nimmy sasidharan
TRANSCRIPT
WELCOME
DISINFECTION&STERILISATION
PRESENTED BY LT NIMMY SASIDHARAN
STERILISATION
• DEFINITION
• It is the process by which an article ,surface , or medium is freed of all living microorganisms either in the vegetative or spore state
DISINFECTION
•Disinfection means the destruction or removal of all pathogenic organisms , or organisms capable of giving rise to infection, but not the spores.
TYPES OF DISINFECTION
•CONCURRENT DISINFECTION• Immediate disinfection of all contaminated
articles & bodily discharges during the course of disease• TERMINAL DISINFECTION• Disinfection of the patient’s unit with all articles
used by the patient on his discharge, death ,or release from hospital
OBJECTIVES
• For preventing contamination by extraneous organisms • In surgery for maintaining asepsis• In food &drug manufacture for ensuring safety
from contaminating organisms• Preventing infections• Reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections• To ensure safety for both patients& health care
workers.
COMMON PLACES IN HOSPITAL
LABOUR ROOM
NICU
PICU
ICU
ISOLATION ROOM
OPERATION THEATRE
BURNS CENTRE
JOINT REPLACEMENT ROOM
METHODS OF DISINFECTION
•BY PHYSICAL AGENTS•BY CHEMICAL AGENTS
PHYSICAL AGENTS
• SUNLIGHT• DRYING• DRY HEAT- FLAMING,INCINERATION,HOT AIR• MOIST HEAT-PASTEURISATION, BOILING, STEAM
UNDER NORMAL PRESSURE, STEAM UNDER PRESSURE • FILTRATION-CANDLE FILTERS,ASBESTOS DISCS• RADIATION-IONISING & NON IONISING• ULTRASONIC &SONIC VIBRATION-BACTERICIDAL
CHEMICAL AGENTS
• ALCOHOL-ETHYL, ISOPROPYL• ALDEHYDES- FORMALDEHYDE,
GLUTERALDEHYDE• DYES• HALOGENS• PHENOLS• SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS• METALLIC SALTS• GASES- ETHYLENE OXIDE
COMMON DISINFECTANTS
SAVLON
SAVLON-UNILON
• CETRIMIDE15% CHLORHEXIDINE7.5% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 8%
• BROADSPECTRUM –BACTERIA ,FUNGI,YEASTS,VIRUSES• STRENGTH 1:99 – CLEANING OF POST OP
WOUNDS,SWABBING IN OBS&GYNAE• STORAGE OF STERILE EQUIPMENTS• CLEANING (DISINFECTING
EQUIPMENTSFURNITURE&FITTINGS)• 1:30- CONTAMINATED SURGICAL
ITEMS,CATHETERS&RUBBER EQUIPMENT• EMERGENCY DISINFECTING OF CLEAN INSTRUMENTS&
THERMOMETERS –MIN IMMERSION OF 2 MIN
CIDEZYME
CIDEZYME
• ENZYMATIC DISINFECTANT• USED FOR PRECLEANING INSTRUMENTS IN
AUTOMATED EQUIPMENTS SUCH AS ENDOSCOPE REPROCESSORS• SOAK EQUIPMENTS AFTER USE- MIN SOAK TIME 1MIN• FOR ALUMINIUM –NOT MORE THAN 8 HRS• IT IS NOT INTENDED AS A SOLUTION FOR HOLDING &
STORING EQUIPMENT• CONCENTRATION 8 ML 1 LITRE• AFTER SOAKING – RINSE EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE
TRACES OF DETERGENT- ROUGH DRY IT-HIGH LEVEL DISINFECTANT TREATMENT
BACILLOCID
BACILLOCID• EFFECTIVE AGAINST BACTERIA ,YEAST,FUNGUS• COMPOSITION- CHEMICALLY BOUND
FORMALDEHYDE,GLUTERALDEHYDE,BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE,ALKYL UREA DERIVATIVE• DILUTION 200 ML IN 10 L OF WATER -2%• -FOR CLEANING SURFACES & SPRAYING ROOMS
IN OT ,ICU,LABOUR ROOM• 50 ML IN 10 L TO GET -0.5%• CONSULTING ROOMS,DRESSING ROOMS
