Nepal Poverty Mapping Project

Nepal Development Wikinepaldevelopment.pbworks.com

UNDP Human Development Report Data

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX“The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic used to rank countries by level of "human development" and separate developed (high development), developing (middle development), and underdeveloped (low development) countries. The statistic is composed from data on life expectancy, education and per-capita GNI (as an indicator of standard of living)”

The HDI is the geometric mean of the three normalized indices:

Life Expectancy Index (LEI)LE:  Life expectancy at birth

Education Index (EI):MYS: Mean years of schooling (Years that a 25 year old person or older has spent in schools)EYS: Expected years of schooling (Years that a 5 year old child will spend with his education in his whole life)

Income Index (II):GNIpc: Gross national income at purchasing power parity per capita

HDI - SAARC

Nepal has the lowest HDI in SAARC

Increasing trend overall

HDI - Nepal

Source: http://goldensparrowindia.wordpress.com/

GDI (Gender-related Development Index)

The GDI is an indication of the standard of living in a country. It aims to show the inequalities between men and women in the following areas: long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living.

Calculating the GDI involves three steps.

Step 1: Unit-free indices between 0 and 1 are calculated for females and males in each of the following areas:1. Life expectancy,2. Education (the adult literacy rate and the combined primary to tertiary gross enrollment ratio),3. Estimated earned income (at purchasing power parity US$).

Step 2: For each area, the pair of gender indices, are combined into an Equally Distributed Index that rewards gender equality and penalizes inequality. It is calculated as the harmonic mean of the two indices.

Step 3: The GDI is the un-weighted average of the three Equally Distributed Indices: Equally distributed life expectancy index, Equally distributed education index, Equally distributed income index

Gender Measurements

Gender Empowerment Measure – GEMThe GEM is a measure of inequalities between men's and women's opportunities in a country. It combines inequalities in three areas: 1. Political participation and decision making2. Economic participation and decision making3. Power over economic resources

Calculating the GEM involves several steps. 1. First percentages for females and males are calculated in each area. The first area is the number of parliamentary seats held. The second area is measured by two sub-components: a) legislators, senior officials, and managers, and b) professional and technical positions. The third area is measured by the estimated earned income (at purchasing power parity US$).

2. Second, for each area, the pair of gender percentages, are combined into an Equally Distributed Equivalent Percentage (EDEP) that rewards gender equality and penalizes inequality. It is calculated as the harmonic mean of the two components. The EDEP for economic participation is the un-weighted average of the EDEP for each of its sub-components. The EDEP for income is computed from gender sub-values that are indexed to a scale from 100 to 40,000 (PPP US$).

3. Finally, the GEM is the un-weighted average of the three Equally Distributed Equivalent Percentages.

HUMAN POVERY INDEX (HPI)“Introduced in 1997 as a measure of an extended definition of poverty beyond income, the HPI shows deprivations as contrasted with the capability or well-being measured by HDI”

A composite index measuring deprivations in the three basic dimensions captured in the human development index — 1. A long and healthy life, 2. Knowledge and 3. A decent standard of living

P1: Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 (times 100)P2: Adults lacking functional literacy skillsP3: Population below income poverty line (50% of median adjusted household disposable income)P4: Rate of long-term unemployment (lasting 12 months or more)α: 3

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Poverty_Index

Other Measures

UNDP Human Development Report Summary:

Power relations have not changed significantly since the restoration of democracy in 1990. Although human development has improved at the aggregate level, the gap between the advantaged regions or caste/ethnic groups and the disadvantaged is either widening or remains constant.

Thus, the Dalit, Muslim and Janajati who have had lower levels of human development for generations, continue to suffer today.

Moreover, the level of human development of women is still less than that of men, and the women still lack fair access to opportunities and resources.

Broadening representation and participation has the potential to change power relations. The following chapters look into ways and means by which fair representation and participation might be attained.