation, 1651-1828 (Baltimore, 1966); Jane M. Oppenheimer, Essays in the history of embryology and biology (Cambridge, Mass., 1967); and Wiliam Coleman (ed.) The interpretation of animal form (New York, 1967).

410

CLARKE, EDWIN S. The history of the neurological sciences. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:21-23. The history of the neurological sciences has never been examined in detail. A study of the evolutioil of a medical science must "in essence be a study of the development of scientific and social concepts, taking into account the multifold factors likely to influence them. The object of this paper is to point out a few of the more obvious lines of research in this important subject". 411

DOBY, TIBOR. Vascular experiments before Harvey. Episteme, 1970,4:146-156. 412

FOLLEY, S. J. The milk ejection reflex: A neuroendocrine theme in biology, myth and art. Perspect. Biol. Med., 1970, 13:476-490. 413

FOSTER, MICHAEL. Lectures on the history of physiology during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. New intro. by C. D. O'Malley. vii + 310 pp., illus. New York: Dover, 1970. $3. Reprint of the 1901 edition. 414

GIBSON, WILLIAM CARLETON. The history of the neurone theory. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:249-253. A brief survey from the 17th to the 20th century. 415

GUNDERSON, KEITH. Cybernetics and mind-body problems. Inquiry, 1969, 12:406-419. 416

HALACY, DANIEL S., JR. Man and memory. 259 pp., illus., index. New York: Harper and Row, 1970. $6.95. Pp. 7-27 deal wtth "History of brain studies". 417

HAYMAKER, WEBB; FRANCIS SCHILLER (eds.) The founders of neurology: One hundred and forty-six biographical sketches by eighty-eight authors. 2nd ed. xxi + 616 pp., ports. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1970. 418

ROTHSCHUH, KARL E. Geschichtliclses zur Lehre von der Automatie, Unterhaltung und Regelung der Herztatigkeit. Gesnerus, 1970, 27:1-19. Contents: Das Herz als Sitz der Seele und der eingeborenen Wzirme. Das thermodynamische kardiozentrishe System des Descartes. Chemische Mechanismen bei der Herztatigkeit. Die Herznerven als Quelle der Herztiitkeit. Albrecht von Haller erklirt die Herzaktion durch die Irritabilitat. Fortschritte durch die experimentelle Herz-Physiologie der letzten hundert Jahre. 419

ROTHSCHUH, KARL E. Physiologie im Werden. (Medizin in Geschichte und Kultur, 9.) xii + 188 pp., bibl. Stuttgart: Fischer, 1969. DM 34. 420

SCHUMACHER, GERT HORST (ed.) Anatomie im Wandel der Jahrhunderte an der Universitat Rostock. Wiss. Z. Univ. Rostock, Math.-Natur. Reihe; 1968, 17:1-206. This special issue of the journal contains 27 papers, many of them devoted to the following individuals: C. F. Quittenbaum, Jacob Bording, Simon Paulli, Georg Detharding, C. E. Eschenbach, J. W. Josephi, and Hermann Stnnius. 421

TISCHENDORF, FRIEDRICH. Zur Geschichte der Milzforschung: Ruckblick und Ausblick. Dem Andenken Robert Herrlinger's (1914-1968). (Ergebnisse der Anatomie und Entwicklungs- geschichte, Bd. 42, Heft 3.) 64 pp., illus., bibl. Berlin: Springer, 1970. DM 20.50. Summary in English. 422

f. Physical anthropology (see also HS 25, 29, 30)

g. Agriculture

EDWARDS, EVERETT E. A bibliography of the history of agriculture in the United States. (Selected essays in history, economics, and social sciences, 152.) iv + 307 pp. New York: Franklin, 1970. Reprint of the 1930 edition.

423



24. Biological Sciences: Agriculture 25. Sciences of Man 41

FUSSELL, GEORGE E. Farming systems and society: A historical survey. Trans. Newcomen Soc., 1966-67 (pub. 1970), 39:47-64. 424

h. Heredity and evolution

AYALA, FRANCISCO J. Teleological explanations in evolutionary biology. Philosophy Sci., 1970, 37:1-15. "One of [Darwin'sJ greatest accomplishments was to bring the teleological aspects of nature into the realm of science. He substituted a scientific teleology for a theological one. The teleology of nature could now be explained, at least in principle, as a result of natural laws manifested in natural processes, without recourse to an external Creator or to spiritual or non-material forces. At that point biology came into maturity as a science."

425

BITTER, WILHELM (ed.) Evolution: Fortschritts- glaube und Heilerswartung. Ein Tagungsbericht. 280 pp. Stuttgart: Klett, 1970. DM 19.80. Contents: Wilhelm Bitter: Einfuhrende Ubersicht. Bernhard Rensch:Basale Prinizipien der Evolution mit besonderer Bexicksichtigung der Psychogenese. Jean Gebser: Evolution als Nachvollzug. Friedrich Beese: Entwicklungs- psychologie (Psychoanalyse). Made-Louise von Franz: Der kosmische Mensch als Zielbild des Individuations- prozesses und der Menschheitsentwicklung. Siegmund Hurwitz: Psychologische Aspekte der Messianischen Idee im Judentum. Frantisek M. Dobias: Zum Gesprich zwischen Christen und Marxisten. Ernst Benz: Christliche Endzeiterwartung, Evolutionslehre und Marxismus. Sigurd Martin Daecke: Fortschrittsglaube und Heilserwartung bei Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Wilhelm Kunz: Person und Gemeinschaft bei Teilhard de Chardin. Heinz Kappes: Sri Aurobindo-Der Mensch ist ftir die Evolution im Kosmos verantwortlich. Oscar Marcel Hinze: Die Negation als Schopfungsprinzip in der tantrischen Evolutionslehre. Milan Machovec: Kooperation von Marxisten und Christen. Josef L. Hromddka: Christentum und Marxismus.

426

COWGILL, URSULA M. The people of York: 1538-1812. Scient. Am., 1970, 222(1):104-112. "I undertook a systematic study [of the York parish registeryl , with the help of a computer, to see what could be learned about recent trends in human evolution."

427

SIMPSON, GEORGE GAYLORD. The present status of the theory of evolution. Proc. R. Soc. Victoria, 1969,82:149-160. Includes historical material.

428

HS 25. SCIENCES OF MAN (psychology, cultural anthropology, sociology; see also HS24f, 29, 30)

ALBRECHT, FRANK M. A reappraisal of faculty psychology. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:3640. "Faculty psychology is generally denigrated by historians of psychology as being 'self-defeating and circular' . . . In fact, however, faculty psychology was the first full empirical psychology in history and, as such, played an important role in preparing the way for the success of experimental psychology."

429

ARDILA, RUBEN. Landmarks in the history of Latin American psychology. J. Hist. Behavi Sci., 1970, 6: 140-146. "This article presents a list of basic facts in the history of psychology in Latin America. These are the events which shaped psychology as a science and as a profession in that continent from 1567 to the present." 430

BLUMENTHAL, ARTHUR L. Language and psychology Historical aspects of psycholinguistics. x + 248 pp., illus. New York: Wiley, 1970. 431

CANCRO, ROBERT; PAUL PRUYSER. A historical review of the development of the concept of schizophrenia. Bull. Menninger Clin., 1970, 34:61-70. 432

CURTIS, JAMES E.; JOHN W. PETRAS (eds.) The sociology of knowledge: A reader. vii + 724 pp., index. London: Duckworth, 1970. ?7.50. 433

DAVIS, ROBERT C. The brass age of psychology. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:604-612. A review of the Laboratory Instruments Exhibit of the Archives of the History of American Psychology (Akron, Ohio). 434

ELLENBERGER, HENRI F. The discovery of the unconscious: The history and evolution of dynamic psychiatry. xvi + 932 pp., illus., ports., bibl., index. New York: Basic Books, 1970. $15. 435

FEARING, FRANKLIN. Reflex action: A study in the history of physiological psychology. Intro. by Richard Held. xv + 350 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $3.45 (paper). 436

GOULDNER, ALVIN W. The coming crisis of Western sociology. xv + 520 pp., bibl., index. New York: Basic Books, 1970. $12.50. Largely a history of 19th- and 20th-century sociology. 437

HILLMAN, JAMES. The language of psychology and the speech of the soul. Eranos Jahrb., 1968 (pub. 1970),37:299-356. 438

KLEIN, DAVID B. A history of scientific psychology, its origins and philosophical backgrounds. xii + 907 pp., ports. New York: Basic, 1970. $20. 439



42 25. Sciences of Man

KOESTLER, ARTHUR. The urge to self-destruction. Chemy Br., 1970, 6:165-166. "Evolution has made countless mistakes; for every existing species hundreds must have perished in the past; and it is by no means unlikely that homo sapiens, too, is the victim of some minute error in construction-perhaps in the circuitry of his nervous system-which makes him prone to delusions, and urges him toward self-destruction. But homo sapiens has also the unique resourcefulness to transcend biological evolution and to compensate the shortcomings of his native equipment. He may even have the power to cure the congenitally disordered mental condition, which played havoc with his past and now threatens him with extinction; or, if he cannot cure it, at least to render it harmless." 440

LAPOINTE, FRANC,OIS H. Origin and evolution of the term "psychology". Am. Psychol., 1970, 25:640-645. Traces the term through the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. 441

LOWRY, RICHARD. The reflex model in psychology: Origins and evolution. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:64-69. "By 'reflex model' I refer not so much to psychological theory as to a psychological persuasion-the persuasion, namely, that our understanding of the lowly reflex provides a sufficient basis for the understanding of behavior-ingeneral. In this paper, I should like to present a brief genealogical sketch of this persuasion." 442

MACLEOD, ROY B. Newtonian and Darwinian conceptions of man, and some altematives. J. Hist. BehaviSci., 1970, 6:207-218 "In quick summary, I have been arguing that the psychologists' conception of man during the past 100 years or so has slipped into two molds, one pattemed after Newtonian physics, the other after Darwinian biology. I do not disparage either of these. Both make sense, both have been productive, and both will continue to be useful. I have suggested, however, that, just as in the history of the other sciences the great advances have involved the challenging of implicit assumptions and a fresh and unbiased look at the phenomena, so in psychology the time may again have come for psychologists to look with a questioning eye at some of the assumptions to which we have grown accustomed." 443

MERRIFIELD, MARILYN; ROBERT I. WATSON. Eminent psychologists: Corrections and additions. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:261-262. The authors found in a study of 538 men significant in the history of psychology that many birth and death dates were wrong or difficult to ascertain. 444

MORICK, HAROLD (ed.) Introduction to the philosophy of mind. Readings from Descartes to Strawson. xvii + 315 pp. Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Foresman, 1970. 445

PASSMORE, JOHN. The perfectibility of man. 396 pp., bibl., index. London: Duckworth, 1970. fA.20. Traces the history of this idea. 446

REVESZ, BELA. Geschichte des Seelenbegriffes und der Seelenlokalisation. vii + 310 pp., bibl., index. Amsterdam: Bonset, 1966. Reprint of the Stuttgart 1917 edition. 447

ROYCE, JAMES E. Historical aspects of free choice. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:48-51. 448

SCHMIDBAUER, WOLFGANG. Mythos und Psychologie. Methodische Probleme, aufgezeigt an der Odipus-Sage. 181 pp., bibl., index. Munich: Reinhardt, 1970. DM 15. 449

SHARMA, SOHAN LAL. A historical background of the development of nosology in psychiatry and psychology. Am. Psychol., 1970, 25:248-253. "This article attempts to examine: (a) the social and historical role of the 'institutions' from which the concepts of nosology developed; (b) the logic of nosology in the context of psychiatry; and finally (c) the meaning and utility of nosology in clinical practice." 450

STRlJNK, ORLO. Values move will: The problem of conceptualization. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:59-63. "A recognition of the historic roles of both value and will could help to enrich many comprehensive-theoretical systems of behavior and personality without necessarily employing the concepts in the ways they were frequently used in earlier psychological discussions." 451

SZASZ, THOMAS S. The manufacture of madness: A comparative study of the Inquisition and the mental health movement. xxvii + 383 pp., bibl., index. New York: Harper and Row, 1970. $8.95. "I propose to show that the concept of mental illness serves the same social function in the modern world as did the concept of witchcraft in the late Middle Ages; in short, that the belief in mental illness and the social actions to which it leads have the same moral implications and political consequences as had the belief in witchcraft and the social actions to which it led." 452

TINTEROW, MAURICE M. Foundations of hypnosis, from Mesmer to Freud. xiii + 606 pp., illus., bibl. Springfield, Ill: Thomas, 1970. 453

WALSH, ANTHONY A. Is phrenology foolish? A rejoinder. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:358-361. "While it is not my intention to animadvert at length upon Dr. Bakan's article [Psychology Today, May, 1968], I feel that certain points made by Dr. Bakan need elucidation, while others, which are historically inaccurate, need correcting." 454

WERTHEIMER, MICHAEL. A brief history of psychology. ix + 163 pp., bibl. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. 454a

WYSS, DIETER. Die tiefenpsychologischen Schulen von den Anfangen bis zun Gegenwart. Entwicklung, Probleme, Krisen. 3., durgegeschen und erw. Aufl. xxxi + 457 pp. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1970. DM 28. 455



26. Medicine: Medical History 43

HS 26. MEDICINE AND THE MEDICAL SCIENCES (includes pharmacy)

a. Medical history (histories of diseases, medical anatomy, hospitals, medical psychology, veterinary medicine, and dentistry)

ACKERKNECHT, ERWIN H. Therapie von den Primitiven bis zum 20. Jahrhundert. xii + 199 pp., bibl., index. Stuttgart: Enke, 1970. DM 15.50. 456

ACKERKNECHT, ERWIN H. Zur Geschichte der iatrogenen Krankheiten. Gesnerus, 1970, 27: 57-63. 457

BECK, R. J. The halls of the barbers, barber-surgeons and Company of Surgeons of London. Ann. R. Coll. Surg., 1970,47:14-29. A survey of the accommodations of the Barber's fratemnity and company from the 15th to the 19th century. 458

BENDER, RUTH E. The conquest of deafness. A history of the long struggle to make possible normal living to those handicapped by lack of normal hearing. 243 pp., plts., bibl., index. Cleveland: Case Western Reserve Univ. Pr., 1970. $7.50. 459

BENEDUM, J. Fibula-Naht oder Klammer? Gesnerus, 1970,27:20-56. 460

BOKESOVA-UHEROVA, MARIA. K 300-mu vy'rociu lekarskej fakulty Trnavskej University. (The 300th anniversary of the medical faculty of Trnava University.) D6jiny Vyd Tech., 1969,2:201-213. 461

BOLOGA, VALERIU L.; GABRIELLA RUSU. Entstehung und Entwicklung der rumanishcen wissenschaftlichen Medizin. 2. Teil. NTM, 1969, 6(1):1 11-124. 462

BOWERS, JOHN Z. Westem medical pioneers in feudal Japan. xi + 245 pp., gloss., bibl., index. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Pr. for the Macy Foundation, 1970. $8.95. Contents: Medicine before the Dutch. The early years at Deshima: Willem Ten Rhijne and Engelbert Kaempfer. Open door to Western medicine: Philipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold. The continuing rise of Western medicine: The return of Siebold. J. L. C. Pompe van Meerdervoort: The official adoption of Western medicine. 463

BULLOUGH, VERN L.; BONNIE BULLOUGH. The emergence of modern nursing. Second edition. vi + 277 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Macmillan, 1969. A lucid, unpretentious, and extremely well-balanced short survey of the development of nursing from antiquity to the present. It should serve well as an introdcution to the subject for students of nursing while a useful bibliography will prove of value to scholars generally. C ROSENBERG 464

CARRE, ADRIEN. Notes sur l'historique de la medecine du travail et de 1'ergonomie dans la marine. Revue Hist. tLcon. Soc., 1969, 47:260-289. 465

COOKE, A. M. The College and Europe. J. R. Coll. Physicians, 1970,4:97-113. "Fortunately, medicine ignores national boundaries, so for four and half centuries the [Royal] College [of Physicians of London] has been linked to the continent of Europe by extensive movements in men, books, ideas, and knowledge." 466

DOBSON, JESSIE. The royal dentists. Ann. R. Coll. Surg., 1970,46:277-291. A survey from Anglo-Saxon times to the end of the 19th century. 467

EALES, NELLIE B. The Cole library of early medicine and zoology. Catalogue of books and pamphlets. Part 1: 1472 to 1800. xiv + 425 pp., plt., bibl., index. Reading: Alden Pr. for the Library, Univ. Reading, 1969. ?5 5s. 468

FISCHER-HOMBERGER, ESTHER. "Railway Spine" und traumatische Neurose-Seele und Riickenmark. Gesnerus, 1970, 27:96-111 . 469

FOSTER, WILLIAM D. A history of medical bacteriology and immunology. xi + 232 pp., plts., illus., index. London: Heinemann Medical, 1970. 40s. 470

GARDNER, WILLIAM S. Training to be a doctor: Omissions and their consequences. J. R. Coll. Gen. Practitioners, 1970, 19:319-330. "I intend to show how it has come about that-the importance of drugs in the treatment of disease has been overemphasized; how it has come about that, in certain directions, our patients have been mislead and, most serious of all, how we the family doctors, have become deluded ourselves." Then follows a survey of the materia medica from 1617, the year the Apothecaries of London were separated from the Grocers, to the present. 471

GARRISON, FIELDING H.; LESLIE T. MORTON. A medical bibliography (Garrison and Morton): An annotated check-list of texts illustrating the history of medicine. 3rd ed. 872 pp., index. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1970. $37.50. 472



44 26. Medicine: Medical History

GUEST-GORNALL, R. The Montpellier School of Medicine. Practitioner, 1970, 205:234-239. Surveys the history of Montpellier from the 13th to the 20th century. 473

HAND, WAYLAND D. Hangmen, the gallows, and the dead man's hand in American folk medicine. Pp. 323-329 in Jerome Mande and Bruce A. Rosenberg (eds.) Medieval literature and folklore studies. New Brunswick: Rutgers Univ. Pr., 1970. 474

HAVILAND, THOMAS N.; LAWRENCE CHARLES PARISH. A brief account of the use of wax models in the study of medicine. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:52-75. From the 14th to the early 20th century. Includes two plates. 475

HAWES, LLOYD E. Harvard's new collection ir. the history of radiology. Harp. Libr. Bull., 1970, 18:254-266. "In 1969 Harvard acquired an outstanding collection of books, manuscripts, and small apparatus pertaining to the history of radiology and its related sciences. It is now housed in the Countway Library of Medicine. An account of the actual steps taken to build a collection in such a narrow and specialized field of science may be of interest to others, and could be of practical use for a future collector." 476

HERRLINGER, ROBERT. History of medical illustration, from antiquity to A.D. 1600. Pref. by F. N. L. Poynter. [4] + 178 pp., illus., index. London: Pitman Medical, 1970. ?7. 477

JANDOLO, MICHELE. I precedenti e lo sviluppo scientifico della "Sindrome di Munchhausen". Riv. Stor. Med., 1970, 14:19-26. 478

JARCHO, SAUL. A cartographic and literary study of the word malaria. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:31-39. "The most interesting revelation is simply that during much of the 19th century the English word malaria signified not a disease but a noxious substance, presumably gaseous, which was thought to cause intermittent fevers." 479

KAISER, WOLFRAM; WERNER PIECHOCKI. Wechselbeziehungen zwischen der West- und Mittelslowakei und Halle-Wittenberg aus medizinhistorischer Sicht. NTM, 1969, 6(2):68-86. 480

KOURENOFF, PAUL M. Russian folk medicine. Trans., ed. and arranged by George St. George. [91 + 213 pp., index. London: Allen, 1970. ?1.75. 481

LAGRANGE, EMILE. Sur l'epidemiologie du cholera asiatique. Episteme, 1970, 4:181-193. 482

LAURENCE, B. R. The curse of St. Thomas. Med. Hist., 1970,14:352-363. "In this series of extracts related to elephantiasis [the curse of St. Thomas the Apostle], from the opening of the 16th to the close of the 18th centuries, I have tried to show the changing attitudes of the Europeans to the disfiguring tropical disease that they found here on the west coast of India." 483

LESKY, ERNA. Perkussion und Auskultation. Wege artzlichen Erkennens. (Zur Geschichte diagnosticher Methoden, 1-2.) 35 pp., illus., bibl. Basel: Geigy, 1970. 484

L6PEZ SANCHEZ, JOSE. La medicina en La Habana, 1550-1799. (Cronologfa de los hechos medicos consignados en las Actas capitulares del ayuntamiento de La Habana). (Cuadernos de historia de la salud pfublica, 47,48.) 2 vols.; 318 pp.; 313 pp., index. Havana: Institute del Libro, 1970. 485

MATSUKI, AKITOMO. A brief history of Jennerian vaccination in Japan. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:199-201. A chronology from the promulgation of the National Isolation Policy (1636) to the passage of the compulsory vaccination Act (1876). 486

MATTEI, CHARLES. Savoir et humilit6 a l'Ecole de medecine de Marseille. 276 pp., illus. Paris: Masson, 1968. F 25. 487

MC KEOWN, THOMAS. A sociological approach to the history of medicine. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:342-351. 488

MEDICAL REFERENCE WORKS, 1679-1966. A selected bibliography. Supplement I. Comp. by Mary Virginia Clark. (Medical Library Association publication 3, supplement 1.) xv + 46 pp. Chicago: Medical Library Association, 1970. $3.75 (paper). In the first biennial supplement to the comprehensive bibliography, edited by John Blake and Charles Roos, Mary Virginia Clark, National Library of Medicine, annotates 315 entries for books published in 1967 and 1968. Arranged by medical specialities and related fields such as dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, etc., it also contains a list of additions and corrections to the original publication. 489

MENINI, CESARE. Osservazioni storiche sulla malaria nel ferrarese, nei suoi rapporti con talassemia e favismo. Episteme, 1970,4:234-240. 490

MICHLER, MARKWART. Das Spezialisierungsproblem und die antike Chirurgie. 88 pp., illus., bibl. Bern: Huber, 1969. 491



26. Medicine: Medical History 45

MILLER, GENEVIEVE. The teaching of medical history in the United States and Canada. Historical resources in medical school libraries. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:251-278, 482-483. Statistics and brief descriptions of special and historical collections in 126 United States and Canadian medical school libraries. 492

MUNSTER UNIVERSITAT. INSTITUT FOR GESCHICHTE DER MEDIZIN. Zehn Jahre Institut fuir Geschichte der Medizin der Universitat Munster, 1960-1970. Ein Bericht. 25 pp., illus., bibl. Munster: Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin der Univ. Miinster, 1970. 493

O'MALLEY, CHARLES D. (ed.) The history of medical education. An international symposium held February 5-9, 1968. (UCLA forum in medical sciences, 12.) xii + 548 pp., illus., maps, ports., index. Berkeley: Univ. California Pr., 1970. Contents: Fridolf Kudlien: Medical education in classical antiquity. Satni Hamarneh: Medical education and practice in medieval Islam. C. H. Talbot: Medical education in the Middle Ages. C. D. O'Malley: Medical education during the Renaissance. Luigi Belloni: Italian medical education after 1600. Charles Coury: The teaching of medicine in France from the beginning of the 17th century. Hans H. Simmer: Principles and problems of medical undergraduate education in Germany during the 19th and early 20th centuries. G. A. Lindeboom: Medical education in the Netherlands, 1575- 1750. Erna Lesky: The development of bedside teaching at the Vienna Medical School from scholastic times to special clinics. F. N. L. Poynter: Medical education in England since 1600. L. R. C. Agnew: Scottish medical education. Wolfgang Kock: Medical education in Scandinavia since 1600. M. D. Grmek: The history of medical education in Russia. N. H. Keswani: Medical education in India since ancient times. Pierre Huard: Medical education in south-east Asia (excluding Japan). John Z. Bowers: The history of medical education in Japan: The rise of western medical education. Francisco Guerra: Medical education in Iberoamerica. Wm. Frederick Norwood: Medical education in the United States before 1900. John Field: Medical education in the United States: Late 19th and 20th centuries. 494

O'MALLEY, CHARLES D. The lure of Padua. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:1-9. "[The University of] Padua had things of value to impart to the medical world, but, in the final analysis, Padua's dominant position, held for so long, is best reflected in the fact that such numbers of the later great [17th-century] figures of English medicine were attracted to and chose to go to Padua for their training." 495

POYNTER, FREDERICK N. L. (ed.) Medicine and culture. Proceedings of a historical symposium organized jointly by the Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine, London, and the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York. (Publications of the Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine, 15.) vi + 321 pp., index. London: Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine, 1969. 60s. Contents: Geoffrey Vickers: Medicine's contribution to culture. Iago Galdston: Medicine and culture. John W. Dodds: The physician as humanist in a technological society. George Pickering: Medicine and education. Douglas Hubble: Medicine and culture. Aubrey Lewis: Medicine and culture. Richard M. Titmuss: The culture of Medical Care and


consumer behavior. Jeanne Brand: English and American medicine and society, 1900-1914. Francisco Guerra: The role of religion in Spanish American medicine. N. H. Keswani: Modem medicine in a traditional Indian setting, a new brew in an old vat. T. Adeoye Lambo: Traditional African cultures and western medicine (A critical review). Pierre Huard: Western medicine and Afro-Asian ethnic medicine. Joseph Needham and Lu Gwei-Djen: Chinese medicine. 496

ROHRICH, HEINRICH. Theatrum anatomicum, Hortus medicus und Laboratorium chymicum: Die ersten Institute der Medizinischen Fakultait der Universitat in Altdorf. Sitzungsber. Phys.-Med. Soz. Erlangen, 1970,83-84:4-17. 497

ROUSSEAU, ALAIN. Une revolution dans la semiologie medicale: Le concept de specificite 1sionnelle. Clio Medica, 1970,5:123-131. Concerned primarily with the 18th and 19th centuries. 498

SCHILLER, FRANCIS. Concepts of the stroke before and after Virchow. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:115-131. A survey of concepts and vocabulary of stroke from Aretaeus (2nd century A. D.) to the 20th century. Special attention is given to Giovanni Battista Morgagi and Rudolf Virchow. 499

SCHIPPERGES, HEINRICH. Moderne Medizin im Spiegel der Geschichte. viii + 327 pp., illus., maps, bibl. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1970. DM 9.80. 500

SCHMITT, CHARLES B. A survey of some of the manuscripts of the Biblioteca Lancisiana in Rome Med. Hist., 1970,14: 289-294. The library's MS holdings are mainly from the 16th-18th centuries and include some correspondence between William Harvey and Marco Aurelio Severino, as well as materials by Marcello Malpighi and Herman Boerhaave. 501

SCHOLZ, HARRY; PAUL SCHROEDER (eds.) Arzte in Ost- und Westpreussen: Leben und Leistung seit dem 18. Jahrhundert. (Ostdeutsche Beitrage aus dem Gottinger Arbeitskreis, 48.) x + 330 pp., ports., index. Wurzburg: Holzner, 1970. DM 27. 502

SHREWSBURY, JOHN F. D. A history of bubonic plague in the British Isles. xi + 661 pp., bibl., index. London: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. ?8. 503

SKINNER, HENRY A. The origin of medical terms. 2nd ed., reprinted with corrections. x + 438 pp., illus., bibl. New York: Hafner, 1970. $15. 504

STEUDEL, JOHANNES. Medical history in German medical education.Med. Hist., 1970, 14:202-207. Mainly concerned with the post World War 11 period. 505



46 26. Medicine: Medical History, Pharmacy

STRANSKY, EUGENE. Contributions to the history of leukemia. Episteme, 1970, 4:241-316. 506

THORNTON, JOHN L. A select bibliography of medical biography. With an introductory essay on medical biography. 2nd edition. 170 pp., 7 plts., illus., ports., index. London: Library Association, 1970. 30s. 507

TUTZKE, DIETRICH. Die Entwicklung der Geburts- und Sterbestatistik einschliesslich der Todesursachenstatistik. NTM, 1969, 6(1):93-1 10. A survey from the 17th to the 19th century. 508

VEITH, ILZA. Historical reflections on longevity. Perspect. Bio. Med., 1970, 13:255-263. A brief survey of the varying length of human life and of theories of longevity. 509

VOGEL, VIRGIL J. American Indian medicine. (Civilization of the American Indian series, 95.) xx + 583 pp., illus., bibl. Norman: Univ. of Oklahoma Pr., 1970. $12.50. 510

WAIN, HARRY. A history of preventive medicine. x + 407 pp., bibl. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1970. 511

ZIGROSSER, CARL. Medicine and the artist: 137 great prints, selected with commentary. 3rd enlarged edition. xi + 177 pp., illus. New York: Dover, 1970. $3.75 (paper). 512

b. Pharmacy

BLAKE, JOHN B. (ed.) Safeguarding the public: Historical aspects of medicinal drug control. xi + 200 pp., index. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Pr., 1970. $7.50. Contents: Alex Berman: Drug control in 19th-century France: Antecedents and directions. Ernst W. Stieb: Drug control in Britain, 1850-1914. T. D. Whittet: Drug control in Britain: From World War I to the Medicines Bill of 1968. Erwin H. Ackerknecht: A short survey of drug therapy prior to 1900. Henry K. Beecher: The appraisal of analgesic agents in recent decades: Prototype for the study of subjective responses. David L. Cowen: The role of the pharmaceutical industry. Glenn Sonnedecker: Contribution of the pharrnaceutical profession toward controlling the quality of drugs in the 19th century. James G. Burrow: The prescription-drug policies of the American Medical Association in the progressive era. Harry F. Dowling: The American Medical Association's policy on drugs in recent decades. James Harvey Young: Drugs aid the 1906 law. David F. Cavers: The evolution of the contemporary system of drug regulation under the 1938 act. Louis Lasagna: 1938-1968: The FDA, the drug industry, the medical profession, and the public. 513

BOORMAN, WILLIAM H. Local history and the pharmacist. Pharmaceutical Hist., 1968, 1(3):4-6. Concludes an article begun in Pharmaceutical Hist., 1(2):3-6. 514

CANADIAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION. A brief history of pharmacy in Canada. 113 pp., illus., ports. [Toronto: Canadian Pharmaceutical Association, 1970?] Some of these articles were originally published in the Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal. 515

CRELLIN, JOHN K.; J. R. SCOTT. Pharmaceutical history and its sources in the Weilcome collections: III, Fluid medicines, prescription reform and posology, 1700-1900. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:132-153. "This study was prompted mainly by the large collection of 16th-19th-century vials and bottles in the Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine which highlights the growing popularity of the multidose mixture at the expense of small-volume preparations, the draught and the drop."

516

ELSAS, MADELEINE. Archives: The "memory of man". PharnaceuticalfHist., 1968,1(3):1-2. A brief survey of out-of-the-way archives that might have materials of interest to the historian of pharmacy. 517

JACOBI, HORST. Psychopharmka und Psyche. Pp. 49-74 in Andreas Resch (ed.) Im Kraftfeld des christlichen Weltbildes. Munich: Schoningh, 1968. 518

KUZNICKA, BARBARA. Historia farmacji w Polsce z perspektywy dwier6wiecza. (The history of pharmacy in Poland from the perspective of a quarter century.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:593-600. 519

MERCK AG, DARMSTADT. From Merck's "Angel pharmacy" to the world-wide Merck Group. 70 pp., plts. Darmstadt: Merck AG, 1968. A history of the firm. 520

SHORT, AGNES LOTHIAN. Apothecary jar inscriptions-their interpretation. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:145-147. Lists abbreviations found on English drug jars, and pharmacopoeias and dispensaries helpful in tracing insciptions. 521

WEISENBERG, AMALIUS. Handworterbuch der gesamten Arzneimittel von der altesten bis auf die neueste Zeit fir Arzte und studirte Wundartze. Mit einem Vorwort von Rudolf Schmitz. iv + 636 pp. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the Jena 1853 edition. 522

WHITTET, THOMAS DOUGLAS. Project for a directory of provincial apothecaries. Pharmaceutical Hist., 1970, 1(4):2-3. Discussion of a projected directory of English apothecaries outside of London, for the period before 1815. 523



26. Medicine: Pharmacy 27. Technology 47

WILKINSON, JOHN F. Old English apothecaries' drug jars. Proc. R. Soc. Med, 1970,,63:137-144. Detailed description and chronological study of English drug jars from the 17th to the end of the 19th century. 524

HS 27. TECHNOLOGY (engineering, mining, mechanical inventions, horology, arts and crafts, militay technology, agricultural technology)

BEYLEN,J. VAN. Schepen van de Nederlanden van de late middeleeuwen tot het einde van de 1 7e eeuw. vii + 315 pp., 53 plts. Amsterdam: van Kampen, 1970. 525

BISWAS, ASIT K. History of hydrology. xii + 336 pp., illus., maps, ports., index. Amsterdam: North- Holland; New York: American Elsevier, 1970. $16. 526

BLOOM, ALAN. Steam engines at Bressingham: The story of a live steam museum. 233 pp., plts., index. London: Faber and Faber, 1970. 50s. 527

BOBINGER, MAMMILIAN. Kunstuhnnacher in Alt-Augsburg. Erster Teil: Johann Reinhold, Georg Roll und ihr Kreis. Zweiter Teil: Die Generationen der Buschmann. (Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Stadt Augsburg, 18.) 128 pp., 57 plts., index. Augsburg: R6sler, 1969. DM 18.60. 528

CATLING, HAROLD. The spinning mule. 207 pp., plts., index. Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1970. ?2.75. History of spinning machines. 529

CAWOOD, CHARLES L The history and development of farm tractors. Ind Archaeol., 1970, 7:264-291, 397423. 530

CONDIT, CARL W. The evolution of urban form. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:428-433. A review article of Howard Sasiman, Medieval cities (New York, 1968); Giulio C. Argan, The Renaissance city (New York, 1969); Franpoise Choay, The modern city: Planning in the 19th century (New York, 1969); and Dora Wiebenson, Tony Gamier: The citie industrielle (New York, 1969). 531

CUNYNGHAME, HENRY H. S. Time and clocks: A description of ancient and modem methods of measuring time. 200 pp. Detroit: Singing Tree Pr., 1970. Reprint of the 1906 edition. 532

DANIELS, GEORGE H. The big questions in the history of American technology. Technology Cult., 1970,11:1-21. A symposium on the historiography of American technology. Contents: John G. Burke: Comment: The complex nature of explanations in the historiography of technology. Edwin Layton: Comment: The interaction of technology and society. George H. Daniels: The reply: Differences and agreements. 533

DE BORHEGYI, STEPHAN F. Wheels and man. Archaeology, 1970,23:18-25. Using pre-Columbian wheeled toys as examples, the author argues that technological discovery doesn't always include utilization, which "depends entirely on the timeliness, the practicability and the orientation and needs of the culture" which made the discovery. 534

ELLIOTT, G. W. (ed.) Some descriptions of pottery making and working conditions, 1557-1844. 63 pp., plts., bibl. Stafford, Eng.: Ivy House, 1970. 17s. A selection of plates from the following works is commented upon: Cipriano Piccolpasso (1524-1579) Three books of the potter's art, Samue, Scriven's Report on child labour (1842),A representation of the manufacturing of earthen- ware (1827), De Milly L 'art de la porcelaine (1771), and Alexandre Brongniart TraitM des arts ceramiques (1844). 535

EWERS, WILLIAM; H. W. BAYLOR; H. H. KENAGA. Sincere's history of the sewing machine. 256 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Phoenix: Sincere Pr., 1970. $10.95. 536

FOCKE, HEINRICH. Zur Geschichte der Nachstrompropulsion. Ein Kampf um Wirklichkeitserkenntnis in einem physikalisch. technicshen Vorgang. vi + 95 pp., illus. Darmnstadt: Steinkopff, 1970. 537

GEORGE, A. D. The industrial archaeology of West Cumberland. Ind Archaeol., 1970, 7:144-164. Discussion of coal mining, coke ovens, iron ore mining iron and steel production, harbours and docks, and railway branch lines in the West Cumberland area in the 18th and 19th centuries. 538

GIBBONS, M.; C. JOHNSON. Relationship between science and technology. Nature, 1970, 227:125-127. "This case study [of the development of the transistor] suggests that the relation between science and technology is symbiotic rather than that technology is applied science, which seems to be the prevalent view." 539

GILFILLAN, S. COLUM. The sociology of invention: An essay in the social causes, ways, and effects of technic invention, especially as demonstrated historically in the author's Inventing the ship. xiii + 185 pp. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. Originally published in 1935. 540



48 27. Technology

GLEISBERG, HERMANN. Thebwerke in Getreidemlhen. Eine technikgeschichtliche Studie. (Technikgeschichte in Einzeldarstellungen, 15.) 230 pp., illus. Dbsseldorf. VDI-Verlag, 1970. DM 35.75. 541

HENRY-, J. T. The early and later history of petroleum, with authentic facts in regard to its development in western Pennsylvania. 607 pp., illus,, ports. New York: Kelley, 1970. $16.50. Reprint of the 1873 edition. 542

HILTON, GEORGE. The Dossin Great Lakes Museum. Technology Gilt., 1970,11:289-297. A description of the museum devoted to Great Lakes shipping,

543

HOOG, 0. F. G. Artillery: Its origins, heyday and decline. xi + 330 pp., plts., bbl., index. London: Hurst, 1970. ?4 4s, 544

HOPKINS, H. J. A span of bridges: An illustrated history. 288 pp., illus., bibi., index. New York: Praeger; Newton Abbot: David & (Charles, 1970. $12.50. 545

JOHNS, GERALD. Literature of time in the Ernst Zinner Collection, San Diego State College library. vi + 25 pp., ilus. San Diego: San Diego State Colege, Sciences and Engineering Library, 1970. Inludes works on chronology and horology in the Zinner Collection, purchased by the Library in 1967. 546

JOHNSON, WILLIAM BRANCH. The industrial archaeology of Hertfordshire. 206 pp., illus., maps, bibl., index. Newton Abbott: David & Charles, 1970. 50s. 547

KINGSFORD, PETER W. Electrical engineering: A history of the men and the ideas. 268 pp., illus., port. New York: St. Martin's Pr., 1970. $6.50. First published in London under title: Electdral engineers and workerx 548

KORTING, JOHANNES. Karlsruhe als Gasstadt der Fhzeit. (Technikgeschichte in Einzeldarstelungen, 13.) 98 pp., bibl. Disseldorf. VDI-Verlag, 1969. 549

KOUWENHOVEN, JOHN A. Architecture as environmental technology. Technology Cult., 1970., 11:85-93. An essay review of Reyner Banham, The architecture of the well-tempered environment (Chicago, 1969). 550

LEWIS, M. J. T. Early wooden railways. xxiii + 436 pp., illus., plts., maps, bibl., index. London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1970. ?8. 551

LUNDSTROM, JOHAN. The history of the Soderfors anchor-works. Trans. by Lars-Erik Hedin. With introductory essays by Fritz Redlich and Lars-Erik Hedin. (Kress Library of Business and Economics, publication 21.) ix + 83 pp., illus., plts., bibi. Boston: Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration, 1970. 552

LUTZ, THEO. Kybemetik, Portrait einer Wissenschaft. Teil 1: Der Begriff und seine Geschichte. Teil 2: Die Grundbegriffe der Kybernetik. Teil 3: Die Theorie von der Information. Verein Deut. Ingen. Z., 1970, 112:413417,1009-1014, 1341-1346. 553

MACINTYRE, DONALD; BASIL W. BATHE. Man-of-War: A history of the combat vessel, Preface by Edward L. Beach. 273 pp., illus., index. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969. $23.95. 554

MAJER, JIAf. Prameny k d6jinim 6esk6ho hornictvi ve Videfiskich archievech. (Sources for the history of Czech mining in the Vienna archives.) D41ny V6d Tech., 1970,3:162-166. 555

MAUEL, KURT. Technikgeschichtliche Kolloquien fur junge Historiker. Tradition. Z. Ftrmengesch., 1970,15:153-157. 556

MAYR, OTTO. The origins of feedback control. vii + 151 pp., illus. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. 557

MC CUTCHEON, W. A. Water power in the north of Ireland. Trans. Newomen Soc., 1966.67 (pub. 1970), 39:67-94. A historical survey from the early centuries of the Christian era to the begining of the 20th century. 558

MORPURGO, ENRICO. Nederlandse klokken- en horlogemakers vanaf 1300. vii + 152 pp., photos., bibl Amsterdam: Scheltema and Holkema, 1970. Fl 4430. 559

MUNICH. TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE. Technische Hochschule Muinchen, 1868-1968. 315 pp., illus., bibL. Munich: Oldenburg, 1968. 560

NICHOLSON, TIMOTHY R. The world's motor museums. 143 pp., illus. London: Dent, 1970. ?3. 561



27. Technology 49

OLBRICH, HUBERT. Geschichte der Melasse. 832 pp., illus., maps, bibl. Berlin: Bartens, 1970. 562

PANTER, K. H. Technology and the -architect. Tech. Soc., 1970, 5:100-106. A survey, beginning with the Egyptian pyramids, of how architects have incorporated the newest technological innovations into their work.

563

PEARSE, JOHN BARNARD. A concise history of the iron manufacture of the American Colonies up to the Revolution, and of Pennsylvania until this present time. 282 pp., illus., map. New York: Franklin, 1970. Reprint of the 1876 edition.

564

POLLACK, PETER. The picture history of photography, from the earliest beginnings to the present day. Rev. and enlarged edition. 708 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Abrams, 1969. 565

PROSSER, RICHARD B. Birmingham inventors and inventions: Being a contribution to the industrial history of Birmingham. With a new foreword by Asa Briggs. vii + xii + 251 pp., index. Wakefield: S. R. Publishers, 1970. 50s. Facsimile reprint of the Birmingham 1881 edition.

566

RADLEY, JEFFREY. York waterworks, and other waterworks in the north before 1800. Trans. Newcomen Soc., 1966-67 (pub. 1970), 39:143-156. -567

RETI, LADISLAO. The double-acting principle in East and West. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:178-200. The author attempts to answer the question, "Why the double-acting principle was not universally adopted for moving fluids in blowers and pumps when it had been well known in the West since at least the end of the 15th century."

568

RIDEN, PHILIP J. Tramroads in North-East Derbyshire. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:373-396. A study of 10 non-locomotive railways in the 18th and 19th centuries.

569

RORENTROP, KLAUS. Zur Entwicklung der Regelungstechnik. Technik-Geschichte, 1970, 37:65-81. 570

ROWLAND, KEITH T. Steam at sea: A history of steam navigation. 240 pp., 16 plts., illus., ports., bibl., index. Newton Abbott: David & Charles, 1970. 55s. 571

SIMMONS, JACK. Transport museums in Britain and Western Europe. 300 pp., 64 plts., illus., index. London: Allen & Unwin, 1970. 80s. 572

SMITH, CYRIL STANLEY. Technology in history. Minerva, 1970, 8:469470. Essay review of Lynn White, Jr., Machine ex Deo: Essays in the dynamism of culture (Cambridge, Mass., 1968). 573

SOUtEK, LUDVIK. The story of communications. With illus. by Kamil Lhotak. 239 pp. London: Mills and Boon, 1969. 574

SPIER, ROBERT F. G. From the hand of man: Primitive and pre-industrial technologies. (Resources for the study of anthropology.) xi + 159 pp., illus., bibl. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1970. $2.75 (paper). 575

STOCKLEIN, ANSGAR. Leitbilder der Technik. Biblische Tradition und technischer Fortschritt. 198 pp., plts., bibl., index. Munich: Moos, 1969. DM 28. Studies the way engineers from 1550 to 1700 used Biblical and theological materials to explain the meaning of their profession. 576

STOVER, JOHN F. The life and decline of the American railroad. xi + 324 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1970. $7.50. 577

STRUNZ, HUGO. Von der Bergakademie zur Technischen Universitat Berlin, 1770-1970. 151 pp., illus. Essen: Gluckauf, 1970. DM 26.40. 578

TIMMERMANN, GERHARD. Handwerk, Volktechnik und Igenieurtechnik und ihre gegenseitigen Beziehungen. Technik-Geschichte, 1970, 37:130-145. 579

UNTERBURG, GERD. Die Bedeutung der Patente in der industriellen Entwicklung. (Schriftenreihe zur Industrie- und Entwicklungspolitik.) 203 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: Duncker and Humblot, 1970. DM 46.60. 580

WACHTEL, JOACHIM (ed.) Facsimile Querschnitt durch fruhe Automobilzeitschriften. (Facsinile Querschnitte durch Zeitungen und Zeitschriften, 16.) 208 pp., illus. Munich: Scherz, 1970. DM 28. 581

WAILES, REX. Water-driven mills for grinding stone. Trans. Newcomen Soc., 1966-67 (pub. 1970), 39:95-119. A discussion of several mills in various English counties. 582



50 27. Technology 28. Pseudo-Sciences

WHITE, JOHN H., JR. Baltimore and Ohio Transportation Museum. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:70-84. "Few American corporations maintain a museum comparable to the B & 0 Transportation Museum. Depressions, wars, efficiency drsves all offer good excuses to do away with historical collections. As pointed out earlier in this review, the railroad has decided against disbanding the collection on several occasions. If only this enlightened attitude could be more widely broadcast about the American business community now so ready to support the arts, a new day would begin tor the technical museum." 583

WHITE, LYNN, JR. The origins of the coach. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:423-43 1. "Our conclusions are three: (1) [Ivan] Venedikov's very stimulating proposal that the suspended carriage first appeared in Roman vehicles of the 3rd to 4th century cannot be accepted. (2) A structurally primitive open variety of coach was used in early 1 1th-century England. (3) However, by 965 a more advanced form of covered coach was already to be found among the Western Slavs ... The sequence from the coach of the 10th century to the 20th-century automobile and aircraft body is unbroken." 584

WOODFORDE, JOHN. The story of the bicycle. xvi + 175 pp., illus., index. London: Routledge and K. Paul, 1970. ?1.60. 585

YOUNG, DONALD. Brickmaking at Sandleheath, Hampshire. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:439-442. The brickyard was in operation from 1793-1964. 586

HS 28. PSEUDO-SCIENCES AND PARADOXES (includes natural magic, divination, alchemy, and astrology)

BERNUS, ALEXANDER. Alchymie und Heilkunst. (3., uberarb. und erg. Aufl.) 243 pp. Nurnberg: Carl, 1969. DM 17. 587

FIGUIER, LOUIS. L'alchimie et les alchimistes. Avant-propos et notes de Rene Alleau. 406 pp., illus. Paris: Denoel, 1970. F 36. 588

FLAMAND, ELIE-CHARLES. Erotique de.l'alchimie. Preface d'Eugene Canseliet. 174 pp., illus. Paris: Belfond, 1970. 589

GAUQUELIN, MICHEL. Les horloges cosmiques. Pref. par Frank A. Brown. 268 pp., bibl. Paris: Denoel, 1970. 590

GRONDONA, FELICE. Basilischii artificiali all'esame radiografico. Contributo agli aspetti storico-culturali della teratologia. Physis, 1969, 11:249-266. An account of fantastic monsters in the history of culture. 591

HUTIN, SERGE. Histoire de I'astrologie, science ou superstition. 191 pp., illus., bibl., index. Veriers: Gerard, 1970. F 7.50. 592

JUNG, CARL GUSTAV. Mysterium coniunctionis: An inquiry into the separation and synthesis of psychic opposites in alchemy. Second edition. Trans. by R. F. C. Hull. (Bollingen series, 20.) xix + 702 pp., bibl., index. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1970. 593

MARWICK, MAX (ed.) Witchcraft and sorcery; selected readings. 416 pp., bibl. Harmondsworth, Eng.; Baltimore, Md.: Penguin, 1970. $1.95. 594

PLOSS, EMIL ERNST (et al.) Alchimia, Ideologie und Technologie. 227 pp., illus., colored plts., bibl., index. Munich: Moos, 1970. DM 87. The joint authors are Heinz Roosen-Runge, Heinrich Schipperges, & Herwig Buntz. 595

RUSKA, JULIUS F. Turba philosophorum. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Alchemie. (Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Medizin, 1.) x + 368 pp. Berlin: Springer, 1970. DM 96. Reprint of the 1931 edition. 596

SADOUL, JACQUES. Le tresor des alchimistes. 341 pp., illus., bibl. Paris: tditions Publications Premieres, 1970. F 24. 597

SHEPPARD, H. J. Alchemy: Origin or origins? Ambix, 1970,17:69-84. "In review, it would appear. . . safe to presume an independent origin for Hellenistic alchemy; as to Indian and Chinese alchemies, though there must have been reciprocal influences at work from around the beginning of the first century A.D. (approximately), following the spread of Buddhism, it seems likely that the existence of similar primitive ideas in widely separated regions allows of the rise of what one might tern a 'proto-alchemy' in these regions, without any external influences." 598

The TURBA PHILOSOPHORUM, or, Assembly of the sages, called also the book of truth in the art and the third Pythagorical synod. An ancient alchemical treatise trans. from the Latin, the chief readings of the shorter codex, parallels from the Greek alchemists, and explanations of obscure terms, by Arthur Edward Waite. iv + 211 pp. New York: Weiser, 1970. $8.50. Facsimile reprint of the 1896 edition. 599



28. Pseudo-Sciences 31. Ancient Near East: Exact Sciences 51

WIRTH, OSWALD. Le symbolisme herm6tique dans ses rapports avec l'alchimie et la franc-maionnerie. iv + 224 pp., illus. Paris: Dervy-Livres, 1969. 600

HS 29. DISCIPLINES ANCILLARY TO THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE (histories of archaeology, linguistics, etc.)

D. CHRONOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATIONS

HS30. PREHISTORY AND PRIMIT1VE SOCIETIES (all early civilizations for which there are no special categories)

BETANCOURT, PHILIP P. The Maikop copper tools and their relationship to Cretan metallurgy. Am. J. Archaeol., 1970, 74:351-358. "While the early development of Cretan metallurgy is still imperfectly understood, recent research has brought this aspect of the Aegean Bronze Age more clearly in focus. An examination of the Caucasus material in the light of this fresh information leads to a reinterpretation of the relationship between Maikop and Crete. It suggests a new possibility about the diffusion of Mesopotamian metalworking techniques and casts new light on the origins of Aegean metallurgy." 601

SAMBEL, HALET; ROBERT J. BRAIDWOOD. An early farming village in Turkey. Scient, Am., 1970, 222(3):5 1-56. " aybniu Tepesi, a site in a little-studied part of Asia Minor, adds to the growing record of man's agricultural origins. Also, revealed there is the earliest evidence of man's use of metal." 602

CHOWDHURY, K. A. Wood and its use during pre- and proto-historic time. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, S: 141-143. Evidence for man's utilization of wood exists only from the New Stone Age, but the sophisticated ways wood was utilized indicate that it had already been in use for a long time. 603

GILLESPIE, ALAN R. Stonehenge and the Piri Re'is map. Navigation, 1970, 1 7:122-123. "There is a method whereby ancient navigators and map- makers could have measured longitude accurately in remote parts of the world. Not only could they have done so, but there is convincing evidence that they actually did so. This seems to imply that civilization was unified on a world-wide basis from its early beginnings." From the abstract. 604

HAWKES, JACQUETTA G. The origins of agriculture. Econ. Bot., 1970,24:131-133. "In this paper I have been interested in trying to solve the problem of how agriculture arose, for the agricultural revolution has undoubtedly been one of the most important steps in the history of mankind-as important as the technological revolution of fairly recent times and the discovery of fire and the use of tools in epochs even more remote than the discovery of agriculture itself." 605

HOOIJER, C. R. Indonesian pre-historic tools. A catalogue of the Houbolt collection. (Studies in South Asian culture, 2.) vii + 56 pp., plts. Leiden: Brill, 1969. 606

JETTMAR, KARL. Metallurgy in the early Steppes. Am. J. Archaeol., 1970, 74:229-230. "The results [in terms of age, metallurgical processes and composition, and sources] obtained from analyses of copper and bronze implements for the origin and diffusion of metalwork in some parts of the Old World in the 4th to 2nd millenium B. C. will be briefly summarized here." 607

MULLER, ROLF. Der Himmel uber dem Menschen der Steinzeit: Astronomie und Mathematik in den Bauten der Megalithkulturen. (Verstandliche Wissenschaft, 106.) viii + 153 pp., illus., bibl. Berlin: Springer, 1970. DM 7.80. 608

NEUFELD, EDWARD. Hygiene conditions in ancient Israel (Iron Age). J. Hist. Med., 1970, 2S:414437. "The chief range of the inquiry is confined to the period of the Early and Middle Iron Age of the Near East, which roughly covers the 12th to early 6th centuries B. C. The main sources of information come from textual materials of the Bible itself, archeological findings, and labors of previous scholars." 609

WARREN, C. P. W. Some aspects of medicine in the Greek Bronze age.Med. Hist., 1970, 14:364-377. "Knowledge of medicine in the Greek Bronze age [2800 B.C.-730 B.C.] depended on the study of Homer until this century, when work in the fields of archaeology and philology provided more facts. This work has shown that this early Greek medicine had much in common with that of its contemporary Near Eastern civilizations. It does not give any indication of the later developments in Greece which were to take medicine to a much higher level than that practised in Egypt and Mesopotamia." 610

HS 31. ANCIENT NEAR EAST

a. General histories and histories of science

b. The exact sciences (pure mathematics, optics, astronomy and astrology, music, theoretical mechanics, experimental physical sciences)

GILLINGS, R. J.; W. J. A. RIGG. The area of a circle in ancient Egypt. Aust. J. Sci., 1969, 32:197-200. 611



52 31. Ancient Near East: Exact Sciences 32. Classical Antiquity: General

GOETSCH, HANS A. Die Algebra der Babylonier. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1968, S:79-153. This citation corrects CB94, no. 991, where this paper was incorrectly attributed to B. L. van der Waerden. 612

PARKER, RICHARD A. The beginning of the lunar month in ancient Egypt. J. Near East. Stud., 1970, 29:217-220. Answers objections raised by John G. Read in his paper 'Early 18th Dynasty chronology", J. Near East. Stud., 1970,29:1-11. 613

RABINOVITCH, NACHUM L. "Berossos the Chaldean." Isis, 1969, 60:547. A passage in the Pesahim of the Babylonian Talmud corroborates views in Stephen Toulmin "The astrophysics of Berossos the Chaldean", Isis, 1967, 58:65-76. 614

READ, JOHN G. Early 18th Dynasty chronology. J. Near East. Stud., 1970, 29: 1-1 1. Discusses Egyptian astronomical dating and lunar calendars in establishing a revised chronology for the 18th Dynasty. See the reply to this paper by Richard A. Parker, J. Near East. Stud., 1970, 29:217-220. 615

VOGEL, KURT. Die Grundlagen der agyptischen Arithmetik, in ihrem Zusammenhang mit der 2:n-Tabelle des Papyrus Rhind. 211 pp., bibl. Wiesbaden: Sandig, 1970. Reprint of the author's thesis, Munich, 1929. 616

c. Natural history (zoology, botany, mineralogy, meteorology, geology, etc.)

GAMER-WALLERT, INGRID. Fische und Fischkulte in alten Agypten. (Agyptologische Abhandlungen, 21.) vii + 141 pp., 16 plts. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1970. DM 66. 617

d. Pseudo-science and experiment (natural magic, compendia of experiments, alchemy)

e. Technology, travel, exploration, and geography

PANKHURST, RICHARD. A preliminary history of Ethiopian measures, weights, and values. Part 1. J. Ethiop. Stud., 1969, 7:31-54. 618

? Medicine and health

BIGGS, ROBERT. Medicine in ancient Mesopotamia. Hist. Sci., 1969,8:94-105. "In summary, it must be said that the study of Mesopotamian medicine has, in general, been concerned with separate textual problems considered in isolation ... Serious study of Babylonian medicine can no longer be undertaken solely on the basis of the ancient written sources, but must utilize all the advances of the physical and social sciences in order to provide a background against which the texts can be studied." 619

HS32. SCIENCE AND LEARNING IN CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY AND THE ANCIENT WORLD IN GENERAL (chiefly Greco-Roman to c. A.D. SQO)

a. General histories and histories of science of the period (includes biographies, the items under B, philosophy, natural philosophy, and theological writings relating to scientific problems)

ADKINS, ARTHUR W. H. From the many to the one: A study of personality and views of human nature in the context of ancient Greek society, values and beliefs. xv + 312 pp., bibl., index. London: Constable; Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Pr., 1970. 70s. 620

AUJAC, GERMAINE. Sur une definition d'Apeth. RevueEtud. Grec., 1969,82:390403. "On trouve chez Strabon, ce geographe a pretentions philosophiques qui se reclame a tout moment du Stoicisme, une curieuse d6fsnition du terme 'aper4 qui ne semble guere avoir retenu l'attention; elle meriterait mieux pourtant que la rapide mention qu'en fait K. Reinhardt, l'attribuant a Posidonios. Cette definition paralt en effet importante a un double point de vue: d'une part, elle permet d'expliquer en partie certains usages du mot 'ap-er ou de son equivalent latin 'virtus' qui peuvent paraitre insolites de prime abord; d'autre part, dans son libelle tres elabore, que Strabon a dfi emprunter, elle nous aide a jeter un peu plus de clart6 sur un moment mal connu de la pensee stoicienne."

621

BICKNELL, PETER J. Democritus' theory of precognition. Revue Etud. Grec., 1969, 82:318-326. Discussion of the "eidola" of Democritus, tenuous, vaporous, insubstantial physical creatures which "appear to, and communicate with, mankind and according to their disposition do them good or ill; also they foretell the future. The most crucial questions are surely in what circumstances are they supposed to appear and in what way do they obtain that knowledge of future events which, so Democritus held, they were able to communicate to their listeners". 622



32. ClassicalAntiquity: General 53

BOURGEY, LOUIS. La doctrine epicurienne sur le r5le de la sensation dans la connaissance et la tradition grecque. Pp. 252-258 in Actes du VIIIe Congr&s Association Guillaume Budd. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1969. 623

DAVIES, COLIN. Anaximander of Miletus. Hist. Today, 1970,20:263-269. The author describes Anaximander's production of the first map of the known world and his and Anaximenes' development of Thales' cosmology. 624

DAVIES, COLIN. Thales of Miletus: The beginnings of Greek thought. Hist. Today, 1970, 20:86-93. 625

DE LEY, HERMAN. A note on Aristotle, De anima, A.3, 406b 1.3. Class Q., 1970, 20:92-94. "In conclusion I offer the following translation: 'Now, the body moves by locomotion; so the soul as well must be able to change its place throughout the body, whether in moving as a whole or in its parts.'" 626

DRUMMOND, JAMES. Philo Judaeus, or the Jewish- Alexandrian philosophy in its development and completion. With introductory chapters on Greek philosophy and the blending of Hellenism and Judaism till the time of Philo. With critical notes and indexes of subjects and names and of references to passages in Philo. x + 359 + 355 pp., index. Amsterdam: Philo Pr., 1969. Facsimile reprint of the London 1888 edition. 627

EFFE, BERND. Studien zur Kosmologie und Theologie der Aristotelischen Schrift "1ber die Philosophie". (Zetemata; Monographien zur klassischen Altertumswissenschaft, 50.) viii + 174 pp., bibl. Munich: Beck, 1970. 628

FURLEY, DAVID J.; R. E. ALLEN (eds.) Studies in Presocratic philosophy, Vol. I: The beginnings of philosophy. x + 429 pp. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul; New York: Humanities Pr., 1970. A collection of previously published papers. Contents: H. F. Cherniss: The characteristics and effects of Presocratic philosophy. F. M. Cornford: Was the Ionian philosophy scientific? Gregory Vlastos: Review of F. M. Cornford: Principium sapientiae. Gregory Vlastos: Equality and justice in early Greek cosmologies. Gregory Vlastos: Theology and philosophy in early Greek thought. Sir Karl Popper: Back to the Presocratics. G. S. Kirk: Popper on science and the Presocratics. J. B. McDiarmid* Theophrastus on the Presocratic causes. W. K. C. Guthrie: Aristotle as historian. G. E. R. Lloyd: Hot and cold, dry and wet in early Greek thought. Uvo Holscher: Anaximander and the beginnings of Greek philosophy. G. S. Kirk: Some problems in Anaximander. W. A. Heidel: The Pythagoreans and Greek mathematics. Kurt von Fritz: The discovery of incommensurability by Hippasus of Metapontum. Gregory Vlastos: On Heraclitus. 629

GATZEMEIER, MATTHIAS. Die Naturphilosophie des Straton von Lampsakos. Zur Geschichte des Problems der Bewegung im Bereich des friuhen Peripatos. (Monographien zur Naturphilozophie, 10.) 186 pp., bibl., index. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970. DM 32.50. 630

HEIDEGGER, MARTIN; EUGEN FINK. Heraklit. Seminar Wintersemester, 1966/1967. 261 pp. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann, 1970. DM 28.50. 631

HERSHBELL, JACKSON P. Hesiod and Empedocles. Class. J., 1970, 65:145-161. "Empedocles' originality and importance, especially in the development of the later doctrine of the four elements, has not been denied. Nor has it been maintained that he took this or other theories wholesale from Hesiod. No doubt the origins of the four elements can be found in the latter's poems. What Empedocles did was to borrow the language of Hesiod, e.g., that of 'roots', as well as some conceptions of Hesiod, notably Love and Strife, reinterpret and develop them to a point where a reasonably coherent and complete picture of the universe could be drawn, a picture largely divested of the theological apparatus of the epic tradition." 632

LEFEVRE, CHARLES. Travaux interessant l'aristotelisme. Revue Phil. Louvain, 1970, 68:79-94, 242-259. Essay review of recent works. 633

LEGRAND, GERARD. La pens6e des presocratiques. 169 pp., bibl. Paris: Bordas, 1970. F 10. 634

LERNER, MICHEL-PIERRE. Recherches sur la notion de finalite chez Aristote. (Publications de la Faculte des lettres et sciences humaines de Paris- Sorbonne, 47.) 214 pp., bibl., index. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1969. 635

MOVIA, GIANCARLO. Alessandro di Afrodisia: Tra naturalismo e misticismo. (Universita di Padova. Pubblicazioni dell'Istituto di Storia della Filosofia e del Centro per Richerche di Filosofia Medioevale, 8.) 91 pp. Padua: Antenore, 1970. 636

PHALET, A. Het ontstaan van het bewijs in het Griekse denken. Pp. 269-289 in Anamnhcic gedenkboek prof. dr. E. A. Leemans. Brugge: De Tempel, 1970. 637

I PRESOCRATIC: Testimonianze e frammenti. 2vols.;xxvii+ 1149 pp. Bari: Laterza, 1969. Collection of Italian translations of presocratic texts. 638

RAMNOUX, CLEMENCE. Etudes presocratiques. Preface de Jean Wahl. (Publications de la Faculte des lettres et sciences humaines de Paris-Nanterre, 4.) 299 pp. Paris: Klincksieck, 1970. 639

RANDALL, JOHN HERMAN, JR. Plato, dramatist of the life of reason. xiv + 274 pp., index. New York: Columbia Univ. Pr., 1970. $7.50. 640



54 32. ClassicalAntiquity: General, Exact Sciences

ROBERTS, LOUIS. A concordance of Lucretius. iii + 351 pp. Berkeley: [Univ. California Dept. of Classicsl, 1968. 641

ROBINSON, T. M. Plato's psychology. ix + 202 pp., bibl. Toronto: Univ. Toronto Pr., 1970. $6.50. 642

SCHUHL, PIERRE-MAXIME. Espace et temps selon les peuples et les philosophes. Ire partie: Espace et temps dans la cite, la litterature et les mythes grecs. Revue Synth., 1970, 91:69-106. A discussion, directed by Schuhl, between Marcel Detienne, J. Duchemin, and Jean P6pin. 643

SMIGELSKIS, DAVID J. The problematic of Aristotle's metaphysical inquiry. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:3507-A. Dissertation at Yale Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2807. 256 pp. $3.30. "These principles [found in the Metaphysics] have important consequences for the existence and character of science seen as multiple autonomous inquiries which can state changeless truths about changing things." 644

SOKOLOWSKI, ROBERT. Matter, elements and substances in Aristotle. J. Hist. Phil., 1970, 8:263-288. 645

STEKLA, HERBERT. Der regressu ad infinitum bei Aristoteles. (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift fir philosophische Forschung, 22.) x + 83 pp., bibl. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970. 646

b. The exact sciences (pure mathematics, optics, astronomy and astrology, music, theoretical mechanics, etc.)

ALEXANDERSON, BENGT. Textual remarks on Ptolemy's Harmonica and Porphyry's Commentary. (Studia Graeca et Latina Gothoburgensia, 27.) 64 pp. Goteborg: Universitet, 1969. Skr 12. 647

ALLEN, R. E. The generation of numbers in Plato's Parmenides. Class. Philol., 1970, 65:30-34. 648

ARCHIMEDES. Archimede, tome premier: De la sphere et du cylindre, La mesure du cercle, Sur les conoides et les spheroides.Texte 6tabli et trad. par Charles Mugler. xxxi + 258 double pages. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1970. Text in French and Greek on facing pages. 649

ARISTOTLE. Aristotle's Physics. Books 1 and 2. Trans. with intro. and notes by W. Charlton. xvii + 151 pp., bibl., index. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 40s. 650

BEER, ARTHUR. Hartner and the riddle of the Golden Horns. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:139-143. An essay review of Willy Hartner, Die Goldh6rner von Gallehus (Wiesbaden, 1969). 651

BERGSON, HENRI. Aristotle's concept of place. Stud. Phil. Hist. Phil., 1970, 5:12-72. A translation of Bergson's Latin thesis Quid Aristoteles de loco senserit (1889). "In Book IV of his Physics Aristotle discusses certain rather obscure problems regarding place but he nowhere speaks clearly and in detail of what we mean by space. Hence it will be worth the effort to give a literal exposition, if we can do so, of the very difficult doctrine contained in that book. In this way we may extract from it a definition of place in order to reveal the hidden thought and series of arguments that led Aristotle to a doctrine in which, by substituting place for space, he seemingly avoids rather than settles disputes which, in our opinion, refer above all to space." 652

BICKNELL, PETER J. Anaximenes' astronomy. Acta Classica, 1969, 12:53-58. "In the following paper I have attempted to deal comprehensively with the astronomical theories of Anaximenes. I hope to show that these are less naive and inconsistent than would appear from many previous over- brief and piecemeal treatments. I argue, or rather reargue, that Anaximenes postulated two kinds of celestial body; the fixed stars attached to a solid heaven and the floating air-borne sun, moon and planets. The floating luminaries, as Zeller rightly saw, were composite, consisting of a mineral core and a fiery coating. Apropos of discussion of these topics I make a new suggestion as to Anaximenes' account of eclipses. Next are considered Anaximenes' views concerning stellar and planetary formation. Finally, I deal with the shape of the Anaximenean universe and the obliquity of his earth to the celestial equator." 653

BICKNELL, PETER J. A note on Xenophanes' astrophysics. Acta Classica, 1967, 10:135-136. 654

DELSEDIME, PIERO. L'infini numerique dans l'Ar6naire d'Archimede. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:345-359. "En conclusion, nous croyons pouvoir dire que l'Ar6naire, comme tentative de d6montrer clairement 'infinit6 potentielle de l'ensemble des nombres naturels, est d'une part une r6ponse, 'a l'interieur m8me du dialoque qu'Archimede entretient avec la pensee aristot6licienne, aux restrictions qu'Aristote m8me avait mises a l'infini mathematique, tandis que, d'autre part, il r6pond a la n6cessit6 d'adapter la notation num6rique a l'idee de l'infinit6 potentielle de l'ensemble des nombres naturels."

655

DICKS, D. R. Early Greek astronomy to Aristotle. 272 pp., illus,, index. London: Thames & Hudson; Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Pr., 1970. 50s. 656

EKRUTT, JOACHIM W. Die Mond theorie des Claudius Ptolemaus. Sterne, 1969, 45:191-198. 657



32. ClassicalAntiquity: Exact Sciences 55

EUCLID. Euclidis elementa. Vol. I: Libri I-IV cum appendicibus. Vol. II: Libri V-IX cum appendice. Post I. L. Heiberg. Edidit E. S. Stamatis. (Bibliotheca scriptorum graecorum et romanorum Teubneriana.) 2 vols.; xlii .+ 190 pp.; viii + 239 pp., Leipzig: Teubner, 1969-1970. DM 27; DM 30.50. 658

EVANS, GODFREY. The astronomy of Heracleides Ponticus. Class. Q., 1970, 20:102-1 11. Heracleides Ponticus (c. 390-310 B.C.) is ruled out as the source for Theon's theory that Venus and Mercury orbit the sun. 659

GAIN, D. B. Gerbert and Manilius. Latomus, 1970, 29:128-132. "There are five books of the Astronomica of Manilius extant, but I believe the poem originally contained more. In the following article I will endeavour to show: 1) That there is a book or books lost between Book 4 and the book now called 'Book 5'. 2) Gerbert, afterwards Pope Sylvester II, refers to eight books of the Astronomica of Manilius." 660

GORGEMANNS, HERWIG. Untersuchungen zu Plutarchs DialogDe facie in orbe lunae. 167 pp., bibl., index. Heidelberg: Winter, 1970. DM 34. 661

HARGREAVE, D. Reconstructing the planetary motions of the Eudoxean system. Scr. Math. (N.Y.), 1970, 28:335-345. "In this paper the planetary motions of the Eudoxean system are completely reconstructed using elementary projective geometry. It is hoped that the method of approach will enable those interested in the history of astronomy to better visualize these motions. Although it is not claimed that Eudoxus used this approach, the technique is elementary and certainly not beyond the capabilities of the day." 662

HARRY, BRIGID. Epicurus: Some problems in physics and perception. Greece Rome, 1970, 17:58-63. Epicurus' statements that: "1) as long as lights are visible they do not vary greatly in apparent size from their actual sizes; 2) A square tower at a distance appears circular, i.e. from a distance outlines and angles are softened and may be confused; 3) A coloured object begins to lose its colour at a fairly small distance, before its size is appreciably diminished," may vary with fact, but they are an accurate description of what Epicurus saw for he may have been slightly myopic without realizing it. 663

HUSCHKE, PHILIPP EDUARD. Das alte romische Jahr und seine Tage. Eine chronologisch- rechtsgeschichtliche Untersuchung in zwei Buchem. x + 380 pp. Wiesbaden: Sandig, 1970. Reprint of the 1869 edition. 664

ISNARDI-PARENTE, MARGHERITA. Physis et techne dans quelques textes epicuriens. Pp. 263-271 in Actes du VIIIe Congres Association Guillaume Bude. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1969. 665

JENSEN, CLAUS. Identification of a tract in an Arabic manuscript: Eratosthenes on two mean proportionals. Isis, 1970, 61:111. 666

JENSEN, JENS JUHL. An outline of Vergil's mathematical technique. Symbolae Osloenses, 1970,45:113-117. 667

JENSEN, JENS JUHL. The secret art of Horace. ClassicaMediaevalia, 1966 (pub. 1969), 27:208-215. Horace's use of mathematics in his poetry. 668

KOCH, HANS. "Mathematische", symmetrische und rhythmische Komposition im 1. Buch der Aeneis. Symbolae Osloenses, 1970,45:74-112. 669

KOSMAN, L. A. Aristotle's definition of motion. Phronesis, 1969, 14:40-62. 670

KRAFFT, FRITZ. Dynamische und statische Betrachungsweise in der antiken Mechanik. (Boethius, 10.) xvi + 180 pp., index. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. DM 56. 671

KURIBAYASHI, KEN. On the development of the idea of "air" in Anaximenes. (In Japanese.) KagakusiKenkyu-, 1969,8:155-164. 672

LASSERRE, FRANSOIS. Un fragment d'Heraclite oublie.Antiq. Class., 1970,39:35-40. Concerning the movement of the stars. 673

MERLAN, PHILIP. L'univers discontinu d'Epicure. Trad. de I'anglais. Pp. 258-263 in Actes du VIIIe Congrs Association Guillaume Bude. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1969. 674

MOREAU, JOSEPH. Epicure et la physique des dieux. Revue Ltud. Anciennes, 1968, 70:286-294. 675

MORROW, GLENN R. Plato and the mathematicians: An interpretation of Socrates' dream in the Theaetetus (201e-206c). Philosophical Rev., 1970, 79:309-333. 676

MORTLEY, RAOUL J. Plato's choice of the sphere. Revue Etud. Grec., 1969,82:342-345. Interpretation of Timaeus 32c-34b, giving Plato's reasons for choosing a sphere for the shape of the cosmos. 677



56 32. Classical Antiquity: Exact Sciences, Natural History

MUELLER, IAN. Aristotle on geometrical objects. Arch. Gesch. Phil., 1970,52:156-171. "Aristotle starts from the Platonic notion of geometry as the study of forms and from the intuitive character of Greek geometry. The former leads him to the idea of a geometry as the study of universals, an idea most fully embodied in the Posterior Analytics. The latter leads him to the idea of geometry as the study of objects which result from the combination of geometric properties and intelligible matter. The problem is to reconcile these two ideas." 678

POPPER, KARL R. Plato, Timaeus 54E-55A. Class. Rev., 1970,22:4-5. Interpretation of a sentence in the Timaeus which describes the oldest stereometric construction. 679

PROCLUS. A commentary on the first book of Euclid's Elements. Trans. with intro. and notes by Glenn R. Morrow. xlvi + 355 pp., index. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1970. $13.50. 680

RAIK, ANNA E. Ocherki po istorii matematiki v drevnosti. (Essays on the history of mathematics in antiquity.) 349 pp., illus., bibl. Saransk: Mordovskoe Knizhnoe Izd-vo., 1967. 681

ROCHOT, BERNARD. Espace et temps chez Epicure et Gassendi. Pp. 707-715 in Actes du VIIIe Congres Assoctation Guillaume Bude. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1969. 682

SALTZER, WALTER. Zum Problem der inneren Planeten in der vorptolemaischen Theorie. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:141-172. Deals particularly with Plato, Proclus, Theon of Smyrna, and Chalcidius. 683

SAMBURSKY, SAMUEL. Phanomen und Theorie: Das physikalische Denken der Antike im Licht der modernen Physik. Eranos- Jahrb., 1966 (pub. 1967), 35:303-348. 684

SIEGEL, RUDOLPH E. Principles and contradictions of Galen's doctrine of vision. Sudhoffs Arch, 1970, 54:261-276. "Scientific doctrines of past centuries should be discussed from different viewpoints. We can stress the discovery of new facts or the formation of new concepts; we also can point at errors of past doctrines. These errors usually have two sources: They result from erroneous interpretation of observations and experiments; or they arise from epistemiological difficulties... This paper will discuss these problems in regard to Galen's doctrine of vision." 685

SMEUR, A. J. E. M. On the value equivalent to iT in ancient mathematical texts. A new interpretation. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:249-270. "Starting with a decidedly faulty interpretation by M. Cantor of some medieval texts, from which he came to value ir = 4, we have made a distinction between lrl for the calculation of the circumference of a circle, 7T2 for the calculation of the area of a circle, and Ir3 for the calculation of the volume of a sphere. To presume that those constants always have been known to be identical and so to speak of it without any comment, sometimes leads to an interpretation which is definitely false, while in other cases it is needless or reprehensible. With the distinction between its , 7t2, 7t3, however, we have been able to regard several existing conceptions with more nuances. But, of course, we must observe, or we have to assume, that this distinction has sense only for texts whose authors we are sure were not familiar with Archimedes." 686

TSUKADA, OSAMU. Archimedes' calculation of 7T. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967, 6:195-199. 687


ARISTOTLE. Historia animalium. Vol. II. Books IV-VI. With an English trans. by A. L. Peck. viii + 414 pp. London: Heinemann, 1970. 25s. 688

BALME, D. M. Aristotle and the beginnings of zoology. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970,5:272-285. A brief survey that places Aristotle against the background of his predecessors, who viewed biology as a part of cosmology, and in opposition to the materialism of the Epicureans. 689

BARRET, ANTHONY A. The catalogue of trees in the Culex. Class. World, 1970, 63:230-232. This Latin poem lists hierarchically 11 kinds of trees in a sacred wood. 690

BUCHHOLZ, EDUARD. Homerische Kosmographie und Geographie. xvi + 392 pp., index. Wiesbaden: Sandig, 1970. DM 56. Reprint of the 1871 edition. 691

CLAY, DISKIN. De rerum natura: Greek physis and Epicurean physiologia (Lucretius 1. 1148). Trans. Proc. Am. Philol. Ass., 1969,100:31-47. 692

FEINBERG, LAWRENCE. The tetrax in Atheneus. Greek Roman Byzantine Stud., 1970, 11:129-136. Attempts to identify the bird that Atheneus called the tetrax.

693



32. ClassicalAntiquity: Natural History-Technology 57

KOSTARAS, GRIGORIOS PH. Der Begriff des Lebens bei Plotin. 147 pp., bibl. Hamburg: Meiner, 1969. 694

KURIBAYASHI, KEN. The biological character of Anaximenes' cosmology. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:151-161. "This article is intended to show how the difficulties in Anaximenes' cosmology may be diminshed if it is assumed that his cosmos was a living creature breathing air." From the English summary. 695

LABARRE, ALBERT. Sur une Edition parisienne de Pline l'Ancien (1524-1545). Gutenberg-Jahrb., 1969:114-116. Concerning an edition of the Historia naturalis printed in Paris by Jean Mace in 1541. 696

LOUIS, PIERRE. La domestication des animaux A l'6poque d'Aristote. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:189-201. 697

Lt)TH, JOHANN CHRISTOPH. Die Struktur des Wirklichen im empedokleischen System "Ober die Natur". (Monographien zur philosophischen Forschung, 61.) 176 pp., bibl. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970. DM 28.80. 698

MURR, JOSEF. Die Pflanzenwelt in der griechischen Mythologie. viii + 324 pp. Groningen: Bouma, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the Innsbruck 1890 edition. 699

PREUS, ANTHONY. Science and philosophy in Aristotle's Generation of animals. J. Hist. Biol., 1970,3:1-52. "In the Generation of animals, Aristotle tries to solve a group of problems which are central both for biology and for Aristotle's philosophical system. The biologist supposes that he has made some progress toward the understanding of life if he has understood how a new life begins; Aristotle shares this concem with origins, and the explanation of animal generation also has metaphysical importance for him. Individual animals are among his paradigm cases of 'entities' (ousiai); if his metaphysical system (which depends so much upon the concept of an entity) is to be validated, then the generation of an entity must be explicable within that system." 700

ROLLER, DUANE W. Gaius Memmius: Patron of Lucretius. Class. Philol., 1970, 65:246-248. "In this note I should like to suggest the function that Memmius may have played in the composition of De rerum natura and in the mind of Lucretius." 701

SADLER, J. D. Horticultural classics. Class. J., 1970, 65:267-269. The author defines many Latin words, compounds and affixes used in horitcultural terminology. 702

SAUVAGE, ANDRE. Les insectes dans la poesie romaine. Latomus, 1970, 29:269-296. 703

SCHUHL, PIERRE-MAXIME. Plotin et la biologie. Revue Phil. Fr. ?tran., 1970, 160:77-78. 704

SENCHENKOVA, E. M. Predstavleniia drevnikh o pitanii rastenii, do poiavleniia pervykh botanicheskikh sochinenii. (Ideas of the ancients on the nutrition of plants, prior to the first botanical works.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:42-45. 705

d. Pseudo-science and experiment (natural mwgic, compendia of experiments, alchemy)

LINDSAY, JACK. The origins of alchemy in Graeco- Roman Egypt. xii + 452 pp., illus., bibl., index. London: Muller; New York: Barnes and Noble, 1970. 65s. 706


COPPERS, HEINZ. Die Trierer Romerbrucken. (Trierer Grabungen und Forschungen, 5.) xv + 224 pp., illus., index. Mainz am Rhein: von Zabern, 1969. 707

FINLEY, M. I. Metals in the ancient world. J. R. Soc. Arts, 1970, 118:597-607. "I have embarked on this long mythological introduction because we do not often enough stress the capital point that it was the Greeks, and following in their tradition the Romans, who for the first time, at least in western culture, appreciated that technology is a serious subject for discussion, a subject with a history, with social and ideological implications, and with an underlying ambiguity." 708

GERMAN, AMBROSE. On GeorgicsI. Class. J., 1970, 65:263-266. The author describes Vergil's thorough and accurate description of Roman farming practice. 709

HODGES, HENRY. Technology in the ancient world. With drawings by Judith Newcomer. xvi + 287 + x pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Knopf; London: Allen Lane, 1970. $10. 710



58 32. ClassicalAntiquity: Technology, Medicine

KAHN, ARTHUR D. "Every art possessed by man comes from Prometheus." The Greek tragedians and science and technology. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:133-162. "Fortunately, works of three of the world's greatest tragedians ... provide a sense of how it felt to live in that time and how, during the three successive but overlapping generations which they represent, attitudes toward this (scientific and technological] revolution evolved. Aeschylus, the eldest, reflects the initial confidence inspired by a spate of extraordinary successes; Sophocles exemplifies the Tneasured and cautious attitude of the following generation; and Euripedes, the doubt and pessimism of intellectuals during the last third of the century in face of the increasing exploitation of the new technology by militarists and profiteers in wars of conquest and plunder." 711

MATTHEWS, LESLIE G. Harvesting by the Gauls: The forerunner of the combine harvester. Agnc. Hist. Rev., 1970, 18:52-53. A note on a large fragment of a sculpture of the Gallo-Roman period discovered in 1958 not far from Virton, Belgium depicting "a wheeled implement, carrying knives or pointed blades of a sort, a workman lifting material with a rod, faced by an animal that might be a donkey standing between the shafts of a wheeled contrivance". 712

SMITH, NORMAN A. F. The Roman dams of Subiaco. TechnoloSy Cult., 1970, 11:58-68. "Although the Romans are famous for their aqueducts, bridges, roads, harbors, and public buildings, their dam- building achievements have received much less attention, despite the fact that they were as competent in this branch of civil engineering as in the others. The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the highest dam they built-the dam at Subiaco. . ."

713

TILLEY, A. F. The ship of Odysseus. Antiquity, 1970,44:100-104. Compares the existing boats of the Mediterranean with ancient representations of oared craft.

