NEXT GENERATION NEXT GENERATION REFRIGERANTSREFRIGERANTS

Presented byPresented byPresented byPresented by

Jim ThomasJim Thomas

Refrigerant Services Inc.Refrigerant Services Inc.

REFRIGERANT SERVICES INC.REFRIGERANT SERVICES INC.

RECLAMATIONRECLAMATION

SEPARATIONSEPARATION

REFRIGERANT DISPOSALREFRIGERANT DISPOSAL

REFRIGERANT INCINERATIONREFRIGERANT INCINERATION

REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT CANADACANADA

�� INDUSTRY FUNDED PROGRAM FOR THE INDUSTRY FUNDED PROGRAM FOR THE COLLECTION AND DESTRUCTION OF SURPLUS COLLECTION AND DESTRUCTION OF SURPLUS ODS REFRIGERANTS FROM THE STATIONARY ODS REFRIGERANTS FROM THE STATIONARY REFRIGERATION AND A/C SECTORS IN REFRIGERATION AND A/C SECTORS IN CANADA.CANADA.HAS COLLECTED AND DESTROYED OVER HAS COLLECTED AND DESTROYED OVER �� HAS COLLECTED AND DESTROYED OVER HAS COLLECTED AND DESTROYED OVER 2.5M KGS SINCE 2002.2.5M KGS SINCE 2002.

�� FUNDED BY VOLUNTARY LEVY ON RECLAIMED FUNDED BY VOLUNTARY LEVY ON RECLAIMED AND VIRGIN HCFC’S(CURRENTLY $ 3.50/KG)AND VIRGIN HCFC’S(CURRENTLY $ 3.50/KG)

�� NO COST FOR COLLECTION AND DESTRUCTION NO COST FOR COLLECTION AND DESTRUCTION OF ODS REFRIGERANTS ACCEPT FOR CFCOF ODS REFRIGERANTS ACCEPT FOR CFC--11 11 $ 8.00/KG$ 8.00/KG

RMC LEVY PARTICIPANTSRMC LEVY PARTICIPANTS

�� Alltemp ProductsAlltemp Products

�� ArkemaArkema

�� Fielding TechnologiesFielding Technologies

�� DupontDupont�� DupontDupont

�� HoneywellHoneywell

�� LindeLinde

�� MexichemMexichem

�� Refrigerant Services Inc.Refrigerant Services Inc.

Environment CanadaEnvironment Canada

�� Currently controls import and production Currently controls import and production of ODS refrigerants only.of ODS refrigerants only.

�� Proposing a Pollution Prevention Planning Proposing a Pollution Prevention Planning notice for all halocarbon refrigerants. notice for all halocarbon refrigerants. notice for all halocarbon refrigerants. notice for all halocarbon refrigerants.

�� Supporting a NA proposal to include HFC’s Supporting a NA proposal to include HFC’s under the Montreal Protocol with a phaseunder the Montreal Protocol with a phase--down schedule.down schedule.

