MONTHLY REPORT ON DENGUE ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE A publication of the National Dengue Control Unit

Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka

National Dengue Control Unit-Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka Public Health Complex, 555/5, Elvitigala Mawatha, Narahenpita, Colombo 05.

Tel : +94(0)112368416 / 7 Fax: +94(0)11 2369893 Email: ndcu2010@yahoo.com

Web : http://www.dengue.health.gov.lk

Vol.02 Issue No 04 April 2015

Solid Waste Management and Prevention of

Dengue

Dengue is a major public health problem for past

several decades. It is a mosquito borne disease

and vector-mosquito Aedes prefer to breed in

clear water filled shallow containers in dark,

hidden, cool, peri-domestic environment.

According to the entomological surveys in year

2014 dengue mosquito breeding sites were as

follows and nearly half of the them were related

to solid waste (Figure01)

Figure 01:Entomology Survey Summary- 2014

Solid waste is any solid item which is unwanted,

with no productive use and require disposal. It is

generally known as non-liquid waste, rubbish or

garbage. The sources of solid waste are

households (domestic), commercial

establishments, industries and agricultural

activities. The solid waste that acts as breeding

sites are discarded items such as plastic

containers, tyres, coconut shells, polythene

covers, machinery parts, ceramic items etc.

One of the important strategies in prevention of

dengue is integrated vector management (IVM).

This includes source reduction i.e. removal of

mosquito breeding sites. Therefore, proper solid

waste management (SWM) has a major role in

source reduction and thereby prevention of

dengue.

The principles of SWM are directed at life cycle

approach that includes waste avoidance, waste

minimization, waste segregation, collection

/packaging, transportation, storage, treatment and

disposal (Figure 02).

Figure 02: Solid Waste Management- Hierarchy

The best approach is the avoidance of waste

production and failing which minimize it as much

as possible. Segregation of waste at the point of

generation into different categories is a key

feature of SWM. Implementation of usage of bins

with national colour code would be helpful in

making this exercise a standardised practice

throughout the country.

Ideally, wastes are collected in closed containers

and stored in ventilated rooms where scavenging

is prevented. Transportation is done in close

trucks. Treatment of waste includes composting/

making of bio gas e.g. bio degradable waste,

recycling e.g. glass, paper, plastic and polythene

etc. Waste disposal is done at a purposefully

selected land fill site only and it has to be

dumped, compacted and covered with soil.

If proper SWM is carried out from individual

level to level of local authorities it will have a

significant positive impact on prevention of

dengue as well as on prevention of many other

diseases of public health concern. In addition,

these processes would be helpful in generating an

additional income and contribute towards energy

requirement of the country.

Contents Page

1. Solid Waste Management and Prevention of Dengue 2. Island wide Entomological Surveillance Summary -2014 March

3. Entomological Forecast

1

2

2

Water

storage

containers

18%

Cement

tanks

6% Ponds

1%

Wells

1%

Concrete

slab

1% Natural

7% A/C

Refrigerat

ors

3% Ornament

als

2%

Discarded

receptacles

40%

Gutters

1%

Tyres

6%

Other

14%

Comments and contributions for publication in the MRDES Sri Lanka are welcome. Prior approval should be obtained from the NDCU before publishing data in this publication.

MRDES Sri Lanka - Vol.02 Issue No 04 April 2015

Table 1: Dengue Entomological Surveillance - 2015 March Summary

Pro

vin

ce

Dis

tric

t

No. of Premises Percentage Positivity by type of containers

Insp

ecte

d

Fo

un

d

po

siti

ve

%

Po

siti

ve

Dis

card

ed

rece

pta

cles

Wat

er s

tora

ge

con

tain

ers

Cem

ent

tan

ks

Co

ncr

ete

slab

Nat

ura

l

A/C

& R

P

& O

Wel

ls

Oth

ers

WP

Colombo 2,557 142 5.6% 44% 5% 1% 0% 6% 2% 7% 0% 35%

Colombo MC 537 49 9.1% 16% 22% 3% 0% 2% 6% 15% 0% 36%

Gampaha 1,436 126 8.8% 52% 7% 1% 0% 20% 0% 4% 0% 16%

Kalutara 2,181 168 7.7% 50% 5% 0% 0% 6% 1% 2% 0% 36%

NWP Kurunegala 954 28 2.9% 43% 27% 6% 0% 4% 4% 2% 0% 14%

Puttalam 175 15 8.6% 53% 0% 6% 0% 6% 0% 0% 12% 23%

UP Monaragala 1,454 81 5.6% 32% 35% 4% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 28%

Badulla 205 9 4.4% 37% 18% 9% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 36%

CP

Matale 641 33 5.1% 17% 25% 14% 0% 34% 2% 0% 0% 8%

NuwaraEliya 6 0 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Kandy 1,898 70 3.7% 22% 20% 18% 0% 0% 19% 1% 0% 20%

EP

Batticaloa 3,742 287 7.7% 18% 23% 0% 0% 4% 6% 1% 11% 37%

Kalmunai 2,001 108 5.4% 57% 11% 9% 0% 1% 0% 0% 6% 16%

Trincomalee 1,261 79 6.3% 21% 30% 7% 0% 1% 2% 2% 5% 32%

Ampara 552 45 8.2% 42% 23% 4% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 29%

NCP Anuradhapura 221 23 10.4% 50% 8% 0% 3% 3% 0% 3% 0% 33%

Polonnaruwa 338 31 9.2% 47% 6% 16% 0% 0% 9% 0% 0% 22%

SGP Kegalle 2,007 260 13.0% 48% 22% 4% 1% 6% 5% 2% 0% 12%

Rathnapura 2,384 159 6.7% 34% 21% 5% 0% 5% 6% 3% 0% 26%

SP

Galle 1,053 81 7.7% 47% 12% 8% 0% 0% 2% 14% 0% 17%

Matara 1,106 88 8.0% 48% 12% 1% 0% 5% 10% 4% 0% 20%

Hambantota 1,080 34 3.1% 18% 38% 21% 0% 4% 2% 5% 0% 12%

NP

Jaffna 600 28 4.7% 33% 22% 22% 0% 0% 0% 6% 0% 17%

Mannar 700 69 9.9% 1% 43% 45% 0% 0% 0% 3% 0% 8%

Killinochchi 520 47 9.0% 25% 3% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 72%

Vavuniya 1,284 65 5.1% 10% 44% 3% 0% 0% 3% 22% 0% 18%

Mullativu 500 41 8.2% 32% 23% 6% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 39%

Sri Lanka 31,393 2,166 6.90% 35% 19% 6% 0% 5% 3% 4% 2% 26%

Ad

dre

ss:

Director,

National Dengue Control Unit,

Public Health Complex,

555/5, Elvitigala Mawatha,

Colombo 05.

Address:

Key: This report is based on the weekly returns sent by Entomological Assistants (EAA) to N DCU. P & O- Ponds and Ornamentals; R

Refrigerators ; * No data ; Others- Tyres, Roof gutters and other miscellaneous places (eg. Tube wells, Earth pipes, Water meters, etc)

Entomological Forecast of High-Risk Areas RDHS MO(O)H

Gampaha Kelaniya,Negombo,Katana,Wattala

Kalutara Horana

Kegalle Mawanella, Galigamuwa

NB:

Entomological

surveillance data for the

month of March 2015

done by MRI

entomology teams has

not received