714

WHITE, K. D. Roman farming. 536 pp., illus., maps, plans. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Univ. Pr., 1970. $12.50. 715

WILD, JOHN P. Textile manufacture in the northern Roman provinces. xxii + 190 pp., illus., bibl. London: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. 65s. 716

f. Medicine and health

ALEXANDERSON, BENGT. Textkritischer Kommentar zum hippokratischen Prognostikon und Bemerkungen zu Galens Prognostikonkommentar. (Studia Graeca et Latina Gothoburgensia, 25.) 53 pp., bibl. Goteborg: Universitetet, 1968. Skr 10. 717

BACCOU, ROBERT. Hippocrate. Presentation, choix de textes, bibliographie ... Pref. du Marcel Sendrail. (Savants du monde entier, 39.) 180 pp., illus. Paris: Seghers, 1969. F 9.50. 718

BALLESTER, LUIS GARCfA. La "psique" en el somaticismo medico de la antiguedad: La actitud de Galeno. Un aspecto de la polemica ciencia-creencia en la medicina helen?stica. Episteme, 1969, 3:195-209. 719

DAVIES, R. W. Some Roman medicine. Med. Hist., 1970,14:101-106. "It has long been recognized that in the Roman Empire great advances were made in medical knowledge, and that the best organized medical system in the ancient world was that of the Roman armed forces ... New [archaeological] fmds confirm the high degree of medical and pharmaceutical knowledge." 720

DIOSCORIDES, PEDANIUS. Arzneimittellehre. tbers. und mit Erklarungen von Julius Berendes. viii + 572 pp. Wiesbaden: Sandig, 1970. DM 88. Reprint of the Stuttgart 1902 edition. 721

JARCHO, SAUL. Galen's six non-naturals: A bibliographic note and translation. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:372-377. 722

JOUANNA, JACQUES. Le medecin Polybe est-il l'auteur de plusieurs ouvrages de la collection H-ippocratique? Revue htud. Grec., 1969, 82:552-562. 723

KUDLIEN, FRIDOLF. Medical ethics and popular ethics in Greece and Rome. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:91-121. 724

LAIN ENTRALGO, PEDRO. The therapy of the wor in classical antiquity. Ed. and trans. by L. J. Rather and John M. Sharp. xx + 253 pp., index. New Haver Yale Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. 725

LIEBER, ELINOR. Galen on contaminated cereals as cause of epidemics. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:332-345. 726

LITTMAN, ROBERT J.; M. L. LITTMAN. The Athenian plague: Smallpox. Trans. Proc. Am. Philol. Ass., 1969, 100:261-275. 727

MARTINELLI, V. Ippocrate-I1 II libro delle epidemie, sez V e VI (traduzione e commento). Riv. Stor. Med., 1970,14:51-59. 728



32. Classical Antiquity: Medicine 33.1 Middle Ages: General 59

MAY, MARGARET TALLMADGE. On translating Galen. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:168-176. 729

MC DANIEL, WALTON B. The moon, werewolves, and medicine. Perspect. Bi6l. Med., 1970, 13:155-167. A survey of Roman literature for anecdotes about disLases caused by the moon and cases of men turned into wolves by the moon. 730

MC LEOD, A. M. G. Physiology and medicine in a Greek novel: Achilles Tatius' Leucippe and Clitophon. J. Hellenic Stud., 1969, 89: 97-105. 731

NORENBERG, HEINZ-WERNER. Das Gottliche und die Natur in der Schrift uber die heilige Krankheit. 95 pp., bibl. Bonn: Habelt, 1968. DM 14. On Hippocrates' De morbo sacro. 732

ONGARO, GIUSEPPE. A proposito di una recente traduzione italiana del Liber medicinalis di Quinto Sereno Sammonico. Episteme, 1970,4:109-112. Concerning F. Lombardi, II "Liber medicinalis" di Quinto Sereno Samonico (Pisa, 1963). 733

PREISER, GERT. Uber die Sorgfaltspflicht der Arzte von Kos. Medizinhist. J., 1970, 5:1-9. 734

ROSSI, LINO. I1 corpo sanitario dell'armata Romana nel medio impero. Physis, 1969, 11:534-55 1. 735

SCARBOROUGH, JOHN. Diphilus of Siphnos and Hellenistic medical dietetics. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:194-201. "Diphilus' [dietary] medicine contrasted sharply with the anatomical or physiological approach of Herophilus and Erasistratus, but his medicine was more typical of his age." 736

SCARBOROUGH, JOHN. Romans and physicians. Class. J., 1970, 65:296-306. "In sum there were two sorts of physicians present in the Roman Empire. One was the philosopher-physician, who emerged from the Greek tradition of intellectual constructs, and who worked in the patterns set down by Greek and Hellenistic philosophy ... The other variety of physician can be likened to the 'barber-surgeon' of later time. This is the medicus so often mentioned in the inscriptions, who learned his trade from experience and who performed the. mundane tasks of everyday public practice." 737

SCARBOROUGH, JOHN. Thucydides, Greek medicine, and the plague at Athens: A summary of possibilities. Episteme, 1970,4:77-90. 738

SEGAL, CHARLES. Lucretius, epilepsy, and the Hippocratic On breaths. Class. Philol., 1970, 65:180-182. "It is obviously difficult . . . to assess the degree of indebtedness in the case of an author so original as Lucretius in his manner of expression. But the parallels accumulated here suggest that [a portion of De rerum naturam] may have been stimulated by the Hippocratic On breaths. If this is so, we have further evidence for Lucretius' extensive knowledge of Greek scientific writing." 739

SIEGEL, RUDOLPH E. Galen on sense perception: His doctrines, observations and experiments on vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch and pain, and their historical sources. xii + 216 pp., illus., bibl., index. Basel: Karger, 1970. $15.35. 740

SPALLICCI, ALDO. La medicina in Cicerone. 84 pp. Ravenna: Caber, 1968. L 800. 741

STROPPIANA, LUIGI. Spunti di pediatria nel Corpus Hippocraticum. Riv. Stor. Med., 1970, 14:77-95. 742

VOS, T. A. De betekenis van de hippokratische geschriften. Hermeneus, 1970,41:213-215. Lead article in a special issue devoted to Hippocrates. The other articles are: Herman DeLey: Demokritos en Hippokrates. De hippokratische voortplantingsleer. F van Hest: Over de heiligheid van de heilige ziekte. T. A. Vos: Ophthalmologie in de hippokratische geschriften. G. Vantilborgh: Ademhalingsstoornissen bij het kind in het Corpus hippocraticum. T. A. Vos: Decorum en diversen. 743

HS 33.1 MIDDLE AGES (Latin culture and Europe in general from c.A.D. 500 to c.1450)

a. General histories and histories of science (includes biographies, the topics under B, philosophy, natural philosophy, and theological writings relating to scientific problems)

AEGIDIUS ROMANUS. In libros priorum analyticorum expositio. 86 leaves, illus. Frankfurt: Minerva, 1968. 744

BLUND, JOHN. Tractatus de anima. Ed. by D. A. Callus and R. W. Hunt. (Auctores Britannici medii aevi, 2.) xxiv + 127 pp., index. London: published for the British Academy by Oxford Univ. Pr., 1970. ?5. 745

BRIDGES, JOHN H. The philosophy of William of Auvergne, with respect to 13th-century Aristotelianism. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4487-A. Dissertation at Emory Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-5735. 275 pp. $3.55. 746



60 33.1 Middle Ages: General

GIEBEN, SERVUS. Thomas Gascoigne and Robert Grosseteste: Historical and critical notes. Vivarium, 1970, 8:56-67. The author suggests that new light might be cast on Robert Grosseteste by considering a successor to Grosseteste as chancellor of Oxford University, Thomas Gascoigne (fl. 1434). The notes deal primarily with Grosseteste's biography and his exegetical writings. 747

HAMESSE, JACQUELINE. Liste des theses de doctorat concernant la philosophie medievale. Bull. Phil. M&div., 1966-67, 8-9:150-162. 748

HENDLEY, BRIAN. John of Salisbury and the problem of universals. J. Hist. Phil., 1970, 8:289-302. "It has been my contention that John of Salisbury makes an original contribution toward solving the problem of universals and that his view can be distinguished from those of his contemporaries and from the Aristotelian view developed in the Organon." 749

HORSKV, ZDENEK. Metodicke poznimky ke stargfm d6jinam pfirodnichv6d. (Methodological observations on the history of medieval science.) Dejiny V&d Tech., 1970,3:129-138. 750

JOANNES PHILOPONUS. Commentaire sur le De anima d'Aristote. Trad. de Guillaume de Moerbeke. Edition critique avec une intro. sur la psychologie de Philopon, par G. Verbeke . . . (Corpus latinum commentariorum in Aristotelem Graecorum, 3.) 169 pp. Louvain: Publications Universitaires; Paris: Nauwelaerts, 1966. F 54. 751

JOANNES SCOTUS, ERIGENA. Johannis Scotti Eriugenae Periphyseon (De divisione naturae). Liber primus. Ed. by I. P. Sheldon-Williams, with the collaboration of Ludwig Bieler. (Scriptores Latini Hiberniae, 7.) x + 269 pp., plt. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1968. Text in Latin and English. Foreword, introduction, and notes in English. 752

KOWALCZYK, MARIA. Krakowskie mowy Uniwersyteckie z pierwszej polowy XV wieku. (Cracow University speeches of the first half of the 15th century.) (Zklad historii nauki i techniki Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2r6dla do dziejow nauki i techniki, 8.) 201 pp., plts., bibl., index. Wroclaw: Ossolifiskich, 1970. The Jagiellonian Library manuscripts of 210 speeches listed and discussed in this work were either rectorial speeches, promotion speeches in the Faculties of Arts and Law, or funeral orations. They are valuable for the insight they give into the history of the University at a time for which there are relatively few documentary sources. 753

MICHALSKI, KONSTANTY. La philosophie au XIVe siacle. Six 6tudes. Hrsg. und eingeleitet von Kurt Flasch. (Opuscula philosophica, 1.) xv + 413 pp. Frankfurt am Main: Minerva, 1969. Contents: Les courants philosophiques a Oxford et a Paris pendant le XIVe siacle. Les sources du criticisme et du scepticisme dans la philosophie du XIVe siecle. Le criticisme et le scepticisme dans la philosophie du XIVe siecle. Les courants critiques et sceptiques dans la philosophie du XIVe siecle. La physique nouvelle et les diff6rents courants philosophiques au XIVe siecle. Le probleme de la volont6 a Oxford et a Paris au XIVe siecle.

754

MILONOV, IU. K. Entsiklopediia Vintsenta de Bove. (The Encyclopedia of Vincent de Beauvais.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970,31:75-80. 755

PACAUT, MARCEL. Guide de l'etudiant en histoire medi6vale. 167 pp., index. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1968. 756

PATTIN, ADRIAAN. Le De anima de Barthelemy de Bruges enfin retrouve? Bull. Phil. Mddi&v., 1966-67, 8-9:119-121. 757

PERNOUD, MARY ANNE SELL. Tradition and innovation in Ockham's theory of divine omni- potence: A study of possibility and singularity. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3506-A. Dissertation at St. Louis Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-1865. 249 pp. $3.25. 758

RAEDEMAEKER, JOZEF DE. Informations concernant quelques commentaires du De anima [d'Aristote] . Bull. Phil. Mediev., 1966-67, 8-9:87-110. 759

ROBINSON, T. M. Averroes, Moerbeke, Aquinas and a crux in the De anima. Mediaeval Stud., 1970, 32:340-344. 760

SCHWARZ, WILLI. Das Problem der Seinsverrmittlung bei Nikolaus von Cues. (Studien zur Problemges- chichte der antiken und mittelalterlichen Philosophie, 5.) xi + 308 pp., bibI. Leiden: Brill, 1970. Fl 55.75. 761

SWIEZAWSKI, STEFAN. Les debuts de l'aristotelisme chr6tien moderne. Organon (Warsaw) 1970, 7:175-194. 762

THEISEN, WILFRID R. The Monastic Manuscript Microfilm Library, Collegeville, Minnesota. Isis, 1970, 61:111-112. Describes St. John's project to microfilm all medieval (i.e. through the 16th century) manuscripts in European monastery libraries. 763



33.1 Middle Ages: General, Exact Sciences 61

THIRRY, ANNE. A propos de certaines commentaires medievaux du De anima d'Aristote. R'sultats de quelques recherches. Bull. Phil. M6didv., 1966-67, 8-9:63-87. 764

THIRRY, ANNE. Liste d'ouvrages concernant le Moyen Age dont on announce la reimpression. Bull. Phil. Mgdikv., 1966-67, 8-9:128-150. 765

THOMAS AQUINAS. Commentary on the Posterior analytics of Aristotle. Trans. by F. R. Larcher, with a pref. by James A. Weisheipl. xi + 241 pp. Albany, N.Y.: Magi, 1970. 766

VERHELST, MARTHE. La tradition manuscrite de Nic6phore Blemmyde (1197-1272). Bull. Phil. M6di6v., 1966-67, 8-9:111-118. Concerning his De anima. 767

b. The exact sciences (pure mathematics, optics, astronomy and astrology, music, theoretical mechanics, etc.)

BOETHIUS. Geometrie II: Ein mathematisches Lehrbuch des Mittelalters. [Hrsg.] von Menso Folkerts. (Boethius, 9.) xiii + 253 pp., 21 plts., index. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. DM 72. 768

EASTWOOD, BRUCE S. Metaphysical derivations of a law of refraction: Damianos and Grosseteste. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970,6:224-236. "Each seems to have made use of simple geometrical optics, overlaid with a Neoplatonic interest in the reality, physical and metaphysical, of mathematical entities. On these bases they laid down the earliest extant statements of a quantitative law of refraction." 769

EASTWOOD, BRUCE S. Robert Grosseteste on refraction phenomena. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:196-199. 770

HART, CYRIL. The Ramsey computus. Eng. Hist. Rev., 1970, 85:2944. The computus ("an ecclesiastical calendar, around which grew up a great body of Western leaming in mathematics and astronomy, in history and medicine") of the abbey of Ramsey (England) is described in terns of its scientific background, its date and provenance, and its sources. 771

HUGHES, BARNABAS B. Rhetoric, anyone? Maths Teacher, 1970, 63:267-270. Referring to Nesselmann's three stages in the development of algebra (rhetorical, syncopated, and symbolic), the author points out that, apart from the use of letters to designate numbers, the De numeris datis of Jordanus in the 13th century was thoroughly rhetorical, lacking syncopation or symbolism. 772

KAUNZNER, WOLFGANG. tber die Handschrift CGM 740 der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek Miinchen: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Rechenkunst im ausgehenden Mittelalter. (Veroffentlichungen des Forschungsinstituts des Deutschen Museums fur die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, Reihe C, 11.) iv + 20 pp. Munich: Deutsche Museum, 1970. 773

LINDBERG, DAVID C. A reconsideration of Roger Bacon's theory of pinhole images. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:214-223. The reconsideration is based on De speculis comburentibus, Bacon's commentary on the final proposition of the Eucidean De speculis. This work devotes considerable space to the theory of pinhole images.

774

LINDBERG, DAVID C. The theory of pinhole images in the 14th century. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:299-325. Discusses in particular the work of Egidius of Baisiu, Levi ben Gerson, Henry of Langenstein, and Blasius of Parma. 775

LOHNE, J. A. Der Eigenartige Einfluss Witelos auf die Entwicklung der Dioptrik. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1968,5:414426. 776

MANITIUS, KARL. Ein "Sermo in natale sancti mathiae" des 12. Jahrhunderts und die mittel- alterliche Arithmetik. Pp. 145-162 in Horst Gericke, Manfred Lemmer, Walter Zollner (eds.) Orbis mediaevalis. Festgabe firAnton Blaschka. Weimar: Bohlaus, 1970. 777

MICHELS, ULRICH. Die Musiktraktate des Johannes de Muris. (Beihefte zum Archiv fiur Musikwissenschaft, 8.) vii + 133 pp., bibl., index. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. 778

MOLLAND, ANDREW G. Oresme redivivus. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:106-119. An essay review of Marshall Clagett (trans. and ed.) Nicole Oresme and the medieval geometry of qualities and motions (Madison, 1968). 779

NAGUCKA, RUTA. The syntactic component of Chaucer's Astrolabe. (Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Jagiellofiskiego, 199. Prace J9zykoznawcze zeszyt, 23.) 123 pp., bibl. Cracow: Nakladem Uniwersytetu Jagiellofiskiego, 1968. 780



62 33.1 Middle Ages: Exact Sciences-Pseudo-Science

O'BRIEN, JAMES F. Some medieval anticipations of inertia.NewScholast., 1970,44:345-371. "This study attempts to show in some degree a broad perspective to these problems [ancient and medieval ideas anticipating or conflicting with the fuller implications of inertia] by means of key similarities and differences between the analyses of motion of Newton, Aristotle and several medieval thinkers." Discusses Thomas Bradwardine, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Themistius, Simplicius, Philoponus, Roger Bacon, Thomas Aquinas, William of Ockham, Franciscus de Marchia, John Buridan, Newton, Aristotle. 781

PECKHAM, JOHN. John Pecham and the science of optics. Perspectiva communis, ed. with an intro., English trans., and critical notes by David C. Lindberg. (University of Wisconsin publications in medieval science, 14.) xvii + 300 pp., plts., bibI., index. Madison: Univ. Wisconsin Pr., 1970. $15. 782

POULLE, EMMANUEL. Un instrument astronomique dans l'occident latin, la "saphea". StudiMedievali, 1969, 10(1):491-510. 783

RIZZI, BRUNO. Il magnetismo dalle origini e 1'epistola De magnete de Pietro Peregrino. Physis, 1969, 11:502-519. 784

SMYSER, HAMILTON. A view of Chaucer's astronomy. Speculum, 1970,45:359-373. "Does astronomical virtuosity on the part of the Host [in the Canterbury Tales] ... tell us something primarily about 14th-century interests and aptitudes, or does it rather represent primarily an individual interest and aptitude of Chaucer himself?"

785

La TEORIA dell'impeto. Testi latini di filosofia medievale. 48 pp. Turin: Giappichelli, 1969. Contains texts of Francesco de Marchia, Giovanni Buridano, Alberto di Sassonia, Marsilio d'Inghen. 786


BOESE, HELMUT. Zur Textuberlieferung von Thomas Cantimpratensis' Liber de natura rerum. Archivum Frat. Praed., 1969, 39:53-68. 787

DENNELL, R. W. Seeds from a medieval sewer in Woolster Street, Plymouth. Econ. Bot., 1970, 24:151-154. Discussion of seeds found in the drain of a large medieval building in Plymouth uncovered in 1965-66 by the Ministry of Public Building and Works and the Plymouth City Museum. "There appears to be obvious scope for interpreting botanical studies against a wider background, such as climatic and especially documentary evidence, in order to see such remains in terms of their possible human significance. Furthermore, the archaeologist should be aware of the possibility that macroscopic remains can be valuable, not merely for their dietary and environmental significance, but also as a means of interpreting the history of a site and its uses." 788

HEDBERG, STEN. Contamination and interpolation: A study of the 15th-century Columella manuscripts. (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Studia Latina Upsaliensia, 4.) xiv + 195 pp. Uppsala: Universitetet, 1968. Skr 40. 789

OTTE, JAMES K. Alfred of Sareshel's commentary on the Metheora of Aristotle. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4900-A. Dissertation at Univ. of Southern California, 1969, Chairman: Professor Dales. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-8537. 159 pp. $3. Contains a transcription of Sareshel's commentary and an introduction discussing its place in 12th-century natural history. 790

d. Pseudo-science and experiment (natural nagic, compendia of experiments, alchemy)

FLAMEL, NICOLAS. Le livre des figures hiero- glyphiques. Le sommaire philosophique. Le desir desire. Pr6cedes d'un avant-propos de Rene Alleau et d'une etude historique sur Nicolas Flamel par Eugene Canseliet. Textes revue sur les editions anciennes et suivis d'un glossaire et de notes bibliographiques par Maxime Preaud. 230 pp., illus., bibl. Paris: Denoel, 1970. F 29. 791

MURAISE, ERIC. Le livre de l'ange: Histoire et legend alchimique de Nicolas Flamel. 352 pp., plts. Paris: Julliard, 1969. 792

STAVENHAGEN, LEE. The original text of the Latin Morienus. Ambix, 1970, 17: 1-12. "The imain fact to emerge from this study is that the Morienus [a medieval latin alchemical tracti as it stands in the printed edition cannot be treated as a unified, original work which either was or was not translated according to such and such a time, place or authorship as purported. The printed version is the end product of at least two hundred years, and perhaps twice that, of textual revision and recombinations." 793

THOMAS, PHILLIP D. Missing fragments of British Museum Add. MS. 15549. Scriptorium, 1970, 24:51-53. Missing sections of a 14th-century alchemical work, the "Icocedron" of Walter of Odington, have been found in Oxford University, All Souls College Library MS 81. 794



33.1 Middle Ages: Pseudo-Science-Medicine 63

WOOD, CHAUNCEY. Chaucer and the country of the stars: Poetic uses of astrological imagery. xix + 318 pp., plts., index. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1970. $10.

795


GELSINGER, BRUCE E. Lodestone and sunstone in medieval Iceland. Mariner's Mirror, 1970, 56:219-226. "In Iceland two navigational aids, the lodestone and the sunstone, may have been confused in some medieval documenits. If so, the earliest record of the lodestone as an aid to navigation in Scandinavia should be dated c. 1230 rather than c. 1320. If this confusion in terminology existed, furthermore, the mariner's compass might have been known in Iceland by 1394, as early as the date of the first other record of that instrument's use in northem Europe." 796

GLICK, THOMAS F. Irrigation and society in medieval Valencia. xx + 386 pp., illus., maps, bibl., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. 797

HARVEY, P. D. A.; RALEIGH A. SKELTON. Medieval English maps and plans. Imago Mundi, 1970, 23:101-102. "The authors of this note have planned a volume, which has been accepted for publication by the Oxford University Press, to present a corpus of all known examples [of maps of England drawn before 1500] reproduced in facsimile (in colour where necessary) with accompanying essays by scholars acquainted with the history and topography of the places or areas represented. A general introduction by the editors will analyse the materials in the context of cartographic history. A preliminary check-list was published in the Joumnal of the Society of Archivists (London), vol. III, no. 9 (April 1969), pp. 496-7. In revised and expanded form it is reprinted here. . 798

JACOMO VANNI, MARIANO DI, called TACCOLA. Liber tertius de ingeneis ac edifitiis non usitatis. A cura di J. H. Beck. 156 pp., plts. Milan: Polifilio, 1969. 799

MAJER, JikI. Ba"nska vodnl dlla 13.-16. stoletl na Slavkovsku. (Water conservancy works for mines in the 13th-16th centuries in the SlavkovskV Les mountain region.) Dkjiny V&d Tech., 1968, 2:214-231. 800

MANETTI, ANTONIO DI TUCCIO. The life of Brunelleschi. Intro., notes and critical text edition by Howard Saalman. English trans. of the Italian text by Catherine Enggass. vii + 176 pp., plts., index. University Park, Penn.: Pennsylvania State Univ. Pr., 1970. $12.50. 801

PRAGER, FRANK D.; GUSTINA SCAGLIA. Brunelleschi: Studies of his technology and inventions. xiii + 152 pp., illus. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $10. 802

SHELBY, LON R. The education of medieval English master masons. Mediaeval Stud., 1970, 32:1-26. ". . . the present paper attempts to draw out more fully the implications of the subject [master masons' educationi for the history of medieval architecture and building technology, not to speak of medieval education as such." 803

WHITE, LYNN, JR. The iconography of Temperantia and the virtuousness of technology. Pp. 197-219 in Theodore K. Rabb and Jerrold E. Siegel (eds.) Action and conviction in early modern Europe. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1969. "We have been tracing two closely related elements in the growth of what has generally been called the 'bourgeois' ethos. The first, the increase in speculative emphasis on Temperance in the 13th and 14th centuries, is symptomatic of the growth of lay asceticism, which reached its culmination in the Puritans but which long ante-dated the Reformation. The second begins about 1334 with the emergence of the clock as the image of this disciplined life, regulated by Divine Wisdom. The clock symbol expanded until, just before 1450, the spiritualization of this one machine was generalized into the new iconography of Temper- ance, which affirmned the essential goodness of the entire technological enterprise. Obviously, this long development had much to do with the evolution of capitalism. But can it be shown that such attitudes originated among merchants and artisans or that they flourished primarily in non-aristocratic circles?" 804

WHITE, LYNN, JR. Medieval uses of air. Scient. Am., 1970, 223(2):92-100. "Technology came before science in the invention of the blast furnace, the windmill and the suction pump. Medieval workers also constructed a manned glider and a useful gas turbine and conceived the parachute." 805


ANDERSEN, JOHANNES G. Studies in the mediaeval diagnosis of leprosy in Denmark: An osteoarcheo- logical, historical, and clinical study. 142 + viii pp., illus. Copenhagen: Costers, 1969. 806

BEEK, HENRI H. Waanzin in de middeleeuwen. Beeld van de gestoorde en bemoeienis met de zieke. 341 pp., illus., bibl. Nijkerk: Callenbach; Haarlem: De Toorts, 1969. Fl 91.35. 807

BLAKE, JOHN B. Commentum super Nicolaum, by Stephanus Arlandi: An unnoticed medical incunabulum. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:480. 808



64 33.1 Middle Ages: Medicine

CRANEFIELD, PAUL F. On the origin of the phrase Nihil est in intellectu quod non prius fuerit in sensu. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:77-80. The author traces the phrase from Locke and his contemporaries back through the Renaissance (Robert Burton, the younger Pico et al.) and the Middle Ages (Aquinas, Duns Scotus, et al.) to Venerable Bede. 809

DAEMS, WILLEM F. Boec van medicinen in dietsche: Eeen middelnederlandse compilatie van medisch- farmaceutische literature. (A book on medicine in Dutch. A middle-Netherlands compilation of medical-pharmaceutical literature.) (Janus, supplement 7.) vi + 361 pp., bibl. Leiden: Brill, 1967. 810

DILLEMAN, GEORGES. Les representations des saints C6me et Damien a l'6glise de Germisay (Haute-. Marne). Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20:95-97. 811

DUKA, NORBERT. Rozne funkcie Talianskych lekarov na Slovensku v Stredoveku z medicinskeho hl'adiska. (Various functions of Italian doctors in Slovakia in the Middle Ages, from the medical point of view.) Dejiny VWd Tech., 1970, 3:24-34. 812

FORT, GEORGE F. Medical economy during the Middle Ages. A contribution to the history of European morals from the time of the Roman Empire to the close of the 14th century. xii + xii + 488 pp. New York: Kelley, 1970. Reprint of the 1883 edition, with a new introduction by Morris H. Saffron. 813

HAAGE, BERNHARD. Zu deutschen Seifenrezepten des ausgehenden Mittelalters. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:294-298. 814

HART, GERALD D. A hematological artifact from 4th-century Britain. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:76-79. Spoon-shaped fingernails are sometimes caused by a severe iron deficiency. The earliest record of this condition is a small bronze forearm from a temple in England. 815

KOTTEK, SAMUEL. L'art de conserver sa sante. Essai de comparaison entre un texte de Maimonide (Hilchot Deot, chap. 4) et le Regimen sanitatis de Salerne. Revue Hist. Med. H6b., 1970, 23:5-9. 816

MACCAGNI, CARLO. Frammento di un codice di medicina del secolo XIV (manoscritto N. 735, Gia Codice Roncioni N. 99) della Biblioteca Universitaria di Pisa. Physis, 1969, 11:311-378. "The fragmentary MS. 735 [formerly Roncioni 99] of the Biblioteca Universitaria of Pisa on cauterization and with drawings of internal organs of the human body, is edited, commented and compared with the corresponding parts of the MS. Ashmole 399 of the Bodleian Library of Oxford and of the MS. 49 [formerly 5000] of the library of the Wellcome Institute of the History of Medicine of London." From the summary. 817

MATTHEWS, LESLIE G. Deux panneaux d'un retable espagnol avec saint C6me et saint Damien. Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20:93-94. 818

NUTTON, VIVIAN. Prognostica Galieni. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:96-100. "This examination of an Oxford MS. reveals, not the earliest manuscript of a Latin translation of Galen's 'On prognosis', but an early example of medieval prognostications. Hippocrates' 'Prognosticon' is a remote ancestor of this snippet of medical knowledge which is designed for practical use rather than for learned comment and which can be seen as a further example of the vulgarization and transmission of the heritage of ancient science." 819

POURRIERE, JEAN. Les h6pitaux d'Aix-en-Provence au Moyen Age, XIIIe, XIVe et XVe siecles. 196 pp. Aix-en-Provence: Roubaud, 1969. 820

RIDDLE, JOHN M. Lithotherapy in the Middle Ages: Lapidaries considered as medical texts. Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:39-50. "In this study a total of 616 lapidary manuscripts have been collected. Most of them are in Latin, although vernacular manuscripts were recorded whenever found." 821

ROBBINS, ROSSELL HOPE. Medical manuscripts in Middle English. Speculum, 1970,45:393415. This article "draws attention to over 350 Middle English medical manuscripts, with few exceptions undiscussed and unpublished; it classfies the type of materials contained in them, and it draws conclusions on the lay practice of medicine in later mediaeval England". 822

RUBIN, STANLEY. The medical practitioner in Anglo-Saxon England. J. R. Coll. Gen. Practitioners, 1970,20:63-71. 823

SHATZMILLER, JOSEPH. Notes sur les medecins juifs en Provence au Moyen Age. Revue btud. Juives, 1969,28:259-266. 824

WITTMANN, ANNELIESE. Kosmas und Damian: Kultausbreitung und Volksdevotion. Mit einem Geleitwort von Mathilde Hain. 344 pp., illus., bibl. Berlin: Schmidt, 1967. DM 49. 825

ZAHLTEN, JOHANNES. Medizinische Vorstellungen im Falkenbuch Kaiser Friedrichs II. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:49-103. 826

ZAHLTEN, JOHANNES. Zur Abhangigkeit der naturwissenschaftlichen Vorstellungen Kaiser Friedrichs II. von der Medizinschule zu Salerno. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:173-210. 827



33.2 Middle Ages, Byzantium 34. Islam: Exact Sciences 65

HS 33.2 MIDDLE AGES, BYZANTIUM (includes Greek culture and north-west Asia in general; chiefly from c.A.D. 500 to c.1450)

HS 34. ISLAMIC AND RELATED CULTURES (includes Israel, Iran, and Near East in general; chiefly from c.A.D. 500 to c.1600)

a. General histories and histories of science (includes biographies, the items under B, philosophy, natural philosophy, and theological writings relating to scientific problems)

AFNAN, SOHEIL M. A philosophical lexicon in Persian and Arabic. 332 pp. Beirut: Dar El-Mashreq, 1968. Gives Greek, French, Latin, English and Pahlavi equivalents of Arabic and Persian philosophical terms. 828

ARKOUN, MOHAMMED. Contribution a 1'etude de l'humanisme arabe au IVe/Xe siecle: Miskawayh (320/325421) = (932/936-1030), philosophe et historien. (ttudes musulmanes, 12.) 387 pp., index. Paris: Vrin, 1970. 829

al-FARABI. Opera omnia quae latina linqua conscripta reperiri potuerunt. Ed. G. Camerarius. [10J + 64 pp. Frankfurt am Main: Minerva, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1638 edition. 830

GOICHON, AMELIE M. The philosophy of Avicenna and its influence on medieval Europe. Trans. from the French with notes, annotations, and a pref. by M. S. Khan. ix + 119 pp., bibl. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1969. 831

al-NADIM. The Fihrist of al-NadYm, a 10th-century survey of Muslim culture. Bayard Dodge, editor and translator. (Records of civilisation: Sources and studies, 83.) 2 vols.; xxxiv + 1149 pp., bibl., gloss., biographical index. New York: Columbia Univ. Pr., 1970. Chapter 7, pp. 571-712, is devoted to philosophy, mathematics and astronomy, and medicine. 832

PINES, SHLOMO. Scholasticism after Thomas Aquinas and the teachings of Haisdai Crecas and his predecessors. Proc. Israel Acad. Sci. Hum., 1967, 1(10): 1-101 . 833

SCHIPPERGES, HEINRICH. Zum Wissenschafts- begrift im arabischen Mittelalter. Pp. 21-29 in Alwin Diemner (ed.) Der Wissenschaftsbegriff. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970. 834

SERRA, GIUSEPPE. Introduzione bibliografica allo studio della mistica Islamica. Studia Patavina, 1970, 17:-310-3 17. 835

WIEDEMANN, EILHARD. Aufsatze zur Arabischen Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Mit einem Vortwort und Indices hrsg. von Wolfdietrich Fischer. (Collectanea, VI, 1-2.) 2 vols.; xxxiv + 880 pp.; ix + 859 pp., index. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. DM 156. 836


al-BATTANI. Opus astronomicum, ad fidem codicis Escurialensis arabice editum latine versum, adnotationibus instructum a Carolo Alphonso Nallino. (Pubblicazioni del Reale Osservatorio di Brera in Milano, 40.) 2 vols.; lxxx + 327 pp.; xxxi + 413 pp., illus. Frankfurt airf Main: Minerva, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the 1903-1907 edition. 837

BRADLEY, A. DAY; HERBERT H. LEHMAN. al-Biruni's table of chords. Maths Teacher, 1970, 63-615-617. 838

BUSARD, HUBERT L. L. Die Vermessungstraktate Liber Saydi Abuothmi und Liber Aderameti. Janus, 1969, 56:161-174. A brief introduction is followed by transciiptions of these two geometrical works. 839

GANDZ, SOLOMON. Studies in Hebrew astronomy and mathematics. Selected, with an intro. by Shlomo Sternberg. xli + 544 pp. New York: KTAV, 1970. 840

HARTNER, WILLY. Nasir al-DTn al-Tusi's lunar theory. Physis, 1969, 11:287-304. "In his major astronomical treatise, al-Tadhkira fi'ilm al-hay'a, the famous Persian mathematician and astronomer NasTr al-Din al-Tusl(1201-74) devises a new model of lunar motion, essentially different from Ptolemy's. Abolishing the eccentric and the centre of prosneusis, he founds it exclusively on the principle of 8 uniformly rotating spheres and thereby succeeds in representing the irregularities of lunar motion with the same exactness as the Almagest. His claim that the maximum difference in longitude between the two theories amounts to 10' proves perfectly true. In his model Nasir, for the first time in the history of astronomy, employs a theorem invented by himself which, 250 years later, is found again in Copernicus, De Revolutionibus, III 4." From the summary. 841

HOOKHAM, HILDA. Star-gazer in Samarkand. Hist. Today, 1970,20:209-211. Ulugh-Beg (1394-1449), and his colleagues "produced a catalogue of stars, the first original one since Ptolemy, in which the stellar coordinates celestial latitude and longitude, were given not onfy in degrees but also in minutes". 842



66 34. Islam: Exact Sciences-Medicine

KENNEDY, EDWARD S.; NAZIM FARIS. The solar eclipse technique of Yahya B. AbT Manslur. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:20-38. "This paper discusses those parts of Yahya's Zlj [astronomical handbookI which have to do with solar eclipses. There are three numerical tables and a set of cryptic directions for computing eclipses. Section 2 below describes the first table. It defines a periodic function resembling a somewhat distorted sine wave . .. The second table, described in Section 3, turns out to be an approximation to lunar parallax in the altitude circle. Section 4 discusses the third table, which gives eclipse magnitudes and durations. Sections 5 and 6 consist respectively of a translation of and a commentary upon the texts explanatory material. Yahya's directions give no rationale for his operations, much less proofs, and it would have been difficult to surmize the principles behind his rules had not an independent but related source [Ibn al-Shatir's 14th-century zij] been at hand for comparison... We reproduce [a] translated chapter below in Section 7, with a commentary in Section 8, for it turns out that the technique preserved by Ibn al-Shatir is along the same lines as Yahya's, but much better explained." 843

KENNEDY, EDWARD S.; WALID UKASHAH. The chandelier clock of Ibn Yfinis. Isis, 1969, 60:543-545. Ibn Yunis (fl. 930 A.D.) provides clear evidence of the survival of Babylonian arithmetical methods in Islamic astronomy. 844

KHAIRETDINOVA, N. G. Trigonometriia v trudakh al-Farabi i Ibn-Siny. (Trigonometry in the works of al-Farabi and Ibn Sina.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:29-31. 845

LOHNE, J. A. Alhazens Spiegelproblem. Nord. Mat. Tidskr., 1970, 18: 5-35. "The reflection problem arose two thousand years ago when the ancients tried to construct the images seen in regularly curved mirrors. They did not succeed except for particularly simple cases. Accordingly, when the Arab Alhazen in about A.D. 1000 began to study optics, he found an incomplete science of mirrors deriving from Antiquity. He enriched it in several ways and constructed the reflection points not only for spherical but also for cylindrical and conical mirrors.,.." From the English summary. 846

PINGREE, DAVID. The fragments of the works of al-Fazdri. J. Near East. Stud., 1970, 29:103-123.. "Al-FazriT is the name of the person most directly connected with the transmission of a Sanskrit work on astronomy... to the Arabs in the early part of the 8th decade of the 8th century of the Christian era." 847

RABINOVITCH, NACHUM L. Rabbi Levi Ben Gershon and the origins of mathematical induction. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:237-248. "A closer look at the work of R. Levi Ben Gershon (1288- 1344), in his Maasei Hoshev, will show that he is in fact the earliest writer known to have used induction systematically in all generality and to have recognized it as a distinct mathematical procedure." 848

RASHED, ROSHDI. Le modsle de la sphere transparente et l'explication de l'arc-en-ciel: Ibn al-Haytham, al-Fdrisf. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970,23:109-140. 849

RASHED, ROSHDI. Optique g6ometrique et doctrine optique chez Ibn Al Haytham. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:271-298. 850

SHLOMING, ROBERT. Thabit ibn Qurra and the Pythagorean theorem. Maths Teacher, 1970, 63:519-528. Includes a general account of the work of Thabit, with emphasis on his proofs of the Pythagorean theorem and on a generalization of the theorem. 851

SOLON, PETER. The Six wings of Immanuel Bonfils and Michael Chrysokokkes. Centaurus, 1970, 15: 1-20. "Immanuel ben Jacob-Bonfils is the author of a work on eclipses written in Hebrew around the middle of the 14th century at Tarascon on the Rhone and commonly known as the Sepher Shesh Kenaphayim (Book of six wings) because of the division of its extensive tables into six groups or wings. A Latin translation was made in 1406 by a certain Johannes Lucae e Camerino and a Greek version in 1435 by a certaini Michael Chrysokkokes . . . The present article contains an analysis of the Hebrew and Greek versions of this work." 852



SECRET, FRAN?OIS. Sur quelques traductions du SeferRazi'el. Revue Stud. Juives, 1969, 28:223-245. 853



BARUCH, J. Z. Maimonides as a physician. Janus, 1969,56:248-258. A survey of his life and brief commentaries on the ten works ascribed to him. 854



34. Islam: Medicine 35.1 India: Exact Sciences 67

BERCOVY, DAVID. L'hygiene dans 1'espirit du Talmud. Revue Hist. M&d. Heb., 1970, 23:15-18. 855

BRAYER, MENACHEM M. Psychosomatics, hermetic medicine, and dream interpretation in the Qumran literature. (Psychological and exegetical considerations). Jewish Q. Rev., 1969-1970, 60:112-127, 213-230. 856

HAMARNEH, SAMI K. Origins of Arabic drug and diet therapy. Physis, 1969, 11:267-286. "The origins of Arabic drug and diet therapy were varied. There were oriental and central Asian influences from China, India, and Persia. There were indigenous roots in the conquered countries where earlier civilizations had flourished, as in Iraq, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt. But above all, the Greek legacy was responsible for giving life, direction, and rationale to Arabic medical therapy. In the 9th century this activity came to its fullest fruition. Mostly responsible were Syriac Christian scholars, physicians, and translators who knew both Greek and Arabic, and who worked diligently under the auspices of caliphs and private patrons for the promotion of good health and learning. The. Greek concepts of humoral pathology form the core of their therapeutic doctrines. They assigned degrees and qualities to diets and drugs used in combating diseases caused by access of the opposite humors with the aim of bringing equilibrium and healing to the sick. These conclusions were based upon studies of original manuscripts and medieval historical documents." From the summary. 857

HAMARNEH, SAMI K. Sources and development of Arabic medical therapy and pharmacology. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:3048. "In concluding, we can say that medical therapy and pharmacology in medieval Islam developed within a rational framework based on the Greco-Roman legacy. In this study, an attempt was made to base all interpretations and propositions on examination and evaluation of original documents from the medieval period. The conclusions no doubt, differ from the common and customary speculations found in many texts and articles of Arabic medicine . . . [which are] based on secondary sources or erroneous translations." 858

JADON, SAMIRA Y. A comparison of the wealth, prestige, and medical works of the physicians of Salah al-Din in Egypt and Syria. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:64-75. Though best known as an opponent of the 12th-century crusaders, S4lala al-Din (Saladin) paid special attention to the establishing of hospitals and the encouraging of improvements in medicine.

859

JADON, SAMIRA Y. The physicians of Syria during the reign of SalTh al-Din, 570-589 A.H., 174- 1193 A.D. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:323-340. 860

LEVEY, MARTIN. A note on embalming procedures of al-Razi.Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:169. A translation of al-Razi's 9th century directions "concerning the preservation of a dead body lest it become corrupt or fetid." 861

SA'ID IBN al-HASAN. Das Buch at-Ta?wTg at-tibbi. Ein arabisches Adab-Werk uiber die Bildung des Arztes. Hrsg. und bearb. von Otto Spies. (Bonner Orientalistische Studien, 16.) 55 leaves, 13 pp. Bonn: Selbstverlag des Orientalischen Seminars der Universitat, 1968. 862

HS35.1 INDIA (to c. 1600)


KUIPER, F. B. J. Cosmogeny and conception: A query. Hist. Religions, 1970, 10:91-138. "In this paper attention was drawn to the remarkable parallelism between the conception and the embryonic state of a human being and, on the other, the genesis of the Cosmos as related in the Indian cosmological myth, which to some extent can be read as a tale of the cosmic ovulation and conception." 863


JAGANNATHA. Samrat siddhanta (siddhanta-sara kaustubha). With various readings on the basis of different MSS. Ed. by a board of editors headed by Acharyavara Ram Swarup Sharma. 3 vols. New Delhi: Indian Institute of Astronomical and Sanscrit Research, 1967. A Sanskrit version of Ptolemy's Almagestum, translated from the Arabic version by Nasir al-Din Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Tfisi and others. 864

PINGREE, DAVID. Census of the exact sciences in Sanskrit. Series A, Volume I. (Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, 81.) viii + 60 pp., bibl. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1970. $5 (paper). Contains an extensive bibliography of the secondary literature on the exact sciences in India and a list of catalogs of Sanskrit manuscripts. Contains also biographical articles on authors of scientific works in Sanskrit. 865

PINGREE, DAVID. On the classification of Indian planetary tables. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:95-108. "Indian planetary tables may be classified according to two distinctive features: their parameters and their arrangements. The material for the present paper-the Sanskrit manuscripts in the libraries of the United States and England-can be divided into five schools or paksas according to their parameters ... By arrangement they fall into three categories: 'mean linear', that is, mean motion tables accompanied by tables of equations; 'true linear', that is, mean motion tables accompanied by true longitude tables; and 'cyclic', that is, true longitude tables for the several years of the 'goal-year' periods. I shall first discuss the five paksas and then the three arrangements." 866



68 35.1 India: Exact Sciences-Medicine

PRAKASH, SATYA. A critical study of Brahmagupta and his work. (A most distinguished Indian astronomer and mathematician of the 6th century A.D.) iv + 344 pp. New Delhi: Indian Institute of Astronomical and Sanscrit Research, 1968. 867


KAPIL, R. N. Biology in ancient and medieval India. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:119-140. "Although the main objective of this paper is to elucidate whether biological science existed in ancient and medieval India, and if so, in what form; an attempt has also been made to compare the state of our knowledge with contemporary civilizations. Another aim is to highlight the problems on which future investigations in the field of history of biology in India could be rewarding." 868

LAHIRI, DIPANKAR. Dynamic geology in prehistoric India and Vedic literature. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:188-196. ". . . it is inferred that the prehistoric element of the pre-Buddhist period of ancient India [2nd millenium B.C.] had the knowledge of chemical weathering, surface water and earthquake. The Vedic element [ 1st century B.C.] added to it the knowledge of volcano and desert. On the other hand, the theories about the origin of the universe and vast expanse of time are quite interesting, but material evidences behind these theories are not available." 869

MUKHERJEE, S. K.; N. NATH. Horticultural science in ancient India. Indian J. Hist. ScL, 1970, 5:183-186. Horticulturalists in ancient India (1st millenium B.C.) had extensive knowledge of graftings, cuttings, and ways of improving varieties of fruit. 870

ROY, MIRA. Family relations of some plants in the Atharvaveda. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:162-177. "It shows that the people of the Vedic Age as early as the time of the Atharvaveda [written c. 1000 B.C.I did not fail to study the plant life on a more or less rational basis and to classify them according to their common physical features and to trace their mutual relationship as members of a family for all those with a common habitat and similar medicinal properties." 871

SHUKLA, M. S. Arbori-horitculture in ancient India. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5: 179-182. 872

VISHNU-MITTRE. Biological concepts and agriculture in ancient India. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:144-161. "The domestication and economic exploitation of wild plants provided the ancient Indians [c. 600 B.C.] with a deep insight into their morphological and differentiating characters as well as their economic utility, leading eventually to philosophical speculations concerning the origin of life, divergence of life into plants and animals and their reponses to environment. Surprisingly many of their superficial observations and even the philosophical speculations, such as the existence of life in the plant kingdom and the concepts of organic evolution and the like, find attestation by modern science." 873




CHAKRAVORTY, RANES C. Surgical principles in the Suitrasthanam of the Sugruta Samhitf: Manage- ment of retained foreign bodies. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:113-118. "The methods described [in the Sutrasthanam written c. S00 B.C.] both for diagnosis and for handling, are quite sophisticated and include surgical manoeuvres as well as the use of instruments specifically employed for extraction of missiles. The safety and feasibility of removal are discussed in some detail and, by and large, agree with present-day concepts." 874

DESHPANDE, R. T.; K. R. SHARMA; G. C. PRASAD. Contribution of Susruta to the fundamentals of orthopaedic surgery. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:13-50. "The paper in short proves the thoroughness of the basic approach of Su?ruta in the management of skeletal injuries, which in fact has not changed in principles over the period of 2500 years, in spite of the advancement of modem orthopaedic surgery." 875

DWARAKANATH, C. Some significant aspects of the origin and development of medicine in ancient India (abridged). Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:1-12. The introduction of the Ayurveda (rational, practical medicine) into the Indo-Gangetic valley (some time after the 5th millenium B.C.) resulted from a sudden shift from a rural to an urban civilization. 876



35.1 India: Medicine 35.2 Far East: General 69

GAUR, D. S.; L. P. GUPTA. The theory Pancamahab- hKta with special reference to Ayurveda. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:51-67. "BhOtas are the ultimate physical reals from which the physical universe originates. Pancabhiitavada is an undisputed and unanimously accepted theory of the Darganas, pro- pounded after prolonged critical observation of the characteristics and behavior of the gross bhitas, the properties of other physical objects and the correlation of the senses with the matter of the environment. The paficabhuita doctrine of matter not only runs parallel to the modem concept of matter, elements, molecules, atoms, the atomic structures, etc., but also goes beyond them. It also stands for a classification of substances on the basis of their generic property. It forms an axis round which the Ayurvedic [medical] concepts of tridosa, embryonic development, body constitution and composition, restricted response of the sense organs, composition and action of the drugs, seasonal variations and their effect and fivefold classification of matter, etc., revolve. In this way, the Pancabhtuta theory is looked upon by the Ayurvedist as a law governing matter bearing upon anatomical, physiological, pathological and pharmacological discussions." 877

GURUMURTHY, S. Medical science and dispensaries in ancient south India as gleaned from epigraphy. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:76-79. 878

KARNICK, C. R. Notes on some ancient Indian medicinal drug plants with special reference to "soma"-the rejuvenator and promoter of longevity. Clio Medica, 1970,5:261-268. 879

MENON, I. A.; H. F. HABERMAN. The medical students' oath of ancient India. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:295-299. A translation and brief commentary on the oath which dates from before the 6th century B.C. 880

MISHRA, B. B. Human anatomy according to the AgniPurana. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:101-112. "The Agni Purana, an encyclopaedic work of about 10-11 centuries A.D., discusses, in course of its physiological deliberations, ideas on the development of human body, obstetrics, physiology and anatomy. It gives an account of the process of conception, monthwise development of the embryo and the factors responsible for the development of various organs of the human body." 881

MITRA, JYOTIR. Methodology for experimental research in ancient India. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:68-75. "Experimental research is one of the creative and significant aspects of a progressive medical science. Its method is supposed to have been initiated by Claude Bernard in the 18th [sic] century. Probably, India is the only ancient country where we find a glimpse of the methodology since 1500 B.C., in the Atharvaveda, the source of Indian medical lore." 882

MURTHY, R. S. SHIVAGANESHA. The Brahmanas on medicine and biological sciences. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:80-85. The Brahma4as, written after 1500 B.C., are religious writings but contain many references to physiology and anatomy as well as other medical and biological topics. 883

RAY, PRIYADARANJAN. Medicine-as it evolved in ancient and medieval India. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:86-100. "In this paper it is proposed to trace the growth of medical lore and medical practice in ancient and medieval India, since the time of its earliest settlers [ca. 10000 B.C.] to the end of the 16th century A.D." 884

HS 35.2 THE FAR EAST (to c. 1600)


FANG HAO. Fang Hao liu-shih tzu ting kao. (The collected works of Maurus Fang Hao, revised and ed. by the author on his 60th birthday.) 3 vols.; 14 + 8 + 8 + 2949 pp. Taipei: The author, 1969. $25. The author's substantial studies of the interplay of China and the West in the 17th century and earlier include many on the importation of European science and technology. These remain classic, and this collection will be a great convenience to any serious student-and perhaps prompt some translations or at least a review article. N. SIVIN 885

HERVOUET, YVES. Bibliographie des travaux en langues occidentales sur les Song parus de 1946 A 1965. (Collection sinologique de l'Universite de Bordeaux, I). xxi + 139 + 28 pp. Bordeaux: So Bo Di, 1969. Includes a bibliography of works in Russian by Ludmila Kuvshinnikova. Science and technology, pp. 53-58. 886

LOEWE, MICHAEL. Everyday life in early imperial China, during the Han period 202 B.C.-A.D. 220. Drawings by Eva Wilson. 208 pp., illus., map, bibl. London: Batsford; New York: Putman, 1968. 25s. Although the author does not seem much at home with scientific ideas, this book reflects the science and technology of the period to an extent which would have been unheard of before Needham's publications. A trustworthy survey, but much less evocative than J. Gemet, Daily life in China on the eve of the Mongol Invasion, 12501276. (London: Allen & Unwin, 1962). N. SIVIN 887

NAKAYAMA, SHIGERU. Synopsis of the history of Chinese science. Jap. Stud. Hitt. Sci., 1969, 8:21-3 1. 888

NEEDHAM, JOSEPH. Clerks and craftsmen in China and the West: Lectures and addrcsses on the history of science and technology. Based largely on collaborative work with Wang Ling, Lu Gwei-Djen and Ho Ping-Yu. xix + 470 pp., illus., plts., bibl. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. ?7.50. 889



70 35.2 Far East: General-Pseudo-Science

WELCH, HOLMES H. The Bellagio conference on Taoist studies. Hist. Religions, 1969-1970, 9:107-136. Abstract of papers and discussions (September 1968) by 16 scholars, including J. Needham and N. Sivin. Much attention is paid to alchemy and other scientific connections of Taoism. The account of Sivin's paper on pp. 114-115 is not entirely accurate. N. SIVIN 890


HASHIMOTO, KEIZO. A short comment on the chronology in the early Chin Dynasty of China. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1969, 8:210-214. 891

HO PENG-YOKE. The astronomical bureau in Ming China. J. Asian Hist., 1969, 3:13 7-157. Brief discussion of imperial astronomical institutions, their responsibilities, staff, and equipment, in the 14th through 17th centuries. The author documents the low level of computational work at the time and describes the early impact of the Jesuit missionary-astronomers. N. SIVIN 892

SIVIN, NATHAN. Cosmos and computation in early Chinese mathematical astronomy. 73 pp. Leiden: Brill, 1969. Originally published in T'oung Pao, 1969, 55:1-73. By an analysis of early computational techniques the author demonstrates that "the usual description of Chinese mathematical astronomy as a fundamentally practical, empirical collection of techniques reflects not national character but a conscious choice" made after the first century A.D. 893

YABUUCHI, KIYOSHI. Chugoku no temmon rekiho. (Chinese astronomy and calendrical science.) 7 + 345 + 16 pp. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1969. Y 2200 ($6.16). This book by the dean of Japanese historians of science has just won the Asahi Prize, one of Japna's highest cultural prizes. It pulls together a lifetime of research and writing to survey the whole of the Chinese tradition, its computational techniques, its institutions, and the effects of 1700 years of foreign influence. Appendixes provide a conspectus of the compilers, periods of official use, and fundamental constants of successive astronomical tables, and there is an index. N. SIVIN 894

YONG, LAM LAY. The geometrical basis of the ancient Chinese square root method. Isis, 1970, 61:92-102. Includes the translation of passages from Hsiang chieh chiu chang suan fa. 895


BRETSCHNEIDER, EMIL. Botanicon sinicum. Notes on Chinese botany from native and Western sources. 3 vols. in 2. Nendeln, Lichtenstein: Kraus Reprint, 1967. $75. Reprinted from the Journal of the North China Branch, Royal Asiatic Society, 1881-1895, vols. 16, 25, and 29. Still the leading source on Chinese botany in a Western language. N. SIVIN 896

LI HUI-LIN. The origin of cultivated plants in Southeast Asia. Econ. Bot., 1970,24:3-19. "To pursue this study, it is necessary to recognize the innate characteristics of our investigation. Cultivated plants involve two essential factors, man and plant. Thus to study the origin of these plants one must utilize both the ethnobotanical and phytogeographical viewpoints and methods." In the light of these two factors, the author discusses the history of cultivated plants in 4 regions of Southeast Asia, Northern China Belt, Southern China Belt, Southern Asia Belt, and the Southem Island Belt. Includes a discussion of earlier treatments of the origin of cultivated plants. (Alphonso de Candolle, 1855; Mendel, 1865; N. I. Vavilov, I. H. Burkhill, 1950; and C. C. Darlington, 1963.) 897

LI HUI-LIN. The vegetables of ancient China. Econ. Bot., 1969,23:253-260. "This paper is an attempt to identify the principal vegetables cultivated in ancient China and to trace the fate of these crops during the course of history." Information was mainly taken from chapters 14-29 of the Ch 'i-min-yao- shu (Essential arts for the people), a 5th or 6th-century treatise on agriculture by Chia Ssu-hsieh of the Later Huei of the Northern Dynasties. 898


ELIADE, MIRCEA. Alchemy and science in China. Hist. Religions, 1970, 10:178-182. An essay review of Nathan Sivin, Chinese alchemy: Preliminary studies (Cambridge, Mass., 1968). 899

LESSA, WILLIAM A. Chinese body divination: Its forms, affinities, and functions. xiii + 220 pp., illus., bibl. Los Angeles: United World, 1968. (Available from UCLA Students' Store, 308 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles.) $5.95. An anthropologist's monograph on the Chinese complex of physiognomy, palmistry, neomancy, metoposcopy and related techniques, descriptive (with many illustrations from ancient compendia) and comparative. The author speculates that body mantic originated in Mesopotamia before Assurbanipal and spread outward. He discusses its function in connection with man's search "for typical and recurrent regularities" in a world of flux. N. SIVIN 900



35.2 Far East: Pseudo-Science-Medicine 71

SIVIN, NATHAN. Chinese alchemy as a science. Trans. Int. Conf. Orient. Japan, 1968, 13:117-129. Informal progress report on a study of the conceptual structure of Chinese alchemy, which has been completed and will appear in J. Needham, Science and civilisation in China, vol. 5, part 2 (Cambridge Univ. Press, in press). 901


CAMERON, NIGEL. Barbarians and Mandarins: Thirteen centuries of western travellers in China. 443 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Walker, Weatherhill, 1970. $10. 902

CHANG KWANG-CHIH. The beginnings of agriculture in the Far East.Antiquity, 1970, 44:175-185. The author "sets down the archaeological and botanical evidence for the beginnings of agriculture in east and southeast Asia and argues for agricultural origins there independent of southwest Asia and middle America." From the summary. 903

HOMMEL, RUDOLF P. China at work. An illustrated record of the primitive industries of China's masses, whose life is toil, and thus an account of Chinese civilization. xii + 366 pp. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1969. A remarkable photographic survey, made in the 1920's and first published by the Bucks County Historical Society in 1937, of the tools of Chinese craftsmen, farmers, and builders. Essential. N. SIVIN 904

KELLER, H. Von der Kartographie im antiken China. Geogr. Helvetica, 1968, 22:33-34. 905


CH'EN TS'UN-JEN. Chung-kuo i-hsueh-shih t'u chien. (Illustrated history of Chinese medical sciences.) 130 pp. Hong Kong: Shanghai Printing Co., 1968. $3. As the first pictorial archive of the subject this book is invaluable, particularly since condensed English versions of the captions are provided. The author has missed no opportunity to represent legend as historical fact and to offer imaginative depictions as portraits. The final pages, labelled "Spread of Chinese medical science into Great Britain," France, the United States, Japan, etc., are largely the author's personal snapshot collection. Use with care. N. SIVIN 906

ISHIHARA, AKIRA; HOWARD S. LEVY. The Tao of sex. An annotated translation of the twenty-eighth section of The essence of medical prescriptions (Ishimpo). 241 pp. Yokohama, Japan: Shibundo, 1968. (Available from Paragon Book Gallery, 14 E. 38th St., New York, 10016.) $12.50. A collection of ancient citations on sexual hygiene (techniques aimed at medical therapy or longevity) gathered in the great Sino-Japanese compendium of medicine of 982. Appended are lightweight discussions of Chinese medicine and a well-annotated bibliography of selected books and articles of sexological import (mostly in Chinese and Japanese) which will be useful to every student of Far Eastern medicine. N. SIVIN 907

MIYASHITA, SABURO. Pancreas known by the Chinese in the Middle Ages! Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:167-171. 908

NEEDHAM, JOSEPH; LU GWEI-DJEN. Records of diseases in ancient China. Pp. 222-237 in Don Brothwell and A. T. Sandison (eds.) Diseases in Antiquity. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1967. Invaluable survey of disease entities known to the Chinese through the first millenium B.C., with attention to their conceptualization. Many scholars will find the attempt to show that leprosy is mentioned in the Confucian Analects unconvincing. N. SIVIN 909

RATCHNEVSKY, PAUL. Historisch-terminologisches Worterbuch der Yuanzeit. Medizinwesen. Unter Mitarbeit von Johann Dill und Doris Heyde (Deut. Akad. Wiss., Berlin. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Orientforschung, 66.) xix + 118 pp. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1967. DM 18.70. Limited to the identification of physicians, medical disorders, medicinal substances, and posts in the medical bureaucracy mentioned in Yuan historic and institutional collections. The compilers have not undertaken substantial new research in medicine, and work from a narrow range of medical sources mostly of indifferent quality. Since exact references to the literature are given, this work will greatly facilitate the study of Yuan medical institutions if nothing else. N. SIVIN 910

SWANSON, JERRY. A 3rd-century Taoist treatise on the nourishment of life: Hsi K'ang and his Yang- shenglun. Pp. 139-158 in Richard Tursman (ed.) Studies in philosophy and the history of science: Essays in honor ofMax Fisch. Lawrence: Coronado, 1970. 911

TOPLEY, MARJORIE. Chinese traditional ideas and the treatment of disease: Two examples from Hong Kong.Man, 1970,5:421437. A most promising study of Chinese folk conceptions of disease-how illness arises, why and how ritual (i.e. non- medicinal) treatments are supposed to work. Entirely unreliable for its distinction between folk and scholarly medicine; the author (an anthropologist) is unfamiliar with the latter and thus unaware of the great interpenetration of the two traditions. This greatly vitiates her hypotheses, but she has posed very important questions and provided precious data. N. SIVIN 912

WONG, MING. Li Che-Tchen (1518-1593) et l'apogee de la medicine traditionnelle chinoise. Episteme, 1970,4:168-180. 913



72 35.3 Pre-Columbian America 36. Renaissance: General

HS 35.3 PRE-COLUMBIAN AMERICA (to c. 1500)


GUERRA, FRANCISCO. Aztec science and technology. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:32-52. 914






HS 36. RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION, 1450-1600


AOKI, SEIZO. Science in the Renaissance. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:1-5. 915

BRUNO, GIORDANO. Lo spaccio della bestia trionfante. A cura di Antimo Negri. 197 pp. Milan: Marzorati, 1970. L 1400. 916

CLARK, CUMBERLAND. Shakespeare and science: A study of Shakespeare's interest in, and literary and dramatic use of, natural phenomena. With an account of the astronomy, astrology, and alchemy of his day, and his attitude towards these sciences. 262 pp. New York: Haskell, 1970. $10.95. Reprint of the 1929 edition. 917

CORBEAU, ANDRE. La decouverte des manuscrits de Leonard de Vinci a la Biblioth6que nationale de Madrid, codices Corvini Matritenses 8936 I-II et 8937 I-II. 30 pp. Amboise: I'auteur, 7, quai du Mail, 1969. F 6. 918

DESMAZE, CHARLES A. P. Ramus: Sa vie, ses ecrits, sa mort (15 15-1572). vi + 138 pp., bibl. Geneva: Slatkine Reprints, 1970. Sfr 30. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1864 edition. 919

DOMANDL, SEPP. Eschatologie und Ideologie bei Paracelsus. Z. Phil. Forsch., 1970,24:126-133. 920

GNEMMI, ANGELO. I1 fondamento metafisico. Analisi di struttura sulle Disputationes metaphysicae di F. Suarez. (Pubblicazioni dell'Universita Cattolica de S. Cuore. Saggi e ricerche, 4.) xii + 357 pp., bibl., index. Milan: Vita e Pensiero, 1969. 921

GORFUNKEL, ALEKSANDR K. Tommazo Kampanella. (Tommaso Campanella.) 247 pp., bibl. Moscow: Mysl', 1969. 922

KUZNETSOV, BORIS GRIGOR'EVICH. The rationalism of Leonardo da Vinci and the dawn of classical science. Diogenes, 1970, 69:1-1 1. 923

LA RAMEE, PIERRE DE. Collectaneae praefationes, epistolae, orationes. With an intro. by Walter J. Ong. xviii + 625 pp. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969. DM 94. Facsimile reprint of the Marburg 1599 edition. 924

LA RAMEE, PIERRE DE. The logike of the moste excellent philosopher P. Ramus, martyr. Trans. by Roland MacIlmaine (1574). Ed. by Catherine M. Dunn. (Renaissance editions, 3.) xxiii + 96 pp., bibl. Northridge, Calif.: San Fernando Valley State College, 1969. Translation of Dialecticae libri duo, first published in 1556. 925

LA RAMEE, PIERRE DE. Scholae in liberales artes. With an intro. by Walter J. Ong. xv + 1165 pp., index. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Basel 1569 edition. 926



36. Renaissance: General, Exact Sciences 73

NORENA, CARLOS A. Juan Luis Vives. (International archives of the history of ideas, 34.) xiii + 327 pp., bibl., index. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1970. 927

POPPI, ANTONINO. Ci fu una evoluzione in senso alessandrista nel pensiero del Pomponazzi? Rinascimento, 1968, 8:121-168. 928

RICE, EUGENE F., JR. Humanist Aristotelianism in France: Jacques Lefevre d'Etaples and his circle. Pp. 132-149 in A. H. T. Levi (ed.) Humanism in France at the end of the Middle Ages and in the early Renaissance. Manchester: Manchester Univ. Pr., 1970. 929

SECRET, FRAN?OIS. Un voyageur Espagnol en France au temps de Francois Ier. Bibltque Hum. Renaiss., 1970, 32:627-634. Concerning Bernardino Gomez Miedes (1521-1589) and some remarks of his on, among other things, alchemy. 930

SEIGEL, JERROLD E. The teaching of Argyropulos and the rhetoric of the first Humanists. Pp. 237-260 in Theodore K. Rabb and Jerrold E. Siegel (eds.) Action and conviction in early modem Europe. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1969. "One of the most influential of the Byzantines who settled in Italy during the 15th century was Joannes Argyropulos. More a philosopher than a teacher of Greek, Argyropulos helped to shape the intellectual interest of Florentines in the later Quattrocento. His own first loyalties in philosophy were to Aristotle, but his teaching also contributed to the growing enthusiasm for Plato. So large was his role in the intellectual life of Renaissance Florence that Eugenio Garni has recently found in his activity- rather than in that of Ficino-the earliest basis of the new, more strictly philosophical phase of humanist culture that emerged in the late 15th century." 931

SIMILI, ALESSANDRO. La figura e l'opera di Girolamo Cardano. Riv. Stor. Med., 1970, 14:3-18. 932

STILLWELL, MARGARET BINGHAM. The awakening interest in science during the first century of printing, 1450-1550. An annotated checklist of first editions viewed from the angle of their subject content: Astronomy, mathematics, medicine, natural science, physics, technology. xxix + 399 pp., index. New York: Bibliographical Society of America, 1970. $25. The appendices contain analytical lists of commentators, editors, places of printing, printers and publishers, and translators, and chronological lists of authors and first editions. 933

VtDRINE, HtLtNE. Arch6ologie, structure et mouvement dans la pensee de la Rdnaissance. RaisonPresente, 1967,2:63-72. 934

WARBURG, ERIK. Was the University of Christian III a twopenny university, or was the salary demanded by Leonard Fuchs unreasonable? The professor's pay in the 16th century. Centaurus, 1970, 15:72-106. 935

ZAMBELLI, PAOLA. Cornelio Agrippa nelle fonti e negli studi recenti. Rinascimento, 1968, 8:169-199. 936

ZUBOV, VASILII PAVLOVICH. Opyt nauchnyi i opyt tekhnicheskii v epokhu Renessansa. (Scientific and technical experience in the Renaissance.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:8-18. 937


BABINI, JOSE. La matematica y la astronomla renacentistas. (Enciclopedia de historia de la ciencia, 1014.) 87 pp. Buenos Aires: Centro Editor de Amdrica Latina, 1969. 938

BARBUT, MARC. En marge d'une lecture de Machiavel: "L'art de laguerre" et la praxeologie math6matique. Annls Econ. Soc. Civ., 1970, 25:567-573. 939

BEAVER, DONALD DE B. Bernard Walther [1430- 1504]: Innovator in astronomical observation. J. Hist. Astron., 1970,1:3943. "In sum, Walther's observations mark the beginning of regular and systematic observation in the Latin West, coupled with a consistent attention to noting the quality of observations, the first astronomical use of a clock, the method of substituting Venus for the Moon in relating planetary longitudes to the Sun, and the practice of taking planetary positions with respect to two fixed stars. Yet today ... references to his work in histones of astronomy are scattered and incomplete; he is most often remembered as the patron of Regiomontanus. Perhaps this is because Walther never lived to use his observations for a renewal of planetary theory." 940

BOTLEY, CECILIA M. A comet and meteors in the early 16th century. J. Br. Astr. Ass., 1970, 80:304-305. 941



74 36. Renaissance: Exact Sciences

CLAGETT, MARSHALL. Leonardo da Vinci and the medieval Archimedes. Physis, 1969, 11:100-15 1. "The author examines the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci for direct and indirect traces of the works of Archimedes. He shows that in the cases of several of Archimedes' works, Leonardo's knowledge appears to have originated in medieval sources or in Renaissance works based on medieval sources. The article also shows that Leonardo saw copies of both the medieval translation of Moerbeke (1269) and the Renaissance translation of Jacobus Cremonensis (ca. 1450). It is concluded that Leonardo's direct use of these copies was limited primarily to Archimedes' On the equilibrium of planes. The author believes that Leonardo employed both of these translations in discussions of the centers of gravity of plane figures. Finally, the author demonstrates that the long section in Codice Arundel (178v-179v) on finding two mean proportionals between two given lines is not based on Eutocius' Commentary on the equilibrium of planes (as

formerly supposed) but rather is an Italian translation of Valla's Latin translation of a passage from John Philoponus' Commentary on the posterior analytics of Aristotle." From the summary. 942

CONTI, GIOVANNA GRASSI. A new catalogue of rare 15th- and 16th-century astronomical books contained in the libraries of European observatories. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:165-166. A progress report on the cataloging of the books in 31 European observatories. 943

CONTRO, WALTER SALVATOR (et al.) Zur Kinematik der Planetenbewegung in Copernicus' Commentariolus. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:360-371. "Copernicus versucht, die Ptolemaischen Konstruktionen auf konzentrische Kreise und Epizykel zu reduzieren und aus ihnen ein wirklich einheitliches System zu schaffen. Bei der Umordnung, die er dazu vornimmt, bemiuht er sich aber, so viel wAie moglich vom Ptolemaischen System zu erhalten. Das punctum aequans ersetzt er bei den ausseren Planeten durch eine Naherungskonstruktion mit Hilfe eines Epizykels. Imfi Fall des Ptolemaischen Deferentem der Venus, der nach seinen Vorstellungen die Erdbahn wiedergibt, muss er einen dem punctum aequans annaihernd gleichwertigen Epizykelmechanismus auf die Venusbahn verpflanzen." The joint authors of this paper are: Johannes Viktor Feitzinger, Rolf Hartmann, Friedrich W. Ihloff, Hans-Georg Martl, Friedemann Rex, Matthias Schramm, and Horst Zehe. 944

COPERNICUS, NICOLAUS. Des r6volutions des orbes celestes. (Textes et traductions pour servir a l'histoire de la pens6e moderne.) Trans., avec intro. et notes par A. Koyre. Nouvelle edition. viii + 156 pp., bibl. Paris: Blanchard, 1970. F 18. First published in 1934. 945

CRAPULLI, GIOVANNI. Mathesis universalis. Genesi di un'idea nel XVI secolo. (Lessico intellettuale europeo, 2.) 285 pp. Rome: Ateneo, 1969. L4000. 946

DRAKE, STILLMAN. Renaissance music and experimental science. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:483-500. "The reciprocal influence of musical theory and practice upon early modern science . . . has been neglected by historians of science. This is somewhat surprising when we consider that music in medieval education held an equal place in the quadrivium with arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy as the recognized mathematical disciplines. For that reason alone, music might be expected to have remained rather closely associated with mathematics and science, and to have shared in their sudden transformations during the late Renaissance. I am convinced that that was indeed the case, and that the origins of the experimental aspect of modern science are to be sought in 16th-century music, just as its mathematical origins have been traced to the ancient Greek astronomers and to Archimedes." Particular attention is given to Galileo among the scientists, and Gioseffo Zarlino and G. B. Benedetti among the musicians. 947

FOLKERTS, MENSO. Ein Versuch der Kreisrekti- fication aus dem Ende des 15. Jahrunderts. Janus, 1969, 56:175-181. "Zu den zentralen Problemen der Mathematikgeschichte gehdrt die Bestimmung von Inhalt und Umfang eines Kreises. Im 15. Jahrhundert war es vor allem Nikolaus von Kues, der sich immer wieder mit dieser Frage beschlaftige. Seine Ansatze veranlassten andere Gelehrte zu weiteren Untersuchungen. Ein derartiger Versuch, die Lange eines Kreis bogens zeichnerisch zu bestimmen, findet sich in der Handschrift 103 [Anfang des 16. Jahrhunderts durch Walter von Enchusen geschrieben] der Universitatsbibliotek Groningen auf fol. 232rv. Dieser bisher unbekannte Text, der aus dem End des 15. Jahrhunderts stammt, soll im folgenden kurz erlauten werden. Eine Edition mit Ubersetzung schliesst sich an."

948

GOFF, FREDERICK R. Four issues of Abraham Zacutus' Almanach perpetuum. Gutenberg Jahrb., 1970:158-164. 949

HALL, RICHARD J. Kuhn and the Copernican revolution. Br. J. Phil. Sci., 1970,21:196-197. The author argues that Copernicus' theories on the maximum elongation of Venus and Mercury, planetary retrograde motion and opposition, and the frequency of retrogressions are superior to Ptolemy's account and therefore do not "lend rational support to Kuhn's hypothesis [in The Copernican revolution (New York, 1962) and The structure of scientific revolutions (Chicago, 1962)] of the non- rationality of scientific change."

950

JANIN, L. Note sur le cadran solaire de Brou. Astronomie, 1970, 84:83-86. An analemmatic sundial of the early 16th century.

951

JOHANSSON, ULF R. Olof Luth's astronomical textbook from 1579. J. Br. Astr. Ass., 1970, 80:374-376. 952

KAUNZNER, WOLFGANG. Uber Christoff Rudolff (1500?-1545?) und seine Coss: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Rechenkunst zu Beginn der Neuzeit. (Ver6ffentlichungen des Forschungsinstituts des Deutschen Museums fur die Geschichte der Natur- wissenschaften und der Technik, Reihe A, 67.) iv + 14 pp., bibl. Munich: Deutsche Museum, 1970. 953



36. Renaissance: Exact Sciences, Natural History 75

KAUNZNER, WOLFGANG. Uber das Zusammen- wirken von Systematik und Problematik in der friihendeutschen Algebra. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Rechenkunst zu Beginn der Neuzeit. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:299-315. "Bctween the years 1460 and 1550 the methods of solving algebraic equations rose from a rather low stage to a level never attained before. This progress was accomplished for the most part in Southern Germany. It culminated in an almost complete symbolization of equations of degree one and two of reducible higher equations." From the English summary. 954

KEMPFI, ANDRZEJ. Mikolaj Kopernik a Ludwik Vives. (Nicolaus Copernicus and Luis Vives.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15: 273-288. Attempts to show there is no evidence to indicate that Copernicus knew the works of Vives. 955

MAUROLICO, FRANCESCO. Maurelyei abbatis Prologi sive sermones quidam de divisione artium, de quantitate, de proportione. Edidit Gratianus Bellifemine. Accedunt tabulae phototypicae duae. 61 pp., 2 plts. Melphicta: Mezzina, 1968. 956

MAZAL, OTTO. Ein unbekannter astronomischer Wiegendruck. Gutenberg-Jahrb., 1969:89-90. 957

NOBIS, HERIBERT M. Die wissenschaftstheoretische Bedeutung der peripatetischen 'questione mechanicae' Bemerkungen zum Verhaltnis von 'ars' und 'scientia' im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert. Pp. 47-63 in Alvin Diemer (ed.) Der Wissenschaftsbegniff Meisenheim an Glan: Hain, 1970. 958

NORLIND, WILHELM. Tycho Brahe. :En levnad- steckning med nya bidrag belysande hans liv och verk. (SkAnsk senmedltid och renassans, 8.) xiv + 442 pp., illus., bibl., index. Lund: Gleerup, 1970. Skr 60. 959

NORTH, JOHN D. A post-Copernican equatorium. Physis, 1969, 11:418457. "Following a comprehensive description of a very fine (and of its type unique), planetary equatorium of c. 1600, some indication is given of its 16th and 17th century setting. The equatorium is naturally geocentric, inasmuch as it is a device for calculating geometric longitudes; but it shows many signs of Copernican influence, both in the parameters used for its construction and in the tables engraved upon it." From the summary. 960

PATERSON, ANTOINETTE MANN. The infinite worlds of Giordano Bruno. (American lecture series, 760.) xi + 227 pp., bibl. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1970. $14.50. 961

ROSEN, EDWARD. John Dee and Commandino. Scr. Math. (N.Y.), 1970,28:321-326. "The recovery of Euclid's lost work On divisions of figures began with the publication of De superficierum divisionibus libser Machometo Bagdedino ascriptus (Pesaro, 15 70). This title, besides announcing that Mohammed of Bagdad was the presumed author of this book On divisions of surfaces, added that it was 'now being published for the first time through the efforts of John Dee of London and Federico Commandino of Urbino'. A Latin translation of Mohammed's Arabic treatise having come into the possession of Dee (1527-1608), at Urbino, he gave a copy to Commandino (1509-75), who published it in both their names." The article discusses whether or not the transaction took place at Urbino in 1563. 962

SCHMEIDLER, FELIX. Nikolaus Kopernikus. (Grosse Naturforscher, 34.) 246 pp., illus., maps, ports., bibl., index. Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, 1970. 963

SCHULING, HERMANN. Die Geschichte der axiomatischen Methode im 16. und beginnenden 17. Jahrhundert. Wandlung der Wissenschaftsauffassung. (Studien und Materialien zur Geschichte der Philosophie, 13.) 199 pp., bibl. Hildesheim: Olms, 1969. DM 39.80. 964

SMEUR, A. J. E. M. Algebra in een zeldzame zestiende-eeuwse antwerpse uitgave. Scientiarum Hist., 1970, 12:53-62. Concerning a rare 16th-century booklet Insulae Melitensis, quam alias Maltam vocant, historia, by Wilhelm Klebitius, which contains algebraic problems.

965

VIETE, FRANIOIS. Opera mathematica, recognita Francisci a Schooten. Vorwort und Register von Joseph E. Hofmann. xxxiv + 554 pp. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Leyden 1646 edition.

966


BEMBO, PIETRO. De Aetna liber. On- Etna. 148 pp., plt. Verona: Bodoni, 1969. Latin and English; English version by Betty Radice. Limited to 125 copies. 967

GESNER, KONARD. Vogelbuch. 269 leaves + 24 pp., illus. Zurich: Stocker-Schmid, 1969. $115.50. Facsimile reprint of the Zurich 1557 edition, with a "Synoptisches Verzeichnis der Vogelnamen" compiled by Vinzenz Ziswiler. 968



76 36. Renaissance: Natural History-Technology

KLEMM, FRITZ. Die Witterungsbeobachtungen im frankisch-bayerischen Raum aus dem ersten Drittel des 16. Jahrhunderts unter besonderer Beruck- sichtigung der Aufschreibungen des Regensburger Weihbischofs Dr. Peter Kraft von 1503 bis 1529. Gesnerus, 1970,27:64-84. 969

LENKE, WALTER. Das Klima Ende des 16. und Anfang des 17. Jahrhunderts nach Beobachtungen von Tycho de Brahe auf Hven, Leonhard III. Treuttwein in Furstenfeld und David Fabricius in Ostfriesland. (Berichte des Deutschen Wetterdienstes, Nr. 110, Bd. 15.) 49 pp. Offenbach a.M.: Dt. Wetterdienst, 1968. 970

PELNER, LOUIS. Three Marrano-Jewish medical botanists of 16th-century Spain. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:581-584. Surveys the work of Amatus Lusitanus, Garcia da Orta, and Christoval Acosta. 971

TABOR, EDWARD. Plant poisons in Shakespeare. Econ. Bot., 1970,24:81-94. "Plant poisons are pivotal in the action of William Shakespeare's theatre. They precipitate plots, as in Hamlet; and they culminate plots, as in Romeo and Juliet. They indicate Shakespeare's knowledge of plant lore, and they are representative of botanical concepts of the 16th and early 17th centuries." 972

VANDEWIELE, L. J. Den Herbarius in dyetsche en de verwantschap met Herbarius latinus en Herbarius in latino cum figuris. Biol. Jaarb., 1965, 33:419-514. 973


JONG, HELENA M. E. Michael Maier'sAtalanta fugiens: Sources of an alchemical book of emblems. (Janus, supplement 8.) xi + 461 pp., illus., bibl. Leiden: Brill, 1969. 974

KELLEY, EDWARD. The alchemrical writings. Trans. from the Hamburg edition of 1676, and ed. with a biographical preface. lxvii + 153 pp., illus. New York: Weiser, 1970. $8.50. Reprint of the 1893 edition. 975

KRIVATSY, PETER. Metaphysical symbolism in 16th- and 1 7th-century medicine. J. Am. Med. Ass., 1970, 212(1):1 15-120. Concerned primarily with alchemical and astrological symbolism. 976

MACFARLANE, ALAN. Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart England: A regional and comparative study. xxi + 334 pp., plts., maps, bibl., index. London: Routledge & K. Paul; New York: Harper & Row, 1970. ?4.50; $2.95 (paper). 977

MONTER, E. WILLIAM. Inflation and witchcraft: The case of Jean Bodin. Pp. 371-389 in Theodore K. Rabb and Jerrold E. Siegel (eds.) Action and conviction in early modem Europe. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1969. 978

POMPONAZZI, PIETRO. De naturalium effectuum causis; sive, De incantationibus. 327 pp. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Basel 1567 edition. 979


BARENTSZ, WILLEM. Caertboeck van de Midlandtsche Zee. Amsterdam, 1595. With an intro. by C. Koeman. (Theatrum orbis terrarum, 5th series, 4.) xi + 11301 pp., maps. Amsterdam: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1970. 980

BELLONI, LUIGI. Testimonianze dell'anatomico Bartolomeo Eustachi per la storia del "compasso geometrico et militare". Con un contributo al problema del luogo e della data di morte dell' Eustachi. Physis, 1969, 11:69-88. 981

BURMEISTER, KARL HEINZ. Georg Joachim Rheticus as a geographer and his contribution to the first map of Prussia. Imago Mundi, 1970, 23:73-76. "The map of Prussia published at Nurnberg in 1542 and discovered in the Marciana in Venice only in the present century by Guiseppe Caraci, has been the subject of several studies in the history of cartography. Until recently, Heinrich Zell (c. 1564) was thought to have been its sole author. It is now known, however, that about the same time two other scholars were working on a map of Prussia, the great Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473- 1543) and his pupil Georg Joachim Rheticus (1514-1574). Although neither the map of Prussia by Copernicus nor that by Rheticus has been found, it is clear that both scholars enter into the history of geography and cartography."

