mbcx projects – programs, process, and results soda, tan, shields and wurster
DESCRIPTION
MBCx Projects – Programs, Process, and Results Soda, Tan, Shields and Wurster. David Jump, Ph.D., P.E., Matt Denny, P.E. Quantum Energy Services & Technologies, Inc. Arch 249X: The Secret Life of Buildings, Oct. 2008. Overview. This presentation will discuss: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MBCx Projects – Programs, Process, and Results Soda, Tan, Shields and Wurster
David Jump, Ph.D., P.E., Matt Denny, P.E.Quantum Energy Services & Technologies, Inc.
Arch 249X: The Secret Life of Buildings, Oct. 2008
2
Overview
This presentation will discuss:
Process and Benefits of Monitoring-Based Commissioning
• Differences with RCx
Integration of M&V in RCx
Results from 3 Buildings
Progress on Wurster
Discussion
3
Monitoring-Based Commissioning (MBCx)
• Third-Party Energy Efficiency Partnership Program
Funded by public goods charges under auspices of CPUC
Available to University of California and California State University Campuses
• One of multiple RCx programs in California:
PG&E Core RCx Program
PG&E RCx Services and Incentives Program
SCE RCx Program
SCE/LA County RCx Partnership (LA County buildings only)
San Diego RCx Program
4
MBCx Project Scope
• Planning Phase Develop M&V Plan (IPMVP or ASHRAE 14) Add energy metering
• electric interval, gas pulse, steam, etc.• systems level (e.g. chillers, AHU, etc.)
• Planning Phase
Initial site visit
Review documentation
Identify project requirements
Provide commissioning plan
• Investigation Phase
Inventory equipment
Calibrate sensors, conduct PM activities
Develop and carry out functional tests
Identify operational deficiencies
Document costs and benefits to correct deficiencies
• Implementation Phase
Install and commission measures
Document improved performance
• Hand-off Phase
Provide final report
Provide training
• Investigation Phase Begin monitoring
• Energy• Independent variables (OAT, etc.)
Develop Baseline energy model
• Implementation Phase Collect post-installation data Develop post-installation model Determine Savings
• Hand-off Phase Establish energy tracking system Provide periodic savings reports Address deficient performance
RCx Process Additional MBCx Elements
5
Approach
VSD
VSD
kWh Meter
Gas Meter
Hot Water PlantChilled Water Plant
Air Handling Unit
DHW
MCC
L
P
L
L
L
P
P
P
Lighting and Plug Load
Men Women
• Option C - Whole Building
• Option B: Retrofit Isolation (HVAC Systems)
• Select measurement boundary
6
Approach
• Defining Systems - by ‘Services’ provided
Chilled water system:
• Chiller, CHW pumps, etc.
Air handling system:
• Supply fan, return fan, exhaust fan
Hot water system:
• Boiler, HW pumpsVSD
VSD CHW
Boiler
VSD
Chiller
Cooling Tower
CW Pump
PCHWPump
SCHWPumps
7
Three Case Studies
• UC Berkeley
Soda Hall – Computer Science Building, 109,000 ft2
Tan Hall – Chemistry Building (100% OA), 106,000 ft2
• UC Davis
Shields Library – main undergraduate library, 400,070 ft2
8
Soda Hall• UC Berkeley’s Computer Science Department (24/7 operation)
• 109,000 ft2
• Central Plant (2 - 215 ton chillers & associated equipment)
• Steam to hot water heating
• 3 Main VAV AHUs,
AHU1 serves building core,
AHUs 3 and 4 serve the perimeter, with hot water reheat
9
Soda Hall RCx Findings
SystemMeasure
No.Description
Implementation Date
Energy, kWh/yr
Energy, lbs/yr
Dollars, $/yr
Cost, $Payback,
yr
AHU1-2
Resume supply air temperature reset control and return economizer to normal operation
10/25/2006 129,800 266,250 $19,004 $1,550 0.1
AHU1-3 Repair/replace VFDs in return fans 10/25/2006 34,308 $4,460 $7,000 1.6
AHU1-4
Reduce high minimum VAV box damper position
3/9/2006 46,300 119,300 $6,973 $15,250 2.2
AHU3-2 & AHU4-2
Option 2: Reduce high minimum VAV box damper position
3/9/2006 30,600 2,328,100 $22,603 $17,250 0.8
AHU3-3 & AHU4-3
Re-establish scheduled fan operation and VAV AHU-3 (includes repair/replace VFD on return fan EF-17), AHU-4 (includes repair/replace VFDs on supply SF-18 and return EF-19 fans, and elimination of low VFD speed setting during the day)
10/25/2006 242,000 $31,460 $14,000 0.4
Total 483,008 2,713,650 $84,500 $55,050 0.7
Percentage Savings
10% 51% 14%
Utility Data Steam 5,325,717 lbs
Electricity 4,871,678 kWhr
Cost $621,575
