new microsoft office powerpoint presentation (2)
DESCRIPTION
indirect methodsTRANSCRIPT
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Indirect Methods
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Electrical Resistivity Methods
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Seismic Refraction Methods
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Standard Penetration Test
Bore Hole
Split Spoon Sampler
Tripod
65 kg Hammer
750mm
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Cone Penetration Test
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Bearing capacity of soil
• Bearing capacity is the power of foundation soil to hold the forces from the superstructure without undergoing shear failure or excessive settlement.
Super Structure
Foundation
Foundation Soil
Ground Level
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• Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qf) : It is the maximum pressure that a foundation soil can withstand without undergoing shear failure.
• Net ultimate Bearing Capacity (qn) : It is the maximum extra pressure (in addition to initial overburden pressure) that a foundation soil can withstand without undergoing shear failure.
qn = qf – qo
Here, qo represents the overburden pressure at foundation level and is equal to үD for level ground without surcharge where ү is the unit weight of soil and D is the depth to foundation bottom from Ground Level.
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• Safe Bearing Capacity (qs) : It is the safe extra load the foundation soil is subjected to in addition to initial overburden pressure.
• Here F represents the factor of safety.
on
s qF
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• Allowable Bearing Pressure (qa) : It is the maximum pressure the foundation soil is subjected to considering both shear failure and settlement.
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Method of determining of SBC of soil
• Plate load test: it is a field test for determining the ultimate bearing capacity of soil and the likely settlement under a given load.
• The Plate Load Test basically consists of loading a steel plate placed at the foundation level and recording the settlements corresponding to each load increment.
• The test load is gradually increased till the plate starts to sink at a rapid rate. The total value of load on the plate in such a stage divided by the area of the steel plate gives the value of the ultimate bearing capacity of soil.
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Gravity loading method
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Reaction Truss Method
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