982

DE BOER, G.; RALEIGH A. SKELTON. The earliest English chart with soundings. Imago Mundi, 1970, 23:9-16. "The manuscript chart here described, which was drawn ... about 1560, represents the Yorkshire coast and the Humber cstuary, where the Trinity House of Hull, founded in 1369 and particularly concerned with mariners' affairs from 1456, received its first charter from King Henry VIII in 1541. The interest of the chart lies in (a) the historical context in which it seems to have been prepared, (b) its detailed representation of hydrographic detail and conditions of navigation, (c) its topographical delineation of an extensive tract of country, and (d) the evidence which it offers on coastal morphology and evaluation." 983



36. Renaissance: Technology, Medicine 77

EDWARDS, CLINTON R. Mapping by questionnaire: An early Spanish attempt to determine New World geographical positions. ImagoMundi, 1970, 23:17-28. "During the latter part of the 16th century Spain made a concerted effort to determine precisely the geographical positions of cities, towns ,and villages in her growing New World empire. Methods using celestial observations, known only to trained cosmographers, were translated into simple language and techniques so that untrained observers could provide map information for use by experts in Spain. Instructions and questionnaires were distributed widely, requiring observations of noon sun, Polaric, and lunar eclipses; determination of direction and distance; and sketch maps. On the whole, the response to the instructions for celestial observations were inadequate for mapping purposes, but the records yield information on early methods of determining positions. Better results were obtained through a questionnaire that included items on directions and distances among settlements." 984

FURLONG, G. A map of Juan Sebastiain del Cano. Imago Mundi, 1970,23:77-80. Discussion of a map of the region of Rio de la Plata, the Patagonian coasts and the Strait of Magellan apparently drawn in 1523. 985

GOODY, BRIAN R. Mapping "Utopia": A comment on the geography of Sir Thomas More. Geogrl Rev., 1970, 60:15-30. 986

GUILLEN, J. F.; R. BARREIRO-MEIRO. A 16th- century chart of the coasts of Chile and Peru. ImagoMundi, 1970,23:96-98. 987

HALL, BERT S. A revolving bookcase by Agostino Ramelli. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:389400. "Although its worth as a piece of furniture seems somewhat dubious, Rameili's bookcase does present several problems to the historian; these can be grouped into (1) those centering on its sources, both as a revolving bookcase and as an epicyclic gearing system, and (2) those centering on the fact that this figure was persistently misunderstood from the 17th to the 20th centuries." 988

HERESBACH, KONRAD. Vier Bucher uber Land- wirtschaft. (Rei rusticae libri quatuor.) Nachdruck der lateinischen Originalausgabe Koln 1570, mit deutscher Ubersetzung und kritischen Kommentar hrsg. von Wilhelm Abel. Band I: Von Landbau, hrsg. von Wilhelm Abel. Ubersetzung mit kritischem Quellennachweis von Helmut Dreitzel. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970. DM 39.50. Facsimile of the original Latin text, and German translation and commentary on facing pages. 989

KELLER, ALEX G. A Renaissance humanist looks at "new" inventions: The article "Horologium" in Giovanni Tortelli's De orthographia. Technology Cult., 1970,11:345-365. "Lists of inventions are often adduced in the later 16th and 17th centuries to demonstrate that the arts do progress, and that the man of that time enjoyed many practical advantages which the ancients had lacked and from lack of which they suffered. Although it was only in the last years of the 16th century that this idea came to be widely expressed, the first such catalog is to be found much earlier, in a humanist text of the Quattrocento, written by the Vatican librarian Tortelli [b. 1400] ." Included are the Latin text and an English translation of the "Horologium". 990

LEVI, ANNALINA; MARIO LEVI. Itineraria picta: Contributo allo studio della Tabula Peutingeriana. (Studi e materiali del Museo dell'Impero Romano, 7.) 253 pp., 53 plts., bibl. Rome: Bretschneider, 1967. A detailed study of the 1507 strip map known as the Peutinger Table. 991

PAFFARD, MICHAEL. A 16th-century farmer's year. Hist. Today, 1970, 20:397-403. A discussion and sampling of Thomas Tusser's popular writings on husbandry. 992

PIASKOWSKI, JERZY. Ze studi6w nad poematem hutniczym W. Rozdziefiskiego Officina ferraria. (A study of Walenty Roidziefiski's poem on foundries Officina ferraria.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:31-56. This poem, published in Cracow in 1612, contains much technical information on mining and the smelting of iron in 16th-century Poland. With an English summary. 993

QUINN, DAVID B. Thomas Hariot and the Virginia voyages of 1602. Will. Mary Q., 1970, 2 7:268-28 1. As a friend and advisor to Sir Walter Raleigh, Hariot was active in planning voyages to Virginia. Among his papers are plans for provisioning the voyage of Samuel Mace in 1602, whose main purpose was to bring back medicinal roots. 994

ULBRICH, KARL. Wiener Langenmasse des XVI. Jahrhunderts.BI. Tech.-Gesch., 1969,31:91-101. 995


ARTELT, WALTER. Deutsche Arzte uber den sudlichen Himmel und das Land Brasilien 1500-1650. Medizinhist. J., 1970,5:95-105. 996

BARON FERNANDEZ, JOSE. Miguel Servet (Miguel Serveto), su vida y su obra. Pr6logo de Pedro Lain Entralgo. 337 pp., plts., bibl., index. Madrid: Espaso-Calpe, 1970. 997

BLEKER, JOHANNA. Die Harndiagnostik des Leonhard Thurneysser zum Thurn. Deut. Arztebl.-Arztl. Mitt., 1970,43:3202-3209. 998

BRUNSCHWIG, HIERONYMUS. Dis ist das Buch der Cirurgia. Hantwirchung der Wundartzny. cxxviii pp., illus. Munich: Kolbl, 1968. DM 68. Facsimile reprint of the Strassburg 1497 edition. 999

BURLATS-BRUN, PIERRE. Un compere peu connu de Louis XI: Maitre Guillaume Brun (1430-1509), conseiller et medecin royal. 85 pp., illus. Montpellier: Dehan, 1969. 1000



78 36. Renaissance: Medicine

CATUREGLI, GIUSEPPE. Simone Simoni, medico insigne del secolo XVI. (Scientia veterum, 147.) 111 pp., bibl. Pisa: Giardini, 1970. 1001

COLOMBO, REALDO. Realdi Columbi Cremonensis De re anatomica libri XV. 269 pp. Brussels: Culture et Civilisation, 1969. Bfr 850. Facsimile reprint of the Venice 1559 edition. 1002

DURER, ALBRECHT. Vier Bucher menschlicher Proportion. [Faksimiledruck nach der Urausgabe von 1528. Kommentar] Max Steck: Albrecht Diirer als Kunsttheoretiker. Die geistes- und problemges- chichtliche Stelling seiner Proportionslehre im Kunstraum der Renaissance. 2 vols., illus., plts. Zurich: Stocker, 1969. DM 400. 1003

DURUING, RICHARD J. An early manual for the medical student and the newly-fledged practitioner: Martin Stainpeis' Liber de modo studendi seu legendi in medicina ([Vienna] 1520). Cio Medica, 1970, 5:7-33. "English readers. . appear to be unfamiliar with IStainpeis'] work. The present paper therefore presents substantial extracts in Engjish translation and/or paraphrase, and attempts to place the treatise in its historical context."

1004

GREINER, KARL. Zur Umwelt des Paracelsus bei seiner Wanderung im siidwestdeutschen Raum. Z. Wurt. Landesgesch., 1968,27:142-151. 1005

GRMEK, MIRKO DRAZEN. La faculte de medecine de Paris au XVIe siecle. Annls tcon. Soc. Civ., 1970,25:614-615. Essay review of Commentaires de la faculte de m6decine de l'Universite de Paris (1516-1560) intro. et notes par M.-L. Concasty (Paris, 1964). 1006

KEMP, MARTIN. A drawing for the Fabrica, and some thoughts upon the Vesalius muscle-men. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:277-288. The author contends that "the documentary and visual evidence is gently inclined in favor of [Jan Steven van Kalkar's] authorship of the muscle-men." 1007

LECOCQ, PASCAL. La biblioteca medica di Pasquale Le Coq (Callus) sec. XVI,. [A cura]- Giovanni Maria Obinu. (Scientia veterum, 151-152.) 2 vols. Genoa: Scuola Grafica Don Bosco, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Basel 1590 edition. 1008

LEVEY, MARTIN. The Italian pharmacopoeia and the influence of medieval Arabic pharmacy. Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:13-15. The pharmacopoeia under discussion is Nuovo receptario composto dal famossisimo chollegio degli eximii doctori della arte et medicina della inclita cipta di Firenze (Florence 1498/9). 1009

MAVIGLIA, ALESSANDRO. Une lettre de;Valerius Cordus sur les trochisques de vipere et sur quelques simples.RevueHist..Pharm., 1970,20:83-92. "Il s'agit d'une missive adressee en avril 1544 a Andreas Aurifaber, celebre medecin de 1'epoque. Nous en reproduisons ci-apros le texte accompagne d'un essai de traduction." 1010

MORAES, G. M. Garcia da Orta's Colloquies and the introduction of western medicine in Asia. Pp. 135- 140 in Studies in Asian History, Proceedings of the Asian History Congress. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1969. 1011

O'MALLEY, CHARLES D. Niccolo' Massa. Physis, 1969, 11:458468. Massa was a medical graduate of Padua, a successful practitioner in Venice, and author of Liber introductorius anathomiae (1536). 1012

RICETTARIO FIORENTINO, 1498. Facsimile dell'esemplare palatino E. 6.1.27 della Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze. Con una nota di Luigi Crocetti. (Collana di facsimili, 2.) 92 leaves. Florence: Biblioteca,Nazionale Centrale, 1968. 1013

RUMBAUT, RUBEN D. The case of the two "Huartes": A historical confusion. Bull. Menninger Clin., 1970,34:284-291. "Both of these 16th-century men [Juan de Dios Huarte de San Juan and Juan Ciudad Duarte] have markedly influenced psychiatric history and deserve a place of honor in the annals of medicine." From the summary.

1014

SIEFERT, HELMUT. Hygiene in utopischen Entwurfen des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts. Medizinhist. J., 1970,5:2441. 1015

SZANCER, HENRYK. Vitale and Antonio de' Medici, two Florentine doctors of physic. Episteme, 1969, 3:252-261. Vitale de' Medici (c. 1538-1615) and his son Antonio de' Medici (157?-1656). 1016

VALETTE, SIMONNE. Lucas Cranach et la pharmacie. Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20:119-124. In 1520 Lucas Cranach the Elder, engraver, painter, and friend of Martin Luther, bought a pharmacy that remained in his family for two centuries. 1017

VERMEER, HANS J. Ein "ludicium urinarum" des Dr. Augustin Streicher aus dem Cod. Wellc. 589. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:1-19. Several pages of introduction are followed by a transciption of the treatise. 1018

WALTHER, HELMUT. Johann Tollat von Vochenberg. Zu seiner Biographie und seinem Arzneibuch (1497). Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:277-293. 1019



37 17th & 18th Centuries: General 79

HS 37. SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES

a. General histories and histories of science; philosophy (includes biographies, the items under B, philosophy, natural philosophy, and theological writings relating to scientific problems)

AGASSI, JOSEPH. The origins of the Royal Society. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:117-135. Discusses Margery Purver's The Royal Society: Concept and creation (London, 1967) and the introduction to it by H. R. Trevor-Roper. 1020

AUSTIN, WILLIAM H. Isaac Newton on science and religion. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:521-542. "In Part I, I survey his theological writings, with a view to showing what his main theological concerns were, and how he conceived of religion. Given this conception and these concerns, it is not surprising that his theological writings show very little or no trace of influence from his scientific ideas. However ... it is in theological excurses in the Prncipia, the Opticks, and certain letters that we fmd Newton's so-called 'scientific theism' adumbrated. In Part II, I discuss these passages and their consistency with the content of his theological books and papers, leaving the question of their relation to his maxim [separating religion and philosophyl for Part III.", 1021

BARGENDA, UDO WILHELM; JURGEN BLtHDORN (eds.) Systemprinzip und Vielheit der Wissenschaften. Vortrige an der Westfalischen Wilhelms-Universitat Msinster aus Anlass des 250. Todestages von Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. (Studia Leibnitiana, Sonderheft 1.) [vii] + 163 pp. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1969. DM 32. Contents: Yvon Belaval: Leibniz und der philosophische Ansatz bei Descartes. Heinz Gollwitzer. Leibniz als welt- politischer Denker. Tilemann Grimm: China und das Chinabild von Leibniz. Martial Gueroult: Raum, Zeit, KontinuitAt und Principium indiscemibilium. Hans Hermes: Ideen von Leibniz zur Grundlagenforschung: Die ars inveniendi und die s iudicandi. Erich Hochstetter: LeibnLz als geistegeschichtliches Problem. Helmut Hdlder: Leibniz' erdgesciicl tliche IKonzeptionen. Friedrich Kaulbach: Leibniz' Begriff der Philosophie. Karl E. Rothschuh: Leibniz und die Mediin seiner Zeit. 1022

BAYLE, PIERRE. Projet et fragtnens dun dictionaire critique. xliv + 401 pp. Geneva: Slatkine Reprints, 1970. Sfr 80 ($19.) Facsimile reprint of the Rotterdam 1692 edition. 1023

BERTMAN, MARTIN A. Rational pursuit in Spinoza's Tractatus de intellectus emendatione. New Scholast., 1970,44:236-248. "This article examines Spinoza's Tractatus de intellectus emendatione (Treatise on the improvement of the understanding),a rather neglected predecessor of the Ethics... The advantage in saudying the Emendatione is as a succinct and germinal introduction to the Ethics, and also, in its own right, as a work unimpeded by the geometric form of the later work, presenting the full impact of what we call Spinoza's 'rational pursuit': his view that the maturity and adequacy of human life must be grounded in the improvement and correct use of the understanding." 1024

BIEDERMANN, ALFRED (ed.) La philosophie des Lumieres dans sa dimension Europbenne, II. Textes des grands auteurs allemands, anglais, fran9ais, italiens, neerlandais et suisse, choisis par la Com- mission litteraire de I'Association europeene des enseignants. Pr6sent6s avec une intro., des tableaux chronologique, un index des auteurs, un questionnaire, des notes explicatives et des sujets de devoirs. 114 pp., plts. Paris: Larousse, 1969. 1025

BRANCATO, FRANCESCO (et al.) Vico nel Risorgitnento. 238 pp. Palermo: Flaccovio, 1969. L 2500. 1026

BROADIE, FREDERICK. An approach to Descartes' Meditations. x + 230 pp., index. London: Athlone Pr., 1970. 60s. 1027

BUGYI, BALAZS. Bicentenary of the foundation of the mining academy of Hungary at Selmac. Med. Hist., 1970,14:403404. During the 18th century the academy included vigorous medical, botanical, and chemical instruction and research.

1028

BULLOUGH, VERN L. (ed.) The scientific revolution. 129 pp., illus. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. 1029

BYRNES, DON R. The pre-Revolutionary career of Provost William Smith, 1751-1780. Diss. Abs. Int. 1970,30:4361-A. Dissertation at Tulane Univ., 1969. Chairman: Hugh F. Rankin. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6384. 280 pp. $3.60. Smith was the "provost of the only degree-granting institution in colonial Pennsylvania... and] active participant in the scientific endeavors of the American Philosophical Society". 1030

CAMPBELL, BLAIR. La Mettrie: The robot and the automaton. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:555-572. Discusses the impact of Julien La Mettrie's scientific ideas on the philosophes and their ultimate rejection of La Mettrie.

1031

CARAMELLA, SANTINO. Gli studi Cartesiani in Italia nell'ultimo venticinquennio (1945-1969). Cultura Scuola, 1969, 8(31):75-84. An essay review of recent Italian work on Descartes.

1032

CARVIN, WALTER P. The concept of creation in Leibniz: In relation to early modern science and in comparison to Thomas Aquinas. Diss. Abs. It., 1970,30:3050-A. Dissertation at Princeton Theological Seminar 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-21916. 193 pp. i3.

1033

CLARK, GEORGE N. Science and social welfare in the age of Newton. 2nd edition. [8] + 161 pp., bibl., index. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. $4.95. 1034



80 37. 17th & 18th Centuries: General

CONDORCET, MARIE JEAN ANTOINE DE. floges de acad6miciens de l'Academie royale des Sciences morts depuis 1666, jusqu'en 1699. vi + 170 pp. Paris: Foundation Singer-Polignac, 1968. F 25. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1773 edition. 1035

CORDEMOY, GERAUD DE. Oeuvres philosophiques. Avec une Etude biobibliographique. Edition critique pres6nt6e par Pierre Clair et Fran ois Girbal. (Le mouvement des iddes au XVIIe siecle, 6.) 384 pp., port., bibl. Paris: Presses Universitaires de Frarnce, 1968. F 58. 1036

COUZIN, ROBERT A. Leibniz, Freud and Kabbala. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:335-348. 1037

CROMBIE, ALISTAIR C. Historians and the Scientific Revolution. Physis, 1969, 11:167-180. "The historians of the 17th and 18th centuries fitted the origins of modern science into a view of European history worked out earlier for other activities. After the renaissance of classical models of the Florentine political, literary and art historians, and the return of the religious reformers to the model of the early Church, came the recovery of ancient models by the humanist scientific reformers. Each used an interretation of history to justify a programine of current refonn and future action, leadiing at least in art and science to an optimistic appreciation of the achievement of something entirely new. Modern historiography of science and many of its attitudes arose out of this dual analysis both of history and of scieaice." From the summary. 1038

DAfI M, JOHN J. Science and religion in 18th-century Ergland: The early Boyle Lectures and the Bridge- water Treatises. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3881-A. Dissertation at Case Western Reserve Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-5086. 242 pp. $3.15. "Similar in their purpose and scope, the early Boyle Lectures and the Bridgewater Treatises bracket the 18th century. Their juxtaposition affords a clue to the changing relationship between science and religion during this period." 1039

DESCARTES, RENE. Descartes. [Choix de textes.] Presente par Henri Montias. (Un savant dans le texte.) 67 pp., illus., bibl. Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1969. F 5. 1040

DESCARTES, RENt. The essential Descartes. Ed. and with an intro. by Margaret D. Wilson. 384 pp., bibl. New York: New American Library, 1969. $1.25 (paper). 1041

DESCARTES, RENE. Philosophical letters. Trans. and ed. by Anthony Kenny. xiii + 270 pp. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 55s. 1042

FELLOWS, OTIS. From Voltaire to La nouvelle critique: Problems and personalities. With an intro. by Norman L. Torrey. (Histoire des idees et critique litterarie, 105.) 207 pp. Geneva: Droz, 1970. 1043

FICHTE, JOHANN GOTTLIEB. Conf6rences sur la destination du savant (1794). Intro. histoirque, trad. et commentaire par Jean-Louis Vieillard-Baron. Preface de A. Philonenko. 165 pp., index. Paris: Vrin, 1969. 1044

FICHTE, JOHANN GOTTLIEB. Gesamtausgabe. Band 1, 4: Werke 1797-1798. Hrsg. von Reinhard Lauth und Hans Gliwitsky, unter Mitwirkung von Richard Schottky. vi + 517 pp., index. Band III, 2: Briefwechsel 1793-1795. Hrsg. von Reinhard Lauth und Hans Jacob, unter Mitwirkung von Hans Gliwitsky und Manfred Zahn. 510 pp., index. Stuttgart: Frommann, 1970. DM 11 8; DM 118. 1045

FICHTE, JOHANN GOTTLIEB. Science of knowledge (Wissenschaftslehre), with the first and second introductions. Ed. and trans. by Peter Heath and John Lachs. xxii + 298 pp. New York: Appleton- Century-Crofts, 1970. 1046

FONTENELLE, BERNARD LE BOVIER DE. The achievement of Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle. Assembled with translations and an intro. by Leonard M . Marsak. (Sources of science, 76.) cxiv + 152 + 227 + 41 pp. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1970. Contents: Intro. by L. M. Marsak. A plurality of worlds. The history of oracles and the cheats of the pagan priests. Discourse concerning the ancients and the modems. Selections from Oeuvres. 1047

FRANKFURT, HARRY G. Demons, dreamers, and madmen: The defense of reason in Descartes' Meditations. ix + 193 pp. Indianapolis: Bobbs- Merrill, 1970. $7.95. 1048

GARGANI, ALDO G. Funzione dell'immaginazione e modelli della spiegazione scientifica in Harvey e Cartesio. Riv. Crit. Stor. Fil., 1970, 25:250-274. 1049

GEWIRTH, ALAN. The Cartesian circle reconsidered. J. Phil., 1970, 67:668-685. The first article in a Descartes symposium. The others: Anthony Kenny: The Cartesian circle and etemal truths. Virgil C. Aldrich: The pineal gland updated. 1050

GIANNELLONI, PAUL. L'idee de la "science nouvelle": Notes sur la prolematique de G. B. Vico. RaisonPrtsente, 1970,13:57-72. 1051

GLANVILL, JOSEPH. Essays on several important subjects in philosophy and religion. With a new intro. by Richard H. Popkin. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1970. Reprint of the 1676 edition. 1052



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: General 81

GLANVILL, JOSEPH. The vanity of dogmatizing: The three versions. With a critical intro. by Stephen Medcalf. (Harvester Renaissance library, 1.) lv + 256 + 184 + 33 pp., bibl. Brighton, Sussex: Harvester Pr., 1970. ?8. Facsimile reprints of The vanity of dogmatizing (London, 1661), Scepsis scientifica (London, 1665), and Essays on several important subjects in philosophy and religion (London, 1676). 1053

GLIOZZI, MARIO. Alle origini della stampa periodica scientifica. Cultura Scuola, 1970, 9(33-34):346-352. 1054

GOUHIER, HENRI. Maine de Biran par lui-meme. (Ecrivains de toujours, 88.) 189 pp., illus., bibl., index. Paris: editions du Seuil, 1970. 1055

GREAVES, RICHARD L. The Puritan revolution and educational thought: Background for reform. ix + 188 pp., bibl., index. New Brunswick: Rutgers Univ. Pr., 1969. Chapter 4, pp. 63-92, is concerned with "Educational reform in the sciences." 1056

GRIGOR'IAN, ASHOT TIGRANOVICH. Leibniz and Russia. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:196-208. 1057

GUEROULT, MARTIAL. Etudes sur Descartes, Spinoza, Malebranche et Leibniz. (Studien und Materialien zur Geschichte der Philosophie, 5.) 290 pp. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. DM 39.80. A collection of previously published essays. 1058

GUTZEN, DIETER. Essay review of Roland Mortier, Diderot in Deutschland, 1 750-1850 (Stuttgart, 1967). Arcadia, 1970,5:102-106. 1059

HALL, MARIE BOAS (ed.) Nature and nature's laws: Documents of the Scientific Revolution. xii + 381 pp., index. New York: Walker, 1970. $8.50. A book of readings from early in the 16th century to about 1790. 1060

HAMILTON, HORACE E. Travel and science in Thomson's Seasons. Diss Abs. Int., 1970,30: 4945-A. Dissertation at Yale Univ., 1941. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-9962. 369 pp. $4.75. "[James] Thomson seems to have put into practice the idea that poetry can draw wholesome nourishment from science." 1061

HANKINS, THOMAS L. Jean d'Alembert: Science and the Enlightenment. xi + 260 pp., bibl., index. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 70s. 1062

HARTLIB, SAMUEL. Samuel Hartlib and the advancement of learning. Ed. by Charles Webster. x + 220 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. Selections from his writings on education. 1063

HAUBELT, JOSEF. Ke vzniku Soukrome ucene spolecnosti. (On the origin of the Private Learned Society.) Dfjiny V6d Tech., 1969,2:247-253. Concludes that the Society was founded some time between June 20, 1773 and August 20, 1774, and describes the leading role of Ignaz Born in organizing its foundation. 1064

HEIMSOETH, HEINZ. Studien zur Philosophie Immanuel Kants, II. Methodenbegriffe der Erfahrungswissenschaften und Gegensatzlichkeiten spekulativer Weltkonzeption. (Kantstudien Erganzungshefte, 100.) ix + 280 pp. Bonn: Bouvier, 1970. 1065

HEINEKAMP, ALBERT. Ein ungedruckter Brief Descartes' an Roderich Dotzen. Studia Leib., 1970,2:1-12. Presents and comments upon the following brief letter: "Ce que vous me fistes voir dernierement de vostre fagon m'a fait croyre que vous estes si avanc6 en Mathematique, qu'il est besoin que vous ayez des disciples a qui vous puissiez departir ce que vous aurez de trop de science, et pour ce sujet je vous adresse monsieur Picot homme de condition et de merite qui est l'un de mes plus intimes amis: car s'estant propos6 de passer quelque tems a Utrecht, et ayant desir d'y aprendre le calcul de ma Geometrie, j'ay pense que ne scachant point du tout le Flament il luy sera tres malayse de trouver intelligence avec Waessenaer qui ne scait aucune autre langue, si ce n'est que vous soyez assez charitable pour luy vouloir servir d'interprete: Et je vous connois pour tels lun et l'autre que je me promets que vous me scaurez gr6 de ce que je vous auray liez de connoissance." 1066

HILL, CHRISTOPHER. "Reason" and "reasonableness" in 1 7th-century England. Br. J. Sociol., 1969, 20:235-252. Includes some discussion of these concepts in 17th-century science. 101 references. 1067

HOPPEN, K. THEODORE. The common scientist in the 17th century: A study of the Dublin Philosophical Society, 1683-1708. xiv + 297 pp., bibl., index. Charlottesville, Va.: Univ. Virginia Pr.; London: Routledge & K. Paul, 1970. $7.50. 1068

HOWELL, WILBUR SAMUEL. John Locke and the new logic. Pp. 423-452 in Theodore K. Rabb and Jerrold E. Siegel (eds.) Action and conviction in early modern Europe. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1969. 1069

HUARD, PIERRE A. Science, medecine, pharmacie de la Revolution a l'Empire (1789-1815). Avec la collaboration de M.D. Grmek. 382 pp., illus., ports., plts., bibl., index. Paris: Dacosta, 1970. F 130. 1070




HUTIN, SERGE. Leibniz a-t-il subi l'influence d'Henry More? Studia Leib., 1970,2:59-62. 1071

ISOLDI, ANGELA MARIA JACOBELLI. La Scienza nuova [di Vico] e le scienze. Clio, 1968, 4:356-373. 1072

JAYNES, JULIAN. The problem of animate motion in the 17th century. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:219-234. "Campanella in his Neapolitan prison, when he understood what Copernicus was saying, that the earth really moved, exclaimed, 'Mundum esse animal, totum sentiens!' In a world so sentient and alive, motion is everywhere. And one of the major intellectual developments of the 17th century gathered itself to this theme. I shall try to show in this essay that when this idea of animate motion is clarified, one result is the sorting out of the sciences by their subject matter as we know them today."

1073

JOSEPHS, HERBERT. Diderot's dialogue of language and gesture: Le neveu de Rameau. xv + 228 pp., bibl., index. Athens: Ohio State Univ. Pr., 1969. 1074

KANGRO, HANS. Martin Fogel aus Hamburg als Gelehrter des 17. Jahrhunderts. Ural-Altaische Jahrb., 1969,41:14-31. 1075

KANT, IMMANUEL. Kant's inaugural dissertation of 1770. Trans. into English with an intro. and discussion by William J. Eckoff. 101 pp. New York: AMS Pr., 1970. Reprint of the 1894 edition. 1076

KANT, IMMANUEL. Metaphysical foundations of natural science. Trans. with intro. and essay by James Ellington. xxxi + 230 pp. Indianapolis: Bobbs- Merrill, 1970. $2.95 (paper). 1077

KONIG, GERT. Die Leibniz-Rezeption in statistischen. Bild. Studia Leib., 1970,2:56-59. A statistical analysis of the material in Kurt Muller's Leibniz-Bibliographie (Frankfurt am Main, 1967). 1078

LACROZE, RENE. Maine de Biran. 245 pp., port., bibl., index. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. F 23. 1079

LAUCH, ANNELIES. Wissenschaft und kulturelle Beziehungen in den Russischen Aufklarung: Zum Wirken H. L. Ch. Bachmeisters. (Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fir Slawistik, 51.) 444 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1969. DM 48. 1080

LEPPMANN, WOLFGANG. [Johann Joachim] Winckelmann. xx + 312 + xii pp., illus., ports., bibl. New York: Knopf, 1970. $10. 1081

LICHTENBERG, GEORG CHRISTOPH. Lichtenberg's visit to England, as described in his letters and diaries. Trans. and annotated by Margaret L. Mare and W. H. Quarrell. 130 pp., bibl. New York: Blom, 1969. $12.50. 1082

LINDEBOOM, GERRIT A. (ed.) Boerhaave and his time: Papers read at the international symposium in commemoration of the tercentenary of Boerhaave's birth, Leiden, 15-16 November 1968. (Analecta Boerhaaviana, 6.) ix + 174 pp., plts., bibl., index. Leiden: Brill, 1970. Contents: F. L. R. Sassen: The intellectual climate in Leiden in Boerhaave's time. J. Dankmeijer: Is Boerhaave's fame deserved? G. A. Lindeboom: Boerhaave's impact on medicine. L. Premuda: Beobachtungen und kritische Betrachtungen iuber die methodologische Grundlage von Herman Boerhaave. L. S. King: Precursors of Boerhaave's Institutiones medicae. L. Belloni: Boerhaave et la doctrine de la glande. A. M. Luijendifk-Elshout: The anatomical illustrations in the London edition (1741) of part I of Herman Boerhaave's Institutiones medicae. B. P. M. Schulte: The concepts of Boerhaave on psychic function and psychopathology. F. Greenaway: Boerhaave's influence on some 18th-century chemists. W. T. Stearn: Boerhaave as a botanist. E. Lesky: Vom Hippokratismus Boerhaaves und De Haens. E. Hintzesche: Boerhaaviana aus der Burgerbiliothek in Bern. J. Dankmeijer, Th. Roell: Nicolaas Bidloo and the Institution of Medical Education in Moscow. 1083

LOKKEN, ROY N. The social thought of James Logan. Will. Mary Q., 1970,27:68-89. As an 18th-century jurist and scientist Logan "contributed indirectly to the quest for a virtuous and orderly republic that would reflect the cosmic harmony of the Newtonian universe". 1084

LOUGH, JOHN. The Encyclopedie in 18th-century England, and other studies. viii + 256 pp., bibl., index. Newcastle upon Tyne: Oriel Pr., 1970. 81s. Contents: The Encyclopedie in 18th-century England. Louis, Chevalier de Jaucourt (1704-1780): A biographical sketch. Two unsolved problems, Mme. Geoffrin and the Encyclopedie. Luneau de Boisjermain v. the publishers of the Encyclopedie. The problem of the unsigned articles. 1085

MALEBRANCHE, NICHOLAS. Oeuvres completes. [Tome 21 ]. Index des citations bibliques, par Pierre Clair. Index des citations patristiques, Michel Lacombe. Index des citations philosophiques et scientifiques, par Andrd Robinet. 400 pp. Paris: Vrin, 1970. 1086

MANDEVILLE, BERNARD. The fable of the bees. Ed. with an intro. by Phillip Harth. 416 pp. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970. 8s (paper). "In this edition I have tried to offer a text which ... represents his final intention as to its wording. Since none of the editions in his lifetime or later aims at these ideals, I have had to construct an eclectic text." 1087



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: General

MANDON, L. ttude sur le Syntagma philosophicum de Gassendi. 178 pp. New York: Franklin, 1969. $13.50. Reprint of the 1858 edition. 1088

MARSAK, LEONARD M. The idea of reason in 17th-century France: An essay in interpretation. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1969, 11:407-416. 1089

MERTON, ROBERT K. Science, technology and society in 17th-century England. xxxii + 279 pp., bibl., index. New York: Fertig, 1970. $11. Reprint of the 1938 edition, with a new introduction by the author and an important bibliography listing much of the critical reaction to this work up to 1970. Also available in paperback as a Harper Torchbook at $2.75. 1090

MEYER, R. W. Zum Probleme der Wissenschafts- theorie bei Leibniz. Verh. Schweiz. Naturforsch. Ges., 1968:155-163. 1091

MITTELSTRASS, JURGEN. Monade und Begriff. Leibnizens Rekonstruktion des klassischen Substanzbegriffs und der Perzeptionensatz der Monadentheorie. Studia Leib., 1970, 2:171-200. 1092

MOREAU, JOSEPH. Le Dieu des philosophes (Leibniz, Kant et nous). 166 pp., index. Paris: Vrin, 1969. 1093

MORRIS, JOHN M. Descartes and probable knowledge. J. Hist. Phil., 1970, 8:303-312. "I want ... to trace the development of Descartes' doctrine of probable knowledge, beginning with a partial statement of the method as it appears in the early works, and contrasting this with the later analysis of the Principles. The difference between the two treatments seems to lie largely in the rather different status accorded to hypotheses or 'suppositions' upon which scientific explanations are based." 1094

MORRIS, JOHN M. Pattern recognition in Descartes' automata. Isis, 1969, 60:451460. "The story of the rise and fall of Descartes' early theory of memory is important not only for its historical interest, but also because it suggests a possible limitation upon purely physical, automaton-like theories of pattern recognition." 1095

MORRIS, JOHN M. Raison, connaissance and conception in Descartes. Sophia, 1968, 34:265-272. 1096

NISBET, HUGH B. [Johann,Gottfried von] Herder and the philosophy and history of science. (Modern Humanities Research Association dissertation series, 3.) xiii + 358 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: Modern Humanities Research Association, 1970. ?4 5s. 1097

NOURRISSON, JEAN FELIX. La philosophie de Leibniz. viii + 502 pp. Aalen: Scientia, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1860 edition. 1098

NOVY, LUBOS. Newtonuv dopis Astoniv. (Newton's letter to Francis Aston.) De/iny V&6d Tech., 1970, 3:166-169. Newton's letter concerned, among other things, the territory now known as Czechoslovakia. 1099

O'HIGGINS, JAMES. Anthony Collins, the man and his works. (International archives of the history of ideas, 35.) xi + 267 pp., port., bibl., index. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1970. 1100

OLDENBURG, HENRY. The correspondence. Ed. and trans. by A. Rupert Hall and Marie Boas Hall. Volume VII: 1670-1671. xxviii + 600 pp., plts., index. Madison: Univ. Wisconsin Pr., 1970. $20. 1101

ORTEGA Y GASSET, JOSE. The idea of principle in Leibnitz and the evolution of deductive theory. Trans. by Mildred Adams. 381 pp. New York: Norton. 1971. $10. 1102

OSLER, MARGARET J. John Locke and the changing ideal of scientific knowledge. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:3-16. "Locke's emphasis on certainty points to the intellectual crisis underlying his theory of knowledge. By insisting that knowledge and certainty are equivalent, he remained at one with the Aristotelian and Cartesian traditions which maintained the ideal of certainty as the standard for science and for all knowledge. By recognizing, however, that a large proportion of the assertations we make-particularly about the external world-can never yield certainty or knowledge of real essences, he recognized the inadequacy of the old ideal as it was challenged by Boyle and Newton. In this light, Locke can be seen as having taken a major step toward providing new epistemological underpinnings for empirical science."

1103

PATRIDES, C. A. (ed.) The Cambridge Platonists. (Stratford-upon-Avon library, 5.) xxxii + 343 pp., plt,, port., bibl., index. London: Arnold, 1969. 60s. A book of readings. 1104

PAUL, CHARLES B. Jean-Phillipe Rameau (1683- 1764), the musician as philosophe. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970,114:140-154. "Jean-Phillipe Rameau (1683-1764) was that rare phenomenon in history, a musical genius in search of rational, mathematical, and scientific certainty for his art . . . [His] understanding of science was undoubtedly imperfect, his knowledge of mathematics was certainly elementary, his methodology was definitely faulty, and his borrowings from the ancient Greeks, Zarlino, Descartes, Mersenne, Malebranche, Sauveur, and the contemporary esprit geometrique were often distorted to suit his own purpose." 1105




PEPYS, SAMUEL. The diary. A new and complete transcription, ed. by Robert Latham and William Matthews. 3 vols. Berkeley: Univ. California Pr., 1970. $27. The first three volumes of this edition, covering the years 1660-1662, were published in 1970. 1106

POPKIN, RICHARD H. Epicurisme et scepticisme au debut du XVIIIe siecle. Pp. 698-707 in Actes du VIIIe Congres Association Guillaume Bude. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1969. 1107

POSTIGLIOLA, ALBERTO. Helvetius da Cirey al De l'esprit. Riv. Crit. Stor. Fil., 1970,25:2547. 1108

PROUST, JACQUES. L'Encyclopedie dans le Bas- Languedoc au XVIIIe siecle. 248 pp., plts. Montpellier: Centre d'Etudes du XVIIIe Sidcle et Centre d'Etudes Occitanes de la Facult6 des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, 1968. 1109

RABB, THEODORE K. Francis Bacon and the reform of society. Pp. 169-193 in Theodore K. Rabb and Jerrold E. Siegel (eds.) Action and conviction in early modem Europe. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1969. 1110

RADERMACHER, HANS. Fichtes Begriff des Absoluten. (Philosophische Abhandlungen, 34.) 144 pp. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann, 1970. DM 18.50. Contents: Das idealistische Argument des fruhen Fichte. Zum Begriff der Wissenschaftslehre. Die Wissenschaftslehre von 1804. 1111

RISSE, WILHELM. Der Wissenschaftsbegriff in England im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. Pp. 90-98 in Alvin Diemer (ed.) Der Wissenschaftsbegniff. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1970. 1112

ROCHE, DANIEL. Encyclopedistes et acad6miciens: Essai sur la diffusion sociale des Lumieres. Pp. 73-92 in Livre et soci&tg dans la France du XVIIIe siecle. Vol. II. Paris: Mouton, 1970. 1113

ROD, WOLFGANG. Geometrischer Geist und Naturrecht: Methodengeschichtlichen Untersuchungen zur Staatsphilosophie im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. (Bayerische Akademie des Wissenschaften. Phil.-hist. Klasse. Abhandlungen, 70.) 246 pp., bibl., index. Munich: Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1970. DM 50. 1114

ROSSI, PAOLO. Philosophy, technology and the arts in the early modern era. Trans. by Salvator Attanasio. Ed. by Benjamin Nelson. xii + 195 pp., index. New York: Harper & Row, 1970. $6. 1115

RUMFORD, BENJAMIN THOMPSON. Collected works: Ed. by Sanborn C. Brown. Vol. V: Public institutions. ix + 512 pp., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. 1116

SALOMON-BAYET, CLAIRE. Un pr6ambule theorique 'a une Academie des Arts: Acad6mie royale des Sciences, 1693-1696. Presentation et textes. Revue Hist. Sca Applic., 1970, 23:229-250. "Pour la plupart inedits, les quelques textes que nous pr6sentons ici datent de 1693 a 1696, et s'inserent dans la longue histoire des rapports de la science et de la technique, de leur valorisation ou de leur subordination successives, tenant a la nature de l'une et de I'autre autant qu'aux formes des soci6t&s au sein desquelles ettes se definissent." 1117

SCHIEDERMAIR, HARTMUT. Das Phanomen der Macht und die Idee des Rechts bei Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. (Studia Leibnitiana, supplementa 7.) viii + 363 pp., bibl., index. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. 1118

SESAN, MILAN PAVEL. Leibniz und Cantemir. Studia Leib., 1970,2:135-139. "Es is bekannt, dai3 der rumanische Furst Dimitrie Cantemir aus der Moldau am 11. Juli 1714 zum Mitglied der Berliner Akademie der Wissenschaften ernannt wurde. Weniger bekannt sind dagegen die Einzelheiten, die zu diesem Ergebnis fhhrten. Da die Berufung eine Folge der Zusammenarbeit von Menschen dreier Nationen war, sind die Einzelheiten heute noch wissenswert." From the summary. 1119

SHACKLETON, ROBERT. The Encyclopedie and the clerks. The Zaharoff lecture for 1970. 20 pp. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 7s. 1120

SHACKLETON, ROBERT. The Encyclopedie as an international phenomenon. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:389-394. Discusses the precursors and successors of the Encyclopedie. 1121

SIMMS, J. G. John Toland (1670-1722), a Donegal heretic. Irish Hist. Stud., 1969, 16:304-320. 1122

SINA, MARIO. L"'anti-Pascal" di Voltaire. (Pubblicazioni dell' Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore. Saggi e ricerche, 8.) ix + 261 pp., bibl., index. Milan: Vita e Pensiero, 1970. 1123

SMITHNER, ERIC W. The Enlightenment sources of Comtean thought on education. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4796-A. Dissertation at New York Univ., 1967. Adviser: Aram Vartanian. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7368. 213 pp. $3. 1124




SNELDERS, H. A. M. De ontvangst van Kant bij enige Nederlandse natuurwetenschapsbeoefenaars omstreeks 1800. (The reception of Kant in the work of a number of Dutch natural scientists about 1800.) ScientiarumHist., 1970,12:23-38. "The influence of German philosophy on scientific thinking at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century is an important chapter in the historiography of the sciences. At an early date there were in the Netherlands adherents of the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. In the journal of Paulus van Hemert, Magazijn voor de critische wijsgeerte, en de geschiedenis van dezelve (1799-1803) we fmd articles of a number of Kantian scientists. The chemist Jan Rudolph D)ei3nan, the mathematician and philosopher Johann Frederik Lodewijk Schr6der, the physicians Jacob Elisa Doornik and Willem Servaas, and the minister and philosopher Jacob Nieuwenhuis all defended the dynamical

theory of matter of Kant. However, they did not give further applications of it in the natural sciences and they confined themselves only to a reflection of the views of the Koningsberger philosopher. From the article it is evident that in the Netherlands Kant had but little influence on the study of the natural sciences about 1800." From the English summary. 1125

SOLOMON, HOWARD M. The innocent inventions of Theophraste Renaudot: Public welfare, science, and propaganda in 1 7th-century France. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:2953-A. Dissertation at Northwestern Univ., 1969. Director: E. William Monter. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-163. 287 pp. $3.70. 1126

SPICKER, STUART F. (ed.) The philosophy of body. Rejections of Cartesian dualism. Ed. with an intro. by Stuart F. Spicker. x + 367 pp. Chicago: Quad- rangle, 1970. $15; $2.95 (paper). 1127

SPRINGMEYER, HEINRICH. Eine neue kritische Textausgabe der Regulae ad directionem ingenii von Rent Descartes. Z. Phil. Forsch., 1970, 24:101-125. 1128

STACK, GEORGE J. Berkeley's analysis of preception. (Studies in philosophy, 21.) 165 pp., bibl. The Hague: Mouton, 1970. Fl 22. 1129

STACK, GEORGE J. Berkeley's new theory of vision. Personalist, 1970,51:106-138. "A critical examination of Berkeley's works on vision, it is believed, will reveal some of the fundamental difficulties which underlie his basic presuppositions and assumptions. Most of the essential problems or puzzles which his analysis of perception encounters can be examined in embryo in his explication of his 'theory of visual perception." 1130

STEARNS, RAYMOND PHINEAS. Science in the British colonies of America. xx + 761 pp., bibl., index. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Pr., 1970. $20. 1131

STEUDEL, JOHANNES. Leibniz und Italien. (Beitrage zur Geschichte der Wissenschaft und der Technik, 11.) 30 pp. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. DM 4. 1132

SUSSKIND, JACOB L. A critical edition of the scientific sections of Samuel Miller's A brief retrospect of the 18th century. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4926-A. Dissertation at George Peabody College for Teachers, 1969. Major professor: Robert P. Thomson. Univ. Microfims order no. 70-7645. 686 pp. $8.70. "The purposes of this project are two: first, to make Samuel Miller's history more widely known and available; second, to evaluate the state of 18th century science in America." 1133

TURCK,DIETER. Die Substanz als metaphysische Hypothese. (Zum Problem der Methode in der Metaphysik von Leibniz.) Studia Leib., 1970, 2:12-29. 1134

VAN INWAGEN, MARGERY N. Descartes' three versions of the ontological argument. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:3989-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Rochester, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2919. 231 pp. $3. 1135

VICO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. Autobiografia e risposte al Giornale de' letterati d'Italia. A cura di Michele F. Sciacca. 161 pp., bibl. Milan: Marzorati, 1969. L 1200. 1136

VOISE, WALDEMAR. Erhard Weigel, 1625-1699, czyli u progu wieku 6swiecenia. Z okazji 300 rocznicy jego ksiazki Idea matheseos universae. (Erhard Weigel, or On the threshold of the age of the Enlightenment. On the 300th anniversary of his book Idea matheseos universae.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970,15:527-544. The first part of this paper deals with Weigel's ideas on a general system of knowledge. In the second part the author discusses Weigel's ideas of education and his activities at the University of Jena. The third part discusses the influence of Weigel on Leibniz, his pupil. 1137

VROOMAN, JACK R. Ren6 Descartes, a biography. 308 pp., plts., bibl., index. New York: Putman, 1970. $7.95. 1138

WAITE, WILLIAM G. Bernard Lamy, rhetorician of the passions. Pp. 388-396 in H. C. Robbins Landon (ed.) Studies in 18th-century music. London: Allen and Unwin, 1970. Discusses Lamy's L'art de parler and its influence on music theorists.

1139

WANG, LEONARD J. La querelle des Jugemens des sqavans d'Adrien Baillet (1685-1691). XVIISiecle, 1969,84-85:97-147. 1140

WHITAKER, VIRGIL K. Bacon's doctrine of forms: A study of 1 7th-century eclecticism. Huntington Libr. Q., 1970, 33:209-216. 1141



86 37. 1 7th & 18th Centuries: General, Mathematics

WHITE, COLIN; ROBERT J. HARDY. Huygens' graph of Graunt's data. Isis, 1970, 61:107-108. A note on Christiaan Huygens' graphing of data in John Graunt, Natural and political observations made upon the bills of mortality, 1662. 1142

WHITE, REGINALD J. The anti-philosophers: A study of the philosophes in 18th-century France. vii + 175 pp., plts., bibl., index. London: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's, 1970. 1143

WHITFORD, KATHRYN; PHILIP WHITFORD. Timothy Dwight's place in 18th-century American science. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:60-7 1. "Dwight [1752-18171 maintained a wide variety of scientific interests. He was a shrewd and reliable observer of natural phenomena and at times even exhibited the scientific imagination in which he was supposed to be deficient. Dwight's chief contributions to scientific literature occur in his four-volume work Travels in New England and New York." 1144

WHITMORE, P. J. S. The Enlightenment in France: An introduction. ix + 158 pp., pits., bibl., index. London: Bailey, 1969. 18s (paper). 1145

YOLTON, JOHN W. Locke and the compass of human understanding: A selective commentary on the Essay. x + 234 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. 60s. 1146

b. Mathematics (pure and applied mathematics, mathematical logic, and statistics)

BOCKSTAELE, PAUL P. Four letters from Gregorius a S. Vicentio to Christopher Grienberger. Janus, 1969,56:191-202. As a teacher in several Jesuit schools, Gregorius a S. Vincentic exerted a strong influence on many of the Jesuit mathematicians of the 17th century. The letters reproduced here were written between 1628 and 1635. 1147

DESCARTES, RENE. Geometrie. Deutsch hrsg. von Ludwig Schlesinger. x + 121 pp. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1969. DM 16.10. Reprint of the Leipzig 1923 edition. 1148

FLECKENSTEIN, JOACHIM OTTO. Basels mathematisches Jahrhundert der Leibnizschen Philosophia naturalis. Verh. Schweiz. Naturforsch. Ges., 1969:187-196. 1149

FLECKENSTEIN, JOACHIM OTTO. Les editions nationales des oeuvres mathematiques des classiques du XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles. Rend. Seminar. Mat. Univ. Politec. Torino., 1968-1969, 28:49-6 1. 1150

GRATTAN-GUINNESS, IVOR. Berkeley's criticism of the calculus as a study in the theory of limits. Janus, 1969,56:215-227. "Berkeley's criticisms have been among the most important and subtle ever offered in the history of the calculus: they were little understood at the time and have been little understood since. We shall discuss here the problem in which he was interested (how calculus works] and evaluate the solution that he offered to it." 1151

HACKER, SIDNEY G. Identification of Napier's inequalities. Maths Teacher, 1970, 63:67-71. Account of two inequalities used by Napier in the construction of his logarithm tables. 1152

HALL, TREVOR H. Mathematicall recreations: An exercise in 17th-century bibliography. (Leeds studies in bibliography and textual criticism, 1.) 38 pp. Leeds: Univ. of Leeds School of English, 1969. A bibliographical study of the work by Jean Leurechon (1591?-1670). It was published in a great many editions during the 17th century. 1153

HARA, KOKITI. Sur l'irregularite de num6rotation des figuresdans les Lettres de Dettonville [de Pascal] . Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:33-54. 1154

HESTERMEYER, WILHELM. Paedagogia Mathematica. Idee einer universellen Mathematik als Grundlage der Menschenbildung in der Dialektik Erhard Weigels, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des padago- gischen Realismus im 17. Jahrhundert. 318 pp., illus., bibl. Paderborn: Schoningh, 1969. 1155

HOPPNER, HANS-JOACHIM. Zur Datierung des Stiickes "De calculo situum". Studia Leib., 1970, 2:233-235. Suggests that this manuscript of Leibniz's was written between Dec. 1, 1715 and Oct. 8, 1716. 1156

HOFMANN, JOSEPH EHRENFRIED. Ober friihe mathematische Studien von G. W. Leibniz. Studia Leib., 1970,2:81-114. "Im nachfolgenden mochte ich uiber einige mathematische Versuche des jungen Leibniz berichten, die in den Pariser Jahren entstanden sind. Sie sind keineswegs ausgereift, zeigen vielmehr den Suchenden, vermitteln jedoch-wie mir scheint-Kennzeichnendes uiber die Eigenart seines Denkens. Im I. Abschnitt beziehe ich mich auf Arithmetisches, im II. Abschnitt auf Beitrage zur Infmitesimal-geometrie und im III. Abschnitt auf Algebraisches." 1157

LICK, DALE W. The remarkable Bernoulli family. Maths Teacher, 1969, 62:401-409. A general account, with genealogical chart, of the work of eleven members of the family, based chiefly upon secondary sources. 1158

MAZZARINO, SANTO. Vico, la storia Romana e il "metodo geometrico". De Homine, 1968, 27-28:3-16. 1159



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Mathematics, Physical Sciences 87

MEDUNARODNI SIMPOZIJ "GEOMETRIJA I ALGEBRA POCETKOM XVII STOLJECA", Dubrovnik, 1968. Radovi Medunarodnog Simpozija "Geometrija i algebra pocetkom XVII stoljeca". Povodom 400-godiAnjice rodenja Marina Getaldica. Dubrovnik, 29. IX-3. X, 1968. (Proceedings of the International Symposium on "Geometry and algebra at the beginning of the 17th century". On the 400th anniversary of the birth of Marin Getaldic.) 200 pp., illus., port. Zagreb: Institut za Provijest Prirodnih, Matematickih i Medicinskih Nauka, Jugoslavenske Akademije Znanosti i Umjetnosti, 1969. Contents: Ernest Stipanic: M. Getaldi6 i njegovo djelo. (Getaldi6 and his work.) Vjnko Foretic: 0 imenu i rodu M. Getaldi6a. (The name and family of Getaldit.) Ilija Mitic: M. Getaldi6 kao sluzbenik i diplomat Dubrovacke republike. (Getaldi6 as a diplomat for the Republic of

Dubrovnik.) Ljudevit Baric: Optische Arbeiten von M. Getaldi6. Nikola Cubrani&: Getaldicev prijedlog za odredivanje velicine zemlje. (Getaldics proposition for determining the size of the earth.) Hrvoje Tartalja: Doprinos M. Getaldica u odredivanju specificne tezine. (Getaldic's contribution to the determination of specific weights. Miho Cerineo: M. Getaldic's Promotus Archimedes. Ernest Stipanic: L'oeuvre principale de Getaldic De resolutione et com positione mathematica. DuA?an Nedeljkovic: La caractere et la place historique de l'oeuvre de M. Getaldi'c dans la revolution m6thodologique moderne. Evert M. Bruins: A wrong track followed for two millennia by pure geometry. Pierre Costabel: La math6matique de Descartes anterieure a la Geometrie. Vasco Ronchi: I1 cambiamento della relazioni fra matematica e scienza sperimentale al principio del XVII secolo. Gino Arrighi: M. Ghetaldi e gli amici lucchesi. Rosalind C. H. Tanner: Thomas Harriot (1560?-1621). Karin Reich: Quelques remarques sur M. Ghetaldus et Fran,ois Viete. Mirko

Drazen Grmek: Getaldic, (Raphael] Prodanelli et le t6lescope catoptrique a Dubrovnik. Jean Grisard: L 'Animadversio in Franciscum Vietam de C. Cyriaque de Mangin. Zarko Dadic: Some reflections of Getaldic's creativeness in the works of 17th-century mathematicians. 1160

M0LLER PEDERSEN, KIRSTI. Roberval's comparison of the arc length of a spiral and a parabola. Centaurus, 1970, 15:26-43. "Roberval dealt with the equality of the arc lengths of parabolas and spirals in two hitherto unprinted manuscripts, a Latin autograph from 1642, which is a rough draft, and a French copy which looks like lecture notes and which is quite different from the Latin text. Both texts are reproduced here." 1161

PEPPER, JON V. Harriot's calculation of the meridional parts as logarithmic tangents. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1968,4:359-413. This important article, based largely on previously unpublished material, describes Harriot's work on the Mercator projection and related topics. In an appendix the author has transcribed some passages from Harriot's incomplete tract, "The doctrine of nauticall triangles compendious." C. BOYER 1162

QUAN, STANISLAUS. Galileo and the problem of infinity: A refutation, and the solution. Part 1: The geometrical demonstrations. Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:115-151. 1163

RAKCHEEV, E. N. Zabytyi perevod Galileia. (A forgotten translation of Galilei.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970,31:55. Concerning a Russian translation of Galilei's "Conversations and mathematical demonstrations" made in 1860. 1164

SCRIBA, CHRISTOPH J. The autobiography of John Wallis, F.R.S. Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond., 1970, 25:17746. "In old age John Wallis (1616-1703) wrote an autobiography in response to the repeated request of his friend Thomas. Smith (1638-1710). Apart from the purely biographical interest, it is a valuable historical source for the origins of the Royal Society . . . " The final version and Wallis's first draft are transcribed and printed side by side. Two plates.

1165

SCRIBA, CHRISTOPH J. Eine mathematische Festvorlesung vor 300 Jahren. Janus, 1969, 56:182-190. The Latin text and German translation of a lecture by John Wallis intended for the Prince of Orange, Dec. 20, 1670.

1166

VASOLl, CESARE. Fondamento e metodo logico della geometria nell'Euclides restitutus dell Borelli. Physis, 1969,11:571-598. 1167

WALLIS, PETER J. George Gargrove, 1710-1785. xii pp., illus. Washington (2 Whinway, Washington, Co. Durham): Northern Notes, 1970. 2s. 1168

WHITESIDE, DEREK T. The mathematical principles underlying Newton's Principia mathematica. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:116-138. "We should not allow [the] Grecian scaffolding [of the Principia] to disguise the reality that the structural edifice beneath is, in its essentials, neither classically inspired nor classically built." Examples of infinitesimal proofs in the Principia are given. Also published separately as the ninth Gibson Lecture in the History of Mathematics (Glasgow: University of Glasgow, 1970). 10s. 1169

WILKINS, JOHN. The mathematical and philosophical works. (Cass library of science classics, 11.) xvii + 261 ;xvi + 165 pp., illus., port., index. London: Cass, 1970. ?7 7s. Facsimile reprint of the second edition originally published in 2 volumes, London 1802.

1170

WIREDU, J. E. Kant's synthetic a priori in geometry and the rise of non-Euclidean geometries. Kant-Stud., 1970, 61:5-27. 1171

c. Physical sciences (astronomy, physics, chemistry)

AITON, E. J. loannes Marcus Marci (1595-1667). Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:153-164. Marci made original contributions in the fields of mechanics, optics and medicine. Three plates including a portrait. 1172



88 37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Physical Sciences

ASHBROOK, JOSEPH. Edmund Halley at St. Helena. Sky Telesc., 1970, 40:86-87. A brief description of Halley's year (1677) on St. Helena. 1173

BARR, WILLIAM F. A philosophical analysis of idealizations in science. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3981-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Rochester, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2846. 208 pp. $3. "Galileo's law of falling bodies and Boyle's gas law are presented as common idealizations in natural science, and they are studied with a view to discerning those characteristics which made them idealizations." 1174

BERGMAN, TORBERN OLAF. A dissertation on elective attractions. Second ed., with a new intro. by A. M. Duncan. (Cass library of science classics, 13.) xl + xv + 383 + [22] pp., plts., index. London: Cass, 1970. ?7 7s. Facsimile reprint of the London 1785 edition. 1175

BIALAS, VOLKER. Eine doppelte Iterations- rechnung von Johannes Kepler und ihre Program- mierung. Zu seiner Berechnung der scheinbaren Planetenbahn. (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Math.-Naturwis. Klasse, Abhandlungen, N.F. 143. Nova Kepleriana, 3.) 30 pp., bibl. Munich: Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissen- schaften, 1970. DM 7. "For each planet Kepler gave the stationary points of the apparrQnt planetary orbit in small inconspicuous tables. In scrutinizing the Rudolphine Tables and Kepler's manuscripts one can recognize his mathematical procedure as consisting of two interlocking iteration calculations. Checking the tables with a computer TR4 (ALGOL-program) reveals considerable deviations for Mercury, which result from the miscalculations in Kepler's manuscripts. The modern formulation of the

problem leads over a simple differential equation to a transcendental equation." English abstract. 1176

BISHOP, LLOYD O.; WILL S. DELOACH. Marie Meurdrac-First lady of chemistry? J. Chem. Educ., 1970,47:448449. "In 1666 a Frenchwoman by the name of Marie Meurdrac published what may well be considered the first treatise on chemistry by a woman, La chymie charitable et facile, en faveur des dames. The text upon which the present study is based is a second edition dated 1680." 1177

BLONDEAU, R. A. Mandarijn en astronoom. Ferdinand Verbiest, S. J. (1623-1688) aan het hof van de Chinese keizer. 525 pp., port. Utrecht: Descl6e de Brouwer, 1970. Fl 30. Bibliography of F. Verbiest's works: pp. 481-494. 1178

BONELLI, MARIA LUISA RIGHINI. La velocita delle luce nella scuola Galileiana. Physis, 1969, 11:493-501. Analyses documents of Galilei and of the Accademia del Cimento on the velocity and propagation of light. 1179

BRANDMCYLLER, WALTER. Der Fall Galilei: Wirklichkeit und Legende, Hintergruinde und Folgen. 31 pp. Karlsruhe: Badenia, 1970. DM 2. 1180

BUCHDAHL, GERD. History of science and criteria of choice. Pp. 204-245 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "In this paper a contradiction is explored between Newton's use of gravity as an explanatory concept and his view that action at a distance (in a material sense) is not ontologically basic. Various responses to the ensuing dilemma, on the part of both Newton and later writers, are evaluated by means of a triadic schema of components of choice of hypothesis, labeled conceptual, constitutive, and architectonic. The responses are shown to involve a variety of escape routes from Newton's dilemma, formalist, phenomenalist, mechanistic, as well as teleological, corresponding to reconstructions of the constitutive and architectonic components. Finally, a reconstruction of the conceptual component is shown to lead to a reinterpretation of the notion of inconceivability as contingent, and (alternatively)

of the concept of matter as reducible to a field of force. A general discussion of inductive criteria is appended." From the summary. I i81

BUTTS, ROBERT E.; JOHN W. DAVIS (eds.) The methodological heritage of Newton. xi + 170 pp., bibls. Toronto: Univ. Toronto Pr., 1970. $5.50. Contents: Robert F. Butts, John W. Davis: Introduction. N. R. Hanson: Hypotheses fingo. F. E. L. Priestley: The Clarke-Leibniz controversy. John W. Davis: Berkeley, Newton, and space. Gerd Buchdahl: Gravity and intelligibility: Newton to Kant. L. L. Laudan: Thomas Reid and Newtonian turn of British methodological thought. Robert E. Butts: Whewell on Newton's rules of philosophizing. Paul K. Feyerabend: Classical empiricism. 1182

CALINGER, RONALD S. The Newtonian-Wolffian confrontation in the St. Petersburg Academy of Science (1 725-1746). Cah. Hist. Mond., 1969, 11:417435. 1183

CAMERON, JOHN L. Pascal's physical science: A prelude to wisdom? Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4937-A. Dissertation at Princeton Univ., 1969. Major Professor: E. B. 0. Borgerhoff. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-8350. 280 pp. $3.60. "Investigation reveals that the chronological basis of this tradition [that Pascal abandoned a scientific career because of his conversion to Jansenisml cannot be substantiated by the sequence of events. Moreover, close analysis of the texts of the scientific works . . . reveals that this future may well have been less brilliant than has hitherto been generally assumed." 1184

CASINI, PAOLO. Newtonianismo Settecentesco: Ricerche e prospettive. De Homine, 1969, 29-30:9-30. A French translation is published in Dix-Huitieme Siecle, 1969, 1:139-159. 1185

CLASSEN, J. Halley's Comet in 1682. Sky Telesc., 1970,39:102. Concerning a broadside, a copy of which is preserved in the Pulsnitz Observatory in East Germany. However, a letter to the editor from Cicely M. Botley, printed on p. 298, explains that the comet shown was actually the great one of 1680 rather than the less imposing appearance of Halley's cornet two years later. 1186



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Physical Sciences 89

COHEN, I. BERNARD. The American editions of Newton's Pincipia Harv. Libr. Bull., 1970, 18:345-358. "During the years from 1819 ... up to 1934 ... the only complete versions of the Principia to appear in English were those printed in New York from 1848-1850. I shall not pursue here the intriguing question of why there should have been a demand in America in mid-century for a complete English text of Newton's Principia. Rather I shall limit myself to an examination of the various editions, issues, or printings." 1187

COHEN, I. BERNARD. Newton's System of the world: Some textual and bibliographical notes. Physis, 1969, 11:152-166. A discussion of the various printed and manuscript versions of this work, showing that the discrepancies between the Latin and English versions suggest that the translator had a manuscript different from Newton's and as yet unidentified. 1188

DENISSOFF, fLIE. Descartes, premier th6oricien de la physique math6matique. Trois essais sur le Discours de la methode. (Bibliotheque philosophiques de Louvain, 22.) 134 pp. Louvain: Publications Universitaires; Paris: Nauwelaerts, 1970. F 25. 1189

DIJKSTERHUIS, EDUARD J. Simon Stevin: Science in the Netherlands around 1600. ix + 145 pp., illus., plts., bibl., index. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1970. Fl 27. 1190

DOSTROVSKY, SIGALLA. The origins of vibration theory: The Scientific revolution and the nature of music. Diss. Abs. Inst., 1970, 30:4895-A. Dissertation at Princeton Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-8361. 275 pp. $3.55. Against the background of ancient and medieval musical theory "the analyses of sound and vibration by the following natural philosophers and physicists is discussed: Vicenzo and Galileo Galilei, Descartes, Bacon, Mersenne, Huygens, Wallis, Robertes, de la Hire, Newton and Sauveur". 1191

DRAKE, STILLMAN. Galileo studies: Personality, tradition, and revolution. 289 pp., illus., bibl. Ann Arbor: Univ. Michigan Pr., 1970. $8.50. 1191a

DRAKE, STILLMAN. The scientific personality of Galileo.Physis, 1969, 11:181-194. "It is argued that the personalities of scientists are important to the history of science when the origins of a discipline are concerned. Galileo's personality is related to phases of his work in respect of ambition, prudence, pugnacity, and conscience. His attitudes toward experimental precision and mathematical laws of physics are considered in terms of temperamental traits and related to science considered as a process of successive approximation." From the summary. 1192

DRAKE, STILLMAN. Uniform acceleration, space, and time (Galileo gleanings, XIX). Br. J. Hist Sci., 1970, 5:2143. A discussion of some fragmentary notes (preserved in Codex A of the Galilean MSS at Florence) on questions of accelerated motion. 1193

DUNCAN, ALISTAR M. The functions of affinity tables and Lavoisier's list of elements. Ambix, 1970, 17:2842. It is evident that in volume one of Trait 61mentaire de ehimie Lavoisier "has worked very much in the tradition of affinity tables, and that he has not made a complete break with the past. Nevertheless, he has added light, heat, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen to the substances which usually appeared in affinity tables, he has extended the list of acids and made it clear that many acid radicals are compound, and above all he has altered the old pattern fundamentally by basing his tables on the new system of chemistry which, indeed, he is using to present them. He has succeeded in avoiding the dilemma between the need to avoid speculation and the need to bring the facts of chemistry into order by producing an orderly system which emerges naturally from the facts themselves." 1194

DUNDON, STANISLAUS J. Newton's "mathematical way" in the De mundi systemate. Physis, 1969, 11:194-204. "There are a number of passages in Newton's works that indicate the beginnings of the concept of an abstract physics. One of the principal of these, occurring in the De mundi systemate, is of at least doubtful authenticity. This doubtful passage appears in every English edition of the De mundi systemate since 1728. Its significant variance from the undoubtedly authentic version that appears in Latin editions of the De mundi systemate has gone unnoticed by editors and even recent commentators on the nature of Newtonian physics. The Latin version supports less strongly the claim of an abstract physics in Newton. The question of the authenticity and relevance of the alternate passages in examined in this article." From the summary.

1195

EDLESTON, J. (ed.) Correspondence of Sir Isaac Newton and Professor Cotes. (Cass library of science classics, 12.) 323 pp., port. London: Cass, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the 1850 edition. 1196

FLETCHER, JOHN E. Astronomy in the life and correspondence of Athanasius Kircher. Isis, 1970, 61:52-67. The position of Kircher (1602-1680) "in the history of astronomy derives positive value not so much from substantial personal involvement in the growth of a reawakening science, but rather from his unique role in contemporary intellectual life ... From the combination of his correspondence, his own life, and his printed works a clear outline emerges of Kircher's relationship to the astronomical practices of the 17th century". The article is based on the 14 volumes of Kircher's unpublished correspondence in the Archive of the Pontificia Universit Gregoriana in Rome. 1197

FORBES, ERIC G. Tobias Mayer (1723-62): A case of forgotten genius. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:1-20. "... a knowledge of his contributions to cartography is indespensable for a proper appreciation of his astronomical discoveries ... This article is therefore presented in the form of a biographical survey rather than as a contribution to the history of 18th century astronomy ... 1198

FORBEiS, ERIC G. Tobias Mayer's contributions to the development of lunar theory. J. Hist. Astron., 1970,1:144-154. Among other things, Mayer showed the irrelevance of the aether hypothesis and provided "the first reliable basis for finding longitude at sea". 1199



90 37 1 7th & 18th Centuries: Physical Sciences

FORBES, ERIC G. Tobias Mayer's theory of colour- mixing and its application to artistic reproductions. Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:95-114. "Tobias Mayer (1723-1762), the G6ttingen professor remembered by posterity for his important contributions to the discovery of longitude at sea, was a talented artist besides an astronormer ... He became actively interested in developing a mathematical theory of colour-mixing, an aspect, of his work hitherto ignored by historians of science which it is the purpose of this article to present." Includes the text of his MS "Von den Farben". 1200

FORBES, ROBERT J. (ed.) Martinus van Marum, life and work. Volume 2. 401 pp., plts., index. Haarlem: Tjeenk Willink, 1970. 1201

FOX, MICHAEL. Leibniz's metaphysics of space and time. Studia Leib., 1970,2:29-55. 1202

FREIESLEBEN, HANS CHRISTIAN. Kepler als Forscher. 82 pp., illus., bibl. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1970. DM 12.60. 1203

GALE, GEORGE. The physical theory of Leibniz. StudiaLeib., 1970,2:114-127. "This paper is an attempt to elucidate one extremely important aspect of Leibniz's physical theory, namely, the explanatory model which his physical theory intimately depends upon." 1204

GALILEI, GALILEO. Discours et demonstrations math6matiques concernant deux sciences nouvelles. Intro., trad. et notes par Maurice Clavelin. xxv + 263 pp., illus. Paris: Colin, 1970. F 70. 1205

GALILEI, GALILEO. La rivoluzione scientifica. A cura di Alberto Pasquinelli. 166 pp., bibl. Padua: R.A.D.A.R., 1969. L 1200. 1206

GARIN, EUGENIO. Antonio Genovesi e la sua introduzione storica agli Elementa physicae di Pietro van Musschenbroek. Physis, 1969, 11:211-221. Genovesi wrote a lengthy introduction to Musschenbroek's textbook, first published in the Naples 1745 edition. The various expanded editions of the introduction give some idea of the penetration of Newtonian ideas into Italy. 1207

GAUBIL, ANTOINE. Correspondance de Pekin, 1722-1759, publiee par Ren6e Simon, preface par Paul Demi6ville, appendices par Joseph Dehergne. (etudes de philologie et d'histoire, 14.) xviii + 1004 pp., plts., bibl., index. Geneva: Droz, 1970. Gaubil wrote the first history of Chinese astronomy in a Western language, and this publication of his letters will be a trove for anyone interested in the early interaction of Eastern and Western astronomy. A variety of indexes add to its convenience. N. SIVIN 1208

GIRILL, T. R. Galileo and Platonistic methodology. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970,31:501-520. "This paper is a critical examination of the claim that Galileo is a 'Platonist'. It contends that neither his use of mathematics and axiomatics (as Koyr6 asserts), nor his hypothetico-deductive method of testing (as Cassirer maintains), nor a realistic interpretation of his abstract theories (as Crombie argues) offers reasonable and consistent evidence that Galileo shared or advocated the metaphysics or methods of Plato. It further suggests that to construe Galileo's contributions platonistically only obscures their positive relationship to the more recently recognized pragmatic and instrumental factors in theory development." 1209

GLIOZZI, MARIO. Consonanze e dissonanze tra 1'elettrostatica di Cavendish e quelle di Volta. Physis, 1969, 11:231-248. "The hypothesis is put forward that the papers on electricity published by Cavendish in 1771 and 1776 incited or influenced the evolution of Volta's thought towards the phenomena study of electrology; hence the electrostatic researches bearing resemblance to one another carried out by the two scientists, are examined: comparisons of capacity; relation between charge, tension and capacity; specific induction capacity; construction of electrometers; absolute measurements of capacity and of tension; Coulomb's law. Taking note of convergence and divergence of their leading concepts and experimental results, the author points out, lastly, that the writings of Cavendish, most of which were left unpublished, were almost unproductive of effects as for scientific progress, while Volta's work established the foundation of electrometrv and extended to the researches of the nineteenth century." From the summary. 1210

GREENAWAY, FRANK. Johann Rudolph Glauber and the beginnings of industrial chemistry. Endeavour, 1970,29:67-70. " . . . although not a chemist of great originality, he was a skilled practitioner and acute observer who performed a valuable function in disseminating-through numerous, widely translated works-the chemical knowledge of his day, showing how it could profitably be applied to useful ends. He has some claim to be recognized as one of the earliest industrial chemists." 1211

GRIGOR'IAN, ASHOT TIGRANOVICH. Measure, proportion and mathematical structure of Galileo's mechanics. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:285-289. 1212

HAUKSBEE, FRANCIS. Physico-mechanical experiments on various subjects. (Sources of science, 90.) xxix + 336 pp., plts. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1970. Reprint of the 1719 edition, with a new introduction by Duane H. D. Roller. 1213

HAYLI, AVRAM. Newton. Presentation, choix de textes. (Savants du monde entier, 40.) 189 pp., illus., plts., bibl. Paris: Sehgers, 1970. F 9.50. 1214

HEMLEBEN, JOHANNES. Galileo Galilei in Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten. 178 pp., bibl. Reinbeck bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1969. DM 2.80. 1215



37. 1 7th & 18th Centuries: Physical Sciences 91

HENDERSON, G. P. [Eugenios] Voulgaris on cosmology, astronomy and religious toleration. Pp. 64-75 in his The revival of Greek thought, 1620-1830. Albany:. State Univ. New York Pr., 1970. 1216

HERRMANN, DIETER B. Das Astromentreffen in Jahre 1798 auf dem Seeberg bei Gotha. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970,6:326-344. 1217

HERRMANN, DIETER B. Franz Xaver von Zach. Sterne, 1969,45:69-76. 1218

HERRMANN, DIETER B. Georg Christoph Lichtenberg als Herausgeber von [Johann Christian Polykarp] Erxlebens Werk AnfangsgrUnde der Naturlehre. NTM, 1969, 6(1):68-81; 6(2):1-12. 1219

HERRMANN, DIETER B. Das Gothaer Astronomen- treffen in Jahre 1798-Ein Vorlaufer heutiger wissenschaftlicher Kongresse. Sterne, 1970, 46:119-123. 1220

HOFMANN, JOSEPH EHRENFRIED. Neue Newtoniana. Studia Leib., 1970, 2:140-145. A survey of recent work and reprints.

1221

HOLTSMARK, TORGER. Newton's Experimentum crucis reconsidered. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:1229-1235. "Certain terminological inconsistencies in the teaching of optical theory at the elementary level are traced back to Newton's Opticks and shown to derive from an uncritical application of the terminology of the old, established Euclidean geometrical optics to experiments which are primarily concerned with the establishment of a physical theory of light. The 'ray' of Euclidean geometrical optics should be considered as a geometrical operator, the working rules of which are laid down in a set of axioms. If the Euclidean ray concept is adapted to those dispersion experiments put forward by Newton in favor of his hypotheses, some general class properties of dispersion phenomena are revealed. From the insight in those class properties certain counter experiments can be easily recognized which demonstrate that it makes no sense to connect a certain color of the ray with its degree of

refrangibility. There is a brief discussion of the significance of such experiments for insight in the part played by pure observation in scientific theory making." From the summary.

1222

HOSKIN, MICHAEL A. The cosmology of Thomas Wright of Durham. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:44-52. Wright (1711-1786) is said "to have envisaged our star system as disk-shaped and with the Sun near the centre, and for this he has been hailed as the first of the modern astronomers. This, however, is due to a misunderstanding of both the content and purpose of Wright's thought. In fact, the recent discovery- of cosmological manuscripts composed by Wright in early manhood and in retirement enables us to see An original theory [or new hypothesis of the universe] as one stage in a life long struggle to integrate scientific knowledge into a satisfying religious vision of the universe; and a reading of An original theory shows that Wright not only did not but, in a real sense, could not accept the disk-shaped model of our star system so often ascribed to him."

1223

HUBICKI, WLODZIMIERZ. Jedrzej Sniadecki as a student of chemistry. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:23 1-245. ?niadecki taught a popular course in chemistry in Poland at the end of the 18th century. 1224

JACOB, JAMES R. Robert Boyle, young theodicean. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:3886-A. Dissertation at Cornell Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-3765. 225 pp. $3. "Boyle laid the foundations of his religious and philosophical thought [during the revolutionary 1640s and 1650s]. This essay discovers and explores certain connections between Boyle's experience of events and the contemporaneous shaping of his thought." 1225

JONES, DAVID N. M. V. Lomonosov: The formative years, 1711-1742. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3402-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1969. Supervisor: Clifford M. Foust. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-3261. 256 pp. $3.30. "Lomonosov was the most original, productive, and universal scholar of 18th-century Russia ... During his student years in Germany and during the four months following his return to Russia in 1741, [he] developed some striking theories about the nature of matter and corpuscular structure, which he elucidated in three different papers and which this dissertation examines in detail." 1226

KANGRO, HANS. Die Unabhangigkeit eines Beweises: John Pells Beziehungen zu Joachim Jungius und Johann Adolph Tassius (aus unveroffentlich MSS). Janus, 1969,56:203-209. 1227

KIRCHER, ATHANASIUS. Musurgia universalis. Zwei Teile in einem Band. Mit einem Vorwort, Personen-, Orts- und Sachregister von Ulf Scharlau. xxvi + 690 + 462 pp., illus. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Rome 1650 edition.

1228

LEVERE, TREVOR H. Friendship and influence: Martinus van Marum, F.R.S. Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond., 1970,25:113-120. "In 1798, after more than ten years of an involved campaign, Martinus van Marum, Secretary of the Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen (Dutch Society of Sciences), at last achieved his election as a Foreign Member of the Royal Society. This note, after briefly introducing van Marum in time and place, relates the progress of that campaign." 1229

LOMONOSOV, MIKHAIL VASIL'EVICH. On the corpuscular theory. Trans., with an intro. by Henry M. Leicester. viii + 289 pp., illus., port., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. 1230

LOVE, J. BARRY. The miniature solar systems of David Rittenhouse. Smithson. J. Hist., 1968-69, 3(4): 1-16. "Of the scientific instruments of the [Enlightenment], the one which best reflects the ideal of an orderly, intelligible universe is the mechanical orrery. In reproducing the principal motions of the solar system, the orrery dramatized the rationality of the laws of nature with accuracy, ingenuity, and beauty." David Rittenhouse (1732-1796) was the most competent orrery maker in America. 1231




LOWRY, RICHARD. Galilean and Newtonian influence on psychological thought. Am. J. Psychol., 1969,82:391-400. " . . . one need not be a physicist to be influenced by physical theory ... What I wish to suggest in what follows is that the historical relations between physical and psychological theory have been more direct and intimate than we have customarily imagined." 1232

MAREK, JIRI. Newton's report ("New theory about light and colours") and its relation to results of his predecessors.Physis, 1969, 11:390-407. 1233

MAREK, JIRI. Neznaime dopisy Jana Marka Marci z Kronlandu. (Joannes Marcus Marci's unknown correspondence.) D6jiny V6d Tech., 1970, 3:4345. Concerning letters to A. Kircher (1602-1680) recently brought to attention by John L. Heilbron. 1234

MC GUIRE, J. E. Newton's "Principles of philosophy": An intended preface for the 1704 Opticks and a related draft fragment. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:178-186. Some introductory comments precede transcriptions of the two documents. 1235

NAKAYAMA, SHIGERU. Kepler's third law, Shizuki Tadao and Asada Gryui. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1969, 8:49-55. 1236

NOVY, LUBOS; JOSEF SMOLKA. Isaac Newton. 192 pp., illus., bibl. Prague: Orbis, 1969. 1237

PERRIN, CARLETON. Early opposition to the phlogiston theory: Two anonymous attacks. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:128-144. Lavoisier, Pierre Bayen, and Buffon have been suggested as authors of these articles (1773-1774). 1238

PIETRUSKA, ELZBIETA. Principes methodologiques d'Antoine Lavoisier. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:209-229. 1239

POWER, J. E. Henry More and Isaac Newton on absolute space. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:289-296. "While More liked the thought of absolute space because it brought the spiritual so close to experience, Newton postulated absolute space in view of other needs. Unlike More ... Newton considered it the subject of the highest importance in his system of the universe." 1240

PRIESTLEY, JOSEPH. Autobiography: Memoirs written by himself. An account of further discoveries in air. Intro. by Jack Lindsay. 159 pp., plt., port., index. Bath: Adams and Dart, 1970. 42s. 1241

PRIESTLEY, JOSEPH. Experiments and observations on different kinds of air, and other branches of natural philosophy, connected with the subject. 3 vols., ilus. New York: Kraus, 1970. $75. Facsimile reprint of the Birmingham 1790 edition. 1242

PRIESTLEY, JOSEPH. A familiar introduction to the theory and practice of perspective. 2nd ed. corr. xv + 132 pp., illus. New York: Kraus Reprint, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1780 edition. 1243

RODNEY, JOEL M. A godly atomist in 1 7th-century England: Ralph Cudworth. Historian, 1970, 32:243-249. "What could convince such a cautious scholar as Newton that ideas which had once been the exclusive property of the unGodly Democritus were now 'safe'?" The Cambridge Platonist "with the most comprehensive plan of attack on atheism was Ralph Cudworth, D. D. Atomism was central to Cudworth's philosophy, and of all the Cambridge men, he did the most to reconcile religion with the more secular 'mechanism' of Gassendi and Charleton". 1244

SAN DIEGO STATE COLLEGE LIBRARY. Johann Kepler bibliography: Holdings in the San Diego State College Library. Comp. by Louis A. Kenney. 14 pp., map. San Diego: San Diego State College Library, 1970. 1245

SCHOFIELD, ROBERT E. Mechanism and materialism: British natural philosophy in an age of reason. vii + 336 pp., bibl., index. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1970. $9.50. 1246

SCOTT, E. L. The "Macbridean doctrine"of air: An 18th-century explanation of some biochemical processes, including photosynthesis. Ambix, 1970, 17:43-57. The author establishes "a ink between the experiments of [Thomas) Percival and [Thomas] Henry which motivated Prestley (and which were initially motivated by Priestley) and some earlier experiments, by Henry and others, designed to uphold or refute a theory of air developed by the Irish physician David Macbride". 1247

SCOTT, WILSON L. The conflict between atomism and conservation theory, 1644-1860. xiv + 312 pp., plts., illus., index. London: Macdonald; New York: Elsevier, 1970. ?5. 1248

SHEA, WILLIAM R. Galileo's atomic hypothesis. Ambix, 1970,17:13-27. "The problem [of the nature of the ultimate particles of material substances] was thrust upon him at a rather late date in his scientific career when he investigated the floating of bodies after his return to Florence in 1610. He raised the question for the second time in the debate on the comets of 1616, and, finally, he examined the mathematical foundation of the atomic theory in his major work, the Discourses concerning two new sciences, published in 1638. In this paper, these three phases in the development of his ideas on the nature and role of atoms will be considered in turn." 1249




SHEA, WILLIAM R. Galileo's claim to fame: The proof that the earth moves from the evidence of the tides. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:111-127. "The precursor historian of science asks, 'What is Galfleo's claim to fame?'; the contextual historian, 'What was Galileo's claim to fame', or, to phrase the question somewhat more precisely, 'What did Galileo think his claim to fame was? What was he prepared to stake his reputation on? What did he believe constituted his greatest and most enduring achievement?' The answer to the precursor type question is well known: The discovery of the law of free fall and the isochronism of the pendulum. The answer to the second kind of question is less familiar, and when it is known, it is often a cause of embarrassment, for Galileo took pride in the most il-fated of all his arguments to prove that the earth moved: his explanation of the tides." 12S0

SHIMAMURA, FUKUTARO. Kepler's methods of thought and his conceptions of harmony, especially in Harmonice mundi. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1969,8:137-145. 1251

SMOLKA, JOSEF. Nove pohledy na J. Marka Marci a jeho dobu. K objevu korespondence s A. Kircherem. (New views of J. Marcus Marci and his time.) Dejiny V6d Tech., 1970,3:4549. Concemed with the collection of letters by Marci to A. Kircher recently discovered in the Pontificia Universita Gregoriana Archives in Rome. 1252

STEIN, HOWARD. On the notion of field in Newton, Maxwell, and beyond. Pp. 264-310 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed). Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "The notion of field plays a significant role-in some ways sinmilar, and in some important ways different-in a series of scientific investigations, theories, and speculations. In this paper, this role is examined first in the work of Newton, where it is argued that the notion of field (although not, of course, under that name) functioned in crucial ways in Newton's own research, in the program he developed for all of physics, and (in a way that contrasts strongly with the traditional view of Newton's philosophy) in his most fundamental views of the constitution of the world. A briefer examination is made of the concept of the field in Maxwell's electrodynamics and its subsequent development: it is argued that this development led to the breaking up of Newton's special program for physics, but not of his fundamental view of the constitution of the world. (That fundamental view has, however, been overturned by quantum mechanics and quantum field theory). In the concluding section of this paper, some points of philosophical analysis developed in the body of the paper are made the basis for a general comment upon certain methodological issues in the philosophy of science." From the summary. 1253

STRAKER, STEPHEN. Optics and methodology in the 17th century. Science, 1970,1 70:1074-1076. Essay review of A. I. Sabra, Theories of light from Descartes to Newton (London, 1967). 1254

STRONG, EDWARD W. Barrow and Newton. J. Hist. Phil., 1970,8:155-179. The author argues that Newton's De gravitatione et aequipondio fluidorum was heavily influenced by his teacher Isaac Barrow. "With Barrow, Newton holds that a body is a space-filling magnitude possessed of certain geometrical and empiricai properties, and that motion of a body thereby has, by supposition, a measure with respect to absolute space and not just relativisticaily in relation to other bodies. Adherence to these two conceptions required a refutation of Descartes' identification of body (matter) and extension (space)." 1255

STRUBE, IRENE. Rol' teorii flogistona G. E. Shtalia v razvitii khimii XVIII v. (The role of G. E. Stahl's phlogiston theory in the development of chemistry in the 18th century.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970,31:58-65. 1256

TATON, RENE. Isaac Newton. Principes mathematiques de la philosophie naturelle. Trad. de la marquise de Chastellet, augmentee des Commen- taires de Clairaut. (Paris: Blanchard, 1966). Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970,23:175-180. Essay review.