Savings
AH
U-1
AH
Us 3 &
4
10
M&V Approach for Soda Hall
• Assessment:
Whole-building electric and steam meters present
EMS that trends all points at 1 min (COV) intervals
8-month history of data
RCx measures in AHU and Chilled Water Systems
• Electric and steam savings
Very high EUI – unsure if can discern savings at whole building level
• M&V Approach:
Option B – applied at systems level (electric only)
Option C – whole building level (electric and steam)
11
Soda Hall Affected SystemsSystem Equipment Affected
by ECM?Available Points
XMain Electric Meters (2) kWMain Steam Meters (2) lb
XChillers 1 and 2 kWPrimary Chilled Water Pumps P-5, P-6 StatusSecondary Chilled Water Pumps, P-3, P-4 VFD speed
XCooling Towers High/Low StatusCondenser Water Pumps P-7, P-8 Status
XAHU-1, SF-11, EF-12, EF-13 VFD speedAHU-2, SF-14, EF-15 StatusAHU-3, SF-16, SF-17 VFD speedAHU-4, SF-18, SF-19 VFD speedAHU-5, SF-20 Status
Chiller Room 181, SF-2, EF-2 StatusChiller Room 179, SF-3A, SF-3B, EF-1A, EF-1B Status
AC UnitsCondenser Water Pumps P-9, P-10 VFD speedAC-31 through AC-41 Status
XHot Water Pumps P-1, P-2 VFD Speed
Hot Water System
Whole Building
Condenser Water System
Chilled Water System
Air Distribution System
Chiller Room Fans
12
Define the Baseline Period & Collect Data• 8 months of trended data collected
• Baseline period selected to cover widest range of operating conditions ~ 3 months.
• Energy use for each system to be totaled each day
Basis for analysis and reporting
• “Proxy” Variables on EMCS:
Constant load equipment: measure operating kW
• Equipment status becomes proxy for kW
Variable load equipment: log kW and VFD speed
• VFD speed signal becomes proxy for kW
13
“Proxy” Variable: VFD speed for kW
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
AHU-1 Fan Speed %
AH
U-1
Fan
kW
Actual Cubic polynomial
14
Baseline Model: Soda Hall• Total Building Electric Building Steam
• Peak Period Electric HVAC System Electric
15
Soda Hall M&V: HVAC Systems
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
2/9/
2006
2/11
/200
6
2/13
/200
6
2/15
/200
6
2/17
/200
6
2/19
/200
6
2/21
/200
6
2/23
/200
6
2/25
/200
6
2/27
/200
6
3/1/
2006
3/3/
2006
3/5/
2006
3/7/
2006
10/3
1/20
06
11/2
/200
6
11/4
/200
6
11/6
/200
6
11/8
/200
6
11/1
0/20
06
11/1
2/20
06
11/1
4/20
06
11/1
6/20
06
11/1
8/20
06
11/2
0/20
06
11/2
2/20
06
11/2
4/20
06
11/2
6/20
06
11/2
8/20
06
Date
Dai
ly k
Wh
Use
HVAC Daily kWh Usage Baseline Post-Install Model
Date Break
Baseline Model:kWh = 79.9*OAT + 1129RMSE = 136 kWh
Baseline Period Post-Installation Period
Post-Install Model:kWh = 44.1*OAT - 336RMSE = 213 kWh
16
Soda Hall: Estimated vs. Verified Savings
Whole Building HVAC System
kWh 483,008 216,716 462,472kW - 22 50
Lbs. Steam 2,713,650 854,407* based on eQUEST model
** based on baseline and post-installation measurements and TMY OAT data
Verified Savings**Source
Estimated Savings*
17
Tan Hall• UC Berkeley’s Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Departments
• 106,000 ft2
• Central Plant (475 ton chiller & associated equipment)
• Steam heating
• 1 Main 100% outside air VAV AHU 4 100-HP Supply Fans 4 60-HP Exhaust Fans
18
Tan Hall RCx Findings
SystemMeasure
No.Description
Energy, kWh/yr
Energy, lbs/yrPeak
Demand, kW
Dollars, $/yr Cost, $Payback
, yr
CHW-1 & CW-1
Eliminate simultaneous chilled water pump and condenser water pump operation 68,849 - 33.3 $9,639 $2,900 0.3
CH-5 Chiller outside air lockout temperature set point not operating361,184 - 0.5 $29,046 $0 -
CH-6
Chiller outside air lockout temperature and Sat set point change 119,767 - 8.3 $16,767 $0 -
AHU3-4 Eliminate simultaneous heating and cooling 103,775 10,543,991 48.8 $98,880
Total 653,575 10,543,991 90.8 $154,332 $2,900 0.0
Percentage Savings 14% 62% 19%
Utility Data
Gas 17,139,542 lbs
Electricity 4,720,647 kWhr
$798,007
Savings
Chilled Water
AHU-3
19
M&V Approach for Tan Hall
• Assessment:
Whole-building electric and steam meters present
EMS that trends all points at 1 min (COV) intervals
8-month history of data
RCx measures in Chilled Water System and main AHU
• Electric and steam savings
• M&V Approach:
Option B – applied at systems level (electric only)
Option C – whole building level (electric and steam)
20
Tan Hall Affected SystemsSystem Equipment
Affected by ECM?
