marine kiknaveliZe-papiZe

Tbilisi 2015

3

recenzia

evropam aucileblad sxva mgrZnobelobiT unda waikiTxos sabWouri moTxroba, upirvelesad ki leo qiaCelis `haki aZba~, raTa postsabWouri qveynebis TavisTavadobasa da Rrma sulier Sreebs Caswvdes, raTa ufro kargad miawvdinos mzera im adamianTa sibrZnis niSnuls, romlebmac totaluri yofis wi-aRSi dabadebuli SiSis sindromiT galies ramdenime aTeuli weli... amgvarma yofam maT fiqrs sxva siR-rme, xolo mzeras sxva Suqi misca.

`dRes erTi cnoba, xval Zmoba~... evropasTan gad-ebuli xidis erTi burji myarad dgas postsabWouri qveynis sabWour moTxrobaSi, romelic evropuli suliskveTebis mwerlis nafiqr-naazrevia.

d. kldiaSvilis evropa proJeqtoriviT anaTebs avtoris mier ganxiluli `samaniSvilis dedinacv-lidan~ da paolo iaSvilis leqsidan `piramidebSi~. saWiroa, jer qarTvelobam Seimecnos am SuqiT Tavis Tavi da mere evropam.

q. Tbilisis me-10 sajaro skolis maswavlebelTa koleqtivi

ISBN 978-9941-0-7797-5

& marine kiknaveliZe-papiZe. Tbilisi 2015 w.

redaqtorinaTela CaCua

teqnikuri redaqtorialeqsandre kuzanaSvili

operatorilia darbaiZe

gamomcemloba `sveti +~

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winasityvaoba

klasikuri Txzulebebi mxolod analitikuri `kreWiT“ Tu miaRwevs mkiTxvelis gulamde, amitomac qarTuli literaturis Seswavlis procesi erTad fiqris aucilebeli pirobaa.

rogorc dekoratiul buCqs baRebSi sWirdeba mudmivi mzrunveloba usaxur xed rom ar gadaiqces, romelic arc xes hgavs da verc buCqis movaleobas asrulebs, aseve elian klasikuri qmnilebebi guliT da gonebiT wamkiTxvels. mkiTxvels, romelic saWiro kiTxvas Tavisi sxeuliT da suliT miagnebs.

realuri cxovreba aSavebs da azianebs azrovneb-is struqturebs, klasikuri literatura ki rwmeniT da siyvaruliT avsebs adamianis guls. aseT guls aqvs didi ganZi _ Tavisufleba, romelsac xelewife-ba sakuTari Tavis agebis aqti. mxolod swormkixT-velTa Taoba SeZlebs saxelmwifoebriv azrovnebas, romelic haeriviT sWirdeba Cveni qveynis titulo-van ers _ saqarTvelos.

mwerali sityvaa, romelSic gacxadebulia raoba arsisa. mwerali mweria, marTlac uRono, bunebaSi TiTqos umniSvnelo sicocxle, magram mas SeuZlia daavadebebis gadatana, damtvervac, romlis Sed-egadac axali saxis nayofs iZleva xe zogjer ukeT-ess, xan iqneb uaressac. igive raobiT dadis, daf-rinavs azrebSi adamianTa cxovrebaSi mwerali. igi fizikuri moZraobiTac, kalmis rxeviT weris dros, waagavs mweris viTomda uvnebel moZraobas. viTomda uvnebels-Tqo imitom vpedalireb, rom orive arss

SeuZlia adamianis mokvdineba ramdenime wuTSi.ra aris mizani mwerlisa?umravles SemTxvevaSi keTilSobili _ gamoas-

woros cxovreba ukeTesobisaken, midrikos mkiTx-veli sikeTisaken. iSviaT SemTxvevaSi ki mwerals Se-farulad an Seufaravad boroti miznebic SeiZleba amoZravebdes, romlis mxileba aucileblobas war-moadgens.

mkiTxveli waikiTxavs, Seiswavlis, gaixarebs saz-risis mignebiT, magram mis irgvliv cxovrebis Secv-laze, gamosworebaze Tu ar izruna, TuTiyuSis sila-mazis da niWierebis ganzomilebiT ivlis cxovrebaSi. es azri ikiTxeba l. gudiaSvilis 1953 wels guaSiT Sesrulebul suraTSi `poemis dasasrulis molod-inSi“. mxatvars marcxisTvis ganwiruli _ TuTiyuSi farTod gadaSlili wignis marcxena mxareze dauxat-avs, da arc Tu SemTxveviT, kibis mexuTe safexurze Semouskupebia. Semoqmedis Tanadroul saqarTvelo-Si meti asparezi mkiTxvels namdvilad ar hqonda, am-itomac inteleqtualuri xedvis am gansakuTrebul modelSi dagvanaxa simarTle.

simarTle Semouskupebia mxatvars kibis pirvel safexurzec. TeTri kata maRla iyureba, Zexvi ar-sad hkidia, magram etyoba icis, rom katanomikis gzam am kibis safexurebze unda gaiaros, rom yoCaRobiT axtes da Zexvs Seswvdes.

suraTi sxivmfinarebs nairgvar inteleqtualur WrilebSi. lado gudiaSvili Tavisi SegrZenebebiT swvdeba WeSmaritebas, amitomacaa, rom totali-tarulma reJimma ver moaxerxa misi azrovneba ty-

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daviT kldiaSvili

`samaniSvilis dedinacvali~

kiTxvebi, romelic aqamde aravis dausvams

1. `samaniSvilis dedinacvali~ _ ase daasaTaura d. kldiaSvilma Tavisi erT-erTi moTxroba. nawarmoebSi samaniSvilis dedinacvlisTvis swored rom mSvenieri saxeli SeurCevia avtors _ elene. ratom ar daarqva es saxeli moTxrobas, an Tundac platonis dedinacva-li?

daviT kldiaSvils moTxrobisaTvis elene rom daerqmia, maSin yuradReba gamaxvilebuli iqneboda mxolod dedinacvalze. iumoristulad moTxrobili tragediis mTavari damnaSave ki mainc platoni ufro iyo, elene uneblie damnaSave xdeba imitom, rom bi-ologiuri qaluri srulyofilebis matarebeli yofila. troas omi (homerosis `iliada da odise~) elenes garegnulma mSvenierebam gamoiwvia. platoni-sa da bekinas omis mizezi ki elenes mdedruli nay-ofierebaa, romelsac mSvenierebad ar aRiqvamen ar-sebobisaTvis brZolaSi Cabmuli mama-Svili. elenes mosalodnel `mSvenierebas~ samxiarulod aRiqvams kirile miminoSvili: `... mara, rom eyolos kaco Svi-li? rom eyolos?~ `ra aris axla aseTi suleluri Caciveba?! _ Seutia kiriles darikom~.

elenes, marTlac, rom biologiurma mSveniere-bam daangria mama-Svils Soris adamianuri urTier-Toba-damokidebulebani. `biWo, TqvenSi Sebraleba

veobaSi moeqcia.TuTiyuSTa xuTosnobam da katis katanomikam

ukve galia gza ganaTlebaSi. TuTiyuSisebrTa da ka-tisebrTa cnobierebam Seqmna arasrulyofili yofi-ereba.

saxelmwifoebrivi ganaTleba im niSniT fasdeba, ra ZaliTac is axerxebs sinedliT acxovros klasikos mweralTa Seqmnili cnobiereba, ramdenad saWiroa es cnobiereba aq, axla, amJamad da ramdenad erwymis is yofierebas.

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ar ician?~, _ sayvedurobs gaognebuli bekina Svils. `me Semibrala vinmem?~, _ pasuxobs platoni. pla-toni samanis Svili ufroa, vidre bekinasi. samanis Sviloba angariSianobaze agebuli kanonebiT moq-medebas gulisxmobs. (samani, sazRvari)

mamis ar Semcode kacs mxolod motivaciuri gvariT moixseniebs saTaurSi d. kldiaSvili. saxeli gvars Seafara, raSic friad dakvirvebuli mkiTx-veli metad mkrTal antipatiuri Seferilobis av-toriseul mimarTebas SeniSnavs.

2. rogor migaCniaT moTxrobis mTavari gmiris saxeli _ platoni, parodiulia Tu ara ? (orive SemTx-vevaSi daasabuTeT teqstualuri Wrilidan moxmo-bili adgilebiT).

platoni Zveli berZeni filosofosis saxe-lia da amitom mas gvaxsenebs upirvelesad. plato-ni qarTveli kacis sulsa da gulSi xmianobs SoTa rusTavelisagan aqcentirebuli RirebulebebiT: `sicrue da orpiroba avnebs xorcsa, merme sulsa.~

moTxrobaSi platoni arsad cruobs, arc or-pirobs, magram saxeli platoni masTan mimarTebaSi parodiulia. parodiulia imitom, rom filosofosi platoni avtoria idealuri saxelmwifos modelisa. aseT rameze rom ifiqros adamianma, sakuTar Tav-Si unda SeaCeros msoflio triali da umweoebis daxmarebaze ifiqros. amaze platoni saerTod ar iwuxebs Tavs, piriqiT, ivane gverdevaniZis azrebs iziarebs, ojaxebis SvilebiT avseba ubedurebad mi-aCnia. `madlians TiTo-orola Svili deeklo, amiT magieraT sarCo miematebia, is ar ajobebda? ... nam-

dvili sityva gaxlavT rasac brZanebT, _ amoioxra platonma.~

3. rodis SeamCnieT platons sulieri rRveva pirvelad ?

platonis mosalodneli sulieri rRveva mkrTa-lad, magram mainc igrZnoba col-qmris saqcielSi. col-qmarma gaaorkeces moxucebuli mamis pativis-cema da movla; oriveni gafacicebiT Tavs dastri-alebdnen daqvrivebul bekinas da TavgamodebiT em-saxurebodnen, TvalebSi Sehyurebdnen, magram pla-tonis WeSmariti sulieri rRvevis dasawyisi mainc ivane gverdevaniZesTan Sexvedris pirveli wamebia: `uecrad fexis xma moesma platons; moixeda ukan da ukmayofilebiT piri isev gamoibruna, viRac xanSi Sesuli kaci moaToxarikebda maRal cxens... mas axla yoveli moxucebuli kacis danaxva ejavreboda Tavisi mamis gamo.~

platonis TvaliT danaxul portretSi saxasi-aTo Strixebi: Casuqebuli, wvermoparsuli, kozirok qudiani, qolgiT iRliis qveS, wiTuri saxis kaci, im kuTxeSi cnobili saxelis mqone aznauri. plato-nis aznauruli Tavmoyvareobis survili uTuod iyo maRal cxenze mjdariyo. pavlia RomiaSvilis zurg-gadatyavebul `bedaurs~ fexa-fexa adevnebul pla-tons amitomac eCxireba TvalSi gverdevaniZis cx-enis simaRle, gamopranWul-gawkepili ieri da cno-bili saxeli.

platonis portreti arsad warmoudgenia daviT kldiaSvils, magram mkiTxvelis gonebaSi mainc ilan-deba misi saxe. platoni `gulmodginebiT urtyamda

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Toxs miwas~, muSaobiT gaTanguli uTuod gamxdaria, xSirad albaT wvermouparsavi da a. S. misi saxe ivanes portretuli Strixebis antipodSi warmoidgineba.

ojaxis rCenis WapanwyvetaSi saqmiT da fiqriT qancgaclil platons kacTmZulvareba Sehparvia, sulieri rRvevac pirvelad swored iqve igrZnoba.

4. platoni sityvaZunwi adamiania sazogadod, ma-gram xandaxan modis xolme is laparakis xasiaTze. riTa ganpirobebuli platonis mWevrmetyveleba?

`nametan usaSvelobaSi varT Cavardnili da gasak-virvelia, rom kidev ase xalisianad varT, arafrad vagdebT yorifels, ... mara Tavs Tu ar miveZaleT, guli ar SevimagreT, sul wavxdebiT batono, sul erTianad da is iqneba! _ mWevrmetyvelebam gaitaca platonic, Tavisi enawyliani mosaubris nayurebi~.

`tkbilad musaifobdnen Cveni mgzavrebi da am laparakSi dro SeumCnevlad gadioda da gzac er-Tob mokldeboda~.

`platoni erTob karg gunebaze dadga... ramden-ime xnis Semdeg mosalxenad gamzadebuli vaxSmis sufras miujda da mxiarulad elaparaka salomes, Semdeg veriCkas simReraSic mxari misca, SeuerTda sazogado yiJinas, gulmodgined sclida yanws yan-wze.

avtoriseuli Sefaseba ̀ mWevrmetyvelebam gaita-ca~ friad ironiulia. ornaqmarevi uSvilo dedaka-cis gamoCena gaaxalisebs platons da laparakis xa-siaTze daayenebs. Savbnel ferebSi aRar esaxeba mo-mavali, raki Seityo, rom aseTi qali arseobos. amiT avtorma imaze migvaniSna, rom Tu ar arsebobs imedi,

adamians metyvelebis unaric erTmeva. 5. jimSer saloberiZis ojaxia) ratom amoWra cxovrebiseuli realobidan

d. kldiaSvilma SeWirvebuli adamianebi mravlad, dalxinebuli ki mxolod erTi _ jimSer salober-iZe?

b) `TviT kargi molaparake, sxvasac ena amoedg-meboda da laparakis xalisi emateboda~, _ gvamcnobs avtori. riTaa sayuradRebo mkiTxvelisaTvis avto-ris mier aqcentireba laparakze?

g) jimSeris ojaxSi figurirebs Cai, kiriles konfliqti CaisTan.

aznaurTa siRaribis rasakvirvelobis aqcen-tirebisaTvis amoWra cxovrebiseuli realobidan SeWirvebuli adamianebi mravlad, dalxinebuli ki mxolod erTi, TumcaRa avtori imasac aRniSnavs, rom is erTaderTi ar iyo. daviT kldiaSvilma Se-Zlebuli mxolod erTaderTi ojaxi uTuod imitom warmoaCina, rom zedmetad fokusirebuli dakvirve-bis obieqti gamxdariyo es ojaxi mkiTxvelisaTvis.

modiT da inteleqtualuri lupi gadavataroT am ojaxis cxovrebis sxvadasxva momentebs. mwerali jimSeris daxasiaTebisas xmarobs sityvebs gonieri, Segnebuli da iqve avtoriseuli daskvnac gaxsnilad xmianobs: `eg iyo mizezi, rom mis ojaxSi yovelive Tav-Tavis rigze iyo~. ojaxis warmatebis mizezad imasac asaxelebs, rom mis ojaxSi usaqmurs ver nax-avdiT, SvilebisTvis swavla ar dauklia. `cocxali gonebis patrons _ jimSers sainteresod hqonda

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yovelive sazogado saqme da mis axlos yovelTvis gesmodaT amnair saqmeebze sja-baasi, TviT kargi molaparake, masTan sxvasac ena amoedgmeboda xolme da laparakis xalisi emateboda. SeZlebiT Roniers, purads, stumarTmoyvares, TiTqmis yoveldRe stu-mari hyavda: vin mosalaparakeblad modioda, vin rCevis sakiTxavad, vin Semweobis saTxovnelad, vin ise tyuila, sanaxavad, rom megobruli kavSiri ar gaewyvita am kacTan. metadre ymawvilkacobas uy-varda saloberiZisas Tavis moyra: aq maT xvdebodaT mimRebi maspinZeli, romelmac maTi ayola icoda, romelTanac Tavisuflad, udardelad, masxaraobd-nen, oxunjobdnen, enamaxvilobdnen da siamovnebiT atarebdnen dros am enamaxvilian da xalisian mox-ucebulebTan.~

es ojaxi zepiri azrovnebis sivrcea. azris dabade-ba xdeba im iSviaT SemTxvevaSi, roca vlaparakobT. am ojaxSi intensiur koncentraciaSi msjelobebSi Cn-deba sicocxlis naperwkali _ saRi azri.

WeSmaritia, Tu ar arsebobs imedi, adamiani pir-iT utyvi xdeba, enawarTmeuli miemowmeba cxovels, kargavs bunebaSi mxolod adamianis SesaZleblobas _ metyvelebas da cxoveliviT ibrZvis fizikuri ar-sebobis gadarCenisaTvis. swored amitomacaa, rom nihilisturad ganwyobili sazogadoeba daavadebuli sxeulia, masSi naklebad myofobs suliereba, igi ma-teriisTvis ufro ibrZvis. aseT sazogadoebas su-liereba gamometyvelebisTvis, Tanadrouli termini rom vixmaroT, imijisaTvis Wirdeba mxolod.

1. gasaTvaliswinebelia _ msjelobebSi Cabmulia ufrosi da umcrosi Taoba.

2. Taobebs Soris horizontaluri urTierTo-baa. jimSerma icoda axalgazrdebis ayola, axal-gazrdebic Tavisuflad oxunjoben, masxroben (Tao-bebs Soris kavSiri ra pirobebSi myardeba sruladaa asaxuli).

3. sicocxlis naperwkals _ saR azrs badebs erT-maneTis Tanagancda, siyvaruli, pativiscema.

jimSeri aseTi arsebobis xdomilebebSi Semd-gara, Camoyalibebula gonier, Segnebul kacad. ka-curi cecxli mosdebia _ daexmaros saqmiT, azriT, masTan ojaxSi misul adamianebs. Sesaferisi saxel-ic SeurCevia d. kldiaSvils misTvis darbaisluri toni rom musikobs am saxelis warmoTqmisas da saxis mimuri gamometyvelebac Sesabamisad seriozulia.

SeWirvebul adamianTa simravle, Seuferade-beli simarTle _ obieqturi realoba iyo, magram simarTle ar iyo dalxinebuli ojaxis erTaderTo-ba. aseTi mimarTebiT avtori xazs usvams adamianis Zlierebas. yvela marcxdeba, magram mainc aris erTi gamarjvebuli, sofokles sityvebiT rom gamovx-atoT: `qveynad esoden mravalia arsi Zlieri, adami-anze Zlieri ki araferia~

SeWirvebul adamianTa gadarCenis gza salober-iZis ojaxze gadis, iq ikribebian, iq msjeloben, iq Tanagancdaa, siyvaruli, pativiscema, azric amitom ibadeba saRi. saRi azri yovelgvar SeWirvebas daga-Zlevinebs. d. kldiaSvilma saloberiZeTa ojaxi Tav-isi erTaderTobiT, qrestomaTiuli mimzidvelobiT

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aabrWyviala, riTac misi survili iyo maTac sain-teresod hqonodaT jimSeriviT yovelive sazogado saqme.

moTxrobis ZiriTadi xazi platonis personaJis fsiqologiuri rRvevis procesis Cvenebas emsax-ureba. es personaJi jimSeris ojaxSi xvdeba stum-rad, magram igi Tavisi sircxvil-tkivilis RiaobiT kirilem gaaSiSvla Tavisi royio xumrobiT, TviTon platoni ki yvela xerxebiT Tavs imalavs. platonma mxolod fizikurad SearRvia jimSeris ojaxi, Si-naarsobrivad ki vera, amitom misi fsiqologiuri rRveva srul metamorfozamde miva. amitomacaa, rom platoni avtoriseuli SefasebiT aseT niSaSi amoyofs Tavs: `es kaci, romelsac winandeli mwux-arebac eyofoda, am axlad gadaxdili usiamovnebis Semdeg, metad gamwarebuli iyo. amitom iseTnairi ki-loTi laparakobda, sworedac Seecodeboda kacs, rom TviT ambavi sasacilo ar yofiliyo~.