PHASEOUT SCHEDULEPHASEOUT SCHEDULE

�� CFC’S CFC’S -- PHASED OUT END OF 1995PHASED OUT END OF 1995

�� HCFC’SHCFC’S-- FREEZE IN 1996 3600TFREEZE IN 1996 3600T

35% REDUCTION 2004 2300T35% REDUCTION 2004 2300T

65% REDUCTION 2010 1260T65% REDUCTION 2010 1260T65% REDUCTION 2010 1260T65% REDUCTION 2010 1260T

90% REDUCTION 2015 360T90% REDUCTION 2015 360T

99.5% REDUCTION 2020 18T99.5% REDUCTION 2020 18T

TOTAL PHASEOUT 2030 TOTAL PHASEOUT 2030

ASHRAE R#ASHRAE R#

�� RR--134a134a

�� RR--2222

�� RR--3232

RR--410A410A�� RR--410A410A

�� RR--507507

�� RR--600a600a

�� RR--717717

ASHRAE R#ASHRAE R#

�� RR--134a134a

�� RR--2222

�� RR--3232

RR--4410A10A�� RR--4410A10A

�� RR--507507

�� RR--600a600a

�� RR--717717

SAFETY CLASSIFICATIONSAFETY CLASSIFICATION

Higher Higher flammabilityflammability

A3A3 B3B3

Lower Lower A2A2 B2B2Lower Lower FlammabilityFlammability

A2A2

A2L*A2L*

B2B2

B2L*B2L*

No flame No flame propagationpropagation

A1A1 B1B1

Lower ToxicityLower Toxicity Higher ToxicityHigher Toxicity

* A2L and B2L are lower flammability refrigerants with a maximum burning Velocity of <10cm/s

CFC Alternatives for existing CFC Alternatives for existing equipment.equipment.

�� CFCCFC--113 None113 None

�� CFCCFC--11 R11 R--123123

�� CFCCFC--12 R12 R--401A, R401A, R--401B, R401B, R--406A, 406A,

RR--409A, R409A, R--414B, R414B, R--426A426ARR--409A, R409A, R--414B, R414B, R--426A426A

�� CFCCFC--502 R502 R--402A, R402A, R--402B, R402B, R--408A408A

RR--422C, R422C, R--422D, R422D, R--428A 428A

RR--22 Alternatives requiring oil change22 Alternatives requiring oil change

RR--407A 407A

RR--407C407C

RR--407F (LT)407F (LT)

RR--427A (FX100)427A (FX100)RR--427A (FX100)427A (FX100)

RR--442A (RS442A (RS--50)50)

RR--22 Alternatives requiring no oil 22 Alternatives requiring no oil changechange

RR--417A (MO59)417A (MO59)

RR--422A (MO79)422A (MO79)

RR--422B (NU22B)422B (NU22B)RR--422B (NU22B)422B (NU22B)

RR--422C (ONESHOT)422C (ONESHOT)

RR--422D (MO29) 422D (MO29)

RR--424A (RS424A (RS--44)44)

RR--434A (RS434A (RS--45)45)

RR--438A (MO99)438A (MO99)

Current common refrigerantsCurrent common refrigerants

RR--134a R134a R--417A R417A R--427A427A

RR--22 R22 R--422A R422A R--428A428A

RR--404A R404A R--422B R422B R--434A434A

RR--407A R407A R--422C R422C R--438A438ARR--407A R407A R--422C R422C R--438A438A

RR--407C R407C R--422D R422D R--442A442A

RR--407F R407F R--424A R424A R--507A507A

RR--410A R410A R--426A426A

ASHRAEASHRAE TRADETRADE

NAMENAME

RR--125125 RR--134a134a RR--152a152a RR--143a143a RR--227ea227ea RR--3232 RR--600600 RR--600a600a RR--601a601a

RR--407A407A 4040 4040 2020

RR--407C407C 2525 5252 2323

RR--407F407F LTLT 3030 4040 3030

RR--427A427A FX100FX100 2525 5050 1010 1515

RR--417A417A MO59MO59 46.646.6 5050 3.43.4

RR--422A422A MO79MO79 85.185.1 11.511.5 3.43.4

RR--22 ALTERNATIVES22 ALTERNATIVES

RR--422A422A MO79MO79 85.185.1 11.511.5 3.43.4

RR--422B422B NU22BNU22B 5555 4242 33

RR--422C422C ONESHOTONESHOT 8282 1515 33

RR--422D422D MO29MO29 65.165.1 31.531.5 3.43.4

RR--424A424A RSRS--4444 50.550.5 4747 11 0.90.9 0.60.6

RR--434A434A RSRS--4545 63.263.2 1616 1818 2.82.8

RR--438A438A MO99MO99 4545 44.244.2 8.58.5 1.71.7 0.60.6

RR--442A442A RSRS--5050 3131 3030 33 55 3131

Global Warming Potential(GWP)Global Warming Potential(GWP)

