Needed!

Juniors to serve on a focus group for the design and

structure of the new high school.

*This would look great on resumes and applications!

Debrief 7.3

WW2 Wrapup

Big Idea 1

Americans viewed the war as a fight for the survival of freedom

and democracy against fascist and militarist ideologies (reinforced

by Japanese atrocities and the Holocaust).

Japan’s Atrocities of WW2

ShangHai Invasion (1938):

■ bombing the entire city and killing thousands of innocent civilians

Nanjing Massacre (1939)

■ invaded the capital city of China, Nanjing.

■ Up to 400,000 killed

■ Up to 80,000 women were sexually assaulted.

Germany’s Atrocities of WW2

Holocaust: The Final Solution

Organized and systematic persecution and extermination of European Jews by Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945.

Labor, extermination, and transit camps

• Other victims: Political Opponents, Habitual Criminals, Handicapped, Homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Roma (Gypsies), Poles, Freemasons, Immigrants, P.O.W.’s, African-Germans

Jewish Losses

Poland 88% 2,900,000

Soviet Union 33% 1,000,000

Hungary 70% 550,000

Romania 35% 271,000

Lithuania 90% 140,000

Germany 27% 134,500

Netherlands 75% 100,000

Bohemia & Moravia 84% 78,150

France 24% 77,320

Latvia 75% 70,000

Slovakia 76% 68,000

Greece 80% 60,000

Yugoslavia 72% 56,200

Austria 27% 50,000

Belgium 44% 28,900

Italy 20% 7,680

Luxembourg 50% 1,950

Estonia 33% 1,500

Norway 55% 762

Denmark 1.3% 60

Finland 2.8% 7

Albania 0 0

Bulgaria 0 0

Spain 0 0

Sweden 0 0

Switzerland 0 0

Allied Response to the Holocaust

● Evian Conference (1938) –

32 world leaders discussing

Jewish refugee issue. Most

would not issue more

visas.

● S.S. St. Louis (1939) – Ship

of Jewish refugees was

turned away from Cuba,

the U.S. and Canada.

350/620 survived.

Nuremberg Trials

International military tribunal (BR, FR, US, SU)

National leaders held accountable for crimes against

humanity.

Horrible details of Nazi’s actions were exposed.

Nazi leaders imprisoned or executed.

Allied Response to the Holocaust

Nuremburg Results

• http://www.nurembergfilm.org/trial_defendants_verdicts.shtml

• Charges

• 1 – Conspiracy

• 2 – Crimes against peace (starting/contributing to war)

• 3 – War crimes (violating general rules of war, bombing civilians, etc)

• 4 – Crimes against humanity (persecution, enslavement, genocide)

"I" indicted "G" indicted and found guilty "O" Not Charged

Big Idea 2

U.S. emerged as the most powerful nation on earth (Asia

and Europe were ravaged, U.S. played dominant role in the

Allied victory and postwar peace settlements)

Flashback – After WW1

Most nations tried to treat the defeated powers as they

always had historically.

The US refused to join the League of Nations.

Markets struggled, unemployment and inflation went up.

No one understood what had just happened

What happened after WW2?

Isolationism officially ends as nations begin to grasp the

concept of globalization

This time the Allies know they have to go out and

actually help the defeated nations rather than just punish

them.

Yalta Conference

Divided Germany and

Berlin into 4 occupied

zones

USA, Great Britain,

France, and USSR

West Berlin →US,

GB, FR

East Berlin→ USSR

United Nations: to promote peace and prevent future world wars

General Assembly, Security Council, Court

Replaces League of Nations

Self-determination: people should vote for their own gov’t

Yalta Conference

2 Superpowers Emerge

U.S.A. and USSR

Opposite Ideologies (communism vs. capitalism)

Opposite Goals

Capitalism Communism

Econ private ownership, competition,

laissez-faire, different classes

government owns industries,

economic equality, classless

society

Politics democratic government by the

people (representation or direct)

totalitarian, one leader, total

control over citizen’s lives, no

freedoms

Key

Values

freedoms (press, speech,

ownership)

Equality, basic needs like food,

housing, education, and jobs

Society individualism, competition collective, working together, “all

for one and one for all”

Opposite Ideologies Don’t write this! You should know this.

USA Goals USSR GOALS

1. Allow self-determination 1. Create communism in other

countries

2. Promote free trade and

capitalism

2. Control Eastern European

markets

3. Rebuild European government

to create stability

3. Create a buffer zone between

Germany and the USSR

4. Reunite Germany 4. Keep Germany weak and

divided

Opposite Goals

Essay

A. Thesis (1pt)

Directly address all parts

Do not just restate

Take a position! Recognizing gray areas is ok, but

position should be defended.

B. HTS – Comparison (2pts)

Describe similarities and differences

Explain reasons for similarities and differences

Use examples

Analyze why and evaluate significance

B. HTS – Causation (2pts)

Describe causes and/or effects (read prompt carefully)

Provide specific examples, reasons for causes and/or

effects

HTS - CCOT

Continuity

Change

Analyze specific examples and reasons for CCOT

HTS - Periodization

Describe how historical development was different from

and similar to developments that preceded and/or

followed (read prompt carefully)

Explain extent to which it was different and similar

Provide specific examples

C. Use of evidence (2pts)

Use specific evidence that is relevant to the question

Clearly and consistently state how evidence supports

thesis

Make clear links

D. Synthesis (1pt)

Explain connections between the argument/prompt and

ONE:

A different historical period, situation, era, or geographic

area

A course theme or approach to history that is NOT

already a focus of the essay (political, economic, social,

cultural, intellectual..)

MORE than a phrase or brief reference

LEQ

Some historians have argued that the New Deal was ultimately

conservative in nature. Support, modify, or refute this

interpretation, providing specific evidence to justify your

answer.

Circle the task at hand

(analyze, assess, compare, etc.)

Underline the historical subject/content

Box out the time period given, or assign one

Some historians have argued that the New Deal was ultimately conservative

in nature. Support, modify, or refute this interpretation, providing specific

evidence to justify your answer

Definition of “conservative” - holding to traditional attitudes and

values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in relation to

politics or religion. (AKA – no major change)

Approach this as a CCOT question

What Changed?

Politically

Socially

Economically

What Stayed the Same?

Politically

Socially

Economically

LEQ

Some historians have argued that the New Deal was

ultimately conservative in nature. Support, modify, or refute

this interpretation, providing specific evidence to justify your

answer

Sample Positions

Support –

Refute –

Modify –