National Plan for eNational Plan for e--

Governance in NepalGovernance in Nepal

Manohar K Bhattarai, Manohar K Bhattarai,

Member, High Level Commission for IT Member, High Level Commission for IT

Presentation HighlightsPresentation Highlights

•• Rationale Rationale

•• Where do we stand in terms of Where do we stand in terms of eGovernmenteGovernment/ / eGovernanceeGovernance related initiatives ?related initiatives ?–– eGoveGov Master PlanMaster Plan

–– ADB PPTA ADB PPTA

•• Current statusCurrent status

•• Key components of implementation frameworkKey components of implementation framework

•• Critical success factors with particular reference to Critical success factors with particular reference to Nepali ground realities Nepali ground realities

RationaleRationaleRationale

• Best prospects for MDGs especially for rural communities

– Potential to bridge the gaps in service delivery• Health, education, etc

• Only realistic means of delivering government services universally

• A strong means of developing community participation

– Strength of ICTs - Participation and collaboration

• Best prospect for reinforcing key dimensions of good governance

– Transparency, accountability, efficiency and inclusion

•• Best prospects for Best prospects for MDGsMDGs especially for ruralespecially for rural communitiescommunities

–– Potential to bridge the gaps in service deliveryPotential to bridge the gaps in service delivery•• Health, education, etcHealth, education, etc

•• Only realistic means of delivering government services Only realistic means of delivering government services universallyuniversally

•• A strong means of developing community participationA strong means of developing community participation

–– Strength of ICTs Strength of ICTs -- Participation and collaborationParticipation and collaboration

•• Best prospect for reinforcing key dimensions of good Best prospect for reinforcing key dimensions of good governancegovernance

–– Transparency, accountability, efficiency and inclusionTransparency, accountability, efficiency and inclusion

Key milestonesKey milestones

•• Preparation of Preparation of eGoveGov Master planMaster plan

–– Process initiation Jan, 2005 Process initiation Jan, 2005 –– Final Final eGMPeGMP Consulting Consulting report published on Nov, 2006report published on Nov, 2006

–– A collaborative initiative involving HLCIT, NITC, A collaborative initiative involving HLCIT, NITC, MoESTMoEST, , MoICMoIC, , MoGAMoGA and and MoFMoF

•• PPTA PPTA supported by Asian Development Banksupported by Asian Development Bank

eGMPeGMP ObjectiveObjective

““ Realize good governance and SocioRealize good governance and Socio--

economic developmenteconomic development”” by by

establishing an effective, systematic establishing an effective, systematic

and productive eand productive e--GovernmentGovernment

E-Government Master Plan Framework

EE--Government Master Plan Government Master Plan FrameworkFramework

HR CapabilityICT Development Skills

Regulatory / Strategic

Skills,

Community e-literacy

HR CapabilityICT Development Skills

Regulatory / Strategic

Skills,

Community e-literacy

Leadership &

OrganizationAuthority

Lead agency

BPR

Leadership &

OrganizationAuthority

Lead agency

BPR

ApplicationsPublic & Private Investment

Market Development

Demand Drivers – Apps, E-

Community.

ApplicationsPublic & Private Investment

Market Development

Demand Drivers – Apps, E-

Community.

Infrastructure &

AccessInterconnected

Convergent

& Accessible

Infrastructure &

AccessInterconnected

Convergent

& Accessible

RegulationConsumer protection

Commercial certainty

Efficiency of access /

Public &commercial infra.

RegulationConsumer protection

Commercial certainty

Efficiency of access /

Public &commercial infra.

E-Gov Nepal

MASTER PLAN

E-Gov Nepal

MASTER PLAN

PPTAPPTAADB supported PPTA initiative currently underway with the ADB supported PPTA initiative currently underway with the

specific mandate of: specific mandate of:

• Preparing an Investment Project that will support:

• Economic growth

• Poverty alleviation

• Producing key deliverables including:

√ Remote areas accessibility and infrastructure plan

√ An infrastructure investment plan

√ Design of selected e-gov applications and architecture

√ A legal, regulatory and institutional framework

√ Institutional and HR development programmes

√ A feasibility assessment of the investment package

•• Preparing an Investment Project that will support:Preparing an Investment Project that will support:

•• Economic growthEconomic growth

•• Poverty alleviationPoverty alleviation

•• Producing key deliverables including:Producing key deliverables including:

√√ Remote areas accessibility and infrastructure planRemote areas accessibility and infrastructure plan

√√ An infrastructure investment planAn infrastructure investment plan

√√ Design of selected Design of selected ee--govgov applications and architectureapplications and architecture

√√ A legal, regulatory and institutional frameworkA legal, regulatory and institutional framework

√√ Institutional and HR development programmesInstitutional and HR development programmes

√√ A feasibility assessment of the investment packageA feasibility assessment of the investment package

Key components of implementation frameworkKey components of implementation framework

•• InfrastructureInfrastructure

•• Rural connectivity and telecentresRural connectivity and telecentres

•• Priority EPriority E--Government ServicesGovernment Services

•• Common Architecture and GroupwareCommon Architecture and Groupware•• Ensure interoperabilityEnsure interoperability

•• Capacity BuildingCapacity Building

•• Investment Proposals & Business CaseInvestment Proposals & Business Case

•• Legal and Regulatory frameworkLegal and Regulatory framework

Key tasks : PPTAKey tKey tasks : PPTAasks : PPTA

• Specify architecture, standards framework & policy

• Specify businesses case and procurement processes/plans & $$ � Groupware + Installation

� Computing centre

� Portal

� NID

• Identify key agencies X application – map processes – map alignment –initiate BPR - Identify equipment requirements

• Develop implementation plans

• Develop ICT Infrastructure Investment Plan

• Scope Rural initiatives� Infrastructure

� Telecentres and Sustainability

� Content and business models

• Define Training and HR Requirements, Awareness, local developers

• Program for Legal and Regulatory Reforms

• Investment Plans

•• SpecifySpecify architecture, standards framework & policyarchitecture, standards framework & policy

•• Specify businessSpecify businesseses case and procurement processcase and procurement processes/es/planplanss & $$ & $$ �� Groupware + Installation Groupware + Installation

�� Computing centre Computing centre

�� PortalPortal

�� NIDNID

•• Identify key agenciesIdentify key agencies X applicationX application –– map processes map processes –– map alignment map alignment ––initiate BPR initiate BPR -- IIdentify equipment requirementsdentify equipment requirements

•• Develop implementation planDevelop implementation planss

•• Develop ICT Infrastructure Investment PlanDevelop ICT Infrastructure Investment Plan

•• Scope Rural initiativesScope Rural initiatives�� InfrastructureInfrastructure

�� Telecentres and SustainabilityTelecentres and Sustainability

�� ContentContent and business modelsand business models

•• Define Training and HR Requirements, Awareness, local developersDefine Training and HR Requirements, Awareness, local developers

•• Program for Legal and Regulatory ReformsProgram for Legal and Regulatory Reforms

•• Investment PlansInvestment Plans

Current StatusCurrent Status

EE--readiness indicatorsreadiness indicators

Source: B2B E-MARKETPLACES: Current Trends, Challenges and Opportunities for SMEs Exporters in Developing Countries of Asia and the Pacific, Country

Report Nepal. Published by International Trade Centre, Geneva 2003.

•• PSTN PSTN 495,000495,000

•• GSM GSM 390,000390,000–– GPRS being launchedGPRS being launched

•• CDMA CDMA 55,00055,000

•• Teledensity Teledensity 5.86% (1phone per 100 people)5.86% (1phone per 100 people)–– 2.32% in fixed line and 3.54% in mobile2.32% in fixed line and 3.54% in mobile

–– Urban: 12.5%, Rural: 0.213%Urban: 12.5%, Rural: 0.213%

–– Mobile service in 40 districtsMobile service in 40 districts

•• Internet users Internet users 240,000240,000

•• Expansion in 5 years Expansion in 5 years 1Million CDMA 2 Million GSM1Million CDMA 2 Million GSM•• ADSL, IP Backbone, GPRS,ADSL, IP Backbone, GPRS,

•• PDSN, EVDOPDSN, EVDOSource: Nepal Telecom ( April, 2006)Source: Nepal Telecom ( April, 2006)

ICT infrastructure in NepalICT infrastructure in Nepal

Policy, legal and regulatory frameworkPolicy, legal and regulatory framework

•• IT Policy 2000 (Revised IT Policy awaiting cabinet IT Policy 2000 (Revised IT Policy awaiting cabinet approval)approval)

•• Electronic Transaction and Digital Signature Act 2063Electronic Transaction and Digital Signature Act 2063