R#R# SAFETYSAFETY HFCHFC HFOHFO GWPGWP

RR--407C407C A1A1 √√ 17741774

RR--407F407F A1A1 √√ 18241824

RR--404A404A A1A1 √√ 3921 3921 RR--404A404A A1A1 √√ 3921 3921

RR--442D442D A1A1 √√ 27282728

RR--424A424A A1A1 √√ 24402440

RR--438A438A A1A1 √√ 22652265

RR--442A442A A1A1 √√ 18881888

RR--1234yf1234yf A2LA2L √√ 66

What to consider in selecting an What to consider in selecting an alternative refrigerantalternative refrigerant

�� SafetySafety

�� Temperature RangeTemperature Range

�� Oil compatibility Oil compatibility

�� Compatibility with expansion device (Mass Flow)Compatibility with expansion device (Mass Flow)Compatibility with expansion device (Mass Flow)Compatibility with expansion device (Mass Flow)

�� CapacityCapacity

�� EfficiencyEfficiency

�� PressuresPressures

�� GlideGlide

�� GWPGWP

GlideGlide

�� All refrigerant blends fractionate.All refrigerant blends fractionate.

�� Evaporator glide is the difference between the Evaporator glide is the difference between the boiling point of the composition of the liquid boiling point of the composition of the liquid entering the evaporator and the boiling point of entering the evaporator and the boiling point of the composition of the liquid near the end of the the composition of the liquid near the end of the the composition of the liquid near the end of the the composition of the liquid near the end of the evaporator.evaporator.

�� Evaporator glide does not normally affect Evaporator glide does not normally affect performance in refrigerant to air evaporators but performance in refrigerant to air evaporators but can affect heat exchange performance in can affect heat exchange performance in refrigerant to liquid chillers.refrigerant to liquid chillers.

REFRIGERANT RECOVERY TIPSREFRIGERANT RECOVERY TIPS

�� LIQUID RECOVERY IS UP TO 20 TIMES FASTER THAN VAPOR RECOVERY.LIQUID RECOVERY IS UP TO 20 TIMES FASTER THAN VAPOR RECOVERY.

�� RECOVERING VAPOR FROM A SYSTEM WILL LEAVE MOST OF THE CONTAMINANTS RECOVERING VAPOR FROM A SYSTEM WILL LEAVE MOST OF THE CONTAMINANTS IN THE SYSTEM.IN THE SYSTEM.

�� RECOVERING LIQUID FROM A SYSTEM WILL REMOVE MOST OF THE RECOVERING LIQUID FROM A SYSTEM WILL REMOVE MOST OF THE CONTAMINANTS WITH THE REFRIGERANT.CONTAMINANTS WITH THE REFRIGERANT.CONTAMINANTS WITH THE REFRIGERANT.CONTAMINANTS WITH THE REFRIGERANT.

�� IT IS IMPORTANT TO EMPTY RECOVERY CYLINDERS THROUGH THE VAPOR VALVE IT IS IMPORTANT TO EMPTY RECOVERY CYLINDERS THROUGH THE VAPOR VALVE WITH THE CYLINDER INVERTED TO REMOVE OIL AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS WITH THE CYLINDER INVERTED TO REMOVE OIL AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS FROM THE CYLINDER.FROM THE CYLINDER.

�� CONTAMINANT LEVELS TEND TO INCREASE WHEN REFRIGERANT IS REUSED. CONTAMINANT LEVELS TEND TO INCREASE WHEN REFRIGERANT IS REUSED.

�� REFRIGERANT BLENDS MAY FRACTIONATE DURING THE RECOVERY PROCESS.REFRIGERANT BLENDS MAY FRACTIONATE DURING THE RECOVERY PROCESS.

�� REMOVE VALVE DEPRESSORS FROM HOSE LINES TO INCREASE FLOW RATES .REMOVE VALVE DEPRESSORS FROM HOSE LINES TO INCREASE FLOW RATES .

