mic stove final presentation

7/31/2019 MIC Stove Final Presentation

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JIANG Sicong (21048741) Christopher Obi (20050928) LI Dezheng (21045675) Wilkey Michael (20052070)

SHI Lei (19047718)

MIC-StoveTime to cook.


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Introduction

PDS

Design and working principle

Materials Selection

Manufacture

Business Plan & Costing

Business objective

Competition

Price and costing Financial Projections

Prototype

Conclusion

References



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Introduction Half the World Still Uses Solid Fuels for Home Cooking and Heating

Indoor smoke from cook stoves leads to 1.5 million premature deathseach year.

Continued demand by governments and non-governmentalorganization for efficient cook stove design and distribution.

Available improved stoves are too expensive for rural dwellers indeveloping countries.

Reference:

Jacob Moss (2007) Senate Briefing on Cookstoves and Black Carbon

http://cleancookstoves.org/resources/publications-and-reports/



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Product Design Specification (PDS)Specification.

Made out of recycle able material.

List price should be less than20

Easy to assemble.

Eco- friendly.

Fuelled by chopped wood

Performance and Dimension:

Should be efficient.

Weigh less than 2 kg



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PDS (continued)Sustainability:

Utilise one material for all component parts.

Ash gauze should be easily replaceable within minutes.100% of raw materials used should be sourced from

manufacturing location.

98% of material re-cycled.



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PDS (continued)MIC-Stove technical design specification

Author: Group C

Date: 21/3/12

No. D/W Design requirement Implications and comments

1

D

W

Function

Cook food

heat space

2

W

D

Performance and dimensions

Efficiency60 %

Mass2 kg

ease of deployment

3

D

D

W

D

W

Operation

can be operated by one person

Maintenance interval remove ash after usage

Increased interval for ash removal

Fuelchopped wood

Increase type of bio-fuels used

easy to operate

ability to empty ash without cleaning stove

most user dont always clean stove after use

4

D

D

D

D

Manufacturing

Quantity to be made 1 (one)

Targeted manufacturing costless than 20

Testing to test efficiency and emission

Packagingvery easy to assembly

enable design evaluation

assemble at point of use

5

D

Environment

Emissionsefficient combustion

6

D

D

D

D

D

Sustainability

Materials - one material for all parts

MaintenanceAsh gauze easily replaceable within

minutes

Distribution100% of part materials sourced and

fabricated within Sheffield.

Disposal95% of material re-cycled

ease of recycling

part that might likely damage

The technical specification looksat both the products technicalrequirement and its sustainabilityrequirement and it considers both

Wished (W) and Demanded (D)requirements.

Demanded (D)To efficiently cook food.

Wished (W)To heat up space during coolweather.


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Design Intent;

to efficiently convert energy stored in wood to heat energy

minimise emission of CO and many combustible Hydrocarbons

Working principle;

21 MJ/kg 0.65(21) MJ/kg

convert

organic gases

primary air

secondary air

Main air inlet

Design and working principle



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Design calculations

Assumptions Calculations

Required air supply for efficientcombustion. Jet penetration for airflow

Actual Air/ Fuel ratio = 5.44 kg/ kg of air [1]

Equivalence ratio in combustion chamber () = 2

Wood mass loss rate per unit area (m")= 9.8 gm-2s-1 [2]

Wood Burning Area (Aw) = 14 x chamber area

Reference:

[1] CURKEET, Rick (2011). Wood Combustion Basics. [online]. Last accessed 22 April 2012 at: http://www.epa.gov/burnwise/workshop2011/WoodCombustion-Curkeet.pdf[2] TRAN, Hao C. and WHITE, Robert H. (1992). Burning Rate of Solid Wood Measured in a Heat release rate calorimeter. [online]. Fire and Materials, 16, 197-206. last accessed 22

April 2012 at: http://128.104.77.228/documnts/pdf1992/tran92b.pdf[3] Chris Morleys Gaseq Chemical Equilibrium program

Design and working principle (continued)



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Calculations Wood burning rate (m) = Awx m

= 4.53x10-3 kgs-1

Required air supply rate = m x A/F ratio= 0.025 kgs-1 of air

Volumetric air supply rate = m/ air= 0.02 m3s-1

Air inlet area (Aair)Vair= 23.6 Aair

Aair

= 0.006 m2

.

Aair

Fig 1: Area of main air Inlet

since equivalence ratio () = 2

Aair primary + Aair secondary= 0.5 Aair

Fig 2: Area of main air Inlet

Design and working principle (continued)


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Material selection

Granta CES software was used to select an optimalmaterial for the MIC-Stove.

Selection criteria: low carbon footprint Cheap Easy to machine

Mild steel was selected for the stove designMild steel is a carbon steel typically with a maximum of 0.25%

Carbon and 0.4%-0.7% manganese, 0.1%-0.5% Silicon andsome + traces of other elements such as phosphorous, it mayalso contain lead (free cutting mild steel) or sculpture (againfree cutting steel called re-sulphurised mild steel)



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Manufacture

Machine selection criteria The cutting area of the machine should be large enough to cut stove parts.

The cutting speed should be high enough to meet the expected production rate per day.

Should cut evenly and cut narrow gaps with low distortion and very little deformation.

YM-1212 multifunction digital laser cutting machine was selected, and would

be used in the fabrication of the MIC-Stove . It is a computer numerical control (CNC) machine that emits a high powered laser beam

to cut metal.

