Inside Earth (pp. 118 – 126)

Section 4.1

Definitions

Mineral

Element

Compound

Moh’s Hardness Scale

Inside Earth (pp. 118 – 126)

Section 4.1

Definitions

Streak

Luster

Density

Cleavage

Fracture

Fluorescence

Topaz

Diamond

Gypsum

Feldspar

Calcite

Quartz

Corundum

TALC

Fluorite

Apatite

Inside Earth (pp. 118 – 126)

Section 4.1

List the following minerals in order from the least hard to the most hard according to Moh’s hardness scale.

1. 5. 8.

2. 6. 9. 3. 7. 10.

4.

Inside Earth (pp. 118 – 126)Section 4.1

The chart on page 124 of your textbook lists some common minerals and their properties.

Try to identify the minerals by their descriptions.

Mineral 1

The mineral streak is colorless

The mineral is glassy

The mineral has a density of 2.6.

The mineral can be used as a gem.

Do you have an identification, yet? Yes or No

Why or why not?

Mineral 2

The mineral is black.

The mineral is metallic

The mineral has a density of 5.2.

The mineral is used to make steel.

Do you have an identification? Yes or No

Why or why not?

If you failed to identify mineral 1 or mineral 2, what kind of information would help you make an identification?

Inside Earth (pp. 118 – 126)

Section 4.1

Discussion

What does it mean to say that a mineral has a definite chemical composition?

How do you calculate density?

What is the difference between cleavage and fracture?

According to the definition of a mineral, can water be classified as a mineral? Explain.

Inside Earth (pp. 128 – 133)

Section 4.2

Definitions

Solution

Vein

Minerals can be formed by _________________________________________________________________ and

____________________________________________________________________________________________________.

What 3 things affect crystal size in a mineral produced by cooling magma?

1.

2.

3.

Name 3 minerals that are formed by the evaporation of seawater. How are they used?

1. mineral: use:

2. mineral: use:

3. mineral use:

Inside Earth (pp. 134 – 139)

Section 4.3

Definition

Gemstone

Ore

Prospector

Smelting

Alloy

Inside Earth (pp. 134 – 139)

Section 4.3

Match the type of mine to its description and illustration.

____________________________ 1. Miners dig tunnels that extend deep underground. This method extracts ore that is in veins.

____________________________ 2. Earth-moving equipment removes the soil and exposes the ore underneath.

____________________________ 3. Earth-moving equipment exposes the ore, but the oreIs found deeper within the earth. Pits are dug to get the ore out.

____________________________ 4.

____________________________ 5.

____________________________ 6.