CONTAMINANTS ACCUMULATECONTAMINANTS ACCUMULATE

CONTAMINANTSCONTAMINANTS ARIARI--700700

MAXIMUMMAXIMUM

INSTALLED INSTALLED IN FIRST IN FIRST UNIT UNIT

REUSED IN REUSED IN

SECOND UNITSECOND UNIT

REUSED INREUSED IN

THIRD UNITTHIRD UNIT

MOISTUREMOISTURE 10 PPM10 PPM 1515--25 PPM25 PPM 3030--50 PPM50 PPM 4545--75+PPM75+PPM

NONNON--

CONDENSIBLESCONDENSIBLES

1.5%1.5% 1.6 1.6 –– 2.0 %2.0 % 1.71.7-- 4.0 %4.0 % 1.8 1.8 –– 8+ % 8+ %

HIGH BOILINGHIGH BOILING

RESIDUE(OIL)RESIDUE(OIL)

.01%.01% 11--2 % 2 % 11--2 % *2 % *

+ADDED OIL+ADDED OIL

11-- 2 % *2 % *

+ADDED OIL+ADDED OIL

ACIDACID 1 PPM1 PPM 11--2 PPM2 PPM ?? ??

* NOTE: ADDED OIL WILL ACCUMULATE IN COMPRESSOR

SYSTEM CONVERSIONSSYSTEM CONVERSIONS

Baseline Data is very important. It is the most accurate Baseline Data is very important. It is the most accurate way to determine if your conversion was successful.way to determine if your conversion was successful.

Simple baseline information should include.Simple baseline information should include.1. Suction pressure & Discharge pressure1. Suction pressure & Discharge pressure2. (a) Evaporator air on and off temperature.2. (a) Evaporator air on and off temperature.2. (a) Evaporator air on and off temperature.2. (a) Evaporator air on and off temperature.

(b) Chiller water in and out temperature(b) Chiller water in and out temperature3. (a) Condenser air3. (a) Condenser air--on and off temperatureon and off temperature

(b) Condenser water in and out temperature(b) Condenser water in and out temperature4. Compressor amperage4. Compressor amperage5. Weight of Refrigerant Charge5. Weight of Refrigerant Charge6. Evaporator Superheat6. Evaporator Superheat

What the pressures can tell you?What the pressures can tell you?

Suction Pressure Suction Pressure

Convert to Evaporator TemperatureConvert to Evaporator Temperature

Discharge PressureDischarge PressureDischarge PressureDischarge Pressure

Convert to Condensing TemperatureConvert to Condensing Temperature

Typical Rooftop A/C ConversionTypical Rooftop A/C Conversion

ASHRAEASHRAE

NUMBERNUMBER

DischargeDischarge

PressurePressure

CondCond

TempTemp

SuctionSuction

PressurePressure

EvapEvap

TempTemp

SafetySafety

& GWP& GWP

RR--2222 208208 104F104F 7373 43F43F A1A1(1810)(1810)

RR--422B422B

((NU22B)NU22B)

210210 104F104F 6363 43F43F A1A1(2525)(2525)

RR--424A424A(RS(RS--44)44)

192192 104F104F 5252 43F43F A1A1(2440)(2440)

RR--438A438A(MO99)(MO99)

223223 104F104F 6565 43F43F A1A1(2265)(2265)

Future of Refrigerants?Future of Refrigerants?

�� HFC Blends with lower GWP (A1)HFC Blends with lower GWP (A1)

�� HFO HydrofluoroHFO Hydrofluoro--olefins (A2L)olefins (A2L)

�� HFO/HFC Blends (A1 or A2L)?HFO/HFC Blends (A1 or A2L)?

Possible Carbon Tax or other GWP Possible Carbon Tax or other GWP �� Possible Carbon Tax or other GWP Possible Carbon Tax or other GWP penalties for HFC refrigerants.penalties for HFC refrigerants.

�� Increased use of natural refrigerants such Increased use of natural refrigerants such as Propane (A3), Isobutane (A3), CO2(A1) as Propane (A3), Isobutane (A3), CO2(A1) and Ammonia(B2) in new equipment. and Ammonia(B2) in new equipment.

QUESTIONS ?QUESTIONS ?

THANK YOU