Has a power rating of 1000 - 4000 W

The size of its cutting area is 2440 x 1220mm.


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Manufacturing process

The manufacturing process of the MIC-Stove is simplified into four steps:

First step: preliminary cutting Second step: detail drilling

Last step: polish and assemblingThird step: Cutting


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Marketing Primary market

Government procurement

Aid organizations

Secondary market

Backcountry travelers Rural dwellers

4 P of marketing: Price, Product, Place and Promotion

our product is relatively cheap and unique

Three directions of focus, cost and differentiation

Designed after a detailed questionnaire survey and marketing research.

A kind of wood fuel stove, but different to existing products, it must be more metcustomer requirements.


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Business plan and costing

Business Objective:

Short Term Objectives: To introduce Product in summer 2012 and find established

business partners.

Medium Term Objectives: To start up business and break-even within two years

Long Term Objectives: To control 30% of cooking stoves market within 2 years of

introduction


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Business plan and costing(continued)

Emberlit twig burning campstove

Price : 22.4

Strength:Small and Portable

Easy to collect the fuel (can use twigsor debris laying around).Weakness:

Not eco-friendlyNot innovative,Too expensive for rural dwellers

BioLite StovePrice: 67Strength:

CleanSafeEfficientGenerating electricity to chare phones

Weakness:Expensive

MSR WhisperliteInternationale MultiFuelStovePrice:

47.49 for the burner11.49 for one 0.5 Litre fuel bottle

Strength:

More effective than wood fuel.cleanWell-known brandHas brand loyalty

Weakness:ExpensiveAdditional in buying fuel bottle

Competition

Emberlit stoveBioLite Stove


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Cost of mild steel per ton is estimated at $743.43 (460.33) as of 14th April 2012

460.33/1000 = 0.46033 Pound/kg

0.46033 * 31.40 = 14.45 Pound/ m2

One MIC-Stove needs 0.5 m2 of mild steel material:

materials cost for a stove = 8.00

Material cost:

Pricing and Costing


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Labour Cost: average hourly earnings in China : 3.50

Number of Staff: 3 persons

Number of stoves produced per hour = 4

labour cost per stove = 2.625

Overhead = 25% of labour costs

Labour & Overhead costs = 3.30

Total manufacturing cost = 11.30

To make a 50% profit Margin

List Price = 16.95


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Financial projection

Total Investment = 80,000

Machines purchase cost: Guillotine = 8,000 CNC YM-1212 Multifunction digital laser cutting machine = 45,300

313 working days in one year, and each day for 8 hours. Each hour there are 4 stoves be produced.

Projected sales = 169,771 (10,016 Stoves) per year

Labour & overhead cost 32,865( 3 employee working for 313 working days per year, and 8 hours per day)

Materials 80,128

Total manufacturing cost : 113,185

Gross Profit = 56,586


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Financial analysis Both labour and materials are expected to rise by 3% per year for the foreseeable future.

No ongoing costs are incurred other then direct costs.

Market predicted increase per year: 4.7%

Assume: discount factor is 5%

If the initial investment is 80,000

year Number of

stoves sold

Labour

cost/unit,

Overhead

cost/unit,

Materials

cost /unit,

Labour cost,

Materials

cost,

Overhead

cost,

Total

production

cost,

2012 10,016 2.625 0.675 8 26,292 80,128 6761 113,185

2013 10,487 2.7 0.695 8.24 28,315 86,412.9 7288.5 122,016.4

50% year Number ofunits sold

Totalproduction

cost,

ROI profit, Each unitprice,

Total

revenue, Discountfactor, 5%

Profit present

value, Discounted

cash flow,

0 80,000 1.000 80,000

2012 10,016 113,185 20% 56,586 16.95 169,771 0.952 53,869.8 26,130.2

2013 28269 122,016.4 20% 61,008.2 17.45 183,024.6 0.907 55,334,4 -29,204.2


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Prototype

Front ViewRear View


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Conclusion

The MIC-Stove is designed to be cheap, easy to use,portable, and eco-friendly.

Use of Mild steel and selection of China as manufacturing

location enabled its price (16.95)to be about three timescheaper than major competitors.

Based on projected financial analysis, the payback periodfor the MIC Stove business will be 2 years.

Future designs of MIC-Stove will incorporate thermal electricity converter.


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Reference: ASHPITE, Sue, NEWTON, David and DULKEN , Stephen Van (2002). Introduction to patentsinformation. London, British Library.

BHADESHIA, H.K.D.H. (2006). Steels: microstructure and properties. 3rd ed., Amsterdam,Butterworth-Heinemann.

CIAMBRONE, David F. (1997). Environmental life cycle analysis. Boca Raton, Lewis Publishers.

CRAWFORD, C. Merle (2003).New products management. Boston; London, McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

[online]. Last accessed 02 May 2012 at: HYPERLINK "www.ymlaser.com" www.ymlaser.com

KELMAN, Ilan (2011). Disaster Diplomarcy: How Disasters Affect Peace and Conflict. Taylor&Francis.

MURTHY, D. N. P. (2008). Prodcut reliability: specification and performance. London, Springer.

SMITH, G T. (1993). CNC machining technology. Springer-Verlag.
http://www.ymlaser.com/http://www.ymlaser.com/


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mic stove final presentation

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