•• Regulations & infrastructure that need to be in Regulations & infrastructure that need to be in operationoperation–– IT Tribunal Procedures, Electronic Transactions RegulationIT Tribunal Procedures, Electronic Transactions Regulation

–– Controller of Certification Authority &Controller of Certification Authority &

–– Certification Authorities for Digital CertificatesCertification Authorities for Digital Certificates

•• Payment gateways needed for ePayment gateways needed for e--commerce operationscommerce operations

•• Financial Comptroller General Office (FCGO)Financial Comptroller General Office (FCGO)

•• Inland Revenue Department ( IRD)Inland Revenue Department ( IRD)

•• Election CommissionElection Commission

•• Custom OfficesCustom Offices

•• Department of Health Department of Health –– HMISHMIS

•• Department of Land Information & ArchivesDepartment of Land Information & Archives

•• Immigration Office at AirportImmigration Office at Airport

•• EE--Approval application at MOGAApproval application at MOGA

•• General Post Office General Post Office

•• Company Registration Company Registration

•• Nepal Police Nepal Police

Use of computer application specific to mainUse of computer application specific to main

functional areasfunctional areas

Web presence Web presence •• Government WebsitesGovernment Websites

–– Most of the central offices have websitesMost of the central offices have websites

–– Most of them are static information onlyMost of them are static information only

–– A lot of them are not operatingA lot of them are not operating

–– Many are not up to dateMany are not up to date

•• Few websites provide for application forms downloadingFew websites provide for application forms downloading

•• EE--ProcurementProcurement–– www.bolpatra.gov.npwww.bolpatra.gov.np

•• All central level offices have computers & NetworkAll central level offices have computers & Network. Most . Most of district offices with electricity & telephone have at least 1of district offices with electricity & telephone have at least 1computercomputer

•• Extensive use of computers for letter/document/report Extensive use of computers for letter/document/report preparationpreparation

Applications

Development of Existing Systems

ApplicationsApplications

Development of Existing SystemsDevelopment of Existing Systems

�� EE--VAT (Integration with eVAT (Integration with e--Gov umbrella) (G2B) Gov umbrella) (G2B)

�� EE--PAN (Integration with ePAN (Integration with e--Gov umbrella) (G2B) Gov umbrella) (G2B)

�� EE--Filing (Integration with eFiling (Integration with e--Gov umbrella) (G2B) Gov umbrella) (G2B)

�� EE--TDS (Integration with eTDS (Integration with e--Gov umbrella) (G2B) Gov umbrella) (G2B)

• Vehicle Registration (G2C) - Name transfer, Blue Book renewal, • Pollution checking, driving license exam and issuance

• Registration of Cottage and Small Industries (G2B)

• E-Approval - Document Management System (G2G) • E-Procurement (G2B)

• Company Registration (G2B) • E-Postal service (G2C)

• Government Accounting system -Disbursement centers (G2G) • Personnel Management System ( Civil Service Records) (G2G)

• E-HMIS ( Ministry of Health) (G2G)

• Revenue (G2B)

•• Vehicle Registration (G2C) Vehicle Registration (G2C) -- Name transfer, Blue Book renewal, Name transfer, Blue Book renewal,

•• Pollution checking, driving license exam and issuance Pollution checking, driving license exam and issuance

•• Registration of Cottage and Small Industries (G2B) Registration of Cottage and Small Industries (G2B)

•• EE--Approval Approval -- Document Management System (G2G) Document Management System (G2G)

•• EE--Procurement (G2B) Procurement (G2B)

•• Company Registration (G2B) Company Registration (G2B)

•• EE--Postal service (G2C) Postal service (G2C)

•• Government Accounting system Government Accounting system --Disbursement Disbursement centerscenters (G2G) (G2G)

•• Personnel Management System ( Civil Service Records) (G2G) Personnel Management System ( Civil Service Records) (G2G)

•• EE--HMIS ( Ministry of Health) (G2G) HMIS ( Ministry of Health) (G2G)

•• Revenue (G2B) Revenue (G2B)

• NID (G2C)

• Vital Registrations (G2C)

• Excise (G2C)

• Passport (G2C)

• Local Government Planning, budgeting and monitoring (G2G)

• Public Service Commission (G2C and G2G)

• Investment, Trade and Supplies System (G2B)

• Online Jobs and Recruitment abroad (G2C)

• E-education (G2C)