... jimSeris ojaxSi miirTmeven Cais da Rvinos. Rvi-

nos drostarebis, garTobis moyvaruli kirile iTx-ovs: `mag Cais rom daacunculeb, magis magivrad, Se qalo, erTi boTli Rvino Semoitano, is sjobia, Cemo veriCka.~

Cais siamovnebiT usxedan isini, vinc sazogado saqmeebze msjeloben. kiriles sazogado fiqrebisken ar miudis goneba, amitomac konfliqtSia CaisTan.

rogor gaaSinaarsebT moTxrobaSi avtoris saxel-debul motivaciur gvarebs, gnebavT saxelebs.

SeecadeT warmoaCinoT Sefaruli Sinaarsebi.

platon samaniSvili _ samani _ sazRvari. angariSianobaze agebuli cxovrebis kanonebi

misTvis sasicocxlod mniSvnelovans xdis sazRvars, rac sabolood akargvinebs adamianis moralur sax-es.

kirile miminoSvili _ mimino brdRvnis Citebskiriles ar uWirs CitiviT gabrdRvnas platonis

Tavmoyvareoba saloberiZeebis ojaxSi. arc sxvaTa damcireba-Seuracxyofaze ixevs ukan. saxeli kir-ile msubuqi, TiTqos mxiaruli fluidebis Semcveli ganwyobilebiT xmianobs, misi warmoTqmisas saxe Rim-ilis gamosaxatavad emzadeba TiTqos.

dariko _ kiriles coli`es-esa cxenze Sejda, raRac saqme maqvso da

wevida. gamiqra xelidan... ver davamagre saxlSi... dayanyalobs ase tyuilubralod ra movuxerxo, aRar vici... gamiWirda saqme!~ _ SesCivlebs dariko Tavis Zmas _ platons; magram miuxedavad yovelive amisa darikos saxlSi mainc daria, ojaxuri Cxubi da areuloba ar xmianobs. amitomac daurqmevia kir-iles colisTvis aseTi saalerso saxeli _ dariko.

ivane gverdevaniZe _ veqilobs, fizikurad ar muSaobs, Casuqebulia, etyoba kargi gagverdilia. gverdze wamowolili Tvalyurs adevnebs sxvaTa cx-ovrebas.

bekina _ am saxelSi bekekas kikini ismineba _ bekekina

Tavisas kikinebs, Tavi mdidrebSi moaqvs da colis Txova imperatiuli gadawyvetilebaa.

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bregaZeebi _ sami Zmani arian. maT Tavmoyvare-obas, marTlac, iseTi xmauriani brega gaxda, rom maTi ojaxis ambebs ramdenimejer vismenT sxvadasxva personaJis monaTxrobidan, maT stumrisac ki eSini-aT, imalebian.

aristo qvaSaviZe _ Savi qva adevs mis Rirsebas. saxlSi epatiJeba stumars, misi daxvedris SeZleba ki ara aqvs da naTlimamis ojaxSi mihyavs yazaxisas saqeifod kote baRdavaZe.

kote baRdavaZe _ Wrel baRdadze gaSlil sufras asdevnebia kote da erTi dapatiJebiT `gabriyvebu-li~ estumreba aristos.

saloberiZe _ TiTqos fuZeSi ismineba sityva salbi

salbi mcenarea, romlisganac mzaddeba malamo. saloberiZis ojaxi, marTlac, malamoa fizikuri ar-sebobisaTvis brZolaSi gadaRlili adamianebisaT-vis.

salome _ salomes ojaxi salonuria, iqneb ami-tom mouZebna es saxeli

aSkaraa, rom motivirebul gvarebsa Tu saxeleb-Si personaJis xasiaTia gaxsnili.

ra mizans emsaxureba Rrmad Sefaruli Sinaarsi motivaciuri saxelebisa.

Tavad daviT kldiaSvils Zalian uyvarda cxovre-basTan brZolaSi damarcxebuli Rirsebadakarguli adamianebi _ Tavisi moTxrobis gmirebi. mwerali ise-Ti niWierebiT uyveba maT istoriebs mkiTxvels, rom moTxrobis gmirebi uyvardeba mkiTxvelsac. TviTon

rom ar yvareboda avtors, Cven ver Segvayvarebda. advildasanaxia, did humanists hqonda mizani Tavi-si mkiTxvelic iseTive didi humanisti yofiliyo... da kidevac gaxada. mis personaJebs sixaruliT us-menen, maTTan Sexvedra uxarodaT, uxariaT yvela Taobis adamianebs wignSi, Teatrsa Tu kinoSi da mis kvalobaze prototipebi TviT cxovrebaSic ki.

daviT kldiaSvils, rogorc mwerals, Rirseba-uRirsobasTan Tavis mimarTeba sadRac mainc unda gamoexata, swored am gamoxatulebisaTvis sWird-eboda motivaciuri saxelebi, romelTa Sinaarsi ise Rrmad Seafara, rom mravali TaobisaTvis ver gaxda sacnauri. samagierod, zedapirze aativtiva ganwyo-bileba, romelic musikad iRvreba mkiTxvelSi gvare-bidan: miminoSvili, qvaSaviZe, baRdavaZe, SafaTaZe, gverdevaniZe, samaniSvili, bregaZe.

ra aris am moTxrobis umTavresi saTqmeli?moTxrobis umTavresi saTqmelia giyvardes dam-

naSave adamiani. upriani iqneba CavfiqrdeT, ratom ver gaaferm-

krTala drom daviT kldiaSvilis personaJebi ?daviT kldiaSvilma Tavis literaturul

gmirebTan siaxloveSi adamiani mravalmxriv gaani-Wiera. iwyeb magaliTad `samaniSvilis dedinacvlis kiTxvas: `bekina samaniSvili, rasakvirvelia, Raribi aznauri iyo, gvariani Raribic. aba ra simdidres moaswavebda...~ I-II abzaci mwerali-mTxrobelis in-tonaciuri sidinjiT ikiTxeba wminda literatu-ruli qarTuliT, magram, sakmarisia, personaJi alaparakdes, umal tuCi dialeqturi musikaluri

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melodiiT iwyebs moZraobas, rogorc msaxiobi irCev xmis tembrs da sityvis warmoTqmis modulacias spontanurad aregulireb. Tu mxatvruli niWiereba myofobs mkiTxvelSi warmosaxvam SeiZleba tansac-meli Caacvas mas, moqmedebis geografiuli garemoc ki SearCevinos. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mkiTxveli melo-mania, musika buziviT mofrindeba `baRdadidan~.

sakuTari TvaliT danaxuli cxovrebiseuli re-alobebi moxvdeba ra mwerlis guls, sakuTari gu-lidan ibrZvis enobrivi salarodan lariviT sworad SerCeuli sityviT Seatyobinos simarTle mkiTxve-lis yurs da is Tvali Caudgas sityvam, cxovrebaSi sasiarulod mis urems Tvalad rom gamoadgeba da Seuferxeblad atarebs.

cxovrebis gzas sisworiT didi mwerlebi gahyure-ben, adamiani ki gzas mxolod maSin usworebs Tvals, Tavisi an sxvisi uremi rom gadabrundeba, amitomac Seyenebula qarTuli sityvebis Semawvnebuli azri qarTul andazaSi: `uremi rom gadabrundeba, gza ma-Sin gamoCndebao~.

gza bziT, mwvaniT maSin Seimoseba, Tu mwerals ZaluZs gaxados igi kiTxvisas grZnobis grZneulebiT mxatvari, musikosi, msaxiobi warmosaxvaSi. amis Sem-deg mkiTxveli sakuTari sxeulis, sulieri mdgo-mareobis mocemulobebidan aCrdilebs TxzulebaSi TavisTvis saintereso wertilebs, saidanac moedi-nebian kiTxvebi da adamiani xdeba yuriT mxedveli _ mayurebeli. aseTi mayurebeli yuriT rebs, mir-bis mwerlis gulisaken cxovelis rebiT, cxovrebis misnairi gageba-agebisaken. siZnele am gzaze imaSi

mdgomareobs qvecnobieri drekiloba da miswrafe-bebi mkiTxvelisa saiTken ixreba: aiSenos didi saxli materiaSi e. i. ajobos cxovrebas gverdevaniZesav-iT, Tu uxilavi sulierebis mZivi aagos saloberiZe-saviT. orive tipis mkiTxveli Tavis pasuxs moZebnis daviT kldiaSvilTan, magram mwerlis gulamde mx-olod saerod balansirebuli kaci suliereba-xor-cielebaSi cremliani siciliT miaRwevs.

ase ikvreba wredi sisxlis moZraobisa mweralsa da mkiTxvels Soris, sadac mwerlis zogad, yvela-saTvis misaReb azrs jarad udganan adamianebi. aseTi wredis Semkvrel mwerlebs klasikosebs uwodeben. isini floben swori, Sewonili sityvis aRmoCenis, xmarebis, xanac Seqmnis unars. unars, romelic ad-vilad gaivlis sxvadasxva epoqebSi mSobliuri eT-nosis, xolo Semdeg kacobriobis yunwSi. ai, ase ik-ereba erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio kultura. es gza gaiara, am gzas axlac gadis d. kldiaSvili, ami-tomac ver gaafermkrTala misi personaJebi drom da verc verasodes gaafermkrTalebs.

boloTqmaTiTqos bevri ram gaviazreT, gaverkvieT, Sevafa-

seT, magram azris zriali aq Tu damTavrda, azrovne-baSi namdvilad ver gadavalT. netav ra ariso az-rovneba? _ ikiTxavs Rrmad ganswavluli mkiTxveli. am kiTxvaze umartives, saCinod Tvalxilul pasuxs, xelisgulze rom daudebs adamians, gvawvdis merab mamardaSvilis ganmarteba: `azrovneba is wertilia, romelSic arkvev imis bunebas, raSic monawileob~.

gaarkvio imis buneba raSic monawileob, _ esa sa-

20 21

zogadoebaSi cxovrebis sirTule da iSviaTad iqneb sakuTar ojaxSi cxovrebis sirTulec. vin daexmare-ba amaSi adamians, vin Seeweva RmerTiviT mas? qarTu-li xalxuri zRapris sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, `Rv-Tis ukeTesi ra iqneboda?~... ra iqneboda da sityva. aseTi arsiT adamianis win dgas klasikosi mwerali. misi xeldasmiT Seqmnili samyaro xelovnebaSi da realuri cxovreba yvela epoqisa, azrovnebis erT sibrtyeSi ganTavsebul sazrovno sivrces qmnian, sadac xelis wavlebiT, saxel-gvarebiT Tu garkvev, romelia Txzulebis gmiri da romeli realuri cx-ovrebisa.

Tanadrouli stereotipebi iseTive mgrZno-belobiT daabijeben cxovrebaSi, iseTive moraluri Targis tansacmeli sWirdebaT xalxSi gamosaCenad, rogoric esaWiroebodaT `samaniSvilis dedinacv-lis~ gmirebs. Txzuleba da cxovreba niWieri Sem-mecnebeli mkiTxvelisaTvis erTiani panoramaa. pan-orama, sadac mwerlis sulCaberili gmirebi nawar-moebis kedlidan Camodian da realurad cxovroben, xan realuri adamianebi Tavisi fexiT Sedian da xe-lovnebis kedelze daxatulebs miemowmebian.

samarTlebrivad dauwyobel sivrceSi platonis-nairebs TvalSi kvlav eCxirebaT gagverdiloba _ sim-suqne, qolgiT an qudiT gawkvertil-gapranWuloba, cnobiloba _ saxelianoba, maRal cxen-jipze jdoma da kritikis Tu dacinvis mdinareebi gazeTebidan da satelevizio Souebidan am wertilebisaken miemarTe-bian. miuxedavad amisa, es midrekilebebi kvlav da kvlav xelaxla ibadeba. platonisnairni moaxerxeben

Tu ara gverdevaniZis formulaSi CaZromas, umal gverdevaniZesaviT moirgeben cxovelur rebas saTa-viso qcevaSi da saarviso da sasxviso qcevis mod-elebi kvlav gramatikul terminologiebad rCeba. ratom?. . ratom?... ratom?... _ kiTxulobs, am ga-naxlebuli recefciis mxedveli isev platonisnairi SeWirvebuli adamiani, romelic moelis saarviso da sasxviso qcevis cxvirpirianobas. naplatonari gverdevaniZeebi ki, oqropiruli mWevrmetyvelebiT gatacebulni, banaoben moTxovnil saarviso-sasxvi-so banze agdebul sityvebSi, radgan maTi lapara-kis sxivuri elementi datvirTulia garantirebuli bednieri cxovrebiT. miznisken mimaval gzaze maT si-cilis xidi unda gaiaron moRuSuli, pirquSi saxiT. isini kvlav situaciuri komizmis Svilebi arian.

gadidkacebul kirileebs mxiaruli restorne-bi esaWiroebaT, aRar moswonT SafaTaZeebSi qeifi, radgan iq kvlav Coxas Semoaxeven, dakerili CoxiT siaruli ki aRar epitnavebaT. isini Caizec uars acxadeben, romeli firosmani me var Cais mivujde da xelovnebaze gelaparakoTo. kirileebi oTaraanT qvrivis sityvasac mogvawepeben SublSi: Cai ra Cemi saqmea, Tqven miirTviT, me umagisodac gavZlebo da napeterburgali arCilisa da kesos uxerxul zrdi-lobaSi dagvtoveben.

zogierT kirilesnairebs gauCndebaT miswrafe-ba siamis wams ufro Zlierad daewafon, vidre es RvTiT drostarebas SeuZlia. salomes TanagrZno-biT alali mamidebi kirilesi kvlav mwuxarebiT Civ-ian maTze: ` _ sacxa CeiCexeba axla is ubeduri da

22 23

erTi sacodaoba unda moxdes!~darikoobis survili naklebad myofobs yofi-

erebiT gatacebul tanebSi. qalobis kariera re-aluri cxovrebis sxva xazebiT miemarTeba pativsa-cemi skamebisaken, brendi tansacmlisaken, brWyviala sasaxleebisaken, bolo Taobis aifon-mobilurebi-saken, `Sofrobisaken~. ex, kldiaSvilisnairi mTxro-beli aRara gvyavs, Torem avdarikoebsac ise Segvay-varebda, rogorc kirile gviyvars. ise ra avdari-koebis siyvaruli agvityda, SeiZleba gagvibrazdnen kidec, raSi gvWirdeba, Tqve daRirsebulebo, Tqveni siyvaruli, Cven kanoni gvicavso, is girCevniaT mix-vdeT ra didi ubedurebaa darikoobao.

cxovrebisa da wignis yoCaRad mkiTxveli panora-mis utyvi mayurebeli rodia, igi SeiZleba cxovre-bas waeCxubos wignis sityvebiT da yoCic gaxdes, an wigns waeCxubos cxovrebis sityvebiT da iqac iyo-Cos. esaa gza pirovnebis inteleqtualuri daxerx-emlianebisa.

aseTi xerxemliT ki isini aRar gaivlian sici-lis xidze platonis moRuSuli, pirquSi saxeebiT. isini gaivlian yoCi sityviT, romlis wnulSi Tav-sebadi sisruliT ivlis wignSi amocnobili cxovre-biT ganswavluli da cxovrebaSi amocnobili wigniT ganswavluli marTebuloba. gana ase ar gvmoZRvrav-da `oTaranT qvrivSi~ arCilis sityviT ilia, `arc uwignuroba varga da arc marto wignebidan gamoxed-vao.~

iyo da ara iyo ra, RvTis ukeTesi ra iqneboda? ra iqneboda da ase Tqmuli sityva, megobrebo. Tqveni

valia dajardeT da yoveli mxridan SeutioT aris-toebs Txzulebis kedelsa Tu cxovrebaSi, kote baR-davaZes Tu sxvaT da sxvaT. ̀ aba he, aba he, aba mivceT mxari mxars~, davibnioT brZeni qarTuli sityva ise, rogorc galaktions moswonda: `maqvs mkerds mide-buli, qnari rogorc minda, CemTvis didebuli sxivi gamobrwyinda.~ erTi ar dagaviwydeT, Zvirfasebo, erTnairi siwmindiT wardeqiT cxovrebasTan da Tx-zulebasTan, Torem naTeli sxivi ise ar gamobrwyin-deba, isev utyvi darCeba sityvis CuqurTma SuqurT-maSi ametyvelebuli.

2014 weli oqtomberi

24 25

saskolo programaSi moxvedrili paolo iaSvilis erotikuli leqsi

`piramidebSi~

iq, sadac sduman piramidebi, mzis qorwilis dros me davwvebi mzisfer silaze, iq, sadac sduman piramidebi, Sen momindebi, Seni Tvalebi, Seni mklavebi, Seni sinaze.

Sen mogafrens cxeni arabuli, Tvalebdanabuli. sayvarlis xelebs mivecemi, rogorc naz sawols, da Sen damkocni viT dedofals, viT mxevals da cols.

tkbili iqneba cxel silaze Cveni TamaSi, mziurebs maSin, araferi mogvagondeba... piramidebSi atirdeba lodiniT raSi, lurj sfingsTan miva, ucqers didxans da daRondeba,

silian taniT mdinarisken gaveSurebiT, mwvane talRebSi davamSvidebT Cvens Relvas _ alurss. gamofxizldeba Seni raSi sfingsis yurebiT, dauwyebs Zebnas udabnoSi Tavis siyvaruls.

1916 w.

paolo iaSvilis leqsi `piramidebSi~

qarTvel xalxSi cxovrobs ukvdavi aqtioruli suli, imas unda mudam sxva iyos, imas uyvars Tea-tralizacia cxovrebis, qarTvel xalxs uyvars niRa-bi~, _ werda ticiani. literaturis Teatralizaci-is gamovlenaa `poeti qalis~ elene darianis saxis Seqmna (elene dariani paolos fsevdonimia). leqsis lirikuli gmiri qarTveli qalia, romelic Tavis grZnobasa da gancdebs, vnebebs, ocnebasa da sevdas saxismieri TrTolviT daitans Teatralur niRabze.