1257

ULLRICH, FRANCESCA BIANCA CRUCITTI. Johann (III) Bernoulli ed il carteggio [Louis] Bourget. Schweizerische Z. Gesch., 1969, 19:356-370. 1258

VIGANO, MARIO. II mancato dialogo tra Galileo e i teologi. 256 pp. Rome: La Civilta Cattolica, 1970. L 2500. 1259

VOISE, WALDEMAR. Karta z dziej6w Kopernikanizmu: Jena w czasach wczesnego ogwiecenia. (A page from knowledge of Copernicus: Jena in the early days of the Enlightenment.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:289-296. Concerning the discussion of the heliocentric system at Jena University during the second half of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century. 1260

WATANABE, MASAO. Newton's concept of mass. A reply to Dr. Itakura. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967, 6:191-194. 1261

WATANABE, MASAO. Newton's theory of dynamics as interpreted by E. J. Dijksterhuis. (In Japanese.) KagakusiKenkyu, 1967, 6:137-141. 1262

WATT, JAMES; JOSEPH BLACK. Partners in science: Letters of James Watt and Joseph Black. Ed. with intro. and notes by Eric Robinson and Douglas McKee. xvi + 502 pp., facsims., index. London: Constable, 1970. 84s. 1263



94 37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Physical Sciences, Earth Sciences

WHITESIDE, DEREK T. Before the Principia: The maturing of Newton's thoughts on dynamical astronomy, 1664-1684. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:5-19. "We are, I think, ineluctably drawn to identify 1684 as the true annus mirabilis in which the basic tenents of the Principia-and in consequence of classical dynamics-were first clearly conceived. By August of that year . . . Newton had at last, after a long twenty year journey, come to lay the foundations of the mechanics of free and constrained motion under the action of an arbitrary central force." 1264

WILKINSON, RONALD STERNE. The Hartlib papers and 17th-century chemistry. Part II. Ambix, 1970, 17:85-110. The Hartlib papers contain much new information on the alchemist and physician George Starkey (1627-1665). 1265

WILSON, CURTIS A. From Kepler's laws, so called, to universal gravitation: Empirical factors. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:89-170. "The following discussion first reviews the empirical relations of Keplerian planetary theory, arguing that the Keplerian revolution rests finally upon conjecture, anid that its two main principles-the first two Keplerian laws, so called- while yielding a revolutionary improvement in predictive accuracy when taken together, cannot be verified separately with satisfactory precision. The conjectural or hypothetical character of the foundations of Keplerian astronomy is explicitly recognized by Kelper himself ... A second contention will be that, as an outcome of a series of proposals and arguments during the middle years of the century, by 1670 Kepler's area rule becomes 'propositio Astronomis notissima'-a proposition well known, although not known to be precisely true . . . The last section of the paper will examine Newton's argument for universal gravitation, and the probable stages whereby it was elaborated, in relation to the idea-here postulated as playing a dominent role in Newton's thought-of attaining certainty on the basis of empirical evidence." 1266

YOSHINAKA, MASAKAZU. Interpretation of two of Galileo's Frammenti-Pendulum and the t2-law. (in Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:18-24. 1267

d. Earth sciences (geology and geophysics; geography, cartography, and geodesy; oceanography; travel, exploration and navigation; paleontology; mineralogy and crystallography; meteorology)

BADGER, G. M. (ed.) Captain Cook, navigator and scientist. Papers presented at the Cook Bicentenary Symposium, Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, 1 May, 1969. ix + 143 pp., illus., port., bibl. London: Hurst; New York: Humanities, 1970. 55s. Contents: Lord Blackett: Captain Cook and the Royal Society. J. C. Beaglehole: Cook the man. G. M. Badger: Cook the scientist. Sir Frederick White: Cook the navigator. Dorothy Hill: The Great Barrier Reef. H. Newton Barber: The botany of the South Pacific. Sir Richard Woolley: The significance of the transit of Venus. 1268

BAILEY, JOHN F. Longitude and the sea clock. Hist. Today, 1970,20:410-418. Anecdotes about John Harrison's troubles in making his sea clock and in collecting his reward. 1269

BIALAS, VOLKER. Praxis Geometrica: Zur Geschichte der Geodasie am Beginn der Neuzeit. (Deutsche Geodatische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Reihe E, 11.) ii + 27 pp., index. Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1970. 1270

BISWAS, ASIT K. Edmond Halley, F.R.S., hydrologist extraordinary. Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond., 1970, 25:47-57. "We must nevertheless realize that Halley's investigations proved quite categorically a very fundamental aspect of the concept of the hydrologic cycle, namely that enough water evaporated from the oceans to sustain riverflows. This, by itself, is a major contribution and its effect on the development of experimental hydrology is indeed incalculable. Between the three scientists, Pierre Perrault, Edm6 Mariotte, and Edmond Halley, the concept of the hydrologic cycle was experimentally established for the first time. In all fairness, therefore, all three should be given credit for being the co-founders of scientific hydrology."

1271

BROC, NUMA. Une affaire de plagiat cartographique sous Louis XIV: Le proces Delisle-Nolin. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:141-153. Guillaume Delisle (b. 1675) and Jean-Baptiste Nolin (1657- 1708). "En 1700, la publication simultan6e d'un plani- sphere et de cinq cartes g6nerales des continents va provoquer l'affrontement entre Delisle et Nolin: simple polemique d'abord, affaire judiciare ensuite, quand Delisle portera le diff6rend devant le Conseil du Roi ... I1 nous a sembl6 que cette affaire m6ritait d'6tre 6tudiee avec quelques d6tails, tant pour les renseignements qu'elle fournit sur l'etat de la g6ographie au d6but du XVIIIe siecle que pour des lumieres qu'elle apporte sur le v6ritable role de Guillaume Delisle dans les progres de cette science." 1272

BROC, NUMA. Les montagnes vues par les geographes et les naturalistes de langue fran,aise au XVIIIe siecle: Contribution a l'histoire de la geographie. (Ministere de 1'6ducation nationale. Comite des travaux historiques et scientifiques. M6moires de la section de geographie., 4.) 298 pp., maps, bibl. Paris: Bibliotheque Nationale, 1969. F 35. 1273

BROC, NUMA. Peut-on parler de g6ographie humaine au XVIIIe siecle en France? Annls Geogr., 1969, 78:57-75. Analysis of the writings of Montesquieu, Buffon, Rousseau, Ramond, and Volney on 18th-century French geography.

1274

CAROZZI, ALBERT V. De Maillet's Telliamed (1748): The theory of the diminution of the sea. Endeavour, 1970, 29:'40-143. 1275

CAROZZI, ALBERT V The geological contribution of Rudolf Erich Raspe (1737-1794). Archs. Sci. (Geneva), 1969,22:625-644. 1276



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Earth Sciences 95

CAROZZI, ALBERT V. Robert Hooke, Rudolf Erich Raspe, and the concept of "earthquakes". Isis, 1970,61:85-91. In 1668 Hooke wrote "Lectures and discourses of earthquakes and subterraneous eruptions". Published in 1705 it was forgotten until 1763 when Raspe recognized its revolutionary character and used it in his Specimen historiae naturalis globi terraquei. 1277

CAROZZI, ALBERT V. Rudolf Erich Raspe (173 7- 1794) or the impossible scientific dream. Stechert- Hafner Book News, 1969, 24(1):1-3. 1278

COMMELIN, ISAAC. Begin ende voortgangh van de Vereenighde Nederlantsche Geoctroyeerde Oost- Indische Compagnie. (Mundus Novus, 5-8.) 4 vols., illus., maps. Amsterdam: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the 1646 edition with an introductory pamphlet "Isaac Commelin's Begin ende voortgangh" by C. R. Boxer. 1279

CUMMINGS, WILLIAM P. Wimble's maps and the colonial cartography of the North Carolina coast. N. Carolina Hist. Rev., 1969, 66(2):157-170. 1280

EVANS, GERAINT N. D. Uncommon obdurate: The several public careers of J. F. W. DesBarres. 130 pp., map. Salem: Peabody Museum of Salem; Toronto: Univ. Toronto Pr., 1969. $10. Biography of the 18th-century hydrographer. 1281

FEL, S. YE. The role of Petrine surveyors in the development of Russian cartography during the 18th century. Can. Cartographer, 1970, 7-1-14. 1282

HAMMOND, L. DAVIS. News from New Cythera: A report of Bougainville's voyage, 1766-1769. [viiil + 66 pp. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. $6.50. Presents a facsimile and translation of a French pamphlet describing Bougainville in New Cythera. 1283

JONES, TOM B. The French expedition to Lapland, 1736-37. TerraeIncog., 1970,2:15-24. Describes Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis' expedition to establish the figure of the earth. 1284

KOEMAN, CORNELIS. Joan Blaeu and his Grand Atlas. Introduction to the facsimile edition of Le Grand Atlas, 1663. 114 + 12 pp., illus., map, index. Amsterdam: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1970. 1285

MAY, JOSEPH A. Kant's concept of geography and its relation to recent geographical thought. (University of Toronto Dept. of Geography Research Publications, 4.) xii + 281 pp., bibl. Toronto: Univ. Toronto Pr., 1970. $6.50. 1286

MEAD, W. R. The 18th century military recon- naissance of Finland. A neglected chapter in the history of Finnish geography. Acta Geogr., 1968, 20(1 8):255-271. 1287

MELNIKOVA, T. N. The mathematical basis of Russian maps of the 18th century. Can. Cartographer, 1969, 6(2):91-104. 1288

MOIR, D. G.; RALEIGH A. SKELTON. New light on the first atlas of Scotland. Scott. Geogr. Mag., 1968, 84:149-159. Correspondence between the Blaeus and Sir John Scot, discovered in 1967 in the National Library of Scotland, is examined in relation to the Blaeu atlas of 1654 and Pont's survey of Scotland about the end of the 16th century. 1289

MOSKOWITZ, SAUL. The method of lunar distances and technological advances. Navigation, 1970, 17:101-121. "Man's interaction with his environment and social institutions has been examined in terms of the development of celestial navigation during the 18th century. Clear parallels exist between the formation of the Board of Longitude by the English Parliament in 1714 and of present governmental agencies for the purpose of supporting scientific and technological research. The contributions of Newton, Euler, Mayer, Halley, Ramsden, Maskelyn, and Bowditch are detailed in terms of a specific solution to the problem of longitude-that of the Method of Lunar Distances." From the abstract. 1290

MUNZAR, JAN. Pocitky meteorologickych m6rfeni v Ceskoslovensku v 18. stoleti. (The beginnings of meteorological measurements in Czechoslovakia in the 18th century.) Dejiny V&d Tech., 1969, 2.183-187. 1291

OGILBY, JOHN. Britannia. London, 1675. With an intro. by J. B. Harley (Theatrum orbis terrarum, 5th series, 2.) xxxi + 200 pp., maps. Amsterdam: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum; Chicago: Rand McNally, 1970. Facsimile reprint. 1292

RASPE, RUDOLF ERICH. An introduction to the natural history of the terrestrial sphere. (Including a facsimile of the 1763 edition.) Trans. and ed. by Audrey Notvik Iversen and Albert V. Carozzi. cxvii + 190 + 191 pp., illus., index. New York: Hafner, 1970. 1293

RISTOW, WALTER W. Simeon De Witt, pioneer American cartographer. Surv. Mapp., 1970, 30:239-255. 1294

ROUSSEAU, GEORGE S. The London earthquakes of 1750. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1969, 11:436-451. 1295



96 37. 1 7th & 18th Centuries: Earth Sciences, Biological Sciences

SCHAFER, ALFONS. Ein unbekannter Atlas der Territorien des Schwabischen Kreises von Jacques de Michal aus dem ersten Viertel des 18. Jahrhunderts. Z. Wiurt. Landesgesch., 1967, 26:354-370. 1296

SCHOTTE, J. F. Japanese cartography at the court of Florence: Robert Dudley's maps of Japan, 1606-1636.ImagoMundi, 1970,23:29-58. 1297

SMITH, W. J. L. James Cook as navigator and map maker. New Zealand Surv., 1969, 26:198-207. 1298

SPRAY, W. A. Alexander Dalrymple [1752-1808], hydrographer. Am. Neptune, 1970, 30:200-216. 1299

STANDARD, PAUL. Mercator and the lettering of maps. Publ. Weekly, 1969, 196(18):58-62. 1300

STENSEN, NIELS. Geological papers. Ed. by Gustav Scherz. Trans. by Alex J. Pollock. (Acta historica scientiarum naturalium et medicinalium, 20.) 370 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Odense: Odense Univ. Pr., 1969. Papers in Latin with parallel English translations. 1301

STONE, JEFFREY C. An evaluation of the 'Nidisdaile' manuscript map by Timothy Pont. Scott. Geogr. Mag., 1968, 84:160-171. 1302

STONE, JEFFREY C. The preparation of the Blaeu maps of Scotland: A further assessment. Scott. Geogr. Mag., 1970,86:16-24. 1303

THORNTON, JOHN. The English pilot, the third book. London, 1703. With an intro. by Coolie Verner and R. A. Skelton. (Theatrum orbis terrarum, 5th series, 3.) xv + 83 pp., maps. Amsterdam: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1970. 1304

THROWER, NORMAN J. W. Edmond Halley as a thematic geo-cartographer. Ann. Ass. Am. Geogr., 1969,59:652-676. 1305

VERNER, COOLIE. Captain Collin's CoastingPilot: A carto-bibliographical analysis. (Map collectors' series, 58.) 47 pp., maps. London: Map Collectors' Circle, 1969. Captain Greenville Collins published his Great Britain Is Coast Pilot in 1693. 1306

VERNER, COOLIE. Surveying and mapping the new Federal City. Imago Mundi, 1970, 23:59-72. Discusses briefly the background of the founding of Washington, D.C. as the capital, the surveying of the area, the planning of the city, the printing of the maps, the American map trade, and the first printed maps of Washington before 1800. 1307

e. Biological sciences (zoology, botany, anatomy, physiology, physical anthropology; also applied biology, including certain aspects of agriculture, such as plant and animal breeding, economic entomology, etc.)

AUMULLER, GERHARD. Zur Geschichte der Anatomischen Institut von Kassel und Mainz. Medizinhist. J., 1970,5:59-80, 145-160. Deals with the Institute's founding and development in the 18th century. A third instalment is to follow. 1308

BANISTER, JOHN. John Banister and his natural history of Virginia, 1678-1692. [Ed. by] Joseph and Nesta Ewan. xxx + 485 pp., plts., bibl., index. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Pr., 1970. $15. A selection from Banister's works. 1309

BERKELEY, EDMUND. The history of the naming of the Loblolly Bay. J. Hist. Bio., 1970,3:149-154. Describes the correspondence between Alexander Garden (1730-1791) and John Ellis (c. 1710-1776) relating to the naming of a tree of the Southern Coastal Plain of America. 1310

BIGNARDI, AGOSTINO. Settecento agrario bolognese e altri saggi. (Collana di storia dell'agricoltura, 1.) 101 pp., illus., bibl. Bologna: Edagricole, 1969. L 1200. Contents: Introduzione alla storia dell'agricoltura. Il primo trattato cinese di agronomia. Luigi Clememte Jacobini, storico dell'agricoltura italiana. L'economia dell'Appennino bolognese sulla fine dell Settecento dal "Dizionaria corografico" del Calindri. Un agronomo viaggatore: Arthur Young a Bologna. Un'antica planta industriale: il "garzo lanario" o cardo dei lanaioli. L'introduzione della patata nel Bolognese. Tre agronomi bolognesi: Pedevilla, Contri, Botter. 1311

BOYD, C. A. R.; S. A. C. BOYD. An early reference in English poetry to the circulation of the blood. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:212-214. "We do not suggest that [Williaml Cartwright necessarily even knew Harvey personally, but Cartwright's poem ['A new-years-gift to Brian Lord Bishop of Sarum upon the author's entering into Holy Orders, 1638'] does seem to us to represent an interesting minor piece of evidence for the diffusion of the concept of the circulation of the blood outside strictly professional circles." 1312

BRUCE, M. R. John Sibthorp. Taxon, 1970, 19:353-362. Discussion of travels, collections and life of John Sibthorp (1758-1796), Sherrardian Professor of Botany at Oxford from 1784 till 1796. 1313



37. 1 7th & 18th Centuries: Biolgocal Sciences 97

BUESS, HEINRICH. William Harvey and the foundation of modern haemodynamics by Albrecht von Haller.Med. Hist., 1970,14:175-182. "I have tried to single out for treatment some patho- physiological and clinical aspects of Harvey's work, and to establish links, based on the firm evidence of earlier physiological research, between London, Basel and Berne.> 1314

CASTELLANI, CARLO. L'origine degli infusori nella polemica Needham-Spallanzani-Bonnet, con alcuni documenti inediti. Episteme, 1969,3:214-241;1970, 4:19-36. 1315

CLUTTON, GEORGE. Sir Charles Wager. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970,5:289-290. Admiral Sir Charles Wager (1666-1743), though an amateur naturalist, is important enough to deserve further study. 1316

DANDY, J. E. Annotated list of the new names published in Allioni's Auctarium ad synopsim stirpium Horti Reg. Taurinensis. Taxon, 1970, 19:617-626. See also the paper by W. L. Tjaden cited in the present CB. 1317

D'ARCY, W. G. Jacquin names, some notes on their typification. Taxon, 1970, 19:554-560. "Beautiful coloured-plates illustrate many of the new plant species described by [Nicholas-Joseph] Jacquin [1727- 1817] just about two centuries ago. For further detail than can be seen in the plates, it is necessary to find 'Jacquin types', actual specimens used at the time by Jacquin. Today there is no single Jacquin Herbarium but his specimens are to be found at Vienna, in the Linnaean Herbarium, in the British Museum (N.H.), and some are dispersed in other European herbaria." From the summary. 1318

DEBUS, ALLEN G. Harvey and Fludd: The irrational factor in the rational science of the 17th century. J. Hist. Biol., 1970, 3:81-105. "It is tempting to separate Harvey and Fludd-the experimental biologist and the mystical alchemist-and Charles Singer did just that in 1960 no less decisively than had Seth Ward three centuries earlier. Yet [Walter] Pagel has suggested that the influence of Fludd may have sensitized Harvey to the notion of circularity. This thesis is not weakened, but given added weight, when we examine additional evidence in relation to the intellectual currents of that period rather than our own." 1319

DESCARTES, RENE. tYber den Menschen (1632). Beschreibung des menschlichen Korpers (1648). Nach der ersten franz6sischen Ausgabe von 1644 ubersetzt und mit einer historischen Einleitung und Anmerkungen versehen von Karl E. Rothschuh. 202 pp., illus. Heidelberg: Schneider, 1969. DM 28. 1320

DOBSON, JESSIE. Curiosities of natural history as illustrated in John Hunter's Museum. Ann. R. Coll. Surg., 1970,47:233-242. 1321

DUNTHORNE, GORDON. Flower and fruit prints of the 18th and early 19th centuries, their history, makers, and uses. With a catalogue raisonne of the works in which they are found. (Da Capo series in graphic art, 6.) xiv + 275 pp., illus. New York: Da Capo, 1970. $60. Reprint of the 1938 edition. 1322

EGERTON, FRANK N. Richard Bradley's relationship with Sir Hans Sloane. Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond., 1970,25:59-77. Richard Bradley, F.R.S., (1688?-1732) was a prolific author of books on agriculture, horticulture, biology, and medicine. His letters to Sir Hans Sloane, president of the Royal Society, illustrate the adverse conditions under which men without wealth have sometimes worked while pursuing scientific activities. 1323

FEDOROWICZ, ZYGMUNT. Zoologia w Gdanisku w stuleciach XVII i XVIII. (Zoology in Danzig in the 17th and 18th centuries.) (Instytut Zoologiczny Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Memorabilia zoologica, 19.) 119 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Wroclaw: Ossoliniskich, 1968. 1324

FICHTNER, GERHARD. Vorstellungen uber die Wirkung der Bluttransfusion im 17. Jahrhundert. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:20-29. "There are, in the 17th century, many different ideas about the effect of the transfusion of the blood, but they all have one common feature: transfusion causes transmutation. The transmutation is seen either in a very general sense (causing an alteration of character ... ) or is expressed according to a special medical system e.g. as a change of 'tempermentum' and consequently 'mores' in the Galenic sense. The conception of transmutation is used as an argument equally by those who support the transfusion and those rejecting it." From the English summary. 1325

GIBSON, WILLIAM CARLETON. The bio-medical pursuits of Christopher Wren. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:331-341. "Considering his biological interests, especially, we might conclude that Wren was in fact, the British Leonardo."

1326

HALES, STEPHEN. Vegetable staticks. Foreword to this edition by M. A. Hoskin. xxxii + 216 pp., illus. London: Macdonald; New York: American Elsevier, 1969. $7.50. 1327

HALL, THOMAS S. Descartes' physiological method: Position, principles, examples. J. Hist. Biol., 1970, 3:53-79. "Whatever the immediate explanandum-heart action, respiration, reciprocal innervation, muscular antagonism, secretion, digestion, absorption, blood-formation, nervous action, bio-optics, bio-accoustics-Descartes is discovered to follow a fairly predictable practice-nanely, a reductive (corpuscular, non-psychistic) interpretation partly of empirical fact but primarily of earlier Renaissance revisions of Greek physiological doctrine." 1328

HELLER, JOHN L. Linnaeus's Bibliotheca botanica. Taxon, 1970,19:363411. 1329



98 37. 1 7th & 18th Centuries: Biolgocal Sciences

HOME, RODERICK W. Electricity and the nervous fluid. J. Hist. Bio., 1970, 3:23 5-25 1. "It is my purpose in this paper to investigate the rationale of [Albrecht von] Haller's discussions on the nature of the nervous fluid, and in particular to try to reach some understanding of why he dismissed out of hand the suggestion that the nervous fluid migt be the same fluid as that held responsible for electrical action. Incidentally to this, I shall try to indicate the extent to which Galvani had to meet Haller's objections when he postulated his ,animal electricity' a few years later."

1330

ILLINGWORTH, CHARLES. Dr. William Hunter's observations on lead-filled bones. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:390-396. In 1774 a lead-filled bone was found and given to Hunter for comment. This paper reprints Hunter's remarks and adds further historical information relating to the puzzle.

1331

JACKSON, STANLEY W. Force and kindred notions in 1 8th-century neurophysiology and medical psychology. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:397410, 539-554. "The rise of 'the mechanical philosophy' . . . and the impact of Cartesian ideas and Newton's dynamics stamped a new impress on explanation in neurophysiology and medical psychology. The language of matter in motion and forces gradually came to pervade these areas."

1332

KALM, PEHR. Resejoumal over resan till Norra Amerika. Utgiven av Martti Kerkkonen, John E. Roos. Andra deeln. (Skrifter utgivna av Svenska Litteratursallskapet i Finland, 436.) 466 pp., index. Helsingfors: Mercator, 1970. The first volume of this edition was published in 1966.

1333

KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. Linnaeana. Comp. by G. A. Rudolph and Evan Williams. (Kansas State University Library bibliography series, 7.) iii + 225 pp. Manhattan, Kansas: Kansas State University Library, 1970. $5 (paper). A catalog of works by Linnaeus and his students, arranged chronologically, in the Library of Kansas State University.

1334

KIMURA, YOJIRO. Japanese herbals mentioned in Thunberg's books. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:49-53. The author attempts to correct the many faulty spellings and translations of Japanese words in Karl Thunberg's Flora Japonica (1784) and his Travels (1788-93). 1335

KOHLSAAT, HEIKE; CARL SCHIRREN. Die Untersuchungen von Niels Stensen uiber Haut. Versuch einer kritischen Betrachtung. Centaurus, 1970, 15:51-71. 1336

KOPELEVICH, IU. KH. K istorii problemy vozdeistviia materinskogo organizma na zarodysh. Konkurs Peterburgskoi Akademii Nauk v XVIII veke. (On the history of the problem of the mother's influence on the embryo. Competition of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in the 18th century.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:194-21 1. 1337

KUNZ, REINHARD. Johann Casper Lavaters Physiognomielehre im Urteil von Haller, Zimmermann und anderen zeitgenossischen Arzten. (Zurcher medizingeschichtliche Abhand- lungen, 71.) 44 pp., bibl. Zurich: Juris, 1970. Sfr 8. 1338

LAPLASSOTTE, FRANyOIS. Quelques 6tapes de la physiologie du cerveau du XVIle au XIXe siecle. Annls con. Soc. Civ., 1970, 25:5 99-613. "On est donc amen6 a se demander quelle est la signification de cette coupure, et pour quelles raisons, en particulier, le XVIIIe siecle, qui a pu constituer une physiologie de la digestion, de la circulation, du muscle et m6me du r6flexe, n'est pas parvenu a donner aux etudes sur le cerveau un statut de scientificite que la premiere g6neration du XIXe si6cle leur donnera en un nombre restreint d'ann6es, et avec une rapidit6 et une coherence 6galement remarquables. Pourquoi, a I'age classique, les recherches sur le cerveau, qui n'ont pourtant pas manqu6, n'ont-elles pu depasser, sauf dans le domaine de la pure anatomie descriptive, un 6tat pr6scientifique et, dans un sens que nous essaierons de justifier, 'pr6historique'? 1339

LEIGHTON, ANN. Early American gardens, "For meate or medicine." xviii + 441 pp., illus., bibl., index. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970. $10. 1340

LINDEBOOM, GERRIT A. Boerhaave's concept of the basic structure of the body. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:203-208. 1341

MAC BRYDE, BRUCE. Rediscovery of G. Marcgrave's Brazilian collections. Taxon, 1970, 3:349. Brief account of the existence of a herbarium of George Marcgrave, recently found at Copenhagen, entitled Herbarium vivum Brasiliense plantarum et fiuctum ... in Brasiliana insula singulari studio collectarum et observatarum. It contains part of the collection used for the text of "the only illustrated work on Brazilian natural history until the 19th century" written by George Marcgrave and William Piso in 1648, following explorations and collections in Northeastern Brazil. 1342

OBER, WILLIAM B. George Stubbs, 1724-1806: Mirror up to nature. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:986-992. "The recent rediscovery ... of George Stubb's drawings for his Comparative anatomical exposition of a human body with that of a tiger and a common fowl prompts reappraisal of his position as an anatomic artist and raises questions about art and scientific illustration." 1343

ONGARO, GIUSEPPE. La prima descrizione della borsa di Fabrici, organo linfoide centrale degli uccelli. Episteme, 1970,4:317-325. 1344



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Biolgocal Sciences 99

PAFFARD, MICHAEL. Robert Plot: A county historian. Hist. Today, 1970,20:112-117. A member of the Royal Society and Professor of Chemistry at Oxford, Plot (1640-1696) recorded in immense detail the actual and imagined natural history of several English counties. 1345

PAGEL, WALTER. William Harvey revisted. Part I. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:1-31. The author suggests that by looking at Harvey in the 17th-century context rather than the 20th-century one is rewarded in two ways. "First it will save us from reading into Harvey motives and ideas taken for granted by the modem, but which were in fact foreign to Harvey. The second relates to the weight of speculation which is undoubtedly present in Harvey's work. If we embark on the integral view of the historical Harvey we will seek access to this and try to discover its relation to Harvey's biological ideas, observations and experiments. This will enable us to get over the spectre of an Aristotelian skeleton carried irrationally and unnecessarily by Harvey and detected in his cupboard by posterity." 1346

PALEY, EDMUND. An account of the life and writings of William Paley (London, 1825). 428 pp., port. Farnborough: Gregg, 1970. Facsimile reprint. 1347

PAS, PETER W. VAN DER. A note on the origin of staining techniques for microscopical preparations. Scientiarum Hist., 1970, 12:63-72. "The first use of staining techniques by Leeuwenhoek and Swammerdam is briefly discussed and a third contender to the honor, W. W. Muijs, a professor of medicine at the University of Franeker, is introduced. A brief sketch of the life of Muijs and a bibliography of his works are presented." From the summary. 1348

RAPPAPORT, RHODA. Government patronage of science in 18th-century France. Hist. Sc., 1969, 8: 119-136. An essay review of Andre' J. Bourde, Agronomie et agronomes en France au XVIIIe siecle (Paris, 1967). 1349

REES, EILUNED; G. WALTERS. The library of Thomas Pennant. Library, 1970, 25:136-149. Pennant's "library was essentially the working tool of a scholar, one fortunate enough to possess the leisure and wealth to build an extensive collection of books, engravings, and maps an as intellectual base for his interests in topography and natural history. For Pennant was, without question, a major figure in these fields." 1350

RYE, ANTHONY. Gilbert White and his Selborne. 272 pp., illus., maps, bibl., index. London: Kimber, 1970. 70s. 1351

STANNARD, JERRY. Aristotelian influences and references in Harvey's De motu locali animalium. Pp. 122-131 in Richard Tursman (ed.) Studies in philosophy and the history of science: Essays in honor ofMax Fisch. Lawrence: Coronado, 1970. 1352

THEODORIDES, JEAN. Buffon jug6 par Stendhal. Stendahl Club, 1968, 38:193-202. 1353

TJADEN, W. L. Carlo Allioni [1728-1804] and his Auctarium ad synopsim methodicam stirpium Horti Reg. Taurinensis. Taxon, 1970,19:611-616. Provides an outline of the history of Allioni's paper and of the belated and gradual spread of knowledge of its existence. See also the paper by J. E. Dandy cited in the present CB. 1354

WHITE, GILBERT. The natural history and antiquities of Selborne, 1789. v + 481 pp., 7 plts., illus., index. Menston: Scholar Pr., 1970. ?10. Facsimile reprint of the London 1789 edition.

1355

WIKMAN, KARL ROBERT VAN. Lachesis and Nemesis: Four chapters on the human condition in the writings of Carl Linnaeus. (Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis, 4.) 123 pp., 6 plts. Stockholm: Almquist & Wiksell, 1970. $6 (paper). 1356

WOLFENDEN, JOHN H. Baron Munchausen as an expert witness. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:474476. In his controversy with John Turberville Needham over spontaneous generation, Lazzaro Spallanzani mentions that Needham cited some observations of Baron de Munchausen. "Needham does indeed cite Baron Munchausen in support of his views, but it is not the raconteur immortalized by Raspe sixteen years later. Needham is quoting Otto, Baron von Miinchhausen (1716-1774)." 1357

WOOD, DAVID. A herbarium by John Dalton at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970, 5:270-271. Describes a two volume herbarium Dalton prepared for a Mr. Crosthwaite in 1791.

1358

WORLIDGE, JOHN. Systema agriculturae. The mystery of husbandry discovered. To which is added Kalendarium rusticum and Dictionarium rusticum. Facsimile of the second edition (1675). [xxxviii] + 328 pp. Los Angeles: Sherwin and Freutel, 1970. $23. 1359



100 37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Sciences of Man

f. Sciences of man (psychology, cultural anthropology, sociology

CARLSON, ERIC T.; MERIBETH M. SIMPSON. Perkinism vs. Mesmerism. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970,6:16-24. "Mesmer's elegant clinic with its impressive paraphemalia and Perkins} [Elisha Perkins, 1741-1799, American physician] simple, if expensive, tractors were dismissed equally by the majority of men of science. Mesmer and Perkins had drawn in similar fashion on popular theories of physics of their day in order to explain their therapeutic successes, but once the true sources of their cures, imagination and suggestion, became apparent, the whole matter was pushed aside. The powers of suggestion had been dramatically demonstrated, but for legitimate medicine there seemed no way to put this curious weapon to use." 1360

DESCARTES, RENE. Les passions de 1'me. Pr6f. de Samuel Sylvestre de Sacy. 185 pp. Paris: Gallimard, 1969. F 3.80. 1361

DUFF, WILLIAM. An essay on original genius. xxiv + 296 pp. New York: Garland, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1767 edition. 1362

FEINSTEIN, HOWARD M. The prepared heart: A comparative study of Puritan theology and psychoanalysis. Am. Q., 1970,22:166-176. "In this paper I will attempt a comparative analysis of the structure of the 17th-century Puritan procedure for the preparation of the heart for salvation and the technique of psychoanalysis. I do not intend to prove that the Puritan divines knew about the connection between disases of the spirit and diseases of the body before Freud (although it seems clear that they did). Rather, my aim is to analyze the structure of two systems which have had enornmous influence on the American mind. The congruence of the structure of the two suggests a possible relationship which is of interest to the intelUectual historian." 1363

HOWELLS, JOHN G.; M. LIVIA OSBORN. The incidence of emotional disorder in a 17th-century medical practice. Med. Hist., 1970,14:192-198. A study of the note books of an Engliab physiianc Dr. John Hal (1575-1635). 1364

LEMAY, EDNA. Naissance de I'anthropologie sociale en France: Jean-Nicholas Nmeunier et l'etude des usages et coutumes au XVIIIe siacle. Dix-Huit. SiMcle, 1970,2:147-160. 1365

LEVY, DARLINE GAY. Simon Linguet's sociological system: An exhortation to patience and invitation to revolution. Stud. Voltaire 18th Cent., 1970, 70:219-293. 1366

LYSKANOWSKI, MARCIN. Postepowanie z psychicznie chorymi w Polsce centralnej w XVIII w. (A study from the history of 18th-century psychiatry in Poland.) Studia Mater. Dziej. Nauki Pol. Ser. B, 1970, 18:3-31. Discusses three problems: 1) trials for witchcraft in Poland; 2) opinions about mental disease; 3) treatment for mental diseases. 1367

MARTINDALE, COLIN. A note on an 18th-century anticipation of Freud's theory of dreams. J. Hist. Besapl Sci., 1970, 6:362-364. Discusses articles, probably written by John Byrom (1691-1763), that appeared in The spectator (London) in 1714. 1368

MOORE, FRANCIS C. T. The psychology of Maine de Biran. xii + 228 pp., bibl., index. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 45s. Pp. 143-187 contain a classified bibliography of Maine de Biran's books and manuscripts, and secondary works about him. 1369

POSTER, MARK. The concepts of sexual identity and life cycle in Restif [de la Bretonne's] utopian thought. Stud. Voltaire 18th Cent., 1970, 73:241-271. 1370

REID, THOMAS. An inquiry into the human mind. Ed. with an intro. by Timothy Duggan. Ii + 278 pp., bibl., index. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Pr., 1970. 1371

SCHNEIDER, LOUIS. Mandeville as forerunner of modern sociology. J. Hist. Behapl ScL, 1970, 6:219-230. "It is convenient and helpful in obtaining a generl ew of Mandeville as a sociologist or forerunner of sociolog to attend to four main matters: scattered sociological insights; elements of what has been evolutionay thought on Mandeville's part; suggestions or adumbrations of structural- functional analysis; a disposition in Mandeville to stress what we shall label 'assymmetry'. Reservations about Mandeville's thought can hardly be avoided."'

1372

WEIDHORN, MANFRED. Dreams in 17th-century English literature. 167 pp., bibl., index. The Hague: Mouton, 1970. Pp. 13-43 discuss major theores- of the dream from Homer to Hobbes. 1373



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Medicine 101

g. Medicine and medical sciences

AXTELL, JAMES L. Education and status in Stuart England: The London physician. Hist. Educ. Q., 1970, 10: 141-1 59. "If we would begin to understand this somewhat unusual relationship between education and social status, a question that still engages the sociologist and historian of modem society, the practitioners of London, especially the fellows, candidates, and licentiates of the Royal College of Physicians, provide a valuable focus, for it was from these men that the most fruitful medical advances of the century came and it was they who served as models for the physicians of the English towns and countryside for many years to come." 1374

BARONI, W. Osservazioni sulle crisi che seguono solitamente l'assunzione della china dal De cortice Peruviano di Ippolito Francesco Albertini. Riv. Stor. Med., 1970, 14:69-76. These works were published in the 1720's. 1375

BELL, WHITFIELD J., JR. A portrait of the colonial physician. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:497-517. A biographical survey to 1775. 1376

BELL, WHITFIELD J., JR. William Shippen, Jr.'s introductory lecture, 1762. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:478-479. The introductory lecture relates to the question of whether or not Shippen intended to establish a medical school on a coilegiate base. 1377

BERMAN, ALEX. The persistence of theriac in France.PharmacyHist., 1970,12:5-12. A survey of the vogue for theriac in 17th, 18th, and 19th century France. 1378

BISCHOFBERGER, ROMAN. Jean Andre Venel (1 740-1791), ein wichtiger Artz des Aufldarungs- zeitalters. (Ziircher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, 74.) 41 pp., bibl. Zurich: Juris, 1970. 1379

BLOCH, HARRY. Medical conditions at Valley Forge. N. Y. St. J. Medc, 1970, 70:3010-3012. 1380

BOWERS, JOHN Z.; ROBERT W. CARRUBBA. The doctoral thesis of Engelbert Kaempfer on tropical diseases, oriental medicine, and exotic natural phenomena. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:270-310. "The ten essays in Kaempfer's doctoral thesis represent early descriptions of three tropical diseases, of therapeutic techniques in Japanese and Chinese medicine, and of some of the singular beliefs about natural history and other phenomena in the 17th century. They reinforce his position as one of the outstanding scientific and cultural explorers of his era." The thesis (printed in 1694) in English, is appended, together with two plates. 1381

BRECHKA, FRANK T. Gerard van Swieten and his world, 1700-1772. (International archives of the history of ideas, 36.) x + 171 pp., port., bibl., index. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1970. 1382

BROWN, THEODORE M. The College of Physicians and the acceptance of iatromechanism in England, 1665-1695. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:12-30. 1383

BROWNE, THOMAS. Religio medici. [iv] + 183 + [xi] pp. Menston, England: Scholar Pr., 1970. Facsimile reprint of the 1643 edition. 1384

CAILLE, JACQUES. Les apothicaires de Montpellier a la foire de Beaucaire. Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20:191-197. Describes an 18th-century conflict between the University and the Montpellier apothecaries. 1385

CARTWRIGHT, FREDERICK F. Pneumatic medicine. Pharnaceutical Hist., 1970, 1(5):4-6. A brief description of late 18th-century research with nitrous oxide (arising from interest in pneumatic medicine) by Black, Priestley, MacBride, Davy, and others. 1386

CHARLIER, J. La peste a Bruxelles de 1667 a 1669 et ses consdquences demographiques. 213 pp. Brussels: Pro Civitate, 1969. 1387

CHILDS, ST. JULIEN R. Sir George Baker and the dry belly-ache. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:213-240. In 1759 George Baker gave "the world the first bold opinion that lead poisoning alone was responsible for all epidemics of Colica pictonum [dry belly-achel, even in America". 1388

CLARFIELD, GERARD H. Salem's great innoculation controversy, 1773-1774. Essex Inst. Hist. Coll., 1970, 106:227-296. A medical controversy turns into a political one. 1389

DIECKHOFER, KLEMENS. Der niederlandische Arzt Daniel Voet: Ein Neoaristoteliker des 17. Jahrhunderts. (Munstersche Beitrage zur Geschichte und Theorie der Medizin, 3.) Miunster: Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin der Univ. Munster, 1970. 1390

DUCHESNEAU, FRANqOIS. La philosophie medicale de Sydenham. Dialogue, 1970, 9:54-68. 1391

DUKE UNIVERSITY. LIBRARY. Early American medical imprints at Duke University. [46] pp., illus. Durham: Published for the Associates of the Trent Collection, Duke University Medical Center Library, 1970. 1392



102 37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Medicine

EGERTON, FRANK N. Richard Bradley's illicit excursion into medical practice in 1714. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:53-62. Richard Bradley (1688?-1732) in 1714 assumed a new name and the guise of a doctor. From Bradley's correspondence the author reconstructs Bradley's experiences and ultimate failure. 1393

FISCHER-HOMBERGER, ESTHER. 18th-century nosology and its survivors. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:397403. 1394

FLETCHER, JOHN E. Medical men and medicine in the correspondence of Athanasius Kircher (1602-80). Janus, 1969, S6:259-277. 1395

FRESHWATER, M. FELIX. La pharmacie rustique. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:477. A note on an 18th entury engraving of Michel Schuppach, one of the last water-casters. 1396

GASKELL, E. Early American English translations of European medical works. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:300-307. The bibliography's "contents. . . fall together in two respects: [the books] were printed in America before 1821 ... and all are native American English translations-preced- ing any which might have emerged from Britain-of works previously published in French, German, Italian and Latin." Twenty-five items are described. 1397

GELFAND, TOBY. Empiricism and 18th-century French surgery. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:40-53. 1398

GREEN, J. MALCOLM. Dr. Thomas Pellett. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:147-152. Pellett (1672-1744) was a prominent figure in the Royal College of Physicians. 1399

GRMEK, MIRKO DRA2EN. Les bases historiques de 1'enseignement medical en Russie. Ire partie. Episteme, 1970,4:131-145. Deals primarily with developments in the 18th century. 1400

GUEGUEN, EDOUARD. Les apothicaires des Compagnies des Indes. Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20:147-154. "II y a eu trois Compagnies des Indes. La premiere, crece par Colbert en 1664, fut dissoute en 1719. La deuxieme, fond6e par Law en 1719, fut mise en liquidation en 1770. Enfin, une troisilme n'eut qu'une existence 6phemere de 1785 a 1790." 1401

HOSSARD, JEAN. [Claude-Nicolas] Le Cat, lithotomiste, et les remedes de Mlle. Stephens. Revue Hist. Phann., 1970, 20:155-162. 1402

HUARD, PIERRE A.; M. J. IMBAULT-HUARD. La taille en deux temps et ses avantages. Episteme, 1970,4:91-98. Discusses this operation in the 18th and 19th centuries. 1403

HUSTON, K. GARTH. Sir Thomas Browne, Thomas Le Gros, and the first edition of Pseudodoxia epidemica, 1646. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:347-348. 1404

JETTER, DIETER. Das Isolierungsprinzip in der Pestbekampfung des 17. Jahrhunderts. Medizinhist. J., 1970,5:115-124. 1405

JOYEUX, B.; A. DEJARNAC. Bernadotte raconte lui-meme sa "miraculeuse guerison" par Dominique Villars. ClioMedica, 1970, S:157-171. Villars was a late 18th-century doctor-botanist and Bernadotte a soldier. 1406

KAISER, WOLFRAM. Johann Ulrich Bilguer (1720- 1796) und die medizinische Fakultat Halle. Gesnerus, 1970,27:85-95. 1407

KING, LESTER S. Empiricism and rationalism in the works of Thomas Sydenham. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:1-11. 1408

KING, LESTER S. The road to medical enlightenment, 1650-1695. x + 209 pp., bibl., index. London: Macdonald; New York: American Elsevier, 1970. ?3 lOs. 1409

KIRCHNER, WALTHER. Zur Geschichte der Pest in Europa: Ihr letztes Auftreten im russischen Heer. Saeculum, 1969,20:82-92. "Die letzte grosse Pestepidemie, die einen Teil Europas heimsuchte, nahm in der russischen Armee ihren Anfang, welche in der Regierungszeit Katharinas II. in der Turkei eingedrungen und in der Moldau stationiert war." 1410

KLUKOFF, PHILIP J. Smollett's defence of Dr. Smellie in The critical review. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:3141. In 1760 appeared a negative review of Elizabeth Nihell's A treatise on the art of midwifry. This book had attacked the obstetrical theories of Tobias Smollett's friend, Dr. William Smellie. The author argues that Smollett wrote the review. The review and a rejoinder by Elizabeth Nihell are included.

1411

LA CASCE, STEWARD. Swift on medical extremism. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970,31:599-606. Swift heaped scorn on both the old medicine of Hippocrates and Galen, and the new medicine of Paracelsus and his successors. 1412



37 17th & 18th Centuries: Medicine 103

LANSING, DOROTHY I. The medical Van Leer family of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Trans. Stud. Coll. Physns Philad., 1970, 38:4446. Traces three generations of Van Leers active in medicine from the late 17th to the early 19th century. 1413

LESKY, ERNA. Das Sanitatsnonnativ von 1770. Mitt. Osterreich. Sanitdtsverwalt., 1970, 71(6-7):3-8. 1414

MACALPINE, IDA. Daniel Oxenbridge, John Twysden, and William Harvey. J. R. Coll. Physicians, 1970, 4:169-176. Notes two additions to the Harvey canon. "The frst enlarges the list of patients known to have been attended by Harvey, the second adds a new name to the circle of his friends." 1415

MANGET, JEAN JACQUES. Pesi e misure farma- cologiche secondo Jean Jacques Manget (1703). [A cural Gustavo Doglia. (Scientia veterum, 108.) 134 pp. Pisa: Giardini, 1967. Translation of parts of Bibliotheca pharmaceutico-medica. 1416

MC CORMICK, GENE E. Josiah Kirby Lilly, Sr. (1861-1 948). Pharmacy Hist., 1970,12:57.67. 1417

MERRICK, SAMUEL FISK. Medicine in the Canadian Campaign of the Revolutionary War: The journal of Doctor Samuel Fisk Merrick. [By] David B. Davis. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:461473. A transcription, with a brief introduction, of the journal that Merrick kept from 1 May to 16 September 1776. 1418

MORDACQ, RENE. Maitre Antoine Moulinneuf [1668-17201 chirurgien des galares du roi. Revue Hist. tcon. Soc., 1969,47:248-259. 1419

NICOLSON, MARJORIE HOPE; GEORGE S. ROUSSEAU. Bishop Berkeley and tar-water. Pp. 102-137 in Henry Knight Miller (et al.) ne Augustan milieu. Essays presented to Louis A. Landa. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. Concerning his Sinzs: A chain of philosophical reflexions and inquiries concerning the virtues of tar water (1744). 1420

OBER, WILLIAM B. Balthasar (Isaak) Orobio de Castro, M . D. (1620-1687), marrano physician and theologic disputant. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:1321-1328. 1421

OBER, WILLIAM B. Johan Frederick, Count Struensee, M. D. (1737-1 772), King, Queen, Jack. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:2139-2143. A Count in the Danish court, Struensee lost his life for being too involved with the Queen and the Court's politics. 1422

OBER, WILLIAM B. Sir Theodore Turquet de Mayerne, M. D., F.R.C.P. (1573-1655), Stuart physician and observer. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:449458. 1423

PARRAMORE, THOMAS C. Non-venereal treponematosis in colonial North America. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:571-581. 1424

PELNER, LOUIS. Abraham Zacutus Lusitanus (1575-1642). N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:446448. 1425

PREMUDA, LORIS. Klinische Beschreibung des Barre'-Lieou-Syndroms in De arthritide anomala sive intema von G. Musgrave. Medizinhist. J., 1970, 5:42-53. 1426

RATHER, LELLAND J.; J. B. FRERICHS. The Leibniz-Stahl controversy: II, Stahl's survey of the principle points of doubt. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:53-67. An English translation, with brief commentary, of Georg Ernst Stahl's essay Conspectus praecipuormm capit m dubitationis (1720), a response to Leibniz's Dubia 1427

RISSE, GUNTER B. The Brownian system of medicine: Its theoretical and practical implications. Clio Medica, 1970,5:45-51. "[Rudolf] Virchow compared the impact of John Brown's medical system to a devastating earthquake affecting European medicine during the last decade of the 18th century. In its wake much of the prevailing theory and practice of medicine were destroyed in Germany and Itay." 1428

ROBB-SMITH, A. H. T. John Hunter's private press. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:262-269. "It is curious, considering the detailed study of every aspect of John Hunter's life, how little attention has been paid to the fact that most of his books were printed in his own hduse." 1429

ROSEN, GEORGE. Sir William Temple and the therapeutic use of moxa for gout in England. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:31-39. In the 17th century this moss was a popular remedy for gout. 1430

ROSNER, ERHARD. Uber die Einflusse der Jesuitmission des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts auf die Medizin in China. Medizinhist. J., 1970,5:106-114. 1431

RUSSO, ANDREA. G. Battista Vico e la medicina. Episteme, 1969,3:262-266. 1432

SHORT, AGNES LOTHIAN. Portraits, paintings and caricatures. Phannaceutical Hist., 1970, 1(5): 10-11. Reproduces four late 18th-century caricatures of apothecaries. 1433



104 37 1 7th & 18th Centuries: Medicine, Technology

STECHL, PETER. Caspar Neumann: An early teacher of pharmaceutical chemistry. Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:51-56. The author suggests reasons why Neumann's contribution to 18th-century pharmacy is recognized but not his work as a pharmaceutical chemist. 1434

TRAIL, RICHARD R. Richard Morton (1637-1698). Med. Hist., 1970, 14:166-174. "Morton richly deserves his honored place in the long list of those who have contributed to the solution of the problem of tuberculosis ... [because] he was the first physician to state categorically that tubercules are always present in phthsis, and the first to describe the characteristic enlargement of the thoracic glands." 1435

TREUE, WILHELM. Die reale Stadt und die Krankheit im 17. Jahrhundert. Medizinhist. J., 1970,5:10-23. 1436

VETTER, THEODOR. Le "Stemma" de William Harvey (1578-1657), etudiant illustre de l'Universite de Padoue. Archs Herald. Suiss, 1966, 80:2-3. Harvey's coat of arms, with a colored plate. 1437

WALDRON, H. A. The Devonshire colic. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:383413. Describes the efforts of two 18th-century doctors, Sir George Baker and James Hardy, to convince England that the Devonshire colic was lead poisoning. 1438

WATSON, WILLIAM N. BOOG. Four monopolies and the surgeons of London and Edinburgh. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:311-322. Concerns the licensing of navy and army surgeons in the 18th and early 19th century. 1439

WEBSTER, NOAH. A brief history of epidemic and pestilential diseases, with the principal phenomena of the physical world which precede and accompany them, and observations deduced from the facts stated. 2 vols. New York: Franklin, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the 1799 edition. 1440

WEINER, DORA B. Le droit de l'homme a la Sant6-Une belle idee devant l'Assembl6e constituante: 1790-1791. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:209-223. 1441

WELLS, LLOYD A. Aneurysm and physiologic surgery. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:411-424. "The unfortunate tendency of historians to react personally to the strong character of John Hunter has led them to worship or despise him and to consider the Hunterian operation for popliteal aneurysm as the great surgical advance of the 18th century or as an insignificant plagarism from a great school of French surgeons. I shall attempt in this essay to place the operation in a more realistic scientific and surgical context." 1442

h. Technology (includes engineering, mining, mechanical inventions, horology, arts and crafts, military technology, agricultural technology)

AHRENS, GERHARD. Caspar Voght und sein Mustergut Flottbek. Englische Landwirtschaft in Deutschland am Ende d. 18. Jahrhunderts. (Beitrage zur Geschichte Hamburgs, 1.) 171 pp., map, bibl. Hamburg: Christians, 1969. DM 7.50. 1443

ARRIGHI, GINO. Uno scienziato lucchese del Seicento: Vincenzo Paoli e "La bossola". Physis, 1969, 11:5-36. An account of the life and works of the engineer and military architect. 1444

ATTLMAYR, ERNST. Joseph Stapf, der Begrunder der ersten technischen Lehrkanzel an der Innsbrucker Universitat (1762-1809). Beitr. Technikgesch. Tirols, 1969, 1:4044. 1445

BEDINI, SILVIO A. 1 7th-century magnetic timepieces. Physis, 1969, 11:3 7-68. 1447

BRIDE, WILLIAM L. James Watt-his inventions and connections with Heriot-Watt University. A lecture delivered on 3rd September 1969 as part of the commemoration by Heriot-Watt University and the Watt Club of the bicentenary of James Watt's condenser patents, 1769. 28 pp., illus., bibl. Edinburgh: Heriot-Watt Univ., 1970. 3s. 1448

BRUNET, JOSEPH. Science and the early fcole Polytechnique, 1794-1806: The impact of the early Polytechniciens on the science of the 18th century and on the industrial revolution in the 19th century. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3377-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Kentucky, 1969. Director: Carl B. Cone. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2565. 319 pp. $4. 1449

CAMPE, JOACHIM HEINRICH. tber einige verkannte wenigstens ungenutzte Mittel zur Beforderung der Industrie, der Bevolkerung und des offentlichen Wohistandes. In zwei Fragmenten. Mit einer Einleitung von G. Koneffke. (Quellenschriften zur Industrieschulbewegung, 2.) lxix + 158 + 112 pp., bibl. Frankfurt am Main: Sauer und Auvermann, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the Wolfenbuittel 1786 edition. 1450

CHABBERT, PIERRE. Jacques Borelly (16..-1689), membre de l'Acaddmie royale des Sciences. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:203-227. Borelly was a maker of optical instruments and a chemist. The article contains biographical information, a list of Borelly's published work, an inventory of the laboratory of the Acad6mie des Sciences, and two dedicatory letters to Borelly. 1451



37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Technology, Pseudo-Sciences 105

FAILLE, RENE. Les phares et la signalisation au XVIle sicle. XVIISi&cle, 1970,86-87:39-81. 1452

FAINA, GIANFRANCO. Ingegneria portuale genovese del Seicento. Opera compiuta in collaberazione con il Centro per la storia della tecnica del Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche e pubblicata con il contributo finanziario del Consiglio stesso. (Istituto italiano per la storia della tecnia. Pubblicazioni, sezione 4, studi 1.) 207 pp., illus., plt. Florence: Barbera, 1969. L3500. 1453

FORSTER, ROBERT. Obstacles to agricultural growth in 18th-century France. Am. Hist. Rev., 1970, 75:1600-1615. 1454

FRENCH, GILBERT J. Life and times of Samuel Crompton. xv + xiv + 299 pp., illus., port. New York: Kelley, 1970. Reprint of the 1860 edition with a new introduction by Stanley D. Chapman.

1455

HARVEY, W. S. Lead mining in 1768: Old records of a Scottish mining company. Ind Archaeol., 1970, 7:310-318. 1456

HOWSE, DEREK; BERESFORD HUTCHINSON. The clocks and watches of Captain James Cook, 1769- 1969. (Reprinted from the four quarterly issues, 1969, of Antiquarian Horology.) [64] pp., illus., tables, index. London: National Maritime Museum, 1970. 8s lOd. 1457

KLEMM, FRIEDRICH. Galilei und die Technik. Technik-Geschichte, 1970,37:13-26. 1458

MANEGOLD, KARL-HEINZ. Technik, Handelspolitik und Gesamtstaat: Brandenburgische Kanalbauten im 17. Jahrhundert. Technik-Geschichte, 1970, 37:101-129. 1459

METEYARD, ELIZA. The life of Josiah Wedgwood, from his private correspondence and family papers in the possession of Joseph Mayer, F. Wedgwood, C. Darwin, Miss Wedgwood and other original sources. With an introductory sketch of the art of pottery in England. 2 vols., illus., plts., bibl., index. London: Cornmarket, 1970. ?12 1Os. Facsimile reprint of the London 1865-1866 edition, with a new introduction by R. W. Lightbrown. 1460-

SETCHELL, J. R. M. The friendship of John Smeaton, F.R.S. with Henry Hindley, instrument and clockmaker of York, and the development of equatorial mounting telescopes. Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond., 1970,25:79-86. "Hindley [1701-1771J appears to have applied himself to instrument, engine and machine tool making throughout his life, concurrently with making his bread and butter by clockmaking. Even his clocks, however, are unusual; of the two dozen inspected by the writer, every one is different from the next. His life was nonetheless far from smooth; since he lacked the patronage of either the learned London societies or of a considerable number of really wealthy clients, he could never devote himself fully to invention outside clockmaking."

1461

SZABO, ISTVAN. tber die sog. "Bernoullische Gleichung" der Hydromechanik: Die Stromfaden- theorie Daniel und Johann Bernoullis. Technik- Geschichte, 1970,37:27-64. 1462

TODERICIU, DORU. Recepcja dziela Kazimierza Siemienowicza w krajach Rumufiskich w XVII wieku. (Reception of the work of Casimir Siemienowicz in Rumania in the 17th century.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970,15:544-553. Siemienowicz's work on artillery, Artis magnae artilleriae, was published in Amsterdam in 1650.

1463

WANSEY, HENRY. Henry Wansey and his American journal, 1794. Ed. by David John Jeremy. (Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, 82.) xviii + 186 pp., illus., port., maps, bibl., index. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1970. $7. Wansey's journal contains the only published account by an English textile manufacturer of the early U.S. textile industry. This annotated edition of the journal is based on two English editions of 1796 and 1798, and contains a biography of Wansey.

1464

i. Pseudo-sciences and paradoxes (includes natural magic, witchcraft, divination, alchemy, and astrology)

DEMOS, JOHN. Underlying themes in the witchcraft of 17th-century New England. Am. Hist. Rev., 1970, 75:1311-1326. The author places the historical materials within an anthropological framework.

1465



106 37. 17th & 18th Centuries: Pseudo-Sciences 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: General

DIETHELM, OSKAR. The medical teaching of demonology in the 17th and 18th centuries. J. Hist. BehavlSci., 1970, 6:3-15. "The changing attitude to demonology during the 17th and at the beginning of the 18th centuries are well illustrated by the medical publications of students and professors. Sennert [1572-16371and de Haen [1704-17761exemplify the cultural and scientific differences of the beginning and end of this period which was characterized by the development and growth of science, the struggle between Cartesian and dogmatic teaching, religious dogmatism, violent warfare, hunger and epidemics. Mysticism persisted until the full development of the period of the Enlightenment. The attitude towards demonology changed in the medical faculties from one of partial and limited critical acceptance to full rejection." 1466

FRICK, KARL. Johann Christian Bahrens (1765-1833), ein westfilischer Pfarrer, Arzt und Alchemist. Sudhoffs Arch., 1969,53:423-439. "The work gives a survey of the ample correspondence which the Westfalian parson, medical doctor and alchemist BWihrens exchanged with his spiritual relative Carl Arnold Kortum, a medical doctor, too, who is better known from the history of alchemy. The work exclusively deals with alchemical and socialpolitical problems as they were discussed at the end of the 18th century." From the English summary. 1467

JONG, HELENA M. E. Glauber und die Weltanschauung der Rosenkreuzer. Janus, 1969,56:278-304. 1468

j. Disciplines ancillary to the history of science

HS 38. NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES (to c. 1914)

a. General histories and histories of science; philosophy (includes biographies, the items under B, philosophy, natural philosophy, and theological writings relating to scientific problems)

ALTHOLZ, JOSEF L. Victorian England, 1837-1901. xi + 100 pp., index. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr. for the Conference on British Studies, 1970. 35s. A bibliographical handbook with chapters on agricultural history, science and technology, and intellectual history. 1469

BABBAGE, CHARLES. Reflections on the decline of science in England, and on some of its causes. To which is added On the alleged decline of science in England, by a foreigner (Gerard Moll), with a foreword by Michael Faraday (1831). xvi + 228 + 33 pp. New York: Kelley, 1970. 1470

BASALLA, GEORGE; WILLIAM COLEMAN; ROBERT H. KARGON (eds.) Victorian science: A self-portrait from the presidential addresses of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. x + 510 pp., illus., ports. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970. $2.45 (paper). 1471

BERGMAN, SHMUEL HUGO. Das philosophische Werk Bernard Bolzanos mit Benutzung ungedruckter Quellen kritisch untersucht. Nebst einem Anhange: Bolzanos Beitrage zur philosophischen Grundlegung der Mathematik. xiv + 230 pp. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Reprint of the Halle 1909 edition. 1472

BERNAL, JOHN D. Science and industry in the 19th century. [Second edition.] xiii + 230 pp. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Pr., 1970. $6.50. Originally published London 1953. 1473

COMTE, AUGUSTE. Calendrier positiviste ou Systeme g6ndral de commemoration publique ... 35 pp. Brussels: Culture et Civilisation, 1969. Bfr 160. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1849 edition. 1474

COMTE, AUGUSTE. Introduction to positive philosophy. Ed., with an intro. and revised trans., by Frederick Ferr6. xiv + 70 pp., bibl., index. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1970. $4.50. 1475

COURNOT, ANTOINE A4UGUSTIN. Materialisme, vitalisme, rationalisme: Etudes sur 1'emploi des donnees de la science en philosophie. (Ristampe anastatiche di opere antiche e rare, 46.) 395 pp. Rome: Bizzarri, 1969. L 9900. Facsimile reprint of the 1875 edition. 1476

CROWTHER, JAMES G. Lenin and science. New Scient., 1970,46:184-186. "Having the principles of the planned development of industrial society, and even of the development of modemn science, clearly in his mind before the Revolution, Lenin was able without hesitation to act on those principles for. the benefit of industrial and scientific development, when the Revolution gave him the requisite political power." 1477

DODD, GEORGE. Wordsworth and Hamilton. Nature, 1970,228:1261-1263. "The 200th anniversary of Wordsworth's birth seems to be a good time to recall one of the most interesting and best documented associations between an outstanding poet and a major scientist. The Irish mathematician [William Rowan] Hamilton and the English poet [William] Wordsworth were friends and correspondents for more than twenty years. Each helped to mould the ideas of the other significanfly." From the summary. 1478

DOOLEY, PATRICK K. "Humanism" in the philosophy of William James. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5027-A. Dissertation at Univ. of Notre Dame, 1969. Director: C. F. Delaney. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7887. 281 pp. $3.65. 1479




DRAKE, DANIEL. Physician to the West: Selected writings of Daniel Drake on science & society. Ed. with intro. by Henry D. Shapiro and Zane L. Miller. xxxviii + 418 pp., port. Lexington: Univ. Pr. of Kentucky, 1970. $12.50. Pp. 381419 contain a bibliography of the writings of Drake. 1480

DURRANT, GEOFFREY. Wordsworth and the great system: A study of Wordsworth's poetic universe. viii + 180 pp., index. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. Chapter one treats 'Vordsworth and the scientific spirit." 1481

EMBLEN, DONALD L. Peter Mark Roget, the word and the man. xvi + 368 pp., plts., bibl., index. New York: Crowell, 1970. $10. 1482

ENGELS, FRIEDRICH. Herrn Eugen Diihrings Umwivlzung der Wissenschaft. (Anti-Diihring). 346 pp. Berlin: Dietz, 1969. DM 4.80. Reprint of the Stuttgart 1874 edition. 1483

GEYMONAT, LUDOVICO. La classificazione delle scienze in Ampere e in Comte. Physis, 1969, 11:223-230. 1484

GILLESPIE, NEAL C.; GERALD H. DAVIS. Auguste Comte: Four lost letters to America. J. Hist. Phil., 1970,8:49-63. Transcription with brief commentary of four of Comte's letters to George-Frederick Holmes about Comte's Cours de philosophie positive and System de politique positive. 1485

GLEZERMAN, G. E. Lenin and the problem of scientific prediction. Soviet Stud. Phil., 1970, 9:3-27.

.... significant interest attaches to efforts to throw light on the theoretical foundations of scientific prediction, and also on its special relationships to the life of society. In connection with the approaching centenary of Lenin's birth, it is fitting to attempt to draw conclusions from the heritage of ideas left with respect to these matters by our teacher, whose genius was always directed forward. He had the ability to forecast the course of social developments with insight, without ever departing from the real ground given by the present." 1486

GOBAR, ASH. The phenomenology of William James. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970,114:294-309. 'The final lesson to be derived from the internal history of the philosophy of James written here concems the relationship between science and philosophy. The phenomenology of James did not isolate these two areas of knowledge but rather inter-related them at every level. The result was an objective phenomenology which was more realistic than the existential phenomenologies popular today." 1487

GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT. British parliamentary papers: Education, scientific and technical: First and second reports from the Royal Commission on Scientific Instruction and the Advancement of Science, with minutes of evidence, appendices and correspondence, together with a supplementary report and memorial, 1871-1872. 814 pp. Shannon: Irish Univ. Pr., 1970. ?40 17s. Facsimile reprint of the London 1872 edition. 1488

GOMBRICH, E. H. Aby Warburg. An intellectual biography. With a memoir on the history of the Library by F. Saxl. vi + 376 pp., 65 plts., bibl., index. London: Warburg Institute, 1970. ?6. 1489

HAUGRUD, RAYCHEL A. [John] Tyndall's interest in Emerson. Am. Lit., 1970,41:507-517. "Thus, from what Tyndall said concerning the need of a scientist to transcend experience in order to arrive at his conclusions, coupled with his statements on the great debt he owed Emerson, who told him what he should do in a manner that caused him to do it, one can speculate that Emerson acted as an instructor, teaching Tyndall how to use the imagination as the tool for transcending experience." 1490

HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH. Hegel's philosophy of nature. Ed. and trans. with an intro. and explanatory notes by M. J. Petry. 3 vols. London: Allen & Unwin, 1970. ?18. The translation is from the German text prepared by K. L. Michelet and published in 1842. 1491

HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH. Hegel's philosophy of nature. Being part two of the Encyclopaedia of the philosophical sciences (1830) trans. from Nicolin and Poggeler's edition (1959) and from the Zusitze in Michelet's text (1847) by A. V. Miller. With a foreword by J. N. Findlay. xxxi + 450 pp., index. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 75s. 1492

HOLMFIELD, JOHN D. From amateurs to professionals in American science: The controversy over the proceedings of an 1853 scientific meeting. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970,114:22.36. "In the decade before the Civil War, American science went through an important transition. The older, amateur scientist pursuing his wide-ranging interests in what had been termed natural philosophy, moved from the center of the stage and was replaced by the professional, discipline- oriented scientist ... The subject of this shift to professional control was the proceedings of the annual meetings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the proceedings of the seventh meeting, held in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1853, decisively marks this change. A volume of proceedings which was edited by amateur scientists was formally disavowed by the association's leadership of professionals who did their best to suppress it, and the official version was delayed for three years." 1493

HUSSERL, EDMUND. The crisis of European sciences and transcendental phenomenology. An introduction to phenomenological philosophy. Trans. with an intro. by David Carr. (Northwestern University studies in phenomenology and existential philosophy.) xliii + 405 pp. Evanston: Northwestern Univ. Pr., 1970. 1494




JENSEN, J. VERNON. The X club: Fraternity of Victorian scientists. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:63-72. "Formed in 1864 by nine eminent scientists, 'the X club' served as a highly si&nificant fraternity of scientists, and the regular communication which it afforded helped the members to marshall their efforts on behalf of science against what they felt to be the obstructionist activities and ideas of conservative scientists, certain theologians, and non-scientific society figures." George Busk (1807-1887); Joseph D. Hooker (1817-1911); Herbert Spencer (1820-1903); John Tyndall (1820-1893); Edward Frankland (1825-1899); Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895); William Spottiswoode (1825-1883); Thomas Archer Hirst (1830-1892); and John Lubbock (1834-1913). 1495

KAHANE, ERNEST. De Laplace a Biot et de Biot A Pasteur. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:277-280. Relates two anecdotes concerning these men. Previously published in Jeune Scientifique, 1969, 7:104-107. 1496

KEDROV, BONIFATII MIKHAILOVICH. Lenin iuber das Verhaltnis von Wissenschaft und Technik. Einheit, 1970,25:461471. 1497

KEDROV, BONIFATII MIKHAILOVICH. On the distinctive characteristics of Lenin's Philosophical notebooks. Soviet Stud. Phil., 1970, 9:28-44. "We know that the Philosophical notebooks do not constitute a finished work, but are working digests done by Lenin, not for publication but only for himself, and as a basis for further work on questions of dialectics. This circumstance must always be remembered when one turns to the philosophical notebooks. Here are recorded and collected Lenin's remarkable thoughts as they developed upon reading the works of Hegel and other philosophers as well as certain natural scientists, and Lenin's exceedingly valuable plans and notions pertaining to further work on theoretical problems of the materialist dialectic." 1498

KEDROV, BONIFATII MIKHAILOVICH. V. I. Lenin o kartine mira. (Lenin and the world picture.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:3-7. 1499

KLIMASZEWSKY, G(YNTER. Revolutionare Philosophie und Entwicklung der Wissenschaft. Zu Friedrich Engels' philosophischem Werk. Einheit, 1970,25:1430-1442. 1500

KUZNETSOV, BORIS GRIGOR'EVICH. Lnine et les principes epistemologiques des previsions scientifiques, techniques, et economiques. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:15-36. 1501

KUZNETSOV, BORIS GRIGOR'EVICH. V. I. Lenin i istoriia nauki. (Lenin and the history of science.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970, 30:3-9. Lead article in a special issue devoted to Lenin. The other articles include: Ia. G. Dorfman: Leninskii filosofiskii analiz i razvitie fiziki v XX stoletii. (Lenin's philosophical analysis and the development of physics in the 20th century.) Iu. S. Meleschchenko, S. V. Shukhardin, Lenin i nekotorye problemy tekhniki. (Lenin and problems of technology.) A. V. Kol'tsov: Lenin i organizatsiia nauchnykh issledovanii v pervye gody sovetskoi vlasti. (Lenin and the organisation of scientific research during the first years of Soviet power.) A. A. Kuzin: Leninskie idei v tekhnicheskoi politike KPSS, 1920-1930. (Lenin's ideas in the technological policy of the KPSS.) V. N. Makeeva: Lenin i nauchno-tekhnicheskii otdel VSNIH. (Lenin and the department of science and technology of the VSNKH.) M. G. Iaroshevskii: Lenin i razvitie psikhofiziologii. (Lenin and the development of psycho- physiology.) E. Kol'man: Ob odnoi Leninskoi mysli. (About

one idea of Lenin's.) V. A. Volkov: Po sledam Leninskikh poruchenii: Dokumenty. (Retracing Lenin's commissions: Documents.) L. V. Kaminer, L. Ia. Pavlova: Lenin i estestvoznanie: Osnovnaia literatura. (Lenin and science: Basic literature.) I. I. Avtukhova, L. P. Chirkova: Lenin i tekhnika: Osnovanaia literatura. (Lenin and technology: Basic literature.) 1502

LACAITA, CARLO G. [Carlo] Cattaneo e la cultura technico-scientifica. Riv. Crit. Stor. Fil., 1970, 25:115-126. Lead article in a special issue devoted to Cattaneo. The other articles include: Franco Alessio: II concetto di scienza in Cattaneo. LuigiAmbrosoli: I problemi dell' educazione e della scuola in Cattaneo. Umberto Puccio: Cattaneo e Pisacane. Norberto Bobbio: Della sfortuna del pensiero di Carlo Cattaneo nella cultura italiana. 1503

LENIN UND DIE WISSENSCHAFT. I: Lenin und die Gesellshaftswissenschaften. Beitrage zum 100. Geburtstag von W. I. Lenin. II: Lenin und die Naturwissenschaften. 2 vols.; x + 420 pp.; x + 376 pp. Berlin: VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1970. 1504

MACLEOD, ROY M. Science and the Civil List, 1824- 1914. Tech. Soc., 1970, 6:47-55. A statistical study of scientists given stipends from the Crown. 1505

MANDLEROVA, JANA. K zahranic'nim cestdm ucitelu vysokych Ikol v ceskych zemfch, 1888-1918. (Czech university teachers' contacts with foreign countries at the end of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.) Deiiny Ved Tech., 1969,2:232-246. Emphasizes the relations of Czech scientists with foreign countries.

1506

MARCUCCI, SILVESTRO; La teoria del metodo scientifico nell'epistemologia di William Whewell. Physis, 1969,11:379-389. 1507

MICHELET, KARL LUDWIG. Das System der Philosophie als exacter Wissenschaft enthaltend Logik, Naturphilosophie und Geistesphilosophie. 5 vols. Brussels: Culture et Civilisation, 1968. Bfr 5300. Facsimile reprint of the Berlin 1876-1881 edition. 1508




MILLER, HOWARD SMITH. Dollars for research: Science and its patrons in 19th-century America. xi + 258 pp. Seattle: Univ. Washington Pr., 1970. $9.50. 1509

MILOSCHEV, BORIS JOSIFOV. La contribution de la France au developpement de l'instruction superieure en Bulgarie au cours de la second moitie du XIXe siecle. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:165-169. "Ces pages sont le resume d'une monographie inedite consacree pour une bonne part a la grande contribution de la France au developpement de l'instruction superleure de 1836 a 1910. Les donnees sont authentiques et proviennent uniquement de sources officie}les bulgares. C'est pour la premiere fois chez nous qu'on examine ce probleme et notre etude reflete objectivement le volume reel de la contribution fran?aise dans ce domaine."

1510

OBUCHOWSKI, PETER A. The relationship of Emerson's interest in science to his thought. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:3914-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Michigan, 1969. Chainran: Morris Greenhut. Univ. Microfilms order no. 704158. 285 pp. $3.70.

1511

PFETSCH, FRANK. Scientific organization and science policy in Imperial Germany, 1871-1914: The foundations of the Imperial Institute of Physics and Technology.Minerva, 1970, 8: 557-580.. "In this article I attempt to describe the fundamental features of science policy in Imperial Germany on the basis of an analysis of the scientific enterprises conducted by the govemment. I shall also attempt to show, through a case study, which arguments were influential in decisions for or against particular policies."

1512

PHILLIPS, D. C. Organicism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:413.432. According to some sociologists and political scientists "the characteristic feature of organicism has been the use of the analogy of a living organism to throw light on the world, either in part or considered as a whole. But this analysis oversimplifies and even confuses matters; in the first place, the idea of organic teleology is thereby included in the group of ideas constituting organicism, and yet this idea is not related to the other ideas which make up the group. Secondly, explication of organicism in terms of the organic analogy is unduly vague, for five distinct but interrelated ideas can be distinguished fairly readily in the organicist position, at least in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is with an analysis of these five ideas, and an investigation of their development and deployment during this particular period, that the following pages will be primarily concerned."

1513

REILLY, FRANCIS E. Charles Peirce's theory of scientific method. (Orestes Brownson series on contemporary thought and affairs, 7.) vii + 200 pp., bibl., index. New York: Fordham Univ. Pr., 1970. $8. 1514

ROTHBLATT, SHELDON. A Victorian university reformer.Minerva, 1970,8:470-473. Essay review of Adam Sedgwick,A discourse on the studies of the University (Leicester University Pr., 1969).

1515

SANDKOHLER, HANS JORG. Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling. viii + 108 pp. Stuttgart: Metzler, 1970. Contains a bibliography of Schelling's works and a "Schelling-Bibliographie, 1954-1969". 1516

SHARPE, ROBERT. Induction, abduction, and the evolution of science. Trans. C. S. Peirce Soc., 1970, 6:17-33. "I have tried to show in this paper that the view that science progresses by leaps is the theory most consistent with Peirce's view of scientific method." 1517

SIVERMAN, ROBERT; MARK BEACH. A national university for upstate New York. Am. Q., 1970, 22:701-713. In 1850 a university stressing the sciences instead of the classics was proposed for Albany. Central to its conception and ultimate failure were several leading scientists, James Hall, Louis Agassiz, Joseph Henry, Alexander Dallas Bache, and Benjamin Peirce. 1518

SOCIEDAD DE CIENCIAS FfSICAS Y NATURALES DE CARACAS. Actas, 1867-1878. Compilaci6n y estudio preliminar por Blas Bruni Celli. (Coleccion hist6rico-econo6mica venezolana, 11-12.) 2 vols., port. Caracas: Banco Central de Venezuela, 1968. 1519

STANKOVI(, SINI1A. Lenjin i filozofsko-teorijski problemni prirodnih nauka. (Lenin and philosophical- theoretical problems of natural science.) Dijalektika, 1970,5(1):33-41. 1520

TABARRONI, GIORGIO. Raffaello Cavemi: Prete contestatore, a la 70 anni dalla morte. Physis, 1969, 11:564-570. Caverni's Storia del metodo sperimentale in Italia (1891) was one of the first Italian histories of science. 1521

TANAKA, MINORU. The correspondence of Wilhelm Ostwald and K. Ikeda on education. (In Japanese.) KagakusiKenkyu, 1970, 9:35-38. 1522

TODHUNTER, ISAAC. WilliamWhewell, master of Trinity College, Cambridge. An account of his writings with selections from his literary and scientific correspondence. (Sources of science, 92.) 2 vols. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1970. Reprint of the 1876 edition with a prefatory review by James Clerk Maxwell and a new index by F. B. Burnham. 1523

TYNDALL, JOHN. Fragments of science. A series of detached essays, addresses and reviews. Eighth edition republished. 2 vols.; viii + 452 pp.; 452 pp. Farnborough: Gregg, 1970. ?10. Facsimile reprint of the 1892 edition. 1524



110 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: General, Mathematics

VUCINICH, ALEXANDER. Science in Russian culture, 1861-1917. xvi + 575 pp., bibl., index. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Pr., 1970. $18.50. 1525

WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL. The wonderful century: Its successes and failures. xii + 400 pp., 13 plts., illus., port., index. Farnborough: Gregg, 1970. ?5. Facsimile reprint of the London 1898 edition.

1526

WATANABE, MASAO. Six American science teachers in late 19th-century Japan. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1969, 8:203-209. Peter Vrooman Veeder, Horace E. Wilson, William Edwin Parson, Achilles William Unthank, George Jewett Rockwell, and Milton Haight.

1527

WINTER, EDUARD. Bernard Bolzano, ein Lebensbild. (Bernard Bolzano-Gesamtausgabe, Einleitungsband, erster Teil.) 199 pp., bibl., index. Stuttgart: Frommann, 1969. 1528

WINTER, EDUARD; MARIA WINTER. Der Bolzanokreis 1824-1833, in Briefen von Anna Hoffmann, Michael Josef Fesl, Franz Schneider und Franz Prfihonsky. (Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Phil.-Hist. Klasse. Sitzungs- berichte, 266, 1.) 283 pp., 10 plts. Vienna: B6hlaus, 1970. Os 280. 1529


BIERMANN, KURT-R. Die Mathematik und ihre Dozenten an der Berliner Universitat, 1810-1920. Mber. Dt. Akad. Wiss. Berl., 1970,12:400-404. 1530

BIERMANN, KURT-R. Versuch der Deutung einer Gausschen Chiffre. Mber. Dt. Akad. Wiss. Berl., 1969, 11:526-530. 1531

BURCKHARDT, J. J. (Uber die Entdeckung der Paralleloeder. Janus, 1969, S6:241-243. "Im Jahre 1885 veroffentliche E. S. Fedorow in russischer Sprache die Abhandlung 'Elemente der Lehre von den Figuren'. . . In den pp. 75-84 dieses Werkes leitete Fedorow erstmals die beiden Parallelogone und die fuinf Paralleloeder her."

1532

COPPEL, W. A. J. B. Fourier-On the occasion of his hundredth birthday. Am. Math. Mon., 1969, 76:468483. An account, largely historical, of extensions and generalizations of the work of Fourier to the middle of the 20th century.

