mobility & e-learning delivery methods

The International e-Learning Conference 2011 (IEC2011)

January 13, 2011 @ IMACT, Muang Thong, Nonthaburi, Thailand

V. Duangchinda, Y. H. Kim, and K. Mekhabunchakij

Mobility and e-Learning Delivery Methods: Perspectives from Higher Education of Thailand @ The International e-Learning Conference 2011 (IEC2011) - January 13, 2011

Duangchinda, Kim, and Mekhabunchakij (2011) 2 of 26 ISIS: Information Science Institute, Sripatum University, Bangkok, Thailand

Vorasuang Duangchinda (Michael) Information Science Institute, Sripatum University, Bangkok, Thailand; [email protected] Prof. YoungHwan Kim, Ph.D.

Department of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; [email protected] Kittima Mekhabunchakij, Ph.D.

Information Science Institute, Sripatum University, Bangkok, Thailand; [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]





1) Holistic Systemic Approach for the Sustainable Development and Inclusive Growth of APEC Future Education: Higher Education: Policy, ICT & Systemic Change - Mobility and e-Learning Delivery Methods: Through the Perspectives of Thailand Cyber University Project (TCU), The 6th APEC Future Education Forum & The 8th International ALCoB Conference, 2010, pp. 131-142.

2) Mobility and e-Learning Delivery Methods: Through the Perspectives of Thailand Cyber University Project (TCU), Asia-Pacific Cybereducation Journal, vol. 6., no. 1 (2010), pp. 30-49. Also available online at: http://acecjournal.org/2009/Journal_Data/Vol6No1/6-1-3.pdf

http://acecjournal.org/2009/Journal_Data/Vol6No1/6-1-3.pdf







Glossary| Thailand Cyber University (TCU) • Founded in 2005 by Office of The Higher Education

Commission, Ministry of Education, Thailand to be the central body of cooperative activities among universities to promote and support online distance education (e-Learning) in Thailand.

• Honorable Mentions for the 2009 UNESCO King Hamad Bin Isa Al-Khalifa Prize for the Use of ICTs in Education as over 13,000 education professionals from 76 institutes have been trained.



Glossary| Mobility

• Ability to access and participate in teaching and learning content while moving via wireless network.

• Mobility in this research focuses on practical use of portable devices such as mobile phones (including smartphones), PDAs, and Portable media players such as MP3 and Mp4 players (including iPAD), while larger devices such as laptops or notebooks or tablet pcs are excluded for the Operational Definition of Mobility for this research.



Glossary| Integrative Delivery Method (IDM)

• One of four Program Delivery Methods in Extension Education. IDM gives opportunities for learners to discuss, clarify, or to gain better understanding of the study content, and therefore effective learning can take place.

• IDM consists of a set of 22 Delivery Modes.

Program Delivery Methods in Extension Education - Integrative Methods Delivery Modes

1. Conference

Meetings of small or large group

of people within same interest

for formal presentations to the

entire group.

7. Symposium

Assembly that small number of

experts making short presentation

to audiences.

13. Brainstorming

A turn-based discussion.

19. Computer network

Linkage of 3 or more computers

connected for members to share

ideas or exchange information.

2. Convention

Assembly of a large number of

people with similar interests,

which may be more than one

group at a time.

8. Colloquy

Gathering of experts to discuss in

front of audiences who may ask

questions until the issue is

resolved.

14. Audience reaction team

A group of 3 selected members to respond

to specific information.

20. Satellite conferencing

Teleconferencing via cable or

satellite.

3. Seminar

Meetings of group with specific

subject led by a recognized body.

9. Dialogue

Discussion of 2 persons in front

of audiences.

15. Listening team

A pre-presentation process where a few

audiences are invited to preview the

presentation and suggest how the

presentation should be.

21. Personal visit

Face to face exchange of

information at least 2 persons

usually at the location of persons

receiving the information.

4. Panel

Discussions within small group

of knowledgeable members of

exchange of ideas without

formal presentation.

10. Institute

Series of in-depth presentation

for those who share common

interest.

16. Interview

Face to face meeting for exchanging facts.

22. Office visit

Face to face exchange of

information at least 2 persons

usually at the location of persons

providing the information.

5. Forum

Group discussion that allows

members to participate during a

period of time.

11. Buzz group

Discussion between 5-8 persons

for topic raised by larger group

assembly.

17. Teleconference

3 or more persons at different locations

engaged in audio or video discussion

through electronic means.

modified from

Richardson, Jenkins,

& Crickenberger, 1994

6. Meeting

Group of people meet together

for common purpose.

