a&p ch16 practice test digestive...

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 1 of 8)

1. _____________________________ Bony structure that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

2. _____________________________ The functional unit of the liver

3. _____________________________ Collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine

4. _____________________________ Folds of the small intestine wall

5. _____________________________ folds of the gastric mucosa that are present when a stomach is empty

6. _____________________________ Common passage for food and air

7. _____________________________ Literally a food chute; has no digestive or absorptive role

8. _____________________________ Prevents food from moving back into the small intestine once it has entered the large intestine

9. _____________________________ Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation

10. _____________________________ Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon

11. _____________________________ Organ in which protein digestion begins

12. _____________________________ Organ in which carbohydrate digestion begins

13. _____________________________ Organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile (be very specific)

14. _____________________________ Region containing two sphincters, through which

feces are expelled from the body


15. Color the parts of the diagram with the indicated color. Appendix Red Ascending Colon Blue Descending Colon Green Sigmoid Colon Orange Transverse Colon Purple Esophagus Red Liver Yellow Nasal Cavity Yellow Oral cavity Green Pancreas Red Parotid salivary gland Blue Pharynx Purple Rectum Brown Small intestine Yellow Sublingual Salivary Gland Brown Submandibular Salivary Gland Orange Color the Tongue Red Circle the Anus & Anal Canal using Black

16. List the parts of the alimentary tract in order, starting with the oral cavity. Do NOT include accessory organs.

17. List the organs that are accessory organs


18. Match the cells of the gastric pits with their proper secretion. Mucous cells _________ A. secrete gastrin when food enters the stomach Chief cells ___________ B. secrete mucus, which helps protect the gastric mucosa Parietal cells _________ C. secrete hydrochloric acid, which activates pepsin G cells ______________ D. Secrete pepsinogen, an inactive form of the enzyme pepsin

19. Color the canine teeth Yellow Color the incisors Red Color the first premolars Blue Color the second premolars Green Color the first molars Orange Color the second molars Purple Color the third molars Black

20. Color the Alveolar Bone Yellow Color the Cementum Red Circle the cusps with black Color the Dentin Orange Color the enamel Purple Color the gingiva Green Color the Pulp cavity Blue

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 4 of 8) 21. Color each part of the stomach with the indicated color. Body Yellow Duodenum Blue Esophagus Dark Green Fundus Light Green Greater curvature Blue Lesser curvature Purple Rugae Red Pyloric sphincter Brown Pylorus Orange 22. Color each part of the stomach with the indicated color. Gall Bladder Blue Common Bile Duct Brown Cystic duct Red Hepatic duct Purple Pancreatic duct Dark Green Liver Lobes Yellow Pancreas Light Green Duodenum Orange 23. What substance from the pancreas is required by the small intestine in order to complete digestion? What substance from the liver is required? 24. Describe the difference between chemical and mechanical digestion.

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 5 of 8) 25. Number the parts of the small and large intestine in order, beginning with the duodenum __________ anal canal __________ duodenum __________ transverse colon __________ ascending colon __________ Ileum __________ sigmoid colon __________ cecum __________ jejunum __________ anus __________ descending colon __________ rectum 26. Fill in the Blanks Swallowing, or _____________________________ occurs in two major phases – the ________________________ and ______________________. During the voluntary phase, __________________________ is used to push the food into the throat, and the __________________________ rises to close off the nasal passageways. As food is moved involuntarily through the pharynx, the __________________________ rises to ensure that its passageway is covered by the _____________________ so that ingested substances do not enter respiratory passages. It is possible to swallow water while standing on your head because the water is carried along the esophagus involuntarily by the process of ________________________________. The pressure exerted by food on the _______________________________ valve causes it to open so that food can enter the stomach.