• NID (G2C)

• Vital Registrations (G2C)

• Excise (G2C)

• Passport (G2C)

• Local Government Planning, budgeting and monitoring (G2G)

• Public Service Commission (G2C and G2G)

• Investment, Trade and Supplies System (G2B)

• Online Jobs and Recruitment abroad (G2C)

• E-education (G2C)

Applications

Development of Emerging Systems

ApplicationsApplications

Development of Emerging SystemsDevelopment of Emerging Systems

� Birth Registration

� Death Registration

� Marriage Registration

� Divorce Registration

� Relationship Certificate

� Migration Certificate

�� Birth RegistrationBirth Registration

�� Death Registration Death Registration

�� Marriage Registration Marriage Registration

�� Divorce Registration Divorce Registration

�� Relationship Certificate Relationship Certificate

�� Migration Certificate Migration Certificate

Critical Success Factors

Government urgency and

Leadership for ICT

Need demonstration effect and

diffusion effect

Matching of applications

development with capacity

constraints

Strong Institutional Arrangement

Information/Knowledge Network

Data Security Network (authenticity,

privacy, integrity, non-repudiation)

Technology adaptation

Workflow adaptation

Cultural Aspect

Effective user relationship

Trust to e-Services

Need to overcome general resistance

to computerization

ICT Workforce

Content Development

Digitization of existing records and

documents

- Computerization

Localization/Local language

computing

Develop local ownership

Infrastructure

…

THANK YOU THANK YOU

• Conduct a baseline survey and identify lessons learned from similar e-Government initiatives pursued by other countries

• Draft a procurement plan for the subsequent loan project

• Examine ICT sector performance in terms of teledensity; infrastructure provision; market reform and development; and licensing and regulatory framework.

• Develop an ICT infrastructure investment plan

• Assess the Government’s telecenter initiative, evaluate the performance of existing telecenters, and develop a sustainable telecenter model to be rolled out by the ensuing project

• Identify the priority e-services to be covered by the ensuing project.

• Analyze the work flow of selective government services and BPR

• Develop common architecture for e-Government applications.

• Develop information systems and applications through one-stop portal sites as well as for government intranet and villageintranet.

•• Conduct a baseline survey and iConduct a baseline survey and identify lessons learned from similar edentify lessons learned from similar e--Government initiatives pursued by other countries Government initiatives pursued by other countries

•• Draft a procurement plan for the subsequent loan projectDraft a procurement plan for the subsequent loan project

•• Examine ICT sector performance in terms of teledensity; infrastrExamine ICT sector performance in terms of teledensity; infrastructure ucture provision; market reform and development; and licensing and reguprovision; market reform and development; and licensing and regulatory latory framework. framework.

•• Develop an ICT infrastructure investment plan Develop an ICT infrastructure investment plan

•• Assess the GovernmentAssess the Government’’s s telecentertelecenter initiative, evaluate the performance of initiative, evaluate the performance of existing telecenters, and develop a sustainable existing telecenters, and develop a sustainable telecentertelecenter model to be model to be rolled out by the ensuing project rolled out by the ensuing project

•• Identify the priority eIdentify the priority e--services to be covered by the ensuing project. services to be covered by the ensuing project.

•• Analyze the work flow of selective government services and BPRAnalyze the work flow of selective government services and BPR

•• Develop common architecture for eDevelop common architecture for e--Government applications.Government applications.

•• Develop information systems and applications through oneDevelop information systems and applications through one--stop portal sites as well as for government intranet and villagestop portal sites as well as for government intranet and villageintranet.intranet.

PPTA TORs IPPTA TORs IPPTA TORs I

• Identify the institutional links between central and local governments and communication opportunities between villages to villages.

• Recommend the way to encourage local private sector participation in developing information systems and applications.

• Develop promotion plan to increase public awareness for e-service and village intranet through popular media (TV and radio) as tools for all citizens with particular focus on rural area.

• Recommend institutional and human resource development programs for e-Government initiative.

• Develop training programs for government employees.

• Formulate regional cooperation program for knowledge sharing (e.g., study tours to the advanced countries in e-government).

• Ensure that the study focus on, and take full account of, poverty issues, improve external funding agency coordination.

•• Identify the institutional links between central and local goverIdentify the institutional links between central and local governments nments and communication opportunities between villages to villages. and communication opportunities between villages to villages.