1533

DICK, AUGUSTE. Emmy Noether, 1882-1935. (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift Elemente der Mathematik, 13.) 72 pp. Basel: Birkhauser, 1970. Sfr 14. Includes a memorial address in English delivered in Goodhart Hall, Bryn Mawr College, on April 26, 1935, by H. Weyl. Bibliography of Emmy Noether: p. 4043. 1534

DOBROVOL'SKII, V. A.; F. D. KRAMAR. 0 mekhani- cheskam i algebraicheskom napravleniiakh v formiro- vanii vektornogo ischisleniia. (On mechanical and algebraic trends in the development of vector calculation.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:25-29. 1535

FREGE, GOTTLOB. Les fondements del'arithm6tique. Recherche logicomathematique sur le concept de nombre. Trad. et intro. de Claude Imbert. 236 pp., bibl. Paris: du Seuil, 1970. F 25. 1536

GRATTAN-GUINNESS, IVOR. Bolcano, Cauchy and the "New Analysis" of the early 19th century. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6:372400. "In this paper I discuss the development of mathematical analysis during the second and third decades of the 19th century; and in particular I assert that the well-known correspondence of new ideas to be found in the writings of [Bernard] Bolzano and [Augustin-Louis] Cauchy is not a coincidence, but that Cauchy had read one particular paper of Bolzano and drew on its results without acknowledgement." From the author's summary. 1537

GREEN, GEORGE. Mathematical papers. Ed. by N. M. Ferrers. x + 336 pp. New York: Chelsea, 1970. $8.50. First published under the title Mathematical papers of the late George Green in 1871. 1538

HAWKINS, THOMAS W. Lebesgue's theory of integration, its origins and development. xv + 227 pp., bibl., index. Madison: Univ. Wisconsin Pr., 1970. $12.50. 1539

HUERTA-JOURDA, JOSE. On the threshold of phenomenology: A study of Edmund Husserl's Philosophie derArithmetik. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3502-A. Dissertation at New York Univ., 1969. Adviser: Harmon M. Chapman. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2470. 209 pp. $3. 1540

JOHNSON, PHILLIP E. The early beginnings of set theory. Maths Teacher, 1970, 63:690-692. "Georg Cantor created and largely developed the theory of sets in approximately the years 1874-1897. In contrast to such developments as the calculus and non-Euclidean geometry, the creation of set theory was, according to all indications, Cantor's alone. Also, set theory was not preceded by a long evolutionary period such as is usually the case with big mathematical breakthroughs. The present article will concern itself primiarily with the very earliest set-theoretic works of Cantor, namely his.first two papers in this area." 1541



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Mathematics, Physical Sciences 111

KIRO, S. N. Akademik E. D. Kollins. (Academician E. D. Kollins.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970, 31:81-87. Kollins (1791-1840) was a mathematician and member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Science. 1542

LEFSCHETZ, SOLOMON. The early development of algebraic geometry. Am. Math. Mon., 1969, 76:451460. The account begins with Legendre's work on elliptic functions, continues with Riemann surfaces and the work of Max Noether, and closes about the year 1900. 1543

OTERO, MARIO H. Les definitions implicites chez Gergonne. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:251-255. Conceming the contention that Joseph Diez Gergonne (1771-1859) was the first to introduce "la notion de definition implicite A l'aide de systemes d'axiomes". 1544

POWER, E. A. Exeter's mathematician-W. K. Clifford, F.R.S., 1845-79. Advmt Sci. (London), 1970, 26:318-328. "William Kingdon Clifford... was a reasoner of genius not only assisted and tempered by imagination but driven by it: an outstanding example of a mathematician of the first rank whose work both within mathematics and outside it was infected with imagination of the highest order." 1545

REID, CONSTANCE. Hilbert. With an appreciation of Hilbert's mathematical work by Hermann Weyl. xi + 290 pp., illus., ports., index. London: Allen and Unwin; Berlin: Springer, 1970. ?3.75. Emphasis is on personal reminiscences of the central figure at G6ttingen, then the outstanding mathematical center. Included are a chapter on the celebrated Hilbert problems and a shortened version of Hermann Weyl's article, "David Hilbert and his mathematical work", which appeared in the Bull. Am. Math. Soc., 1944,50:612-654. C. BOYER 1546

SCHROTER, KARL. Die Mengenlehre als inhaltliches Fundament der Mathematik. NTM, 1969, 6(1):1-9. Discusses principally the work of Jacob Burckhardt and Georg Cantor. 1547

TANNER-YOUNG, ROSALIND C. H. Die Youngsche Darstellung der Punktmengenlehre. NTM, 1969, 6(1):10-1 2. William Henry Young (1863-1942) and his Theory of set points (1906). 1548

TVRDA, JANA. Vznik teorie matic. (Origin of the theory of matrices.) DAjiny V6d Tech., 1970, 3:11-23. This article, in Czech with an English summary, describes the work of Cayley and Sylvester from 1843, marking the first stage in the theory of matrices, and 1858, when Cayley presented an integrated exposition of the concept of a matrix. 1549

VALSON, CLAUDE A. La vie et les travaux du baron Cauchy. R6impression augmente d'une intro. par Rene Taton. 2 vols. in 1. Paris: Blanchard, 1970. F 32. Reprint of the Paris 1868 edition. 1550

WUSSING, HANS L. Die Genesis des abstrakten Gruppenbegriffes. Ein Beitrag zur Entstehungs- geschichte der abstrakten Gruppentheorie. 258 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1969. DM 42. 1551


AKHIEZER, A. I. Filosofskie idei V. I. Lenina i evoliutsiia fizicheskoi kartiny mira. (Lenin's philosophical ideas and the revolution of the physical world picture.) Vop. Filos., 1970, 5:20-29; 6:3747. 1552

ASHBROOK, JOSEPH. How S. W. Burnham became an astronomer. Sky Telesc., 1970, 39:225. Describes the conversion of Sherbume Wesley Burnham (1838-1921) from a court reporter into a prolific double- star discoverer. 1553

ASHBROOK, JOSEPH. S. W. Burnham's lick and Yerkes years. Sky Telesc., 1970, 39:363-364. 1554

ATTLMAYR, ERNST. Adalbert von Waltenhofen (1828-1914). Beitr. Technikgesch. Tirols, 1969, 1:4549. 1555

BARR, E. SCOTT. Anniversaries in 1970 of interest to physicists. Am. J. Phys., 1970,38:50-58. During the year 1970 there are major anniversaries of the birth or death of seven men whose accomplishments and influence have been of importance to the development of physics. They are: Alexandre Edmond Becquerel, Henry Andrews Bumstead, Heinrich Gustav Magnus, Jean Baptiste Perrin, William John Macquorn Rankine, Simon Stevin, and John Tyndall. Brief accounts of their careers are given here. 1556

BERNATOWICZ, ALBERT J. Dalton's rule of simplicity. J. Chem. Educ., 1970, 47:577-579. The contribution Dalton made to science lies in his formulation of a set of rules for establishing molecular formulas ."... there is a generally unmentioned deficiency in the set of rules which I shaU pursue here, namely, that except for unique-i. e. monotypic-compounds, Dalton's rules, which at first glance seem so clear and unequivocal, do not stipulate operations." 1557



112 3& 19th & 20th Centuries: Physical Sciences

BERNHARDT, HANNELORE. Der Wiederkehreinwand gegen Boltzmanns H-Theorem und der Begriff der Irreversibilitat. NTM, 1969, 6(2):27-36. 1558

BETTERIDGE, D. The teaching of analytical chemistry in the United Kingdom before 1914. Talanta, 1969, 16:995-1022. The history of the teaching of analytical chemisty in the United Kingdom before 1914 is described. The development is placed within the context of the growth of chemical teaching through the 19th century. It is shown that the methods adopted derived mainly from German authors, in particular Fresenius, and that native authors were not as influential, although their works had many desirable features. It is argued that the place of analysis within the curriculum was fixed in an incongruous position because of the early development of national examinations. It is also argued that the advantages of teaching analytical chemistry have been demonstrated, but that the benefits have not always been realized because of conservatism and the failure to establish a research school in analytical chemistry. 1559

BIERMANN, KURT-R. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Alexander von Humboldt und C. G. J. Jacobi uber die Entdeckung des Neptun. NTM, 1969, 6(1):61-67. 1560

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. The wave theory of heat: A forgotten stage in the transition from the caloric theory to thermodynamics. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970, 5:145-167. "Research on thermal 'black-body' radiation played an essential role in the origin of the quantum theory at the beginning of the 20th century. This is a well-known fact, but historians of science up to now have not generally recognized that studies of radiant heat were also important in an earlier episode in the development of modern physics: the transition from caloric theory to thermodynamics. During the period 1830-50, many physicists were led by these studies to accept a wave theory of heat, although this theory subsequently faded into obscurity."

1561

BRUYLANTS, ALBERT. De l'hexagone a 1'helice ou stereochimie, hier et aujourdhui. Acad. Roy. Belgique, Bull. Cl. Sci., 1970,56:411432. An historical survey from Kekul6 and van't Hoff to Crick and Watson. 1562

BUCHHEIM, WOLFGANG. William Rowan Hamilton und das Fortwirken seiner Gedanken in der modernen Physik. (II. Teil). NTM, 1969, 6(1):43-60. 1563

BULFERETTI, LUIGI. Luigi Federico Menabrea e i suoi inediti "Souvenirs". Physis, 1969, 11:89-99. 1564

BUTTMAN, GUNTHER. The shadow of the telescope: A biography of John Herschel. Trans. by B. E. J. Pagel. Ed. with an intro. by David S. Evans. xiv + 219 pp., port., illus., bibl., index. New York: Scribner, 1970. $7.95. 1565

BYKOV, GEORGII VLADIMIROVICH. K istorii otkrytiia elektrona. Otvet B. M. Kedrovu. (On the history of the discovery of the electron. Reply to B. M. Kedrov.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:71-72. 1566

BYNUM, WILLIAM F. Chemical structure and pharmacological action: A chapter in the history of 19th-century molecular pharmacology. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:518-538. Special attention is given to James Blake, Benjamin Ward Richardson, and Thomas Richard Fraser. 1567

CACKOWSKI, Z. A creative problem solving process. J. Creat. Behav., 1969,3:185-193. On the discovery of the structure of benzene by Kekul6.

1568

CALVERT, H. R. The presentation of Caroline Herschel's telescope to the Society by Sir John Herschel. Q. J. R. Astr. Soc., 1970,11:105-108. Very likely this telescope is the one through which Uranus was first seen by William Herschel. 1569

CANTOR, GEOFFREY N. The changing role of Young's ether. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:44-62. "This paper sets out to examine the changes which took place in Thomas Young's concepts of the ether between 1799 and 1807." 1570

CANTOR, GEOFFREY N. Thomas Young's lectures at the Royal Institution. Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond., 1970,25:87-112. "Thomas Young, F.R.S. (1773-1829) achieved renown not only for the original contributions which he made to physics, but also, to a lesser extent, for his work in the field of hieroglyphics, physiology and classics. Yet he was a professional scientist for only two years (1802-1803), when he held the chair of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution. In this paper Young's progress during these two years will be examined, firstly from the biographical point of view and secondly with respect to the development of his scientific ideas. In both these sections the emphasis will be on the lectures in natural philosophy which he delivered before the Royal Institution in 1802 and repeated in the following year. The second section wiil be mainly devoted to an analysis of the contents of the notebooks in which he kept the notes for his lectures." 1571

CONANT, JAMES B. Theodore William Richards and the periodic table. Science, 1970, 168:425428. In 1913 Richards won the Nobel Prize for his work on atomic weights. 1572

DAHNE, SIEGFRIED. Die historische Entwicklung der Farbstofftheorien. Z. Chem., 1970, 10:133-140, 168-183. 1573

DANZER, KLAUS. Zur historischen Entwicklung der Emissionsspektralanalyse, insbesondere im Hinblick auf ihre Anwendung in der Praxis. Teil I. NTM, 1969, 6(2):13-26. 1574




DAUB, EDWARD E. Waterston, Rankine, and Clausius on the kinetic theory of gases. Isis, 1970, 61:105-106. A note on "the decisive character of Clausius' role in the development of the kinetic theory of gases." 1575

DEWHIRST, D. W. The Newall telescope. J. Br. Astr. Ass., 1970,80:493-495. Commemorating the centenary of what was once the largest refractor in the world. 1576

DINGLE, HERBERT. Sidelights on astronomy during the Society's history. Q. J. R. Astr. Soc., 1970, 11:109-119. 1577

ENDO, SHINJI; SACHIE SAITO. The Zeeman effect and the Lorentz theory of the oscillator (II.) (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967, 6:167-175. 1578

FEUER, LEWIS S. Ernst Mach: The unconscious motives of an empiricist. Am. Imago, 1970,27:12-39. "Genetic analysis was the powerful method on which Mach based his critique of absolute space and time. Perhaps genetic analysis will similarly help us to isolate the non-logical components in philosophical standpoints. I shall be especially concerned with the genetic basis of four central tenets of Ernst Mach: First, his antipathy to atomistic hypotheses in science, such as that, for instance, underlying the kinetic theory of gases. Second, his remarkable idea that the notion of 'cause' should be replaced by that of a functional interdependence of phenomena. Third, his view that the world should be regarded as a complex of sensations, the world- elements, with a rejection of things-in-themselves. Fourth, his denial of absolute space and time in favor of relativistic conceptions." 1579

FRAME, EDITH. Thomas Graham: A centenary account. PhilosophicalJ., 1970, 7:116-127. "September 16th, 1969, marks the centenary of the death of Thomas Graham, the Glasgow-born 'father of colloid chemistry' . . . In this century reassessments of Graham have concentrated on the work contained in [his physical and chemical] papers, and other aspects of his career have been neglected. The purpose of this paper is to give a brief summary of research being conducted into these lesser known aspects of his work-as educationalist, consultant in applied chemistry, and as Master of the Mint." 1580

FUJII, YOICHIRO. Gravity measurements in Japan by T. C. Mendenhall. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1968, 7:200-201. 1581

GOETHE, JOHANN WOLFGANG VON. Theory of colours. Trans. from the German with notes by Charles Lock Eastlake. Intro. by Deane B. Judd. lxii + 423 pp. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $2.95 (paper). Reprint of the 1840 translation, which omits most of the polemic against Newton. 1582

GOLDBERG, STANLEY. Poincare's silence and Einstein's relativity: The role of theory and experiment in Poincare's physics. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:73-84. 1583

GOLDFARB, STEPHEN. Science and democracy: A history of the Cincinnati Observatory, 1842-1872. Ohio Hist., 1969, 78:172-178. The first director of the Observatory, and moving force in its establishment, was Ormsby MacKnight Mitchell. 1584

GREEN, GEORGE; JOHN T. LLOYD. Kelvin's instruments and the Kelvin Museum. 60 pp., 20 plts., illus. Glasgow: Univ. Glasgow, 1970. 20s. 1585

HABER, CHARLOTTE. Mein Leben mit Fritz Haber. Spiegelungen d. Vergangenheit. 293 pp. Dusseldorf: Econ, 1970. DM 25. 1586

HALL, TORD. Carl Friedrich Gauss, a biography. Trans. by Albert Froderberg. 175 pp., bibl. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $7.95. 1587

HAWTHORNE, ROBERT M., JR. Avogadro's number: Early values by [Josef] Loschmidt and others. J. Chem. Educ., 1970, 47:751-755. 1588

HEIMANN, P. M. Maxwell and the modes of consistent representation. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., 1970, 6: 171-213. "The concepts which lie at the foundation of his electrical thought were derived from Faraday, and his use of these concepts determined the structure of his theories of electricity. This paper is an attempt to follow the process by which Maxwell adopted concepts from Faraday, and the manner in which these concepts were subsequently transformed by Maxwell." 1589

HENDERSON, G. P. Benjamin Lesvios [1762-1824]: The confrontation of nature. Pp. 117-126 in his The revival of Greek thought, 1620-1830. Albany: State Univ. New York Pr., 1970. 1590

HERNECK, FRIEDRICH. Emil Fischer als Mensch und Forscher. Z. Chem., 1970, 10:41-48. 1591

HERNECK, FRIEDRICH. Lenins Werk und die Chemie. Z. Chem., 1970,10:121-124. 1592




HIEBERT, ERWIN N. Mach's philosophical use of the history of science. Pp. 184-203 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "This paper attempts to show how Mach used the history of science to illuminate (clarify, expose, and analyze) scientifc puzzles that he encountered in his work as a professional pphysicist. Mach's epistemological studies of the physiology and psychology of sensations, his principle of economy of thought, his monism of method, and his radical and empirical skepticism all contributed to the formulation of a theory of cognition. Antimetaphysical in tone, Mach claimed that his scientific epistemology was bome out empirically by the study of the history of science, when, in fact, it rested upon certain presuppositions devoid of empirical content. Nonetheless, Mach exerted a great influence upon several generations of natural scientists and philosophers of science-and primarily on the basis of his provocative, critical, and perceptive historical analyses." From the summary. 1593

HILGETAG, GUNTER; HEINZ PAUL. Zur wissenschaftlichen Leistung Emil Fischers. Z. Chem., 1970, 10:281-289. 1594

HOLTON, GERALD. The metaphor of space-time events in science. Eranos-Jahrb., 1965 (pub. 1967), 34:33-78. ".:.the two great problems which the space-time notion now raises for us are these: First, what were the inteilectual sources from which the original Einstein-Minkowski view sprang? And second: What were its inadequacies which Einstein mastered by a further metamorphosis, a deeper understanding of the tension between the demands of sensory experience and of rational construction?" The central section of this paper is devoted to the influences on Einstein's early work in relativity theory particularly that of August F6ppl. 1595

JAKI, STANLEY L. New light on Olbers' dependence on Cheseaux.J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:53-55. In 1823 Wilhelm Olbers published an essay discussing the darkness of the night sky. His ideas bore a similarity to those published by Jean-Philippe Loys de Cheseaux in 1744. The author discusses and disarees with the claim that Olbers wrote with an eye on Cheseaux's essay. 1596

JOB, GEORG. Der Zwiespalt zwischen Theorie und Anschauung in der heutigen Warmelehre und seine geschichtlichen Ursachen. Sudhoffs Arch., 1969, 53:378-396. Particularly concerned with Rudolf Clausius. Attention also given to Sadi Carnot and James Clerk Maxwell. 1597

KANGRO, HANS. Ultrarotstrahlung bis zur grenze elektrisch Erzeugter wellen: Das Lebenswerk von Heinrich Rubens. Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:23 5 -25 9. 1598

KANGRO, HANS. Vorgeschichtes des Planckschen Strahlungsgesetzes. Messungen und Theorien der spektralen Energieverteilung bis zur Begriundung der Quantenhypothese. (Boethius, 11.) xv + 271 pp., bibl., index. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. DM 84. 1599

KAPOOR, SATISH C. The origins of [August] Laurent's organic classification. Isis, 1969, 60:477-527. "This paper attempts to study the background of Laurent's main contribution-the classification of organic compounds.. The purpose is to show that whenever a scientific theory appears to mark a radically new departure in the history of a scientific discipline, this should not be accepted as prima facie evidence for a revolution or for a basic discontinuity ... The paper is divided into two parts: the first deals with those predecessors who influenced Laurent's work on classification [R. J. Haiuy, A. E. Baudrimont, J. B. Dumas], while the second is an analysis of the main ideas and the development of Laurent's classification schemes in organic chemistry." 1600

KILMISTER, CLIVE W. Special theory of relativity. (Commonwealth and international library. Selected readings in physics.) ix + 299 pp., illus. New York: Pergamon, 1970. Kilmister's 86-page historical introduction is followed by reprints and translations of basic papers of A.A. Michelson, J. Larmor, H. A. Lorentz, H. Poincar6, A. Einstein, M. Wilson and H. A. Wilson, P. Zeeman, P. A. M. Dirac, C. D. Anderson, and E. Wigner. A significant omission is "The ether and the earth's atmosphere," Science, 1889, 13:390, by G. F. Fitzgerald. S. G. BRUSH 1601

KLARE, GERHARD. Ein Jahrhundert wechselvoller Geschichte der Mannheimer Sternwarte, 1783-1883. Sterne Weltraum, 1970, 9:148-150. 1602

KLECHKOVSKII, V. M. K teorii periodicheskoi sistemy elementov D. I. Mendeleeva. (On the theory of the Mendeleev periodic system of chemical elements.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,29:3-16. Lead article in a special issue devoted to Mendeleev. The other articles include: G. N. Flerov, N. I. Tarantin: Tran- suranovye elementy i periodicheskaia sistema Mendeleeva. (Transuranic elements and the Mendeleev periodic system.) M. N. Haisinski: 0 sed'mom periode sistemy khimicheskikh elementov Mendeleeva. (On the seventh period of the Mendeleev periodic system.) Erich Thilo: 0 razvitii periodicheskogo zakona. (On the evolution of the periodic law.) G. B. Kauffman: Predshestvenniki i posledovateli Mendeleeva v SSHA. (Forerunners and successors of Mendeleev in the USA.) S. A. Shchukarev: Khimicheskoe mirovozzrenie Mendeleeva i "osnovy khimii". (The chemical views of Mendeleev and the "foundations of chemistry".) B. M. Kedrov: Mendeleevskie formy sistemy elementov v gody otkrytiia i razrabotki periodicheskogo zakona, 1869-1871. (Mendeleev's forms of the system of chemical elements during the discovery and development of the periodic law.) N. A. Figurovskii: Domendeleevskie klassifikatsii khimicheskikh elementov. (Classifications of chemical elements before Mendeleev.) A. A. Makarenia: Vklad Lotara Meiera v razrabotku periodicheskogo zakona Mendeleeva. (Lothar Meyer's contribution to the development of Mendeleev's periodic law.) D. N. Trifonov: K istorii voprosa ob analiticheskom byrazhenii periodicheskogo zakona. (On the history of the problem of analytical expression of the periodic law.) Razvitie periodicheskogo zakona i sistemy elementov. Xhronologiia vazhneishikh sobytii, 1869-1969. (Development of the periodic law and system of chemical elements. Chronology of main events.) E. Rutherford: Periodicheskii zakon i ego interpretatsiia. (The periodic law and its interpretation. ) S. I. Vavilov: Fizika v nauchnom tvorchestve Mendeleeva. (Physics in the scientific work of Mendeleev.) B. M. Kedrov: I istorii vzaimootnoshenii Mendeleeva s zarybezhnymi khimikami. (On the history of





the relations between Mendeleev and foreign chemists.) G. B. Kauffman: Perepiska Mendeleeva s khimikami SSHA. (Mendeleev's correspondence with American chemists.) A. A. Makarenia: Nauchnye kontakty Mendeleeva s zarubezhnymi khimikami. (Scientific contacts of Mendeleev with foreign chemists.) G. V. Bykos, A. A. Makarenia: Mendeleev i Avgust Kekule. (Mendeleev and August Kekul6.) V. A . Krotikov: Dve oshibki v pervykh publikatsiiakh o periodicheskom zakone Mendeleeva. (Two errors in the first publications on the Mendeleev periodic law.) Iu. S. Musabekov: Mendeleev i Konstantinovskii zavod v Iaroslavle. (Mendeleev and the Konstantinov plant in Yaroslavl.) S. V. Altschuler: Mendeleevskie sbezdy. (Mendeleev congresses.) V. A. Volkov: Novye dokumenty o literaturnom nasledstve Mendeleeva i o ego sem'e. (New documents on the literary heritage of Mendeleev and on his family.) 1603

KLEIN, MARTIN J. Maxwell, his demon, and the second law of thermodynamics. Am Scient., 1970,58:84-97. Maxwell challenged the "universal, invariable validity of the second law. His challenge took the strange form of what we now call Maxwell's demon, an argument of the 'quaintest character' indeed". 1604

KLIMASZEWSKY, GUNTER. Lenins philosophisches Erbe und die Entwicklung der modernen Physik. Einheit, 1970,25:308-318. 1605

KOLANKOWSKI, ZYGMUNT. Dymitr Mendelejew a Akademia Umiejetnosci w Krakowie. (Mendeleev in the Academy of Learning in Cracow.) Kwart. Hist. Nauiki Tech., 1970,15:109-117. Mendeleev was chosen foreign member of the Academy in 1891. The correspondence concerning his election is reproduced. 1606

KOLOKOL'TSOVA, I. G.; ALEKSANDR A. MAKARENIA. V. A. Gemilian. Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:66-67. 1607

KOTLAN, FRANZ. Der Optiker Simon Plossl. Schr. Ver. Verbreit. Naturw. Kennt. Wien, 1969, 109:1-24. 1608

KRATZ, OTTO. Funf Briefe A. M. Butlerow an E. Erlenmeyer (von 1870 bis 1876). Physis, 1969, 11:305-310. 1609

LARDER, DAVID F. Prout's hypothesis: A reconsideration. Centaurus, 1970,15:44-50. 1610

LAURIE, P. S. The Society and the year of revolutions. Q. J. R. Astr. Soc., 1970, 11:120-125. Relations with Heinrich Christian Schumacher in 1848. 1611

LEVERE, TREVOR H. Affinity or structure: An early problem in organic chemistry. Ambix, 1970,17:111-126. Concentrates on the contributions to organic chemistry of J. B. Dumas and, especially, Auguste Laurent. Attention is also given to Berzelius and Charles Gerhardt. 1612

LINDSAY, ROBERT BRUCE. Men of physics: Lord Rayleigh-the man and his work. (Commonwealth and international library. Selected readings in physics.) viii + 251 pp., bibl., index. Oxford: Pergamon, 1970. 45s. Includes a bibliography of Rayleigh, a biographical sketch, and selections from his works. 1613

MASON, E. A. Thomas Graham and the kinetic theory of gases. Philosophical J., 1970, 7:99-115. "A founder of kinetic theory, the theory which helped make the whole atomic-molecular idea acceptable, [Thomas Graham, d. 18691 has some claim to being regarded as one of the great figures of modern science . . . Seen in retrospect, Graham's work on gases, as interpretated later by Maxwell and other theoreticians, should really have formed the solid experimental basis of kinetic theory."

1614

MAUER, ANDREAS. Die astronomischen Teleskope William Herschels. Orion, 1970,28:5-8. 1615

MEADOWS, ARTHUR J. Early solar physics. (Commonwealth and international library. Selected readings in physics.) viii + 312 pp., illus., bibl. Oxford: Pergamon, 1970. 35s. A survey of ideas about the sun in the second half of the 19th century, with reprints and translations of papers by Schwabe, Helmholtz, Kirchhoff, Lockyer, Vogel, Young, Janssen, Carrington, Hodgson, Wilson, Frankland, Langley, Campbell, Hale, Evershed, Lane, and Schwarzchild. 1616

MEADOWS, ARTHUR J. Lockyer as astronomer. Nature, 1970,225:230-232. 1617

MILLER, JOHN D. Henry Augustus Rowland and his electromagnetic researches. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5391-A. Dissertation at Oregon State Univ., 1970. Major Professor: R. J. Morris. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-9899. 443 pp. $5.65. "This analysis concerms the life and scientific work of Henry Augustus Rowland (1848-1901), organizer and the first chairman of the physics department at the Johns Hopkins University in 1876." 1618

MULLER, KARL. Moritz Traube (1826-1894) und seine Theorie der Fermente. (Zurcher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, 75.) 26 pp., bibl. Zurich: Juris, 1970. Sfr 6. 1619

MWRSEPP, PEETER. Kak V. Ia. Struve "stal" K. F. Gaussom. (How V. I. Struve "became" K. F. Gauss.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:56. 1620




MUSABEKOV, IUSUF S.; L. A. SHMULEVICH. Akademik F. K. Beil'shtein i ego vklad v khimiiu. (Academician F. K. Beilstein (1838-1906) and his contribution to chemistry.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:61-66. 1621

NOVOKSHANOVA-SOKOLOVSKAIA, Z. K. Raboty F. F. Shuberta v oblasti prakticheskoi astronomii, geodezii, i kartografii. (F. F. Shubert's work in practical astronomy, geodesy, and cartography.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:57-61. 1622

NUMBERS, RONALD L. The nebular hypothesis in American thought. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4380-A. Dissertation at Univ. of California, Berkeley, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6182. 262 pp. $3.40. "The nebular hypothesis ... did more to prepare the way for Darwinism than familiarize educated Americans with the ideas of evolution and the antiquity of the earth: it helped to mold a theology congenial in many ways to the views advanced by Darwin." 1623

OBENDORF, DONALD L. Samuel P. Langley: Solar scientist, 1867-1891. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4921-A. Dissertation at Univ. of California, Berkeley, 1969. Ulniv. Microfilms order no. 70-6183. 261 pp. $3.40. "This is a study of Samuel Pierpont Langley (1834-1906) during the years from 1867-1891 when he was Director of the Allegheny Observatory." 1624

PASTEUR, LOUIS. Studies on fermentation. The diseases of beer, their causes, and the means of preventing them. A translation . . . with notes, index, and original illustrations, by Frank Faulkner and D. Constable Robb. xvi + 418 pp., illus., index. New York: Krause Reprint, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the London 1879 edition. 1625

PATTERSON, ELIZABETH C. John Dalton and the atomic theory: The biography of a natural philosopher. x + 348 pp., illus., bibl. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970. $6.95; $1.95 (paper). 1626

PERETS, IOSIF. Aleksandr Stoletov (1839-1896). 111 pp., ports., illus. Sofia: Nar. Prosv., 1969. 1627

PIERSON, STUART 0. Gay-Lussac and chemical theory principally to 1808. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3405-A. Dissertation at Yale Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2788. 255 pp. $3.30. "The author has attempted to show that almost from the beginning of Gay-Lussac's work there was a tension in his thinking between the influence of Berthollet's 'chemical statics' and the counter-tendencies of the day represented by the tradition of Bergman, Richter, Proust and Dalton." 1628

PLANCK, MAX. Die Entdeckung des Wirkungs- quantum. (Dokumente der Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Physik, 11.) 70 pp. Munich: Battenberg, 1969. DM 16.80. A facsimile reprint of Planck's "Ueber irreversible Strahlungs- vorgtnge", preceded by an essay, "Das Suchen nach dem Absoluten, eine wissenschaftshistorische Einfiihrung", by Armin Hermann. 1629

PLANCK, MAX. Die Quantenhypothese. (Dokumente der Naturwissenschaft, Abteilung Physik, 12.) 61 pp. Munich: Battenberg, 1969. DM 14.80. Facsimile reprints of various papers by Planck, preceded by an essay, "Die Geburt der Quantentheorie, eine wissenschaft- historische Einfahrung", by Armin Hermann. 1630

RAMAN, V. V. Evolution of the second law of thermodynamics. J. Chem. Educ., 1970, 47:331-337. "It is generally accepted by most modem historians of science that the social, cultural, and philosophic climate of any period creates the thinkers and theories of the time. While there is considerable truth in this contention it often tends to underestimate the role of the individual. A case in point is Sadi Carnot and his contribution to the Second Law of Thermodynamics.' 1631

REZNECK, SAMUEL. The European education of an American chemist and its influence in 19th century America: Eben Norton Horsford. Technology Cult., 1970, 11 :366-388. "Eben Norton Horsford . . . spent the years between 1844 and 1846 at the University of Giessen engaged in chemical research under Justus Liebig. He was only the second of Liebig's American students, who comprised an important band of men through whom the knowledge and expertness of this great German chemist were transferred to America." 1632

RIGHINI, GUGLIELMO. Storia e vicende degli obbiettivi astronomici di G. B. Amici. Physis, 1969,11:469-492. 1633

RONCHI, VASCO. Giovan Battista Amici's contribution to the advances of optical microscopy. Physis, 1969, 11:520-533. 1634

ROSCOE, HENRY E.; ARTHUR HARDEN. A new view of the origin of Dalton's atomic theory. With a new intro. by Arnold Thackray. (Sources of science, 100.) xxv + ix + 191 pp., illus., port. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1970. $9. Reprint of the 1896 edition. 1635

RUMFORD, BENJAMIN THOMPSON. Collected works, ed. by Sanborn C. Brown. Vol. 4: Light and armament. vii + 503 pp., illus., bibl., index. Harvard: Belknap Pr. of Harvard Univ., 1970. $10. 1636

RUSKE, WALTER. August Wohler, 1819-1914. Zur 150.Wiederkehr seines Geburtstages. Materialprufung, 1969, 11:181-188. 1637




SAKADE, YOSHINOBU. Chemical descriptions appearing in the "Liu he t'sung t'an". (In Japanese.) KagakusiKenkyu, 1970,9:38-39. Chemical descriptions in this monthly magazine, published in Shanghai, 1857-1858, by Alexander Wylie, contain probably the earliest translation of English chemical words into Chinese. 1638

SAKAGUCHI, MASAO. On the chemical nomenclature in the Seimi-Kaiso [of Udagawa Yoan]. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1968, 7:10-2 1. This work (1837) introduced a new system of nomenclature into Japanese chemistry. 1639

SAKAGUCHI, MASAO. On the concept of chemical affinity in Seimi-Kaiso. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967,6:124-132. Dutch sources of influence on Udagawa Yoan's Seimi-Kaiso (1837). 1640

SAKAGUCHI, MASAO. On the pharmaceutical reference books used by the author [Udagawa Y6an] of the Seimi-Kaisb. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1968, 7:49-56. The sources for this chemical work were chiefly Dutch versions of works by J. B. Trommsdorff, Karl Gottfried Hagen, H. J. van Houte, and J. A. van Water. 1641

SAKAGUCHI, MASAO. Notes on the French translation of William Henry's Epitome of chemistry. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:139-150. 1642

SCHAFFNER, KENNETH F. Outlines of a logic of comparative theory evaluation with special attention to pre- and post-relativistic electrodynamics. Pp. 311-373 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. ' . . . a specific case of theory competition in the history of

science, viz., the dispute in the sector of the electrodynamics of moving bodies between Lorentz's 'absolute' theory and Einstein's special theory of relativity [is discussed]. It is concluded that in 1905 Lorentz's theory ranked higher in theoretical context sufficiency, Einstein's higher in relative simplicity, and that each theory accounted satisfactorily for the relevant experiments. In several years' time, however, changes in the experimental situation and in the theoretical context began to favor Einstein's theory." From the summary. 1643

SCHULZ-DUBOIS, E. 0. Foucault pendulum experiment by Kamerlingh Onnes and degenerate perturbation theory. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:173-188. "This paper pays homage to H. Kamerlingh Onnes by pointing out that he constructed the first properly function- ing model of the Foucault pendulum [described in his 1879 Groningen dissertation entitled Nieuwe bewijyen voor de oswenteling der aarde. l" 1644

SHUGAILIN, ALEKSANDR V. V. I. Lenin i filosofskie voprosy reliativistkoi mekhaniki. (Lenin and philosophical problems of relativistic mechanics.) 240 pp. Kiev: Izd. Kievskogo Un-ta, 1969. 1645

SIEDLEROVA, IRENA. Machuv mechanik. (The mechanics of Mach.) DIjiny Vxd Tech., 1970, 3: 108-112. 1646

SIEGFRIED, ROBERT. The mind of Humphry Davy. Proc. R. Instn Gt. Br., 1970,43:1-21. 1647

SNELDERS, H. A. M. Romanticism and Natur- philosophie and the inorganic natural sciences, 1797-1840: An introductory survey. Stud. Romant., 1970, 9:193-215. By 1840 Naturphilosophie -in Germany was waning, but it had worked fruitfully in the development of inorganic sciences, as indicated by H. C. Oersted's discovery (in 1820) of the connection between electrical and magnetical phenomena. 1648

SPENCER, J. BROOKES. On the varieties of 19th-century magneto-optical discovery. Isis, 1970, 61 :34-5 1. "The primary concern of this paper. . . will be the magneto- optical discoveries themselves and not the refinements and ramifications which could be shown to devolve therefrom. An extraordinary diversity is exhibited by these discoveries,. and it is suggested that they illustrate the following four categories: (1) bare anticipation, in which an investigator, proceeding in a more or less theoretical manner, discusses or seeks an effect which is later producible but which remains for him undetected; (2) false discovery, meaning observation of an 'effect' which in this instance is due to a systematic error but which is subsequently seen under valid experimental circumstances; (3) qualified discovery, in which a valid, novel observation of an effect is taken in a theoretical context such that it is either essentially explained away or not explained at all, usually because it is taken as an instance of phenomena already understood; (4) pregnant discovery, in which a valid, novel observation is elaborated within a theoretical context such that novel implications of the effect are the issue." The work of Michael Faraday and Pieter Zeeman, in particular, are analyzed. 1649

SPRONSEN, JOHANNES W. VAN. Hundert Jahre Periodensystem der chemischen Elemente. NTM, 1969, 6(1):13-42. Discusses the work of Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer, their predecessors and followers. 1650

STUDIA poswiecone Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie i Marianowi Smoluchowskiemu. (Zaklad Historii Nauki i Techniki Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Monografie z dziej6w nauki i techniki, 51.) 165 pp., ports. Wroclaw: Ossoliniskich, 1968. Contents: A. Teske: Szkic dzialalnosci M. Sklodowskiej-Curie. Szkic tw6rczogci M. Smoluchowskiego. W. A. Smeaton: Teorie pierwiastk6w chemicznych od Roberta Boyle do Marii Curie. M. A. Tonnelat: Experimentum crucis. 0. Starosielska-Nikitina, H. Starosielska: Rola M. Sklodowskiej-Curie w rozwoju fizyki jadrowej. I. Stronski: Szkic historyczny polskich badan z zakresu nukleoniki w latach 1896-1939/45. B. Sredniawa: Szkic historii fizyki polskiej w okresie miedzywojennym 1918-1939. A. T. Grigorian: 0 rozwoju zasad wariacyjnych mechaniki.

1651



118 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Physical Sciences, Earth Sciences

STUEWER, ROGER H. Non-Einsteinian interpretations of the photoelectric effect. Pp. 246-263 in Roger H. Stuewer (ed.) Historical and philosophical perspectives of science. Minneapolis: Univ. Minnesota Pr., 1970. "As an illustration of the interplay between theory and experiment that takes place in a period of transition between creation and acceptance of a scientific hypothesis, this paper examines in some detail the origin of Einstein's light quantun hypothesis, its application to the photoelectric effect, and the origin, nature, and validity of a number of alternate classical interpretations of the photoelectric effect proposed between 1910 and 1913 by H. A. Lorentz, J. J. Thomson, Arnold Sommerfeld. and 0. W. Richardson. All these physicists believed that finding a classical interpretation of the photoelectric effect was tantamount to casting very serious doubt on the validity of Einstein's light quantum hypothesis. Actually, however, this is not the case, because, as Einstein proved, his light quantum hypothesis is a necessary consequence of the validity of Planck's law. Present knowledge indicates that a non-photon interpretation of the photoelectric effect is indeed possible, but, in common with the earlier alternate interpretations, this does not affect the validity of Einstein's light quantum hypothesis." From the summary. 1652

SWENSON, LOYD S., JR. The Michelson-Morley- Miller experiments before and after 1905. J. Hist. Astron., 1970, 1:56-78. "Special relativity theory is often asserted to have grown out of the difficulties of interpreting the 'negative' results of the Michelson-Morley aether-drift experiment of 1887. This assertion is more than half true as a generalization about the sociology of physics and more than half false in the individual case of Albert Einstein's famous paper of 1905, 'On the electrodynamics of moving bodies'." 1653

TANAKA, MINORU. The origin of Chinese characters for the chemical element Silicone, used in Japan and China, and their relation to Japano-Citinese scientific-cultural interchange. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:11-17. 1654

TATSUKAWA, SHOJI. On kikozui: An aspect of the history of mechanics in pre-Meiji Japan. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967, 6:113-124. 1655

THIELE, JOACHIM. Karl Pearson, Ernst Mach, John B. Stallo: Briefe aus den Jahren 1897 bis 1904. Isis, 1969, 60:535-542. 1656

UCHIDA, EIJI. Scientific contributions of T. C. Mendenhall in Japan. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967, 6:133-136. 1657

UNSOLD, A. H. Hertz, Prinzipien der Mechanik. Phys. Bl., 1970,26:337-342. 1658

WELLS, GEORGE A. Goethe's scientific method and aims in the light of his studies in physical optics. Pub. English Goethe Soc., Papers, 1968, 38:69-113. 1659

WHITROW, GERALD J. Some prominent personalities and events in the early history of the Royal Astronomical Society. Q. J. R. Astr. Soc., 1970, 11:89-104. Francis Baily, Henry Colebrooke, William Pearson, and John Herschel.

1660

WHYTE, LANCELOT LAW. Pierre Curie's principle of one-way process. Studium Generale, 1970, 23:525-532. "Curie formulated the principle that an asymmetry in causes can vanish in symmetrical effects. This has been discussed by [F.] Enriques [ 1909], [A.] Sellerio [ 1929] [P.] Renaud [1935,1937,1939,1951], and the author, and is important for the role of time in physics. Standard methods in physical theory use symmetrical relations; an altemative would use asymmetrical relations and Curie's principle applied to relaxing structures. This is illustrated by the properties of a skew (deformed) tetrahedron relaxing towards the regular form. Physical theory would benefit from the identification of a 3D geometrical model of electromagnetism using Curie's principle."

1661

WISE, C. Report on the utilization of an original Sir William Herschel 7-foot reflector. J. Br. Astr. Ass., 1970,80:218-219. 1662

ZAPFFE, CARL A. Gustavus Hinrichs, precursor of Mendeleev. Isis, 1969,60:461476.

.... parts of Hinrich's contributions are genuinely perceptive ... and he clearly belongs to the history of element classification as one of the more significant precursors of that great technical revolution born in March 1869 when Mendeleev published his paper. Taken together, all these works should impress the historian that discovery is basically evolutionary and only secondarily an individual thing."

1663

d. Earth sciences (geology and geophysics; geography, cartography, and geodesy; oceanography; travel, exploration, and navigation; paleontology; mineralogy and crystallography; meteorology)

ALEKSEEV, ALEKSANDR I. Fedor Petrovich Litke. 279 pp., illus., bibl. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 1664

BALMER, HEINZ. Jean de Charpentiers Briefe in Basel und Bern. Verh. Schwiez. Naturforsch. Ges., 1968:135-137. 1665

BARAN, JAN; ZOLTAN SCHMIDT; JAN JANCZY. F. S. Beudant a geologie Zapadnych Karpat. (F. S. Beudant and the geology of the West Carpathians.) Dejiny Ved Tech., 1969, 2:151-167. Concerning the geological expedition of Francois Sulpice Beudant into the Carpathian Mountains in 1818, and his work Voyage min6ralogique et g6ologique en Hongrie (Paris, 1822)

1666



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Earth Sciences 119

BRAY, MARTHA COLEMAN. Joseph Nicholas Nicollet, geographer. Pp. 29-42 in John Francis McDermott (ed.) Frenchmen and French ways in the Mississippi Valley. Urbana: Univ. Illinois Pr., 1969. 1667

BRAY, MARTHA COLEMAN. Joseph Nicolas Nicollet, geologist. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:37-59. A description of Nicollet's extensive geological expeditions throughout the Upper Mississippi Valley, 1832-1843. 1668

BRAY, MARTHA COLEMAN. Joseph N. Nicollet: Parisian in Washington. Smithson. J. Hist., 1968.69, 3(4):45-62. A French cartographer and astronomer, Joseph Nicolas Nicollet (d. 1843) made important maps of the Upper Mississippi valley using astronomical as well as cartographical techniques. 1669

CHALLINOR, JOHN. The progress of British geology during the early part of the 19th century. Ann. Sci., 1970,26:177-234. "A survey of the early literature, up to the end of the 18th century, dealing with the geology of Britain was published in volumes 9 and 10 of the Annals of Science, 1953 and 1954. The present article continues this survey for the very important period of the next twenty years." 1670

CHITNIS, ANAND C. The University of Edinburgh's Natural History Museum and the Huttonian- Wernerian debate. Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:85-94. "The story of the museum's part in the debate illustrates a fascinating prelude to the Victorian erosion of providentialism and to the triumph of scientific research over conservatism of mind." The main figure is Robert Jameson (1774-1854) Professor and Keeper of Edinburgh's Museum. 1671

CLOSE, CHARLES. The early years of the Ordnance Survey. A reprint with a new intro. by J. B. Harley and with an index added. xxxv + 164 pp., maps. New York: Kelly; Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1969. 1672

DICKINSON, GORDON C. The evolution of a national map series: The Ordnance Survey map of Britain. Pp. 77-98 in his Maps and air photographs. London: Arnold, 1969. 1673

FRIIS, HERMAN R. The David Dale Owen map of southwestern Wisconsin. Prologue: J. Nat. Arch., 1969, 1:8-28. 1674

GADE, DANIEL W. The contributions of 0. F. Cook to cultural geography. Prof Geogr., 1970, 22:206-209. 1675

GALE, JOHN. The Missouri expedition, 1818-1820: The journal of surgeon John Gale, with related documents. Ed. and with an intro. by Roger L. Nichols. (American exploration and travel series, 56.) xxvii + 145 pp., maps. Norman, Okla.: Univ. Oklahoma Pr., 1969. 1676

HERNECK, FRIEDRICH. Alexander von Humboldt und seine Verdienste um die Wissenschaft von der Erde. Geologie, 1970, 19:625-636. 1677

HODGKISS, A. G. The Ordnance Survey one inch to one mile map-An outline history, with special reference to the early editions. Bull. Soc. Univ. Cartogr., 1969,4:19-34. 1678

HORN, WERNER. Das kartographische Gesamtwerk Adolf Stielers. Petermanns Geogr. Mitt., 1967, 3:312-326. 1679

HUMBOLDT, ALEXANDER VON. Relation historique du voyage aux regions equinoxiales du nouveau continent fait en 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, et 1804 par Al. de Humboldt et A. Bonpland. (Quellen und Forschungen zur Geschichte der Geographie und der Reisen, 8.) 2 vols. Stuttgart: Brockhaus, 1970. DM 65. Reprint of the 1814-1819 edition. 1680

JONES, A. G. E. Lieutenant T. E. L. Moore, R.N., and the voyage of the Pagoda, 1845. Mariner's Mirror, 1970,56:3340. Discussion of the voyage of the Pagoda commanded by T. E. L. Moore in 1845, which set out to make geographical, meteorological and magnetic observations in high southern latitudes of the eastern ocean. Apart from a brief account in Nautical Magazine in January 1846, "there was no offical account of the voyage. It deserved greater fame, as it was the only instance of a single ship being employed on such a service, with perilous navigation over a tract of ocean almost entirely unexplored". 1681

KRYNSKI, STANIStAW. Z dziej6w triangulacji na ziemiach Polski. Triangulacja Pruska 1832-1913. (From the history of the triangulation of the Polish territories. The Prussian triangulation, 1832-1914.) Studia Mater. Dziej. Nauki Pol., Ser. C, 1970, 14:3-82. 1682

LEWTHWAITE, GORDON R. Maury to Schoolcraft: Correspondence on ocean currents and pacific migrations.Prof Geogr., 1970,22:128-131. 1683

LYELL, CHARLES. Principles of geology. An attempt to explain the former changes of the earth's surface, by reference to causes now in operation. With an intro. by Martin J. S. Rudwick. (Historia naturalis classica, 83.) 3 vols., illus. Lehre: Cramer; Codicote: Wheldon and Wesley; New York: Stechert-Hafner, 1970. DM 260. Facsimile reprint of the London 1830-1833 edition. 1684



120 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Earth Sciences

LYON, JOHN. The search for fossil man: Cinq personnages a la recherche du temps perdu. Isis, 1970,61:68-84. "This essay is concerned with the critical work of several gifted geologists in the first forty years of the 19th century century ... They had, unavoidably, begun their labor under the influence of that set of directions for puzzle resolution the cardinal point of which had been classically put by Cuvier: the human race had not co-existed with extinct species." The geologists are: Franqois-Ren6-Benet Vatar, Sieur de Jouannet; John McEnery; Paul Tournal; Marcel de Serres; and Jules de Christol. 1685

.MILTON, DANIEL J. Astrogeology in the 19th century. Geotimes, 1969, 14(6):22. Brief article discussing the origin of the term "astrogeology" in the work of V. V. Lesevich and Stanilas Meunier. 1686

NAUMOV, G. V. Olekminsko-Vitimskaiia ekspeditsiia P. A. Kropotkina. (The Olekminsk- Vitimsk expedition of P. A. Kropotkin.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970,31:87-90. During the 1866 expedition, Kropotkin collected much material on glaciation, which served as the basis for his theory of glaciers. 1687

NICOLLET, JOSEPH N. The journals of Joseph N. Nicollet. A scientist on the Mississippi headwaters, with notes on Indian life, 1836-1837. Trans. from the French by Andre Fertey; ed. by Martha Coleman Bray. xii + 288 pp., illus., index. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society, 1970. $16.50. 1688

POWELL, J. M. The Victorian survey system, 1837-1860. New Zealand Geogr., 1970,26:50-69. 1689

RABBITT, MARY C. John Wesley Powell, his life and times. Geotimes, 1969, 14(5):10-11. Lead article in a special issue devoted to Powell. The other articles include: William C. Darrah: His Westem explorations. Chas. B. Hunt: His influence on geology. Ellis L. Yochelson: The monuments. Gordon Y. Graig and Mary C. Rabbitt: Sir Archibald Geikie: Letters from American geologists. 1690

RADKEVICH, EKATERINA A. Dmitrii Ivanovich Sokolov, 1788-1852. 102 pp., bibl. Moscow: Nauka, 1969. 1691

RADO, SANDOR. Lenin und die Geographie. Petermanns Geogr. Mitt., 1970,114:1-13. 1692

RISTOW, WALTER W. U.S. fire insurance maps, 1852-1968. Surp. Mapp., 1970,30:19-41. 1693

RUDWICK, MARTIN J. S. The glacial theory. Hist. Sci. 1969,8:136-157. Essay review of Louis Agassiz, Studies on glaciers, preceded by the Discourse of Neuchatel. Trans. and ed. Albert V. Carozzi (New York, 1967). 1694

RUDWICK, MARTIN J. S. The strategy of Lyell's Principles of geology. Isis, 1970, 61:5-33. "This article simply attempts to analyze the structure of the first edition of the Principles in order to discover whether it can provide a more comprehensive key to the nature of Lyei's view of geological science. It may then be possible both to evaluate the criticisms made against it and to trace the significance of the modifications that Lyell introduced in successive later editions. This task presupposes, of course, that Lyell's work has a definable structure . . . Indeed, it is the contention of this article that the structure of the Principles is so carefully designed, both in outline and detail, in the service of a sustained persuasive argument that it fully deserves the term 'strategy'." 1695

SARJEANT, WILLIAM ANTONY SWITHIN. Xanthidia, Palinospheres and 'Hystrix': A review of the study of fossil unicellular microplankton with organic cell walls. Microscopy, 1970, 31:221-253. "A brief biography of the German microscopist, Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, is given. Microfossils he discovered in flints and cherts comprised two groups: dinoflagellates and spiny bodies, originally termed 'xanthida' and later called 'hystrichospheres' or 'hystrix'. An account is given of early studies of these fossils in England: the significance of the interpretative work by Gideon Algernon Mantell is especially noted. The story of the discovery of a third group of microfossils, spherical in shape and with densely porate walls, is also recounted: these were originally thought to be plant spores and later, along with the spiny bodies, termed 'palinospheres'." From the summary. 1696

SCHNEER, CECIL J. Ebenezer Emmons and the foundations of American geology. Isis, 1969, 60:439450. By replacing the mineralogical nomenclature of Amos Eaton (1776-1842) with a terminology based on type locality, Emmons (1799-1863) transformed American geology. 1697

TRINDELL, ROGER T. Franz Boas and American geography. Prof. Geogr., 1969,21:328-332. 1698

TROLL, CARL. Fritz Jaeger, ein Forscherleben. Mit einem Verzeichnis der wissenschaftlichen Veroffent- lichungen von Fritz Jaeger zusammengestellt von Friedrich Linnenberg. (Erlanger Geographischen Arbeiten, 24.) 46 pp., port., bibl. Erlangen: Frankischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 1969. DM 5. 1699

TSVETKOV, M. A. Cartographic results of the general survey of Russia, 1766-1861. (Translated by J. R. Gibson.) Can. Cartographer, 1969, 6:1-14. 1700

WARTNABY, JOHN. The early scientific work of John Milne. Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci, 1969, 8:77-124. "John Milne is best-known as one of the leading seismologists of the 19th century. His work in this field began in 1880 and continued to his death in 1913. His contributions to seismology and his place in the history of this subject will be discussed in a further work, now nearing completion. It is the purpose of the present work to draw attention to Milne's little-known earlier work accomplished between the years 1874 and 1886. It covers a wide field including mining geology, glaciology, mineralogy, crystallography, volcanology, archaeology and natural history.'

1701



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Earth Sciences, Biological Sciences 121

WILLIAMS, D. CLEMENTS. Robert Markham and the geographical department of the India Office, 1867-77. Geogrl J., 1968, 134:343-352. 1702

WINNIK, HERBERT C. Science and morality in Thomas C. Chamberlin. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:441456. The author argues that Chamberlin (b. 1843), a geologist, educator, and first scientist since Pierre Laplace to propose a new theory of the earth's origin, was influenced in his social and scientific interests and judgments by his moral and religious beliefs. 1703


ACHARD, THOMAS. Der Physiologe Friedrich Bidder, 1810-1894. (Zurcher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, 69.) 56 pp., bibl. Zurich: Juris, 1969. Sfr 8. 1704

ACKERKNECHT, ERWIN H. Cellular theory and therapeutics. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:1-5. "The cellular theory ruled supreme since the 1840's for more than one hundred years in biology and medicine. It seems therefore legitimate to inquire what impact it had on therapeutics ... [Of particular interest are] three promoters of the cellular theory, who were medical men not only in name, but also in fact, and who were therapeutically active for long periods of their careers: Rudolf Virchow (1821- 1902), Robert Remak (1815-1865) and Herman Lebert (1813-1878). 1705

APPLEMAN, PHILIP (ed.) Darwin. A Norton critical edition. xiv + 674 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Norton, 1970. $8.95. An anthology of texts by Darwin, contemporary opinions, and critical essays. 1706

ARNIM, HANS FRIEDRICH AUGUST VON. Zu Werner Jaegers Grundlegung der Entwicklungs- geschichte des Aristoteles. 48 pp. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchges., 1969. DM 11.60. Originally published in Wiener Studien, vol. 46, 1928. 1707

AULICH, KURT. Naturwissenschaftliche Bestrebungen in St. Gallen zur Zeit Caspar Tobias Zollikofers. Verh. Schweiz. Naturforsch. Ges., 1969:9-20. 1708

AULIE, RICHARD P. An American contribution to Darwin's Origin of species. Am. Bio. Teacher, 1970,32:85-87. Concerning Asa Gray's correspondence with Darwin. 1709

AULIE, RICHARD P. Darwin and spontaneous generation. J. Am. Scientific Affil., 1970, 22:31-34. Answers objections to his review of A. E. Wilder Smith, "Darwinism and contemporary thought" (J. Am. Scientific Affil., 1968,20:123-125). 1710

AULIE, RICHARD P. [Jean-Baptiste] Boussingault and the nitrogen cycle. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:435479. "The purpose of this paper is to (a) outline the experimental steps that, beginning as early as 1785, first identified nitrogen as a crucial element in living organisms, (b) analyze the historical, sequential development of Boussingault's thought as he followed this element, with an emphasis on (c) the scientific reasoning he used in critical experiments, thus to understand (d) why the solution of the problem of the sources of plant nitrogen occupied the better part of a century." 1711

BALLESTRASSE, FLAVIO (et al.) Un grande e dimenticato neurologo dell'Ateneo torinese: Carlo Francesco Bellingeri [ 1789-1848]. (Scientia veterum, 117.) 141 pp., illus., bibl. Pisa: Giardini, 1968. 1712

BEST, A. E. Reflections on Joseph Lister's Edinburgh experiments on vascu-motor control. Med. Hist., 1970,14:10-30. "Joseph Lister's research on the neural control of the calibre of small bloodvessels was informed by two important, though unrelated discoveries, which had been engaging his attention for some time before his first surgical appointment in Edinburgh. These were the discoveries of (1) plain muscle- fibre ... and (2) syndromes in the facial parts of mammals." 1713

BREDNOW, WALTER. Dietrich Georg Kieser. Sein Leben und Werk. (Sudhoffs Archiv, Beiheft 12.) 176 pp., illus., bibl., index. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1970. DM 38. 1714

Die BRUDER HUMBOLDT heute. (Abhandlungen der Humboldt-Gesellschaft fiir Wissenschaft, Kunst und Bildung, 2.) 266 pp., illus., index. Mannheim: Verlag der Humboldt-Gesellschaft, 1968. Partial contents: Hans Hartmann: Wilhelm und Alexander von Humboldt Natur- und Geisteswissenschaft heute. Helmut de Terra: A. von Humboldt und die Verantwortung der Wissenschaft. Adolf Meyer-A bich: A. von Humboldts Philosophie der Natur, geistesgeschichtlich interpretiert und in ihrer Bedutung fur die heutige Naturwissenschaft dargestellt. 1715

BUCK-RICH, URSULA. Ernst Heinrich Weber (1795- 1878) und der Anfang einer Physiologie der Hautsinne. (Zurcher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, 70.) 36 pp., bibl. Zurich: Juris, 1970. 1716

BURKHARDT, RICHARD W., JR. Lamarck, evolution, and the politics of science. J. Hist. Biol., 1970,3:275-298. "Only brief remarks on the development and structure of Lamarck's evolutionary theory will be made here. Primary attention will be devoted instead to Lamarck's conception of his own role as scientist, to his perception of his relations with the rest of the scientific community, and to the effect that these views seem to have had on the way in which he presented his evolutionary ideas." 1717



122 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Biological Sciences

BYLEBYL, JEROME J. William Beaumont, Robley Dunglison, and the 'Philadelphia physiologists'. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:3-21. Dunglison suggested experiments that led to Beaumont's demonstration that the solvent power of the gastric juice is not due to its solvency alone. The research was published amidst dissension between the two men and hbstility from some of the medical profession. 1718

CANGUILHEM, GEORGES (ed.).Georges Cuvier: Journees d'etudes organisees par l'Institut d'Histoire des Sciences de l'Universite de Paris les 30 et 31 mai 1969 pour le bicentenaire de la naissance de G. Cuvier. Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:7-92. Contents: Francis Courtes: Georges Cuvier ou l'origine de la n6gation. Camille Limoges: L'economie naturelle et le principe de corr6lation chez Cuvier et Darwin. Franyois Dagognet: La situation de Cuvier dans l'histoire de la biologie, I. Michel Foucault: La situation de Cuvier dans l'histoire de la biologie, II. 1719

COLEMAN, WILLIAM. Yale Ussiversity: The Brewer papers. Mendel Newsletter, 1970,5:24. Describes the papers of William Henry Brewer (1828-1910) Yale professor of agriculture, popularizer of science, and investigator of problems in-heredity and variation. 1720

COLERIDGE, SAMUEL TAYLOR. Hints toward the formation of a more comprehensive theory of life. Ed. by Seth B. Watson. 95 pp. Farnborough: Gregg, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1848 edition. 1721

COOMBE, D. E. The editions of A week at the Lizard by the Revd. Charles Alexander Johns. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970,5:259-269. Johns (1811-74) wrote popular educational books on natural history. The author describes the three editions of Johns' second most popular book. 1722

COWAN, CHARLES F. Boisduval et al, Collection . .. des chenilles d'Europe " 183 2" [-1 83 ]7. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970, 5:303-323. Brief description of the author, artists, text, compilation and airangement, together with a table of contents, classified list of species, index of generic and specific names, and an arrangement of text and plates in the order of their appearance.

1723

COWAN, CHARLES F. Boisduval's Icones historiques des kpidoteres d'Europe "1832" [-1841]. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970,5:291-302. "The dates and partition of the two volumes of this work have for long been approximately known, but the precise details have never been published. Fuller and more accurate data have been compiled and are here placed on record." 1724

CRAVENS, HAMILTON. American scientists and the hereditary-environment controversy, 1883-1940. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:2936-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Iowa, 1969. Supervisor: Stow Pcrsons. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-21678. 393 pp. $5.05. "A study of the impact of the hereditary-environment controversy over human nature upon evolutionary ideas in America from the 1880s to the 1940s." 1725

CULOTTA, CHARLES A. On the color of blood from Lavoisier to Hoppe-Seyler, 1777-1864: A theoretical dilemma. Episteme, 1970,4:219-233. 1726

CULOTTA, CHARLES A. Tissue oxidation and theoretical physiology: Bernard, Ludwig, and Pfluger. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:109-140. "[Claude] Bernard, [Carl] Ludwig, and [E.] Pfluiger used the tissue oxidation problem as a test case for their philosophies of biology. Pfltiger, the vitalist, won the day but not because he proved that tissues respire. Pfltiger succeeded because he made it highly probable that tissue not only consumes oxygen but controls its own appetite. The control of respiratory rates was the major question. As Pfluiger gradually destroyed the old theory of blood metabolism, he searched for a replacement and provided it. Thus, taken in proper historical context, there was no real delay in acceptance. There was no framework within which tissue oxidation was meaningful until Pfluiger." 1727

CUVIER, GEORGES. Rapport historique sur les progres des sciences naturelles depuis 1789 et sur leur etat actuel ... xvi + 395 pp. Brussels: Culture et Civilisation, 1969. Bfr 840. Fascimile reprint of the Paris 1810 edition. 1728

CUVIER, GEORGES. Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles de quadrupedes. 4 vols., plts. Brussels: Culture et Civilisation, 1969. Facsimile repnrnt of the Paris 1812 edition. 1729

DARWIN, CHARLES R. On the movements and habits of climbing plants. 118 pp., illus. Brussels: Culture et Civilisation, 1969. Bfr 300. Facsimile reprint of the London 1865 edition. 1730

DARWIN in Missouri. Mendel Newsletter, 1970, 5:5. A brief description of correspondence between Charles Darwin, W. H. Flower (of the Royal College of Surgeons), and Reuben A. Blair (a Missouri haberdasher) concerning a possible case of the inheritance of the effects of an injury. 1731

DAVENPORT, K. Robert Ridgway: Illinois naturalist. J. Illinois State Hist. Soc., 1970, 63:270-289. Ridgway (1850-1929) was one of America's foremost ornithologists. 1732

DE BEER, GAVIN. The evolution of Charles Darwin. New York Rev. Books, 1970, 15(11):31-35. Essay review of Michael T. Ghiselin, The triumph of the Darwinian method (Berkeley, 1969). 1733

DELHEZ, ROBERT. Quelques aspects du d6but de la carrlere de C. J. Edouard Morren, d'apr6s une correspondence in6dite avec J. S. Stas et A. Quetelet. Lejeunia, 1969,48:1-20. 1734



38. 1 9th & 20th Centuries: Biological Sciences 123

DEXTER, RALPH W. Historical aspects of F. W. Putnam's systematic studies on fishes. J. Hist. Biol., 1970,3:131-148. Frederic Warde Putnam (1839-1915), a student of Louis Agassiz, began his scientific career as an ichthyologist, but is known today mainly asv founder of American archaeology. 1735

DOKE, TATSUMASA. Establishment of biochemistry in Japan. Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:145-153. From 1868 to the present. 1736

EGERTON, FRANK N. Humboldt, Darwin, and population. J. Hist. Bio., 1970,3:325-360. "It now seems clear that Humboldt not only, as had been previously known, inspired Darwin to make a voyage of exploration, but also provided him with his basic orientation concerning how and what to observe and how to write about it. An important part of what Darwin assimilated from Humboldt was an appreciation of population analysis as a tool for assessing the state of societies and of the benefits and hardships which these societies can expect to receive from the living world around them." 1737

EISNEROVA-SPUDLIOVA, VERA. Botanika v Ceskych zemich 2. poloviny 19. stoleti. (Botanical research in Bohemia in the second half of the 19th century.) (Prace z d6jin prirodnich ved, 1.) 136 pp. Prague: Oddeleni pro dejiny prfrodnich ved a techniky, Historickeho uistavu CSAV, 1969. 1738

EISNEROVA-SPUDLIOVA, VtRA. J. B. Lamarck o vyznamu studia vztahu v ziv6 pfrrod6. (Lamarck on the importance of studying relationships in nature.) D6jiny Vd Tech., 1969,2:258-260. Concerning new methodological aspects stressed by Lamarck in his Philosophie zoologique (1809).

1739

EISNEROVA-SPUDLIOVA, VERA. K pojeti biologie na pocatku 19. stoleti. (The idea of "biology" at the beginning of the 19th century.) Deiiny Ved Tech., 1970, 3: 1-10. 1740

EVANS, MARY ALICE; HOWARD E. EVANS. William Morton Wheeler, biologist. xiv + 363 pp., illus., bibl., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $11. 1741

FAUCHER, EUGENE. [Theodor] Fontane et Darwin. Etud. German., 1970,25:7-24, 141-154. 1742

FLEURY, P. Esquisse d'une histoire de la biochimie en France au XIXe siecle. Biol. Med., 1966, 55:457485. 1743

FRENCH, RICHARD D. Darwin and the physiologists. J. Hist. Bio., 1970,3:253-274. "This paper is an attempt to clarify, by a case study, some aspects of the relationship between Darwinian thought and the researches of the rising school of scientists responsible for the rebirth of British physiology in the latter part of the 19th century." The case study involves George Romanes' researches on nerve tissues.

1744

FRENCH, RICHARD D. Some concepts of nerve structure and function in Britain, 1875-1885: Background to Sir Charles Sherrington and the synapse concept. Med. Hist., 1970,14:154-165. Concerned with the impact that George J. Romanes (1848- 1894) and Edward Schafer (1850-1935) had on Sherrington's ideas on nerve structure. 1745

GAISINOVICH, A. E. Il'i I. Mechnikov (1 845-1916) belikii Russkii biolog. (I. I. Mechnikov, the great Russian biologist.) Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii, 1970,31:490499. 1746

GAISINOVICH, A. E. V. I. Lenin i nekotorye voprosy teorii razvitiia. (Lenin and some problems of the theory of development.) Ontogenez, 1970, 2:117-122. 1747

GAISINOVICH, A. E. Vzgliady Ch. Darvina na izmenchivost' i nasledstvennost'. (Darwin's views on variability and heredity.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:33-59. 1748

GEIST, DONALD C. The Philadelphia School of Anatomy (1820-1875). Trans. Stud. Coll. Physns Philad., 1970,38:25-39. Sketches the work of the thirteen owners of the School, probably the first private school of anatomy in America.

1749

GERSTNER, PATSY A. Vertebrate paleontology, an early 19th century transatlantic science. J. Hist. Biol, 1970,3:137-148. "Questions have often been asked concerning the attitude of the European scientist toward his counterpart in America during the first half of the 19th century, particularly whether or not there was any respect for American work or any use made of it in Europe. The answer is not yet available for all the sciences, but whatever the relations of American and European students of the more established sciences might have been, it is clear that in the burgeoning field of vertebrate paleontology American descriptive studies were respected and used during the first half of the century."

1750

GILSON, ETIENNE. Darwin sans l'evolution. Revue Deux Mondes, 1970:264-282. 1751

GOHAU, GABRIEL. Methode ou systeme chez Cuvier. Raison Presente, 1970, 14:45-59. 1752

GOHAU, GABRIEL. Naissance de la theorie cellulaire: De Buffon a Vichow. Raison Pr6sente, 1967-68, 5:93-100. 1753




GOULD, STEPHEN JAY. Dollo on Dollo's Law: Irreversibility and the status of evolutionary laws. J. Hist. Biol., 1970, 3:189-212. "Dollo's law ... has fallen into disregard along with the entire enterprise that sought to abstract historical laws from the phenomena of phylogeny. I find this unfortunate for two reasons: 1. Apart from any judgment on the merit of Dollo's law, I regret this foreclosure of discussion since the debate on historical laws illuminates so many issues in the philosophy of biology (reductionism, the nature of history). 2. Irreversi- bility, in its most important sense, is a notion quite different from the standard set of such 'laws'-those named for Cope, Williston, etc. By an ironic twist, as we shall see, Dollo's law emerges as a particularized statement of the general reason for our rejection of an approach to phylogeny based on a search for such historical laws." Included is an English translation of Dollo's paper "The laws of evolution" (1893). 1754

GREENBLATT, SAMUEL H. Hugh Jackson's first encounter with the work of Paul Broca: The physiological and philosophical background. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:555-570. Besides Broca, Jean Baptiste Bouillaud and Herbert Spencer contributed to Jackson's ideas on aphasia. 1755

HUMBOLDT, ALEXANDER VON. Aspects of nature, in different lands and different climates; with scientific elucidations. Trans. by Mrs. Sabin. xiii + 475 pp., index. New York: AMS Pr., 1970. Facsimile reprint of the Philadelphia 1850 edition. 1756

HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY. Collected essays. (Anglistica and Americana, 65.) 8 vols. Hildesheim: Olms, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1893-1894 edition. 1757

HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY. Darwiniana. Essays. x + 475 pp. New York: AMS Pr., 1970. $11.50. Facsimile reprint of the 1896 edition. 1758

HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY. Evolution and ethics, and other essays. 334 pp. New York: AMS Pr., 1970. $7.50. Facsimile reprint of the 1896 edition. 1759

I. P. PAVLOV v vospominaniakh sovremennikov. (Pavlov in reminiscences of his contemporaries.) 383 pp., port., bibl. Leningrad: Leningradskoe Otd-Nie, 1967. 1760

JOHNSON, RICHARD I. Perry's Conchology (1811)- more than one edition. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970,5:287.

-"Outwardly it would seem that there was one edition of the Conchology, but the six copies I have examined indicate there were at least two editions and several printings." 1761

JOHNSON, RICHARD I. L. A. Reeve and G. 13. Sowerby, Conchology iconica (1843-78): The original pattern set. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970,5:288. Briefly describes the printing history of the Conchologia iconica and the acquisition of its pattern set, the standard used in coloring the lithograph plates, by Harvard University. 1762

KANAEV, IVAN I. Gete i Biuffon. (Goethe and Buffon.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:71-89. Discusses Goethe's relation to Buffon, the similarity of some of their opinions, and the possibility of Buffon's influence on Goethe. 1763

KEVAN, D. KEITH McE. Agassiz's Nomenclatoris zoologici index universalis-a correction. J. Soc. Biblphy Nat. Hist., 1970, 5:286. The Nomenclatoris was published in two editions, 1847 and 1848, not one. 1764

KLOPPE, WOLFGANG. Erinnerungen an Carl Gustav Carus, 1789-1869. 38 pp., illus., bibl. Berlin: Medicus, 1969. 1765

KRUTA, VLADISLAV. J. E. Purkyn6 (1787-1869), physiologist. A short account of his contributions to the progress of physiology with a bibliography of his works. 137 pp., illus., bibl. Prague: Academia, 1969. 1766

KRUTA, VLADISLAV. Purkyiiovy buiiky. (Purkyne cells.) Dfiiny Ved Tech., 1969,2:137-150. 1767

KUTZING, FRIEDRICH TRAUGOTT. Species algarum. vi + 924 pp. Amsterdam: Asher, 1969. Fl 144. Facsimile reprint of 1849 edition. 1768

KUHN, DOROTHEA. Das Cotta-Archive im Schiller- Nationalmuseum zu Marbach am Neckar. Korres- pondenz mit deutschen Naturforschern im 19. Jahrhundert. Isis, 1970, 61:103-104. 1769

LANTERI-LAURA, GEORGES. Histoire de la phrenologie: L'homme et son cerveau selon F. J. Gall. 262 pp., bibl. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. F 30. 1770

LASEGUE, ANTOINE. Musee botanique de M. Benjamin Delessert. Notices sur les collections de plantes et la bibliotheque qui le composent. With an intro. by F. A. Stafleu. (Historiae naturalis classica, 81.) Lehre: Cramer; Codicote: Wheldon and Wesley; New York: Stechert-Hafner, 1970. DM 100. Facsimile reprint of the Paris 1845 edition. 1771



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Biological Sciences 125

LE CONTE, JOSEPH. Evolution, its nature, its evidences, and its relation to religious thought. 2nd ed., revised. xxii + 382 pp., illus. New York: Krause Reprint, 1970. $12. Reprint of the New York 1897 edition. 1772

LESKY, ERNA. Structure and function in Gall. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:297-314. Points out Franz Joseph Gall's dependence on the psychology and philosophy of Charles Bonnet and Jolhann Gottfried Herder. 1773

LIMOGES, CAMILLE. Darwinisme et adaptation. Revue Quest. Scient., 1970,31:353-374. "L'adaptation est un concept majeur de la biologie depuis Darwin, c'est-a-dire que ce concept occupe, depuis, une position chef dans I'architectonique de la theorie evolution- niste. C'est peu apres 1851 que cette position dominante lui fut acquise lorsque prenant pour modele le concept de division du travail psychologique de Henri Milne-EdwVards, Darwin forma la notion d'une division du travail ecologique. Ainsi s'expliqua l'aspect, arborescent du schema taxonomique, les adaptations aux diverses niches ecologiques ouverts a une population sp6cifique rendant compte, par lejeu de la s6lection divergente. Alors se trouva complete et entirere- ment articul6 pour la premiere fois, le corps de concepts qui constituait la theiorie darwinienne sur la formation des especes et leurs transformations." 1774

LIMOGES, CAMILLE. Une lecture nouvelle de Darwin. Sciences, 1969,58-59:70-73. 1775

LIMOGES, CAMILLE. La selection naturelle: Etude sur la premiere constitution d'un concept (1837- 1859). 184 pp., illus., bibl. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. F 25. 1776

LINCOLN, A. The natural history of the Beechey expedition. Pacif; Discov., 1969, 22(4):1-8. The arctic expedition of Admiral Frederick William Beechey. 1777

LOTHER, ROLF. Avgust Veisman i ego mesto v istorii biologii. (August Weismann and his place in the history of biology.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:90-97. 1778

LOWDEN, RICHARD M. William Ashbrook Keilerman's botanical expeditions to Guatemala (1905-1908). Taxon, 1970, 19:19-35. "In 1891 W. A. Kellerman came to the Ohio State University as Professor of Botany, which position he held until his death in Guatemala on March 8, 1908. From January through March of the years 1905 through 1908, Kellerman made four collecting trips to Guatemala on which parasitic fungi and vascular plant material were secured." 1779

LYELL, CHARLES. Scientific journals on the species question. Ed. by Leonard G. Wilson. (Yale studies in the history of science and medicine, 5.) lxi + 572 pp., illus., port. New Haven: Yale Univ. Pr., 1970. $17.50. 1780

MANIER, EDWARD. The experimental method in biology: T. H. Morgan and philosophy of biology. Synthese, 1969,20:185-205. 1781

MAZURMOVICH, B. N. Zoologicheskie issledovaniia N. I. Andrusova. (Zoological studies of N. I. Andrusov.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:69-70. 1782

MC VAUGH, ROGERS. Introduction to the facsimile reprint of George Bentham's Plantae Hartwegianae. (Historia naturalis classica, 30.) 102 pp., maps. Lehre: Cramer, 1970. DM 20. 1783

MECHNIKOV, IL'IA IL'ICH. Immunity in infective diseases. With a new intro. by Gert H. Brieger. Trans. by F. G. Binnie. (Sources of science, 61.) xxxi + xvi + 591 pp. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1968. Reprint of the 1905 edition. 1784

MENDEL, GREGOR. Versuche uber Pflanzenhybriden. Kommentiert von Franz Weiling. (Ostwalds Klassiker der exackten Wissenschaften, 6.) 100 pp., plt. Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1970. 1785

MICHEA, R. La metamorphose des plantes devant la critique. Etudes German., 1969, 24:194-209. On Goethe's Versuch die Metamorphose des Pflanzen zu erkldren.

1786

MILLER, HORTENSE S. The herbarium of Aylmer Bourke Lambert [ 1 761-18421 . Notes on its acquisition, dispersal, and present whereabouts. Taxon, 1970, 19:489-553. 1787

MIRZOYAN, E. N. Istoriko-nauchnyi analiz i razvitie evoluitsionnogo napravleniia v morfologii. (Historical-scientific' analysis and the development of evolutionary animal morphology.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970,2:123-144. Discusses traditions of historical-biological investigations in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th century. 1788

MONTGOMERY, WILLIAM M. The origins of the spiral theory of phyllotaxis. J. Hist. Biol., 1970, 3:299-323. In 1829 Carl Schimper and Alexander Braun outlined a new theory of leaf distribution around an axis. This article surveys their predecessors, explicates their mathematics, and evaluates their achievement. 1789

MORUZZI, GIUSEPPE. I1 contributo di Carlo Matteucci alla creazione del modello fisico del nervo. Physis, 1969, 11:408-417. Matteucci constructed the first physical model of the nerve, with particular regard to the mechanism of the physical electrotonus. The influence of his work on Ludimar Hermann's theory on conduction of nerve impulses is analysed. 1790




NAUMANN, JOHANN FRIEDRICH; HEINRICH RUDOLF SCHINZ. Die ornithologische Korres- pondenz zwischen Johann Friedrich Naumann und Heinrich Rudolf Schinz in den Jahren 1815-1835. Hrsg. und erlautert von Erwin Stresemann und Ludwig Baege. (Acta historica scientiarum naturalium et medicinalium, 21.) 87 pp., ports. Odense: Odense Universitetsforlag, 1969. 1791

NAZAROV, V. I. Vozniknovenie genetiki i evoliutsionnoe uchenie vo Frantsii v nachale XX veka. (The origins of genetics and the evolutionary theory in France in the beginning of the 20th century.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:98-111 . 1792

NAZAROV, V. I. Vozrozhdenie evoliutsionizma vo Frantsii i popytka ob'edineniia Lamarkizma s Darvinizmom. (The revival of evolutionary theory in France and the attempt to join Lamarckism with Darwinism.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970, 31:70-75. With emphasis on the work of A. Girard and F. Le Dantec.