Teatraluri niRabi sami gayinuli saxea. trage-diis, komediisa da dramisa. realuri sasiyvarulo Tanacxovreba elvis uswrafesad argebs da xsnis Zlieri grZnobis matarebel adamians beWeds silaRe-mxiarulebisas, sevdisas, Tu seriozulobisas mo-nacvleobiT. am leqsSi ki es samsaxovneba leonardo davinCis niWierebiT daitaneba erT saxeSi. Tu gvaqvs survili gaverkveT, rogor axerxebs qarTveli qa-lis xorcieli da sulieri wnulis poeturi bunebis wvdomas, upriani iqneba xedvis gansxvavebul SreebSi movaqcioT kinokadrebad aRbeWdili Sinaarsi leqsi-sa. es rom SevZloT, saWiroa, davsvaT metad zogadi kiTxva: ram SeiZleba mogxiblos leqsSi? yvela ada-miani iolad gascems am kiTxvas aseTive ganzogade-bul pasuxs: leqsSi SeiZleba mkiTxveli moxiblos Sinaarsma, grZnoba-gancdam, musikalurobam, elvare oqropirma sityvam, mxatvruli azrovnebis sinat-ifem. modiT, mivyveT CamonaTvals da am WrilebSi warmovaCinoT, ra gvizidavs, ra gvnusxavs.

26 27

leqsis Sinaarsi

mTeli leqsi momxibvleli mistifkaciuri Txrobaa da am TxrobaSi Caqsovili erotikuli si-Tamame, romelic manamde ar ugrZvnia aseTi gznebiT qarTul poezias.

`iq, sadac sduman piramidebi, Sen momindebi~... `sayvarlis xelebs mivecemi, rogorc naz sawols~... `tkbili iqneba cxel silaze Cveni TamaSiaraferi mogvagondeba `mziurebs maSin~... `mwvane talRebSi davamSvidebT Cvens Relvas alurs~...

mistifikaciuri damRis Zlierebas TxrobaSi atarebs simboloebi (piramida, sfingsi, cxeni arabu-li, udabno) da am saxeebTan dakavSirebuli asocia-ciebi.

ra asociaciebs aRZravs piramida, udabno, lur-ji sfingsi, cxeni arabuli. siyvarulis grZnoba-gancdas axlavs idumaleba. piramida iseTive idu-malia, maRali, maradiuli da mudam mzesTan myofi, rogorc Tavad siyvaruli. paolo uTuod siyvaruls iseTive saocrebad aRiqvamda, rogorc piramidas. aravin icis, rogor Sendeba piramida, aseve aravin icis, rogor Sendeba siyvaruli. piramidebi marad-isobas uerTdeba, maradiulad cocxlobs adamianSi TviT dabali siyvarulic ki.

udabno _ `dauwyebs Zebnas udabnoSi Tavis siy-varuls~

udabno is sivrcea, sadac iqmneba aucilebeli

martoobis atmosfero cxeli da mwveli siyvar-ulisTvis.

lurji sfingsi _ `lurj sfingsTan miva, ucqers didxans da daRondeba,

`gamofxizldeba Seni raSi sfingsis yurebiT~. sfingsi leqsis lirikuli gmiris poeturi

hipostasia. sfingss adamianis Tavi aqvs, tani ki cxovelis. es

saxe xazs usvams siyvarulis organzomilebian bune-bas: cxovelurs da moralurs. paolos warmosaxvaSi sfingsi lurjia, ratom? advili misaxvedria, lurji xom Rrma ocnebis feria.

raSi, cxeni arabuli Tvalebdanabuli _ Rrma in-timuri saxismetyvelebiT feTqavs es simboloc. ar-abuli cxeni _ erTi fiqriT avTandilsac gagaxsenebs `vefxistyaosnidan~.

grZnoba-gancda

simboloebSi beWdili grZnoba-gancdis simxur-vale mkiTxvelis arsebaSic aRwevs gaufermkrTale-blad. sazogadod qarTveli qali Rrmad malavs vnebianobas, am leqsSi ki paolos ineleqtualur mklavebSi amoxsnilia qarTveli qalis ocneba.

`sayvarlis xelebs mivecemi, rogorc naz sawols, da Sen damkocni viT dedofals, viT mxevals da cols~.

28 29

qarTveli qalis Sinagani vnebiani bunebis gasax-snelad paolom `evropuli karebi~ SeaRo, magram iq `erovnuli kulturis yvela folaqebSekruli man-dilosani daxvda. lurji sfingsoba aris qarTveli qa-lis niWiereba, amasTanave gabeduli ambiciac, romel-sac warmoqmnis ocneba ( `da Sen damkocni viT dedo-fals, viT mxevals da cols). kveTeba qarTveli qalis sulisa da xorcisa iseTi gaxsnilobiT moaxerxa, rom WeSmaritad qarTvel Stefan cvaigad aRiqmeba.

musikaluroba

sainteresoa leqsis musikaluri profili, sain-teresooba mis ariTmiulobaSi mdgomareobs. ratom isurva poetma ariTmiuli yofiliyo es leqsi.

siyvarulis zeimSi guli ariTmiulad uZgers adamians, amitomac airCia aseTi musikac. miT umetes, rom lirikuli gmiri mxolod xorcieli vnebiT araa Sepyrobili, is moraluri vnebiTacaa datvirTuli.

sityva elvare

sityvas elvares da oqropirs am leqsSi aqvs un-ari mkiTxveli gaxados grZnoba-gancdis, ocnebis Tanamonawile da Tavis talRebSi isic didi vnebebiT anebivros. paolos mxatvruli azrovnebis prizmebi adamians idumal, mistikur samyaroSi gatyorcnis, aRmoaCeninebs sakuTar Tavs da agrZnobinebs did bednierebas. marTlac, didi bednierebaa aseT esTe-tikur saqanelaze qrola.

axla cxadze cxadia, kafe `qimerionis kedelze Zveli qarTuli freskidan gadmoRebul tansacmel-Si morTul veras (sudeikinis coli) win ratom dax-ata sudeikinma paolo espanuri SlapiT da yanwiT xelSi.

Slapa _ evropuli niSnuli saxeSi, yanwi ki qarTu-li gemovnebiT, qarTuli sulierebis RviniT Troba.

kvlav leqsSi minda am rakursiT xelmeored Ca-vixedo. es poeturi qmnileba mkiTxvels upirve-lesad grZnobis ukiduresi simZafriT aognebs da mkiTxvelsac siyvarulis vnebianobis vercxliswy-lis svetze ukidures niSnulze miizidavs. mizidu-lobis magnitur vels ki mkiTxveli qalisTvisac da mamakacisTvisac qmnis qalis survili: siyvarulis rkalSi yvela qaluri Rirseba kocnas imsaxurebdes. kargi iqneboda, yuradReba gagvemaxvilebina erT mo-mentzec, Rirebuleba qalisa _ dedofali, mxevali, coli wrfezea ganlagebuli, Tu kibis safexurebis STabeWdilebas tovebs dablidan maRlisken. me pira-dad ufro kibiseburi meCveneba.

dasasruls SevniSnav, paolos bus nebierobiT (e. i. bnelSi mxedveli Tvalis niWierebiT) rom gaes-worebina Tvali qarTveli qalis bunebisaTvis, Tavi evropuli qudiT unda hqonoda damSvenebuli da xeli yanwiT. sworedac rom ar SeSlia yovelive es sudeikins _ saimperatoro karis yofil mxatvars. ar SeSlia sudeikins imitom, rom mxatvris mgrZnobiare Tvals ar gamohparvia parizul cxovrebagamovlili poeti realurad qarTul sulierebaSi myofobda, ocnebiT ki arabeTSi _ piramidebTan. parizi, saqarT-

30 31

velo, arabeTi _ es samkuTxedi gzaa xorcielebiT suliereba waikiTxo da sulierebiT xorcieleba.

`me davibade aprilis TveSigaSlil vaSlebis yvavilebidan~, _

es sityvebi ticianis ganacxadia saqarTvelos winaSe. marTalia, paolo ar dabadebula aprilis TveSi, magram igive rixiT, sruli uflebiT SeeZlo gaemeorebina es sityvebi misi siamis tyups _ paolos, radgan orivem xes cnobadisas erTnairi niWierebiT gauswora Tvali TavianT poeziaSi.

2014 weli

leo qiaCelis moTxroba

`haki aZba~

SiSis gasanadgureblad aSvebuli cecxlovani frani

1. winasityvaoba2. SiSi makrosamyaroSi3. SiSi mikrosamyaroSi4. spiraliseburad datrialebuli cecxlis ali qalaqSi5. grZnobebis ori mdinare, dRisa da Ramis gzagasayarze6. moTxrobis karibWe7. moTxrobis personaJebi kritikis avan-scenaze8. sidiade leo qiaCelisa

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winasityvaoba

sabWoTa moTxroba gansakuTrebuli Seswavlis reJimSi unda acxovros skolaSi maswavlebelma. aq, yofili sabWoeTis sivrceSi, mudmiv dakvirvebaSi gakvirvebis saZirkveli Tu ver ipovna mkiTxvelma, misTvis Txzuleba, romlis mizania ebrZolos SiSs yvela kuTxe-kunWulSi, Seasrulebs mxolod fabu-liT tkivil-garTobis funqcias.

realuri cxovrebis ablabudaSi yovelgvari si-sazizRre, rac SeiZleba adamianma moigonos, yve-laferi SiSis ZafiTaa nakeri. Savi iyo SiSiT da avo-biT dabinduli azrovnebiTi sivrce totalitaruli reJimis pirobebSi. azrovnebaakrZalulebi mainc az-rovnebdnen, magram azrebs malavdnen sakuTar TavSi da ise Rrmad, rom mis cirkulacias ojaxis wevrebT-anac ki ver bedavdnen.

azrovnebaakrZalulebi ara saSiSebs, Tavisze ususurebs uyefdnen, partiul krebebze, Sekrebe-bze, xolo Tavisze Zlierebs ZaRluri erTgulebis sawyali TvalebiT SesCerebodnen, radgan daumsax-urebeli, kuWis damamSvidebeli xorcis naWeri ufro did skamebze mjdarT unda gadaegdoT maTTvis.

rogor mividnen sabWoTa adamianebi cxovrebis am wesebamde, ra borbali gadaatriala bolSevikurma realobam, azrovnebiTi morCileba cxovrebis yovel-dRiur saWmel kerZad rom eqcia, swored esa asaxuli sabWoeTis am profiliT yvelaze Zlier moTxrobaSi `haki aZba~.

azris zriali ukidures siCumeSi cxovrobda.

siCume garindebiT yuris gdebas moiTxovs. es moax-erxa swored leo qiaCelma. man azris zrials garin-debuli yuriT usmina, ramac aTqmevina Tavisi ase-Tive garindebuli sityva, romelic drois siSaves uvneblad Seerwya.

rogor ixmareba nemsi da Zafi SiSis kervis dros, raSi mdgomareobs Zafis siZliere. vin aris SiSis mk-eravi, vis miuSveria tani mkeravisaTvis Sesakerad.

leo qiaCels nemsi uwvrilesi SeurCevia sabWoTa tanSi gasayrelad, ise gaiara da gamoiara Txzule-baSi Tavisi uwvrilesi Savi ZafiT agebuli nemsiT SiSiT garemocul Sav sivrceSi, rom aravis gaugia dedaazri am moTxrobisa.

Savi ZafiT nakerma TeTr tanebSi _ maswavleblis tanebSi _ logosis mgrZnobelobiT unda gaiaros da yvela nakeri saCino gaxdeba.

ver waikiTxa leo qiaCelis `haki aZba~ Tavisu-flebis uxarisxo cxovrebis ocdaxuTma weliwadma, amitomac amoiRes es moTxroba erovnuli gamocde-bidan, magram madloba maT, vinc dakvirvebis reJimi ar mouxsna skolaSi am sisxliT nawer wigns.

`ers aqvs TviTgamorkvevis ufleba~, _ ase ewera sabWoTa konstituciaSi, magram TviTgamorkvevis msjelobebi univermaRis karebiviT xan Signidan iRe-boda da xan garedan, amitom sazogadoeba garkveu-loba-gaurkvevlobis morevSi yuryumalobda.

SemoTavazebuli kritikuli ganxilva moTxrobisa inteleqtualuri mgrZnobelobiT Caaxedebs mkiTxv-els sibneleSi. am sivrces siRrmeSi Cascqeroda da Cascqeris beberi evropa, radgan azrovnebis aseTi

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policiurobiT Tu ar isunTqa, umalve mokvdeba. aseT sunTqvas gvaswavlian Cven. evropa ganabuli elodeba rodis daiwyebs Tavisi qSeniT siaruls swormkiTx-velTa armia, armia, romelsac SeuZlia xelovnebis empiriul azrovnebaSi SeRweva. gjerodeT, saqarT-velos moqalaqeno, beberi evropa wiTelqudas bebi-asaviT dagviZaxebs: aswieT urduli da karebi gaiRe-bao. Cvenc nasabWoeTari wiTeli qudebiT SevalT be-bia evropasTan _ beber iasTan.

leo qiaCeli

`haki aZba~

SiSi makrosamyaroSi(I-II Tavebis analizi)

literaturuli nawarmoebi klasikur qmnile-bad maSin gardaiqmneba, rodesac igi rezonansuli bunebiT iwyebs axal cxovrebas. icvleba realobebi da am realobebs midevnebuli xdomilebebi, sazoga-doebrivi formaciebi, icvleba epoqebis fsiqo-so-maturi produqti _ Tavad adamiani, magram mwerali gacilebiT meti inteleqtis Suqs fens momaval Tao-bebs gaerkvnen imis bunebaSi, raSic monawileoben. Klasikuri nawarmoebis niWieri mkiTxvelebi mwerlis Semdgomi Taobebi ufro arian, vidre misi Taname-droveni.

leo qiaCelis `haki aZbas~ rezonansulobis sa-fuZvels qmnis is momenti, rom nawarmoebs Rrma gaumWvirvale bundovan nislovanebad akravs SiSis fenomeni, romelTan mimarTebaSi mkiTxvelis war-modgenaSi qandakeba zneobrivi saxe yvela gmirisa da masTan erTad mTeli xalxisa. Txzuleba daiwera 1933 wels, es xana sabWoTa kavSiris sinamdvileSi iyo dro, roca SiSis yuTi iqmneboda dedamiwis uzarmazar teritoriaze, amitomac gauCnda avtors gaxelebuli vneba eCvenebina erTi qalaqis _ soxumis magliTze SiSis yuTis Seqmnis istoria. gadmoce-muli siuJeti konkretuli ambavia, romelic moxda

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1918 wels revoluciis Semdgom. sityva SiSi pirvelive TavSi wamoimarTeba, ma-

gram, sanam mas axsenebs moTxrobaSi mwerali, jer qmnis SiSis atmosferos. ai, es amonaridebi:1. `es moxda qalaq soxumSi 1918 w., roca ruseTSi oq-

tombris revoluciis gamarjvebis Semdeg usas-tikesi omi mimdinareobda~.

2. `Sav zRvaze da mis sanapiroebze sisxlis TqeSi idga kidiT-kidemde~.

3. wiTel kreisers meTaurad `mrisxaned~ wodebuli `bocmani kuzma kilga axlavso~.

4. `soxumis qalaqis Tavs, samson davanZes bolSe-vikebis samxedro gemis moaxloebis ambavi binaze miutanes dilaadrianve, jer loginSi iwva, `Smid-tisa~ da `kuzma mrisxanis~ gagonebaze SefeTebu-li idga. moulodnelobisa da aCqarebisagan Zlivs moawsro tanT Cacma da pirdaubanelma qalaqis sabWos miaSura... maRali kaci iyo, zorba, `wiTuri wveri mkerdze dahfenoda. qSeniT moalajebda da Tan zRvisken icqireboda~...

`dawynarebuli zRvis mSvidi kamkami daujereb-els xdida xmad darxeul ambavs~...

sityva SiSi pirvelad davanaZis fiqrebSi xmian-deba winadadebaSi `SiSisagan Tu moeCvenaT~, fiqreb-Sive brazi mosdioda soxumelebze gulSi edva, Tu gangaSi tyuili aRmoCndeboda, sastikad daetuqsa, vinc Wors avrcelebda da xalxSi SfoTs iwvevda. TviTon Tavi Zvel revolucionerad mohqonda da bolSevikebis ar eSinoda~...

soxumis mesakuTreebi sabWos win daxvdnen, afrTxilebdnen, saeWvod mimodis gemi zRvaSi unda icodeTo. ̀ gemi imisTvis aris gemi, rom zRvaSi mimo-diodes, maS xmeleTze xom ver ivlis, aimriza qalaq-is Tavi, moqalaqeebis SiSi arafrad Caugdo rixi da siTamame xmaSi masac aRar etyoboda, rodesac Tavad aReZra eWvi.