Available Points
XMain 480/277 Electric Meter kWMain 220/110 Electric Meter kWMain Steam Meter lbs/hr
XChiller (VS) kWPrimary Chilled Water Pumps CHWP-1, CHWP-2 (CS) Status
XCondenser Water Pumps CDWP-1, CDWP-2 (CS) StatusCooling Tower (CS, 2-speed) Not Avail.
AHU-3 XAHU-3 Supply Fans SF-1, SF-2, SF-3, SF-4 (CS) S/S & SpeedAHU-3 Exhaust Fans EF-1, EF-2, EF-3, EF-4 (CS) S/S & SpeedTerminal Boxes and Fume Hoods associated with AHU-3 NA
AHU-1AHU-1 Chemical Storage AH-1, SE-1 Status
AHU-2AHU-2 Chemical Storage AH-2, SE-2 Status
XHeat Exchanger HWC-1Hot Water Pumps HHWP-1, HHWP-2 Status
Lighting Circuits NAPlug Loads
Plug Load Circuits NA
Domestic Water Pumps NA
Whole Building
Chilled Water System
Condenser Water System
Heating Water System
Lighting System
Domestic Water
21
M&V Models: Tan Hall
Whole Building Electric Whole Building Steam
Peak Period Electric Chilled Water System Electric
22
Tan Hall M&V: Whole-Building Electric
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
6/1/2006 6/3/2006 6/5/2006 6/7/2006 6/9/2006 6/11/2006 6/13/2006 6/15/2006 6/17/2006 6/19/2006 6/21/2006 6/23/2006 6/25/2006
Date
Dai
ly k
Wh
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Deg
. F
Total Building Daily kWh Average Daily Outside Air Temperature Baseline New Baseline
Baseline Model
R2 = 0.75RMSE = 581 kWh
New Baseline
R2 = 0.88RMSE = 438 kWh
23
Tan Hall M&V: Whole-Building Steam
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
6/1/2006 6/3/2006 6/5/2006 6/7/2006 6/9/2006 6/11/2006 6/13/2006 6/15/2006 6/17/2006 6/19/2006 6/21/2006 6/23/2006 6/25/2006
Date
Dai
ly S
team
lbs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Deg
. F
Steam Baseline New Baseline Average Daily Outside Air Temperature
New Baseline
Baseline Model
24
Tan Hall M&V: Chilled Water System
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
6/1/2006 6/3/2006 6/5/2006 6/7/2006 6/9/2006 6/11/2006 6/13/2006 6/15/2006 6/17/2006 6/19/2006 6/21/2006 6/23/2006 6/25/2006
Date
Dai
ly k
Wh
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Deg
. F
Chilled Water System Average Daily Outside Air Temperature Baseline New Baseline
New Baseline
R2 = 0.95RMSE = 251 kWh
Baseline Model
R2 = 0.87RMSE = 486 kWh
25
Tan Hall: Estimated vs. Verified Savings
Whole Building CHW System
kWh 653,575 663,184 686,519kW 91 69
Lbs. Steam 10,543,991 5,995,232* based on engineering calculations
** based on baseline and post-installation measurements and TMY OAT data
Verified Savings**Source
Estimated Savings*
26
Shields Library
• UC Davis Undergraduate Library
• 400,072 ft2
• Chilled Water and Steam provided by campus central plant
2 CHW service entrances, variable volume
2 HW service entrances
• 11 AHU, 3 VAV, 8 CAV
• 5 electric meters
27
Shields Library RCx Findings
System Description of Deficiencies/Findings
AC01 & AC02• Excessive fan speed due to failure to meet static pressure set point• Economizer malfunction• Simultaneous heating and cooling in air stream
AC21, AC25, AC25, AC51, AC53, AC54, AH1, AH2, AH3
• Economizer Repair • Economizer Control Optimization • Supply Air Temperature Reset with Occupancy Schedule
CHW & HW Pumps
• Chilled water supply temp set point reset• Chilled water pump lockout• Reset CHW EOL pressure set point