1793

NISBET, HUGH B. Herder, Goethe, and the natural 'type'. Pub. English Goethe Soc., Papers, 1967, 37:83-119. "In the history of ideas, particularly of biological ideas, typology, or the theory that all natural forms, or certain groups of them, exemplify a basic 'type' or common structural pattern, is an important phase. For its development is closely bound up with some of the major advances over the last two centuries in our understanding of nature. The theory is most commonly associated with Goethe, although Herder and several other writers have been mentioned from time to time in connection with it. In order to understand the historical status of the theory more fully, it will be necessary to discuss its origins, the respective contributions of Herder and Goethe to its growth, and the principal modifications which it has since undergone." 1794

OPPENHEIMER, JANE M. Hans Driesch and the theory and the practice of embryonic transplantation. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:378-382. 1795

OPPENHEIMER, JANE M. Some diverse backgrounds for Curt Herbst's ideas about embryonic induction. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:241-250. G. Pouchet, L. Chabry and Rudolf Virchow may have stimulated Herbst's ideas about embryonic induction during the 1890's. 1796

PFEIFER, DAVID E. Louis Agassiz and the origin of species. Pp. 87-105 in Richard Tursman (ed.) Studies in philosophy and the history of science: Essays in honor of Max Fisch. Lawrence: Coronado, 1970. 1797

POREP, RUDIGER. Der Physiologe und Plankton- forscher Victor Hensen (1835-1924). Sein Leben und sein Werk. (Kieler Beitrage zur Geschichte der Medizin und Pharmazie, 9.) 147 pp., illus., bibl. Neumiinster: Wachholtz, 1970. DM 19.80. 1798

RANDEL, WILLIAM PEIRCE. Huxley in America. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:73-99. In 1876 Thomas Henry Huxley spent seven weeks in America travelling, lecturing, and visiting with scientists and newspaper reporters. "Perhaps his greatest service ... was to give to some Americans, those committed to the advancement of knowledge, a sense that they were not, as they had so often been made to feel, second-class citizens in that realm without boundaries." 1799

RAPP, DIETMAR. Die Entwicklung der physiologischen Methodik von 1784 bis 1911. Eine quantitative Untersuchung. (Munstersche Beitrage zur Geschichte und Theorie der Medizin, 2.) v + 233 pp., index. Munster: Institut fur Geschichte der Medizin der Univ. Munster, 1970. 1800

ROMANES, GEORGE J. Animal intelligence. xiv + 520 pp., index. Farnborough: Gregg, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1882 edition. 1801

ROMANES, GEORGE J. Mental evolution in animals. Posthumous essay on instinct, by Charles Darwin. 411 pp., illus. New York: AMS Pr., 1969. $15.50. Facsimile reprint of the 1884 edition. 1802

RUBAILOVA, N. G. Istoriia sozdaniia i znachenie truda Ch. Darvina Izmeneniia domashnikh zhivotnykh i kul'turnykh rastenii. (History of the making and importance of Darwin's The variation of animals and plants under domestication.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970,2:21-32. 1803

SCHLEIDEN, MATHIAS JACOB. Principles of scientific botany or botany as an inductive science. Trans. by Edwin Lankester. A facsimile of the London, 1849, edition. With a new intro. by Jacob Lorch. (Sources of science, 40.) xxxv + 616 pp., illus., index. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1969. 1804

SEIDLER, EDUARD. Evolutionismus in Frankreich. SudhoffsArch., 1969,53:362-377. "The present article deals with the concept of biological and social evolutionism in France in the 19th and the beginning 20th century ... Two tendencies are peculiar to France: (1) the development of an organistic sociology more or less contrary to Darwinism, (2) the rise of the theories of Gobineau and their later amalgamation with the consequences of biological and social Darwinism." From the English summary. 1805

SINOT6, YOSITO. Mendel's two genetics papers viewed from the standpoint of evolution. Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8.155-166. 1806

SPRUCE, RICHARD. Notes of a botanist on the Amazon and Andes. With a new foreword by Richard Evans Schultes. 2 vols., illus., maps, ports. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1970. Reprint of the 1908 edition. 1807



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Biological Sciences 127

STAFLEU, FRANS A. Boisser's Diagnoses. Taxon, 1970, 19:803-805. Essay review of Edmond Boissier, Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum (Amsterdam: A. Asher and Co., 1969). Facsimile of the 1842-1859 edition. 1808

STAFLEU, FRANS A. Karl Goebel's Organography. Taxon, 1970, 19:114-116. Essay review of Karl Goebel, Organography of plants, (New York: Hafner, 1969). Facsimile of the 1900-1905 edition. Article also contains a brief discussion of the life of Karl Goebel (b. 1855). 1809

SUTTON, STEPHANNE B. Charles Sprague Sargent and the Arnold Arboretum. xvii + 382 pp., ports. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. 1810

SWAZEY, JUDITH P. Action propre and action commune: The localization of cerebral function. J. Hist. Biol., 1970,3:213-234. In the early 19th century Franz Joseph Gall and his disciple G. Spurzheim advocated action propre while Pierre Flourens claimed the brain functions by action propre and action commune. This conflict is briefly traced through the remainder of the 19th century. (Johannes Muller, Paul Broca, Frederich Goltz, and Hermann Munk) and into the 20th (Thorndike and D. 0. Hebb). 1811

SWEET, JESSIE M. The collection of Louis Dufresne (1752-1832).Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:33-71. The letters and papers referring to the sale of the natural history collection of Louis Dufresne (taxidermist in the Museum Royal d'Histoire Naturelle) to the University of Edinburgh have come to light in the papers of Robert Jameson (1774-1854), Professor of Natural History at Edinburgh. Three plates. 1812

SWEET, JESSIE M. William Bullock's collection and the University of Edinburgh, 1819. Ann. Sci., 1970, 26:23-32. A description of the dispersal (by auction) of Bullock's Museum of Natural Curiosities. Based on Bullock's correspondence with Robert Jameson (1774-1854), Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh. Three plates, including a portrait of Bullock. 1813

SWINSON, ARTHUR. Frederick Sander: The Orchid King. The record of a passion. 252 pp., 16 plts., illus., ports., bibl. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1970. 63s. 1814

TEICH, MIKULA?. Purkyn6 and Valentin on ciliary motion: An early investigation in morphological physiology. Br. J. Hist. Sci., 1970,5:168-177. "The aim of this paper is ... to show that in their work on cilia Purkyne and Valentin were successfully combining the study of form and function in animal biology and thus were in fact promoting the field of morphological physiology." 1815

TEPPERMAN, JAY. Horlsey and Clarke: A biographical medallion. Perspect. Biol. Med., 1970, 13:295-308. "Sir Victor Horsley and Robert Henry Clarke pooled their complementary insights and skills [in 1907] and invented [a stereotaxic] instrument which enabled their scientific descendents ... to explore the deepest recesses of the brain with great precision." 1816

THEODORIDES, JEAN. Humboldt zoologiste. Episteme, 1970,4:99-108. 1817

TORTIC, MILICA. Stephan Schulzer von Mueggenburg. Taxon, 1970,19:93-101. "Stephen Schulzer [ 1802-1892] war im vorigen Jahrhundert ein sehr bekannter Mykologe in Europa. Seine Arbeiten wurden in verschiedenen botanischen und mykologischen Zeitschriften ver6ffentlicht und er selbst war in Verbindung mit den damals fiihrenden Mykologen, wie Quelet, Bresadola, Saccardo usw., die alle eine sehr hohe Meinung von ihm batten." 1818

TRAUB, HAMILTON P. Introduction to Herbert's Amaryllidaceae, 1837, and related works. 93 pp., bibl. Lehre: Cramer, 1970. DM 20. 1819

TRINIUS, CARL BERNHARD. Species graminum. (Historiae naturalis classica, 78, pts. 1, 2.) 2 vols.; 680 pp., 360 pp., illus. Lehre: Cramer; Codicote: Wheldon and Wesley; New York: Stechert-Hafner, 1970. DM 275. Facsimile reprint of the Leningrad 1828 edition. 1820

VORZIMMER, PETER J. Charles Darwin: The years of controversy. The origin of species and its critics, 1859-1882. xix + 300 pp., illus., bibl. Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Pr., 1970. $12.50. 1821

WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL. My life: A record of events and opinions. 2 vols.; xii + 435 pp.; viii + 459 pp. Farnborough: Gregg, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the London 1905 edition. 1822

WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL. Natural selection and tropical nature. Essays on descriptive and theoretical biology. xii + 492 pp., index. Farnborough: Gregg, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the London 1891 edition. 1823

WALTER, RICHARD D. S. Weir Mitchell, M.D., neurologist. A medical biography. viii + 232 pp., illus., bibl. Springfield, Ill.: Thomas, 1970. 1824

WATANABE, MASAO. On Edward S. Morse. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1967, 6:161-166. Morse (1838-1925) was well known in Japan as the discoverer of the shell mounds at Omori, Tokyo, and as the American teacher of zoology at Tokyo University (1877-79) who introduced the theory of evolution into Japan. 1825



128 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Biological Sciences, Sciences of Man

WATANABE, MASAO; YOKO OSE. The trend of academic journals and the theor of evolution in the early Meiji period. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1968, 7:186-193. Statistical analysis of the contents of three scientific journals shows that articles on the theory of evolution constituted an unusually high percentage of the subjects treated. 1826

WISCHHUSEN, HEINZ-GUNTHER. Anatomie und Chirurgie an der Universitiit Rostock in der ersten Hilfte des XIX. Jahrhunderts (unter [Johann Wilhelm] Josephi und [Carl Friedrich] Quittenbaum, 1789-1852). Tell I. NTM, 1969, 6(2):87-101. 1827

YOUNG, ROBERT M. The impact of Darwin on conventional thought. Pp. 13-35 in Anthony Symondson (ed.) The Victoiian crisis of faith. London: S.P.C.K., 1970. "This brief account of the 19th-century controversy is almed at broadening the perspective within which the challenge of Victorian science is viewed and at drawing attention to the views of some members of the Victorian intelligentsia." 1828

YOUNG, ROBERT M. Mind, brain and adaptation in the 19th century: Cerebral localization and its biological context from Gall to Ferrier. xiv + 278 pp., bibl., index. Oxford: Clarendon Pr., 1970. 65s. 1829

f. Sciences of man (psychology, cultural anthropology, sociology)

ARDILA, RUBEN. Jose Ingenieros, psychologist. J. Hist. Behavl Sci.-, 1970, 6:4147. "Jose Ingenieros (1877-1925) is one of the most admired figures of intellectual life in Latin America ... He published widely in psychology, criminology, sociology, philosophy, ethics and cultural movements. He founded an academic journal and directed it for a number of years. He opened the window to Positivism in his country, Argentina, and to a lesser extent, the whole of Spanish America." 1830

ARNAUD, PIERRE. La "physique sociale" d'Auguste Comte. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:247-258. 1831

ARON, WILLIAM. Hahnemann et Spinoza. Une etude comparee de leur psychologie. Revue Hist. Med. H1b., 1970, 23:11-13. 1832

BALDWIN, ROGER. Henry Thomas Buckle: A re-evaluation. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4556-A. Dissertation at New York Univ., 1967. Adviser: Wellman Warner. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7369. 268 pp. $3.45. Buckle was a 19th-century sociologist remembered for his geographical determinism. 1833

BANNISTER, ROBERT C. "The survival of the fittest is our doctrine": History or histrionics. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970,31:377-398. The author argues that historians of Social Darwinism (Hofstadter, Curti, Goldman, Fine, et al.) have seriously overstated its place in late 19th-century conservative thought. 1834

BAYLEY, JAMES E. Self and personal identity in William James's Principles of psychology. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4486-A. Dissertation at Columbia Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6937. 156 pp. $3. 1835

BIRK, KASIMIR. Sigmnund Freud und die Religion. (Munsterschwarzacher Studien, 10.) xv + 125 pp., bibl. Munsterschwarzach: Vier-Tiirme-Verlag, 1970. 1836

BITTERMAN, M. E. C. Lloyd Morgan and the theory of instrumental learning. Am. J. Psychol., 1969, 82:126-133. 1837

BRANN, HENRY WALTER. Freud as philosopher. Am. Imago, 1970,27:122-139. "Freud's philosophy is a grandiose but, unfortunately, fragmentary attempt at incorporating the id ... into the whole of human life. It is a transcendental system which includes the mythical forces of the instincts as well as logic, esthetics and psychoolgy. Through metapsychology he tried to bring back psychology into the realms of philosophy to which it had belonged in Antiquitv and the Middle Ages." 1838

BRINGMANN, WOLFGANG G.; ALAN KRICHEV; WILLIAM BALANCE. Goethe as behavior therapist. J. Hist. Behavi Sci., 1970, 6:151-155. "Goethe's account is of value to the historian of psychology because it suggests that behavior therapy was successfully practised before other known historical examples in a country not typically known for its strong behavioristic orientation in psychology." 1839

BRODY, BENJAMIN. Freud's case-load. Psycho- therapy, 1970, 7:8-12, "Through an analysis of his clinical writings, this study will estimate the nature of Freud's clinical experience in terms of the characteristics of the population of patients with which he dealt." 1840

BROZEK, JOSEF. Contributions to the history of psychology, XII: Wayward history; F. C. Donders (1818-1889) and the timing of mental operations. Psychol. Rep., 1970,26:563-569. "The approach to quantification in psychology through the timing of mental operations is rooted in the work of a Dutch physiologist, F. C. Donders. In examining Donders' writings, their translations, and the literature referring to Donders' work we were struck by the large number of minor but not insignificant errors." From the summary. 1841

BUCHANAN, JOSEPH. The philosophy of human nature. Historical and psychological analysis by James F. Adams. 15 + vi + 336 pp. Weston, Mass.: M &SPr., 1970. Facsimile reprint of the 1812 edition. 1842



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Sciences of Man 129

CAPPS, DONALD. Hartmann's relationship to Freud: A reappraisal. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:162-175. "We want to suggest that [Eduard von] Hartmann provides a significant historical 'link' between psychoanalysis and the Jewish mystical tradition. In our view, Hartmann played a crucial role in reminding Freud of the potentialities of Jewish mysticism when Freud was at the point of 'discovering' psychoanalysis." 1843

CERTEAU, MICHEL DE. Ce que Freud fait de l'histoire. A propos de: "Une nevrose demoniaque au XVIIe siecle". Annls Econ. Soc. Civ., 1970, 25:654-667. 1844

CHARCOT, JEAN MARTIN. A propos de six cas d'hysterie chez l'homme. 50 pp. Paris: Theraplix, 1969. Facsimile reprints of extracts from the Paris 1890 edition of Charcot's Oeuvres completes. 1845

CHERTOK, LEON. Freud in Paris: A crucial stage. Int. J. Psychoanal., 1970, 51:511-520. "In Paris, in 1885, Freud abandoned his investigations on cerebral anatomy in order to follow Charcot's teaching on hysteria. Such a radical change of course in Freud's scientific interests induced a crisis which all but led him to cut short his stay in Paris ... He was, however, very soon able to overcome this crisis inasmuch as he found in Charcot a model who, in contrast to Breuer, was not afraid of studying hysteria scientifically." From the summary. 1846

CONWAY, JILL. Stereotypes of femininity in a theory of sexual evolution. Victorian Stud., 1970, 14:47-62. Discusses in detail the work of the Scottish-biologist Patrick Geddes, The evolution of sex (1889). 1847

CROMER, WARD; PAULA ANDERSON. Freud's visit to America: Newspaper coverage. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:349-3 53. "Because the newspaper coverage was limited, it is questionable as to how important a part they played in spreading Freud's ideas in America. It is likely that they did succeed in arousing curiosity, at least among readers in the Boston area." 1848

DARNELL, REGNA. Tu-e emergence of academic anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:80-92. "The University of Pennsylvania has played a significant role in the institutional development of modem American anthropology at several periods. Taken as a whole, the growth of the University Museum and an academic department of anthropology at Penn illustrates a major cross- section of the general history of the period." The Penn Museum was founded in 1889 and split from the University in 1913. 1849

DAViD, KEITH R. Percept and concept in William James. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4488-A. Dissertation at Southem Illinois Univ., 1969. Sypervisor: S. Morris Eames. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7273. 129 pp.$3. 1850

D'ELIA, DONALD J. Benjamin Rush, David Hartley, and the revolutionary uses of psychology. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:73-118. In the first decade of the 19th century the American physician Benjamin Rush proposed a philosophy for the new republic (based on David Hartley's Observations on man, 1749) in which "correct physical causes, whether employed by the republican legislator, the republican divine, the republican schoolmaster, or the republican social and medical philosopher, would produce the desired physical environment in America; and it, in tur . . . would scientifically restore to man his long lost direct perception of truth". 1851

DOWNIE, R. ANGUS. Frazer and the Golden Bough. 143 pp., port., bibl., index. London: Gollancz, 1970. 36s. A personal memoir together with an appraisal of Sir James Frazer's work. 1852

ESQUIROL, JEAN ]ETIENNE DOMINIQUE. De la manie. 94 pp. Paris: Theraplix, 1969. Facsimile reprint of an extract from Esquirol's Des maladies mentales (Paris, 1838). 1853

EVANS-PRITCHARD, E. E. The sociology of Comte: An appreciation. 26 pp., bibl. Manchester: Manchester Univ. Pr., 1970. 7s 3d (paper). 1854

FEINSTEIN, HOWARD M. William James on the emotions. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:133-142. "Though materialistically trained, [James] inclined temperamentally toward a unique, passionate view of the world. For many reasons, some of which have to do with the influence of Darwin and the spirit of the 'new psychology' and some of which have to do with his own emotional history, he moved willfully against his own temperament. His theory of the emotions emerged from this fecund soil." 1855

FORTES, MEYER. Kinship and the social order: The legacy of Lewis Henry Morgan. (Lewis Henry Morgan lectures, 1963.) ix + 347 pp., illus., bibl. Chicago: Aldine; London: Routledge & K. Paul, 1970. $9.75. 1856

FOUGEYROLLAS, PIERRE. La revolution freudienne. 303 pp. Paris: Denoel/Gonthier, 1970. F 22. 1857

FREUD, SIGMUND. La vie sexuelle. Trad. de l'allemand par Denise Berger, Jean Laplanche et collaborateurs. Intro. par Jean Laplanche. 160 pp. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1969. F 12. 1858

FREUD, SIGMUND; ARNOLD ZWEIG. The letters of Sigmund Freud & Arnold Zweig. Ed. by Ernst L. Freud; trans. by Prof. and Mrs. W. D. Robson-Scott. (The international psycho-analytical library, 84.) ix + 190 pp., plts., ports., index. London: Hogarth Pr. for the Institute of Psychoanalysis; New York: H.arcourt, Brace and World, 1970. 45s. 1859



130 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Sciences ofMan

GEDO, JOHN E. Thoughts on art in the age of Freud. J. Am. Psychoanal. Ass., 1970,18:219-245. "Psychoanalysis has ... served as an indispensable tool in the development of art theory, permitting understanding of the primacy of form over content in art. In the visual arts in particular, the impact of psychoanalysis has coincided temporally with the emergence of a new epoch, a modern revolution. The year of Freud's journey to Paris, 1885, also marked the arrival there of Munch and van Gogh; it was the moment when Gaugin abandoned his family and the Douanier Rosseau left the Customs .. .' 1860

GOETZ, BRUNO. Das ist alles, was ich iwber Freudzu erzahlen habe. Erinnerungen an Sigmund Freud. 11 pp. Berlin: Friedenauer Pr., 1969. 1861

GOLLIN, GILLIAN LINDT. The sociology of Saint- Simon: Monument or steppingstone? J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:188-196. "It is my contention that Saint-Simon's work deserves a more serious appraisal. His ideas, not withstanding the unsystematic manner of their presentation, are characterized by an independence of thought which suggests that to view him, in hindsight, simply as a forerunner of writers like Comte, Marx, or Durkheim is to distort seriously Saint-Simon's singular contribution to the development of social theory." 1862

GRABSKI, ANDRZEJ FELIKS. Polish enthusiasts and critics of Henry T. Buckle. Organon (Warsaw), 1970, 7:259-275. 1863

HALLER, JOHN S., JR. Concepts of race inferiority in 19th-century anthropology. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:40-5 1. Europeans and Americans in the 19th century "saw the function of statistical somatometry as a means of gratifying the desire for certainty. They would allow the purely statistical, experimental, and 'uninvolved' discipline of somatometry to justify an a priori judgmenit. Then, too, any such investigation that proved the Negro, Indian, Malay, or Mongol to be below the Caucasian in the scale of civilization would again justify the new colonial policies as well as the separation of the races". 1864

HALLER, JOHN S., JR. The physician versus the Negro: Medical and anthropological concepts of race in the late 19th century. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:154-167. "PPhysicians of the late 19th century did.not see the separation of the races and the Negro's disfranchisement as instruments used toward the creation of a new Negro stock, developing progressively out of natural race struggle; rather, they saw the Negro race working in harmony with the laws of nature and slowly succumbing to the rigors of competition ... Segregation and disfranchisement were first steps toward preparing the Negro race for its extinction." 1865

HAWES, JOSEPH M. Social scientists and immigration restriction: Highlights of a debate. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1969, 11 :467482. 1866

HUARD, PIERRE A.; M.-J. IMBAULT-HUARD. Jules Soury (1 842-1915). Revue Hist. Sci. Applic., 1970, 23:155-164. "En conclusion, Jules Soury a voulu nous laisser 'une histoire anatomique et physiologique de l'intelligence, une histoire naturelle de l'esprit humain et, mieux encore, une esquisse de la conception de l'Univers, consideree comme un ph6nomene cerebral'."

1867

JONES, ROBERT ALUN. Comte and Spencer: A priority dispute in social science. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:24 1-254. "Regardless of how little Spencer read of Comte's work, there is no doubt that he was considerably influenced by him. Spencer read less and wrote more than possibly any scholar of his generation; but . . . Spencer needed to read less, for the authors were constantly at his elbow. Of his close friends, George Lewes, George Eliot, and John Stuart Mill were steeped in Comte's thought; and his educator grandfather, father, and uncles could not have been unaware of the Positive Philosophy."

1868

MARX, OTTO M. Morton Prince and the dissociation of a personality. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:120-130. "The discussion of the fate of Prince's memory and of his work will take personal and professional factors into consideration. It will, furthermore, focus on some aspects of the historiography of psychiatry which seem to have played a decisive role in shaping our image of the past, and which, more specifically, have led to the relative neglect of prominent figures like Morton Prince [1848-19291

1869

MC GLASHAN, A. M.; C. J. REEVE. Freud, founder of psycho-analysis. 127 pp., illus., bibl., index. London: Rupert Hart-Davis Educational, 1970. 18s. 1870

MONTPETIT, RAYMOND. Freud, Copernic et la meprise. Dialogue, 1970, 9:88-92. Discusses Claude Savary, "La revolution copernicienne: Freud et le geocentrisme medieval", Dialogue, 1969, 8:417432.

1871

NANCE, R. DALE. G. Stanley Hall and John B. Watson. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:303-316. "To a degree at least, we may view Hall and Watson as polarities on the hereditary-environmental continuum. In retrospect, we see that both were important figures in American child psychology's formative years."

1872

NEWMAN, EDWIN B. Newton, physics, and the psychology of the 19th century. Am. J. Psychol, 1969,82:400406. "My main thesis is that the essence of Gestalt psychology ... lies in its insistence upon a monistic approach to psychological fact-upon a kind of physicalism, if you will, and a rejection once and for all of dualistic premises, however deceptive may be the packaging."

1873

NYGREN, EDWARD JOHN. Ruben Peale's experiments with mesmerism. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970, 114:100-108. Peale (1784-1865), a New York city museum curator, conducted a series of popular, commercial exhibitions of mesmerism.

1874



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Sciences of Man 131

O'KELLY, CHARLOTTE G.; JOHN W. PETRAS. Images of man in early American sociology, Part II: The changing concept of social reform. J. Hist. BehaviSci., 1970, 6:317-334. Brief studies of the first five presidents of the American Sociological Society: William Graham Sumner (1840-19 10), Lester Frank Ward (1841-1913), Franklin Henry Giddings (1855-1931), Albion Woodbury Small (1854-1926), and Edward Alsworth Ross (1866-1951). 1875

PETRAS, JOHN W. Clianges of emphasis in the sociology of W. I. Thomas. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:70-79. "Those who wish to understand the changes that were going on in the development of American sociology at the beginning of this century would do well to study the career of W. I. Thomas whose works demonstrated, in microcosm, the changing direction in sociology with regard to the individual and society relationship." 1876

PETRAS, JOHN W. Images of man in early American sociology, Part I: The individualistic perspective in motivation. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:231-240. The author offers substantiation for the view that early 20th-century American sociologists "conceived of social behavior and society as constituted by individual behavior, and particularly emphasized the motivation of individuals in association". 1877

POSTMAN, LEO. Hermann Ebbinghaus. Am. Psychol., 1968,23:149-157. On his contribution to the development of psychology. 1878

REED, SAMPSON. Observations on the growth of the mind with remarks on some subjects (1838). A facsimile reproduction with an intro. by Carl F. Strauch. xvi + viii + 192 pp. Gainesville, Florida: Scholar's Facsimiles, 1970. 1879

RICOEUR, PAUL. Freud and philosophy: An essay on interpretation. Trans. by Denis Savage. xv + 573 pp., index. New Haven: Yale Univ. Pr., 1970. 1880

RIESE, WALTHER. L'idee du genie dans l'oeuvre de Moreau de Tours. Episteme, 1969, 3:210-213. 1881

ROLLIN, BERNARD E. Thomas Brown on mental analysis. Stud. Scot. Lit., 1967, 5:46-56. Concerning the conflict between Brown and Francis Jeffrey. 1882

ROSENFIELD, ISRAEL. Freud: Character and consciousness. A study of Freud's theory of unconscious motives. 190 pp., bibl. New York: University Books, 1970. $5.95. 1883

ROSENZWEIG, SAUL. Erik Erikson on William James's dream: A note of correction. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:258-260. The author argues that two factual errors (that Freud visited America in 1907 and that James died in 1906) in Erik Erikson,Identity: Youth and crisis (N.Y., 1968) lead to Erikson's misunderstanding of one of James's dreams. Followed by a brief rejoinder by Erikson. 1884

ROTIGEL, DAVID E. Lester Frank Ward on man, society and education. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:2914-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Illinois, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-963. 200 pp. $3. 1885

SEEMAN, JULIUS. The psychological center: A historical note. Am. Psychol., 1968, 23:522-523. Discusses how the beginnings of clinical psychology were related to the behavioral science model and how closely the psychological center fits into this conception. 1886

SHOPE, ROBERT K. Freud on conscious and unconscious intentions. Inquiry, 1970, 13:149-159. 1887

SKLAIR, LESLIE. Comte and the idea of progress. Inquiry, 1968,11:321-331. "Thie idea of progress is developed by Comte in an extremely complex manner. This development is shown to be inconsistent on logical and empirical grounds, although it is most instructive in highlighting the problems that any theory of progress must face. The major problem is that of the relations between material and moral progress, however defined. Comtean positivism can give no satisfactory account of this, for it is bound, by its methodology, to hold that moral progress necessarily results from material and scientific progress. Comte's enduring contribution to social thought reminds us of the nature of the unsolved problems of progress." From the summary. 1888

SPURZHE1M, JOHANN GASPAR. Observations on the deranged manifestations of the mind, or insanity. A facsimile reproduction of the first American edition of 1833, with an appendix by Amariah Brigham, and with an intro. by Anthony A. Walsh. xiv + viii + 260 pp., plts. Gainesville, Florida: Scholars' Facsimiles and Reprints, 1970. 1889

VEITH, ILZA. "Education for morality": Sex education-Victorian style. Bull. Menninger Clin., 1970,34:292-303. Traces the influence of two physicians, Thomas Beddoes and Elizabeth Blackwell, on 19th-century sex education. 1890

WEISS, EDUARDO. Sigmund Freud as a consultant: Recollections of a pioneer in psychoanalysis. With an intro. by Martin Grotjahn. xv + 82 pp., ports. New York: Intercontinental Medical Book Corp., 1970. 1891

WIDLOCHER, DANIEL. Freud et le probleme du changement. 215 pp., bibl. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. F 30. 1892





ABRAHAMS, HAROLD J.; WYNDHAM D. MILES. Philadelphia medicine in 1841 as seen by a visiting physician. Trans. Stud. Coll. Physns Philad., 1970, 37:295-304. Dr. Milo Linus North, after spending the winter of 184142 in Philadelphia, published three letters (here reproduced) describing the practice of medicine there. "[Hisi impressions of teachers and of the social customs of physicians evoke a picture of the old Philadelphia medical scene that is not described in formal histories and biographies."

1893

BARNSHAW, HAROLD D. The portrait of Dr. William Thomson by Thomas Eakins. Trans. Stud. Coll. Physns Philad., 1970, 38:4143. Brief biographies of Thomson (1833-1907) and Eakins. 1894

BEEBE, RICHARD. Hunter's syndrome: Gargoyles- Washington Irving-"Rip Van Winkle". Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:582-585. Washington Irving seems to have made the first description of Hunter's syndrome in 1835. 1895

BENEDICT, MICHAEL LES. Contagion and the constitution: Quarantine agitation from 1859-1866. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:177-193. "During these years medical men made a vigorous effort to persuade the national government to take responsibility for quarantine regulation. The attempt, which ended in failure, demonstrates how scientific disagreements evolved into constitutional questions and brings into focus the attitudes held by leading statesmen on constitutional issues unrelated to the Civil War." 1896

BENSIDOUN, SYLVAIN. "L'emeute du cholera" de 1892 dans les provinces du Tchernozem-Central. Revue Hist., 1970,243:337-354. 1897

BENSLEY, EDWARD H. Alexis St. Martin and Dr. Bunting. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:101-108. "In 1856 Alexis St. Martin, Beaumont's famous patient and experimental subject, was exhibited in a number of cities in the United States and Canada ... by a Dr. Bunting ... It seems quite clear that, in 1856, Alexis St. Martin fell into the hands of a charlatan." 1898

BERNABEO, RAFFAELE. Francesco Selmi e la scoperta delle "Ptomaine" (1870). Riv. Stor. Med., 1970,14:43-50. 1899

BLANCO, RICHARD L. Henry Marshall (1775-1851) and the health of the British army. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:260-276. Marshall pioneered the compiling of medical statistics. 1900

BLUTH, EDWARD I. James Hope and the acceptance of auscultation. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 2S:202-210. 1901

BOKSAY, G. Dr. Richard Bright and Lake Balaton. Med. Hist., 1970,14:106-107. Besides his medical achievements, Richard Bright (1789- 1858) had many other interests.. "His interest in natural history and phenomena led . . .-to the writing of Travels from Vienna through Lower Hungary. . . The book aroused great interest in Britain, especially as it was one of the first written about the little-known Hungarian people and their coslmtry." Today, at Lake Balaton, Hungary, there is a tablet commemorating Bright's writings on Hungary. 1902

BONNEMAIN, HEN RI. Le Repertoire du praticien de 1901-1 902. Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20: 177-183. "Ainsi se presente ce repertoire du praticien de 1901-1902. Apparemment, on pourrait conclure a la pauvret6 des moyens therapeutiques mis a la disposition du corps medical, surtout pour les affections graves, mais n'oublions pas qu'il s'agit seulement de sp6cialites, les premieres exploit6es, et que le praticien avait, en outre, la possibilite de prescrire, et prescrivait, magistralement ayant au Codex des quanitites de produits a sa disposition dont il usait largement." 1903

BREEDEN, JAMES 0. Joseph Jones and Confederate medical history. Georgia Hist. Q., 1970,54:357-380. Jones rose through the ranks to become one of the Civil War's foremost medical researchers.

1904

BUTLER, THOMAS C. The introduction of chloral hydrate into medical practice. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:168-172. "It is now a little known fact that the pharmacological effect of chloral hydrate had been discovered in 1861 by Rudolf Buchheim, and through the same curiously erroneous line of theoretical reasoning that later led [Oscar] Liebreich to the same discovery ... It is the purpose of this note to call attention to Buchheim's prior discovery and to examine the background of scientific knowledge that led two men independently to experiment with the same compound." 1905

CARRIGAN, JO ANN. Privilege, prejudice, and the stranger's disease in 19th-century New Orleans. J. Southern Hist., 1970, 36:568-578. "In the absence of a scientific explanation for the transmission of [yellow fever], opinions related to social privilege and prejudice filled the vacuum. Medical theories reflected social attitudes, and both reinforced each other."

1906

CIRILLO, VINCENT J. Edward Foote's Medical common sense: An early American comment on birth control. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:341-345. The 1864 edition of this immensely popular work contained a candid advocacy of birth control. 1907

COULTER, HARRIS L. Political and social aspects of 19th-century medicine in the United States: The formation of the American Medical Association and its struggle with homeopathic and eclectic physicians. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4507-A. Dissertation at Columbia Univ., 1969. Univ. Microflms order no. 70-6955. 489 pp. $6.25. 1908



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Medicine 133

COWAN, PETER. Some observations concerning the increase of hospital provision in Londonr between 1850 and 1960.Med. Hist., 1970, 14:42-52. "The rate of hospital provision fluctuates very little during the period despite depressions, wars and all sorts of social and political changes and upheavals ... Despite much conventional wisdom concerning the effect of various pieces of legislation and economic circumstances upon hospital provision, the data here indicate that the current rate of hospital provision is simply a continuation of a long term trend [related to population changes]." 1909

CURJEL, H. E. B. Doctors in the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, M.D. A medical directory. Practitioner, 1970,204:423426. 1910

DOGGART, JAMES. Dickens and the doctors: A centenary causerie. Practitioner, 1970, 204:449453. "Charles Dickens ... could never have settled down to the everyday life of a practising physician, but if his temperament had been steadier he might have done wonders in the field of medicine because he was a remarkably acute observer of disease, especially of mental and neurological disorders." 1911

EICHMANN, ALFRED. Ismar Boas (1858-1938) und die Entwicklung der Gastroenterologie als Spezialfach. (Zurcher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, 73.) 30 pp., bibl. Zurich: Juris, 1970. Sfr 6. 1912

ELLIS, JOHN H. Businessmen and public health in the urban South during the 19th century: New Orleans, Memphis, and Atlanta Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:197-212,346-371. The yellow fever epidemic of "1878 was a turning point in the medical and business history of the urban South. Before the epidemic was over, business launched a public health campaign to establish their cities as viable centers of modern enterprise. Their labors during the 1880's were a major source of civic pride and served as a demonstration for reform politics in the following decade." 1913

L'EPIDEMIA DI COLERA del 1832 a Parigi. Risultati di una inchiesta govemativa. A cura del Guido Rabino. 123 pp., illus. Turin: Minerva Medica, 1969. L 1000. Translation of the Rapport sur la march et les effets du choliramorbus dans Paris et les communes rurales du Departement de la Seine (Paris, 1834). 1914

EXPOSITO, CESAR RODRIGUEZ. Indice de medicos, dentistas, farmaceuticos y estudiantes en la guerra de las Diez A-nos. (Cuadernos de historia de la salud puiblica, 40.) 659 pp., ports., index. Havana: Instituto del Libro, 1968. 1915

FEKETE, SANDOR. Die Geburtshilfe zur Zeit Semmelweis. Clio Medica, 1970,5:35-44. 1916

FISCHER, ARPAD. Il pensiero di [J. F.] Malgaigne 11806-1865] sull'autoplastica ed il trattamento delle cicatrici deturpanti. Riv. Stor. Med., 1970, 14:60-68. 1917

FISCHER-HOMBERGER, ESTHER. Der Begriff "Krankheit" als Funktion aussermedizinischer Gegebenheiten. Zur Geschichte der traumatischen Neurose. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970,54:225-241. Concerned with the 19th and 20th centuries. 1918

FLETCHER, G.; J. I. HARRIS. Pharmacy in Bath during the Regency period. Pharmaceutical Hist., 1970, 1(5):24. From a study of Bath city and parish records the author describes (numerically) the population, distribution of medical and pharmaceutical professions, local hospitals, and their patients during the Regency period (1811-1820). 1919

FRANKLIN, WILLIAM E. Thomas Blackwood, frontier physician. Michigan Hist., 1970, 54:216-230. Blackwood was educated in New York, and practiced in Michigan during the first half of the 19th century. 1920

GALISHOFF, STUART. Cholera in Newark, New Jersey. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:438448. Describes the cholera epidemics of 1832, 1849, and 1854. 1921

GESELEVICH, ANATOLII M. N fikolail I. Pirogov (1810-1881). 62 pp., illus. Moscow: Meditsina, 1969. 1922

GOLDIN, GRACE. A review of hospital literature on the private room in England and the United States during the past century. Episteme, 1970, 4:37-76. 1923

GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT. British parliamentary papers: Health: Food and drugs. 5 vols. Shannon: Irish Univ. Pr., 1969. $314. Reprints of the original papers on these subjects, covering the period 1852-1895. 1924

GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT. British parliamentary papers: Health: Medical profession. 5 vols. Shannon: Irish Univ. Pr., 1968-1969. $339. Reprints of the original papers on these subjects, covering the period 1828-1882. 1925

GUSSOW, ZACHARY; GEORGE S. TRACY. Stigma and the leprosy phenomenon: The social history of a disease in the 19th and 20th centuries. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:425449. 1926

HAMILTON, JOHN BOWEN. Robert Montgomery Bird 11806-1854] , physician and novelist: A case for long-overdue recognition. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:315-331. 1927




HECHTLINGER, ADELAIDE (ed.) The great patent medicine era: Or, Without benefit of doctor. 248 pp., illus. New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1970. $14.95. Selection from books, magazines, almanacs, newspapers, etc. 1928

HILL, BRIAN. A pioneer in surgery: James Wardrop, M.D., F.R.C.S., 1782-1869. Practitioner, 1970, 204:302-306. 1929

HILL, BRIAN. Towards the conquest of pain: Sir James Y. Simpson, Bt, M.D. (1811-1870). Practitioner, 1970, 204:724-729. 1930

HILL, BRIAN. The Wellington of surgery: James Syme, 1799-1870.Practitioner, 1970,204:861-865. 1931

HOLLOWAY, S. Significance of the Apothecaries' Act, 1815. Pharmaceutical Hist., 1970, 1(5):6-9. Though 20th-century historians view the Apothecaries' Act of 1815 as an advance in medical care, contemporary opinion tended to feel it would only "fill the coffers of a herd of ignorant pharmacopolists". 1932

HUARD, PIERRE A.; JEAN THEODORIDES; HANS' SCHADEWALDT. Inventaire d'une pharmacie portative du debut du XIXe siecle. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:255-261. 1933

IZAK, SAMUEL. Le Dr. Frederic Grosz (1799-1858), ophtalmologue et philanthrope. Revue Hist. Med. Heb., 1970,23:53-59. 1934

JAMES, D. GERAINT. Two contrasting 19th-century surgeon dermatologists. MedL Hist., 1970, 14:75-80. Detailed comparison of Erasmus Wilson, 1809-1884, and Jonathan Hutchinson, 1828-1913, "two colourful personalities who not only made distinguished contributions to dermatology but contributed richly to the London medical scene". 1935

JARCHO, SAUL. Yellow fever, cholera, and the beginnings of medical cartography. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:131-142. 1936

JETTER, DIETER. Ein fast vergessenes Kranken- hausprojekt: Das Marinehospital des Benjamin Henry Latrobe (1812). ClioMedica, 1970, 5:133-144. 1937

JONES, RUSSELL M. American doctors in Paris, 1820-1861: A statistical profile. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:143-157. "Identifying many [6161 of the American doctors who studied in Paris, this list thus increases the number of specific cases upon which generalizations concerning how French medicine was transmitted to and influenced American medical culture may be based.'? 1938

JULIEN, PIERRE. Les bains de mer a Saint-Quay. en 1890. Revue Hist. Pharm., 1970, 20:75-82. 1939

KAUFMAN, MARTIN. Homeopathy and the American medical profession, 1820-1960. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4375-A. Dissertation at Tulane Univ., 1969. Chairman: John Duffy. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-6403. 376 pp. $4.80. 1940

KOELBING, HULDRYCH M. Georg Joseph Beer's Lehre von den Augenkrankheiten (Wien 1813-1817) im Zusammenhang mit der Medizin seiner Zeit. Clio Medica, 1970,5:225-248. 1941

LANGTRY, DAVID I. The 1832 epidemic of Asiatic cholera in New Haven, Connecticut. J. Hist. Med., 1970, 25:449476. 1942

LESKY, ERNA. Die Errichtung der beiden Wiener Unfallstationen in Jahre 1909. Acta Chir. Austriaca, 1970, 2(1):3-1 1. 1943

LINK, EUGENE P. Doctors and democracy: New York physicians in the Canadian Rebellion, 1837. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:2481-2488. 1944

MOLLER, HANS JACOB. Apoteker i K$benhavn: Hans Jacob M4llers Dagb4ger for aarene 1885-1906. I uddrag med indledning og noter ved Aage Schaeffer. (Theriaca, 13.) 66 pp., illus., bibl. Copenhagen: Dansk Farmacihistorish Selskab, 1968. 1945

MRTEK, MARSHA; MARVIN M. WEINSTEIN; ROBERT G. MRTEK. The philanthropic contributions of Chicago's first pharmacist-Philo Carpeniter (1805-1886). Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:151-155. 1946

NANNINI, MARCO CESARE. Luigi Emiliani [b. 1772]: Un precursore della moderna semeiotica clinica. Riv. Stor. Med., 1970, 14:36-42. 1947

NIGHTINGALE, FLORENCE. Florence Nightingale at Harley Street: Her reports to the Governors of the nursing home, 18534. With an intro. by Sir Henry Verney. xii + 36 pp. London: Dent, 1970. 12s. 1948

NIGHTINGALE, FLORENCE. Notes on nursing. 79 pp. Princeton: Systems Pr., 1970. $4.95. Facsimile repaint of the 1860 edition. 1949



38. l9th & 20th Centuries: Medicine 135

NUSSEY, JOHN T. M. Walker and Nussey-Royal Apothecaries, 1784-1860. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:81-89. Describes the lives of Richard Walker, Sr., Joseph Nussey, Richard Walker, Jr., and John Nussey, all members of the family firm that served as Royal Apothecaries for nearly ninety years. 1950

OPIE, EUGENE L. Adoption of standards of the best medical schools of Western Europe by those of the United States. Perspect. Biol. Med., 1970, 13:309-342. "The condition of medical education during the 19th century is well illustrated by the medical schools established in Saint Louis. Their history follows." 1951

OSTROWSKA, TERESA. Dynamika procesu rozwojowego Polskiego czasopis'miennictwa lekarskiego w XIX stuleciu. (The dynamics of the development of Polish medical periodicals in the 19th century.) Studia Mater. Dziej. Nauki Pol., Ser. B, 1970,18:33-59. 1952

PELNER, LOUIS. Abraham Jacobi, M.D., 1830-1919, founder of specialty of pediatrics and teacher, writer, lecturer, and1humanitarian. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:2237-2241. 1953

RITCHIE, C. I. A. Icelandic medicine and British travellers in the years 1810 to 1815. Episteme, 1969,3:242-251. 1954

ROGERS, FRED B. Osler and Philadelphia. Trans. Stud. Coll. Physns Philad., 1970,38:118-123. Osler spent the years 1884-1889 in Philadelphia. 1955

SCHILLER, FRANCIS. Syphilis, epilepsy, doctors, biographers-and Flaubert. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:145-155. Flaubert's illness has puzzled 20th-century diagnosticians as well as those of the 19th century. 1956

SCHNECK, JEROME M. Tertius Lydgate in Middlemarch and Thomas Clifford Allbutt. N. Y. St. J. Med., 1970, 70:1086-1090. Discusses the question of whether or not Allbutt (1836- 1925), a distinguished English physician, was the model for Dr. Lydgate in George Eliot's novel. 1957

SEN GUPTA, P. C. Sooro Coomar Goodeve Chuckerbutty: The first Indian contributor to modern medical science. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:183-191. Chuckerbutty (1826?-1874) made contributions to the study of dysentary and cholera and to the diagnosis of typhus. 1958

SHAW, A. BATTY. The Norwich School of Lithotomy.'Med. Hist., 1970,14:221-259. "The purpose of this essay is to give . . . an account of bladder stone at the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital from its opening in 1772 until such stones disappeared from Norfolk in approximately 1909." 1959

SHEPHERD, JOHN A. Spencer Wells-Surgeon RN. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:306-308. "Sir Thomas Spencer Wells was in the last century an acknowledged leader of the surgical establishment, President of the Royal College of Surgeons and a notable pioneer in abdominal surgery." An abridgement of a longer paper. 1960

SIE&KOWSKI, EUGENIUSZ. Rozw6j chirurgii zotadka w Polsce. (The development of clinical stomach surgery in Poland.) Studia Mater. Dzief. Nauki Pol., Ser. B, 1970, 18:61-116. Most of the discussion centers on developments in the late 19th and early 20th century. 1961

SONNEDECKER, GLENN. The Pharmacopeia and America-1 50 years of service. Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:156-169. 1962

STECHL, PETER. Biological standardization of drugs before 1928. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3894-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Wisconsin, 1969. Supervisor: Glenn Sonnedecker. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-16991. 327 pp. $ 4.20. "The aim of the author has been to clarify and explain the structure of biological standardization from its infancy to a maturity that matched the essential requirements of a quantitative science, basically a reproducibility of results within weil defined margins of error." 1963

STEVENSON, LLOYD G. The emergence of American medicine in the 19th century. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1969,11:455-466. 1964

STIEB, ERNST W. Edward Buckingham Shuttleworth, 1842-1934. Pharmacy Hist., 1970, 12:91-116. Shuttleworth was a pharmacist, bacteriologist, educator, and editor. 1965

STIEB, ERNST W. History of the American College of Apothecaries. The first quarter century, 1940- 1965. lWashington, D.C.]: American College of Apothecaries in cooperation with The American Institute of the History of Pharmacy, 1970. $5 (paper). 1966

STRANSKY, EUGENE. Contributions to the history of chloroleukemia. Episteme, 1970,4:157-167. Deals primarily with developments in the 19th century. Includes a bibliography of 94 citations to source materials. 1967

STRANSKY, EUGENE. On the history of "pseudoleukemia". Episteme, 1970,4:3-18. Julius Cohnheim introduced the term "pseudoleukaemia" in 1865. 1968



136 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Medicine, Technology

STROJNOWSKI, JERZY. J6zef Oettinger, pierwszy habilitowany docent i profesor historii medycyny na Polskim uniwersytecie, 1818-1895. (J6sef Oettinger, the first professor of the history of medicine at a Polish university.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:57-69. 1969

TAIT, H. P. No medicine for the poor: A gleaning from Scottish Victoriana. Practitioner, 1970, 205:373-374. An excerpt from the minutes of a Parochial Board in which a Parliamentary Grant of ?10,000 for medical aid for the poor was turned down.

1970

VALENTIN, BRUNO. Freiwilleges Hinken, Claudicatio spontanea (Coxalgia, Coxarthrocace, Arthrokologie, Coxitis). Clio Medica, 1970, 5:69-71 "Um 1800 taucht in der medizinischen Literature ein neues Krankheitszeichen auf, ilber dessen Aetiologie anfangs die verschiedensten Meinungen geaussert wurden. Gemeint ist die auch heute noch mitunter zu findende Bezeichnung 'freiwilliges Hinken' (Claudicatio spontanea)."

1971

VAN HEYNINGEN, W. E. Cholera toxin. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 1970,114:395-397. Includes some historical material on cholera in the 19th century.

1972

VAN ZWANENBERG, DAVID. The last epidemic of plague in England? Suffolk, 1906-1918. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:63-74. "This account of the epidemic was compiled with the aid of contemporary sources such as newspapers, letters, minutes of committees and coroner's depositions, together with information from one of the survivors, from several near relatives of the victims, as well as from official reports."

1973

WALSER, HANS H. Everyday life in a European hospital in the 1 830s and 1 840s. Conrad Faesi- Gessner's drawings of the old Zurich hospital. J. Hist. Med., 1970,25:22-30. 1974

WONDRXK, EDUARD. Die Militdirhospitaler wahrend der napoleonischen Kriege in Mahren. Medizinhist. J., 1970, 5:54-58. 1975

WOODFORD, LEONARD. A medical student's career in the early 19th century. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:90-95. Based on William Dent's correspondence with his family, the article describes Dent's two years as a medical student at St. Thomas's Hospital, London.

1976

ZANDER, ROBERT. Die franzosischen HospitMler in der Festung Torgau 1813/14. Sudhoffs Arch., 1969, 53:397421. 1977

h. Technology (includes engineering, mining, mechanical inventions, horology, arts and crafts, military technology, agricultural technology)

ATTLMAYR, ERNST. Johann Kravogls Maschinen. Beitr. Technikgesch. Tirols, 1969, 1:58-68. 1978

AVERBUKH, A. IA. Iz istorii razrabotki teori napravlennogo vzryva. (From the history of the development of the guided explosion theory.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969,28:50-51. Deals mainly with developments in the 19th century. 1979

BEAVER, PATRICK. The Crystal Palace, 1851-1936: A portrait of Victorian enterprise. 151 pp., illus. London: Evelyn, 1970. ?3.75. 1979a

BRITTAIN, JAMES E. The introduction of the loading coil: George A. Campbell and Michael I. Pupin. Technology Cult., 1970,11:36-57. When loading coils were added to telephones in 1900 they doubled their effective calling distance. Michael I. Pupin received most of the acclaim for this invention. Two other less known but worthy claimants to the invention were Oliver Heaviside and George A. Campbell. See also the reply to this paper in Technology Cult., 1970, 11:596-603. 1980

BROWN, JOYCE M. W. B. Wilkinson (1819-1902) and his place in the history of reinforced concrete. Trans. Newcomen Soc., 1966-67 (pub. 1970), 39:129-142. 1981

BYRN, EDWARD WRIGHT. The progress of invention in the 19th century. 476 pp., illus. New York: Russel & Russell, 1970. Reprint of the 1900 edition. 1982

The CAMPBELL-PUPIN loading coil controversy. Technology Cult., 1970,11:596-603. Brief replies by Lloyd Espenschied, Joseph Gray Jackson, and John G. Brainard to James E. Brittain, "The introduction of the loading coil: George A. Cambpell and Michael I. Pupin." Technology Cult., 1970,11:36-57. 1983

CATTANEO, CARLO. Scritti scientifici e tecnici. Tomo 1: 1823-1848. A cura di Carlo G. Lacaita. (Pubblicazioni dell'Instituto Italiano per la Storia della Technica, Sezione 2: Carteggi, 1.) Florence: Barbera, 1968. L 7000. 1984



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Technology 137

CHAPELLE, HOWARD I.; LEON D. POLLAND. The Constellation question. Part 1: The story of the Constellation, by Howard I. Chapelle. Part 2: Com- ments on "The story of the Constellation", by Leon D. Polland. Part 3: An outline of the present restoration, by Leon D. Polland. (Smithsonian studies in history and technology, 5.) 152 pp., illus., bibl., index. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Pr., 1970. 1985

CLEMENTS, PAUL. Marc Isambard Brunel. xv + 270 pp., 20 plts., illus., ports., index. Harlow: Longmans, 1970. 65s. 1986

COOKSEY, A. J. The Wren and Hopkinson horizontal cross compound engine, c. 1870. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:165-170. 1987

CORRINS, R. D. The great hot-blast affair. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:233-263. "Although it would be mistaken to ascribe the dramatic development of any industry to one single technical advance, the hot-blast process of smelting iron [invented by James Beaumont Neilson in the 1830s] has been rightly described as the most important single innovation ... in the age of iron." 1988

COTTRELL, LEONARD. Up in a balloon. 192 pp. New York: Phillips, 1970. Popular history of the beginnings of balloon flight. 1989

DEWHURST, P. C.; HAROLD HOLCROFT. The Fairlie locomotive, Part II: Later designs and productions. Trans. Newcomen Soc., 1966-67 (pub. 1970), 39:1-34. 1990

DICKSON, WILLIAM K. L.; ANTONIA DICKSON. History of the kinetograph, kinetoscope, and kinetophonograph. 55 pp., illus., ports. New York: Arno, 1970. Reprint of the 1895 edition. 1991

DIRKZWAGER, J. M. Dr. B. J. Tideman, 1834-1883, grondlegger van de moderne scheepsbouw in Nederland. (Tideman, founder of modern ship- building in the Netherlands.) x + 243 pp., port., plts., illus., bibl., index. Leiden: Brill, 1970. 1992

ELLIOTT, ARLENE. The rise of aeronautics in California, 1849-1940. S. Calif. Q., 1970, 52(1): 1-32. 1993

FAIRBAIRN, WILLIAM. The life of Sir William Fairbairn, partly written by himself, ed. and completed by William Pole. With an intro. by A. E. Musson. xxiii + xvi + 507 pp., plts., illus., index. Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1970. ?5 5s. 1994

FLINK, JAMES J. America adopts the automobile, 1895-1910. xiii + 343 pp., illus., bibl., index. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $12.50. 1995

FRANKFURTER CHEMISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT. Protokolle der Chemischen Gesellschaft in Frankfurt a. M., 1869-1896. (Documents aus Hoechster Archiven, 41.) xii + 283 pp. Frankfurt am Main: Farbwerke Hoechst AG, 1970. Facsimile reproduction of manuscript material in the Hoechst archives. 1996

GERBER, GERALD E. James Kirke Paulding and the image of the machine. Am. Q., 1970, 22:736-741. Before 1830 the words "machine", "engine", "manufacture", and "industry" began to gain negative shades of meaning, in part through the poems and stories of Paulding. 1997

GESCHlCHTE DER NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN und der Technik in 19. Jahrhundert. 6. Gesprach der Georg-Agricola-Gesellschaft. (Technikgeschichte in Einzeldarstellungen, 16.) 197 pp. Dusseldorf: VDI Verlag, 1970. DM 26. Contents: Alwin Diemer: Der Begriff Wissenschaft und seine Entwicklung im 19. Jahrhundert. Karl-Heinz Manegold: Die Entwicklung der Technischen Hochschule Hannover zur wissenschaftlichen Hochschule. Ein Beitrag zum Thema "Verwissenschaftlichung der Technik im 19. Jahrhundert". Matthias Riedel: Die Entwicklung von Clausthal zur wissenschaftlichen Hochschule. Walter Ruske: Wirtschafts- politik, Unternehmertum und Wissenschaft am Beispiel der chemischen Industrie Berlins. Heinz Gummert: Entwicklung neuer technischer Methoden unter Anwendung wissenschaftlicher Erkentnisse im Bereich der deutschen Schwer- industrie, gezeigt am Beispiel der Firma Krupp, Essen. Ferdinand Trendelenburg: Die Verwissenschaftlichung der Technik im Bereich der elektrotechliischen Industrie, gezeigt am Beispiel aus der Forschung des Hauses Siemens. 1998

GOETEL, WALERY. StaniAtaw Staszic (1755-1826). Na 50 lecie Akademii G6miczo-Hutniczej im. Stanistawa Staszica w Krakowie. 57 pp., illus., port., bibl. Krakow: Pan'stwowe Wydawn, Naukowe, 1969. 1999

GOLLOB, HEDWIG. Das Wiener Polytechnische Institut und seine ersten Finanzierungsversuche in der napoleonischen Zeit. Bl Tech.-Gesch., 1969, 31:103-107. 2000

GREAT BRITAIN, BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. The agricultural state of the kingdom, 1816. With an intro. by Gordan E. Mingay. xvi + 436 pp. New York: Kelley, 1970. Facsimile reprint of the London 1816 edition. 2001

GREAT BRITAIN, COMMITTEE ON THE MACHINERY OF THE U.S. The American system of manufacturers. The report of the Committee on the Machinery of the United States, 1855, and the speical reports of George Wallis and Joseph Whitworth, 1854. Ed. with an intro. by Nathan Rosenberg. viii + 440 pp., index. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Pr., 1969. 2002



138 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Technology

GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT. British parliamentary papers: Education, scientific and technical: First report and second report from the Royal Commission on Technical Instruction, with appendices, 1882-1884. 626 pp. Shannon: Irish Univ. Pr., 1970. ?32 3s. Facsimile reprint of the London 1882-1884 edition. 2003

GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT. British parliamentary papers: Trade and industry: Explosives. Shannon: Irish Univ. Pr., 1968. $58. The first volume of a two-volume reprint of the original papers on this subject, orignially published in 1874. 2004

GUTMANN, VIKTOR. More light. A short historical sketch of Carl Auer von Welsbach. J. Chem. Educ., 1970, 47:209-211. "He discovered and characterized three new elements; he invented the incandescent gas light (which ushered in the gaslight era we celebrate); and he invented the Osram electric lamp and the pyrophoric metal which sparks every cigarette lighter." 2005

HILLS, RICHARD L. Power in the Industrial Revolution. ix + 274 pp., 13 plts., illus., bibl. Manchester: Manchester Univ. Pr., 1970. 80s. 2006

HOLZL, JOSEF; ENGELBERT BANCHER; FRANZ KOTLAN. Simon Plossl (1794-1868), Optiker und Mechaniker in Wien. (Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Plossl-Mikroskope.) BI. Tech.-Gesch., 1969, 31:45-89. 2007

HOHENAUER, GOTTFRIED. Leonhard von Liebener, ein Pionier der Technik in Tirol. Zu seinem 100. Todestag am 9. Februar 1969. Bl. Tech.-Gesch., 1969,31:1-43. 2008

JAMIESON, MICHAEL. The railway Stephensons. 32 pp., illus., bibl. Newcastle upon Tyne: Oriel Pr., 1970. 6s (paper). Concerning George and Robert Stephenson and their work in railway development in the 19th century. 2009

JUST, KLAUS GUNTHER. Ein schlesischer Raumfahrtroman der Jahrhundertwende: Kurd Lasswitz Auf zwei Planeten. Pp. 129-133 in Alfons Hayduk (ed.) Schlesische Studien. Munich: Delp, 1970. 2010

KUZIN, ALEKSANDR A. Karl Marx und Probleme der Technik. Ubers. und Bearb.: A. Kraus. 122 pp., bibl. Leipzig: Fachbuchverlag VEB, 1970. 2011

LIDDEL, WILLIAM A. The development of science in the American glass industry, 1880-1940. Diss. Abs. nt., 1970,30:3381-A. Dissertation at Yale Univ., 1953. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-2840. 297 pp. $3.85. 2012

LOSER, WOLFGANG. Der Bau unterirdischer Telegraphenlinien in Preussen von 1844-1867. NTM, 1969, 6(2):52-67. 2013

MAJER, JIRI. Snahy o zrflzeni Bd'nsk6 Akademie v Cechach v letech 182949. (Efforts towards the founding of a mining academy in Bohemia in the years 182949). De'jiny VMd Tech., 1970, 3:65-75. 2014

MANEGOLD, KARL-HEINZ. Universitat, Technische Hochschule und Industrie: Ein Beitrag zur Emanzipation der Technik im 19. Jahrhundert unter besonderer Beruicksichtigung der Bestrebungen Felix Kleins. (Schriften zur Wirschafts- und Sozial- geschichte, 16.) 330 pp., bibl., index. Berlin: Duncker und Humbolt, 1970. DM 58.60. 2015

MC KEARIN, HELEN. Bottles, flasks and Dr. Dyott. 160 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Crown, 1970. $5.95. PopuLlar biography of Thomas W. Dyott, 19th-century plharmacist, medicine man, and manufacturer of blown glass. 2016

MOLLAT, MICHEL. Les origins de la navigation a vapeur. Travaux prepares sous la direction de Michel Mollat. (Publications de la Faculte des Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Paris-Sorbonne, Acta 1.) 206 pp., plts., index. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. 2017

MUSGRAVE, P. W. (ed.) Sociology, history and education: A reader. Ed. with an intro. viii + 293 pp., index. London: Methuen, 1970. ?3. Partial contents: P. W. Musgrave: The definition of technical education, 1860-1910. P. W. Musgrave: Constant factors in the demand for technical education, 1860-1960. P. W. Musgrave: Metallurgy and the Department of Science and Art, 1870-1900. 2018

MUTTON, NORMAN. Eardington Forges and canal tunnel. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:53-59. A discussion of the industrial archaeology of iron forges at Eardington on the River Severn about 3 miles below Bridgnorth, where iron was made between 1777 and 1889; and a discussion of a short, navigable canal joining the upper and lower forges, and running underground for almost its whole length. 2019



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Technology 139

NICHOLS, ROGER L. Soldiers as farmers: Army agriculture in the Missouri Valley, 1818-1827. Agric. Hist., 1970,44:213-222. "During the decade following the War of 1812, the military frontier preceded the settlers' frontier in the Missouri Valley, and for a time soldiers became pioneer farmers. They plowed, planted, cultivated and harvested many common crops, and also raised large herds of cattle and hogs for their own food. While doing this, these soldier-farmers experienced most of the difficulties and troubles that civilians encountered later when the fringes of settlement extended westward beyond the Missouri. Tlserefore, for the historian of American agricultural development, frontier military history can provide a wealth of pertinent material." 2020

NICHOLSON, TIMOTHY R. Passenger cars, 1863- 1904. Illus. by Johin W. Wood, et al. 156 pp., illus., index. London: Blanford, 1970. 25s. 2021

PETREE, J. FOSTER. Charles Wye Williams (1779- 1866), a pioneer in steam navigation and fuel efficiency. Trans. Newcomen Soc., 1966-67 (pub. 1970),39:3545. 2022

PHILLIPS, JOHN. Poillips' inland navigation. ix + xix + 598 pp., illus. New York: Kelley, 1970. Reprint, with-a new introduction by Charles Hadfield, of the 1805 edition originally published under title: A general history of inland navigation.

2023

RASKIN, NAUM MIKHAILOVICH. Zhozef Nisefor N'eps, Lui Zhak Mande Dagerr, Vil'iam Genri Foks Talbot. (Joseph Nicephore Niepce, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre, William Henry Fox Talbot.) 188 pp., illus., ports., bibl. Leningrad: Nauka, 1967. 2024

READER, W. J. Imperial Chemical Industries: A history. Vol. I: The forerunners, 1870-1926. xvi + 563 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1970. $17.50. 2025

REES, ABRAHAM. Rees's clocks, watches, and chronometers (1819-20): A selection from the Cyclopaedia, or Universal dictionary of arts, sciences, and literature. viii + 295 pp., illus. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle, 1970. $ 10. 2026

REES, ABRAHAM. Rees's naval architecture, 1819-20: [A selection from] The cyclopaedia, or, Universal dictionary of arts, sciences, and literature. [91 + 183 pp., 33 plts. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1970. ?6 6s. 2027

REINGOLD, NATHAN. Alexander Dallas Bache: Science and technology in the American idiom. Technology Cult., 1970,11:163-177. "Tlie attitudes I find in Bache help explain why in contemporary America there is usually concern over basic research and relative complacency about technology, while the reverse is true in Europe. We take applied work for granted and worry about basic research because we increasingly assume that basic research is vulnerable and important for its own sake and that the way to solve practical problems is by applying science and scientists." 2028

ROBERTS, KENNETH D. The contributions of Joseph Ives to Connecticut clock technology, 1810- 1862. xiv + 338 pp., illus., port., bibl. Bristol, Conn.: American Clock and Watch Museum, 1970. 2029

ROLT, LIONEL THOMAS CASWELL. Victorian engineering. 300 pp., 48 plts., illus., bibl., index. London: Lane, 1970. 63s. 2030

ROOSENS, L. Bijdrage tot het invoeren van de kalotypie in Belgie. (Essay on the introduction of the calotype in Belgium.) Scientiarum Hist., 1970, 12:73-78. 2031

ROS, H. Early history of the steamship in China. Pp. 141-148 in Studies in Asian History, Proceedings of the Asian History Congress. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1969. 2032

ROSENBERG, NATHAN. Economic development and the transfer of technology. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:550-575. "The main thrust of this paper is to pose problems for the international transfer of technology which emerge from an examination of earlier-primarily 19th-century-mechanisms through which such transfers have taken place." 2033

ROWE, D. J. The Victoria tunnel. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:40-52. 2034

RUNGE, WILHELM T. Geschichte der Funken- telegraphie. Technik-Geschichte, 1970, 37:146-166. 2035

RUSSO, GIUSEPPE. Ettore Vitale, ingegnere napoletano (1844-1935). 53 pp., 16 plts. Naples: Societa del Risanamento di Napoli, 1968. 2036

SANDLER, STANLEY. The emergence of the modern capital ship. Technology Cult., 1970, 11:576-595. Deals with the introduction (in the 1860s and 1870s) of mastless turreted warships into the English navy. 2037

SCHUMACHER, MARTIN. Zweckbau und Industrie- schloss: Fabrikbauten der rheinisch-westfalischen Textilindustrie vor der Griindungszeit. Tradition, Z. Firmengesch., 1970, 15:148. 2038



140 38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Technology

SHOWALTER, DENNIS E. Railroads and rifles: The influence of technological development on German military thought and practice, 1815-1866. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:5395-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Minnesota, 1969. Director: Otto Pflanze. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-20095. 545 pp. $6.95. 2039

SMITH, NORMAN A. F. Victorian technology and its preservation in modern Britain. A report submitted to Leverhulme Trust. xi + 74 pp. Leicester: Leicester Univ. Pr.; New York: Humanities Pr., 1970. 20s. With an appendix containing a list of technological collections in Great Britain. 2040

SNELDERS, H. A. M. De Delftse apotheker en chemicus Petrus Johannes Kipp (1808-1864). Scientiarum Hist., 1970,12:79-92. "Kipp is still known as the inventor of a compact and simple gas generator, which bears his name (1844). His busy activities in his pharmacy and his trade in scientific instruments were the reason that Kipp had but little time for scientific work. He published a nunmber of short communications about scientific instruments and he translated books of C. Noback, F. W6hler, C. Steinberg, and C. F. Plattner. In this article a survey is given of the life and work of Kipp. In addition the trade in scientific instruments and the academic education in Delft are summarized." From the English summary. 2041

SPENCE, CLARK C. Mining engineers and the American West: The lace-boot brigade, 1849-1933. (Yale Western Americana series, 22.) xii + 407 pp., illus., map, ports., bibl. New Haven: Yale Univ. Pr., 1970. $12.50. 2042

TAGAYA, HIROSHI. On the American balance brought to Japan by M. C. Perry. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1970, 9:162-169. 2043

TAYLOR, PAUL S. Reclamation-The rise and fall of an American idea. Am. West, 1970, 7(4):27-33, 63. Financial, political and social problems involved in the irrigation of the arid West. The period covered is from the first Irrigation Congress in 1891 to the-passage of the National Reclamation Bill in 1902. 2044

TREUE, WILHELM. Dinglers Polytechnisches Journal- eine historische Zeitschrift. Technik-Geschichte, 1970,37:1-12. 2045

TSIOLKOVSKII, KONSTANTIN E. Selected works. Comp. by V. N. Sokolsky. General editor: A. A. Blagonravov. Trans. from the Russian by G. Yankovsky. 337 pp., port. Moscow: Mir, 1968. 2046

VANCOUVER, CHARLES. General view of the agriculture of the county of Devon. With observations on the means of its improvement. A reprint of the work drawn up for the consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement. xii + 479 pp., map. Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1969. Facsimile reprint of the London 1808 edition.

2047

VOGEL, ROBERT M. Speculations on the history and original appearance of the last Bollman truss. Ind. Archaeol., 1970, 7:424438. The last truss was built at Savauge, Maryland about 1869.

2048

VOLIN, LAZAR. A century of Russian agriculture, from Alexander II to Krushchev. (Russian Research Center studies, 63.) viii + 644 pp. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $18.50. 2049

WELSCH, FRITZ. Die Entwicklung der Torf- und Braunkohlenverkokung im Verlaufe der letzen 150 Jahre in Deutschland. NYIM, 1969, 6(2):37-51. 2050

WHITEHEAD, ROBERT A. The age of the traction engine. 96 pp., illus. London: Allan, 1970. 35s. 2051

WILLIAMS, ALFRED. Life in a railway factory. A reprint [London, 1915] with a new intro. by Leonard Clark. [10] + xiii + 315 pp. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1969. 63s. 2052

YOUNG, ARTHUR. General view of the agriculture of the County of Sussex. A reprint of the work drawn up for the consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement. viii + 481 pp., illus., maps. New York: Kelley, 1970. Reprint of the 1813 edition.

2053

YOUNG, ARTHUR. General view of the agriculture of Lincolnshire. A reprint of the work drawn up for the consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement. vii ?+ 490 pp., 10 plts., illus., maps. Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1970. ?5 5s. Reprint of the 1813 edition.

2054

ZIL'MANOVICH, DMITRII IA. Teodor Kalep, 1866-1913. 171 pp., illus., bibl. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 2055

ZNACHKO-IAVORSKII, IGOR L. Egor Gerasimovich Chelidze (1771-c. 1838)-Izobretatel' tsementa. 76 pp., illus. Tbilisi: Sabchota Sakartevlo, 1969. 2056



38. 19th & 20th Centuries: Pseudo-Sciences 39. Contemporary: General 141


ABENDROTH, WALTER. Rudolf Steiner und die heutige Welt. Ein Beitrag zur Diskussion um die menschliche Zukunft. 234 pp., bibl., index. Munich: List, 1969. DM 16.80. 2057

DE GIUSTINO, DAVID A. Phrenology in Britain, 1815-1855: A study of George Combe and his circle. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:5373-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Wisconsin, 1969. Supervisor: John F. C. Harrison. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-22369. 362 pp. $4.65.

2058

GALBREATH, ROBERT. Tradition and modern elements in the occultism of Rudolf Steiner. J. Pop. Cult., 1969,3:451-467. 2059

GURNEY, EDMUND; FREDERIC W. H. MYERS; FRANK PODMORE. Phantasms of the living (1886). A facsimile reproduction with an intro, by Leonard R. N. Ashley. 2 vols.; xi + lxxxiv + 573 pp.; xxvii + 733 pp. Gainseville, Florida: Scholars' Facsimiles and Reprints, 1970. 2060


HS 39. CONTEMPORARY SCIENCES (from c.1914)

a. General histories and histories of science; philosophy (includes biographies, the items under B? philosophy, theological writings relating to scientific problems)

ALDERMAN, HAROLD G. Heidegger's critique of science.Personalist, 1969,50:549-558. 2061

BOYDSTON, JO ANN (ed.) Guide to the works of John Dewey. xv + 396 pp., index. Carbondale: Southern Illinois Univ. Pr.; London: Feffer and Simons, 1970. $15. 2062

BUSH, VANNEVAR. Pieces of the action. ix + 366 pp., bibl., index. New York: Morrow, 1970. $8.95. 2063

CONANT, JAMES B. My several lives: Memoirs of a social inventor. xvi + 701 pp., ports., bibl., index. New York: Harper, 1970. $12.50. 2064

CROWTHER, JAMES G. Fifty years with science. 348 pp., index. London: Barrie and Jenkins, 1970. ?3.50. 2065

DEREGIBUS, ARTURO. Scienza, tecnica e demo- crazia del pensiero di John Dewey. Lezioni introduttive al corso di storia della filosofia moderna e contemporanea. Anno accademico 1968-69. 80 pp., bibl. Turin: Giappichelli, 1969. L 1 000. 2066

DUFFEY, JOSEPH D. Lewis Mumford's philosophy of technology and culture. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5079-A. Dissertation at the Hartford Seminary Foundation, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7910. 317 pp. $4.10. 2067

ENGLAND, J. MERTON. Interesting times-The NSF since 1960. Mosaic, 1970, 1(1):3-7. 2068

FURTH, CHARLOTTE. Ting Wen-Chiang: Science and China's new culture. (Harvard East Asian series, 42.) vii + 307 pp., bibl. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. On the great pioneer geologist (1887-1936) and his involvement in "the dilemmas which confronted the educated Chinese elite as it struggled to provide social and political guidance" between 1911 and 1949. A penetrating study of this large issue, although completely inadequate in its brief and journalistic discussion of Ting's scientific activity. N. SIVIN 2069

HARTCUP, GUY. The challenge of war: Scientific and engineering contributions to World War II. 295 pp., illus., ports., bibl., index. Newton Abbot: David and Charles, 1970. 65s. 2070

HOLTON, GERALD (ed.) The making of modern science: Biographical studies. Daedalus (Boston), 1970,99:723-1120. Contents: Gerald Holton: Introduction. Erik H. Erikson: Autobiographic notes on the identity crisis. Edward Shils: Tradition, ecology, and institution in the history of sociology. Talcott Parsons: On building social system theory: A personal history. Curt Stern: The continuity of genetics. Gunther S. Stent: DNA. Robert Olby: Francis Crick. DNA, and the central dogma. Linus Pauling: Fifty years of progressin structurakthemistryand molecularbiology. Gerald Holton: The roots of complementarity. A lpin M. Weinberg: Scientific teams and scientific laboratories. R. R. WVilson: My fight against team research. W. 0. Baker: Computers as information-processing machines in modern science.

2071



142 39. Contemporary: General

HOPPS, DONALD W. Teilhard de Chardin and the vision of the scientific state: A critical evaluation. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:5043-A. Dissertation at Univ. of Washington, 1969. Chairman: William Harbold. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-8460. 180 pp. $3. Teilhard de Chardin "foresees the confluence of politics and science in a scientific state as a key step in the movement of evolution to its final end: the confrontation of humanity with Christ." 2072

HUTCHINSON, ERIC. Scientists as an inferior class: The early years of the DSIR. Minersa, 1970, 8:396-411. "The inferior status of scientists in government employment ... is not new. The marked discrepancies in responsibility and prestige which still distinguish the adminstrator from the scientist in the British civil service have their roots in the earliest associationi of the government with the administration of science and scientists, and can be seen in the policies set by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) during its early years. I propose to show that though the whole activity of the DSIR had to do with science, either with the training of young scientists or with the performance of scientific work, the economic rewards varied greatly, depending on whether one was carrying out research or administering the program of research from Whitehall." See also the paper by Ian Varcoe cited in the present CB. 2073

KEDROV, BONIFATII MIKHAILOVICH. Lenin i revoliutsii v estestvoznanii XX veka. (Lenin and the revolution in the science of the 20th century.) 397 pp. Moscow: Nauka, 1969. 2074

KILEY, JOHN F. Einstein and Aquinas: A rapprochement. Foreword by W. E. Carlo. xli + 123 pp., bibl., index. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1969. Fl 20.70. Contents: The epistemology of Einstein. A metaphysical analysis of Einstein's view of reality. The metaphysical foundations of Einstein's epistemology. 2075

KUO, DAVID DAH-CHUEN. The impact of science on Dewey's ethics. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3055-A. Dissertation at Southern Illinois Univ., 1969. Supervisor: S. Morris Eames. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70435. 128 pp. $3. The science is principally that in Darwin's Origin of species. 2076

LUCKENBUCH, SIDNEY A. From logical positivism to logical empiricism and hypercritical realism: The philosophy of science of Herbert Feigl. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4496-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Pittsburgh, 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-5378. 275 pp. $3.55. 2077

MAYS, WOLFE. Whitehead and the philosophy of time. Studium Generale, 1970,23:509-524. "In this paper I examine the approach of philosphers and others interested in describing our direct human experience of time, and the difficulties involved in reconciling such descriptions of time with those given by scientists. The views of Merleau-Ponty and Husserl are compared with those of Whitehead. I consider Whitehead's attempt by means of his Method of Extensive Abstraction to bridge the gap between the time of human experience and that of science, and examine the cogency of Griunbaum's criticism of this method. I discuss Whitehead's account of congruence, which for him is connected with our recognition of sameness or uniformity. I next consider Whitehead's views on simultaneity and Northrop's and Grilbaum's criticisms of them, and point out that Whitehead was concerned with simultaneity in sense-experience rather than instantaneous- ness in physics, and that his account of simultaneity is an epistemological rather than a causal one. I conclude that Whitehead, unlike Grubaum does not believe that there is necessarily an isomorphism between the structure of the mathematical continuum and that of physical time." From the summary. 2078

PARKINSON, GEORGE H. R. Bertrand Russell, 1872-1970. StudiaLeib., 1970, 2:161-170. Surveys Russell's work in philosophy and mathematical logic. 2079

SUTTMEIER, RICHARD P. The Chinese Academy of Sciences: Institutional change in a research-oriented organization. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:5047-A. Dissertation at Indiana Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-1510. 279 pp. $3.60. Deals with "the first decade 11949-19591 of scientific development in the Chinese People's Republic". 2080

TEILHARD DE CHARDIN: Re-mythologization. Three papers on the thought of Teilhard de Chardin presented at a symposium at Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, Evanston, Illinois, September, 1968. 101 pp., illus. Chicago: Peacock, 1970. Contents: Robert Speaight: Theilhard de Chardin the man. J. V. Langmead Casserly: Teilhard de Chardin as theologian. Robert V. Wilshire: Teilhard de Chardin as philosopher. 2081

THERRIEN, VINCENT. La revolution de Gaston Bachelard en critique litteraire, ses fondements, ses techniques, sa portee. Du nouvel esprit scientifique a un nouvel esprit litteraire. xviii + 400 pp., port., plt., bibl., index. Paris: Klincksieck, 1970. 2082

TOBEY, RONALD C. The new sciences and democratic society: The American ideology of national science, 1919-1930. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:3894-A. Dissertation at Cornell Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-539. 390 pp. $5. 2083

VARCOE, IAN. Scientists, government and organised research in Great Britain, 1914-16: The early history of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. Minerva, 1970, 8:192-216. See also the paper by Eric Hutchinson, cited in the present CB. 2084

WATLING, JOHN. Bertrand Russell. 119 pp. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1970. 2085



39. Contemporary: General-Physical Sciences 143

WEAVER, WARREN. Scene of change: A lifetime in American science. xi + 226 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Scribner, 1970. $%7.50. A brief, well-written but superficial autobiography by an American mathematician best known for his role as a foundation official. N. REINGOLD 2086

WU YUAN-LI; ROBERT B. SCHEEKS. The organization and support of scientific research and development in mainland China. Assisted by Lawrence J. Lau, Grace Wu. Under the direction and editorial supervision of Ralph J. Watkins. xxii + 593 pp. New York: Praeger, for the National Science Foundation, 1970. 2087

ZURAWICKA, JANINA. Struktura Polskiego srodowiska naukowego w swietle materiatow pozostatych po "Minerwie Polskiej". (The structure of Polish scientific circles in the light of materials left by "Minerwa Polska".) Studia Mater. Dziej. Nauki Pol., Ser. E, 1970, 4:153-198. Codification of material gathered in an unfinished attempt to publish a register of Polish scientists and scientific institutions in 1946. 2088


ELBRINK, LARRY C. The life and works of Dr. John August Swenson, mathematics educator, 1880- 1944. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:2722-A. Dissertation at Ohio State Univ., 1969. Adviser: Nathan Lazar. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-22124. 140 pp. $3. 2089

GANDY, ROBIN 0. Bertrand Russell and Principia mathematica. New Scient., 1970, 45:314-315. 2090

HARDY, GODFREY H. Bertrand Russell and Trinity. A facsimile reproduction, with a foreword by C. D. Broad. xiii + 61 pp. London: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 1970. 16s. 2091

KLEMKE, E. D. (ed.) Essays on Bertrand Russell. xi + 458 pp., bibl., index. Urbana, Ill.: Univ. Illinois Pr., 1970. $10.95. Part 3 contains essays on Russell's philosophy of logic and mathematics. 2092

KURATOWSKI, KAZIMIERZ. The Polish Mathe- matical Society between the two World Wars. Rev. PoL Acad. Sci., 1970, 15:73-77. 2093

LEVIN, MICHAEL E. Wittgenstein's philosophy of mathematics. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:4494-A. Dissertation at Columbia Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7017. 526 pp. $6.70. 2094

MORDELL, L. J. Hardy's A mathematician's apology. Am. Math. Mon., 1970, 77:831-836. "A reprint of this most interesting book appeared in 1967 with a foreword by C. P. Snow [G. H. Hardy, A mathematician's apology, foreword by C. P. Snow. Cambridge: University Press, 1967 ] Hardy's friend of long standing. It has often been reviewed and highly praised, but there are, however, some opinions expressed by Hardy which, perhaps, have not been adequately dealt with by other reviewers. Furthermore, Snow's foreword calls for some comment, especially his references to Ramanujan (1887- 1920) ..." 2095

SIKORSKI, ROMAN. The Polish Mathematical Society in the 25 years of People's Poland. Rev. Pol. Acad. Sci., 1970,15:78-85. An anecdotal history of the Society from 1945-1970. 2096

WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG. Philosophische Grammatik. Hrsg. von Rush Rees. 491 pp., illus. Oxford: Blackwell, 1969. 70s. 2097


ANDERSON, PHILIP W. How Josephson discovered his effect. Physics Today, 1970, 23(1 1):23-29. "The discovery of what we have ever since called the 'Josephson effect' took place while I was visting Cambridge, England, for a sabbatical year in 1961-62. Recenitly, when I travelled to Kyoto to accept the London Prize on Brian Josephson's behalf, I put together some reminiscences of that period, which may be more interesting than a mere recapitulation of the bare scientific facts." 2098

BANET, LEO. Balmer's manuscripts and the construction of his series. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:821-828. "An earlier regeneration of the Balmer series was difficult because Balmer's publications omitted some of his steps and only presented fragments of others. After a search, the author located a collection of Balmer's papers which include two preliminary manuscripts and traced Balmer's steps on the basis of his own statements ... Balmer's verification of his formula and his conclusions are described. In addition, it is shown that the Balmer series played a direct role in the formation of the Rydberg constant and the atomic theory of Bohr." From the summary. 2099

BERNINGER, ERNST. Otto Hahn-Eine Bildokumentation: Personlichkeit, wissenschaftliche Leistung, offentliches Wirken. 106 pp., illus., index. Munich: Moos, 1969. DM 18. 2100

BRAGG, SIR LAWRENCE, FRS. Chmy Br., 1970, 6:147-153. Includes two articles, "Talking to Sir Lawrence" and "An appreciation by Max Perutz, FRS." 2101

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. Francis Bitter and "Landau Diamagnetism". J. Statist. Physics, 1970, 2:195-197. 2102



144 39. Contemporary: Physical Sciences

BRUSH, STEPHEN G. Taming the bomb. Physics Teacher, 1970, 8:213-216. Essay review of Alice Kimball Smith, A peril and a hope: The scientists' movement in America 1945-47 (Chicago, 1965) and Donald A. Strickland, Scientists in politics: The atomic scientists'movement 1945-1946 (Lafayette, Indiana, 1968).

2103

COHEN, ROBERT S.; RAYMOND J. SEEGER(eds.) Ernst Mach, physicist and philosopher. (Boston studies in the philosophy of science, 6.) viii + 295 pp., bibl., index. New York: Humanities; Dordrecht: Reidel, 1970. Contents: Otto Bldh: Ernst Mach, his life as a teacher and thinker. Floyd Ratliff. On Mach's contributions to the analysis of sensations. Wolfgang F. Merzkirch: Mach's contribution to the development of gas dynamics. Raymond J. Seeger: On Mach's curiosity about shockwaves. Peter G. Bergmann: Mach and contemporary physics. Erwin N. IIiebert: The genesis of Mach's early views on atomism. Karl Menger: Mathematical implications of Mach's ideas: Positivistic geometry, the clarification of functional connections. Robert S. Cohen: Mach: Physics, perception and the philosophy of science. Gerald J Holton: Mach, Einstein and the search for reality. Iubert Goenner: Mach's principle and E1instein's theory of gravitation. Philipp Frank: The importance of Mach's philosophy of science for our times. Philipp Frank: Mach and the unity of science. Richard von Mises: Mach and the empiricist conception of science. Otto Blbih: Mach: Biographical data. Otto Bliih, Wolfgang F. Merzkirch: Mach-Bibliography. 2104

CROPPER, WILLIAM H. The quantum physicists and an introduction to their physics. ix + 257 pp., illus. New York: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1970. A textbook with considerable emphasis on the historical development of the subject. 2105

EBERT, H. Die D[eutsche] P[hysikalische] Glesellschaftl in den letzten 25 Jahren. Zur Feier ihres 125 jahrigen Bestehens. Phys. Bl., 1970, 26:121-125. 2106

FRENKEL, VIKTOR IA. Die Aufnahmebereitschaft fir neue Ideen in der Physik. Ideen Exak. Wissens, 1969:527-533. 2107

FRENKEL, VIKTOR IA. 50-letie fsziko-tekhnicheskogo instituta im A. F. loffe. (Fifty years of the Institute of Physics and Technology A. F. loffe.) Vest. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1969,2:71-76. 2108

FRENKEL, VIKTOR IA. Paul Erenfest v Rossii i v SSSR. Prroda, 1969, 7:8 5-95; 8:83-9 1. 2109

FRISCH, DAVID H. Scientists and the decision to bomb Japan. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(6):107-1 15. 2110

FRISCH, OTTO R. The first nuclear explosion. New Scient., 1970,47:274-276. A personal account of the first test at Almagordo, by one of the participants.

2111

GAMOW, GEORGE. My world line: An informal autobiography. Foreword by Stanislaw M. Ulam. xiii + 178 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: Viking, 1970. $5.95. 2112

GERLACH, WALTHER. Otto Hahn, ein Forscher- leben unserer Zeit. (Deutsches Museum. Abhandlungen und Berichte, 37, 3.) 84 pp., illus. Munich: Oldenbourg, 1969. 2113

GROVES, LESLIE R. Some recollections of July 16, 1945. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(6):21-27. 2114

HAHN, OTTO. My life: The autobiography of a scientist. Trans. by Ernest Kaiser and Eithne Wilkins. 240 pp. New York: Herder and Herder; London: Macdonald, 1970. $6.50. 2115

HALL, JOHN S. V. M. Slipher's trailblazing career. Sky Telesc., 1970,39:84-86. "I know of no observer in the 20th century who has made a comparable number of fundamental discoveries." 2116

HECKMANN, G. Max Borns dffentliches Wirken. Phys. Bl., 1970,26:55-57. 2117

HEISENBERG, WERNER. Max Born zum Gedichtnis. Phys. BI., 1970,26:49-54. 2118

HERBIG, G. H. (ed.) Spectroscopic astrophysics: An assessment of the contributions of Otto Struve. x + 462 pp., illus., bibl., index. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Pr., 1970. $10. Contains ten papers by Stnuve, followed by comments by leading authorities in these ten fields. 2119

HERNECK, FRIEDRICH. Bahnbrecher des Atom- zeitalters. Grosse Naturforscher von Maxwell bis Heisenberg. 427 pp., illus., bibl., index. Berlin: Buchverlag der Morgen, 1970. DM 11.50. 2120

HERNECK, FRIEDRICH. Einstein und die Willensfreiheit. Physik Schule, 1969(4): 145-149. 2121

HERNECK, FRIEDRICH. In memoriam Max Born (1 882-1970). Spektrum (Berlin), 1970, 15:76-79. 2122

HIROSIGE, TETU. History of modern physics. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1969, 8:177-184. 2123



39. Contemporary: Physical Sciences 145

HIROSIGE, TETU. Source books in modern physics. Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8:17-20. Describes a series of twelve volumes of source materials in 20th-century physics (Buturngaku koten ronbun sosyo) which began publication in 1969. 2124

HOLTON, GERALD. The roots of complementarity. Eranos Jahrb., 1968 (pub. 1970), 30:45-90. "My plan for this paper is to look for the various roots of the complementarity conception-those that come from physical theory and those that come from philosophical tradition- and then to point out certain consequences of Bohr's insight that seem to me to have relevance for the future development of philosophical studies." Also published in Daedalus, 1970, 99:1015-1055. 2125

HOLTON, GERALD. The world of Enrico Fermi-A new documentary film. Physics Teacher, 1970, 8:200-202. "The film 'The World of Enrico Fermi' is a documentary film primarily for pedagogical purposes, produced by Harvard Project Physics with a grant from the Ford Foundation. Its main aim is to give the viewer an appreciation for the life and contribution of a nearly contemporary physicist, one who was widely honored and loved, and whose work helped to transform not only physics and the style of doing science, but also the course of history itself." 2126

HOMBERGER, ERIC; WILLIAM JANEWAY; SIMON SCHAMA (eds.) The Cambridge mind: Ninety years of the Cambridge Review, 1879-1969. 315 pp., ports. London: Cape, 1970. ?4. Thie contents of the natural sciences chapter are: J. J. Thomson: The late Lord Kelvin (1908). W. C. D. Whetham: Thomson and the Cambridge School of experimental physics (1903). F. W. Aston: Rutherford and radioactivity (1913).J. J. Thomson: Lord Rutherford, an obituary (1937). Louis de Broglie: Mon anxi6t6 devant le probleme des quanta (1964). Joseph Needham: The biology of fate (1930). Fred Hoyle: The brain and its place in nature (1951). Max Perutz: The structure of large molecules (1955). John Ziman: The two towers (1961). 2127

HOOKER, C. A. Concerning Einstein's, Podolsky's and Rosen's objection to quantum theory. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:851-857. "Professor J. Jauch, in his recent book, Foundations of quantum mechanics, claims to resolve the paradox of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen. Jauch's approach is representative of that adopted by the majority of physicists. I argue that, although Jauch does exhibit a consistent quantum formalism for dealing with situations of the type involved in the original paradox, that formalism, so far from doing away with the paradox, serves only to highlight the difficulties of providing an acceptable physical understanding of it. The paradox must remain, therefore, as a central clue in the search for a more adequate understanding of quantum theory." From the summary. 2128

HOYTINK, G. J. Physical chemistry in the Netherlands after van't Hoff. A. Rev. Phys. Chem., 1970, 21:1-16. 2129

ISTORIIA i metodologiia estestvennykh nauk, VI: Fizika. 278 pp., illus., ports., index. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta, 1968. Contains several short surveys of the history of physics in Soviet Russia. 2130

ISTORIIA i metodologiia estestvennykh nauk, VII: Astronomiia i radiofizika. 370 pp., illus., ports., index. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta, 1968. Contains several papers dealing chiefly with the history of astronomy in Russia in the 20th century. 2131

ITAKURA, KINYONOBU. The seniority rule and election of President of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Tokyo, 1917-1922. (In Japanese.) KagakusiKenkyu, 1969,8:185-193. 2132

JONES, DANIEL P. The role of chemists in research on war gases in the United States during World War I. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:5384-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Wisconsin, 1969. Supervisor: Aaron J. Ihde. Univ. Microfilms order no. 69-22406. 279 pp. $3.60. 2133

KINGSLAKE, R.; H. G. KINGSLAKE. A history of the Institute of Optics. Appl. Opt., 1970, 9:789-796. The Institute of Applied Optics was founded in Rochester on March 15, 1929. 2134

KLEIN, MARTIN J. Paul Ehrenfest. Vol. I: The making of a theoretical physicist. xvi + 330 pp., illus., index. New York: American Elsevier, 1970. $9.50. 2135

KOCH, H. WILLIAM. An age of change. Physics Today, 1970,23(1):27-32. "Physics is undergoing important social changes, as is the rest of society. In the last decade, the most obvious change for physics has been the change in the attitude of society in the US towards it. From being regarded as a science desperately needed for national survival and prestige it has become one that is being placed in a more conventional social context, with new priorities ... Other important changes have occurred more slowly and even over the last decade, have involved almost every area of physics. They include changes in the definition, communication and teaching of physics, and the national policies influencing physics. My purpose here is mainly to discuss these slow changes. Further I will try to clarify A[merican] I[nstitute] [of] P[hysics] involvements in both slow and rapid changes at the start of a new decade-a decade that will see many challenges for physics." 2136

KUZNETSOV, BORIS GREGOR'EVICH. Einstein und das Machsche Prinzip. Ideen Exak. Wissens, 1970:49-55. 2137

KUZNETSOV, BORIS GRIGOR'EVICH. Relativitat und Komplementaritat. Ideen Exak. Wissens, 1969:779-785. 2138

LAKOFF, SANFORD A. Essays in ambiguity and ambivalence. Physics Today, 1970, 23(6):67-69. Essay review of Peter Michelmore, The swift years: The Robert Oppenheimer story (New York, 1969) and Philip M. Stern, The Oppenheimer case: Security on trial (New York, 1969). 2139



146 39. Contemporary: Physical Sciences

LARMORE, LEWIS. Eclipses-Old and new. Appl. Opt., 1970, 9:2617-2619. Discussion of the total eclipse of December 22, 1870 and of March 7, 1970 and the developments in solar physics in between, including those by Rowland (spectral resolution), Hale and Deslandres (spectro-heliograph), Lyst (coronagraph and interference polarization monochromator), and Babcock and Babcock (solar magnetograph). 2140

LEDERMAN, LEON M. Resource letter Neu-1. History of the neutrino. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:129-136. 2141

LEVY, EDWIN, JR. Interpretations of quantum theory and Soviet thought. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5482-A. Dissertation at Indiana Univ., 1969. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-7475. 166 pp. $3. "The aim of this paper is to present and assess some philosophical problems in the interpretation of quantum theory and to see how these issues are handled in the context of Soviet philosophical-scientific thought ... It is argued that ideological, meta-theoretical considerations can play a legitimate and significant role in the interpretation and adoption of scientific theories." 2142

LUPASCO, STEPHANE. La tragedie de 1'energie: Philosophie et sciences du XXe siecle. 141 pp. Toumai: Casterman, 1970. Contents: Les premieres atteintes a la notion de matiere: Planck et Einstein. Les 6v6nements 6nerg6tiques onde- corpuscule et les relations d'ind6termination d'Heisenberg. Le deuxieme principe de la thermodynamique, ou principe de Clausius, et le principe d'exclusion de Pauli. Systemes et structures 6nerg6tiques. Les trois matieres. Principe et logique d'antagonisme. Cybern6tique et information. La connaissance. La connaissance de la connaissance et la matiere psychique. 2143

MANDEL, LEONARD; EMIL WOLF (eds.) Selected papers on coherence and fluctuations of light. With bibliography. Vol. 1: 1850-1960. Vol. 2: 1960-1966. New York: Dover, 1970. $6.50 per vol. 2144

MARK, HANS; SIDNEY FERNBACH (eds.) Properties of matter under unusual conditions. In honor of Edward Teller's 60th birthday. ix + 389 pp., illus., port. New York: Interscience, 1969. Contains two historical papers: Eugene P. Wigner: An appreciation on the 60th birthday of Edward Teller. Werner Heisenberg: The concept of "understanding" in theoretical physics. 2145

MARSHAK, ROBERT E. The Rochester Conferences: The rise of international cooperation in high energy physics. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(6):92-98. Marshak was deputy group leader in theoretical physics at Los Alamos, 194446, and was the founder of the Rochester High Energy Physics Conference. 2146

MC CREA, W. H. Cosmology to-day. Inaugural lecture of the Chaire Georges Lemaftre. Catholic University of Louvain, 1969. Revue Quest. Scient., 1970, 31 :221-241. Discusses the development of cosmology from Einstein to the present day emphasizing the work of Georges Lemaitre. 2147

MOSZKOWSKI, ALEXANDER. Conversations with Einstein. Trans. by Henry L. Brose. xxiii + 246 pp., index. New York: Horizon, 1970. $8.50. 2148

NISIO, SIGEKO. The role of chemical considerations in the development of the Bohr atom model. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1968, 7:177-185. 2149

NISIO, SIGEKO. X-rays and atomic structure in the early stage of the old quantum theory. Jap. Stud. Hist. Sci., 1969, 8: 55-75. 2150

NORTH, JOHN D. The time coordinate in Einstein's restricted theory of relativity. Studium Generale, 1970,23:203-223. "After drawing some preliminary divisions between different conceptions of time, distinguished as 'proper time', 'Kantian time', 'psychological time', 'physical time', and 'mathematical time', there follows a discussion of time dilatation and the clock paradoxes of Einstein's restricted theory of relativity. Beginning with Lorentz's time transformations, and some remarks on the different attitudes of Lorentz, Poincar6 and Einstein to the transformation equations generally, we turn to the clock paradox, often held to involve Einstein in inconsistency . "

2151

OMEL'IANOVSKII, M. E.; ANATOLY A. ZVORYKIN. Modern physics and philosophy. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1970,12:66-101. 2152

ORTON, JOHN W.; D. H. PAXMAN; J. C. WALLING. The solid state maser. (Commonwealth and internation library. Selected readings in physics.) ix + 283 pp., illus. Oxford: Pergamoii, 1970. An 87-page historical survey is followed by reprints of 16 papers. 2153

PEIERLS, RUDOLPH E. Britain in the atomic age. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(6):4046. Sir Rudolph Peierls was head of the British "mission" at Los Alamos. He gives a general review of the last 25 years in British atomic physics.