SiSis winaSe vaWarTa sijabane rusTavelis Sem-deg aqac saxierobs. yvelaze ufro raJden Toria SeuSinebia qalaqSi darxeul xmebs, soxumSi cnobili vaWari. swored man urCia samsons gagra gamoeZax-ebina da ambavi ekiTxa. damaimedebeli arc gagris pa-suxi iyo: amboben am mxares `Smidti~ imisTvis dadis, rom damarcxebul TeTrgvardielebs gza gadau-Wraso, namdvilad aravin icis ra saomari amocana aqvs dasaxulio.

sagonebelSi Cavardnili qalaqis Tavi _ samsoni TbilisSi saidumlo depeSiTac izRvevs Tavs yovel-nairi pasuxismgebloba Tavidan aecilebina. depeSis Sedgenisas gaaxsendeba, rom soxumSiac arsebobda muSaTa, glexTa, jariskacTa deputatebis sabWo, romlis Tavmjdomare misi kargi megobari _ nariq eSba iyo, esec nacimbirali, Zveli revolucioneri. es sabWo TiTqmis ar moqmedebda, mxolod droga-moSvebiT mdgomareobis garTulebisas, momentis Sesaferis rezolucias miaRebinebdnen da gazeTebSi aqveynebdnen, am organizaciis arseboba rom gaaxsen-da samsoni sixarulisagan wamoiZaxebs `evrika!~ isini Seqmpnil mdgomareobaSi mxsnelebad warmoudgebod-nen aforiaqebul qalaqis Tavs. man isic gaixsena am

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sabWSi mezRvaurebic rom Sediodnen oficialur saxelwodebaSi.

samsonis davalebiT sabWoSi misulma nariq eS-bam guldasmiT mousmina, cota xans dafiqrda da me-gobruli pasuxic gasca: `pasuxismgeblobas an Sen ratom ikisreb, Zvirfaso samson, an ratom ginda me makisrebino. xom ici ra mdgomareoba. Tu pasux-ismgeblobamde mivida saqme, sjobia misi tvirTi ise ganawildes, yovel SemTxvevisaTvis, rom brali yve-las da amave dros aravis ar daedos... moviwvioT qalaqis sabWos da muSaTa glexTa, jariskacTa da mezRvaurTa deputatebis sabWos prezidiumis sas-wrafo gaerTianebuli sxdoma partiebisa da sazoga-doebrivi organizaciebis warmomadgenlebis Tan-daswrebiT da iq davsvaT es sakiTxi. dee, amaT gad-awyviton, Tu ra saxiT unda daxvdes qalaqi soxumi bolSevikebis samxedro gems.~

prezidiumis gaerTianebuli sxdoma, sabWos dar-bazs xalxi moawyda, ar gamocxaddnen oficialurad mxolod partiebis warmomadgenlebi, umalve mixvda isini pasuxismeblobas gaurbodnen.

am sxdomaze SiSis konturebi ixazeba, aqve wydeba, rogor unda moiqcnen am yuTSi mcxovrebi adamianebi.

vin an ra xazavs SiSis yuTis konturebs?1. qalaqis sabWos Tavmjdomare _ beqirbi CaCba`afxazTa Soris metad popularuli pirovneba,

misdami pativiscemas yvelasaTvis savaldebulod xdida, garda didi gvarisa, misi iSviaTi tanadobac da afxazuri ieriT Semkuli saxiereba.~

beqirbi CaCbam mamaSviluri pirdapirobiT daaye-

na sakiTxi, `ra vqna, bolSevikebi kars mogvadgneno~. 2. SiSis yuTs kedlebs usqelebs siCume. Ramuris

frTebiT iwyebs SiSi frenas. damswreni moelodnen enawylian oratorebs, magram maTgan sityvis Tqmis msurveli aravin gamoCnda.

3. soxumis gadarCenis gza krebaze sagange-bod mowveulma mdidarma mesakuTrem, gavlenianma mkvidrTaganma raJden Toriam gakvala: `axla poli-tikuri angariSebis gasworebis dro ar aris. Cven, ubralo xalxi am angariSebSi ar vereviT, es Cveni saqme ar aris. aravis mivcemT nebas garTulebuli mdgomareoba dRes kidev ufro gagvirTulos. Cven viciT mxolod erTi ram: radganac kreiseri `Smid-tis~ erTi gasrolac ki sakmarisia, rom Cveni sax-lebi da mTeli sarCo-sabadebeli cecxlma Tvalis daxamxamebaSi CanTqas, Cveni yofaqcevac am ueWveli garemoebidan unda gamomdinareobdes. gemic, mezR-vaurebic mTelma qalaqma iseTi pativiscemiT unda miiRos, rom eWvi aravis daebados Cvens maTdami TanagrZnobasa da megobrul ganwyobilebaSi... gemis yvela moTxovnileba dauyovnebliv unda davakmay-ofiloT, radac unda dagvijdes mainc... vinc sxva-nairad gvirCevs, imas, albaT, Cveni daRupva unda... mTeli darbazi erTianad daeTanxma raJden Torias.

4. raJdenis Semdeg nariq eSba ambobs sityvas. metad yuradsaRebia is garemoeba, rom mwerali Tav-is mimarTebas am sityvasTan Tamamad ase gamoxatavs: `muSaTa, glexTa, jariskacTa da mezRvaurTa dep-utatebis sabWos prezidiumis saxeliT nariq eSbam mokle deklaeracia waikiTxa. igi maRalfardovani da

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grZeli periodebisagan Sedgeboda, romlis sityvier labirinTSi garkveuli azris danaxva SeuZlebli iyo, magram daskvna windaxedulad iyo mozomili da av-tors yovelgvar eWvs gareSe ayenebda, ragind Tval-sazrisiT gagesinjaT igi~. ai es daskvnac: `_ im brZo-laSi romelic axla mTels ruseTSi warmoebs, Cven uTuod revoluciis mxareze unda viyoT da varT kidevac. aseTia mSromeli masebis suliskveTeba~.

`sawinaaRmdego azri, rasakvirvelia darbazSi ar gaWaWanebula~, _ SeniSnavs mwerali. am SeniSvnaSi gansakuTrebiT damafiqrebelia sityva rasakvirve-lia. rasakvirveli ratomaa darbazSi sawinaaRmdego azri rom ar WaWanebs~. am sityviT mwerali migvax-vedrebs: krebaze daibada sayovelTao SiSi, romel-mac yvela adamianis Tavis qalaSi SeaRwia da dan-gria moqalaqeobrivi azrovnebis Sinagani wyaroebi. wodebrivi, qonebrivi, Tanamdebobrivi upiratesobis mqone adamianebi krebaze iseTi azrobrivi da moq-medebebis bade-wnuls qmnian, rom xalxi SiSis yuTSi Tavisi nebiT iwyebs cxovrebas, maTi sxeulebi sxvis Tavebs mobmul landebad gadaiqcevian.

qalaqSi moaqvT ambavi: kreiser Smidts gezi navsadgurisken aqvso, ucbad gamoicvala qalaqi. landebi darbian, facifucoben, TavianT saxlebs utrialeben, wiTeli droSebiT amkoben. landebs gak-virvebuli saxeebi aqvT, daufaravi SiSi, dabneuloba ukrTiT TvalebSi. ̀ zRvis sanapiros gaswvriv palmeb-is xeivanze gamaval didi sastumros qveda sarTulSi restorani wiTeli arSiebiT daeblandaT, arSiebze

revoluciuri warwerebi, sufras Slian asi kacisT-vis~. qalaqi SiSis laqiT agrZelebs sicocxles, SiSis laqis avtorebi sxvis Tavebs mobmuli landebi arian, axla ukve mzadmyofni laqiobisaTvis.

moTxrobis I-II Tavebi dokumenturi kinosTvis Seqmnil teqsts ufro hgavs, vidre mxatvrul nawar-moebs. Txrobis dokumenturobaze metyvelbs erTi pasaJic, samson davanaZes qalaqis sabWos win aRelve-buli moqalaqeebi daxvdnen, metwilad soxumis mesa-kuTreebi iyvnen, isini pasuxs sTxovdnen: gemi ra-Rac saeWvod mimodis zRvaSi da es unda icodeTo. qalaqis Tavi maT pretenzias axirebulobad Tvlis da eubneba: `gemi imisTvis aris gemi, rom zRvaSi mi-modiodes, maS xmeleTze xom ver ivlis~. samsonis naTqvami Rimilsac ki ar mohgvris iq myofT, Tumca mkiTxvelis saxeSi odnav mainc Seivardisferebs Rim-ili, magram mxolod wamier, radgan imave winadade-baSi axsenebs avtori SiSs, _ ̀ aimriza qalaqis Tavi da SiSi arafrad Caugdo~. leo qiaCeli, romelic Tavisi gaberili nestoebiT SeisunTqavda SiSis atmosferos amCnevda, rom iumoris aRqmis unari dakarguli aqvs SiSis qariT Tmebdavarcxnil adamianebs.

ai ase ibadeba da Slis frTebs SiSi makrosam-yaroSi, romelic erTi qalaqis moculobiTi sivrcea. SiSis dabadebis da frTebis gaSlis Semswre mrava-li adamiani yofila mravali aTeuli wlebis ganma-vlobaSi, magram calkeuli adamianebis SegrZnebebi verasodes aRwevs dasrulebulobas. dasrulebulo-bis safexurs aRwevs da xdomilebad iqceva samyaroSi mxolod klasikosi mwerlis daxatuli sinamdvile,

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sadac danaxvis aqti sruldeba gagebiT codniT. leo qiaCelis `haki aZba~ aseTi TvalTaxedviT namdvilad aris organo sicocxlisa, sicocxlisa, romelic gaizomeba srulyofil azrebSi, aRqmebSi.

rogoria mwerlis srulyofili azrebi, aRqmebimkiTxveli sruli daZabviT unda daxvdes mwer-

lis aRqmebis kakuns. I-II TavebSi mwerali gviCven-ebs rogor eufleba SiSi mTel qalaqs da gadaiqceva erT mTlian SiSis yuTad.

rogor xdeba morCilebis damzadeba?1. iqmneba SiSis atmosfero2. am atmosferos Sesacvlelad tardeba kreba,

krebis avtorebis mizania xalxs afiqrebinon is, rac maT undaT.

3. xalxi azrovnebs da moqmedebs imis mixedviT, rac simyudroves SeunarCunebs, realoba ki sikvdi-lis enaze elaparakeba maT. isini Tavs yofen real-obasTan morgebis jaWvSi.

4. ar WaWanebs sawinaaRmdego azri. rasakvirvelia, ar WaWanebs, radgan adamiani gan-

sacdelSi, meryev situaciaSi unda iyos, rom saRi azri daibados. azri ibadeba aseTi gansacdelisgan da ara survilidan. krebaze gamomsvlelebs isini meryev situaciaSi ar CauyenebiaT. meryev situacia-Si pirovneba unda Caagdos eWvma, iq myofT ki eWvi ar gasCeniaT, maSasadame, isini miamitebi arian, maTi miamitoba ki SiSma Tavis filtvebad gamoiyena.

ai, ase perceficirebs avtori srulyofil az-rebsa da aRqmebSi.

mwerlis, rogorc xelovanis, ostatoba I-II Tav-

ebSi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom avtorma SesaniSnavad warmogvidgina, rogor SeiZleba avtoritetulma ada-mianebma moaxdinon sazogadoebrivi azris kastracia.

SiSi mikrosamyaroSi

mkiTxvelisaTvis saintereso sakiTxavia moTxro-ba III Tavidan, radgan Cndebian personaJebi, romelTa cxovrebis gacnoba ainteresebs mkiTxvels, ainter-esebs upirvelesad imitom, rom maT arc ki ician, ra xdeba gareT, isini, sastumros II sarTulze Ra-menaTevni, banqos TamaSoben _ `xuTnive brwyinvale wodebis warmomadgenelni~.

leo qiaCeli sakuTari TvaliT Segvaxedebs moT-amaSeTa kamerul sivrceSi: oTxni usxedan magidas _ megreli, aWareli, imereli, afxazi. Tambaqos boli, uZilobisagan daRlili, `azartisagan daglejili~ saxeebi, fuliT savse magida _ osmaluri lirebiT, ruseTis imperiis gauqmebuli asignaciebi, `bonebi~, `kerenkebi~. TamaSis mokveTili frazebi, fulis us-ityvo gadalag-gadmolageba. magidis erT kuTxeSi mireul-moreul papirosis namwvavebsa, boTlebsa da lambaqebs Soris metyveli Teatraluri rekvizitebis Rirebulebas iZens wvrili vercxlis balTebasxmul qamarSi gayrili satevari, oqroTi moWedili, Ri-lebSexsnili budidan amoweuli revolveris oqro-vercxliT mosaltuli tari, xmarebisagan daferi-li, Talxi feris Coxa, samxreebidan gadmomzirali yazaxTa oficris formis sirmis brWyviala epolete-biani, samasreze mikerebuli wminda giorgis jvari,

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minanqriT mooWvili. CamoTvlili nivTebis nakrebiT avtori aiZulebs mkiTxvels mometebuli yuradRebiT Caikargos savarZelSi CaZinebuli gmiris saxisme-tyvelebaSi. ZilisaTvis mouxerxebel avejze, savar-ZelSi Tamami Tavaduri poziT gaSlila raindis sxeu-li: `Tavi savarZlis xaverdgadakrul xelsayrdenze Camoedva, qveSidan xelSewyobili, Sav wuRa-mestebSi Casxletili fexebi sazurgeze Seesrola gadajva-redinebulad. axalgazrda qera saxe dalewili uCan-da, zogan naoWebs daesera, zogan kidev Wrilobis CaRrmavebul zolebs, romelTagan erTi marcxena loyaze ajda iribad~. sanam gmiris saxels gagvacnobs leo qiaCeli, manamde mZinare saxismetyvelebiTi portretiT mis daZabuli Sinagani sulierebisaken migvapyrobinebs yuradRebas: `... saxeze raRac Rrma wuxilis landebi mimourbodnen... cxviris nestoebi moxSirebuli sunTqvisagan ufeTqavdnen...~

Sindisfer kaniviT Semokrul axaluxSi, welis naskvs ori TiTi Semowvdeboda... es ujuS emxas sxeulia _ mefis daSlili jaris oficeri, Stabs-rotmistri CerqezTa razmis afxazuri aseulisa, avstriis frontze nabrZoli ZiZiSvilis, haki aZbas, daxmarebiT wiTlebis ieriSebis Smag navards gamo-qceoda, `sicocxlis garda, ori ram ganZi Camohy-oloda, romlebsac sicocxleze ufro afasebda da ufrTxildeboda. es iyo siyrmidanve misi saocnebo oficris epoletebi da wm. giorgis oqros ordeni.~

SiSis landebis uCinari daRi ZilSi awvalebs ujuSs. vaJkacuri sxeulis qvecnobierSi CamZvrali SiSi aborgebs cxelebaSeyril arss da masTan Tanacx-

ovrebaSi ZilSiac ver myofobs. ZilSi gamoxatuli SiSi aSinebs mis amxanagebs. aq varTo, anugeSebdnen, saxeliT mimarTavdnen, magram axlo, misvlas sak-virvel mZinaresTan da xelis mokidebas ver bedavd-nen. roca SiSma ujuSis qvecnobieridan, sinaTlis sx-ivis uswrafesad, TvalebSi gadmoinacvla, mowiTalo, mwvane, araamqveyniuri Suqis cialiT SeSinebulebma maTac ukan daixies Zalauneburad. `es iyo SiSi, rom-lis msgavsi arc erT iq myofTagans moCvenebiTac ki arasodes moCvenebiaT~.

iseTi ostatobiT aRwers leo qiaCeli qvecno-bieridan amotyorcnil SiSs cnobierSi, rom wamier munkis ferweruli tilo _ `kivili~ warmogidgeba. SiSis wamier gamosaxulebaze gamaognebeli, albaT, araferia, es dainaxes swored ujuSis amxanagebma.

gonsmosulma ujuSma maleve icno megobrebi da bavSvurma Rimilma gauciala saxeze. Rimilma isin-ic gaaxara. `amisTana ra mogeCvena, ujuS, rom ase SegvaSine, dawynardi, Se kaco, araferia, bolSevike-bi CvenSi jer kidev ar arian. _ me ki swored isini momeCvenen... TiTqos... gemiT movidnen~... Semdeg gair-inda, etyoboda, sizmarSi gancdili SiSisTvis Tavi ver daeRwia, _ mere hakic ikiTxa, xom ar mosulao.

sayviris uCveulo xmam da `marseliozas~ melo-diam aRfrTovanebis Jruanteli kidiT kidemde mi-moabnies. oTaxSi myofni umal fanjaras miscvivd-nen, ujuSi ki Tavis adgilze darCa. misi sizmari amxanagebma realobaSi dainaxes fanjridan, magram dajereba gauWirdaT. maT ujuSs sTxoves: `modi aq, Tu Zma xar, iqneba ufro gamoarkvio, ra kreiseria

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Cvenken rom uSvelebeli zarbaznebi mouRerebia.~ujuSma daapira adgoma, magram tans ver moeria,

farTod gaRebuli Tvalebis orive guga Tavis Seun-Zrevlad wina kedlisken moatriala, niSanSi amoRe-bul wertils miapyro, tuCebi aucaxcaxda, daeWim-nen, rogorc sizmarSi da ucnauri CaSiSinebiT haer-Si moxazes `Smidti~. emxas Tvalebi oTaxis miRma iyureboda.

ujuSis sizmarSi aRbeWdil winaTgrZnobas da SiSs misi amxanagebic eziarnen, magram bolomde mainc ver gaacnobieres kreiseris qalaqSi Semosvla da SiSi daswames. ̀ savarZlidan saxeSekruli wamodga, sul sxva TvalebiT gaxeda amxanagebs da Sekavebuli yivilis msgavsi xmiT mimarTa: `me da SiSi erTmaneTs ar vicnobT, visac ar sjera, SeuZlia gamomcados~.

ujuSis rainduli buneba TancxovrebaSi ver myofobs missave qvecnobierSi daleqil SiSTan da amxanagebis SefasebasTan, amitomac mihyveba marTali ambis gasagebad mimaval megobrebs, Tan `dalbile-buli xmiT bodiSisnairad~ ganucxadebs: `_ Tumca ra giTxraT, iciT: aravis ar SeSvenis Tqvas vaJkaci varo, da am SemTxvevaSi, SeiZleba Tqven xarT mar-Tali, wavideT! mec mogyvebiT, vnaxoT ra ambavia~...

mwerali SeniSnavs, rom xmis kiloze mainc etyo-boda, rom Tavs Seuracxyofilad grZnobda da Tavisi winandeli gamomwvevi sityvebis gamarTleba gulSi edo.~

rainduli zambara daWimulia SiSis winaaRmdeg.

SiSi – spiraliseburad datrialebuli cecxlis ali qalaqSi

palmebis rigis gaswvriv kreiseris mezRvaurma _ vasil xaritaniukma fardulidan Tvali mohkra maRal da ganier mxrebze brWyviala epoletebs da mis Tvalebs cofis ali Seukida. man TiTis niSnebiT amxanagebic gamoixmo. erTi ki ifiqra, Tvali xom ar matyuebso, magram miamgvana ra yazxTa oficers, daedevna.