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 6 of 8) 27. Fill in the blanks. The liver is an important metabolic organ in the body. In its metabolic role, the liver uses amino acids from the nutrient rich hepatic portal blood to make many blood proteins. The liver also acts to maintain homeostatic blood glucose levels. It removes glucose from the blood when blood glucose levels are high, a condition called _______________________________, and stores it as __________________________________. When blood glucose levels are low, a condition called _____________________________________, liver cells break down the stored carbohydrate and release glucose to the blood once again. This latter process is termed ___________________________________. In addition to its processing of amino acids and sugars, the liver plays important role in the processing of fats. Other functions of the liver include the _____________________________________ of drugs and alcohol. 28. _________________ and ______________ Which of the following terms are synonymous?

A. Gastrointestinal tract C. Digestive system B. Digestive tract D. Alimentary canal

29. __________ Which of the following is NOT a part of digestion?

A. Absorb water, electrolytes, and other nutrients B. Eliminate undigested food through the anus C. Ingest food D. All of these are involved in digestion.

30. __________ Which of the following tunica of the digestive tract has blood vessels, nerves and small glands?

A. Muscularis C. Serosa or adventitia B. Submucosa D. Mucosa

31. __________ Which are the salivary glands that are located anterior to the ears?

A. Sebaceous glands C. Parotid glands B. Sublingual glands D. Submandibular glands

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 7 of 8) 32. __________ Which of the following phases of swallowing involved the epiglottis covering

the opening to the larynx? A. Voluntary phase C. Esophageal phase B. Pharyngeal phase D. None of these are correct

33. __________ Which of the following is part of the stomach that connects with the small

intestine? A. Body C. Pyloric B. Cardiac D. Fundus

34. __________ Which of the following increases the surface area of the individual simple columnar epithelial cells?

A. Circular folds C. Villi B. Microvilli D. All of these are correct

35. __________ Which of the following are responsible for movement of chyme in the small

intestine? A. Peristaltic contraction C. Segmental contraction B. Mass movements D. All of these are correct

36. __________ Which of the following is where the small and large intestine meet?

A. Pyloric sphincter C. Esophageal sphincter B. Ileocecal junction D. Cystic sphincter

37. __________ Involuntary muscle contractions which move a bolus through the

gastrointestinal tract are called A. Mastication C. Peristalsis B. Defecation D. Chyme

38. __________ Hydrochloric acid is secreted in the

A. Esophagus C. Stomach B. Small intestine D. Large intestine

39. __________ Most nutrient absorption occurs in the __________.

A. Esophagus C. Stomach B. Small intestine D. Large intestine

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 8 of 8) 40. __________ What organ produces bile?

A. Liver C. Small intestine B. Pancreas D. Stomach

41. __________ The GI tube layer responsible for the actions of segmentation and peristalsis is

A. Serosa C. Mucosa B. Muscularis externa D. Submucosa

42. __________ Which alimentary canal tunic has the greatest abundance of lymph nodules? A. Mucosa C. Muscularis B. Serosa D. Submucosa

43. __________ Proteins secreted in saliva include

A. Mucin C. Amylase B. Lysozyme D. all of the above

44. __________ Smooth muscle is found in the A. Tongue C. pharynx B. Esophagus D. external sphincter

45. __________ Hepatocytes do NOT A. produce digestive enzymes B. process nutrients C. store iron and vitamins D. detoxify 46. __________ From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange the min order from the lumen. A. muscularis, serosa, mucosa, submucosa B. serosa, mucosa, submucosa, muscularis C. submucosa, serosa, muscularis, mucosa D. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa 47. __________ Chyme is created in the A. mouth C. stomach B. esophagus D. small intestine

Name: _______________________________ A&P Ch6 Practice Test Digestive System (p. 8 of 8) 48. __________ Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were

severely damaged? A. lipids C. proteins B. carbohydrates D. starches 49. __________ Pancreatic amylase does NOT get to the small intestine via the __________. A. accessory pancreatic duct C. cystic duct B. main pancreatic duct D. hepatopancreatic duct 50. __________ Tooth structure includes A. the dentin, which is the hardest substance in the body B. a root covered with enamel C. a thin periodontal ligament that holds the tooth in place D. pulp, an cartilage connective tissue that fills the tooth cavity 51. __________ You have just eaten French fried, buttered toast, ice cream, and whole milk.