12. Discussion group

Informal gathering for discussing

a topic of mutual concern.

18. Telephone conversation

Voice Communication between two

people who are at different places through

electronic means.

8 of 26



Motivation

• There are many ways of delivering e-Learning content. Impact of applying Mobility into the 22 modes of IDM based on a group of lecturers around Thailand at Higher Education level should be considered.



Endorsement and Survey Support| TCU

• This study receives permission from TCU to survey their members who are lecturers at Higher Education level throughout Thailand.

• A web-based questionnaire was sent by TCU to all registered members at Higher Education level, and to the nine TCU regional hub Universities around the country; to capture expert’s choices and opinions in relation to the IDM and application of Mobility.



The Survey| 4 Parts

1. Demographic and general information.

2. Experience on each of the 22 IDM modes and believe in application of Mobility in each mode.

3. Confirmation of findings in previous study.

4. Confirmation of definition of the 22 IDM modes as influenced by Social Media.



• Part 1: 118 Participants

58, 49% 60, 51%

Survey Responders: By Gender

Male FemaleQuestion

Part 1

29, 25% 73, 62%

16, 13%

Survey Responders: Level of Education

Bachelor Degree

Masters' Degree

Doctorate

20 14

20 23

7 6 8 5 3 3 2

7

43

9

16 12

5

15 4 3 3 2 2 4

0

10

20

30

40

50

< 1

Ye

ar

1 Y

ear

2 Y

ear

3 Y

ear

4 Y

ear

5 Y

ear

6 Y

ear

7 Y

ear

8 Y

ear

9 Y

ear

10

Yea

r

> 1

0 Y

ear

Survey Responders: Years of experience in e-Learning

As Educator As Learner

0

1

18

22

30

15

12

15

3

2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

< 20yr

20yr - 25yr

26yr - 30yr

31yr - 35yr

36yr - 40yr

41yr - 45yr

46yr - 50yr

51yr - 55yr

56yr - 60yr

> 60yr

Survey Responders: Age Groups 13 of 26 Question Part 1

19. Computer…

5. Forum

12. Discussion Group

6. Meeting

13. Brainstorming

3. Seminar

1. Conference

16. Interview

9. Dialogue

21. Personal visit

11. Buzz group

2. Convention

4. Panel

15. Listening team

10. Institute

18. Telephone…

22. Office visit

7. Symposium

17. Teleconferencing

14. Audience…

20. Satellite…

8. Colloquy

How Many Responders Have Used Each Mode of IDM

in e-Learning?*

6. Meeting


3. Seminar


13. Brainstorming

5. Forum

1. Conference

16. Interview

21. Personal visit

4. Panel

22. Office visit

2. Convention

11. Buzz group

18. Telephone…

7. Symposium

9. Dialogue

15. Listening team

10. Institute


14. Audience reaction…

20. Satellite…

8. Colloquy

How Many Responders Have Used Each Mode of IDM

in Traditional Education?*

* Display in Percentage 14 of 26 Question Part 2

IDM Modes

% of Responders and their Experience

Traditional Education e-Learning

Have Used Haven't Use Have Used Haven't Use

1. Conference 52.54 47.46 38.14 61.86

2. Convention 39.83 60.17 24.58 75.42

3. Seminar 69.49 30.51 38.98 61.02

4. Panel 42.37 57.63 23.73 76.27

5. Forum 53.39 46.61 56.78 43.22

6. Meeting 72.88 27.12 51.69 48.31

7. Symposium 36.44 63.56 18.64 81.36

8. Colloquy 18.64 81.36 7.63 92.37

9. Dialogue 35.59 64.41 26.27 73.73

10. Institute 28.81 71.19 20.34 79.66

11. Buzz group 39.83 60.17 25.42 74.58

12. Discussion Group 68.64 31.36 56.78 43.22

13. Brainstorming 68.64 31.36 48.31 51.69

14. Audience reaction team 21.19 78.81 13.56 86.44

15. Listening team 33.90 66.10 22.88 77.12

16. Interview 48.31 51.69 31.36 68.64

17. Teleconferencing 25.42 74.58 16.10 83.90

18. Telephone conversation 37.29 62.71 19.49 80.51

19. Computer network 72.03 27.97 60.17 39.83

20. Satellite conferencing 19.49 80.51 11.86 88.14

21. Personal visit 46.61 53.39 26.27 73.73

22. Office visit 41.53 58.47 19.49 80.51

Question Part 2



IDM Modes that responders have used most

Traditional Education e-Learning

Gap % have used

Rank % have

used Rank

1. Conference 52.54 6 38.14 6 14.4

3. Seminar 69.49 3 38.98 5 30.51

5. Forum 53.39 5 56.78 2*tie -3.39

6. Meeting 72.88 1 51.69 3 21.19

12. Discussion Group 68.64 4*tie 56.78 2*tie 11.86

13. Brainstorming 68.64 4*tie 48.31 4 20.33