`_ hei, Sesdeq, ufalo oficero!~ _ dauyvira xritaniukma, TavdaWerilad iyav ujuS, albaT Sen ge-Zeben! _ xmadabla gadaulaparakes ujuSs mgeobreb-ma, daifantnen da miimalnen. mezRvauri cxvirwin daudga tanis raRac ucnauri SemkvrivebiT, Tvalebi gaxurebuli SanTebiviT CaurWo. emxa ar SenZreula, man ki klanWebad momarjvebuli TiTebi epoletebSi Caaso da mosaglejad moswia. imave wams revolveri gavarda, gangmiruli rusi mezRvauri piraRma gaiSx-larTa.

revolveris xmam SiSis qari spiraliseburad daa-triala, mitingze daZmobilebuli moqalaqeebi da mezRvaurebi wuTiT ganaba. mwerlis Tvalma umal xalxis wamieri metamorfoza arekla: rogor aCoC-qoldnen sxivis Tavebs mobmuli landebi elvis us-wrafesad da brbod gadaiqcnen. `brbo SeikumSa, Se-quCda da quCis meore mxares duqnebsa da saxlebis kedlebs damfrTxal farasaviT Seefina.~

brbos brma moZraobam gaaogna samson davanaZe, igi qudmoxdili idga da TavisTvis raRacas but-

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butebda. am moZraobam gaaxeva nariq eSbac `farTod TiTebgaSlili marjvena haerSi aemarTa, viTom xan mezRvaurebs afrTxilebda, daicadeT, nurafers mo-qmedebTo, xan ki viTom xalxs raRac gamourkvevel niSans aZlevda, romlis Sinaarsi, albaT, misTvisac gaugebari iyo~. moCvenebas daamgvana SiSma nariq eSba.

gaxevebul samson davanaZes da nariq eSbas yurs mezRvauris qloSiniT naambobSi moxvdeba sityvebi: `yazaxTa oficeri~, `giorgis kavaleri~. samsonma gaigona Tu ara naTqvami, TiTqos saidanRac axali Zala, Rone Seemata, raki gaigo, rac moxda, erTi orad gamoiWima moedanze, moixmo miliciis ufrosic da rixiani strategiac ujuSis Sepyrobisa sityvaSi gadmoRvara.

mitingze gaxevebuli ar darCenila haki (am saxels sizmarSi gancdili SiSiT gaTanguli ujuSi axsenebs sitkboebiT `Cemi haki ar mosula~?) bolSe-vikebis Semosvlis, mitingis gamarTvis ambavi ujuSis ZiZiSvilma, hakim biZamisisas gaigo _ kac aZbasgan soxumSi cnobili dalali).

moTxrobis scenuri Suqi mxolod hakis mihyveba sxvis Tavebs mobmuls ki ara, axla ukve mowyvetil landebs, hakis mTeli afxazeTi icnobda, rogorc emxas ZiZiSvils da mis ganuyrel mxlebels. marTa-lia, igi landiviT dasdevda ujuSs, magram landi ar iyo. haki Rirsebis gverdze mdgomi raindia, monis roliT dakavebuli mwerlis mier. TxzulebaSi igi Tavisi ZiZiSvilis zneobriv Rirebulebebs monuri TanadgomiT erTgulebs.

SiSis spiraliseburad datrialebulma cecx-lis alma xritaniukis gvams delegacia gaayola be-qirbi CaCbas meTaurobiT, romelsac xmis amoRebis unari warTmeoda. masTan erTad damunjebuliyvnen samsonic da nariq eSbac. mrisxane kuzmasTvis au-taneli sayurebeli iyo Clungi pirmoTneobiTa da uazro ceremoniiT mis win damdgari delegacia: `mimifurTxebia me magaTi Tavaduri pranWva-grexvi-saTvis.~ beqirbi CaCbas mZevlad aiyvanen gemze.

samsonis strategiam brbod gadaqceuli xalxi kvlav maT Tavebs mibmul, axla ukve meZebar ZaRle-bad aqcia, romelTac erT saaTSi unda epovaT ujuSi, romelic ar ainteresebT marTali iyo Tu damnaSave.

SiSis yuTSi daZrwis haki, rogorme ZiZiSvils miakvlios. ujuSis dis _ lilis gaSverilma TiTis mimarTulebam samiode naxtomSi ujuSis win daayena. usityvo kiTxva, usityvo TanagrZnoba gakrTa hakis TvalebSi... `axla mTebia Cveni damxsneli~... sxiviv-iT moZraobda, karabiniT xelSi, gezi kac acbas sax-lisken daiWira. gangaSi, yiJina alyasaviT Semorty-moda, xalxis talRis ayrili qoCori dainaxa hakim.

ujuSi da haki kac aZbas ezoSi Secvivdnen, Tavlas gaupirispirdnen. kacis cols SiSma muxlebi mokve-Ta. TavlaSi kari ̀ dajorges~, SerCeul WuWrutanebs miusxdnen iaraRiT. hakis ufro moxerxebulad eCve-neboda dafleTili samosiT xalxSi gareuliyvnen. kacic dainaxes ezoSi Semosuli, dausvtines, magram yiJinis xmebma daaxSo maTi stvena, ver gaagones. colma maTi TavlaSi yofnis ambavi daaxvedra. tyvi-asaviT moxvda ojaxis patrons es ambavi.

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kacis SeSinebuli saxe ar gamohparvia hakis WuWrutanidan. `_ kac, nu geSinia, Sen ar gagxdiT Cveni Wiris ziars~. `Tavlas Tqveni Wiri wauRia~, _ akankalebuli xmiT uTxra kacma. ujuSma Txova kax-is, Touxani myavs dabarebuli da rom movides, ende, momiyvaneo. kacma gulmarTlad, pativiscemiT mi-marTa Semdegi sityviT: `Cveni gazrdili xar, ujuS, valdebuli varT, Sens magier Cven movkvdeT yvela~.

amaRelvebelia deidaSvilebis Sexvedra. Tval-cremlianebi Sexvdnen isini erTmaneTs, karga xans SerCaT gadaWdobili xelebi, gulaCvilebuli mar-Sani tirils Zlivs ikavebda. dumili gagrZelda, ujuSma Tavic imarTla masTan da uTxra: ra meqna, Tavs damesxneno. `Souhari da lili Seipyres, _ wamoigmina Touxanma xelebis gaSliT da Touxanis aridebuli Tvalebi rom dainaxa, emxebs gadaxeda, mere isic gaagebina beqirbi CaCba rom hyavdaT mis magivrad datyvevebuli.~

ujuSma gaigo ra yovelive, Touxans mieWra da sulSexuTulad hkiTxa, _ mere?... siCume Camowva, mcire xnis dumilis Semdeg erT-erTma emxam ujuSs uTxra: beqirbi CaCbas gawirva ar iqnebao da SenTan es sityva dagvabares. esec Tqves, mTeli afxazeTi Caereva am saqmeSi da ujuSs sikvdilisagan ixsniso.

vaJkacuria misi ganacxadi axloblebTan: ̀ mesmis, Zmebo, yvelaferi, dafiqrebac ki pativs amyrida Tqvens TvalSi, saWiro ar aris zedmeti sityva. mzad var, gamovcxadde.

haki simwrisagan daiklakna, raki ujuSis moy-varul adamianebSic ki ver ipova mis gverdiT mdgomi

kaci da miwisferi tuCebidan gamoscra: `kadniere-baa, rom mdabio kaci brwyinvale Tavadebis winaSe sityvis Tqmas bedavs, magram me ar SemiZlia Seni Tavi sikvdils davuTmoo~...

roca sasowarkveTili haki veras gaxda, ver ix-sna ZuZumte, gadawyvita, danaSauli TviTon dae-bralebina da momxvdurT ganucxada: `mezRvauri me movkalio~. is iyo ujuSs unda eyvira haki tyuiso, rom Touxani mTeli Zal-RoniT Seetota, adgilidan daZvris saSualeba mouspo, pirze aefara da sunTqva Seukra.

brbos dakarguli aqvs moqalaqeobrivi Segneba. SiSma pirmetyveli arsi _ adamiani, piriT utyv ucn-aur sxeulad gardaqmna, romelsac azrovnebiTi gaS-eSeba (amalgama) sWirs, aRar awuxebs kacobis gulis duRili. maT gonebaSi arc ibadeba da arc kvdeba si-tyva _ adamianobis gamoxatuleba, yovelive amas sis-woriT xedavs ujuSi, romelsac SiSis perangi aRar acvia ukve karga xania. igi xedavs imasac, rom aRar ar-sebobs sazogado azri da mis kvalobaze adamianTa kre-buli, sazogadoeba. ujuSi _ sxeulisa da sulierebis umSvenieresi naskvi umSvenieresi rxeviT dgams miwi-eri sicocxlis ukanasknel nabijebs: `emxa Tavaweuli miabijebda dinjad da nela. maRali tani sworad eWira. ganieri beWebi odnav rxeviT mihqonda. gemis bans iqiT icqireboda maRla SemarTuli TvalebiT, gaxevebul da umetyvelo saxes mxolod erTi xazis mkrTomareba ucxovelebda, romelic uZravad Tva-lebSi Sefineboda: es iyo naRvliani Rimilis Zlivs SesamCnevi cimcimi, romelic sicocxlis ukanasknel

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dards gamoxatavda, undo SegnebiT daZleuls.~ es moZraoba uvertiuraa cis kidurze garTxmul mow-iTalo sinaTlis krTomasTan SesaerTeblad. mkiTx-veli grZnobs, rom ujuSis vaJkacoba zedroulia da zesivrculi.

ai, ase moaqcia dasaRupavad spiraliseburad da-trialebulma cecxlovanma alma ujuS emxa, magram, sanam es moxdeba, manamde dauRalavad muSaobs yove-live amis aRsawerad leo qiaCelis kalmiT amuSave-buli SiSis funji.

* `SiSis fiTri dafrqveoda Souhars~* ra daemarTa ujuSis das _ lils SiSiT mw-

erali ase gadmogvcems: `mTeli misi uaRresad gak-virvebuli da SeSinebuli arseba im or TvalSi iyo moTavsebuli, romlebic daudegrad rbodnen ucxo adamianebis erTi saxidan meoreze.~

* meZebar ZaRlad gadauqcevia SiSs raJden Toria, mdidari mesakuTre. `is mainc gecodineba, Seni vaJis ZiZiSvili, haki aZba, sad imyofeba, ujuSi uTuod masTan iqneba.~

* ̀ erTi saTis vada yvelas cecxliviT Seekida da Sig tvinSi auvarda.~

* emxas Sesapyrobad saxlisken daZruli yiJina uceb risxviani guguniT moedo.

mwerlis mxatvrulad ametyvelebuli funji migvaniSnebs, rom SiSi iseT urCxulad qceula, rom yvelas TavSi amoizarda, amitomac mosdebia kibos metastaziviT qalaqis yvela kuTxe-kunWuls, ami-tomac dafrinavs Ramuris tanis gabedulebiT mor-alur sibneleSi.

ori adamiani, romelic SiSma ver modrika, aris ujuS emxa da haki aZba. brbo brmaa, amitom isini gan-wirulni arian dasaRupavad. qalaqi SiSis yuTia, yuT-Si moraluri sibnelea, sibneleSi SiSis cecxli spi-raliseburad trialebs, raTa cecxlis alma gaswiros Rirseuli, rom uRirsni gadarCnen. RirebulebebiT arsebobas veRar axerxebs zneobrivi gmiri.

Zneli sayurebelia SouharisTvis, rogor swiravs qalaqi mis Svils dasaRupavad. aseT viTare-baSi fsiqologiurad tydebian, ikuntebian adami-anebi, magram igi saxlSi SeWril milicionerebsa da gabedul SeiaraRebul moqalaqeebs medidurobiT daWerili maRali taniT xvdeba, Cveulebrivi zrdi-lobiT. Souharis mtkice dgoma gansakuTrebuli pa-tiviscemiT msWvalavs mkiTxvels mis mimarT.

ujuSs TanaugrZnobs, misi mdgomareoba did tkivils ayenebs Touxan marSansac. Touxanis crem-li sakuTar uniaTobasac daedineba uTuod.

mkiTxvelisaTvis sasiamovno mosasmenia kacis gulmarTali sityvebi vaJkacis mimarT.

Znelia, Sav-TeTr ferebSi gamijno pirovnebebi am moTxrobaSi. leo qiaCeli aseTi gmirebis dax-atviT migvaniSnebs imaze, rom maT avaliaT pasux-ismgebloba TavianTi sicocxliT, pasuxismgebloba ojaxze, Svilebze, axloblebze, raTa spiralise-burad danTebul cecxlis als miaferflon Tavi-anTi sxeuli. erTgulebis mdinareSi Tavis daxrCoba sasikeTos verafers moitanda, piriqiT, iqneb Sou-haris sicocxle ufro didi gmirobaa.

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grZnobebis ori mdinare moTxrobaSi

moTxrobaSi Savi da TeTri mdinaresaviT erTvis erTmaneTs da erTi kalpotiT miiCqarian Ralatisa da Surisgebis, Rirsebisa da erTgulebis mdinareebi, magram isini ise ganirCevian erTmaneTisagan, rogorc Savi da TeTri aragvi.

Surisgebis Savi mdinaris saTave bocmani kuzma kilgaa, klasobrivi TeoriebiT Tavgamotenili adami-ani da am azrovnebis mona. is iyo Zveli mezRvauri, Smidtis TanamebrZoli, romelsac mefis mTavro-bam amboxebaSi monawileobisaTvis uvado katorRa miusaja. 1917 wlis revoluciis Semdeg isev Tavis saqmes daubrunda da Savi zRvis flotSi TvalsaCi-no adgili daikava. mtrebma mas metsaxelad `mrisx-ane~ Searqves. sabWoTa mTavrobam kreiser Smidtis ufrosoba Caabara.

sakvirveli saxismetyvelebiT kuzma kilgas por-treti viqtor hiugos kvazimodos Camohgavs saxis marcxena naxevriT. `am kacis erT tanze or pirisax-esa da sam Tvals xedavdnen sruliad garkveulad.~ `es iyo Sedegi didi, Rrma, Zlivs Sexorcebuli Wri-lobisa, romlis mowiTalo kvali mTel saxeze gau-dioda iribad, marcxena safeTqlidan dawyebuli, nikapis marjvena kuTxemde. marcxena Tvalis zeda quTuTos erTi naxevari SuaSi gaWril warb qveS CamoTlili hqonda da gaSiSvlebuli, kaklis nawili am adgilas mudam Ria, calke Tvalis STabeWdilebas stovebda meore nawilis gverdiT, romelsac quTu-Tos nagleji SerCenoda... saxis mTeli es kanSemoW-

imuli naxevari uZravi da ucvleli iyo, sul erT-nairi gamometyvelebis mqone, romelic ucvlelad risxvis gamoxatulebas atarebda, winaaRmdeg meore mTeli naxevarisa, romelsac mSvidi Rrma da xan-dazmulobis gonieri ieriT ametyvelebuli Tvali amSvenebda.~

leo qiaCelma, marTlac, maRali profesionaluri mwerluri otatobiT erT portretul saxeSi wyo-bilebiT daitana sabWoTa mmarTveloba, sistemuri mimarTeba movlenebisadmi, adamianebisadmi da sa-zogadod xalxisadmi. kuzma kilga orsaxovani ianu-sia, iseve, rogorc Tavad revolucia. maTi saxis erTi nawili Tanamoazreebisadmi lmobieri, megobruli, xolo meore _ mrisxane, Seubralebeli maTdami, visac igive Segneba ar hqonda. sayuradReboa is momen-tic, rom mweralma saSiSi, amazrzeni kvazis gamome-tyvelebis naxevari, saxis marcxena mxares ganaTavsa, rac zedmetad dakvirvebul mkiTxvels mianiSnebs daundoblobis saboloo moralur marcxze. kuzma ori kontrastuli xmiT metyvelebs: 1. Semtevi xma, Si-Sis momgvreli da meore saamo boxi _ megobruli xma.

kuzma kilgas saxis `meore mTel naxevars mSvids, Rrmas, gonieri ieriT ametyvelebuls~ mxolod ma-Sin vecnobiT, rodesac is urTierTobaSi Sedis haki aZbasTan. haki TeTri mdinaris erTgulebis saTavea TviT mrisxane bocmanisTvisac ki, radgan igi mas uyurebs rogorc Cagrul adamians, romelic brmad wiravs sicocxles batonisaTvis, romelmac ar icis, rom misi erTguleba da Tavdadeba mxolod rev-luciisTvis aris saWiro. kuzmasTvis gaugebaria,

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ujuSisaTvis Tavdadeba ratom unda iyos hakisTvis wmindaTawminda vali, amaSi glexis brma Tavganwirva amoikiTxa batonisaTvis. rodesac hakim ujuSis da-naSauli daibrala, igi Seecada misTvis aemaRlebina klasobrivi Segneba, radgan hakis klasobrivi sibr-mave sakuTar Seuracxyofad miiRo da gulSi gadaw-yvita, am iSviaT tips axlo gascnoboda, raTa ecada misi `damuSaveba~.

kuzmas survilia, rogorme gaagebinos hakis, rom ujuSi misi mteria. hakisac, Tavis mxriv, unda dauamxanagdes mas da emliqvneleba ndobis mosapove-blad. ̀ _ me vibrZoleb Sens mxareze, kapitan~... ̀ bevri gyavs mteri kapitan... kargi iqneboda, rom Sens Zalas erTi-ori kaci kidev Semateboda, ufro Zlieri iqne-bodi~. kuzmas maincdamainc ver gaerkvia Tavisi uc-nauri rusuliT risi Tqma surda hakis, magram mainc gamoexmaura: `Sen ki aqamdis Cvens mosisxle mters uWerdi mxars. maSinac ki exmarebodi, roca man erTi mebrZoli amxangi veragulad mogvikla, xolo meore dagviWra. orive SenisTana xalxis, muSebis, glex-ebis TavisuflebisTvis ibrZoda... Cveni mteri Seni mtericaa, es unda icode!...~ `is, vinc Senma Tavadma mohkla, glexi iyo ubralo, mere Sav muSad muSaobda qalaqebSi. Zlivs irCenda Tavs da wvril col-Svils gaWirvebiT kvebavda... ori Svili darCa, romelTagan ufrosi mxolod sami wlis aris~...

ai, am monaTxrobebiT cdilobs kuzma hakis gonebaSi klasobrivi ideologiis naTeli Seita-nos, magram cxadze cxadia, es dialogi ver moqsovs maT Soris urTierTobebis xaliCas, isini erTmaneTis

sulSi ver ixedebian. ukanaskneli pativi miages mezRvaurebma

mgloviare darazmulobiT vasil xritaniukis cxe-dars. hakim gulamoskvniT wamoiyvira... `vahaahaia... vahahaia Zmao!~ mTeli taniT Caikeca, iatakze dae-mxo, saxeze xeli aifara. ̀ tirili ar iqneba,~ _ Caesma kuzmas SeniSvna da manac xma gakmida.

iatakze kuzmas gverdiT Tavqvedamxobil hakis ar SeuniSnavs, rom imave kibiT, romliTac xrita-niukis gvami amoasvena orma revolvermomarjve-bulma mezRvaurma maleve ujuSi amoiyvana da cxe-dris kvaldakval gemis qimisken uxmod gaatara. arc ujuSs daunaxavs kuzmas gverdiT Tavqve damxobili xmagakmendili haki.

zarbazanma zedized Caigruxuna, Tofebmac gaitkrciales, hakim axlaRa aswia Tavi, welSi gaim-arTa, yurTasmena revolveris xmam Seungria da misma Tvalebma aRbeWdes kefaze miyenebuli revolveris lula.

revolveris xmac da ujuS emxac sadRac uf-skrulSi CainTqnen. gamwarebuli haki giJiviT yvi-roda da kbenda mezRvaurebs, kuzmas ki sulierad aujanyda: `kapitan, me Seni mezRvauri ZmasaviT vi-tire, miT Zmoba Semogfice... Sen ki ujuSi momikali. ZaRli yofilxar, kapitan...~ hakis Tvalebi siZulvi-lis cecxlis naperwklebs afrqvevdnen garSemo da piridan dorbli cvioda. kuzmac Sezara misma Ses-axedaobam, saxis uZravi naxevaric ki mouqcia da au-kankalda.