Which of the following glands would be active in helping you to digest this food? A. the pancreas C. the buccal glands B. the thyroid glands D. the acini glands 52. __________ The ingestion of a meal high in fat content would cause which of the following

to occur? A. severe indigestion would occur, caused by the lack of sufficient digestive enzymes B. this type of food would cause secretion of gastrin to cease, causing digestive upset. C. bile would be released from the gallbladder to break down the fat in the duodenum D. the acid secretions from the stomach would be sufficient to digest this food.

A&P Ch16 Practice Test Answer Key

1. Hard Palate 2. Lobule 3. Peyer’s patches 4. Villi 5. Rugae 6. Pharynx 7. Esophagus 8. Ileocecal valve 9. Colon 10. Appendix 11. Stomach 12. Oral cavity 13. Duodenum of the small intestine 14. Anal canal

16. oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anal canal, anus 17. salivary glands (Parotid, submandibular, sublingual), pancreas, liver

18. Mucous cells (B) secrete muicus, which helps protect the gastric mucus Chief cells (D) secrete pepsinogen, an inactive form of the enzyme pepsin Parietal Cells (C) secrete hydrochloric acid, which activates pepsin

G cells (A) secrete gastrin when food enters the stomach

23. The pancreas provides enzymes that are needed to break down food into nutrients that can be absorbed through the intestinal wall. The liver provides bile, which is stored in the gall bladder and secreted through the cystic duct, hepatocystic duct and common duct into the small intestine. Bile is important for neutralizing the acidic pH of chyme leaving the stomach and also for breaking up fats into small, easily digested particles. 24. Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food into smaller particles. This is done by chewing and the action of muscles that encompass the parts of the digestive tract. Chemical digestion is the breakdown of nutrients into simpler particles that can be used to synthesize the things the body needs. Chemical digestion occurs when enzymes catalyze chemical reactions in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine. 25. 10 anal canal 1 duodenum 6 transverse colon 5 ascending colon 3 ileum 8 sigmoid colon 4 cecum 2 jejunum 11 anus 7 descending colon 9 rectum 26. Swallowing, or deglutition occurs in two major phases – the voluntary and involuntary. During the voluntary phase, the tongue is used to push the food into the throat, and the Soft palate rises to close off the nasal passageways. As food is moved involuntarily through the pharynx, the larynx rises to ensure that its passageway is covered by the epiglottis so that ingested substances do not enter respiratory passages. It is possible to swallow water while standing on your head because the water is carried along the esophagus involuntarily by the process of peristalsis. The pressure exerted by food on the esophageal valve causes it to open so that food can enter the stomach.

27. The liver is an important metabolic organ in the body. In its metabolic role, the liver uses amino acids from the nutrient rich hepatic portal blood to make many blood proteins. The liver also acts to maintain homeostatic blood glucose levels. It removes glucose from the blood when blood glucose levels are high, a condition called hyperglycemia, and stores it as glycogen. When blood glucose levels are low, a condition called hypoglycemia, liver cells break down the stored carbohydrate and release glucose to the blood once again. This latter process is termed glycolysis. In addition to its processing of amino acids and sugars, the liver plays important role in the processing of fats. Other functions of the liver include the detoxification of drugs and alcohol. 28. B. Digestive tract AND D. Alimentary canal 29. D. All of these are involved in digestion 30. D. submucosa 31. C. parotid glands 32. D. pharyngeal phase 33. C. pyloric 34. D. microvilli 35. A. peristaltic contraction 36. D. ileocecal junction 37. C. peristalsis 38. C. stomach 39. B. small intestine 40. A. liver 41. B. muscularis 42. A. mucosa 43. D. all of the above 44. D. esophagus 45. A. produce digestive enzymes 46. D. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa 47. C. stomach 48. A. lipids 49. C. cystic duct 50. C. a thin periodontal ligament that holds the tooth in place. 51. A. the pancreas 52. C. bile would be released from the gallbladder to break down the fat in the duodenum.

a&p ch16 practice test digestive...

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