naturalistic study of commercial vehicle drivers meetings/sae/2016/… · january 21, 2016 ....
TRANSCRIPT
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
NATURALISTIC STUDY OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLE DRIVERS
Alrik L. Svenson Office of Vehicle Crash Avoidance and Electronic
Controls Research NHTSA
SAE Government Industry Meeting
January 21, 2016 Washington , D.C.
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
• Conduct Field Operational Test (FOT) on Collision Avoidance and Mitigation Systems • Automatic Emergency Braking/Forward Collision Warning (AEB/FCW) • Lane Departure warning (LDW) • Each truck in study for approximately one year • Study sample of Safety Critical Events (SCE)
• Answer five research questions: • What is the reliability of the system? • How does driver performance change over time using the system? • What is the overall driving behavior? • What are real-world driving conflicts addressed by the system? • What are the safety benefits?
• Subjective Analysis - Fleet Manager Surveys
Objective
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
Study Methodology
• Conducted by the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI)
• 150 - Class 8 tractors instrumented
• 7 - Small to medium sized fleets participating
• Surveys administered to safety managers at each participating fleet
• Fleets were given an incentive of $2000 per truck to participate
CAS Bendix Meritor WABCO Total AEB/FCW 54/54 96/96 150/150 LDW 6/54 80/96 86/150
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
Locations of Trucks in Study
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
• Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) • Impact Alert (IA) • Stopped Object Alert (SOA) • Following Distance Alert (FDA) • Lane Departure Warning (LDW) • Study Measure – Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
Activation
Types of Alerts
Data collection for FOT: • 3.2 Million Miles of Driving • 109,000 Hours of Driving
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
System Alerts and Activations
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
FCW Alert “Appropriateness” Classifications
• 4,488 AEB and FCW alerts were sampled and classified into one of three categories
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
AEB and FCW Reliability
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
• 1,512 LDW alerts were sampled and classified into one of three categories
Definitions for LDW Alerts
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
LDW Reliability
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
• No rear end collisions reported by fleets during study.
• The more severe the CAS alert, the more likely it was to occur prior to safety critical event.
• Most alerts observed in study were advisory. • Alerts observed to help prevent some safety
conflicts. • AEB may not be appropriate in an advisory context.
CAS Reliability
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
• False alerts were present across all alert types. • AEB and Impact Alerts were observed to be different
between manufacturers. • False FDA and LDW Alerts were relatively infrequent. • False Stopped Object Alerts were most frequent
type. • False alerts may lead drivers not to trust system. • All safety managers agreed that false alerts
negatively impact the perception of the system by their drivers.
False Alerts Observed
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
Study Findings
• CAS activations were appropriate, but improvements could be made to reduce false alerts. – Better testing for curved roads and stationary objects
may help improve systems. • CAS did not appear to change driving behavior, but
alerts may be helpful in detecting behavioral issues for driver training.
• Team driving operations may be disrupted by frequent advisory alerts.
Safer Drivers. Safer Cars. Safer Roads.
Study Findings (Cont.)
• False AEB activations were generally short and did not reduce the speed of the truck significantly.
• False alerts may cause drivers to not accept or trust system.
• Emerging CAS technology shows increased safety potential – Newer generation systems being released now include
better sensors, refined algorithms, and additional features.