2154

PRIGOGINE, I. La fin de I'atomisme. Acad. Roy. Belgique, Bull. Cl. Sci., 1969,55:1110-1117. Reflections on Bergson's criticism in the light of recent scientific discoveries.

2155

RAMSEY, NORMAN F. Early history of Associated Universities and Brookhaven National Laboratory. Pp. 182-198 in Brookhaven National Laboratory lectures in science, vistas in research, vol. 2. New York: Gordon & Breach, 1968. 2156

REICHENBACH, HANS. Axiomatization of the theory of relativity. Trans. and ed. by Maria Reichenbach. Foreword by Wesley C. Salmon. xix + 208 pp. Berkeley: Univ. California Pr., 1969. $7.95. 2157



39. Contemporary: Physical Sciences, Earth Sciences 147

RINDLER, W. Einstein's priority in recognizing time dilation physically. Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:1111-1115. 2158

RORSCHACH, H. E., JR. The contributions of Felix Bloch and William V. Houston to the electron theory of metals.Am. J. Phys., 1970, 38:897-904. 2159

ROSEN, STEPHEN (ed.) Selected papers on cosmic ray origin theories. vii + 439 pp., bibl., index. New York: Dover, 1969. $5 (paper). Includes a "resource letter" by J. R. Winckler and D. J. Hofmann, "intended to guide college physicists to some of the literature and other teaching aids that may help them improve course contents in specified fields of physics," and reprints of 76 papers, beginning with "Electrons as cosmic rays" by W. G. F. Swann (1932) and ending with "Cosmic rays and plasma phenomena in the galaxy and metagalaxy" by V. L. Ginzburg (1966). This inexpensive collection should be very useful to students of the history of modern physics. S. G. BRUSH 2160

ROZENTAL, STEFAN. Niels Bohr. Am.-Scand. Rev., 1969-70,57:352-360. 2161

SEGRE, EMILIO. Enrico Fermi, physicist. x + 276 pp., illus., bibl., index. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Pr., 1970. $6.95. 2162

SMITH, ALICE KIMBALL. Los Alamos: Focus of an age. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(6):15-20. Examines what the experience of being present at Los Alamos around 1945 means to participants as they view it retrospectively. 2163

SPRUCH, GRACE MARMOR. Victor Weisskopf, international scientist. New Scient., 1970, 46:387-388. 2164

VATULIAN, K. S.; V. I. KUZNETSOV. Ob otkrytii katalizatorov Tsiglera. (The discovery of catalysts by K. Ziegler.) Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1970,31:65-66. 2165

A VISIT with Vannevar Bush. Mosaic, 1970, 1(1):9-13. 2166

WAGNER, JOSEF. Was Einstein wirklich sagte. 208 pp., illus., bibl. Vienna: Molden, 1970. Os 68. 2167

WEINER, CHARLES. Physics in the great depression. Physics Today, 1970,23(10):31-38. "The perspective provided by the experience of the depression emphasizes the pressing need and new opportunity to make (borrowing Foote's 1933 phrase) 'a thorough investigation of the sociological aspects of physics'. In the 1930's adequate answers were not provided to the challenges to the social relevance and human implications of physics, because general improvements in the economic and political situation permitted resumption of the growth of physics. But phsysicists now have another chance to respond, and they must if they are to cope with the present crisis and plan for the ftuture." 2168

WEISSKOPF, VICTOR F. Physics in the 20th century. Science, 1970, 168:923-930. Also published in German in Phys. B!., 1970, 26:64-72, 101-108. 2169

WILSON, ROBERT RATHBUN. The conscience of a physicist. Bull. Atom. Scient., 1970, 26(6):30-34. "My re-awakening from being completely technically-oriented came dramatically on July 16 as I experienced the test explosion of the first nuclear bomb . . . That which had been an intellectual reality ... had suddenly become a factual, an existential, reality.There is a very great difference." Wilson was division leader for the Experimental Physics Division at Los Alamos. 2170

YOURGRAU, WOLFGANG. The cosmos of George Gamow.NewScient., 1970,48:38-39. 2171

d. Earth sciences (geology and geophysics; geography, cartography, and geodesy; oceanography; travel, exploration, and navigation; paleontology; mineralogy and crystallography; meteorology)

DMITRIEV, A. S. Pervyi geograficheskii "Atlas SSSR". Vop. Istor. Estest. Tekh., 1969, 28:3942. 2172

FUJII, YOICHIRO. Seismology, history of seismology, and philosophy of science in the scientific works of Mishio Ishimoto, 1893-1940. (In Japanese.) Kagakusi Kenkyu, 1968, 7:22-31; 1969, 8:146-154. 2173

HUGHES, PATRICK. A century of weather service: A history of the birth and growth of the national weather service, 1870-1970. xii + 212 pp., illus., maps, ports. New York: Gordon and Breach, 1970. $10; $5 (paper). 2174

MEYNIER, ANDRE. Histoire de la pens6e geographique en France (1872-1969). 222 pp., bibl., index. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1969. F 12. 2175



148 39. Contemporary: Earth Sciences, Biological Sciences

MOCHALOV, INAR I. Vladimir I. Vernadskii [1863- 1945], chelovek i myslitel'. (V. I. Vernadskii, the man and the thinker.) 176 pp. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 2176


ADAMS, MARK B. Towards a synthesis: Population concepts in Russian evolutionary thought, 1925- 1935.J. Hist. Biol., 1970,3:107-129. "Between 1925 and 1935, the Russian school of population geneticists, consisting mainly of students and colleagues of Sergei S. Chetverikov (1880-1959), made many important contributions to the development of the modern evolutionary viewpoint. One such contribution which highlights some of the salient similarities and differences between the Russian investigators and their Western counter- parts is the Russian attempts to formulate a genetic explanation for the effects of isolation and population size on evolution."

2177

BACSICH, PAUL. Transplantation. Philosophical J., 1970, 7:1-28. A survey of the history, progress and associated problems of tissue and organ transplantation. 2178

BELL, WHITFIELD J., JR. American Philosophical Society: Geneticists' letters and papers. Mendel Newsletter, 1970,5:1. "The library of the American Philosophical Society holds papers of these modern geneticists: Albert F. Blakeslee, Charles B. Davenport, Milislav Demerec, Leslie C. Dunn, Hubert D. Goodale, Herbert Spencer Jennings, Thomas Hunt Morgan, Oscar Riddle, George H. Shull. In addition the library holds the archives of the Genetics Society of America and the Department of Genetics, University of California, as well as some materials on the study of genetics at Columbia before 1920." 2179

BELOUSOV, LEV V. (ed.) Alexsandr Gavrilovich Gurvich, 1874-1954. 203 pp., illus., port. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 2180

BLIAKHER, LEONID IAKOLEVICH. A. N. Severtsov i neolamarkizm. (A. N. Severtsov and neo- larmarckism.) Is Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:112-123. 2181

CZESNOWA, 4ARISA. Wlodzimierz Bieklemiszew jeden z tw6rc6w parazytologii radzieckiej. (Vladimir Beklemishev, 1890-1962, one of the founders of Soviet parasitology.) Kwart. Hist. Nauki Tech., 1970, 15:319-327. 2182

DELBROCK, MAX. A physicist's renewed look at biology: 20 years later. Science, 1970, 168:13 12-13 15. This Nobel Prize lecture consists of philosophical, historical, aesthetic, as well as scientific ruminations. 2183

ECCLES, JOHN C. Alexander Forbes and his achievement in electro-physiology. Perspect. Biol. Med., 1970, 13:388404. A personal memoir of Alexander Forbes (1882-1965). 2184

GRAY, VIRGINIA. Anti-evolution sentiment and behavior: The case of Arkansas. J. Am. Hist., 1970, 57:352-366. A statistical analysis of the Arkansas voters who, in 1928, approved an act prohibiting the teaching of evolution. 2185

HESS, EUGENE L. Origins of molecular biology. Science, 1970, 168:664-669. The term microbiology dates only from 1945, but conditions necessary for its development were studied as early as 1840.

2186

HUGGENS, CHARLES. Peyton Rous: In memoriam, 1879-1970. Perspect. Biol. Med., 1970, 13:465468. "In the history of science, Dr. Rous will stand in the front rank with the greatest biologists of the ages. With Bernard and Pasteur he founded the vast and important field of experimental medicine. The French savants contributed to the new discipline, respectively, physiology and chemistry; Dr. Rous added pathology to these."

2187

HUXLEY, JULIEN. Memories. 296 pp., illus., index. London: Allen and Unwin, 1970. 63s. 2188

JORAVSKY, DAVID. Cracked wheat. New York Rev. Books, 1970,14(1-2):48-52. Essay review of Z. A. Medvedev, The rise and fall of T. D. Lysenko (New York, 1969). 2189

JORAVSKY, DAVID. The Lysenko affair. (Russian Research Center studies, 6.) xiii + 459 pp., bibl., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. $13.95. 2190

KENNEY, W. HENRY. A path through Teilhard's Phenomenon. xii + 284 pp., gloss., bibl., index. Dayton: Pflaum, 1970. $2.95 (paper). 2191

KETTLER, LOUIS-HEINZ. Die Entwicklung der pathologischen Anatomie in unserem Jahrhundert. NTM, 1969, 6(2):102-120. 2192

KREBS, HANS A. Warburg-architect of modern biology. New Scient., 1970,47:375-376. "In an age which produced many brilliant scientists, Otto Warburg-who died in Berlin on 1 August in his 87th year- stands out as one of the greatest pioneers in biology . . . Warburg belongs to the small band of real architects of modern biology." 2193

KULIABKO, E. S. Neizvestnoe pis'mo k I. V. Pavlovu. (An unknown letter to I. V. Pavlov.) Iz Istor. Bio. Nauk, 1970,2:213-215. Reproduces and comments on the text of a letter by C. V. Raman, President of the Indian Academy of Science, dated 28 March 1935. The letter offers Pavlov an honorary membership in the Academy. 2194



39. Contemporary: Biological Sciences, Sciences of Man 149

LEMBECK, FRED; WOLFGANG GIERE. Otto Lowei: Ein Lebensbild in Dokumenten. Biographische Dokumentation und Bibliographie. 241 pp., illus. Berlin: Springer, 1968. 2195

LEPPIK, E. E. The life and work of N. I. Vavilov. Econ. Bot., 1969, 23:128-132. "It is my intention to present here a brief review of the life and work of Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov [1887-19431, an outstanding Russian scientist and a pioneer in the field of plant exploration and introduction."

2196

LINENBRINK, SISTER MARY CECILIA. A synthesis of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's views on the origin and development of consciousness. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970,30:4494-A. Dissertation at Univ. of Colorado, 1969. Supervisor: Edward J. Machle. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-5869. 270 pp. $3.50. 2197

MIKULAK, MAXIM W. Darwinism, soviet genetics, and Marxism-Leninism. J. Hist. Ideas, 1970, 31:359-376. "The present paper explores ... the persistence of Lamarckism in Marxism and the Russian tradition, which makes it difficult for some biologists and philosophers to accept genetics as the legitimate heir to Darwinist evolution and which makes the accommodation of genetics within the Marxist-Leninist framework an uneasy process." 2198

NAKAMURA, TEIRI. The molecular approach in biology promoted under the influence of social surroundings and thoughts. A case study of T. Yamada's embryological works. (In Japanese.) KagakusiKenkyu, 1968, 7:1-9. 2199

OLBY, ROBERT C. The macromolecular concept and the origins of molecular biology. J. Chem. Educ., 1970,47:168-174. "The year 1953 seems, then, to mark a turning point when molecular biology came of age and the exponential growth of the subject began. This heroic picture, however convincing, leaves us in the dark as to the nature of the conceptual reform which lies behind it. Was it the discovery of base- pairing in DNA which altered the course of biochemistry, or something else? The view to be expounded here is that the transition from the small-molecule chemistry of the 19th century to the large-molecule chemistry of the 1940s onwards, resolving as it did the paradox of colloidal behavior, represents the real reform. This being so, the most meaningful defimition of molecular biology is one which dates the subject back to the time this conceptual reform began."

2200

PRINGSHEIM, ERNST GEORG. Eine auto- biographische Skizze. Medizinhist. J., 1970, 5:125-137. 2201

RABL, RUDOLF. Oskar Vogt (1870-1959), Grunder des Staatsinstitute fir Himforschung in Moskau. Waage, 1970, 9:65-73. 2202

SMITH, C. EARLE, JR. From Vavilov to the present-A review.Econ. Bot., 1969, 23:2-19. "Within this century, we have become aware of the impending collision of the potentialities of plants to provide nutriment and the growth of the human population of the world ... N. I. Vavilov opened a whole new approach to the problem of locating pools of germ plasm and the practicJ application of this knowledge." 2203

TEILHARD DE CHARDIN, PIERRE. Activation of energy. Trans. by Rene Hague. 416 pp., index. London: Collins, 1970. ?2.25. 2204

TURK, F. A. The idea of biological and social progress in the system of Teilhard de Chardin. Pp. 1-32 in Anthony Hanson (ed.) Teilhard reassessed. London: Darton, Longman, Todd, 1970.

2205

VAVILOV, NIKOLAI I. Neopublikovannye pis'ma N. I. Vavilova. (The unpublished letters of Vavilov.) Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk, 1970, 2:164-193. The letters are dated 1928-1939.

2206

WASSERMAN, FRANZ W. Friedrich Wasserman, 1884-1969: A life in experimental cytology. Perspect. Bio. Med., 1970, 13:53 7-562. "Two years ago, my father's friends at the Argonne National Laboratory encouraged him to write a short autobiography ... After his death, I found in his study two folders which contained various essays of an autobiographical nature, some in English, some in German ... I have made selections from these writings and have pieced them together into a reasonably coherent story."

2207

f. Sciences of man (psychology, cultural anthropology, sociology)

BOHLER, KARL. Die Uhren der Lebewesen und Fragmente aus dem Nachlass. Hrsg. und mit einer Biographie versehen von Gustav Lebzeltern unter Benutzung von Vorarbeiten von Hubert Razinger. Vorwort von Hubert Rohracker. (Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Phil.-Hist. Klasse. Sitzungsberichte 265, 3.) 220 pp., port., bibl. Vienna: Bohlaus, 1969. 2208

CAMFIELD, THOMAS M. Psychologists at war: The history of American psychology and the First World War. Diss. Abs. Int., 1970, 30:5370-A. Dissertation at the Univ. of Texas at Austin, 1969. Supervisor: David D. Van Tassel. Univ. Microfilms order no. 70-10766. 334 pp. $4.30. 2209

CATTIER, MICHEL. La vie et l'oeuvre du docteur Wilhelm Reich. 221 pp., bibl. Lausanne: La Cite, 1969. Sfr 18. 2210



150 39. Contemporary: Sciences of Man

COLES, ROBERT. Erik H. Erikson: The growth of his work. xxi + 440 pp., bibl., index. Boston: Little, Brown, 1970. $10. 2211

CRANNELL, CLARKE. Wolfgang Kohler. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:267-268. An impressionistic memoir (by one of his students) of Kohler's confrontation with Nazi Germany. 2212

CRESSANT, PIERRE. Levi Strauss. 155 pp., bibl. Paris: Psychotheque, 1970. 2213

DICKS, HENRY V. Fifty years of the Tavistock Clinic. With a foreword by Sir Leslie Farrer. xiv + 415 pp., illus., index. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1970. ?4.20. 2214

DOUGLAS, EMILY TAFT. Margaret Sanger: Pioneer of the future. viii + 274 pp., plts., bibl., index. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. $7.50. 2215

EATON, R. L. An historical look at ethology: A shot in the arm for comparative psychology. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:176-187. "The attempt in this paper is to point out the more recent history of the interaction of biological and psychological explanation of animal behavior, and to examine the reasons for the relative decline in productive research in comparative psychology against the surge of ethology in this century." 2216

FRAISSE, PAUL. French origins of the psychology of behavior: The contribution of Henri Pieron. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:111-119. The author argues that psychology of behavior had diverse and multiple origins, French (in the person of Henri Pieron, 1881-1964) as well as Russian and American.

2217

FRENCH, THOMAS M. Psychoanalytic interpretations. The selected papers of Thomas M. French. Foreword by George H. Pollock. xi + 560 pp., index. Chicago: Quadrangle, 1970. $20. 2218

FROMM, ERICH. The crisis of psychoanalysis. viii + 161 pp. New York: Holt, Rinehart, Winston, 1970. $5.95. A collection of the author's essays spanning the years 1932- 1969. Contents: The crisis of psychoanalysis. Freud's model of man and its social determinants. Marx's contribution to the knowledge of man. Humanistic planning. The Oedipus complex: Comments on the case of little Hans. The significance of the theory of Mother right for today. The theory of Mother right and its relevance for social psychology. The method and function of an analytic social psychology. Psychoanalytic characterology and its relevance for social psychology. 2219

GILBERT, ALBIN R. Whatever happened to the will in American psychology. J. Hist. Behavi Sci., 1970, 6:52-58. "The topic of will virtually vanished from psychological textbooks in the 1930's. This happened either silently, or 'will' was declared to lie outside the province of psychology ... The disappearance of a venerable concept must be astounding to mninds finding it difficult to believe that thinking about the will for over 2500 years should have been fallacious."

2220

GRAZIANO, ANTHONY N. An historical note: J. Stanley Gray's "Behavior modification", 1932. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:156-158. "Gray's thirty-six year old paper is excerpted here in the interest of historical perspective and to help point out how far behavior modification concepts had progressed before psychodynamic formulations took precedence in the clinical field." 2221

GULLIKSEN, HAROLD. Louis Leon Thurstone, experimental and mathematical psychologist. Am. Psychol., 1968,23:786-802. 2222

HAYES, EUGENE NELSON; TANYA HAYES (eds.) Claude Levi-Strauss: The anthropologist as hero. xv + 264 pp., index. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. $10.; $2.95 (paper). Contains a bibliography of the writings of Levi-Strauss. 2223

HEIDER, FRITZ. Gestalt theory: Early history and reminiscences. J. Hist. Behavl Sci., 1970, 6:131-139. 2224

HELSON, HARRY. E [dward] G. B [oring]: The early years and change of course. Am. Psychol., 1970, 25:625-629. A brilliant experimentalist, "Boring tumed to history because the Zeitgeist was becoming more and more unfavorable to Titchenerian introspection, and being unable to accept and work within the new behavoristic or phenomenological framework, he turned to the past". 2225

HENDERSON, LAWRENCE J. On the social system: Selected writings. Ed. and with an intro. by Bernard Barber. ix + 261 pp., bibl. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Pr., 1970. $11.50. 2226

HESNARD, A. De Freud a Lacan. 149 pp. Paris: 1ditions ESF, 1970. 2227

JAFFE, ANIELA. Tl-e myth of meaning in the work of C. G. Jung. Trans. by R. F. C. Hull. 186 pp., bibl. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1970. 35s. 2228

JON9ICH, GERALDINE. E. L. Thorndike: The psychologist as a professional man of science. Am. Psychol., 1968,23:434-446. 2229



39. Contemporary: Sciences of Man, Medicine 151

JUNG, CARL GUSTAV. Psychiatric studies. Second ed. Trans. by R. F. C. Hull. (Bolligen series, 20.) xiii + 260 pp., bibl., index. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1970. $5. For the 2nd edition the bibliography has been updated and a few corrections made. 2230

JUNG, CARL GUSTAV. Psychological reflections. A new anthology of his writing's, 1905-1961. Selected and ed. by Jolande Jacobi, in collaboration with R. F. C. Hull. [Second edition]. (Bollingen series, 31.) xvii + 391 pp. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr., 1970. 2231

KIRCHNER, JOHN H. Psychology of the scientist, XXIX: Consider this: A psycholiterary study of Walden Two. Psychol. Rep., 1970,26:403412. "This study was designed to explore the humanistic aspects of B. F. Skinner mainly through his literary efforts. It is the major contention of this paper that Walden Two represents two facets of Skinner's personality and was intended as such. Parallels between the novel and Skinner's other works are drawn." 2232

MAIER, HENRY W. Three theories of child development: The contributions of Erik H. Erikson, Jean Piaget and Robert R. Sears and their applications. Revised edition. ix + 342 pp., bibl., index. New York: Harper and Row, 1969. 2233

MIKHEYEV, V. I. The impact of sociology on 20th-century culture. Cah. Hist. Mond., 1970, 12:155-188. 2234

MORENO, ANTONIO. Jung, gods, and modern man. xiii + 274 pp., index. Notre Dame: Univ. Notre Dame Pr., 1970. 2235

NOLTE, HELMUT. Psychoanalyse und Soziologie. Die System-theorien Sigmund Freud und Talcott Parsons'. 247 pp., bibl. Bern: Huber, 1970. 2236

NUTINI, HUGO G. Levi-Strauss' conception of science. Pp. 542-570 in Jean Pouillon and Pierre Maranda (eds.) Echanges et communications: Melanges offerts a Claude Levi-Strauss. The Hague: Mouton, 1970. 2237

PAZ, OCTAVIO. Claude Levi-Strauss: An introduction. Trans. from the Spanish by J. S. Bernstein and Maxine Bernstein. xv + 176 pp., bibl. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Pr., 1970. $10. 2238

QUISPEL, GILLES. C. G. Jung und die Gnosis. Eranos Jahrb., 1968 (pub. 1970), 37:277-298. 2239

ROCHEDIEU, EDMOND. C. G. Jung et l'individu dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. Prdsentation, choix de textes, biographie, bibliographie. (Philosophes de tous les temps, .63.) 187 pp., plts., bibl. Paris: Seghers, 1970. F 9.14. 2240

SCHAFER, ROY. An overview of Heinz Hartmann's contributions to psychoanalysis. Int. J. Psychoanal., 1970,51:425446. 2241

SPERBER, MANES. Alfred Adler oder Das Elend der Psychologie. 301 pp., illus. Vienna: Molden, 1970. 2242

STEVENS, S. S. Edwin Garrigues Boring: 1886-1968. Am. J. Psychol., 1968,81:589-606. An important obituary, biography, and evaluation. 2243

VENTURINI, RICCARDO. I1 problema metodologico della psicologia e il behaviorismo di Edward Chace Tolman. De Homine, 1969,29-30:93-116. 2244

WEINSTEIN, EDWIN A. Woodrow Wilson's neurological illness. J. Am. Hist., 1970, 57:324-351. "Woodrow Wilson's medical history may be divided con- veniently into three stages. The first period, during which his ailments were largely psychosomatic . . . The second phase extends to the fall of 1919 when he had his massive stroke resulting in the left hemiplegia ... The third takes up the remainder of his presidential term when much of his ineffective political behavior can be explained on the basis of the changes in symbolic organization that occur after certain lesions of the right cerebral hemisphere." 2245


ANTIER, JEAN-JACQUES. Alexis Carrel. 203 pp., plts., bibl. Paris: Wesmael-Charlier, 1970. F 21.30. 2246

BULL, J. W. D. The history of neuroradiology. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:637-643. A survey from William Macewen's localization of an intercranial mass by clinical means (1876) to current research using isotopes as diagnostic tools. 2247

CUNY, HILAIRE. [Alexis] Carrel. Presentation, choix de textes. (Savants du monde entier, 24.) 188 pp., illus., plts., bibl. Paris: Seghers, 1970. F 9.14. 2248



152 39. Contemporary: Medicine, Technology

DENT, C. E. Rickets (and osteomalacia), nutritional and metabolic (1919-69). Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1970, 63:401408. "I would like to conclude with two more general thoughts for consideration: (1) Is not the recent history of medicine much more exciting than the old, and does it not need far more attention from good historians? (2) How far can we really be satisfied by the accuracy of our interpretations of old records?" 2249

GOODMAN, NEVILLE M. Wilson Jameson: Architect of national health. With a foreword by Sir George Godber. 216 pp., plt., port., bibl., index. London: Allen & Unwin, 1970. 42s. 2250

GRAHAM, GEORGE. The formation of the medical and surgical professorial units in the London teaching hospitals. Ann. Sci., 1970,26:1-22. Deals largely with developments in the first quarter of the 20th century. 2251

HARE, RONALD. The birth of penicillin and the disarming of microbes. 236 pp., illus., plts., bibl., index. London: Allen and Unwin, 1970. 63s. 2252

HORN, JOSHUA S. "Away with all pests ... " An English surgeon in People's China. 192 pp. London: Hamlyn, 1969. 35s. By all odds the most informative book to date on medical practice in China in the last decade, by an English physician who has practiced there since 1954 and has taken part in the Cultural Revolution. Indispensable for comprehending the survival of traditional medicine and its continued use alongside modem medicine. The author's statements about ancient Chinese medicine are not based on serious study, but his observation and experience are unparaUeled. N. SIVIN

2253

JACKSON, CHARLES 0. Food and drug legislation in the New Deal. xi + 249 pp. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Pr.; Oxford: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1970. $7.50. 2254

JOHNSON, STEPHEN L. The history of cardiac surgery, 1896-1955. xv + 201 pp., illus., bibl. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Pr., 1970. $9.50. 2255

METTE, ALEXANDER. Der Grundheitsschutz als Gegenstand der Arbeit der Volkskammer der DDR in den Jahren 1949-1954. NTM, 1969, 6(1):82-92. 2256

NEUBAUER, GUNTER. Der sozio-okonomische Entstehungsprozess des Staatlichen Gesundheits- dienstes in England. Sudhoffs Arch., 1970, 54:242-260. "In the western, democratic countries exist three types of securing people against the risk of sickness: Private Health Insurance, Social Health Insurance and State Health Service. The cause that one type fails in a country, while in another country the same system operates quite well, lies often more in historical events than in rational disadvantages." From the summary. 2257

PANKHURST, RICHARD. The history and traditional treatment of rabies in Ethiopia. Med. Hist., 1970, 14:378-389. Mainly concerned with the 20th century. 2258

PITSYK, NINA E. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bogomolets. 304 pp., illus., bibl. Moscow: Nauka, 1970. 2259

POCHEDLY, CARL. History of the exchange transfusion; its use in treatment of erythroblastosis fetalis. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:450460. Describes the exchange transfusions by J. L. MacDonald (1924), Harry Wallerstein (1945), and Lewis Diamond (1946). 2260

VISELTEAR, ARTHUR J. The California Medical- Economic Survey: Paul A. Dodd versus the Medical Association. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:141-153. "This paper will consider the California Medical Association's brief flirtation with compulsory health insurance in 1935 and also the life history of the California Medical-Economic Survey." 2261

h. Technology (includes engineering, mining, mechanical inventions, horology, arts and crafts, mlIitary technology, agricultural technology)

ARMACOST, MICHAEL H. The politics of weapons innovation: The Thor-Jupiter controversy. x + 304 pp. New York: Columbia Univ. Pr., 1969. $10. 2262

BAKER, W. J. A history of the Marconi Company. 414 pp., illus., index. London: Methuen, 1970. ?5. 2263

BRENEV, IGOR' V. Nachalo radiotekhniki v Rossi. (The beginning of radio engineering in Russia.) 256 pp., illus., port., bibl. Moscow: Sov. Radio, 1970. 2264

CAREY, JAMES W.; JOHN J. QUIRK. The mythos of the electronic revolution. Am. Schol., 1970, 39:21 9-241, 395424. 2265

DUNLAP, ORRIN E., JR. Communications in space: From Marconi to man on the moon. New and expanded edition. xi + 338 pp., illus. New York: Harper & Row, 1970. $7.95. 2266

FOPPL, AUGUST; LUDWIG FOPPL. Drang und Zwang; eine hohere Festigkeitslehre fir Ingenieure. With a new intro. in English by Gunhard AE. Oravas. 3 vols., illus., ports. New York: Johnson Reprint, 1969. Reprint of the 1941-1947 edition. 2267



39. Contemporary: Technology-Historians of Science 153

FORSTMEIER, FRIEDRICH. Deutsche Grosskampf- schiffe, 1915-1918: Die Entwicklung der Typenfrage in ersten Weltkrieg mit Schiffstypen-Darstellungen von Siegfried Breyer. 98 pp., illus., index. Munich: Lehmann, 1970. DM 44. 2268

FULLER, RICHARD BUCKMINSTER. The Buckminster Fuller reader. Ed. and intro. by James Meller. 383 pp., plts., bibl., index. London: Cape, 1970. 48s. 2269

GIBBS-SMITH, CHARLES H. Aviation: An historical survey from its origins to the end of World War II. xvi + 316 pp., 28 plts., illus., bibl., index. London: H.M.S.O., 1970. 50s. 2270

GODDARD, ROBERT H. The papers. Including the reports to the Smithsonian Institution and the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation. Vol. I: 1898-1924. Vol. II: 1925-1937. Vol. III: 1938-1945. Ester C. Goddard, editor. G. Edward Pendray, associate editor. 3 vols.; xx + 1707 pp., illus., bibl., index. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970. $150. 2271

GOLOVIN, GRIGORII I.; V. V. VOLOGDIN (eds.) Pioner vysokochastotnoi tekhniki: Zhizn' i deiatel'nost' Valentina Petrovicha Vologdina. (Pioneer in high-frequency technology: The life and work of Valentin Petrovich Vologdin.) 112 pp., plts. Moscow: Sviaz', 1970. 2272

HEUCK, CLAUS. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Kautschuk-Synthese: Buna-Kautschuk IG (1926- 1945). ChemikerZeitung, 1970, 94:147-157. "After surveying the problems and the first stages of the caoutchouc synthesis (1906-1918; manufacturing of the types of Methylkautschuk) it is pointed out, on the basis of historical material-especially patents-how the history of BUNA represents an example for the scientific and technical cooperation between individual chemists as well as between large chemical enterprises during the 1926/1945 period. Today, more than half of the world's consumption of caoutchouc are synthetic products for the production of which the research work done at that time by the IG-Farbenindustrie is of eminent imnportance." From the English summary. 2273

KNIGHT, DAVID C. (ed.) American astronauts and spacecraft: A pictorial history from Project Mercury through Apollo 13. Foreword by Thomas 0. Paine. 159 pp., chiefly illus., ports. New York: Watts, 1970. $7.95. 2274

LOGSDON, JOHN M. The decision to go to the moon: Project Apollo and the national interest. xiii + 187 pp., index. Cambridge: M.I.T. Pr., 1970. 2275

MAILER, NORMAN. Of a fire on the moon. 472 pp. Boston: Little, Brown, 1970. $7.59. A personal account of the first moon landing. 2276

MILLER, ROBERT F. One hundred thousand tractors: The MTS and the development of controls in Soviet agriculture. xv + 423 pp., index. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Pr., 1970. 2277

MILLER, RONALD E.; DAVID SAWERS. The technical development of modern aviation. xvi + 351 pp., illus., bibl. New York: Praeger, 1970. $11. 2278

NOCK, 0. S. Railways at the zenith of steam, 192040. Illus. by Clifford and Wendy Meadway. 184 pp., illus., index. London: Blandford, 1970. 25s. 2279

RODGERS, WILLIAM. Think: A biography of the Watsons and IBM. 320 pp., plts., bibl., index. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970. 50s. Thomas J. Watson founded IBM in 1914. 2280

STOIKO, MICHAEL. Soviet rocketry: Past, present, and future. xi + 272 pp., illus., maps, ports., bibl. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. $7.95. 2281

TAYLOR, HENRY G. An experiment in co-operative research: An account of the first fifty years of the Electrical Research Association. xii + 188 pp., 13 plts., illus., ports. London: Hutchinson, 1970. 45s. 2282

ZEMAITIS, KIEJSTUT. Fifty years of the mining academy in Cracow. Rev. Pol. Acad. ScL, 1970, 15:63-73. The academy was founded in 1919. 2283



k. Historians and philosophers of science

O'MALLEY, CHARLES D., 1907-1970. By Robert J. Moes. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970, 44:477-481. 2284

O'MALLEY, CHARLES D. Obituary by F. N. L. Poynter. Clio Medica, 1970, 5:197-201. Includes a list of his published works. 2285



154 39. Contemporary: Historians of Science

RAIKOV, BORIS EVGEN'EVICH, 1880-1966. By Tat'iana A. Lukina. 208 pp., illus. Leningrad: Nauka, 1970. 2286

RAIKOV, BORIS EVGEN'EVICH, kak istorik biologii i pedagog. (B. E. Raikov as an historian of biology and a teacher.) By T. A. Lukina. Iz Istor. Biol. Nauk 1970,2:5-20. Contains a bibliography of Raikov's publications and a portrait. 2287

STAHL, WILLIAM HARRIS, 1908-1969, Eloge, by Carl B. Boyer. Isis, 1969, 60:528-534. With a portrait and bibliography. 2288

VIETS, HENRY ROUSE, 1890-1969: Neurologist, medical historian, librarian. By Benjamin Spector. Bull. Hist. Med., 1970,44:173-175. 2289



155

INDEX TO THE NINETY-SIXTH CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following index contains all the personal names appearing in the Critical Bibliography. It also contains the names of institutions when used as author or subject. To enhance the usefulness of the index all citations for a given person have been consolidated under the best-known form of his name, with preference shown for the anglicized version. A cross-reference can usually be found under the common variations (e.g. "Ibn Sina, see Avicenna"). We have, hopefully, observed the established usage in alphabetizing foreign names (e.g. De Morgan, Augustus; L6pez Pifiero, Jose

Maria; Watanabe, Masao; Li Yen; al-Biruni-under B; Ibn Qurra-under I).

In the 96th Critical Bibliography each citation has been given an individual number. The numbers in this index, therefore, refer to specific citations, not to pages. Numbers in roman style refer to items in which the person or institution indexed is either the author, editor, or translator of the citation. Italic numbers refer to items in which the person or institution indexed is treated as a subject.

ABEL, Wilhelm 989 Abendroth, Walter 2057 Abrahams, Harold J. 1893 Abt, Lawrence E. 225 Acad6mie des Sciences, Paris 1035 1117 1451

Acad6mie des Sciences, St. Petersburg 1337

Accademia del Cimento, Florence 11 79

Acham, Karl 95 Achard, Thomas 1704 Achilles Tatius 731 Achinstein, Peter 46 Ackerknecht, Erwin H.

456 457 513 1705 Ackermann, Robert J. 47 Acosta, Christoval

see Costa, Christovam da Adams, James F. 1842 Adams, Mark B. 2177 Adelmann, Howard B. 410 Adkins, Arthur W. H. 620 Adler, Alfred 2242 Aebersold, Paul C. 227 Aegidius Romanus 744 Aeschylus 711 Afnan, Soheil M. 828 Agassi, Joseph 48 1020 Agassiz, Louis 1518 1694 1764 1797

Agnew, L. R. C. 494 Agrippa von Nettesheim,

Heinrich Cornelius 936 Ahrens, Gerhard 1443 Aiton, E. J. 1172 Aix-Marseille, Universit6,

Ecole de M6dicine 487 Akademia Umiejetnosci,

Krakow 1606 Akademiia Nauk SSSR.

Institut fiziki-technicheski im. A. F. loffe 2108

Akademiia Nauk SSSR see also Acad6mie des Sciences, St. Petersburg

Akhiezer, A. I. 1552 Albertini, Ippolito

Francesco 1375 Alberto di Sassonia 786 Albrecht, Frank M. 429 Albu, Austen 113 Alderman, Harold G. 2061 Aldrich, Virgil C. 105 0 Alekseev, Aleksandr I.

1664 Alembert, Jean Lerond d' 1062

Alessio, Franco 1503 Alexander of Aphrodisias 636 781

Alexanderson, Bengt 647 717

Alfred of Sareshel see Alfredus Anglicus

Alfredus Anglicus 790 Alhazen 846 849 850 Allbutt, Thomas Clifford 1957

Alleau, Ren6 588 791 Allegheny Observatory

1624 Allen, Jonathan 114 Allen, R. E. 629 648 Allioni, Carlo 1317 1354 Altholz, Josef L. 1469 Altschuler, S. V. 1603 Altsdorf, Universitait,

Institut der Medizinischen Fakultat 497

Amatus Lusitanus 9 71 Ambrosoli, Luigi 1503 American Association for

the Advancement of Science 1493

American College of Apothecaries 1966

American Institute of Physics 2136

American Medical Association 513 1908

American Museum of Natural History, New York 383

American Philosophical Society 2179

Amici, Giovan Battista 1633 1634

Ampere, Andr6 Marie 1484 Amsterdamski, Stefan 49 Anatomische Institut, Kassel 1308

Anaximander 624 629 Anaximenes 653 672 695 Andersen, Johannes G. 806 Anderson, Paula 1848 Anderson, Philip W. 2098 Andrusov, N. I. 1 782 Antier, Jean-Jacques 2246 Aoki, Seizo 915 Apel, Karl-Otto 50 Apolin, A. 286 Applebaum, Louis 203 Appleman, Philip 1706 Archimedes 649 655 687

942 Ardila, Ruben 430 1830 Argyropulos, Joannes 931 Aristotle 688 91 626 628 629 633 635 644 645 646 652 670 678 689 697 700 751 759 760 762 764 766 781 790 1352

Arkoun, Mohammed 829

Arlandi, Stephanus 808 Armacost, Michael H. 2262 Armytage, W. H. G. 202 Arnaud, Pierre 1831 Arnim, Hans Friedrich

August von 1707 Arnold Arboretum 1810 Aron, William 1832 Arrighi, Gino 1160 1444 Artelt, Walter 996 Ashbrook, Joseph 259

1173 1553 1554 Aston, F. W. 2127 Aston, Francis 1099 Atheneus 693 Attimayr, Ernst 1445

1555 1978 Aufgebauer, P. 260 Aujac, Germaine 261 621 Aulich, Kurt 1708 Aulie, Richard P. 372 1709

1710 1711 Aumiiler, Gerhard 1308 Aurifaber, Andreas 1010 Austin, William H. 1021 Averbukh, A. Ia. 1979 Averroes 760 Avicenna 831 845 Avogadro, Amedeo 46 1588

Avtukhova, I. I. 1502 Axtell, James L. 1374 Ayala, Francisco J. 425

BABBAGE, Charles 1470 Babini, Jos6 938 Baccou, Robert 718 Bache, Alexander Dallas

1518 2028 Bachelard, Gaston 51 2082 Bachelier, Louis 244 Bachmeister, H. L. Ch. 1080 Backe, Hans 287 Bacon, Francis 332 333. 340 1110 1141 1191

Bacon, Roger 774 781 Bacsich, Paul 2178 Badger, G. M. 1268 Badiou, Alain 235 Baege, Ludwig 1791 Baihrens, Johann Christian 1467

Bahr, Hans-Dieter 115 Bailey, John F. 1269 Baillet, Adrien 1140 Bailly, Francis 180 Baily, Francis 1660 Baja, Roger 373 Baker, George 1388 1438 Baker, W. J. 2263 Baker, W. 0. 2071 Balance, William 1839



156 Index

Baldwin, Roger 1833 Ballester, Luis Garcfa 719 Ballestrasse, Flavio 1712 Balls, Arnold Kent 43 Balme, D. M. 689 Balmer, Heinz 1665 Balmer, Johann Jakob 2099 Baltimore and Ohio

Transportation Museum 583

Bancher, Engelbert 2007 Banet, Leo 2099 Banham, Reyner 550 Banister, John 1309 Bannister, Robert C. 1834 Baran, Jin 1666 Barbensi, Gustavo 1 Barber, Bernard 44 2226 Barber, H. Newton 1268 Barbour, Ian G. 116 Barbut, Marc 939 Barentsz, Willem 980 Bargenda, Udo Wilhelm

1022 Bari6, Ljudevit 1160 Barnshaw, Harold D. 1894 Bar6n Fernindez, Jos6 997 Baroni, W. 1375 Barr, E. Scott 1556 Barr, William F. 1174 Barreiro-Meiro, R. 987 Barret, Anthony A. 690 Barrow, Isaac 1255 Barth, Karl 218 Barth6lemy de Bruges 757 Baruch, J. Z. 854 Basalla, George 1471 Bataillon, Eugene 40 Bathe, Basil W. 554 al-Batt5n! 837 Batten, Alan H. 279 Baudrimont, Alexandre E.

1600 Bayen, Pierre 1238 Bayle, Pierre 1023 Bayley, James E. 1835 Baylor, H. W. 536 Beach, Mark 1518 Beaglehole, J. C. 1268 Beaumont, William 1718

1898 Beiver, Donald de B. 940 Beaver, Patrick 1979a Becherer, Gerhard 288 Beck, J. H. 799 Beck, R. J. 458 Beck, Stanley D. 204 Beckmann, Petr 236 Becquerel, Alexandre

Edmond 1556 Beddoes, Thomas 1890 Bede, Venerable 809 Bedini, Silvio 262 1447 Beebe, Richard 1895 Beecher, Henry K. 513 Beechey, Frederick William

1 777 Beek, Henri H. 807 Beer, Arthur 651 Beer, Gavin de

see De Beer, G. Beer, Georg Joseph 1941 Beese, Friedrich 426 Beilstein, Friedrich K. 1621 Beklemishev, Vladimir 2182 Belaval, Yvon 1022 Bell, Whitfield J., Jr. 18

1376 1377 2179 Bellifemine, Graziano 956 Bellingeri, Carlo Francesco

1712

Belloni, Luigi 24 494 981 1083

Belousov, Lev V. 2180 Bembo, Pietro 967 Ben-David, Joseph 2 Bender, Ruth E. 459 Benedetti, Giambattista

947 Benedict, Michael Les

1896 Benedum, J. 460 Bensidoun, Sylvain 1897 Bensley, Edward H. 1898 Bentham, George 1783 Benz, Ernst 426 Bercovy, David 855 Bergman, Shmuel Hugo

1472 Bergman, Torbern Olof

1175 Bergmann, Peter G. 2104 Bergson, Henri 652 76 2155

Berkeley, Edmund 1310 Berkeley, George 1129

1130 1151 1182 1420 Berlin, Technische

Universitat 5 78 Berlin, Universitat 1530 Berman, Alex 513 1378 Bernabeo, Raffaele 1899 Bernal, John D. 1473 Bernard, Claude 1727 Bernatowicz, Albert J. 1557 Bernhardt, Hannelore 1558 Berninger, Ernst 2100 Bernoulli, Daniel 1462 Bernoulli, Jean (1667-1748)

1462 Bernoulli, Jean (1744-1807) 1258

Bernoulli (family) 1158 Bernus, Alexander 587 Berossos the Chaldean 614 Berthelot, Marcellin Pierre

Eugene 319 Bertman, Martin A. 1024 Bertrand, Gabriel 40 Berzelius, J6ns Jakob 1612 Best, A. E. 1713 Betancourt, Philip P. 601 Betteridge, D. 1559 Beudant, Francois Sulpice

1666 Beylen, J. van 525 Bialas, Volker 1176 1270 Bicknell, Peter J. 622 653

654 Bidder, Friedrich 1704 Bidloo, Nicolaas 1083 Bidwell, James King 237 Biedermann, Alfred 1025 Bieler, Ludwig 752 Bierens De Haan, J. A. 97 Biermann, Kurt-R. 1530

1531 1560 Biggs, Robert 619 Bignardi, Agostino 1311 Bilguer, Johann Ulrich

1407 Biot, Jean Baptiste 263

1496 Bird, Robert Montgomery

1927 Birk, Kasimir 1836 al-B-riini 838 Bischofberger, Roman 1379 Bishop, Lloyd 0. 1177 Biswas, Asit K. 526, 1271 Bitter, Francis 2102 Bitter, Wilhelm 426

Bitterman, M. E. 1837 Black, John 117 Black, Joseph 1263 1386 Blackett, Lord 1268 Blackwell, Elizabeth 1890 Blackwood, Thomas 1920 Blaeu, Joan 1285 Blaeu (family) 1289 1303 Blair, Reuben A. 1731 Blake, James 1567 Blake, John B. 513 808 Blakeslee, Albert F. 2179 Blanco, Richard L. 1900 Blasius de Parma 775 Bleker, Johanna 998 Blemmyde, Nic6phore

see Nicephorus Blemmidas Bliakher, Leonid lakolevich

2181 Blissett, Marlan 1 18 Bloch, Felix 2159 Bloch, Harry 1380 Blondeau, R. A. 1178 Bloom, Alan 527 Blih, Otto 2104 Bliihdorn, Jurgen 1022 Blumenthal, Arthur L. 431 Blund, John 745 Bluth, Edward I. 1901 Boas, Franz 1698 Boas, Ismar 1912 Bobbio, Norberto 1503 Bobinger, Maximilian 528 Bochner, Solomon 3 Bockstaele, Paul P. 1147 Bodin, Jean 978 Boerhaave, Herman 501

1083 1341 Boese, Helmut 787 Boethius 768 Bottcher, Helmuth M. 374 Bogomolets, Aleksandr A. 2259

Bohr, Niels 218 2125 2149 2161

Boirel, Ren6 321 Boisduval, Jean Baptiste

A. E. de 1723 1724 Boissier, Edmond 1808 Bokesovi-Uherova, Maria

461 Boksay, G. 1902 Boldt, Walter B. 106 Bologa, Valeriu L. 462 Boltzmann, Ludwig 1558 Bolzano, Bernard 1472

1528 1529 1537 Bondi, Hermann 318 Bonelli, Maria Luisa Righini

1179 Bonfils, Immanuel ben

Jacob 852 Bonnemain, Henri 1903 Bonnet, Charles 1315

1773 Bonpland, Aim6 1680 Boorman, William H. 514 Bording, Jacob 421 Borelli, Giovanni Alfonso

1167 Borelly, Jacques 1451 Boring, Edward G. 2225

2243 Born, Ignaz 1064 Born, Max 2117 2118 2122

Bosco, Henri 380 Botley, Cecilia M. 941 Botter 1311 Bougainville, Louis Antoine

de 1283



Index 157

Bouillaud, Jean Baptiste 1755

Bouin, Pol 40 Boulding, Kenneth E. 119 Bourbaki, Nicolas 238 Bourde, Andr6 J. 1349 Bourgey, Louis 623 Bourguet, Louis 1258 Boussingault, Jean-Baptiste 1 711

Boutroux, Emile 205 Bov6, Frank J. 393 Bowditch, Nathaniel 1290 Bowers, John Z. 463 494

1381 Box, Steven 130 Boxer, C. R. 1279 Boyd, C. A.R. 1312 Boyd, S.A. C. 1312 Boydston, Jo Ann 2062 Boyer, Carl B. 2288 Boyle, Robert 1174 1225

1651 Braden, William 120 Bradley, A. Day 838 Bradley, Richard 1323

1393 Bradwardine, Thomas 781 Bragg, Lawrence 289 2101 Brahe, Tycho 959 970 Braidwood, Robert J. 602 Brainard, John G. 1983 Bramagupta 867 Brancato, Francesco 1026 Brand, Jeanne 496 Brandmuller, Walter 1180 Brann, Henry Walter 1838 Braun, Alexander 1789 Braun, Wernher von

see Von Braun, Wernher Bray, Martha Coleman

1667 1668 1669 1688 Brayer, Menachem M. 856 Brechka, Frank T. 1382 Breck, Allen D. 318 Brednow, Walter 1714 Breeden, James 0. 1904 Brenev, Igor' V. 2264 Bretschneider, Emil 896 Brewer, William Henry 1720 Bride, William L. 1448 Bridges, John H. 746 Bridgman, Percy Williams 43

Brieger, Gert H. 1784 Briggs, Asa 566 Brigham, Amariah 1889 Bright, Richard 1902 Bringmann, Wolfgang 1839 British Association for the

Advancement of Science 1471

Brittain, James E. 1980 Broad, C. D. 2091 Broadie, Frederick 1027 Broc, Numa 1272 1273

1274 Broca, Paul 1755 Brody, Benjamin 1840 Brody, Boruch A. 52 Broglie, Louis de 2127 Brom, Lourens van den 239 Brongniart, Alexandre 535 Bronwell, Arthur B. 121 Brookhaven National

Laboratory see U.S. Brookhaven National Laboratory

Brouwer, Dirk 43 Brown, Frank A. 590 Brown, John 1428

Brown, Joyce M. 1981 Brown, Sanbom C. 1116

1636 Brown, Theodore M. 1383 Brown, Thomas 1882 Brown, William H. 397 Browne, Thomas 1384

1404 Brownhill, R. J. 122 Brozek, Josef 25 1841 Bruce, M. R. 1313 Bruins, Evert M. 240 1160 Brun, Guillaume 1000 Brunel, Marc Isambard 1986 Brunelleschi, Filippo 801

802 Brunet, Joseph 1449 Bruni Celli, Blas 1519 Bruno, Giordano 916 961 Brunschwig, Hieronymus

999 Brush, Stephen G. 26 290

291 292 1561 2102 2103

Bruylants, Albert 1562 Brzezinski, Zbigniew K. 123 Buchanan, Joseph 1842 Buchdahl, Gerd 1181 1182 Buchheim, Rudolf 1905 Buchheim, Wolfgang 1563 Buchholz, Eduard 691 Buckle, Henry Thomas

1833 1863 Biuchel, Wolfgang 293 Biick-Rich, Ursula 1716 Biuhler, Karl 2208 Buess, Heinrich 1314 Buffon, Georges Louis

1238 1274 1353 1753 1763

Bugyi, Balazs 1028 Bulferetti, Luigi 1564 Bull, J. W. D. 2247 Bullock, William 1813 Bullough, Bonnie 464 Bullough, Vern L. 107

464 1029 Bumann, Waltraud 4 Bumstead, Henry Andrews

1556 Bunge, Mario 67 294 299 Buntz, Herwig 595 Burckhardt, J. J. 1532 Burckhardt, Jacob 1547 Buridan, Jean 781 786 Burke, John G. 533 Burkhardt, Richard W., Jr.

1717 Burlats-Brun, Pierre 1000 Burmeister, Karl Heinz 982 Burndy Library 19 Burnham, F. B. 1523 Burnham, Sherburne Wesley

1553 1554 Burrow, James G. 513 Burton, Robert 809 Busard, Hubert L. L. 839 Bush, Vannevar 2063 2166 Busk, George 1495 Butler, Christopher 241 Butler, Thomas C. 1905 Butlerov, Aleksandr M.

1609 Buttman, Gunther 1565 Butts, Robert E. 1182 Byerly., Perry 342 Byham, Frederich C. 242 Bykov, Georgii Vladimirovich 320 1566 1603

Bylebyl, Jerome J. 1718

Bynum, William F. 1567 Byrn, Edward Wright 1982 Byrnes, Don R. 1030 Byrom, John 1368

CACKOWSKI, Z. 1568 Caille, Jacques 1385 Calcar, Jan Steven van 1007 Calder, Ritchie 102 Caldwell, Lynton K. 124 California Medical Association 2261 California, University, Dept.

of Genetics 2179 Calindri, Serafino 1311 Calinger, Ronald S. 1183 Callus, D. A. 745 Calvert, H. R. 1569 9ambel, Halet 602 Cameron, John L. 1184 Cameron, Nigel 902 Camfheld, Thomas M. 2209 Cammerer, Josef S. 206 Campanella, Tommaso 922 Campbell, Blair 1031 Campbell, George A. 1980

1983 Campbell, Robert D. 344 Campe, Joachim Heinrich

1450 Canadian Pharmaceutical

Association 515 Cancro, Robert 432 Canguilhem, Georges 34

51 53 1719 Cannon, William B. 125 Cano, Juan Sebastian del

985 Canseliet, Eugene 589 791 Cantemir, Dumitriu 1119 Cantor, Geoffrey N. 1570

1571 Cantor, Georg 1541 1547 Cantore, Enrico 207 295 Capps, Donald 1843 Caramella, Santino 1032 Carbonnel, Jean-Pierre 180 Cardano, Girolamo 932 Carey, James W. 2265 Carleton, William G. 208 Carlo, W. E. 2075 Carlson, Eric T. 1360 Carnot, Sadi 1597 1631 Carozzi, Albert V. 332 333

1275 1276 1277 1278 1293

Carpenter, Philo 1946 Carr, David 1494 Carr6, Adrien 465 Carrel, Alexis 2246 2248 Carrigan, Jo Ann 1906 Carrubba, Robert W. 1381 Cartwright, Frederick F.

1386 Cartwright, Maureen 6 Cartwright, William 1312 Carus, Carl Gustav 1 765 Carvin, Walter P. 1033 Casini, Paolo 1185 Casserley, Julian Victor

Langmead 318 2081 Castellani, Carlo 1315 Catling, Harold 529 Cattaneo, Carlo 1984 1503 Cattier, Michel 2210 Caturegli, Giuseppe 1001 Cauchy, Auguste Louis

1537 1550 Cavendish, Henry 1210 Caverni, Raffaello 1521 Cavers, David F. 513



158 Index

Cawood, Charles L. 530 Caws, Peter 67 Cayley, George 1549 Cerineo, Miho 1160 Certeau, Michel de 1844 Chabbert, Pierre 1451 Chabry, Laurent 1796 Chain, Ernst 126 Chakravorty, Ranes C. 874 Chalcidius 683 Challinor, John 1670 Chalmers, A. F. 54 Chamberlain, Rollin Thomas

43 Chamberlin, Thomas C.

1703 Chandra, Helen 127 Chandrasekhar,

Subrahmanyan 127 Chang Kwang-Chih 903 Chapelle, Howard I. 1985 Chapman, Stanley D. 1455 Charcot, Jean Martin 1845

1846 Charlier, J. 1387 Charon, Jean E. 264 Charpentier, Jean de 1665 Chateaubriand, Francoise

Auguste Ren6 de 358 Chaucer, Geoffrey 780

785 795 Chauvenet, William 244 Chelidze, Egor

Gerasimovich 2056 Chen Chan-Yuen

see Ch'en Ts'un-Jen Ch'en Ts'un-Jen 906 Cherniss, H. F. 629 Cheitok, Leon 1846 Chetverikov, Sergei S. 2177 Chia Ssu-hsieh 898 Childs, St. Julieni R. 1388 Chinese Academy of Sciences

see Chung-kuo ko hsiuehyiian Chirkova, L. P. 1502 Chitnis, Anand C. 1671 Chomsky, Noam 225 Chowdhury, K. A. 603 Christian, Curt 95 Christol, Jules de 1685 Chrysokkokes, Michael 852 Chuckerbutty, Soorjo

Coomar Goodeve 1958 Chung-kuo k'o hsueh yuan

2080 Churchill, Frederick B. 410 Cicero, Marcus Tullius 741 Cincinnati Observatory

1584 Cirillo, Vincent J. 1907 Clagett, Marshall 942 779 Clair, Pierre 1036 1086 Clareson, Thomas D. 209 Clarfield, Geiard H. 1389 Clark, Cumberland 917 Clark, George N. 1034 Clark, Leonard 2052 Clark, Mary Virginia 489 Clark, Robert Henry 1816 Clarke, Edwin 411 Clarke, I. F. 128 Clarke, Samuel 1182 Clason, Robert G. 237 Classen, J. 1186 Clausius, Rudolf 1575

1597 2143 Clavelin, Maurice 1205 Clay, Diskin 692 Clements, Paul 1986 Clifford, William Kingdon

1545

Close, Charles 1672 Cloud, Preston E. 334 Clutton, George 1316 Coats, Peter 394 Cohen, I. Bernard 1187

1188 Cohen, Robert S. 318

2104 Cohnheim, Julius 1968 Colebrooke, Henry 1660 Coleman, William 1471

1720 410 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor

1721 Coles, Robert 2211 Collinder, Per 265 Collins, Anthony 1100 Collins, Greenville 1306 Colombo, Realdo 1002 Columbus, Realdus

see Colombo, Realdo Columella, Lucius Junius

Moderatus 789 Combe, George 2058 Commandino, Federico

962 Commelin, Isaac 1279 Company of Surgeons of

London 458 Comte, Auguste 1474 1475

1124 1484 1485 1831 1854 1868 1888

Conant, James B. 1572 2064

Condit, Carl W. 531 Condorcet, Marie Jean

Antoine de 1035 Conradt, Rudiger 55 Conti, Giovanna Grassi 943 Contri, Giovanni 1311 Contro, Walter Salvator 944 Conway, Jill 1847 Cook, James 1268 1298

1457 Cook, Orator F. 1675 Cooke, A. M. 466 Cooksey, A. J. 1987 Coombe, D. E. 1722 Copernicus, Nicolaus 945

944 950 955 960 963 982 1260 1871

Coppel, W. A. 15 3 3 Corbeau, Andr6 918 Cordemoy, Gerauld de 1036 Cordus, Valerius 1010 Cornett, Robert A. 91 Cornford, F. M. 6 29 Corrins, R. D. 1988 Cosmas 811 818 825 Costa, Christovam da 971 Costabel, Pierre 1160 Cotes, Roger 1196 Cotgrove, Stephen 130 Cotta Verlagsbuchhandlung,

Tubingen 1769 Cotter, Charles H. 367 Cottrell, Leonard 1989 Coulter, Harris L. 1908 Coumet, Ernest 243 Cournand, Andr6 131 Cournot, Antoine Augustin

1476 Courrier, Robert 40 Courter, J. W. 395 Courtes, Francis 1719 Coury, Charles 494 Cousins, Frank W. 266 Couzin, Robert A. 1037 Covington, A. E. 279 Cowan, Charles F. 1723

1724

Cowan, Peter 1909 Cowen, David L. 513 Cowgill, Ursula M. 427 Cracow

see Krakow Cranach, Lucas 1017 Crane, Diana 132 Cranefield, Paul F. 809 Crannell, Clarke 2212 Crapulli, Giovanni 946 Cravens, Hamilton 1725 Crellin, John K. 516 Cressant, Pierre 2213 Crick, Francis 2071 Crocetti, Luigi 1013 Crombie, Alistair C. 1038 Cromer, Ward 1848 Crompton, Samuel 1455 Cropper, William H. 2105 Crowther, James G. 133

1477 2065 Cubrani6, Nikola 1160 Cudworth, Ralph 1244 Cuenot, Lucien 40 Cuppers, Heinz 707 Culotta, Charles A. 1726

1727 Cummings, William P. 1280 Cuny, Hilaire 2248 Cunynghame, Henry H. S.

532 Curie, Marie 1651 Curie, Pierre 54 1661 Curjel, H. E. B. 1910 Curtis, James E. 433 Cusanus, Nicholas

see Nicholas of Cusa Cuvier, Georges 1728 1729

1719 1752 Cyriaque de Mangin, Cl6ment

1160 Czesnowa, ltarisa 2182

DADIC, Larko 1160 Daecke, Sigurd Martin 426 Dahne, Siegfried 1573 Daems, Willem F. 810 Dagognet, Francois 321

375 1719 Daguerre, Louis Jacques

Mand6 2024 Dahm, John J. 1039 Dainville, Francois de

see De Dainville, F. Dalcourt, Gerard J. 12 D'Allonnes, Olivier Revault see Revault D'Allonnes, Olivier

Dalrymple, Alexander 1299 Dalton, John 1358 1557

1626 1635 Damian 811 818 825 Damianos see Heliodorus of Larissa

Dandy, J. E. 1317 Daniels, George H. 533 Dankmeijer, J. 1083 Danzer, Klaus 1574 D'Arcy, W. G. 1318 Darnell, Regna 1849 Darrah, William C. 1690 Darwin, Charles 1730 1802 425 443 1706 1709 1710 1719 1731 1733 1737 1742 1744 1748 1751 1758 1774 1775 1776 1803 1821 1828

Datta, Lois-Ellin 134 Daub, Edward E. 1575 Dauer, Manning J. 208 Davenport, Charles B. 2179



Index 159

Davenport, K. 1732 Davenport, William H. 210 David, Keith R. 1850 Davies, Colin 624 625 Davies, R. W. 720 Davis, David B. 1418 Davis, Gerald H. 1485 Davis,JohnW. 1182 Davis, Robert C. 434 Davy, Humphry 109

1386 1647 De Beer, Gavin 1733 De Boer, G. 983 De Borhegyi, Stephan F.

534 Debus, Allen G. 1319 De Dainville, Fran,ois 341 Dee, John 962 Defay, Jacques 190 De Giustino, David A. 2058 Dehergne, Joseph 1208 Deiman, Jan Rudolph 1125 Dejarnac, A. 1406 Delbruck, Max 2183 Delessert, Benjamin 1771 De Ley, Herman 626 743 Delhez, Robert 1734 D'Elia, Donald J. 1851 Delisle, Guillaume 1272 Del-Negro, Walter von 296 Deloach, Will S. 1 177 Delsedime, Piero 655 Demerec, Milislav 2179 Demeunier, Jean-Nicholas

1365 Demi6ville, Paul 1208 Democritus 622 Demopoulos, William 81 Demos, John 1465 Denissoff, Elie 1189 Dennell, R. W. 788 Dent, C. E. 2249 Dent, William 1976 Deregibus, Arturo 2066 DesBarres, J. F. W. 1281 Descartes, Ren6 1040 1041

1042 1148 1320 1361 419 1022 1027 1032 1048 1049 1050 1058 1066 1094 1095 1096 1127 1128 1135 1138 1160 1189 1191 1328

Deshpande, R. T. 875 Desmaze, Charles A. 919 Detharding, Georg 421 Detienne, Marcel 643 Deutsche Physikalische

Gesellschaft 2106 Devons, Samuel 297 Dewey, James 342 Dewey, John 2062 2066

2076 Dewhirst, D. W. 1576 Dewhurst, P. C. 1990 De Witt, Simeon 1294 Dexter, Ralph W. 1735 Diamond, Lewis 2260 Dick, Auguste 1534 Dick, Julius 267 Dickens, Charles 1911 Dickinson, Gordon C. 1673 Dicks, D. R. 656 Dicks, Henry V. 2214 Dickson, Antonia 1991 Dickson, David 156 Dickson, William K. L.

1991 Diderot, Denis 1059 1074

1109 Dieckhofer, Klemens 1390 Di6guez, Manuel de 56

Diemer, Alwin 4 57 1998 Dietheim, Oskar 1466 Dijksterhuis, Eduard J.

1190 Dill, Johann 910 Dilleman, Georges 811 Dingle, Herbert 1577 Dingler, Johann Gottfried 2045

Dioscorides, Pedanius 721 Diphilus of Siphnos 736 Dirkzwager, J. M. 1992 Dmitriev,A.S. 2172 Dobias, Frantisek M. 426 Dobrovol'skii, V. A. 1535 Dobson, Jessie 467 1321 Doby, Tibor 412 Dodd, George 1478 Dodd, Paul A. 2261 Dodds, John W. 496 Dodge, Bayard 832 Doggart, James 1911 Doglia, Gustavo 1416 Doke, Tatsumasa 1736 Dollo, Louis 1754 Domandl, Sepp 920 Donders, F. C. 1841 Dooley, Patrick K. 1479 Doomik, Jacob Elisa 1125 Dorfman, Ia. G. 1502 Dossin Great Lakes Museum

543 Dostrovsky, Sigalla 1191 Dotzen, Roderich 1066 Douglas, Emily Taft 2215 Dowling, Harry F. 513 Downie, R. Angus 1852 Doyle, Arthur Conan 1910 Drake, Daniel 1480 Drake, Stillman 947 1191a

1192 1193 Draper, John William 211 Dreitzel, Helmut 989 Driesch, Hans 1795 Drummond, James 6-27 Duarte, Juan Ciudad 1014 Dublin Philosophical Society

1068 Dubos, Ren6 J. 135 Duchemin, J. 643 Duchesneau, Franqois 1391 Dudek, Louis 203 Dudley, Robert 1297 Duihring, Eugen 298 1483 Duirer, Albrecht 1003 Duff, William 1362- Duffey, Joseph D. 2067 Dufresne, Louis 1812 Duggan, Timothy 1371 Duka, Norbert 812 Duke University, Library

1392 Dumas, Jean Baptiste

1600 1612 Dun, Catherine M. 925 Duncan, Alistar M. 1 175

1194 Dundon, Stanislaus J. 1195 Dunglison, Robley 1718 Dunlap, Orrin E., Jr. 2266 Dunn, Leslie C. 2179 Duns Scotus, Joannes 809 Dunthome, Gordon 1322 Durling, Richard J. 1004 Durrant, Geoffrey 1481 Dwarakanath, C. 876 Dwight, Timothy 1144 Dyott, Thomas W. 2016

EAKINS, Thomas 1894 Eales, Nellie B. 468

Eastlake, Charles Lock 1582 Eastwood, Bruce S. 769

770 Eaton, Amos 1697 Eaton, R. L. 2216 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 1878 Ebert, H. 2106 Eccles, John C. 212 2184 Eckoff, William J. 1076 Ecole Polytechnique, Paris

1449 Edge, D. O. 136 Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden 397 402 Edinburgh, University 1812

1813 Edinburgh, University, Natural History Museum 1671

Edleston,J. 1196 Edwards, Clinton R. 984 Edwards, Everett E. 423 Effe, Bemd 628 Egerton, Frank N. 1323

1393 1737 Egidius of Baisiu 775 Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried 1696

Ehrenfest, Paul 2109 2135 Eichmann, Alfred 1912 Einstein, Albert 1583 1595

1643 1652 1653 2075 2104 2121 2128 2137 2143 2148 2151 2158 2167

Eiseley, Loren C. 137 Eisenhart, Churchill 244 Eisnerova-Spudliova, Vera

1738 1739 1740 Ekrutt, Joachim W. 657 Elbrink, Larry C. 2089 Electrical Research

Association 2282 Eliade, Mircea 899 Eliot, George 1957 Ellenberger, Henri F. 435 Ellington, James 1077 Elliott, Arlene 1993 Elliott, G. W. 535 Ellis, John 1310 Ellis, John H. 1913 Elsas, Madeleine 517 Emblen, Donald L. 1482 Emerson, Ralph Waldo

1490 1511 Emiliani, Luigi 1947 Emmons, Ebenezer 1697 Empedocles 632 698 Enchusen, Walter von 948 Endo, Shinji 1578 Engels, Friedrich 1483

1500 England, J. Merton 2068 Entralgo, Pedro Lain see Lain Entralgo, P.

Epicurus 663 674 675 682

Eratosthenes 666 Erikson, Erik H. 2071

1884 2211 2233 Erlanger, Joseph 43 Erlenmeyer, Emil 1609 Erxleben, Johann Christian Polykarp 1219

Eschenbach, C. E. 421 Espenschied, Lloyd 1983 Esquirol, Jean ttienne Dominique 1853

Euclid 658 680 Eudoxus 662 Euler, Leonhard 248 255

1290



160 Index

Euripedes 711 Eustachi, Bartolomeo 981 Evans, David S. 1565 Evans, Geraint N. D. 1281 Evans, Godfrey 659 Evans, Howard E. 1741 Evans, Mary Alice 1741 Evans, Olwen Caradoc 343 Evans-Pritchard, E. E. 1854 Eves, Howard W. 245 Ewan, Joseph 1309 Ewan, Nesta 1309 Ewers, William 536 Exp6sito, C6sar Rodriguez

1915

FABRICIUS, David 970 Faesi-Gessner, Conrad 1974 Faille, Ren6 1452 Faina, Gianfranco 1453 Fairbairn, William 1994 Falk, John E. 138 139 Fang Hao 885 al-Farabi 830 845 Faraday, Michael 1470 1589 1649

Faribault, Marcel 203 Faris, Nazim 843 al-F1ris? 849 Fairer, Leslie 2214 Faucher, Eugene 1742 Faulkner, Frank 1625 al-Fazarl 847 Fearing, Franklin 436 Fedorov, Evgraf S. 1S32 Fedorowicz, Zygmunt 392

1324 Fedoseev, Ivan A. 335 Feigl, Herbert 27 81 2077 Feinberg, Lawrence 693 Feinstein, Howard M. 1363

1855 Feitzinger, Johannes Viktor

944 Fekete, Sandor 1916 Fel, S. Ye. 1282 Feld, Bernard T. 140 Fellows, Otis 1043 Fermat, Pierre 255 Fermi, Enrico 2126 2162 Fernbach, Sidney 2145 Ferrari d'Occhieppo, Konradin 26 8

Ferr6, Frederick 1475 Ferrers, N. M. 1538 Ferrier, David 1829 Fesl, Michael Josef 1529 Feuer, Lewis S. 1579 Feyerabend, Paul K. 58

81 1182 72 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb

1044 1045 1046 1111 Fichtner, Gerhard 1325 Field, John 494 Figala, Karin 396 Figuier, Louis 588 Figurovskii, Nikolai A. 322 1603

Findlay, J. N. 1492 Fink, Eugen 631 Finley, M. I. 708 Finocchiaro, Maurice A. 28 Fisch, Max H. 91 Fisch, William B. 91 Fischer, Arpad 1917 Fischer, Emil 1591 1594 Fischer, Eric 344 Fischer, Wolfdietrich 836 Fischer-Homberger, Esther 469 1394 1918

Flamand, Elie-Charles 589

Flamel, Nicolas 791 792 Flasch, Kurt 754 Flaubert, Gustave 1956. Fleckenstein, Joachim Otto

1149 1150 Flerov, G. N. 1603 Fletcher, G. 1919 Fletcher, Harold R. 397 Fletcher, John E. 1197

1395 Fleury, P. 1743 Flink, James J. 1995 Flourens, Pierre 1811 Flower, William Henry 1731 Fludd, Robert 1319 Flugge, Johannes 220 Focke, Heinrich 537 Foecke, Harold A. 141 F6ppl, August 2267 1595 F6ppl, Ludwig 2267 Fogel, Martin 1075 Folk, Hugh 142 Folkerts, Menso 948 Folley, S. J. 413 Fontane, Theodor 1742 Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier de 1047

Foote, Edward 1907 Forbes,Alexander 2184 Forbes, Eric G. 269 1198

1199 1200 Forbes, Robert J. 1201 Fordham, Herbert George

345 Foreti6, Vinko 1160 Forster, Robert 1454 Forstmeier, Friedrich 2268 Fort, George F. 813 Fortes, Meyer 1856 Foster, Michael 414 Foster, William D. 470 Foucault, Michel 59 1719

71 83 Fougeyrollas, Pierre 1857 Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph 1533

Fox, Michael 1202 Fox, Robert 29 Fraisse, Paul 2217 Frame, Edith 1580 Francesco de Marchia 781

786 Frank, Philipp 2104 Frankfurt, Harry G. 1048 Frankfurter Chemischen Gesellschaft 1996

Frankland, Edward 1495 Franklin, William E. 1920 Franz, Marie-Louise von 426 Fraser, Thomas Richard

1567 Frazer, James 1852 Frederick II 826 827 Frege, Gottlob 1536 Freiesleben, Hans Christian

1203 French, Gilbert J. 1455 French, Richard D. 1744

1745 French, Thomas M. 2218 Frenkel, Viktor Ia. 2107

2108 2109 Frerichs, J. B. 1427 Freshwater, M. Felix 1396 Freud, Ernst L. 1859 Freud, Sigmund 1858

1859 164 1037 1836 1838 1840 1843 1844 1846 1848 1857 1860 1861 1870 1871 1880 1883 1887 1891 1892 2219 2227 2236

Freudenthal, Hans 299 Freundlich, Rudof 95 Frey, Gerhard 95 Frick, Karl 1467 Friedlander, Gordon D. 19 Friedman, Bruno 143 Friedrich, Hannes 144 Friedrich II der Grosse

see Frederick II Friis, Herman R. 1674 Frisch, David H. 2110 Frisch, Otto R. 2111 Fritz, Kurt von 629 Fromm, Erich 2219 Fuchs, Leonhard 935 Fujii, Yoichiro 1581 2173 Fuller, Richard Buckminster

145 2269 Furley, David J. 629 Furlong, G. 985 Furth, Charlotte 2069 Fuson, Robert H. 346 Fussell, George E. 424 Fyrth, Hubert J. 5

GADE, Daniel W. 16 75 Gain, D. B. 660 Gaisinovich, A. E. 1746

1747 1748 Galbreath, Robert 2059 Galdston, Iago 496 Gale, George 1204 Gale, John 1676 Galen 685 717 719 722

726 729 740 819 Galifret, Yves 34 Galilei, Galileo 1205 1206

947 1163 1164 1174 1179 1180 1191 1191a 1193 1209 1212 121S 1232 1249 1250 1259 1267 1458

Galishoff, Stuart 1921 Gall, Franz Josef 1770

1773 1811 1829 Galvani, Luigi 1330 Gamer-Wallert, Ingrid 617 Gamow,George 318 2112

2171 Gandy, Robin 0. 2090 Gandz, Solomon 840 Garard, Ira D. 323 Garcia Ballester, Luis

see Ballester, Luis Garcia Garden, Alexander 1310 Gardner, Martin 246 270 Gardner, William S. 471 Garfield, E. 20 Gargani, Aldo G. 1049 Gargrove, George 1168 Garin, Eugenio 1207 Garrison, Fielding H. 472 Gascoigne, Thomas 747 Gaskell, E. 1397 Gasking, Elizabeth Q$. 376

410 Gassendi, Pierre 682 1088 Gaston, Jerry 146 Gatzemeier, Matthias 630 Gaubil, Antoine 1208 Gauquelin, Michel 590 Gaur, D. S. 877 Gauss, Karl Friedrich 1531

1587 1620 Gay-Lussac, Joseph L. 46

1628 Gebser, Jean 426 Geddes, Patrick 1847 Gedo, John E. 1860 Geike, Archibald 1690 Geist, Donald C. 1749



Index 161

Geldsetzer, Lutz 4 Gelfand, Toby 1398 Gelsinger, Bruce E. 796 Gemilian, V. A. 1607 Geneslay, E. H. 271 Genetics Society of America 2179

Genovesi, Anitonio 1207 Geoffrin, Marie Th6rese

1085 George, A. D. 538 George, Frank H. 147 George, Pulivelil M. 148 Gerber, Gerald E. 1997 Gerbert

see Sylvester II, pope Gergonne, Joseph Diez 1544 Gerhardt, Charles F. 1612 Gericke, Helmuth 247 Gerlach, Walther 220 2113 German, Ambrose 709 Gerstner, Patsy A. 1750 Geselevich, Anatolii M.

1922 Gesner, Konrad 968 Getaldi6, Marin see Ghetaldi, M.

Geulen, Reiner 192 Gewirth, Alan 1050 Geymonat, Ludovico 1484 Ghetaldi, Marino 1160 Ghiselin, Michael T. 1 733 Giannelloni, Paul 1051 Gibbons, M. 539 Gibbs-Smith, Charles H. 2270

Gibson, William Carleton 415 1326

Giddings, Franklin Henry 1875

Gieben, Servus 747 Giere, Wolfgang 2195 Gilbert, Albin R. 2220 Gilbert, William 309 Gilfillan, S. Colum 540 Gilkey, Langdon 213 Gillespie, Alan R. 604 Gillespie, Neal C. 1485 Gillings, R. J. 611 Gillispie, Charles Coulston 41

Gilson, Etienne 1751 Gingerich, Owen 272 Girard, A. 1793 Giraud, Jeanne 21 Girbal, Fran,ois 1036 Girill, T. R. 1209 Glacken, Clarence J. 358 Glanvill, Joseph 1052

1053 Glass, Bentley 67 149 225 Glauber, Johann Rudolph

1211 1468 Gleisberg, Hermann 541 Glezerman, G. E. 1486 Glick, Thomas F. 797 Gliozzi, Mario 1054 1210 Gliwitsky, Hans 1045 Gmelin, Leopold 326 Gnemmi, Angelo 921 Gobar, Ash 1487 Gobineau, Joseph Arthur

1805 Godber, George 2250 Goddard, Ester C. 2271 Goddard, Robert H. 2271 Goebel, Karl 1809 Goenner, Hubert 2104 G6rgemanns, Herwig 661 Goetel, Walery 1999

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 1582 1659 1763 1786 1794 1839

Goetsch, Hans A. 612 Goetz, Bruno 1861 Goff, Frederick R. 949 Gohau, Gabriel 336 1752

1753 Goichon, Am6lie M. 831 Goldberg, Stanley 1583 Goldfarb, Stephen 1584 Goldin, Grace 1923 Goldsmith, Edward 214 Goldsmith, Maurice 5 Goldstein, Signe Barbara B.