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mezRvaurebma bocmanis brZanebiT xeli SeuSves hakis. is erTi naxtomiT gembanis moajirTan gaCnda. kilgam daigmina, _ Sesdeq! sanam tans moajirze ga-dasaxtomad moimarjvebda, hakim kuzmasken moixeda SeRrinebiT.

`Sen sikvdili gekuTvnis Cemgan! _ SesZaxa kuzmam da imav wams revolveric gavarda. Sublgangmiruli haki iatakze gaiSxlarTa, wamiT siCume Camovarda. _ `sul erTia, es mona adamianad mainc ar gamodgebo-da, aiReT, gadaagdeT~, _ mSvidi xmiT Tqva kuzmam.

poseidonis ZlierebiT SiSis qars beravs cxviri-dan kuzma kilga. am qaris mimarTulebiT haki manamde moZraobs, sanam ujuSi cocxalia, magram mas Semdeg, rac ZiZiSvili ufskrulSi CainTqa, igi am qaris sa-pirispiro mimarTulebiT ibrZvis.

ZuZumteebis sxeulebs erTi moraluri guli amuSavebda, amitomacaa, rom ujuSis sikvdilis Sem-deg haki siZulvils afrqvevs piridan dorbli cviva da cxovelurad Rrens.

kuzmas yelSi Surisgebis burTs beravs uSiSari adamianis gamoCena, arsad gamokrTeba misi brazi im garemoebaze, rom misi sami mezRvauri daamarcxa mx-olod erTma oficerma. aSkaraa, SurisZiebis boRma ganpirobebulia imiT, rom SiSis mikrobma mis sxeul-Si SeaRwia. xorciT mamaci kapitnisTvis autanelia ujuSis vaJkacoba, miTumetes, rom igi Tavadia. SiSis frqveva kuzmas fantomuri sakuTrebaa, mas veravis dauTmobs.

socialuri mdgomareobiT gaTamamebuli vasil xritaniuki revoluciis Sedegad aRzevebuli axali mbrZanebelia, romelic miemowmeba da miemgvaneba kuzma kilgas saxis marcxena nawils. damcinavi mi-marTva aweuli xmiT ̀ ufalo oficero~, siZulviliT anTebuli Tvalebi, klanWebad qceuli TiTebi if-erfleba ujuSis Rirsebis winaSe, uferulad.

saTauri _ moTxrobis karibWe

ujuS emxa TxzulebaSi raindobis etalonia, is centraluri personaJia moTxrobaSi, radgan movle-naTa ganviTarebis xdomilebebSi mxolod igi moeq-ca Ralatsa da Surisgebas Soris. mkiTxvels metad mgrZnobiare mimarTeba aqvs misadmi, iqneb rogorme gadarCes qalaqSi Rirsebis erTaderTi cocxali magaliTi am SiSiT Tmebdavarcxnil sazogadoebaSi, ujuSis fizikuri gadarCenis gza kidevac gamoCnda, haki miliciis ufross ganucxadebs, me var mkvle-lio, Touxani ujuSs mTeli Zal-RoniT Seetota, roca adgilidan morRveva daapira, man mxolod saSineli damuqrebiT wamoyvireba moaswro ZiZiSvi-lis saxelisa. umal xuTiode Tavadis xelisguli aefara pirze, viwrod Sekres wre mis irgvliv, Tan eubnebian: `kargad iqceva, ZiZiSvili rom aris, Tav-ic unda gaswiros SenTvis~, `erTi glexi SenisTana Tavads rom Seewiros, ra didi ambavia, bolSevikebi batrakad CaTvlian, iqneb arc daxvriton... kbilebis RrWialiT hakic muqariT cdilobs gaaCeros uju-Si, magram naTesavebs xelidan dasxletili raindi

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wardgeba miliciis ufrosis da qalaqis Tavis winaSe: `aq var mezRvaurebis namdvili mkvleli da gnebdeb-iT. gTxovT, axlave gaaTavisufloT beqirbi CaCba da dedaCemi!~

Rirsebis dRisa da Ramis gzagasayarze wamiT ar Seyovnebula ujuSi, metad tragikuli sayurebelia axlobel TavadTa gabrZoleba ZiZiSvilis msxver-plSewirviT gadaarCinon raindi, isini ver xvdebian, rom ujuSis moraluri mkvlelebi xdebian amiT. Tav-adebis saqcieli instinqturia, maT Segonebebs ki xav-sis Zlierebac ara aqvs misTvis.

erTaderTi adamiani, romelic ujuSis gver-dze dgas fizikuri da moraluri TavganwirulebiT, aris haki. mkiTxveli, romelsac ramdenjerme aqvs wakiTxuli Txzuleba da, ra Tqma unda, icis, rogor mTavrdeba, hakis gamoCenisas siCqares umatebs kiTx-visas, amasTanave, ucnauria, mainc giCndeba patara imedi, iqneb rogorme gadarCes ujuSi, TiTqmis ha-kis emgvanebi _ mkiTxveli SiSis yuTSi isev borgav, rogorc haki. mokled rom vTqvaT, haki mkiTxvelSi hipostasirdeba.

da mainc, ratom daarqva hakis saxeli moTrobas, roca ujuSi gacilebiT ufro gulis gulSi hyavs mkiTxvels?

ujuSis saxeSi leo qiaCeli inaxavs istoriul da sulier sinamdviles. man Tavisi pirovnuli da mo-qalaqeobrivi Rirsebis dasacavad mokla moZalde, magram amaSi garkvevis msurveli aravinaa, aravis ain-teresebs vinaa mtyuani da vin _ marTali. Rirsebis ma-tarebeli adamianebi sabWoTa sinamdvileSi ibadebod-

nen, magram sapatimroSi eqceodnen, sadac umravle-soba ixoceboda. ar Candnen Rirsebis gverdze mdgom-ni, SiSis yuTis damsxvreva ki mxolod maT simravles SeeZlo.

es moTxroba SiSis winaaRmdeg, SiSis gasan-adgureblad dawerili moTxrobaa, amitomac sikvdi-li, Tavis mxriv, aris metafora daskvnisa. sikvdili gaTavisuflebaa autaneli yofisagan, jojoxeTi aris ReWva erTi da imavesi, anu SeuZlebeli sikvdi-li _ SiSi.

leo qiaCeli moTxrobaSi yovelives agviwers imisTvis, rom dainaxos is, rasac xedavs. ras xedavs mwerali? mwerali xedavs, rom Rirsebis gadarCena TanadgomaSia, rom erTi hakisnairi Tanamdgomi fizi-kurad ver gadaarCens, magram moralurad Rirsebis mzes ufro aakaSkaSebs.

hakis SiSi ver moereoda imitom, rom nakvTiani, xmeli, sworad sxmuli tani aqvs, mardi da moqni-li katasaviT. Tmebi SiSisagan yalyze ar Seudgeba, imitom rom zamTar-zafxul Tmebgadaparsuli iyo. brbos sibrmavisTvis miuSveria kupriviT Savi wver-ulvaSiT damSvenebuli saxe, Savi Camowolili warbe-biT, laparakis dros morigeobiT rom izniqebodnen da aCendnen budeebSi Rrmad Camsxdar patara Tva-lebs, sagnebs isariviT rom erWobodnen. sicocx-lis aseT tans SeuZlia moqalaqeobrivi azrovneba da qceva, ase swams mwerals Tavad, amitom warmogvidgina aseTi portretuli sxmulobiT... magram igive tani, ZiZiSvilis erTgulebis aRtkinebiT ukve Caferfli-

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li klasobrivi TeoriebiT ganaTlebulTaTvis, monaa, romelic adamianad ar gamodgeboda. mwerali iZule-buli iyo moTxroba ise daewera, rom nawarmoebSi mziral bolSevikur Tvals Tavisi saamebeli daskvna am personaJze gaeWenebina masebSi.

TavisTavad hakis upirobo erTgulebam uju-Sisadmi garkveulwilad SeiZleba antipatiuri Rrubelic warmoSvas. davuSvaT, ujuSi Tavad rom yofiliyo moZalade, haki xom mas mainc uerTguleb-da? hakis mamis sityvebi: `sicocxle imitom mogeci, rom ujuSs Seswiro, roca amis saWiroeba dadge-ba.~ mamisagan dakisrebuli calmxrivi movaleoba garkveulwilad pativs hyris mas. mwerals yovelive es moTxrobisaTvis gadasarCen mwvane Suqad sWird-eboda cenzoris xelSi.

ujuSs _ Rirsebis damcvels, gverdiT mdgomi ha-eriviT sWirdeba. gverdiT mdgomi misi imedia, imedi ki lomis Zalasa da vefxvis Seupovrobas matebda, ami-tomac ukioda xan xmamaRla, xan Cumad SeWirvebuli. `sikvdilze ufro mware iyo uimedobis grZnoba~ imedi _ uerTgulesi adamiani mxolod erTi. hakis erTader-Toba fermkrTali miniSnebaa imaze, rom haki RmerTis ZlierebiT myofobs ujuSis fsiqikaSi. ujuSis irgv-liv sibneleSi erTaderTi hakia mze. ujuSs avTandi-lis piriT SeeZlo eTqva: `... he, mzeo, vin xatad gTqves mzianisa Ramisad.~

mziani Ramis erTaderTobis SinaarsiT dadis haki _ Rirsebis damcveli.

moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli saTaurSi aqvs mi-

tanili avtors xiluli da uxilavi ZafebiT. haki xi-luli ZafiT monaa, uxilaviT ki _ RmerTi. mTavari isaa, ra xels ukavia Txzulebis kaleidoskopi: kla-sobrivi TeoriebiT gamotenili tvini aqvs, Tu ZiZiS-vilobis tradiciebiT gamsWvaluli suliereba, SiSis varayebian realobaSi konformistulad sunTqavs, Tu amboxi aqvs SiSis winaaRmdeg. maSasadame, imis mixed-viT, rogori vinaobiT azrovnebs mkiTxvelis tvini.

ufro mwvaved rom vTqva, misi vinaoba romeli ti-nis kldeze urtyams Tavs. fokusi raze SeuZlia da amasTanave, raze surs gaasworos. SevniSnav, rom Ses-aZlebloba da survili erTmaneTs unda emTxveodes. survili ki imis mixedviT ibadeba realobis winaSe (romelic mudam sikvdilis enaze elaparakeba adami-ans) mis xorciel mgrZnobiare kans, rogori emociuri tyapuWi faravs.

oqtavis srulyofilebiT xmianobs oTxive smena-dobis mkiTxvelisaTvis es moTxroba, oTxive SemTx-vevisaTvis sruliad gansxvavebuli melodiiT. amis kvalobaze kaleidoskopuri xaliCac, moTxrobaSi danaxuli, oTx naxatze swordeba srulyofilebiT. amitomacaa, rom moTxrobis zedmetad dakvivrebul mkiTxvels surs aRmoaCinos detalebs Sefarebuli mwerali.

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sityvas Sefarebuli mwerali

futkris xaverdovani sityvis sxeuliT dafri-navs mwerali, TiTqos mweriviT uRono, SeumCneveli, zogierT personaJs Taflian sityvas aTqmevinebs, zogs neqtravs SeumCnevlad, magram ise, rom misi awonili sityvis zuzuni gamokveTilad sxvadasxva msoflaRqmis mkiTxvels yurSi ar SeeCxiros.

frTxilad, magram mainc exCireba mkiTxvels sam-•son davanaZesTan mimarTebaSi gamoyenebuli si-tyvebi, `pirdaubanelma qalaqis sabWos miaSura~, `qSeniT moalajebda~, `aimriza qalaqis Tavi~, `... davanaZis Wkuamaxvilobis da alRos maCvenebel-ic iyo~ (ironiuli elferi aqvs am sityvebs). `... kiserwagrZelebulebi qvemodan Sescqerodnen •ufrosis sidinjiT maTken mimaval sakvirvele-bas. (sakvirvelebaSi igulisxmeba kuzma kilga, kiserwagrZelebulebSi _ nariq eSba da samson davanaZe). `xritaniukis Tvalebs • cofis ali Seukides mima-val emxas oficris epoletebma. ... mitingi Seirxa, mere • yurebdacqvetili gainaba, garindda.

sityva yurebdacqvetili, kurdRlis epiTetia. e. i. amden xalxs erTad kurdReliviT SeSinebia. `brbo SeikumSa, SequCda• ... damfrTxal farasaviT Seefina~.

mkiTxvels unda ainteresebdes simpaTia-antipaTi-is sefe sanTeli sityvisa, ra detalebs Seafara

avtorma, rom mis bilikze iaros Seucdomlad, TviTon leo qiaCeli, albaT, miRma qveyanSic kvlav elodeba Tavisi moTxrobis Seucdomel mkiTxvels. rva aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi ukve Caiares kla-

sobriv brZolebSi CarTulebma, Caiares tradicie-bSi CarTulebma, Caiares SiSTan konformizmSi CarTulebmac; samive tipis mkiTxveli movlenebs mx-olod Sav-TeTri ferebiT xedavda, personaJebsac or svetSi mijnavda _ damnaSveebad da udanaSauloe-bad.

`haki aZbas~ WeSmariti mkiTxvelis molodin-Sia avtori, avtori, romelsac sulieri amboxi amoZravebda SiSis winaaRmdeg, amitomac daamSvena saqarTvelos ca SiSis gasanadgureblad haerSi aSve-buli cecxlovani franiT _ moTxrobiT `haki aZba~.

personaJTa galerea

metad aucilebelia gaviazroT, rogori vinao-biT wardgeba mkiTxvelis winaSe moTxrobis saTaur-Si gayvanili avtoris sayvareli gmiri, saTaurSi gauyvaneli, mwerlis aseve sayvareli gmiri _ ujuS emxa, usaxelo, saxeliTa da gvariT gacnobili per-sonaJebi, ujuSis megobarTa wre, TavadTa wre da yvelaze mTavari _ xalxi.

haki _ adamiania, romelsac SeuZlia ujuSis upirobo siyvaruli. upirobo siyvarulis unariT bunebaSi dajildoebulia deda, magram es siyvar-uli sxeulebriv Tavganwirulebamde ver aizideba

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xolme realobaSi mravali mizezis gamo da asevea am moTxrobaSic. hakis, rogorc gamorCeuli persona-Jis, Rirseba-unikaluroba am parametrSia swored saocari da gamaognebeli.

Tavisdauneburad modis kiTxva: ra grZnoba-di wyaro kvebavs hakis fsiqikas, Tavganwirulebis ZarRvi sisxlsavse mCqefarebiT ataros mTeli sic-ocxle, arc erTi wuTis gamotovebiT. upirvelesi wyaro, sazogadod, adamianis ganyenebulad siyvar-uli da meore _ generaciuli bmuloba tradicie-bTan. es sisavse katis moqnilobiT atarebinebs sx-eulTan erTad moralsac. naklebsakvirvelia katis moqniloba sxeulSi, magram gansacvifrebeli fsiq-ikaSi. ujuSisadmi TanagrZnoba brwyinvale Tavadeb-is winaSec aTqmevinebs Tavis sityvas. moulodnelia mkiTxvelisTvis hakis mliqvnelobis unari kuzmas-Tan mimarTebaSi, moulodnelia gaafTreba Tavadebis SeCoCqolebul wreSi moqceuli ujuSisadmi: ̀ vficav Sens mzes, ujuS, Cemi xeliT dagklav da mere xorcs ZaRlebs SevaWmev, Tu ar gaCumdi!~...

ujuSi _ am personaJis simaRle imaSi mdgomare-obs, rom man SiSi daamarcxa Tavis arsSi ganfenili RirsebiT. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom igi Tavis TavSi ukmarobis momentsac atarebs. TviTkmar simaRles Tavis TavTan martod darCenili mxolod maSin atarebs, Tu igi hakisTan erTad aris. haki mas imisT-vis ki ar sWirdeba, rom amoefaros, ara, igi hakisT-vis kaSkaSebs, mas hakis TvalebSi datanili Rirsebis anareklis kaSkaSi sWirdeba, Rirsebis instiqtia vi-RacaSi gadadnes moralurad. namdvilad sworia, am

kulturiT unda aaldes Rirseba. gansakuTrebul simpaTias iwvevs ujuSi

ufrosebTan mimarTebaSi, igi bavSviviT Tavdaxril-ia TouxanTan da SouparTan, mxolod maTTan im-arTlebs Tavs: TouxanTan pirispir saubarSi, xolo dedasTan lilis piriT SenaTvalSi. orive misTvis ojaxis marTkuTxedia, amitomac dgas kuTxeSi da Tavisi qcevis marTebulobas mxolod maT uxsnis, xom ukve aSkaraa, rom man sicocxle wago.

ujuSis megobarTa wre _ isini ujuSisadmi mzrunveli da friad keTilad ganwyobili adami-anebi arian. yvelani erTad SeSinebulebi adevneben Tvals koSmaruli sizmrebiT gatanjul megobars, mxolod guliT TanamgrZnobi miuxvdeboda mizezs aseTi sizmrebisas: ̀ ujuSs didi SiSi aqvs gamovlili bolSevikebis wyalobiT, albaT, es SiSi jer kidev gulSi CarCenia da amitom eCveneba, Torem saidan sadao? yvelani erTad midian quCaSi imisTvis, rom ujuSs marTali ambavi moutanon, megobrebs Tan gayolil ujuSs viRac uknidan dauZaxebs: `Sesdeq, ufalo oficero~, xuTive Coxianis am winadadebaze sinqronuli moZraobiT erTi kaciviT Semotrialeba adasturebs maT pativiscemas ujuSis mimarT. sanam uCumrad Tvals miefarebodnen, damrigebluri sity-vac daugdes: `TavdaWerilad iyav, ujuS, albaT Sen geZeben!~.

TavadTa jgufi _ Tavadebi gabedulebas iCenen metad kritikul situaciaSi, undaT ujuSis sxeu-li gadaumalon sikvdilis dasjis JiniT avsebul Tvalebs. maTi Rirseuli saqcieli ujuSis garSemo

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SeCoCqolebuli dgomaa. xalxi _ yvelaze didi damnaSavea nawarmoebSi.

marTalia, brali yvelas miuZRvis SiSis spiralise-burad datrialebul cecxlis alSi, magram konk-retuli damnaSave aravinaa, brali aravis edeba. moxda swored ise, rogorc nariq eSbam gaTvala. pasuxismgeblobis tvirTi misma gonivrulma bolSe-vikurma saqcielma, sityvam, qmedebam aqcia udana-Saulo damnaSaveebad.

xalxis danaSauli mis miamitobaSia, miamitoba ki SiSma Tavis filtvebad gamoiyena da poseidonze didi ZlierebiT dahbera qalaqs (kuzma verafers uzamda, xalxma ki uqna).