19. Computer network 72.03 2 60.17 1 11.86

Responders’ Experience with the Modes of IDM

Question Part 2



Top 5 Primary IDM Modes

that the e-Pro Teachers

have used

% of the e-Pro teachers who have used the

mode

% from 118 responders in this study

Gap

Discussion group

100 56.78 43.22

Brainstorming 86 48.31 37.69

Seminar 64 38.98 25.02

Telephone conversation

64 19.49 44.51

Conference 57 38.4 18.6

Top 5 Primary IDM Modes

that the 118 responders

have used

% of the 118 responders

who have used the mode

% from e-Pro

teachers

Gap

Computer network

60.17 36 24.17

Forum 56.78 43 13.78

Discussion Group

56.78 100 -43.22

Meeting 51.69 43 8.69

Brainstorming 48.31 86 -37.69

Comparison of the Five Modes of IDM that have been primarily used

Question Part 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1. Conference

2. Convention

3. Seminar

4. Panel

5. Forum

6. Meeting

7. Symposium

8. Colloquy

9. Dialogue

10. Institute

11. Buzz group


13. Brainstorming

14. Audience reaction team

15. Listening team

16. Interview


18. Telephone conversation



21. Personal visit

22. Office visit

How Significance will the Application of Mobility improve Educational Opportunities in e-Learning?

High Significance Significance Average Some Significance Low Significance 18 of 26

Question Part 2

-2

18

38

58

78

98

118


6. Meeting


13. Brainstorming

5. Forum


How Significance will the Application of Mobility Improve Educational Opportunities in e-Learning?:

Five Most Significance IDM - High Significance VS. Average

Significance Average

Computer Network 67-9 = 58

Meeting 42-18 = 24

Teleconferencing 42-20 = 22

Brainstorming 41-17 = 24

Forum 40-28 = 12

Satellite Conferencing 40-23 = 17

GAP

19 of 26

Question Part 2

48

26

23 22

14

35 36

25 24

16 16

26

37

23

17

9

18

26 27

23

10 12

7

22

48

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Discussion Group Forum Brain Storming Conference Buzz Group

Delivery Modes in order of significance for improving Educational Opportunities in e-Learning

1st Rank 2nd Rank 3rd Rank 4th Rank 5th Rank Linear (1st Rank)

20 of 26

Question Part 3

22 Modes of IDM

Percentage of Approval for Current Definition of each Mode of IDM

(Highest to Lowest) 5. Forum 97.46

8. Colloquy 97.46

15. Listening team 97.46

10. Institute 96.61

11. Buzz group 96.61

21. Personal visit 96.61

22. Office visit 96.61

4. Panel 95.76

9. Dialogue 95.76

13. Brainstorming 95.76

14. Audience reaction team 95.76

17. Teleconferencing 95.76

19. Computer network 95.76

20. Satellite conferencing 95.76

12. Discussion Group 94.92

1. Conference 94.07

16. Interview 94.07

18. Telephone conversation 94.07

2. Convention 93.22

6. Meeting 93.22

7. Symposium 93.22

3. Seminar 91.53 21 of 26

Question Part 4



Correlations| Pearson Chi-Square (significance level of a = .05)

1. Gender is significantly associated with application of Mobility to IDM.

2. Age is significantly associated with application of Mobility to IDM.

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

60.622(a) 42 0.031


415.255(a) 336 .002

97%

98%




3. Age is significantly associated with Approval of Current Definition of IDM.

4. Experience in e-Learning as a Learner is significantly associated with Approval of Current Definition of IDM.


95.323(a) 72 .034


164.073(a) 99 .000

97%

100%




5. Experience in e-Learning as an Educator is significantly associated with Approval of Current Definition of IDM.


195.084(a) 99 .000

100%



1. Most of the lecturers believe in the benefits of integration of Mobility into the delivery method.

2. Gender, Age, and Experience of the lecturers strongly determine the application of the IDM in e-Learning.

3. Approval of current definitions for all 22 modes in IDM when taking Social Media into account.

4. The result is not of the same order as in previous studies.

mobility & e-learning delivery methods

Documents

thailand mobility

higher education of

elearning delivery methods

sripatum university

learning content

mekhabunchakij mobility

department of education

ministry of education