• Savings: no estimates prior to measure implementation
28
M&V Approach for Shields Library
• Assessment:
Whole-building meters present:
• 5 electric meters
• 2 CHW meters (installed as part of project)
• 3 HW meters (installed as part of project)
EMS that trends all points at 5 min intervals
RCx measures in AHU, CHW and HW pumps
• Electric, chilled water, and hot water savings
• M&V Approach:
Option C – whole building level
29
Shields Library: M&V Models
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
OAT (Deg F)
MB
TU
per
Day
HHW HHW Model HHW Post HHW Post Model
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
OAT (Deg F)
To
ns
Per
Day
EXP CHW EXP CHW Model Post EXP CHW Post EXP CHW Model
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
OAT
Dai
ly k
Wh
Use
Baseline Model Baseline Data Post Model Post Data
Electric Chilled Water
Steam
30
Shields Library: 480V Electric Meter Savings
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
1/4/
2007
1/7/
2007
1/10
/200
7
1/13
/200
7
1/16
/200
7
1/19
/200
7
1/22
/200
7
1/25
/200
7
1/28
/200
7
1/31
/200
7
2/3/
2007
4/1/
2007
4/4/
2007
4/7/
2007
4/10
/200
7
4/13
/200
7
4/16
/200
7
4/19
/200
7
4/22
/200
7
4/25
/200
7
4/28
/200
7
5/1/
2007
5/4/
2007
5/7/
2007
5/10
/200
7
5/13
/200
7
5/16
/200
7
5/19
/200
7
Date
Dai
ly k
Wh
Use
Daily kWh Usage Baseline
Date Break
Baseline Model:R2 = .7RMSE = 10%
Baseline Period Post-Installation Period
31
Shields Library: Chilled Water Savings
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8/11
/200
7
8/12
/200
7
8/13
/200
7
8/14
/200
7
8/15
/200
7
8/16
/200
7
8/17
/200
7
8/18
/200
7
8/19
/200
7
8/20
/200
7
8/21
/200
7
8/22
/200
7
8/23
/200
7
8/24
/200
7
8/25
/200
7
8/26
/200
7
8/27
/200
7
8/28
/200
7
8/29
/200
7
9/6/
2007
9/7/
2007
9/8/
2007
10/2
4/20
07
10/2
5/20
07
10/2
6/20
07
10/2
7/20
07
10/2
8/20
07
10/2
9/20
07
11/1
/200
7
11/2
/200
7
11/3
/200
7
11/4
/200
7
11/5
/200
7
11/6
/200
7
Date
Dai
ly C
HW
Use
(T
on
-hrs
)
Daily CHW Usage Baseline
Date Break
Baseline Model:R2 = .8RMSE = 26%
Baseline Period
Post-Installation Period
32
Shields Library: Hot Water Savings
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,0008/
10/2
007
8/11
/200
7
8/12
/200
7
8/13
/200
7
8/14
/200
7
8/15
/200
7
8/16
/200
7
8/17
/200
7
8/18
/200
7
8/19
/200
7
8/20
/200
7
8/21
/200
7
8/22
/200
7
8/23
/200
7
8/24
/200
7
8/25
/200
7
8/26
/200
7
8/27
/200
7
8/28
/200
7
8/29
/200
7
9/6/
2007
9/7/
2007
9/8/
2007
10/2
4/20
07
10/2
5/20
07
10/2
6/20
07
10/2
7/20
07
10/2
8/20
07
10/2
9/20
07
11/1
/200
7
11/2
/200
7
11/3
/200
7
11/4
/200
7
11/5
/200
7
11/6
/200
7
Date
Dai
ly H
W U
se (
MB
H)
Daily HW Usage Baseline
Date Break
Baseline Model:R2 = .7RMSE = 5%
Baseline Period
Post-Installation Period
33
Costs
• Including all costs, project remains cost-effective:
Soda Hall: 1.7 year payback
Tan Hall: 0.7 year payback
Shields Library: 1.0 year payback
• Added costs of metering hardware and software did not overburden project’s costs
• In private sector – metering costs lower
Existing electric meters
Sophisticated BAS systems
MBCx approach should be viable
Soda Hall 4,442$ 62,160$ 51,087$ 117,689$ Tan Hall 22,573$ 53,000$ 15,300$ 90,873$ Shields Library 26,000$ 96,795$ 57,757$ 180,552$
BuildingMetering
CostsMBCx Agent
CostsIn-House
CostsTotal