SiSis baciliT daavadebuli xalxi marTvadia, SeTanxmebulad moZraobs, raTa realobis morgebis jaWvSi Tavi fizikurad gadairCios, cecxli Rirseb-isa erT arsSi TavisTvis iwvis, mis moralur kaSkaSs xalxi verc amCnevs, am kaSkaSs pativs scems mxolod Touxani, xuTiode Tavadi, es kaSkaSi ki mxolod hak-isTvisaa sicocxlis aucilebeli piroba.

mitingze Sekrebili xalxi revolveris xmaze srul ususurebaSi vardeba da kurdRels miemgvane-ba: `revolveris pirveli xmis gagonebaze mitingi Seirxa, Semdeg yurebdacqvetili gainaba, garindda. Semdegi srolis xma TiTqos arc ki gaugoniao, isev uZravi da sulganabuli darCa.~

Smidtis guSagebi

soxumis delegatebma, samson davanaZem da nariq eSbam, motoriani navidan SeaTvalieres samxedro gemi. gaukvirdaT, rom gemze kacTagani ver SeniSnes mxolod miaxloebisas, karga dakvirvebis Semdeg gaarCies `zarbaznebis yelebsa da safexurebs Soris mimaluli ori guSagis uZravi siluetebis nakvTebi, romlebic pirvelad zarbaznis brinjaos nawilebi egonaT~.

pirveli guSagi _ rkinisferi profiliT dgas zarbaznebis erT mxares.

meore guSagi _ zarbaznebis meore mxares idga misi mxolod ori nakvTi, moCanda zarbaznebis yels zemodan Sublwamoxuruli saxe Sav RrublebSi Cam-sxdari TvalebiT. uCinari tanis gverdis xazze mar-jvena barZayis TavTan mimagrebuli kunTebdaWimuli mklavi da muSti, romlebic Tofis kondaxs muxru-WiviT Semokvrodnen. orive guSagi laris sisworiT dascqeroda navSi msxdomT.

guSagTa statikuri figurebi zemoqmedebs del-egatebze `maT saxeze gansakuTrebuli usityvo gak-virveba gamoiwvia, romelSiac gemis moulodneli disciplinisadmi morideba da SiSi ixateboda da faruli eWvic.~

guSagebis tani maTSi ganTavsebuli iaraRis mar-Tvadi nawilia da meti araferi, es Trgunavs, acvi-frebs, aSinebs adamians.

suraTis uZrav gamosaxulebad qceul guSagebs Semdeg Caenacvleba TiTqos kinokameris obieqtivSi

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moxvedrili, axla ukve sxva mezRvauris, tanis moZ-ravi nawili. ̀ ar gasula xani, rom kibeze Sarvalgad-moSvebuli ori Ceqma amoZravda erTi-meoris swrafi cvliT da navis pirdapir safexurze orive erTad Sedga~. sayuradReboa, rom mkiTxvels namdvilad uqm-nis sazogadod Ceqmis abstraqtul ganwyobilebas. ganwyobilebas, romliTac mTeli msoflio icnobs im ers, romlis Svilic iyo es mezRvauri.

mwerali gamorCeuli xelweriT warmogvidgens, moZravi Ceqmebi rogori saxismetyvelebis adami-ans mohyavda moZraobaSi. mas gulamoRebuli xa-laTi ecva, welze farTo qamari ertya, romelSic nagani CaerWo. mzisgan damwvari, Zvlebamoburculi qosa saxe aqvs, Seupovrobis ieri rom gadahkravs, gul-mkerdi mTlianad datatuirebuli _ namgali da CaquCi ajda erTmaneTs gadaWdobili. mas katis si-mardiTac SeuZlia moZraoba. qalaqSi afrialebuli wiTeli revoluciuri droSebi mezRvaurSi badebs survils gemTan misul delegacias laRad Sexvdes, marTalia, eWvis Tvals mainc gadaubrialebs, magram vasil xritaniuks gaecnoba da megobrebis Serqmeul zedmet saxelsac aswavlis.

leo qiaCelis yoveli portretuli Strixi va-sil xritaniukis warmosadgenad gamoyenebuli Ri-rebulebas kargavs maSin, roca kuzma kilga ase udi-erad mimarTavs mas: `_ Sen rad Rrialeb agre, xri-taniuk, batistvino!~

samson davanaZe _ erT-erTi realuri damna-Savea maT Soris, romelTac Sves xalxi kurdRlis

instiqtebiT. samsoni Tavadaa SiSis qvabi, mas simaRle, zor-

ba tani ver Svelis, SiSs patara gabedulebiT mainc dauxvdes. magram logikas iyenebs, roca Segrovil moqalaqeebs arwmunebs TavianTi SiSis axirebulobaSi da etyvis: gemi, imitom aris gemi, rom zRvaSi mimo-diodes, maS, xmeleTze xom ver ivliso. mas SiSTan mi-axlovebac ki travmas ayenebs. etyoba, amitomac gad-awyvita, Tu gangaSi tyuili aRmoCndeboda, sastikad daetuqsa isini, vinc xalxSi Wors avrcelebda da SfoTs iwvevda. samson davanaZis literaturul por-trets wiTeli wveric amSvenebs mkerdze dafenili, amiT mwerali uTuod xazs usvams mis cxovrebiseul gamocdilebas, magram yvela gamocdileba sakuTari mdgomareobis SenarCunebisTvis sWirdeba. monaxavs Tu ara Seqmnil mdgomareobaSi gadarCenis viwro biliks, umal sixarulisagan wamoiZaxebs `evrika!~... iqneb aseTi Sinagani bunebis gamo mis wvers antipa-tiuri wiTeli feri amitom aqvs?

revolveris xmam mitingis msvlelobisas samso-nis gadarCenis bilikebi wamSi daangria. `mitingis dacarielebul adgilze ramdenime kaci darCenil-iyo, romelTac ar icodnen, rogor moqceuliyvnen, an saiT wasuliyvnen, maT Soris zorba tani ganir-Ceoda mkerdze dafenili wveriT. igi qudmoxdili idga erT adgilas da TavisTvis raRacas butbutebda gaugebars, moCvenebas rasme damsgavseboda.~ sayura-dReboa, am momentSi mwerali aRar axsenebs wveris fers, wiTeli eSmakobis Tavi aRar aqvs mis eSmako-bas albaT da amitom tanic uxerxemlo dgomiTaa,

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kacobis qudic aRar amSvenebs, yoCaRi molaparake mxolod gaugebar butbuts axerxebs... da yvela ni-WierebiT gamoclili moCvenebas emsgavseba. samsoni moCvenebas mxolod ramdensame xans hgavs, razmis ufrosTan moxmobili mezRvauris qloSiniT naamo-bi `samson davanaZis yurebmac~ zedmiwevniT mois-mines (avtoris es gamonaTqvami metad familarulia mTel qalaqze mzrunvel adamianze. aq da sxvaganac igrZnoba mwerliseuli antipatia) da axali ZaliT, RoniT ivseba misi arseba. raki Seityo momxdari am-bavi, isic gaigo, vin iyo, man ukve icoda, rogor unda emoqmedna da axla ukve `erTiorad gamoiWima moedanze~. miliciis ufrosi moixmo TanaSemweebiT, sastiki brZanebebi gasca, raTa oficeri emxa aR-moeCinaT da cocxali miegvaraT misTvis. mere yove-live mgrgvinavi xmiT rusuladac Tqva, mezRvaurebs rom gaegonaT.

TvalSisacemia samson davanaZis msaxioburi niWi-ereba, ironiulad rom vTqva, kacuri simaRle, roca didi rixiT miva ujuSTan, pativiscemis niSnad qudis moxdiT aZlevs salams. ironiulia TviT avtori mis mimarT, roca saWiro dros kvlav qudiT wardgeba uiaraRo ujuSis win da friad gulSiCamwvdom si-tyvebs eubneba: ̀ Zalian vwuxvar, Tavado, rom es metad sawyeni saqme SegemxTvaT da Cvenc iZulebulebi varT, sastiki aucieblobis winaSe qedi movixaroT. darwmu-nebuli iyaviT, rac gagviva, cdas ar davaklebT, rom mdgomareoba SegimsubuqoT~. TanagrZnobis gamomx-atveli saxe, romelsac uCvenebs ujuSs da mis axlo naTesavebs, sruliad gansxvavebuli msoflaRqmas

mkiTxvelisaTvis erTnairad amazrzenia. samsonis, rogorc Rirsebis zrdilobiani kaciWamiis, saxe am epizodSi SiSvldeba srulyofilad.

Tavad Rirsebis kaciWamia ver egueba da xasiaTs ufuWebs samsons vasil xritaniukis damcinavi mz-era, familarulad xelis waTaTuneba.

raJden Toria _ raJden Torias moTxrobis pirvelive TavSi gvacnobs avtori.

sagulisxmoa, rom mwerali mas gvacnobs, rogorc binoklis mepatrones. am sagans _ binokls raJdeni gasarTobad ar daumegobrdeboda, mas uTuod SiSis gancda awuxebda. SoriT Wvreta prevencia iyo SiSis-gan Tavdasacavad. samsonsac sayuradRebo sityvebs CasCurCulebs `_ mogexseneba sifrTxiles Tavi ar stkivao~, aSkaraa, rom arc TviT samsonTan yurSi SemZvrali megobroba araa ubralo SemTxveviToba.

raJden Toria, mdidari mesakuTre, soxumis gav-leniani mkvidrTagania, upartioa, magram sagangebod iwveven krebaze. ̀ _ Cven ubralo xalxi am angariSebSi ar vereviT, es Cveni saqme ar aris, _ ambobs krebaze sityviT gamosuli raJdeni. es diplomatiuri Tav-mdabloba da gasrolis saSiSroeba mTel darbazs misi azrebis Tanamoziared xdis.

raJden Torias pirovnebisadmi pativiscemas sruliad kargavs mkiTxveli, roca ujuSis dedas usindiso kiTxvas usvams: `is mainc gecodineba, Seni vaJis ZiZiSvili, haki aZba, sad imyofeba, uju-Si uTuod masTan iqneba.~ Souharis saubris kilom

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`Tavxed vaWars agrZnobina, Cemi pasuxis Rirsi ar xar, magram axla sxva gza ar maqvso~, sayuradReboa, rom l. qiaCelma sityva, Tavxedi sakuTari xeliT esrola raJdens.

raJdeni SesaniSnavad flobs obieqtur real-obasTan mynobis niWierebas, rasac avtori mikrosko-puli xedvis unariT amCnevs, magram aseve mikrosko-pulad namdvilad ar agviwers.

raa sagulisxmo am personaJSi

mdidari adamiani yvelaze mSiSaraa. mas SiSi maSi-•nac ki awuxebs, roca is arsadaa. amis mixedviT irCevs amxanags, sayvarel nivTs. mdidar adamians saWiro dros aqvs xalxTan yof-•nisa da masze zrunvis survili, magram saWiro dros ver udgas patronad Rirsebas.

nariq eSba _ muSaTa, glexTa, jariskacTa deputatebis sabWos Tavmjdomare, samson davanaZis kargi megobari, revolucioneri nacimbirali. afx-azTa Soris yvelaze ufro windaxeduli, Wkviani da moqmedi kaci iyo. mas mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego ganw-yobilebas swamebdnen, miiCnevdnen ruseTis momxred. sabWo, romelsac igi Tavmjdomareobda, TiTqmis ar moqmedebda. am organizaciis movaleobad isic iT-vleboda, rom drogamoSvebiT, roca viTareba da-iZabeboda, momentis Sesaferis rezolucias miaRe-binebdnen da gazeTSi gamoacxadebdnen.

samson davanaZem, mZime wuTebSi Tavisi amxanagi nariq eSba rom gaixsena, `wveris daferTxviT Tavis Tavs mixvedra mouwona~ da sixaruliT SesZaxa: `evr-ika!~

nariq eSbas kritikul situaciaSi lavirebis un-ari friad moswons samson davanaZes da SuriTac ki avsebs misadmi imis gamo, rom man ucbad ipovna mox-erxebuli gamosavali. Tavis TavTan martod dar-Cenili qalaqis Tavi daaskvnis: `afxazebi bunebiT diplomatebi arian, kidev majoba, mgoni WkuaSi~. sinamdvileSi nariq eSbas es niWiereba SeTvisebuli hqonda bolSevikebisagan: pasuxismgeblobis tvirTi gaenawilebina ise, rom brali yvelas da amave dros aravis dasdeboda.

nariq eSbas Znelad SesaCnevi niWiereba daunax-avi darCa TviT samsonsac, deklaraciis kiTxvisas krebaze. mis eSmakobas Cadarajebuli yuradRebiT agviwers Tavad avtori. sayuradReboa, igi bolo gamomsvlelia. beqirbi CaCbas mimarTvam isini mosa-lodneli saSiSroebis win daayena, raJden Torias rCevam moqmedebis gzaze miuTiTa, nariq eSbam ki iseT sityvier labirinTSi gaaxvia garkveuli, azris danaxva SeuZlebeli iyo. misi ̀ daskvna windaxedulad iyo mozomili da avtors yovelgvar eWvs gareSe ay-enebda, ragind TvalsazrisiT gagesinjaT igi.~ yvela revoluciis mxareze am bilikiT gaiyvana.

nariq eSbas virtuozuloba imaSi mdgomareobs, rom misTvis mTavari is ki ar aris, ras gagebinebs kre-bis monawileebs, aramed is, Tu ras afiqrebinebs maT.

vasil xritaniukTan saubarSi nirwamxdar sam-

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sons yoCaRad Seenacvleba nariq eSba. misma sidin-jem, gamarTulma rusulma metyvelebam gaakvirva mezRvaurebi, amitomac misi Zmuri salami da mit-ingze miwveva pativad miiRes.

marTlac, marjve sityvis, qcevis nariq eSbas az-rovnebiTi gaSeSeba _ amalgama, emarTeba mitingis msvlelobisas revolveris xmaze. leo qiaCelma am personaJTan mimarTebaSi mkiTxvels agrZnobina, SiSs rogor SeuZlia pirovnebis yvela SesaZleblobis mo-celva myisier.

beqirbi CaCba _ mxcovani Tavadis, beqirbi CaCbasadmi, mwerali mkiTxvels simpaTiiT ganaw-yobs ara marto misi darbaisluri garegnobis gamo, aramed misi pirswori sityvis da qcevis gamo. maSin, roca kuzma kilga risxvismfrqveveli TvaliT zoma-vda mas, beqirbi aravis amofarebia ̀ qudmoxdili Ses-cqeroda mTeli tanis darbaisluri azrovnebiT da WaRara Tmebis gvirgvinSi Camjdari naTlad gaSlili pirisaxiT~.

kuzmas saSinel, sastik Sesaxedaobas beqirbi CaCbaze zebunebriv ram movlenasaviT emoqmedna, kuzmas tuCebi ise moekuma, TiTqos dausrulebeli zizRisa da siZulvilis furTxs daurideblad mas Sig pirisaxeSi umiznebso. `mimifurTxebia me magaTi pranWva-grexisaTvis~, _ ambobs kuzma, magram beqirbi CaCbas saxismetyvelebas odnavi mwikvliTac ki ver svris mkiTxvelis TvalSi.

mwerlis simpaTia aSkarad ikiTxeba misi misamar-TiT enobrivi salaros daxvewilobaSi.

moTxrobis Rirsebaa, rom Txzulebis Targs amS-veneben personaJebi, romlebic sxvadasxva sociolo-giuri Sreebidan arian warmodgenilni, isini Taname-drveobas naTlis Suqs hfenen, gaerkvnen imis bunebaSi, raSic Tavad monawileoben. esaa swored am moTxrobis maradiuli sicocxlis sawyisi.

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sidiade leo qiaCelisa

1. daujerebelia, magram faqtia SiSis zeobis epoqaSi SiSis winaaRmdeg werT moTxrobas. am qmedebam aTeizmis epoqaSi qiaCis xatTan pirswori sxeuliT wargadginaT da moixadeT kacuri vali simarTlis winaSe.

2. rogorc mweralma zustad icodiT, rom Taname-droveni ver waikiTxavdnen am moTxrobas, radgan ver daCrdilebodnen im wertilebSi, saidanac wamovidoda kiTxvebi, romelTa pasuxebi miaxvedrebdnen mkiTxvels mwerlis `moral storis~.

3. TqvenTvis, rogorc pirovnebisaTvis Zneli sayure-beli iqneboda mdumare masebSi Cawolili piriT utyvi adamiani. es masebi pirmetyveli niWierebiT gaarRvieT am nawarmoebiT Tqven, garRvieT uCinmaCinis sityviT.

4. konstantine lakerbaia _ es saxeli da gvari uTuod moswvda Tqens yurs. igi iyo poruCiki nikoloz emuxvaris amxanagi, romelic masTan erTad msaxurobda polkSi. kon-stantine lakerbaiam Tavad naxa unteroficeri kinoval-Cukis mkvlelobis gamo mezRvaurTa gamxecebulma br-bom rogor akuwa iqve nikoloz emuxvari da saxlSi dab-runebulma im saRamosve moikla Tavi.

konstantine lakerbaia qiqoZeebis ojaxur albomi gaicno sapatriarqos satelevizio arxis mayurebelma Tavis umSvenieres meuRlesTan _ meri ServaSiZesTan er-Tad.

realuri gmiris literaturuli aTinaTi moTxroba-Si ujuS emxas is oTxi amxanagia, sinqronuli moZraobiT rom gvamaxsovreben Tavs. megobrobis, sulieri erTobis realuri ambavi da literaturuli tilos gansxvavebu-lobis mizezi leo qiaCelis filosofiuri gawonaswore-bulobaa, romelsac ulmobeli dro avalebda afTiaqis sasworis sizustiT gaesworebian emociebi, rodesac am Txzulebas werda.

5. moTxrobaSi moqmedeba dilaze iwyeba da mTavrdeba

mzis CasvliT. erTi dRis mziT ganaTebuli grZlioba br-bos, rogorc svaneTSi uwodeben, `uganaCenoTa~ Casaxvis, fexmZimobis da dabadebis aqtia. amiT avtorma dedo zaris zrialiT amcno mkiTxvels SiSis fenomenis damangreveli Zala. es Zala ubralod Segrovil adamianTa simravles Tvalis daxamxamebaSi brbod gadaqcevs. brbouli yofis sisazizRre ki imaSi mdgomareobs, rom igi amovardnilia tradiciidan, gawyvetili aqvs warmoSobis erTiani kav-Siri. swored es iyo avtoris mizani eCvenebina momavali TaobebisaTvis piriT utyvi adamianebis damnaSaveobis si-Save. aseTi Savi damnaSave TviT kuzma kilgac ki araa.