•• Recommend the way to encourage local private sector participatioRecommend the way to encourage local private sector participation in n in developing information systems and applications. developing information systems and applications.

•• Develop promotion plan to increase public awareness for eDevelop promotion plan to increase public awareness for e--service and service and village intranet through popular media (TV and radio) as tools fvillage intranet through popular media (TV and radio) as tools for all or all citizens with particular focus on rural area.citizens with particular focus on rural area.

•• Recommend institutional and human resource development programs Recommend institutional and human resource development programs for efor e--Government initiative.Government initiative.

•• Develop training programs for government employees.Develop training programs for government employees.

•• Formulate regional cooperation program for knowledge sharing (e.Formulate regional cooperation program for knowledge sharing (e.g., g., study tours to the advanced countries in estudy tours to the advanced countries in e--government).government).

•• Ensure that the study focus on, and take full account of, povertEnsure that the study focus on, and take full account of, poverty issues, y issues, improve external funding agency coordination.improve external funding agency coordination.

PPTA TORs IIPPTA TORs IIPPTA TORs II

TimeframeTimeframeTimeframe

Workshop/ WGWorkshop/ WG

November December January February March April JulyJuneMay

Final

Financial analysis / P-Plan

Policy, Training, Village & Regulatory Options

Portal / BPR design and processes

Lead apps and Infrastructure

Design architecture & systems

Data & Review

Design Surveys

PMU / kick-off, Define projectsRecruitment

Establish teams

Proposed Key LeadProposed Key Lead

ApplicationsApplications•• Rajesh KRajesh K

•• ShakyaShakya, Jan 26, 2007, Jan 26, 2007

•• Emerging Key ApplicationsEmerging Key Applications

•• 1. NID (1. NID (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• 2. Vital Registrations (2. Vital Registrations (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• 1. Birth Registration1. Birth Registration

•• 2. Death Registration2. Death Registration

•• 3. Marriage Registration3. Marriage Registration

•• 4. Divorce Registration4. Divorce Registration

•• 5. Relationship Certificate5. Relationship Certificate

•• 6. Migration Certificate6. Migration Certificate

•• 3. Excise (3. Excise (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• 4. Passport (4. Passport (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• 5. Planning, budgeting and monitoring systems for5. Planning, budgeting and monitoring systems for

•• Local Government Bodies. (Local Government Bodies. (

•• G2G)G2G)

•• 6. Public Service Commission (6. Public Service Commission (

•• G2C and G2G)G2C and G2G)

•• 7. Investment, Trade and Supplies System (7. Investment, Trade and Supplies System (

•• G2B)G2B)

•• 8. Government Representation Portal (8. Government Representation Portal (

•• GRP) (GRP) (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• 9. Online Jobs and Recruitment abroad (9. Online Jobs and Recruitment abroad (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• 10. E10. E--education (education (

•• G2C)G2C)

•• Proposed Key LeadProposed Key Lead

ConnectivityConnectivity

•• Rajesh KRajesh K

•• ShakyaShakya, Jan 26, 2007, Jan 26, 2007

•• ConnectivityConnectivity

••

•• Encouraging picture in Telecom sectorEncouraging picture in Telecom sector

••

•• Four operators licensed to provide servicesFour operators licensed to provide services

•• ––

•• Nepal TelecomNepal Telecom

•• ––

•• United Telecom Limited (United Telecom Limited (

•• UTL) the wireless inUTL) the wireless in

•• local loop operatorlocal loop operator

•• ––

•• SPICE the new operator in mobile telephonesSPICE the new operator in mobile telephones

•• ––

•• STM Communications in rural telecom serviceSTM Communications in rural telecom service

•• for the eastern development regionfor the eastern development region

••

•• liberalisationliberalisation is still very shallow andis still very shallow and

•• competition is very limitedcompetition is very limited

•• ConnectivityConnectivity

Critical Success Factors

Create Commitment network from Top to

bottom of bureaucracy

Need demonstration effect and diffusion

effect

Strong Institutional Arrangement

Information/Knowledge Network

Data Security Network (authenticity,

privacy, integrity, non-repudiation)

Technology adaptation

Workflow adaptation

Cultural Aspect

Effective user relationship

Trust to e-Services

Need to overcome general resistance to

computerization

ICT Workforce

Content Development

Digitization of existing records and

documents

- Computerization

Localization/Local language computing

Develop local ownership

Infrastructure