&WARDS
PERASAFE
PERASAFE
• FAST ACTING ,BIODEGRADABLE,ALDEHYDE FREE,SPORICIDAL,TUBERCULOSIDAL,VIRUSIDAL,BACTERICIDAL,FUNGICIDAL• DILUTION 16.2 GMS POWDER TO 1 L OF
LUKEWARM WATER• TURNS IN TO BLUE / GREEN COLOUR• ACTIVATED ONLY PRIOR TO USE• IMMERSE INSTRUMENTS FOR 10 MIN,RINSE IN
STERILE WATER,DRIED ,USED/STORED
DETTOL
DETTOL
• ANTISEPSIS IN OBST & MIDWIFERY - DILUTE 1:40• Instrument sterilisation-1% in spirit• Rapid sterilisation -5% in spirit• Rubber article 1% aqueous solution• General disinfection in wards , hands &
soiled hospital linen -dilute in 1:40
SANIDEX/CIDEX
SANIDEX
• GLUTERALDEHYDE SOLUTION -2%• USED AS A STERILANT – IMMERSE
INSTRUMENTS FOR 10 HRS• HIGH LEVEL DISINFECTION IMMERSE
INSTRUMENTS FOR ATLEAST 20 MINUTES• ACTIVATED PRIOR TO USE• ACTIVATED SOLUTION CAN BE USED FOR 14
DAYS AFTER ACTIVATION• MAINLY USED FOR SHARPS& ENDOSCOPIC
REPROCESSORS
VIRKON
VIRKON
• CLEAN & DISINFECTS• VIRUCIDAL,BACTERICIDAL,FUNGICIDAL,TUBERC
ULOCIDAL• FAST ACTING BIODEGRADABLE• FOR CARBOLISATION 1%• 10 GRMS- 1 LITRE• FOR FUMIGATION ,WASHING ,MOPPING -
1% SOLUTION –FOR 30 MIN CONTACT TIME
CARBOLIC ACID/PHENOL
CARBOLIC ACID / PHENOL
• AVAILABLE IN CRYSTAL FORM –500 GMS• LIQUIFIED &USED• FOR CARBOLISATION 1: 20 IS USED FOR
CRITICAL CARE AREAS ,OPERATION THEATRE,LABOUR ROOM
FORMALIN
FORMALIN
• FOR FUMIGATION USED ALONG WITH KMnO4 CRYSTALS.• 40% FORMALIN – 30ML +3GM PP CRYSTAL FOR
1000 CU FEET• MIN CONTACT TIME IS 12HRS• IN FUMIGATORS- 60 ML FORMALIN+ 60ML
WATER/ 1000 CU FEET• ALSO AVAILABLE AS TABLETS OF 1 GM EACH-• FOR DISINFECTING RUBBER TUBINGS
SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE
SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE
• 1 % SOLUTION FOR – 1ML IN 100 ML • DISINFECTION OF FLOORS , BEDSIDE
LOCKERS,SOILED LINEN• 5% FOR -5ML IN 100ML• TREATMENT OF BLOOD SPILLAGE, SHARPS
& INSTRUMENTS
DISINFECTION OF PATIENT CARE ARTICLES
• NEBULISER- SOAP & WATER• STETHESCOPE-SPIRIT SWAB• THERMOMETER-SPIRIT SWAB • LARYNGOSCOPE-BLADE-SOAP & WATER• HANDLE& BULB-SPIRIT SWAB• SPUTUM MUG, BED PAN, EMESIS BASIN- SOAP &WATER• DISINFECT IN 1% HYPOCHLORIDE SOLUTION FOR 20
MINUTES• VENTILATOR TUBINGS &OXYGEN MASKS, AMBU BAG-
WASH IT IN TAP WATER –DISINFECT WITH 2% GLUTERALDEHYDE SOLUTION IN 1 HOUR
FUMIGATOR
FOGGING MACHINE
PORTABLE ULTRAVIOLET ASEPTICIZER
PORTABLE UV ASEPTICISER
ULTRAVIOLET TUBELIGHT & OZONE LAMP
HORIZONTAL AUTOCLAVE
VERTICAL AUTOCLAVE
OT HOUSE KEEPING ROUTINE
• DAILY MORNING CARBOLISATION WITH 1% VIRKON• DAILY FOGGING WITH VIRKON • DAILY AIR STERILISATION WITH PORTABLE
UV ASEPTICISER• DAILY MOPPING& CLEANING FLOORS
(AFTER EACH CASE)• FUMIGATION WITH FORMALIN ONCE IN A
WEEK
LABOUR ROOM HOUSE KEEPING
• DAILY CARBOLISATION WITH 1% VIRKON• DAILY MOPPING & CLEANING•WEEKLY FUMIGATION/ FOGGING ON
SUNDAY• SWAB STICKS FOR ROUTINE STERILITY
CHECK ON MONDAY
TO CONCLUDE
• CLEANLINESS IS GODLINESS • CLEAN ENVIRONMENT , HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT
CARE WITH COMPASSION
THANK YOU