300 Gollin, Gillian Lindt 1862 Gollob, Hedwig 2000 Gollwitzer, Heinz 1022 Golovin, Grigorii L. 2272 Gomberg, Moses 43 Gombrich, E. H. 1488 Gomez Miedes, Bernardino

930 Goodale, Hubert D. 2179 Goodman, Neville M. 2250 Goody, Brian R. 986 Goran, Morris H. 301 Gorer, Richard 398 Gorfunkel, Aleksandr K. 922 Goryui, Asada 1236 Gottshalk, D. W. 91 Gouhier, Henri 1055 Gould, Stephen Jay 337

1754 Gouldner, Alvin W. 437 Gowing, Margaret 129 Grabski, Andrzej Feliks

1863 Graham, George 2251 Graham, Thomas 1580

1614 Graig, Gordon Y. 1690 Grandjean, Bent Otte 103 Grass6, Pierre P. 373 Grattan-Guinness Ivor 248

1151 1537 Grau, Gerd-Guinther 215 Graunt, John 1142 Gray, Asa 1709 Gray, J. Stanley 2221 Gray, Virginia 2185 Graziano, Anthony N. 2221 Great Britain, Board of Agriculture 2001

Great Britain, Committee on the Machinery of the U.S. 2002

Great Britain, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 2073 2084

Great Britain, Parliament 1489 1924 1925 2003 2004

Greaves, Richard L. 1056 Green, George 1585 Green, George (1793-1 841)

1538 Green, J. Malcolm 1399 Greenaway, Frank 1083

1211 Greenblatt, Samuel H. 1755 Greenwich, Royal

Observatory 269 273 274 Gregorius a S. Vincentio

1147 Greiner, Karl 1005 Gridgeman, Norman T. 249 Grienberger, Christoph

1147

Grigor'ian, Ashot Tigranovich 1057 1212 1651

Grimm, Tilemann 1022 Grisard, Jean 1160 Grmek, Mirko Drazen 30

494 1006 1070 1160 1400

Grondona, Felice 591 Grosseteste, Robert 747

769 770 Grosz, Frederic 1934 Groth, Paul H. 368 Grotjahn, Martin 1891 Groves, Leslie R. 2114 Griinbaum, Adolf 2078 Gu6guen, Edouard 1401 Gueroult, Martial 1022

1058 Guerra, Francisco 494 496

914 Guest-Gornall, R. 473 Guicciardi, Ren6 150 Guillaume d'Auvergne 746 Guillaume de Moerbeke 751

760 Guillen, J. F. 987 Guitton, Jean 373 Gulliksen, Harold 2222 Gummert, Heinz 1998 Gunderson, Keith 81 416 Gupta, L. P. 877 Gurnett-Smith, A. F. 151 Gurney, Edmund 2060 Gurumurthy, S. 878 Gurvich, Alexsandr

Gavrilovich 2180 Gussow, Zachary 1926 Guthrie, W. K. C. 629 Gutmann, Viktor 2005 Guttenberg, Hermann von 404

Gutzen, Dieter 1059

HAAGE, Bernhard 814 Haber, Charlotte 1586 Haber, Fritz 1586 Haberman, H. F. 880 Habermas, Jiirgen 115 Hacker, Sidney G. 1152 Hadfield, Charles 2023 Hadot, Pierre 232 Haen, Anton de 1083 1466 Haussling, Ansgar 302 Hagen, Karl Gottfried 1641 Hagstrom, Warren 0. 44 Hahn, Otto 2115 2100 2113 Hahnemann, Samuel 1832 Haight, Milton 1527 Hain, Mathilde 825 Haisinski, M. N. 1603 Halacy, Daniel S., Jr. 417 Hales, Stephen 1327 Hall, A. Rupert 1 101 Hall, Asaph 2 72 Hall, Bert S. 988 Hall, Elizabeth Cornelia 400 Hall, G. Stanley 1872 Hall, James 1518 Hall, John 1364 Hall,John S. 2116 Hall, Marie Boas 1060 1 101 Hall, Richard J. 950 Hall, Thomas S. 1328 Hall, Tord 250 1587 Hall,TrevorH. 1153 Halle, Universitat,

Medizinische Fakultat 1407 Haller, Albrecht von 419

1314 1330 1338



162 Index

Haller, John S., Jr. 1864 1865

Haller, Rudolf 95 Halley, Edmond 358 1173

1271 1290 1305 Hamarneh, Sami K. 494

857 858 Hamesse, Jacqueline 748 Hamilton, Horace E. 1061 Hamilton, John Bowen

1927 Hamilton, William Rowan

1478 1563 Hammond, L. Davis 1283 Hand, Wayland D. 474 Hankins, Thomas L. 1062 Hannover, Technische Hochschule 1998

Hanson, Norwood Russell 81 1182 46

Hara, Kokiti 1154 Harden, Arthur 1635 Hardy, Godfrey H. 2091 2095

Hardy, James 1438 Hardy, Robert J. 1142 Hare, Ronald 2252 Hargreave, D. 662 Hariot, Thomas

see Harriot, T. Harley, J. B. 1292 1672 al-Harrani see Thabit Ibn Qurrah al-Harrini

Harr6, Romano 60 61 Harrington, John W. 337

338 Harriot, Thomas 994 1160 1162

Harris, H. S. 91 Harris, J. I. 1919 Harris, John 306 Harrison, John 1269 Harrod, Roy 254 Harry, Brigid 663 Hart, Cyril 771 Hart, Gerald D. 815 Hartcup, Guy 2070 Harth, Phillip 1087 Hartley, David 1851 Hartlib, Samuel 1063 1265 Hartmann, Eduard von 1843 Hartmann, Hans 1715 Hartmann, Heinz 2241 Hartmann, Lillian 297 Hartmann, Rolf 944 Hartner, Willy 841 651 Harvey, P. D. A. 798 Harvey, W. S. 1456 Harvey, William 501 1049

1314 1319 1346 1352 1415 1437

al-Hasan see Sa'id Ibn al-Hasan

Hasdai Crecas 833 Hashimoto, Keizo 891 Haskins, Caryl P. 216 Hassler, Ferdinand Rudolph

244 Haubelt, Josef 1064 Haugrud, Raychel A. 1490 Hauksbee, Francis 1213 Haiiy, Ren6 Just 1600 Haviland, Thomas N. 475 Hawes, Joseph M. 1866 Hawes, Lloyd E. 476 Hawkes, Jacquetta G. 605 Hawkins, Thomas W. 1539 Haworth, L. L. 91 Hawthome, Robert M., Jr.

1588

Hayes, Eugene Nelson 2223 Hayes, Tanya 2223 Hayli, Avram 1214 Haymaker, Webb 418 Haynes, Richard P. 91 al-Haytham

see Alhazen Heald, P. J. 324 Heard, John F. 279 Heath, Peter 1046 Heaviside, Oliver 1980 Hechtlinger, Adelaide 1928 Heckmann, G. 2117 Hedberg, Sten 789 Hedin, Lars-Erik 552 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm

Friedrich 1491 1492 Heiberg, Johan Ludvig 658 Heidegger, Martin 631 2061 Heidel, W. A. 629 Heider, Fritz 2224 Heimann, P.M. 1589 Heimsoeth, Heinz 1065 Hein, Hilda 377 Heinekamp, Albert 1066 Heinrich von Langenstein

775 Heinz, Rudolf 4 Heischkel-Artelt, Edith 325 Heisenberg, Werner 62 217 303 2118 2145

Heitler, Walter 63 Held, Richard 436 Heliodorus of Larissa 769 Heller, Bruno 304 Heller, John L. 1329 Helson, Harry 2225 Helv6tius, Claude Adrien

1108 Hemert, Paulus van 1125 Hemleben, Johannes 1215 Hempel, Carl G. 81 Henderson, G. P. 1216

1590 Henderson, Lawrence J.

2226 Hendley, Brian 749 Henrichs, Norbert 4 Henry, J. T. 542 Henry, Joseph 1518 Henry, Thomas 1247 Henry, William 1642 Henry of Hesse

see Heinrich von Langenstein

Hensen, Victor 1 798 Heraclides of Pontus 659 Heraclitus of Ephesus 629

631 673 Herbert, William 1819 Herbig, G. H. 2119 Herbst, Curt 1 796 Herder, Johann Gottfried von 1097 1773 1794

Heresbach, Konrad 989 Hermann, Armin 1629

1630 Hermann, Ludimar 1790 Hermes, Hans 1022 Herneck, Friedrich 1591

1592 1677 2120 2121 2122

Herrlinger, Robert 477 Herrmann, Dieter B. 1217

1218 1219 1220 Herrmann, Theo 4 Hcrschel, Caroline 1569 Herschel, John 1565 1569

1660 Hcrschel, William 1615

1662

Hershbell, Jackson P. 632 Hertz, Heinrich 1658 Hervouet, Yves 886 Hesiod 632 Hesnard, A. 2227 Hess, Eugene L. 2186 Hesse, Mary 31 81 Hest, F. van 743 Hestermeyer, Wilhelm 1155 Heuck, Claus 2273 Heyde, Doris 910 Hiebert, Erwin N. 1593

2104 Hilbert, David 1546 Hilgetag, Gunter 1594 Hill,Brian 1929 1930

1931 Hill, Christopher 1067 Hill, Dorothy 1268 Hillman, James 438 Hills, Richard L. 2006 Hilton, George 543 Hilton, Ronald 98 Himsworth, Harold 64 Hindley, Henry 1461 Hinrichs, Gustavus 1663 Hintikka, Jaakko 65 318 Hintzsche, Erich 1083 Hinze, Oscar Marcel 426 Hippasus of Metapontum

629 Hippocrates 718 728 732

739 742 743 Hirosige, Tetu 2123 2124 Hirst, Thomas Archer 1495 Hobsbaum, E. J. 169 Hochstetter, Erich 1022 Hodges, Henry 710 Hodges, Wayne L. 152 Hodgkiss, A. G. 1678 Hodson, Donald 347 Holder, Helmut 1022 Holscher, Uvo 629 Holzl, Josef 2007 Hoppner, Hans-Joachim

1156 Howe, Gunter 218 Hoff, Jacobus Hendricus van't 2129

Hoffmann, Anna 1529 Hofmann, Joseph Ehrenfried

966 1157 1221 Hogben, Lancelot T. 6 Hogg, Helen Sawyer 279 Hogg, 0. F. G. 544 Hohenauer, Gottfried 2008 Holcroft, Harold 1990 Holliday, Leslie 305 Holloway, S. 1932 Holmes, George Frederick

1485 Holmfield, John D. 1493 Holton, Gerald 153 306

307 1595 2071 2104 2125 2126

Holtsmark, Torger 1222 Holttum, R. E. 399 Holub, Miroslav 154 Homberger, Eric 2127 Home, Roderick W. 1330 Homer 691 Hommel, Rudolf P. 904. Hooker, C. A. 2128 Hooker, Joseph D. 1495 Hookham, Hilda 842 Hooykaas, R. 32 Hooijer, C. R. 606 Hooke, Robert 1277 Hope, James 1901 Ho Peng-Yoke 892 Ho Ping-Yu 889



Index 163

Hopkins, H. J. 545 Hoppe-Seyler, Felix 1 726 Hoppen, K. Theodore 1068 Hopps, Donald W. 2072 Horace 668 Horn, Joshua 2253 Horn, Werner 1679 Horsford, Eben Norton

1632 Horsky, Zden6k 750 Horsley, Victor 1816 Horticultural Society of New

York 400 Hoskin, Michael A. 1223

1327 Hossard, Jean 1402 Houston, William V. 2159 Houte, H. J. van 1641 Howell, Wilbur Samuel 1069 Howells, John G. 1364 Howse, Derek 273 274

1457 Hoyle, Fred 2127 Hoytink, G. J. 2129 Hromadka, Josef L. 426 Hsi K'ang 911 Huard, Pierre A. 494 496

1070 1403 1867 1933 Huarte, Juan 1014 Hubble, Douglas 496 Hubble, Edwin Powell 43 Hubicki, Wlodzimierz 1224 Hudson, J. D. 155 Huerta-Jourda, Jos6 1540 Huggens, Charles 2187 Hughes, Barnabas B. 772 Hughes, Patrick 2174 Hull, Albert Wallace 43 Hull, David L. 378 Humboldt, Alexander von

1680 1756 332 333 340 1560 1677 1715 1737 1817

Humboldt, Wilhelm von 1715

Hunt, Charles B. 1690 Hunt, R. W. 745 Hunter, John 1321 1429

1442 Hunter, William 1331 Hurwitz, Siegmund 426 Huschke, Phillipp Eduard

664 Husserl, Edmund 1494

1540 2078 Huston, K. Garth 1404 Hutchinson, Beresford

1457 Hutchinson, Eric 2073 Hutchinson, Jonathan 1935. Hutin, Serge 592 1071 Huxley, Julien 2188 Huxley, Thomas Henry

1757 1758 1759 1495 1799

Huygens, Christiaan 1142 1191

IAROSHEVSKII, Mikhail G. 1502

IBM 2280 Ibn al-Haytham

see Alhazen Ibn Sina

see Avicenna Ibn Yuinis 844 Ihloff, Friedrich W. 944 Ikeda, K. 1522 Illingworth, Charles 1331

Imbault-Huard, M. J. 1403 1867

Imbert, Claude 1536 Imperial Institute of Physics

and Technology 1512 Ingenieros, Jos6 1830 Innsbruck, Universitat 1445 Institute of Applied Optics 2134

Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Tokyo 2132

loffe, Abram Fedorovich 2108

Irving, Washington 1895 Ishihara, Akira 907 Ishimoto, Mishio 2173 Isnardi-Parente, Margherita 665

Isoldi, Angela Maria Jacobelli 1072

Istanbul, Topkapi Sarayi Muzesi 363

Itakura, Kinyonobu 2132 Ivanenko, Dmitri D. 318 Iversen, Audrey Notvik

1293 Ives, Joseph 2029 Izak, Samuel 1934

JACKSON, Charles 0. 2254 Jackson, Hugh 1755 Jackson, Joseph Gray 1983 Jackson, Stanley W. 1332 Jacob, Hans 1045 Jacob, James R. 1225 Jacobi, Abraham 1953 Jacobi, Carl Gustav Jacob 255 1560

Jacobi, Horst 518 Jacobi, Jolande 2231 Jacobini, Luigi Clemente 1311 Jacomo Vanni, Mariano di,

called Taccola 799 Jacquin, Nicolas-Joseph

1318 Jadon, Samira Y. 859 860 Jaeger, Fritz 1699 Jaeger, Werner 1 707 Jaffe, Aniela 2228 Jagannatha 864 Jagiellonian University

see Krakow, Universytet Jagiell6nski

Jaki, Stanley L. 1596 James, D. Geraint 1935 James, E. 0. 275 James, William 1479 1487

1835 1850 1855 1884 Jameson, Robert 1671

1812 1813 Jameson, William Wilson

2250 Jamieson, Michael 2009 Janczy, Jan 1666 Jandolo, Michele 478 Janeway, William 2127 Janin, L. 951 Jarcho, Saul 479 722 1936 Jaucourt, Louis de 1085 Jaynes, Julian 1073 Jeffrey, Francis 1882 Jena, Universitat 1260 Jennings, Edward M. 219 Jennings, Herbert Spencer

2179 Jensen, Claus 666 Jensen, J. Vernon 1495 Jensen, Jens Juhl 667 668

Jeremy, David John 1464 Jetter, Dieter 1405 1937 Jettmar, Karl 607 Joannes Philoponus 751

781 Joannes Scotus, Erigena

752 Job, Georg 1597 Johannes de Muris 778 Johansson, Ulf R. 952 John of Salisbury 749 Johns, Charles Alexander

1722 Johns, Gerald 276 546 Johnson, C. 539 Johnson, Phillip E. 1541 Johnson, Richard 1. 1761

1762 Johnson, Stephen L. 2255 Johnson, William Branch

547 Joncich, Geraldine 2229 Jones,A.G.E. 1681 Jones, Daniel P. 2133 Jones, David N. 1226 Jones, Joseph 1904 Jones, Robert Alun 1868 Jones, Russell M. 1938 Jones, Tom B. 1284 Jong, Helena M. E. 974

1468 Joravsky, David 2189

2190 Jordan, Pascual 215 Jordanus Nemorarius 772 Josephi, Johann Wilhelm

421 1827 Josephs, Herbert 1074 Josephson, Brian 2098 Jouanna, Jacques 723 Joyeux, B. 1406 Judd, Deane B. 1582 Juhos, B6la 95 Julien, Pierre 1939 Jung, Carl Gustav 593 2230

2231 2228 2235 2239 2240

Jungius, Joachim 1227 Jungk, Robert 220 Just, Klaus Gunther 2010

KAEMPFER, Engelbert 463 1381

Kahane, Ernest 34 1496 Kahn, Arthur D. 711 Kaila, Eino 65 Kaiser, Wolfram 480 1407 Kalep, Teodor 2055 Kalkar, Jan Steven van

see Calcar, J. S. van Kalm, Pehr 1333 Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike

1644 Kaminer, L. V. 1502 Kamitz, Reinhard 95. Kanaev, Ivan I. 1763 Kangro, Hans 1075 1227

1598 1599 Kanitscheider, Bernulf 95 Kansas State University

Library 1334 Kant, Immanuel 1076 1077

76 1065 1076 1093 1125 1171 1182 1286

Kapil, R. N. 868 Kaplan, David 318 Kaplan, Norman 44 Kapoor, Satish C. 1600 Kappes, Heinz 426 Kargon, Robert H. 1471



164 Index

Karnick, C. R. 879 Kastler, Alfred 143 Kauffman, George B. 1603 Kaufman, Martin 1940 Kaulbach, Friedrich 1022 Kaunzner, Wolfgang 773 953 954

Kearney, Hugh 108 Kedrov, Bonifatii

Mikhailovich 1497 1498 1499 1603 2074

Kekul6, August 1568 1603 Kelbg, Gunter 308 Kelle, V. Zh. 66 Keller, Alex G. 990 Keller, H. 905 Kellerman, William Ashbrook

1779 Kelley, Edward 975 Kelly, Matthew A. 152 Kelvin, William Thomson

1585 2127 Kemp, Martin 1007 Kempfi, Andrzej 955 Kenaga, H. H. 536 Kennedy, Edward S. 843

844 Kenney, Louis A. 1245 Kenney, W. Henry 2191 Kenny, Anthony, 1042 1050 Kepler, Johann 272 309

1176 1203 1236 1245 1251 1266

Kerkkonen, Martti 1333 Keswani, N. H. 494 496 Kettler, Louis-Heinz 2192 Kevan, D. Keith McE. 1764 Khairetdinova, N. G. 845 Khan, M. S. 831 Kheel, Theodore W. 152 Khomizuri, G. P. 339 Kiefer, Howard E. 67 Kieser, Dietrich Georg 1714 Kiley, John F. 2075 Killian, James R., Jr. 145 Kilmister, Clive W. 1601 Kimura, Yojiro 1335 King, Lester S. 1083 1408

1409 Kingsford, Peter W. 548 Kingslake, H. G. 2134 Kingslake, R. 2134 Kipp, Petrus Johannes 2041 Kircher, Athanasius 1228

1197 1234 1252 1395 Kirchner, John H. 2232 Kirchner, Walther 1410 Kirk, G. S. 629 Kiro, S. N. 1542 Klare, Gerhard 1602 Klebitius, Wilhelm 965 Klechkovskii, V. M. 1603 Klein, David B. 439 Klein, Martin J. 1604 2135 Kleiner, Scott A. 68 Klemke, E. D. 2092 Klemm, Friedrich 1458 Klemm, Fritz 969 Klimaszewsky, Gunter 1500

1605 Kline, Morris 225 Klopfer, Leopold E. 109 Kloppe, Wolfgang 1765 Klukoff, Philip J. 1411 Knight, David C. 2274 Knopf, Adolph 43 Koch, H. William 2136 Koch, Hans 669 Kock, Wolfgang 494 Kohler, Wolfgang 2212 Koehn, Donald 91

Koelbing, Huldrych M. 1941 Koeman, Cornelius 980

1285 Konig, Gert 4 1078 Korting, Johannes 549 Koestler, Arthur 440 225. Kohlsaat, Heike 1336 Kolankowski, Zygmunt 22

1606 Kollins, E. D. 1542 Kol'man, E. 1502 Kolokol'tsova, I. G. 1607 Kol'tsov, A. V. 1502 Koneffke, G. 1450 Kopelevich, Iu. Kh. 1337 Kortum, Carl Anton 146 7 Kosman, L.A. 670 Kostaras, Grigorios Ph. 694 Kotlan, Franz 1608 2007 Kottek, Samuel 816 Kourenoff, Paul M. 481 Kouwenhoven, John A. 550 Kowalczyk, Maria 753 Kowalewski, Zdzistow 33 Koyr6, Alexandre 945 Kraeft, Dietrich 308 Kratz, Otto 1609 Krafft, Fritz 309 671 Kraft, Peter 969 Kraft, Victor 95 Krakow, Akademia G6rniczo-Hutniczo 1999

Krakow, Universytet Jagiell6nski 753

Kramar, F. D. 1535 Kramer, Edna E. 251 Kramer, Hermann 95 Kravogl, Johann 1978 Krebs, Hans A. 2193 Krech, David 225 Krichev, Alan 1839 Krivatsy, Peter 976 Kropotkin, Petr A. 1687 Krotikov, V. A. 1603 Kruger, Lorenz 69 Kruta, Vladislav 1766 1767 Kryfiski, Stanislaw 1682 Kuczynski, Jurgen 7 Kudlien, Fridolf 494 724 Kutzing, Friedrich Traugott

1768 Kuhn, Dorothea 1769 Kuhn, Thomas S. 44 70 49 72 106 950

Kuiper, F. B. J. 863 Kula, Witold 104 Kuliabko, E. S. 2194 Kulikovskii, Piotr G. 256 Kunz, Reinhard 1338 Kunz, Wilhelm 426 Kuo, David Dah-Chuen

2076 Kuratowski, Kazimierz 2093 Kuribayashi, Ken 672 695 Kuzin, Aleksandr A. 1502

2011 Kuznetsov, Boris Grigor'evich

310 923 1501 1502 2137 2138

Kuznetsov, V. I. 2165 Kuinicka, Barbara 519

LABARRE, Albert 696 Lacaita, Carlo G. 1503

1984 Lacan, Jacques 2227 La Casce, Steward 1412 Lacharit6, Normand 71 Lacho, John 1046

Lacroix, Alfred 40 Lacroze, Ren6 1079 Ladriere, Jean 190 Lagerspety Kari Y. H. 379 Lagrange, tmile 482 LaHire, Philippe de 1191 Lahiri, Dipankar 869 Lain Entralgo, Pedro 725

997 Lakatos, Imre 49 Lakoff, Sanford A. 2139 Lal, Shivaji 156 LaLande, Andr6 254 Lamarck, Jean Baptiste

1717 1739 Lambert, Aylmer Bourke

1787 Lambo, T. Adeoye 496 La Mettrie, Julien Offray de

1031 Lamontagne, Maurice 203 Lamy, Bernard 1139 Lanczos, Cornelius 252 Land6, Alfred 318 Lang, Arend W. 365 Langley, Samuel Pierpont

1624 Langtry, David I. 1942 Lansing, Dorothy I. 1413 Lanteri-Laura, Georges 1770 Laplace, Pierre Simon 81

175 244 1496 Laplanche, Jean 1858 Laplassotte, Frangois 1339 Lapointe, Frangois H. 441 Lapp, Ralph E. 157 La Ram6e, Pierre de 924

925 926 919 Larcher, F. R. 766 Larder, David F. 1610 Larmore, Lewis 2140 Lasagna, Louis 513 Lasegue, Antoine 1771 Lashchyk, Eugene M. 72 Laskowski, Wolfgang 220 Lasserre, Frangois 673 Lasswitz, Kurd 2010 Latham, Robert 1106 Latrobe, Benjamin Henry

1937 Lattin, Harriet Pratt 277 Lau, Lawrence J. 2087 Lauch, Annelies 1080 Laudan, Laurens L. 1182 Laurence, B. R. 483 Laurent, Auguste 1600

1612 Laurie, P. S. 1611 Lauth, Reinhard 1045 Lavater, Johann Caspar

1338 Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent

1194 1238 1239 1726 Lawrence, Ernest Orlando

43 Layton, Edwin 533 Leaf, Alexander 158 Lebel, Maurice 203 Lebert, Herman 1705 Lebesque, Henri Leon

1539 Lebzeltern, Gustav 2208 Le Cat, Claude-Nicolas

1402 Lecocq, Pascal 1008 Le Conte, Joseph 1772 Le Dantec, F6lix A. 1793 Lederman, Leon M. 2141 Leeuwenhoek, Antonie van

1348 Lefevre, Charles 633



Index 165

Lefevre d'Etaples, Jacques 929

Lefschetz, Solomon 1543 Legrand, G6rard 634 Le Grand, Yves 73 Le Gros, Thomas 1404 Lehman, Herbert H. 838 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von 1022 1033 1037 1057 1058 1071 1078 1091 1092 1093 1098 1102 1118 1119 1132 1134 1137 1149 1156 1157 1182 1202 1204 1427

Leicester, Henry M. 1230 Leighton, Ann 1340 Lejewski, Czeslaw 318 Lemaitre, Georges 2147 Lemay, Edna 1365 Lembeck, Fred 2195 Lenin, Vladimir 1. 1477

1486 1497 1498 1499 1501 1502 1504 1520 1552 1592 1605 1645 1692 1747 2074

Lenke, Walter 970 Leonardo da Vinci 918

923 942 Leppik, E. E. 2196 Leppmann, Wolfgang 1081 Leriche, Ren6 40 Lerner, Michel-Pierre 635 Lesevich, V. V. 1686 Lesky, Erna 484 494

1083 1414 1773 1943 Lessa, William A. 900 Lesvios, Benjamin 1590 Leurechon, Jean 1153 Levere, Trevor H. 1229

1612 Levey, Martin 861 1009 Levi, Annalina 991 Levi, Mario 991 Levi ben Gershon 775

848 Levin, Michael E. 2094 L6vi-Strauss, Claude 9 2213 2223 2237 2238

Levy, Darline Gay 1366 Levy, Edwin, Jr. 2142 Levy, Howard S. 907 Lewis, Aubrey 496 Lewis, M. J. T. 551 Lewthwaite, Gordon R.

1683 Ley, Hermann 221 Libbert, Eike 404 Li Che-Tchen

see Li Shih-Chen Lichtenberg, Georg Christoph

1082 1219 Lick, Dale W. 1158 Liddel, William A. 2012 Lieben, Fritz 325 Liebener, Leonhard von

2008 Lieber, Elinor 726 Liebig, Justus von 1632 Liebreich, Oscar 1905 Lightbrown, R. W. 1460 Li Hui-Lin 897 898 Lilly, Josiah Kirby, Sr.

1417 Limoges, Camille 1719

1774 1775 1776 Lincoln, A. 1777 Lindberg, David C. 774

775 782 Lindeboom, Gerrit A. 494

1083 1341

Linden, George W. 91 Lindsay, Jack 706 1241 Lindsay, Robert Bruce

1613 Linenbrink, Sister Mary

Cecilia 2197 Linguet, Simon 1366 Link, Eugene P. 1944 Linn6, Carl von 1329

1334 1356 Linnenberg, Friedrich 1699 Lippert, Walter 326 Li Shih-Chen 913 Lister, Joseph 1 713 Lister, Raymond 348 Litke, Fedor Petrovjch

1664 Littman, M. L. 727 Littman, Robert J. 727 Lloyd, G. E. R. 629 Lloyd, John T. 1585 Locke, J. L. 279 Locke, John 809 1069

1103 1146 Lockyer, Joseph Norman 1617

Loser, Wolfgang 2013 Lother, Rolf 1778 Loewe, Michael 887 Loewi, Otto 2195 Logan, James 1084 Logsdon, John M. 2275 Lohne, J. A. 776 846 Lokken, Roy N. 1084 Lombardi, Franco 733 Lomonosov, Mikhail

Vasil'evich 1230 1226 Longuet-Higgins, H. C. 129 Lonsdale, Kathleen 159

222 L6pez Sanchez, Jos6 485 Lorch, Jacob 1804 Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon

1578 1643 1652 2151 Lortie, L6on 203 Loschmidt, Josef 1588 Lough, John 1085 Louis, Pierre 697 Love, J. Barry 1231 Lovell, Maurice 160 Lowden, Richard M. 1779 Lowry, Richard 442 1232 Loys de Ch6seaux, Jean

Philippe 1596 Lubbock, John 1495 Luckenbuch, Sidney A.

2077 Lucretius Carus, Titus 641 692 701 739

Ludwig, Karl Friedrich W. 1727

Luth, Johann Christoph 698 Lu Gwei-Djen 496 889 909 Luijendijk-Elshout, A. M.

1083 Lukina, Tat'iana A. 2286

2287 Lumpkin, Martin 161 Lundstrom, Johan 552 Luneau de Boisjermain,

Pierre-Joseph-Francois 1085

Lupasco, St6phane 2143 Lusitanus, Abraham Zacutus

see Zacuto Lusitano, Abraham

Lusitanus, Amatus see Amatus Lusitanus

Luth, Olof 952 Lutz, Theo 553 Luyten, Norbert A. 74

Lyell, Charles 1684 1780 1695

Lyon,John 1685 Lyons, Gene M. 162 Lysenko, T. D. 2189 2190 Lyskanowski, Marcin 1367

MACALPINE, Ida 1415 Macbride, David 1247

1386 MacBryde, Bruce 1342 Maccagni, Carlo 817 MacDonald, J. L. 2260 Mace, Samuel 994 Macewen, William 2247 Macfarlane, Alan 977 Mach, Ernst 58 1579

1593 1646 1656 2104 2137

Machiavelli, Niccol6 939 Machovec, Milan 426 Maclnines, Duncan Arthur 43

Maclntyre, Donald 554 MacLean, J. 311 MacLeod, Roy B. 443 MacLeod, Roy M. 1505 MacRae, Duncan, Jr. 163 Martl, Hans-Georg 944 Magnus, Heinrich Gustav

1556 Mahune, Kazuo 401 Maier, Henry W. 2233 Maier, Michael 974 Mailer, Norman 2276 Maillet, Benoit de 1275 Maimonides, Moses 816 854

Maine de Biran, Pierre 1055 1079 1369

Maire, Ren6 40 Majer, Jifi 555 800 2014 Makarenia, Aleksandr A.

1603 1607 Makeeva, V. N. 1502 Malebranche, Nicholas

1086 1058 Malgaigne, Joseph Frangois

1917 Maling, Peter Bromley 349 Malinowski, H. 350 Malpighi, Marcello 501 Mandel, Leonard 2144 Mandeville, Bernard 1087 1372

Mandlerova, Jana 1506 Mandon, L. 1088 Manegold, Karl-Heinz

1459 1998 2015 Manetti, Antonio di Tuccio

801 Manget, Jean Jacques 1416 Manier, Edward 1781 Manilius, Marcus 660 Manitius, Karl 777 Mannheim, Sternwarte

1602 Manning, Kenneth R. 253 Mansat, Andr6 223 Mansuy, Michel 380 Mantell, Gideon Algernon

1696 Marcgrave, George 1342 Marci, Joannes Marcus

1172 1234 1252 Marconi Company 2263 Marcucci, Silvestro 1507 Marcuse, Herbert 164 115 Mare, Margaret L. 1082 Marek, Jiri 1233 1234 Margolis, Joseph 81



166 Index

Mariotte, Edm6 1271 Mark, Hans 2145 Markham, Robert 1702 Marsak, Leonard M. 1047

1089 Marseille, Universit6

see Aix-Marseille, Universit6

Marshak, Robert E. 2146 Marshall, Henry 1900 Marsilius van Inghen 786 Martindale, Colin 1368 Martinelli, V. 728 Marum, Martinus van 1201

1229 Marwick, Max 594 Marx, Carl M. 369 Marx, Karl 2011 2219 Marx, Otto M. 1869 Maskelyne, Nevil 1290 Mason, E. A. 1614 Massa, Nicola 1012 Mathematisch-Physikalische

Salon, Dresden 287 Matsuki, Akitomo 486 Matt6i, Charles 487 Matteucci, Carlo 1 790 Matthews, Leslie G. 712

818 Matthews, William 1106 Mauel, Kurt 556 Mauer, Andreas 1615 Maupertuis, Pierre Louis

Moreau de 1284 Maurach, Gregor 233 Maurolico, Francesco 956 Maury, Matthew Fontaine

1683 Maviglia, Alessandro 1010 Maxwell, Grover 81 Maxwell, James Clerk 1523

1253, 1589 1597 1604 May, Joseph A. 1286 May, Margaret Tallmadge

729 Mayer, Tobias 1198 1199

1200 1290 Mayerh6fer, Josef 45 Mayerne, Theodore Turquet

de 1423 Mayr, Otto 557 Mays, Wolfe 2078 Mazal, Otto 957 Mazurmovich, B. N. 1782 Mazzarino, Santo 1159 McCormick, Gene E. 1417 McCrea, W. H. 2147 McCutcheon, W. A. 558 McDaniel, Walton B. 730 McDiarmid, J. B. 629 McEnery, John 1685 McGlashan, A. M. 1870 McGuire, J. E. 1235 McKearin, Helen 2016 McKee, Douglas 1263 McKeown, Thomas 488 McKinley, D. W. R. 279 McLeod, A. M. G. 731 McMullin, Ernan 75 McVaugh, Rogers 1783 Mead, W. R. 1287 Meadows, Arthur J. 1616

1617 Mechnikov, IlIa Il'Ich 1784

1746 Medcalf, Stephen 1053 Medici, Antoniio de' 1016 Medici, Vitale de' 1016 Medvedev, Zhores

Aleksandrovich 2189

Meehl, Paul E. 81 Meerloo, Joost A. M. 8 Meggers, William Frederick

43 Meleshchenko, lu. S. 1502 Meller, James 2269 Melnikova, T. N. 1288 Melsen, Andreas Gerardus

van 165 Menabrea, Luigi Federico

1564 Mendel, Gregor 1806 Mendeleev, Dmitri

Ivanovich 1603 1606 1650 1663

Mendenhall, Thomas C. 1581 1657

Menger, Karl 2104 Menini, Cesare 490 Menon, I. A. 880 Mercator, Gerard 1300 Mercier, Andr6 318 Merck AG, Darmstadt 520 Merlan, Philip 674 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice

2078 Merrick, Samuel Fisk 1418 Merrifield, Marilyn 444 Mersenne, Marin 1191 Merton, Robert K. 1090 Merzkirch, Wolfgang F.

2104 Mesmer, Franz Anton 1360 Mesthene, Emmanuel G.

166 Meteyard, Eliza 1460 Mette, Alexander 2256 Metz, Andr6 76 Metzger, Helene 370 Meunier, Stanislas 1686 Meurdrac, Marie 11 77 Meyer, Julius Lothar 1603

1650 Meyer, R. W. 1091 Meyer-Abich, Adolf 4 1715 Meynier, Andre 2175 Miall, Louis Compton 381 Michal, Jacques de 1296 Michalski, Konstanty 754 Michaux, Henry 380 Michea, R. 1786 Michel, Diethelm 220 Michelet, Karl Ludwig 1508 Michelmore, Peter 2139 Michels, Ulrich 778 Michelson, Albert A. 1653 Michler, Markwart 491 Mikheyev, V. I. 2234 Mikulak, Maxim W. 2198 Mikulinskii, S. R. 167 Miles, Wyndham D. 1893 Miller, Arnold V. 1492 Miller, Dayton C. 1653 Miller, Donald C. 110 Miller, Eldon S. 344 Miller, Genevieve 492 Miller, Hortense S. 1787 Miller, Howard Smith 1509 Miller, John D. 1618 Miller, Richard W. 91 Miller, Robert F. 2277 Miller, Ronald E. 2278 Miller, Samuel 1133 Miller, Willard 91 Miller, Zane L. 1480 Millman, Peter M. 279 Milly, Nicolas Christiern

de Thy de 535 Milne, John 1701 Milne-Edwards, Henri 1774 Milonov, Iu. K. 755

Miloschev, Boris Josifov 1510

Milton, Daniel J. 1686 Mingar, Gordon E. 2001 Mirzoyan, E. N. 1788 Mises, Richard von 2104 Mishra, B. B. 881 Miskawayh 829 Mitchell, Ormsby MacKnight

1584 Mitchell, S. Weir 1824 Miti6, Ilija 1160 Mitra, Jyotir 882 Mittelstrasse, Jurgen 1092 Miyashita, Sabur6 908 Mochalov, Inar I. 2176 M41ler, Hans Jacob 1945 M41ler Pedersen, Kirsti 1161 Moes, Robert J. 2284 Moir,D.G. 1289 Mokre, Johann 95 Moll, Gerard 1470 Molland, Andrew G. 779 Mollat, Michel 2017 Monod, Jacques 382 Montais, Henri 1040 Monter, E. William 978 Montesquieu, Charles Louis

de Secondat 1274 Montgomery, William M. 1789 Montpellier, Universit6 1385 Montpellier, UniversitS, Ecole

de M6dicine 473 Montpetit, Raymond 1871 Moore, Francis C. T. 1369 Moore, T. E. L. 1681 Moraes, G. M. 1011 Mordacq, Ren6 1419 Mordell, L. J. 2095 More, Henry 1071 1240 More, Thomas 986 Moreau, Joseph 675 1093 Moreau de Tours, Jacques Joseph 1881

Moreno, Antonio 2235 Morgagni, Giovanni Battista

499 Morgan, C. Lloyd 1837 Morgan, Lewis Henry 1856 Morgan, Thomas Hunt 40

1781 2179 Morick, Harold 445 Morley, Edward W. 1653 Morpurgo, Enrico 559 Morren, Edouard 1734 Morris, John M. 1094 1095

1096 Morrow, Glenn R. 676 Morscher, Edgar 95 Morse, Edward S. 1825 Mortier, Roland 1059 Mortley, Raoul J. 677 Morton, Leslie T. 472 Morton, Richard 1435 Moruzzi, Giuseppe 1790 Moskowitz, Saul 1290 Moszkowski, Alexander 2148 Moulinneuf, Antoine 1419 Mouloud, Noel 34 76 Moulton, Forest Ray 43 Movia, Giancarlo 636 Mrtek, Marsha 1946 Mrtek, Robert G. 1946 Muck, Otto 95 Muller, A. M. Klaus 77 Mueller, Ian 678 M uller, Karl 1619 Muller, Rolf 608 Miiller-Markus, Siegfried 224 Miunchhausen, Otto von 1357 Miinster Universitat 493



Index 167

Miiursepp, Peeter 1620 Mugler, Charles 649 Muijs, W. W. 1348 Mukherjee, S. K. 870 Muller, Herbert J. 168 Mumford, Lewis 169 2067 Munich, Technische

Hochschule 560 Munitz, Milton K. 67 Munzar, Jan 1291 Muraise, tric 792 Murr, Josef 699 Murthy, R. S. Shivaganesha

883 Musabekov, lusuf S. 1603

1621 Musgrave, P. W. 2018 Musgrave, William 1426 Musschenbroek, Petrus van

1207 Musson, Albert E. 1994 Mutton, Norman 2019 Myers, W. H. 2060

al-NADIM 832 Naess, Arne 318 Nagel, Ernest 67 Nagucka, Ruta 780 Nakamura, Hiroshi 351- Nakamura, Teiri 2199 Nakayama, Shigeru 888

1236 Nance, R. Dale 1872 Nannini, Marco Cesare 1947 Napier, John 1152 Nasir al-Din al Tfsls 841 864 Nath, N. 870 Naumann, Johann Friedrich

1791 Naumov, G. V. 1687 Nazarov, V. 1. 1792 1793 Nedeljkovi6, Dugan 1160 Needham, John Tuberville

1315 1357 Needham, Joseph 496 889

909 2127 129 Negri, Antimo 916 Neilson, James Beaumont 1988 Nelson, Benjamin 11 15 Nelson, Carnot E. 170 Neubauer, Gunter 2257 Neufeld, Edward 609 Neumann, Kaspar 1434 Newman, Edwin B. 1873 Newton, Isaac 331 443 781

1021 1034 1099 1169 1181 1182 1183 1185 1187 1188 1191 1195 1196 1214 1221 1222 1232 1233 1235 1237 1240 1253 1255 1257 1261 1262 1264 1266 1290 1873

Newton, Robert R. 278 Nicephorus Blemmidas 767 Nicholas of Cusa 761 Nichols, Roger L. 1676

2020 Nicholson, Timothy R. 561

2021 Nicod, Jean 254 Nicollet, Joseph Nicholas

1688 1667 1668 1669 Nicolson, Marorie Hope 1420 Niepce, Joseph Nicephore

2024 Nieuwenhuis, Jacob 1125 Nightingale, Florence 1948

1949 Nihell, Elizabeth 1411 Nisbet, Hugh B. 1097 1794

Nishikawa, Tomio 78 Nisio, Sigeko 2149 2150 Nitschke, August 170a Nobis, Heribert M. 4 958 Nock, 0. S. 2279 Norenberg, Heinz-Werner 732 Noether, Emmy 1534 Nolin, Jean-Baptiste 1272 Nolte, Helmut 2236 Noreila, Carlos A. 927 Norlind, Wilhelm 959 Norman, Robert 309 North, John D. 960 2151 North, Milo Linus 1893 Northcott, Ruth J. 279 Norwood, William

Frederick 494 Nourrisson, Jean Felix 1098 Novokshanova-Sokolovskaia, Z. K. 1622

Novy, Lubos 1099 1237 Numbers, Ronald L. 1623 Nussey, John 1950 Nussey, John T. M. 1950 Nussey, Joseph 1950 Nutini, Hugo G. 2237 Nutton, Vivian 819 Nygren, Edward John 1874

OBENDORF, Donald L. 1624

Ober, William B. 1343 1421 1422 1423

Obinu, Giovanni Maria O'Brien, James F. 781 Obuchowski, Peter A. 15 11 Ockham, Willam 758 781 O'Dea, Marjory 138 139 171 Oehser, Paul H. 100 Oersted, Hans Christian

1648 Oettinger, J6sef 1969 Ogilby, John 1292 O'Higgins, James 1100 Ohio Academy of Science 42

Oiwa, Masayoshi 327 O'Kelly, Charlotte G. 1875 Olbers, Heinrich Wilhelm 1596 Olbrich, Hubert 562 Olby, Robert C. 2071

2200 Oldenburg, Henry 1101 Oliver, James A. 383 O'Malley, Charles D. 414 494 495 1012 2284 2285

Omel'ianovski, M. E. 2152 Ong, Walter J. 924 926 Ongaro, Giuseppe 733

1344 Opie, Eugene L. 1951 Oppenheimer, Jane M.

1795 1796 410 Oravas, Gunhard A. 2267 Oresme, Nicole 779 Orobio de Castro, Bathasar

1421 Orta, Garcia de 971 1011 Ortega y Gasset, Jos6 1102 Orton, John W. 2153 Osborn, M. Livia 1364 Ose, Yoko 1826 Osinska, Wanda 35 Osler, Margaret J. 1103 Osler, William 1955 Ostrowska, Teresa 1952 Ostwold, Wilhelm 1522 Otero, Mario H. 1544 Otte, James K. 790 Owen, David Dale 1674 Oxenbridge, Daniel 1415

Oxford, Maison Francaise 105

Oya, Shin-Ichi 36

PACAUT, Marcel 756 Padua, Universita 495 Paffard, Michael 992 1345 Pagel, Walter 1346 Pages, Robert 180 Paley, Edmund 1347 Paley, William 1347 Pankhurst, Richard 618 2258 Pannenberg, Wolfhart 77 Panter, K. H. 563 Paoli, Vincenzo 1444 Paracelsus 920 1005 Paris, Universit6, Facult6 de

M6decine 1006 Parish, Lawrence Charles 475 Parker, Richard A. 613 Parkinson, George H. R.

2079 Parks, D. 79 Parramore, Thomas C. 1424 Parson, William Edwin 1527 Parsons, Talcott 2071 2236 Pas, Peter W. van der 1348 Pascal, Blaise 1123 1154

1184 Pasquinelli, Alberto 1206 Passmore, John 446 Pasteur, Louis 1625 1496 Paterson, Antoinette Mann 961 Patrides, C. A. 1104 Patterson, Elizabeth C. 1626 Pattin, Adriaan 757 Paul, Charles B. 1105 Paul, Heinz 1594 Paulding, James Kirke 1997 Pauli, Wolfgang 2143 Pauling, Linus 2071 Paulli, Simon 421 Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich 1 760

2194 Pavlova, L. Ia. 1502 Paxman, D. H. 2153 Paz, Octavio 2238 Peale, Ruben 1874 Pearse, John Barnard 564 Pearson, Karl 1656 Pearson, William 1660 Pecham, John

see Peckham, John Peck, A. L. 688 Peckham, John 782 Pedevilla 1311 Pegram, George Braxton 43 Peierls, Rudolph E. 2154 Peirce, Benjamin 1514 1517

1518 Peirce, Charles Sanders 46 91 Pell, John 1227 Pellet, Thomas 1399 Pelner, Louis 971 1425

1953 Pendray, G. Edward 2271 Penfield, Wilder 203 225 Pennant, Thomas 1350 Pennsylvania, University

1849 P6pin, Jean 643 Pepper, Jon V. 1162 Pepys, Samuel 1106 Percival, Thomas 1247 Perets, losif 1627 Perkins, Elisha 1360 Perl, Martin L. 172 Pernoud, Mary Anne Sell 758 Peregrino, Pietro

see Petrus Peregrinus Perrault, Pierre 1271



168 Index

Perrin, Carleton 1238 Perrin, Jean Baptiste 244

1556 Perry, George 1761 Perry, Matthew C. 2043 Perutz, Max 2101 2127 Petras, John W. 433 1875

1876 1877 Petree, J. Foster 2022 Petrus, Peregrinus 784 Petry, M. J. 1491 Pfeifer, David E. 1797 Pfetsch, Frank 1512 Pfluger, Eduard Friedrich W.

1727 Phalet, A. 637 Philadelphia School of

Anatomy 1 749 Phillips, D. C. 1513 Phillips, John 2023 Philo Judaeus 627 Philoponus, Joannes

see Joannes Philoponus Piaget, Jean 2233 Piaskowski, Jerzy 993 Piccolpasso, Cipriano 535 Pickering, George 496 Pico della Mirandola,

Giovanni Francesco 809 Piechocki, Werner 480 Pieron, Henri 2217 Pierson, Stuart 0. 1628 Pieter, J6zef 173 Pietruska, Elzbieta 1239 Pietschmann, Herbert 312 Pines, Shlomo 833 Pingree, David 847 865 866 Pirenne, M. H. 313 Pirogov, Mikolai I. 1922 Piso, William 1342 Pitsyk, Nina E. 2259 Placet, Frangois 332 333 340 Planck, Max 1629 1630

1599 2143 Plato 640 642 648 6 76

677 679 683 Pliny the Elder 696 P18ssl, Simon 1608 2007 Ploss, Emil Ernst 595 Plot, Robert 1345 Plotinus 694 704 Plutarch 661 Pochedly, Carl 2260 Podmore, Frank 2060 Podolsky, Boris 2128 Poincar6, Henri 174 1583 2151 Polanyi, Michael 80 175 122 226

Pole, Willianm 1994 Pollack, Peter 565 Polland, Leon D. 1985 Pollock, Donald K. 170 Pollock, George H. 2218 Polska Akademia Nauk,

Instijtut Historii Nauki i Techniki 33

Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne 2093 2096

Polybius 723 Pompe van Meerdervoort,

Johannes L. C. 463 Pomponazzi, Pietro 979 928 Pont, Timothy 1289 1302 Popkin, Richard H. 318

1052 1107 Popper, Karl R. 318 629

679 81 Poppi, Aintonino 928 Porep, Rudiger 1798 Porphyrius 647 Porta, Giovanni Battista della

309

Portier, Paul 40 Portmann, Adolf 384 Poster, Mark 1370 Postigliola, Alberto 1108 Postman, Leo 1878 Pouchet, Georges 1 796 Poulle, Emmanuel 783 Pourriere, Jean 820 Powell, J. M. 1689 Powell, John Wesley 1690 Power, E. A. 1545 Power, J. E. 1240 Poynter, Frederick N. L.

477 494 496 2285 Prado, Bento 9 Prager, Frank D. 802 Prakash, Satya 867 Prasad, G. C. 875 Pr6aud, Maxime 791 Preiser, Gert 734 Premuda, Loris 1083 1426 Preus, Anthony 700 Price, Don K. 44 Priestley, F. E. L. 1182 Priestley, Joseph 1241

1242 1243 1247 1386 Prigogine, I. 2155 Prihonsky, Franz 1529 Prince, Morton 1869 Pringsheim, Ernst Georg

2201 Pritchard, Alan 177 Proclus 680 683 Prodanelli, Raphael 1160 Prosser, Richard B. 566 Proust, Jacques 1109 Prout, William 1610 Pruyser, Paul 432 Ptolemy 647 657 864 Puccio, Umberto 1503 Pupin, Michael I. 1980

1983 Purkinje, Jan Evangelista

1766 1767 1815 Purver, Margery 1020 Putnam, Frederic Warde

1 735

QUAN, Stanislaus 1163 Quarrell, W. H. 1082 Quetelet, Adolphe Jacques

1734 Quine, Willard Van Orman

318 Quinn, David B. 994 Quirk, John J. 2265 Quispel, Gilles 2239 Quittenbaum, Carl Friedrich 421 1827

RABB, Theodore K. 1110 Rabbitt, Mary C. 1690 Rabi, Isidor I. 178 Rabino, Guido 1914 Rabinovich, E. I. 201 Rabinovitch, Nachum L.

614 848 Rabl, Rudolf 2202 Radermacher, Hans 1111 Radkevich, Ekaterina A.

1691 Radley, Jeffrey 567 Radner, Michael 81 Radnitzky, Gerard 179 Rado, Sandor 1692 Raedemaeker, Jozef de 759 Raik, Anna E. 681 Raikov, Boris Evgen'evich 2286 2287

Rainey, Froelich G. 225 Raistrick, Arthur 352

Rakcheev, E. N. 1164 Raman, C. V. 2194 Raman, V. V. 1631 Rameau, Jean-Philippe 1105 Ramelli, Agostino 988 Ramnoux, Cl6mence 639 Ramond de Carbonnieres,

Louis 1274 Ramsden, William 1290 Ramsey, Norman F. 2156 Ramus, Petrus

see La Ram6e, P. de Randall, John Herman, Jr.

640 Randel, William Peirce 1799 Rinki, Gy6rgy 318 Rankine, William John

Macquom 1556 1575 Rapp, Dietmar 1800 Rappaport, Rhoda 1349 Rashed, Roshdi 849 850 Raskin, Naum Mikhailovich

2024 Raspe, Rudolf Erich 1293

1276 1277 1278 Ratchnevsky, Paul 910 Rather, Lelland J. 1427 Ratliff, Floyd 2104 Ratter, J. A. 402 Ray, Priyadaranjan 884 Rayleigh, John William Strutt

1613 al-R.zli, Abui Bakr Muhammad

ibn Zakariya 861 Razinger, Hubert 2208 Read, John G. 615 Reader, W. J. 2025 Reagan, Michael D. 125 Redlich, Fritz 552 Reed, Sampson 1879 Rees, Abraham 2026 2027 Rees, Eiluned 1350 Rees, Rush 2097 Reeve, C. J. 1870 Reeve, Lovell A. 1762 Reich, Karin 1160 Reich, Wilhelm 2210 Reichenbach, Hans 2157 Reid, Constance 1546 Reid, Thomas 1371 1182 Reilly, Francis E. 1514 Reingold, Nathan 2028 Reinhold, Johann 528 Remak, Robert 1 705 Renaudot, Th6ophraste

1126 Rensch, Bernhard 426 Rescher, Nicholas 82 Restif de La Bretonne,

Nicolas Edme 1370 Reti, Ladislao 568 Revault D'Allonnes, Olivier

83 R6v6sz, B6la 447 Rex, Friedemann 944 Rezneck, Samuel 1632 Rhaticus, Georg Joachim 982

Rhazes see al-Razi

Rhijne, Willem ten 463 Rhodes, A. M. 395 Rice, Eugene F., Jr. 929 Richards, P. W. 403 Richards, Theodore William

1572 Richardson, Benjamin Ward

1567 Richardson, Owen W. 1652 Richter, Rolf 404 Richter, Vladimir 95



Index 169

Ricoeur, Paul 1880 Riddle, John M. 821 Riddle, Oscar 2179 Riden, Philip J. 569 Rider, K. J. 23 Ridgway, Robert 1732 Riedel, Matthias 1998 Riemann, Bernhard 248 Riese, Walther 1881 Rigg, W. J. A. 611 Righini, Guglielmo 1633 Rindler, W. 2158 Risse, Gunter B. 1428 Risse, Wilhelm 4 1112 Ristow, Walter W. 1294

1693 Ritchie, C. I. A. 1954 Ritchie, George S. 366 Rittenhouse, David 1231 Ritterbush, Philip C. 385 Rizzi, Bruno 784 Robb, D. Constable 1625 Robbe-Grillet, Alain 380 Robbins, Rossell Hope 822 Robb-Smith, A. H. T. 1429 Robert, Jean-Dominique 84 Roberts, Kenneth D. 2029 Roberts, Louis 641 Roberval, Gilles Persone de

1161 Robinson, Eric 1263 Robinson, T. M. 642 760 Roche, Daniel 11 13 Rochedieu, Edmond 2240 Rochot, Bernard 682 Rockwell, George Jewett

1527 Rodgers, William 2280 Rodney, Joel M. 1244 Rod, Wolfgang 1114 Roell, Th. 1083 Rohrich, Heinrich 497 Roel, Georg 528 Rorentrop, Klaus 570 Roger, Jacques 34 410 Rogers, Fred B. 1955 Roget, Peter Mark 1482 Rohr, Ren6 R. J. 280 Roller, Duane H. D. 1213 Roller, Duane W. 701 Rollin, Bernard E. 1882 Rolt, Lionel Thomas Caswell 2030

Romanes, George J. 1801 1802 1744 1745

Rome, Biblioteca Lancisiana 501

Ronchi,Vasco 314 1160 1634

Roos, John E. 1333 Roosen-Runge, Heinz 595 Roosens, L. 2031 Rorschach, H. E., Jr. 2159 Ros, H. 2032 Roscoe, Henry E. 1635 Rosen, Edward 962 Rosen, George 1430 Rosen, Philip 2128 Rosen, Stephen 2160 Rosenberg, Nathan 2002

2033 Rosenblueth, Arturo 85 Rosenfield, Israel 1883 Rosenzweig, Saul 1884 Rosner, Erhard 1431 Rosner, Stanley 225 Ross, Edward Alsworth

1875 Ross, John O'Connell 353 Rossi, Lino 735 Rossi, Paolo 1 1 15

Rostand, Jean 386 380 Rostock, Universitat 1827 Rostock, Universitat, Physikalische Institut 288

Rothblatt, Sheldon 1515 Rothschuh, Karl E. 419 420 1022 1320

Rotigel, David E. 1885 Rous, Peyton 2187 Rousseau, Alain 498 Rousseau, George S. 1295

1420 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques

1274 Rowe, D. J. 2034 Rowland, Henry Augustus

1618 Rowland, Keith T. 571 Roy, Mira 871 Royal Astronomical Society,

London 1577 1611 1660 Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 2 79

Royal College of Physicians, London 466 1374 1383

Royal Observatory, Greenwich see Greenwich, Royal Observatory

Royal Society, London 1020 1268

Royal Society of Arts, London 101

Royce, James E. 448 Rozdziefiski, Walenty 993 Rozeboom, William W. 81 Rozental, Stefan 2161 Rubailova, N. G. 1803 Ruben, Heinrich 1598 Rubin, Stanley 823 Rubinstein, Stanley 354 Rudolff, Christoff 953 Rudolph, G. A. 1334 Rudwick, Martin J. S.

1684 1694 1695 Rumbaut, Ruben D. 1014 Rumford, Benjamin Thompson 1116 1636

Runge, Wilhelm T. 2035 Rupke, N. A. 340 Rush, Benjamin 1851 Ruska, Julius F. 596 Ruske, Walter 1637 1998 Russell, Bertrand 254 2079 2085 2090 2091 2092

Russo, Andrea 1432 Russo, Francois 181 Russo, Giuseppe 2036 Rusu, Gabriella- 462 Rutherford, Ernest 1603 2127

Rutherford, F. James 306 Rye, Anthony 1351

SAALMAN, Howard 801 Sabra, A. 1. 1254 Sadler, J. D. 702 Sadoul, Jacques 597 Saffron, Morris H. 813 Sagendorph, Robb 371 Sa'id Ibn al-Hasan 862 St. George, George 481 St. Martin, Alexis 1898 Saint-Simon, Claude Henri

1862 St. Thomas's Hospital,

London 1976 Saito, Sachie 1578 Sakade, Yoshinobu 1638 Sakaguchi, Masao 1639

1640 1641 1642

Saladin 859 860 Salah al-Din see Saladin

Salmon, Wesley C. 37 2157 Salomon, Jean-Jacques 182

183 184 Salomon-Bayet, Claire 1117 Saltman, Paul 225 Saltzer, Walter 683 Sambursky, Samuel 10 684

Sampalmieri, Angelino 387 Sanchez, Jos6 L6pez see L6pez Sanchez, J.

Sander, Frederick 1814 San Diego State College

Library 1245 Sandkuhler, Hans J6rg 1516 Sandier, Stanley 2037 Sanger, Margaret 2215 Sargent, Charles Sprague

1810 Sarjeant, William Antony

Swithin 1696 Sassen, F. L. R. 1083 Sauvage, Andr6 703 Sauveur, Joseph 1191 Sawers, David 2278 Saxl, F. 1488 Scaglia, Gustina 802 Scarborough, John 736

737 738 Schadewaldt, Hans 1933 Schaefer, Alfons 1296 Schafer, Edward 1745 Schaeffer, Aage 1945 Schafer, Roy 2241 Schaffner, Kenneth F. 1643 Schaller, Klaus 220 Schama, Simon 2127 Scharlau, Ulf 1228 Schatzman, Evry 34 Schatzmiller, Joseph 824 Scheeks, Robert B. 2087 Schellhom, Martin 388 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph 1516

Scherz, Gustav 1301 Schiedermair, Hartmut 1118 Schiller, Francis 418 499

1956 Schimper, Carl 1789 Schinz, Heinrich Rudolf 1791 Schipperges, Heinrich 4 500

595 834 Schirren, Carl 1336 Schlanger, Judith E. 86 Schlegel, Richard 67 Schleiden, Mathias Jacob

1804 Schlesinger, Ludwig 1148 Schlunder, E. V. 315 Schmeidler, Felix 963 Schmidbauer, Wolfgang 449 Schmidt, Zoltan 1666 Schmithiisen, Josef 355 Schmitt, Charles B. 501 Schmitz, Rudolf 318 522 Schneck, Jerome M. 1957 Schneer, Cecil J. 328 1697 Schneider, Franz 1529 Schneider, Louis 1372 Schneider, W. G. 203 Scholer, Walter 111 Schofield, Robert E. 1246 Scholz, Harry 502 Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe

1683 Schooler, Seward D., Jr.

185 Schooten, Frans van 966



170 Index

Schramm, Matthias 944 Schroder, Johann F. L. 1125

Schroeder, Paul 502 Schroter, Karl 1547 Schuling, Hermann 964 Schutte, J. F. 1297 Schuhl, Pierre-Maxime 643

704 Schulte, B. P. M. 1083 Schulz-Dubois, E. 0. 1644 Schulzer, Stephan 1818 Schumacher, Gert Horst *421

Schumacher, Heinrich Christian 1611

Schumacher, Martin 2038 Schuppach, Michel 1396 Schwartz, Ekkehard 405 Schwarz, Willi 761 Sciacca, Michele F. 1136 Scot, John 1289 Scott, E. L. 1247 Scott, J. R. 516 Scott, William T. 226 Scott, Wilson L. 1248 Scriba, Christoph J. 255

1165 1166 Scriven, Michael 44 Scriven, Samuel 535 Seaborg, Glenn T. 227 Sears, Robert R. 2233 Secret, Franqois 853 930 Sedgwick, Adam 1515 Seeger, Raymond J. 2104 Seeman, Julius 1886 Segal, Charles 739 Segre, Emilio 2162 Seidler, Eduard 1805 Seigel, Jerrold E. 931 Seleshnikov, Semen 1. 256 Sellars, Roy Wood 228 Selmi, Francesco 1899 Semmelweis, Ignaz Phiipp

1916 Senchenkova, E. M. 705 Sen Gupta, P. C. 1958 Sennert, Daniel 1466 Serenus Sammonicus, Quintus 733

Serra, Giuseppe 835 Serres, Marcel de 1685 Servaas, Willem 1125 Sesan, Milan Pavel 1 119 Setchell, J. R. M. 1461 Severino, Marco Aurelio

501 Severtsov, A. N. 2181 Severtus, Michael 997 Shackleton, Robert 1120

1121 Shakespeare, William 917

972 Shapiro, Henry D. 1480 Shapley, Harlow 225 Sharma, K. R. 875 Sharma, Ram Swarup 864 Sharma, Sohan Lal 450 Sharpe, Robert 1517 Shaw, A. Batty 1959 Shchukarev, S. A. 1603 Shea, William R. 1249

1250 Shelby, Lon R. 803 Sheldon-Williams, I. P. 752 Shelton, William R. 186 Shepherd, John A. 1960 Sheppard, H. J. 598 Sheppard, N. 187 Sheridan, James F. 91 Sherrington, Charles 1745

Sherwood, Martin 11 Shetler, Stanwyn G. 406 Shils, Edward 2071 Shimamura, Fukutaro 1251 Shimodaira, Kazuo 257 Shippen, William, Jr. 1377 Shloming, Robert 851 Shmulevich, L. A. 1621 Shope, Robert K. 1887 Short, Agnes Lothian 521

1433 Showalter, Dennis E. 2039 Shrewsbury, John F. D. 503

Shubert, Fedor F. 1622 Shugailin, Aleksandr V. 1645 Shukhardin, S. V. 1502 Shukla, M. S. 872 Shull, George H. 2179 Shuttleworth, Edward Buckingham 1965

Sibthorp, John 1313 Siebold, Philipp Franz von 463

Siedlerova, Irena 1646 Siefert, Helmut 1015 Siegel, Rudolph E. 685

740 Siegfried, Robert 1647 Siekevitz, Philip 188 Siemienowicz, Kazimierz 1463

Siefikowski, Eugeiiiusz 1961 Sikorski, Roman 2096 Sills, David L. 44 Silver, Harold 112 Simili, Alessandro 932 Simmer, Hans H. 494 Simmons, Jack 572 Simms,J.G. 1122 Simon, Ren6e 1208 Simon, Yves 12 Simoni, Simone 1001 Simplicius of Cilicia 781 Simpson, George Gaylord 428

Simpson, James Y. 1930 Sina, Mario 1123 Singh, Jagjit 281 Sinha, A. K. 229 Sinot6, Yosito 1806 Siverman, Robert 1518 Sivin, Nathan 893 901 899

Skelton, Raleigh A. 798 983 1289 1304

Skinner, B. F. 2232 Skinner, Henry A. 504 Sklair, Leslie 1888 Slipher, V. M. 2116 Sloane, Hans 1323 Small, Albion Woodbury

1875 Smeaton, John 1461 Smeaton, William A. 1651 Smellie, Wiliam 1411 Smeur, A. J. E. M. 686 965 Smigelskis, David J. 644 Smith, Alice Kimball 2163 2103

Smith, C. Earle, Jr. 2203 Smith, Cyril Stanley 230

573 Smith, Norman A. F. 713

2040 Smith, W. J. L. 129 8 Smith, William (1 727-1803)

1030 Smithner, Eric W. 1124 Smithsonian Institution 100 Smolka, Josef 1252

Smollett, Tobias 1411 Smyser, Hamilton 785 Snelders, H. A. M. 1125

1648 2041 gniadecki, Jedrzej 1224 Snider-Pellegrini, Antonio 332 333 340

Snow, C. P. 2095 Sociedad de Ciencias Ffsicas y Naturales de Caracas 1519

Socrates 676 Soderfors Ankar-bruk 552 Sokolov, Dmitrii Ivanovich

1691 Sokolowski, Robert 645 Sokolski, V. N. 2046 Solomon, Howard M. 1126 Solon, Peter 852 Sommerfeld, Arnold 1652 Sonnedecker, Glenn 513

1962 Sophocles 711 gorm, Franti'sek 189 Soucek, Ludvfk 574 Soury, Jules 1867 Sowerby, George B. 1762 Spaey, Jacques 190 Spallanzani, Lazzaro 1315

1357 Spallicci, Aldo 741 Speaight, Robert 2081 Spector, Benjamin 2289 Spence, Clark C. 2042 Spencer, Herbert 1495

1755 1868 Spencer, J. Brookes 1649 Sperber, Manes 2242 Spicker, Stuart F. 1127 Spier, Robert F. G. 575 Spies, Otto 862 Spinoza, Benedict de 1024

1058 1832 Spottiswoode, William

1495 Spray, W.A. 1299 Springmeyer, Heinrich 1128 Spronsen, Johannes W. 1650 Spruce, Richard 1807 Spruch, Grace Marmor 2164 Spurzheim, Johann Gaspar

1889 1811 gredniawa, B. 1651 Stack, George J. 1129

1130 Stafleu, Frans A. 1771 1808

1809 Stahl, Georg Ernst 1256

1427 Stahl, William H. 2288 Stainpeiss, Martin 1004 Stallo, John B. 1656 Stamatis, Evangelas S. 658 Standard, Paul 1300 Stankovi6, Sini&a 1520 Stannard, Jerry 1352 Stannius, Hermann 421 Stapf, Joseph 1445 Starkey, George 1265 Starosel'skaia-Nikitina, Olga

A. 1651 Starosielska, H. 1651 Starostin, B. A. 407 Stas, Jean Servais 1734 Stavenhagen, Lee 793 Stearn, William T. 1083 Steams, Raymond Phineas

1131 Stechl, Peter 1434 1963 Steck, Max 1003 Steele, David 13



Index 171

Stegmuller, Wolfgang 87 Stein, Alois von der 4 Stein, Howard 1253 Steiner, Rudolf 2057 2059 Stekla, Herbert 646 Stendahl 1353 Stenmans, Alain 190 Stensen, Niels 1301 1336 Stent, Gunlther S. 2071 Stephanitz, Dieter von 191 Stephenson, George 2009 Stephenson, Richard W. 356 Stephenson, Robert 2009 Stern, Curt 2071 Stern, Philip M. 2139 Sternberg, Shlomo 840 Steudel, Johannes 505 1132 Stevens, S. S. 2243 Stevenson, Lloyd G. 1964 Stevin, Simon 1190 1556 Sticker, Bernhard 14 Stieb, ErnstW. 513 1965

1966 Stieler, Adolf 1679 Stillwell, Margaret Bingham 933

Stipani6, Ernest 1160 Stirling, James 244 Stocklein, Ansgar 576 Stoiko, Michael 2281 Stoletov, Aleksandr 1627 Stone, Jeffrey C. 1302

1303 Storer, Norman W. 44 Stover, John F. 577 Strabo 621 Straker, Stephen 1254 Stransky, Eugene 506 1967

1968 Straton of Lampsacus 630 Strauch, Carl F. 1879 Strauss, Martin 299 Streicher, Augustin 1018 Stresemann, Erwin 1791 Strickland, Donald A. 2103 Strojnowski, Jerzy 1969 Strong, Edward W. 1255 Stroniski, Ignacy 1651 Stroppiana, Luigi 742 Strube, Irene 1256 Strubecker, Karl 258 Struensee, Johann Friedrich

1422 Strunk, Orlo 451 Strunz, Franz 319 Strunz, Hugo 578 Struve, Otto 2119 Struve, Wilhelm 1620 Stubbs, George 1343 Stuby, Gerhard 192 Stuckey, Ronald 42 Stuewer, Roger H. 88 1652 Suarez, Francisco 921 Suits, Bernard 91 Sumner, William Graham

1875 Supervielle, Jules 380 Susruta 875 Susskind, Jacob L. 1133 Suttmeier, Richard P. 2080 Sutton, Stephanne B. 1810 Swammerdam, Jan 1348 Swanson, Jerry 911 Swazey, Judith P. 1811 Sweet, Jessie M. 1812 1813 Swenson, John August 2089 Swenson, Loyd S., Jr. 1653 Swieten, Gerard van 1382 Swiezawski, Stefan 762 Swift, Jonathan 272 1412 Swinson, Arthur 1814

Sydenham, Thomas 1391 1408

Sylvester, James J. 1549 Sylvester II, pope 660 Sylvestre de Sacy, Samuel 1361 Syme, James 1931 Szab6, Istvan 1462 Szancer, Henryk 1016 Szasz, Thomas S. 452

TABARRONI, Giorgio 1521 Tabor, Edward 972 Taccola

see Jacomo Vanni, M. di Tadao, Shizuki 1236 Tagaya, Hiroshi 2043 Tait, H. P. 1970 Talbot, C. H. 494 Talbot, William Henry Fox

2024 Tamamushi, Bun-Ichi 329 Tanaka, Minoru 330 1522

1654 Tanner-Young, Rosalind C.

H. 1160 1548 Tarantin, N. 1. 1603 Tartalja, Hrvoje 116 0 Tassius, Johann Adolph

1227 Taton, Ren6 15 1257 1550 Tatsukawa, Shoji 1655 Tavanec, P. V. 89 Tavistock Clinic 2214 Taylor, Henry G. 2282 Taylor, James 101 Taylor, Paul S. 2044 Taylor, W. R. 357 Teague,John S. 112 Teich, Mikulki 1815 Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre

2204 74 380 426 2072 2081 2191 2197 2205

Teller, Edward 2145 Temkin, Owsei 193 Temple, William 1430 Tennessen, Herman 318 Tepperman, Jay 1816 Terra, Helmut de 1715 Teske, Armin 1651 Thabit Ibn Qurrah al-Harrani

851 Thackray, Arnold W. 38 331

1635 Thales of Miletus 625 Theisen, Wilfrid R. 763 Themistius 781 Theodorides, Jean 1353

1817 1933 Theon of Smyrna 683 Theophrastus 629 Therrien, Vincent 2082 Thiele, Joachim 1656 Thilo, Erich 1603 Thirry, Anne 764 765 Thomas, Davis 262 Thomas, Phillip D. 794 Thomas, W. I. 1876 Thomas Aquinas 766 760

781 809 833 1033 2075 Thomas de Cantimpr6 787 Thomson, James 1061 Thomson, Joseph J. 2127

1652 Thomson, Malcolm M. 279 Thomson, William 1894 Thoren, Victor E. 282 Thorndike, Edward L. 2229 Thornton, John 1304 Thornton, John L. 507 Thrower, Norman J. W.

358 1305

Thucydides 738 Thum, Beda 95 Tliunberg, Karl Peter 1335 Thurneisser zum Thurn,

Leonhard 998 Thurstone, Louis Leon 2222 Tideman, B. J. 1992 Tilley,A.F. 714 Timm, Hermann 218 Timmermann, Gerhard 579 Ting Wen-Chiang 2069 Tinterow, Maurice M. 453 Tischendorf, Friedrich 422 Tishler, Max 194 Titmuss, Richard M. 496 Tjaden, W. L. 1354 Tobey, Ronald C. 2083 Todericiu, Doru 1463 Todhunter, Isaac 1523 244 Tornebohm Hakan 318 Toland, John 1122 Tollat von Vochenberg,

Johann 1019 Tolman, Edward Chace

2244 Tonnelat, Marie-Antoinette

1651 Tooley, Ronald V. 359 360

361 362 Topitsch, Ernst 95 Topley, Marjorie 912 Torrey, Norman L. 1043 Tortelli, Giovanni 990 Tortic, Milica 1818 Toumal, Paul 1685 Tracy, George S. 1926 Trail, Richard R. 1435 Traub, Hamilton P. 1819 Traube, Moritz 1619 Treder, Hans-Jurgen 318 Trendelburg, Ferdinand

1998 Treue, Wilhelm 1436 2045 Treuttwein, Leonihard, III

970 Trifonov, D. N. 1603 Trindell, Roger T. 1698 Trinius, Carl Bernhard 1820 Trnava, University 461 Troll, Carl 1699 Trommsdorff, Johann

Bartholomaus 1641 Truesdell, Clifford A. 26 Tsiolkovskii, Konstantin E.

2046 Tsukada, Osamu 687 Tsvetkov, M. A. 1700 Tuomela, Raimo H. 90 Turck, Dieter 1134 Turk, F. A. 2205 Turner, Gerard L'E. 316 Turquet de Mayerne, T.

see Mayerne, Theodore Turquet de

Tursman, Richard 91 Tusser, Thomas 992 Tutzke, Dietrich 508 Tvrdi, Jana 1549 Tyler, Whittle

see Tyler-Whittle, M. S. Tyler-Whittle, Michael S.

408 Tyndall, John 1524 1490

1495 1556 Tyner, Judith Zink 283 Twysden, John 1415

UCHIDA, Eiji 1657 Ukashah, Walid 844 Ulam, Stanislaw M. 2112 Ulbrich, Karl 995



172 Index

Ullrich, Francesca Bianca Crucitti 1258

Ulugh Beg ibn Shahrukh 842 U.S. Brookhaven National Laboratory 2156

U.S. National Academy of Science 43

U.S. National Science Foundation 2068

U.S. President's Task Force on Science Policy 195

Unsold, A. 1658 Unterburg, Gerd 580 Unthank, Achilles William

1527

VALENTIN, Bruno 1971 Valentin, Gabriel G. 1815 Valette, Simonne 1017 Valson, Claude A. 1550 Vancouver, Charles 2047 Vandewiele, L. J. 973 Van Fraassen, Bastiaan C.

92 Van Heyningen, W. E. 1972 Van Inwagen, Margery N.

1135 Van Leer (family) 1413 Vantilborgh, G. 743 Van Zwanenberg, David

1973 Varcoe, Ian 2084 Vasoli, Cesare 1167 Vatar, Francois-Ren6-Benet

1685 Vatulian, K. S. 2165 Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich

2206 2196 2203 Vavilov, Sergei Ivanovich

1603 Vedrine, H6lene 934 Veeder, Peter Vrooman

1527 Veith, Ilza 509 1890 Venel, Jean Andr6 1379 Venturini, Riccardo 2244 Verbeke, G6rard 751 Verbiest, Ferdinand 1178 Vergil 667 669 709 Verhelst, Marthe 767 Vermeer, Hans J. 1018 Vermel', Evgenni M. 389 Vernadskii, Vladimir I.

2176 Verner, Coolie 1304 1306

1307 Verney, Henry 1948 Vesalius, Andreas 1007 Vetter, Th6odor 1437 Vickers, Geoffrey 496 Vico, Giovanni Battista 1136

1026 1051 1072 1159 1432

Vieillard-Baro, Jean-Louis 1044

Vienna, Polytechnische Institut 2000

Viete, Francois 966 1160 Viets, Henry R. 2289 Vig, Norman J. 113 Vigano, Mario 1259 Vigier, Jean-Pierre 34 318 Villars, Dominique 1406 Vincent de Beauvais 755 Virchow, Rudolf 499 1705

1753 1796 Virieux-Reymond, Anitoinette

93 Viseltear, Arthur J. 2261 Vishnu-Mittre 873 Vitale, Ettore 2036

Vives, Juan Luis 927 955 Vlastos, Gregory 629 Vochenberg, Johann Tollat von see Tollat von Vochenberg, J.

Voet, Daniel 1390 Vogel, Kurt 616 Vogel, Robert M. 2048 Vogel, Virgil J. 510 Voght, Caspar 1443 Vogt, Oskar 2202 Vois6, Waldemar 1137

1260 Volin, Lazar 2049 Volkov, V. A. 1502 1603 Volney, Constantine F.

1274 Vologdin, Valentin Petrovich 2272

Vologdin, V. V. 2272 Volta, Alessandro 1210 Voltaire, Francois 1043

1123 Von Braun, Wernher 262 Vorzimmer, Peter J. 1821 Vos, T. A. 74 3 Voulgaris, Eugenios 1216 Vrooman, Jack R. 1138 Vucinich, Alexander 1525 Vuillemin, Jules 174

WAAL, E. H. van de 363 Wachtel, Joachim 581 Waddington, Conrad H. 231 Waerden, Bartel Leendert

van der 284 285 Wager, Charles 1316 Wagner, Josef 2167 Wahl, Jean 639 Wailes, Rex 582 Wain, Harry 511 Waite, Arthur Edward 599 Waite, William G. 1139 Waldron, H. A. 1438 Walker, Charles T. 317 Walker, Eric A. 145 Walker, Richard, Jr. 1950 Walker, Richard, Sr. 1950 Wallace, Alfred Russel 1526

1822 1823 Wallerstein, Harry 2260 Wallia, C. S. 196 Walling, J. C. 2153 Wallis, George 2002 Wallis, John 1165 1166

1191 Wallis, Peter J. 1 168 Walpole, Michael 390 Walser, Hans H. 1974 Walsh, Anthony A. 454

1889 Waltenhofen, Adalbert von

1555 Walter, Richard D. 1824 Walter of Odington 794 Walther, Bernard 940 Walther, Helmut 1019 Wang, Leonard J. 1140 Wang Ling 889 Wansey, Henry 1464 Warburg, 'Aby 1488 Warburg, Erik 935 Warburg, Otto 2193 Ward, Lester Frank 1875

1885 Wardrop, James 1929 Warner, Deborah Jean 277 Warren, C. P. W. 610 Wartnaby, John 1701 Wasserman, Franz W. 2207

Watanabe, Masao 1261 1262 1527 1825 1826

Water, J. A. van 1641 Waterston, J. J. 1575 Watkins, Ralph J. 2087 Watling, John 2085 Watson, Fletcher G. 306 Watson, John B. 1872 Watson, Robert 1. 444 Watson, Seth B. 1721 Watson, Thomas J. 2280 Watson, William N. Boog

1439 Watt, James 1263 1448 Wautrequin, Jacques 190 Weaver, Warren 2086 Weber, Ernst Heinrich 1 716 Webster, Charles 1063 Webster, Noah 1440 Wedgwood, Josiah 1460 Weidhorn, Manfred 1373 Weigel, Erhard 1137 1155 Weiling, Franz 1785 Weinberg, Alvin M. 197

2071 Weiner, Charles 2168 Weiner, Dora B. 1441 Weingartner, Paul 95 Weinstein, Edwin A. 2245 Weinstein, Marvin M. 1946 Weisenberg, Amalius 522 Weisheipl, James A. 766 Weismann, August 1 778 Weiss, Eduardo 1891 Weisskopf, Victor F. 2169

2164 Weizsacker, Carl Friedrich von

218 Welch, Holmes H. 890 Welch, Wayne W. 306 Wellcome Institute of the

History of Medicine 516 Wells, George A. 1659 Wells, Lloyd A. 1442 Wells, Thomas Spencer 1960 Welsbach, Carl Auer von

2005 Welsch, Fritz 2050 Wertheimer, Michael 454a Weyl, Hermann 1534 1546 Wheeler, William Morton

1741 Whetham, William C. D. 2127 Whewell, William 1182

1507 1523 Whipple, Fred L. 262 Whitaker, Virgil K. 1141 White, Colin 1142 White, Frederick 1268 White, Gilbert 1355 1351 White, John H., Jr. 583 White, K. D. 715 White, Lynn, Jr. 584 804

805 573 White, Reginald J. 1143 Whitehead, Alfred North

2078 Whitehead, Robert A. 2051 Whiteside, Derek T. 1169

1264 Whitford, Kathryn 1144 Whitford, Philip 1144 Whitmore, P. J. S. 1145 Whitrow, Gerald J. 234

1660 Whittet, Thomas Douglas

513 523 Whittier, Duane H. 91 Whitworth, Joseph 2002 Whyte, Lancelot Law 1661 Wick, Gerald L. 231



Index 173

Wick, Marsha J. 231 Widlocher, Daniel 1892 Wiedemann, Eilhard 836 Wigner, Eugene P. 2145 Wikman, Karl Robert van

1356 Wild, John P. 716 Wilkins, John 1170 Wilkinson, John F. 524 Wilkinson, Ronald Sterne

1265 Wilkinson, W. B. 1981 William of Auvergne

sde Guillaume d'Auvergne Williams, Alfred 2052 Williams, Charles Wye 2022 Williams, D. Clements 1702 Williams, Evan 1334 Williams, Raymond 391 Wilshire, Robert V. 2081 Wilson, Curtis A. 1266 Wilson, Erasmus 1935 Wilson, Horace E. 1527 Wilson, Leonard G. 1780 Wilson, Margaret D. 1041 Wilson, Robert Rathbun

2071 2170 Wilson, Woodrow 2245 Winckelmann, Johann

Joachim 1081 Winkler, Ernst 364 Winnik, Herbert C. 1703 Winogradsky, Serge 40 Winokur, Stephen 81 Winter, Eduard 1528 1529 Winter, Maria 1529 Winter, Stephen S. 306 Wiredu,J.E. 1171 Wirth, Oswald 600 Wischhusen, Heinz-Gunther

1827 Wise, C. 1662 Witelo 776 Wittgenstein, Ludwig 2097

2094 Wittmann, Anneliese 825

Wohler, August 1637 Wohlgenannt, Rudolf 4 95 Wolf, Emil 2144 Wolfeniden, John H. 1357 Wolff, Christian 1183 Wondrak, Eduard 1975 Wong, Ming 913 Wood, Chauncey 795 Wood, David 1358 Woodford, Leonard 1976 Woodforde, John 585 Woolley, Richard 1268 Wordsworth, William 1478

1481 Worlidge, John 1359 Wren, Christopher 1326 Wright, Georg Henrik von

65 Wright, Thomas 1223 Wu, Grace 2087 Wunderlich, Richard W. 19 8 Wussing, Hans L. 1551 Wu Yuan-Li 2087 Wylie, Alexander 1638 Wyss, Dieter 455

XENOPHANES 654

YABUUCHI, Kiyoshi 894 Yahya b. AbT Man*Ur 843 Yamada, T. 2199 Yildirim, Cemal 94 Y6an, Udagawa 1639, 1640

1641 Yochelson, Ellis L. 1690 Yolton, John W. 1146 Yong, Lam Lay 895 Yoshinaka, Masakazu 1267 Young, Arthur 2053 2054

1311 Young, Donald 586 Young, James Harvey 513 Young, Robert M. 1828

1829 129 Young, Thomas 1570 1571 Young, William Henry 1548

Yourgrau, Wolfgang 318 2171

Yuasa, Akira 409

ZACH, Franz Xaver von 1218

Zacuto, Abraham ben Samuel 949

Zacuto Lusitano, Abraham 1425

Zahlten, Johannes 826 827 Zahn, Manfred 1045 Zambelli, Paola 936 Zander, Robert 1977 Zapffe, Carl A. 1663 Zarlino, Gioseffo 947 Zecha, Gerhard 95 Zeeman, Pieter 1649 Zehe, Horst 944 Zell, Heinrich 982 Zemaitis, Kiejstut 2283 Zeman, Vladimir 96 Zemanek, Heinz 95 Ziegler, K. 2165 Zigrosser, Carl 512 Zil'manovich, Dmitrii Ia.

2055 Ziman, John M. 199 2127 Zimmermann, Johann Georg

1338 Zinner, Ernst 276 546 Ziswiler, Vincenz 968 Znachko-Iavorskii, Igor L.

39 2056 Zollikofer, Caspar Tobias 1708

Zubov, Vasilii Pavlovich 937

Zuckerman, Harriet 131 Zuckerman, Solly 129 200 Zund, Kanisius 16 Zurawicka, Janina 2088 Zvorykin, Anatoly A. 201 2152

Zweig, Arnold 1859

