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mind myths: exploring popular assumptions about the mind and the brain

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This book is rich in ideas, and arguments from evidence to conclusions are generally cogent. However, the complexity of the environments studied, often motivated by a Brunswikian concern for representative design, contributes in some cases to unresolved vagueness in the statement of theory and ®ndings. A longer-term view, however, might be that the goals of representative design cannot be met until the relevant features of ecology are ®rst discovered, a task these researchers are attempting. But one thing is clear: by stepping beyond the rigid strictures of a context-free, idealized rationality, this book sheds light on behavioural situations where no social scientist nor decision theorist has yet displayed either the insight or the courage to specify normative conduct. Work like this contributes to the naturalization of J/DM theory, making it ever more continuous with the rest of cognitive psychology. ALEX KIRLIK Georgia Institute of Technology DOI: 10.1002/acp.735 A vigorous attack an pseudoscience MIND MYTHS: EXPLORING POPULAR ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT THE MIND AND THE BRAIN. Sergio Della Sala Ed.) John Wiley, Chichester, 1999. No. of pages 291. ISBN 0-471- 98303-9. Price £19.99 paperback). Reading Della Sala's edited collection has forced me into thinking about science writing for the ®rst time in many years. I'm either inspired or discouraged by the conclusions I came to while reading the chapters: inspired when the evidence for how well many scientists write is before my eyes; discouraged when I feel the overwhelming appeal to `common sense' that camou¯ages so much of the `anti-science' competition. A central theme running through Mind Myths is a vigorous and at times vitriolic) attack on pseudoscience ± a loosely de®ned collection of claims and remedies, dressed up in such a fashion to appear scienti®cally credible designed to wile the layperson out of his or her hard-earned money. These so-called treatments dress themselves up as legitimate through clever use of jargon as well as appeals to common sense `that sounds like that might work'). Chapters in the book attach psychic trand the `after-death' experience, false memory syndrome, and even that oh-so popular notion that we only use 10% of our brains'. In fact, that particular chapter by Berrystein) was my favourite, of many that were extremely good. Berrystein traces the origins of this myth, as well as something even more interesting: linking it to the various commercial enterprises which have appeared throughout the century to tap that dormant 90%. He notes `The concept of a trusty `cerebral spare tyre' continues to nourish the clientele of `pop psychologists' and their many recycling self-improvement schemes. As a metaphor for the fact that few of us fully exploit our talents, who could deny it? As a spur to hope and a source of solace, it's probably done more good than harm, but comfort afforded is not truth implied' p. 23). The three chapters of a section entitled `Myths about memory and creative thinking' will be of particular interest for the readership of this journal. False memory syndrome is tackled in a chapter by Garry, Frame and Loftus. Although this chapter is perhaps a bit too scholarly for a generalist collection) in several places sections of it are very interesting and even a little bit controversial. I'm not sure how some social workers or feminists will react to the views expressed on childhood sexual abuse. The authors position on `recovered' childhood memories is plainly outlined in their introductory remarks: `Today many families stand accused of perpetrating the most borri®c, sustained sexual abuse on their children, who in turn repressed memories of the events, only to recover them years later. Recently we have learned all we need to create seemingly authentic experiences is a little imagination' p. 114). Other not-so-accurate ideas about memory are taken apart in a chapter by Logie and Della Sala. This chapter begins quite strongly and covers issues such as sleep learning and how rote repetition of stimulation does not necessarily lead to better recall. The later sections include some interesting neuropsychology covering issues like blindsight and hemispatial neglect, but these could have been linked to the rest of the chapter more strongly. Speaking of neglect, I could accuse the second author Book reviews 347 Copyright # 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Appl. Cognit. Psychol. 15: 343±351 2001)

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Page 1: Mind myths: exploring popular assumptions about the mind and the brain

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