6. nawarmoebis Sina arsobrivi akrostixuli arqiteq-tonika Sifravs sityvas _ RmerTi

I aqtiR-ame _ brbos dabadebam moralurad daabnela qalaqiII aqtim-ze _ mzesaviT brwyindeba hakis saxe. masTan Sexvedras

eswrafvis ujuSi, mis gamoCenas elodeba mkiTxveli, rad-gan igi mzis sxiviviT moZraobs da efineba imeds.

III aqtierTi _ haki erTaderTia, romelic RmerTis Zliere-

biT myofobs ujuSis fsiqikaSi, amitom igi mziani Ramis xatia

Zveli berZeni filosofosi platoni svams aseT kiTx-vas: `ra aris is, rac gvauwyebs, rom raRac Sesacnobia da gvaiZulebs is SevicnoT?~ dasmul kiTxvas TviTonve ase pasuxobs: `Cven Tu rames SevicnobT, imitom ki ara, rom cnobismoyvareni varT, arc imitom, rom raimis keTili neba gagvaCnia. Semecnebis survili arafer SuaSia. vigebT mxolod iseT rames, ris mimarTac ukve CarTulni varT.~

sidiade leo qiaCelisa is iyo, rom aseT CarTulobaSi iyo inteleqtualurad SiSTan, yovelive aman ki siwmin-diT, kacurad atarebina fsevdonimi qiaCis xatisa _ qi-aCeli.

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rodis xdeba sacnauri sityvis idumali metyveleba

Zlierma adamianurma gancdebma: tkivilma, six-arulma, sevdam, siyvarulma, megobrobam Tu sxva ra-Rac SemTxvevam inteleqtualuri wvdomis surviliT SeiZleba migaxedos erTi sityvisaken... da roca es sityva damoukideblad aRmogaCeninebs pasuxs daviT guramaSvilis kiTxvaze _ „vina varT?“ aRtacebisagan frenas daiwyeb.

modiT, amjerad mgrZnobiare dakvirvebis velSi movaTavsoT Cemi cxovrebis es sevdiani epizodi. erT uwyinar, tkbil raWvel kacs, Cveni eris simRerasa da cekvaze sakuTari ZarRvebiT SemoxlarTuls, WeSmar-iti qalobisa da raindobis pativismcemels, ivnisis nedli surneliT gaJRenTil TbilisSi, veraze, wesi augo micvalebuls moZRvarma da bolos dasZina: vax-tangi gugeSaSvili iyo ubralo adamiani da micvale-buli ar SeawuxoT zedmeti pativiscemiTo.

ubralo qarTveli _ aseTi Sefaseba saero yofaSi TiTqosda bevrs arafers niSnavs. moZRvris bageTagan gaxmianebulma sityvam ki Rrmaazrovani mniSvnelobiT Camirbina gulSi... da iqve xmamaRla wamoiWra kiTxva: Tu aseTebs ubraloebs vuwodebT, maSin vinRaa bra-liani qarTveli?... vinaa da _ cnobili gamoCenili, sasaxelo, warmatebuli, sasiqadulo, didebuli, ma-gram aramc da aramc braliani.

qarTuli ena maT bralianebs ar uwodebs. es me Cemda uneburad wamomcda qarTulisaTvis miuRebeli msoflSegrZnebiT. ramdeni sinomimi moigona Cvenma

enam, rom ubralos sapirispirod braliani ar gamo-eyenebina. ar misca didi qarTvelebs es saxeldeba imitom, rom SinaarsSi xmiandeba raRac danaSauli, brali. saocrebaa qarTuli sulierebis aseTi mgrZno-biare mimoxra enaSi, sityvis saSualebiT SeigrZnoba aristokratizmi erisa.

Zneli ki ara da SeuZlebelia gamoCenili, cno-bili, warmatebuli, sasiqadulo, didebuli gaxde patara braleulobis gareSe mainc. magaliTisTvis ilias biografiidan es ambavic ikmarebs. „erT dRes alaverdSi mivdiodiT xatobaSi da ai aq gzaSi iliam sixaruliT miTxra: „koxta momiloce gavaTaveo. sol-omonma ai amdeni fuli gamomigzavna peterburgSi. axla mamida makrines davavale sul mTlad daubrune meTqi. axla Tavisufali var. metad nasiamovnebi iyo ilia, rom mZime tvirTi Tavidan moiSora“. cnobisaT-vis solomon WavWavaZe is pirovnebaa, romelTanac aseTi piroba Sekra mamida makrinem: Tu mis obol Zmiswuls gaugzavnida TveSi 400 Tumans universitet-So kursis dasrulebamde, maSin ilia peterburgidan rom dabrundeboda SeirTavda mis Svils. marTalia, es uiliaod moxda, magram ilia mainc daemorCila.

raoden diplomaturia qarTuli enobrivi xaver-dovneba, roca rigiTi qarTvelis Rirseba mis ara braleulobaSi dainaxa da uwoda „ubralo“.

ricxovnebiT patara ers didi ltolva aqvs hyavdes bevri warmatebuli, msoflioSi warmoCineb-uli adamiani. konstantine gamsaxurdias SeZaxilic gagaxsendeba myisier: ar gajobon didi mdinareebis piras dabadebulebmao, Tavis Tavs rom exmianeboda.

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ai ratomac ganixilavs Cveni ena poziciuri saxel-debiT warmatebulobas da Cveulebriv rigiT qarT-velobas.

aseTi zrdilobiT dganan TxuTmeti saukuniT naxedni qarTuli sityvebi 21-e saukunis interierSi da sxva enebis Semswavlel adamianebs iseT instru-mentebs Cuqnian maRalsa da dabals erTmeneTisgan rom gaarCevineben.

„Semecneba wina cxovrebis gaxsenebaa“ (m. mamar-

daSvili)ena idumali mistikuri kavSiria winaprebTan, am-

itomac gamiCnda survili sityvis meSveobiT gavsau-brebodi winaprebs, romelTac ulamazesi enobrivi sxeuli gvaCuqes, romelic iseTive Zeglia rogorc nikorwminda, bediis Tasi, xaxulis karedi, Cakrulo, cekva qarTuli ... . .

qarTuli enis SemecnebiTi zaris guguni rom is-moda uTuod amitom gadawera saqarTvelodan Sors myofma ioane zosimem 962 w. sabawmindis lavraSi leqsi „qebai da didebai qarTulisa enisai“.

citatebi leqsidan1. „damarxul ars enai qarTuli...~2. „mZinare ars dResamomde...~3. „da saxarebasa Sina ama enasa lazare hqvian“4. „Semkuli da kurTxeuli saxelisa uflisaiTa

mdabali da darwmunebuli... .~5. „rameTu yoveli saidumloi ama enasa dama-

rxul ars...~

droTa kavSiri ar unda dairRves. urRvevobis garanti ki qarTuli enaa da misi Semmecnebeli ada-miani.

„mZinare ars dResamomde“mZinare sityvis SeRviZeba xandaxan iseTive usiam-

ovnoa, rogoc tkbil sizmrebSi Sesul adamians awux-ebs uxeSi njRreva.

tkbili sizmari _ cxovrebasTan morgebuli yo-faa. SeRviZebuli sityva ki arqetipul koniunqtur-aSi gadasvla, romelic gagasalaSinebs, prokrustes sarecelze dagakravs da damokles maxvilsac Camog-kidebs TavTan.

saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi vin aRar arwia tkbilad ucxo akvanSi CaZinebuli qarTuli. modiT frTxilad SevaRviZoT sitvebi. pirvelad mivadgeT sasixarulo sityvas qorwili.

qarTulad moazrovne, qarTuli smenadobis ada-miani am sityvaSi waikiTxavs mTel winadadebas: qorma wiwila waiRo an qorwiwili.

Tanadroul yofaSi Zalian xSirad qal-vaJ-ni postpoziciuri SinaarsiT dganan erTmaneTis pirispir. gamarjvebuli siyvarulis droSaze idea-lebad, dasaswavl sasiyvarulo istoriebad, swored isini aizidebian xolme umTavresad. am sityvasTan mimarTebaSi ki isini dganan rogorc qoris formaSi gamowyobili wiwila da wiwilas formaSi gamowyobi-li qori, romlebic rac ar unda apiaro, mainc uniWo speqtaklad aRiqmeba.

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niWieri speqtakli ki imaleba sityvebSi qmari da

coli. qmari sityva qamaridan unda momdinareobdes. mamakacis saltod Semortymuli mklavi gana qamars ara hgavs? romlis zomieri moWera Tu qalma ver igrZno mswraflve acnobierebs, rom siyvaruli ir-Rveva. sityva coli uTuod comidan momdinareobs. (fonetikurad l da m xSirad monacvleoben qarTul-Si). mamakaci iRwvis rbili, damyoli, fafuki xasiaTi Camouyalibos meuRles, amisaTvis ki sxvadasxva xe-rxs mimarTavs.

saintereso iqneba col-qmarTan dakavSirebuli

sityva ojaxi gaviazroT. o-jax-i o-oh-xvneSa ismine-ba am bgeraSi. jax-col-qmris oromtrialis saqmi-anobiTi xmauri.

ukve maswavlebeli viyavi, roca raWaSi erT-

ma SromaSi cxovrebagamovlilma pawawuna qalma, sofeli siyvaruliT nataSikas rom eZaxda, sicil-iT mkiTxa: marinika Sen gecodineba ras niSnavs qve. mTeli saqarTvelo dagvcinis am qveze da Cven ver moviSaleT magisi Tqma. Tu qali xar, egeba gamoic-no ra eSmakad Segviyvarda ase Zalian, umagisod Seni Wirimes rom ver vambobTo. uime qve ra vici nataSa bicolameTqi vuTxari da mxiaruli udardelobiT davSordiT erTmaneTs.

gavida or aTeul welze meti da Cems cxovrebaSi

metad kritikul situaciaSi sityva qveyana sacnauri gaxda Tavisi arsobrivi metyvelebiT _ qveda yana, mzis qveSeTis yana da nataSikas damsxvilebuli xe-lis mtevniT Semoxazul kiTxviT winadadebas iqve ucabedad gaeca pasuxi.

ra aris qve?mzis qveSeTSi Seni WirimeRrma Cakvrivebis Semdeg mixvdebi ratom mianiS-

nebs mxolod mzis qveSeTs, marTlac, diplomatiuri raWuli dialeqti.

nataSikasTana adamianebs kiTxvis dasmiT si-zustiT uTuod mravalgzis gauocebiaT albaT cno-bili kritikosi, literaturismcodne guram asa-Tiani, Torem am msjelobamde mxolod sakuTari azriani TviTdinebiT ver mividoda: „iseTi varau-dic arsebobs, TiTqos qarTuli „kvira“ (kvira dRe) „gakvirvebidan“ momdinareobdes. adamiani eqvs dRes muSaobs, miwas Cascqeris, meSvide dRes ki cas axe-davs da gaikvirvebs Tavis arsebobas, samyaros xil-viT gaocdeba da gaixarebs...~

sufra _ su-Cumad, e. i Cumad frena marTlac,

am Sinaars atarebs qarTuli sufra sadRegrZelos adresatebi dadebiT RirebulebaSi fasdebian, ami-tomac isini sulier amaRlebas, frenas ganicdian.

suleli _ sul-eli e. i yovelTvis raRacas vinc

elodeba sulelia. sinamdvileSi ki movlenaTa rigi-

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Tobas adamiani ver daadgens.

xelmwife _ xeli, romelic mwife nayofs iZleva. saxelmwifo _ WeSmaritad brZnad metyveli sity-

vaa, romlis miRma gadaxedva yvelas SeuZlia.

winapari _ Sens win gaparuli.

fufuneba _ ase unda wavikiTxoT fu-fu _ neba. nebieri cxovreba didad mosawoni rom yofiliyo

qarTuli zneobisaTvis, orjer fu-fus ar daurTav-da Cveni ena.

Rirseba _ RirebulebebiT arseboba

sawyali _ am sityvaSi Cadebuli azri umalve sa-

Cino gaxdeba, Tu erT dakargul bgerasaRvadgenT _ sad wyali. ukiduresad SeWirvebuli adamianis fiqrebSi Cagvaxedebs es sityva, igive Sinaarsis ma-tarebelia idioma „ra wyalSi Cavvarde“

aramzada _ araa mzada. am sityvas vuwodebT cud

adamians. Tu am sityvis Sinaarss gaviazrebT, gagvao-

cebs loialoba qaRtuli enisa adamianisadmi.

ocneba _ oci neba e. i oci survili. zekari _ zeciuri kari

damerwmunebiT, rom sityvam SegvaRebina yofi-

erebis kari sizmarSi.qarTulis sityvis semantikuri dasasruli Tav-

ad adamiania da am adamianebis mier Seqmnili saxelm-wifo.

„Semecneba wina cxovrebis gaxsenebaa“ (m. mamar-daSvili). rac ufro inteleqtualurad SevimecnebT wina cxovrebas, miT ufro didi sizustiT mivemowme-biT WeSmaritebas“.

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provincializmi da moqalaqeoba

provincializmi da moqalaqeoba, erTi yurZnis ori mtevani, TandarTul saqarTveloSi Zmur maranSi tkbilad ganisveneben. isini cnobili qarTuli gamo-canis: `orni arian, tolni arian, sworni arian, moim-Rerian~, pasuxadac gamodgeba.

provincializmi da moqalaqeoba, marTlac, dRes tolni arian, sworni arian da Tanac moimRerian.

provincializmi da moqalaqeoba es metad sadavo abstraqtuli cnebebi didi diskusiebis sagani xde-ba sazogadoebis yvela socialur SreSi. saqme imaSi gaxlavT, rom erTi da igive pirovnebebSi myofobs orive fenomeni moZravi parametrebiT, imisda mixed-viT obieqturi realoba (xSirad sicocxlis gadarCe-nis aucilebloba) ras moiTxovs misgan, moqalaqeobas Tu provincializms.

daviwyoT iqidan, rom adamianis Sesaxeb Sexed-ulebebs gviyalibebs sami ganzomileba: metyvele-ba, qceva, Cecmuloba. es ganzomilebebi sxvadasxva situaciebSi srul warmodgenas gviqmnis individze. am sam SreSi sacnobia provinciali da moqalaqe.

metyvelebiT, CacmulubiT Tu varcxnilobiT, provinciali advilad emsgavseba moqalaqes. ems-gavseba ki ara da rig SemTxvevebSi ufro gafacice-buli yuradRebiTac ki epyroba Cacmisa Tu saubris stils. qalaqelebze bevrad avangardulni arian me-tyvelebaSi, TavianTi ganaTlebis warmosaCenad mos-wonT ucxouri sityvebis xmareba da a. S.

lakmusis furceli WeSmariti provincialis

amosacnobad misi saqcielia. adamianis saqcieli qvecnobieridan momdinareobs da inteleqtualur kontrols ar eqvemdebareba (rasac ver vityviT me-tyvelebasa da Cacmulobaze. isini inteleqtualur kontrols eqvqmdebarebian).

saCino sibrtye, romelic vizualurad gagar-CevinebT erTmaneTisgan provincialsa da qalaqels, evropulad dakvaluli baRia. baRSi saval biliks Ta-vad irCevs provinciali da Tundac fexi daisvaros, aucileblad gzas Seimoklebs, raoden sasaciloc ar unda iyos smokingi, wvrili quslebi da Zvirfasi qurq-ic ki ver SezRudavs mis survils gza Seimoklos.

gadaavleT Tvali Tbilisis baRebs da TiTqmis yvela gazonSi aRmoaCenT aseT soflur biliks.

axla igive adgilas davukvirdeT qalaqels, aramc da aramc ragvar saWiroebasac ar unda war-moadgendes am e. w. soflur bilikze gaataro, fexs ver daabijebineb. maSasadame, qalaqeli moniSnul bi-likze dadis, provinciali ki saval biliks Tavad irCevs Tamamad.

aSkaraa, rom provincializmi araa dabadebis ad-gili, mSoblebis ganaTleba, socialuri wre, warmo-Soba, rasac am Temaze diskusiis monawileni iSvelie-ben xolme. qalaqeli mxolod maSin gaxdeba moqalaqe Tu gazonze ara marto TviTon ar gaivlis, aramed sxvasac ar gaatarebs. e. i. SeiZleba qalaqeli iyo, magram moqalaqe ara.

saqcielis es Targi qmediTad muSaobs, Tu proeq-cias SevucvliT da saqmianobaSi gadavitanT.

Tu gazonze mosiaruleni fexs isvrian ise, rom

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qalaqelma SeiZleba dascinos, saqmianobaSi e. w. `ax-ali bilikis~ Semoqmedni xdebian. am unariT isini Tavs iwoneben kidevac da avtoritetebi xdebian. ma-gram, aRsaniSnavia, rom maT aq ukve WirdebaT amt-kicon Tavisi upiratesobebi: patiosneba, niWiereba da a. S. amitomacaa, maT irgvliv Cndeba movlenebis mxolod SavTeTrad Semfasebeli sazogadoeba. sa-zogadoeba, romelmac kargad uwyis Semdegi: realo-bis Wadrakis dafaze mxolod Sav-TeTri figurebi moZraoben. yovelive es adamianebs aiZulebs Tavisi azrebi polusebSi ganzidul msjelobebSi moaqcion. Sav-TeTr saTvaliT mayurebelni TavisTavad eqcevi-an erTmaneTTan sinTetikuri urTierTobebis badeSi. es qsovili welvadia, bevrs itevs da Tanac brWyvi-ala sirmebsac Seicavs. TavisTavad aseTi bade, rac ufro metad hgavs bunebrivs, miT ufro civiluria, misaRebi da komfortuli. uaryofiTi mxare mxolod imaSi mdgomareobs, rom sakmarisia konteqsti Seicva-los, rom igi umalve lpeba.

naTqvamia, `saca mixval iqauri qudi daixureo~. TbilisSi ki es andaza piruku muSaobs yvela sibr-tyeSi. amitomacaa moqalaqeoba da provincializmi Zneli sacnobi Tu gasarCevi.

provincialebi da moqalaqeebi erTi da igive ma-teriis sxvasxva formebi arian, romelTac kargad gaegebaT erTmaneTis da urTierTobis harmonia yve-lasTvis saCino disharmoniad iSviaTad gadaiqceva xolme. amitomac isini sworedac rom orni arian, tolni arian sworni arian da Tanac moimRerian.

marine kiknaveliZe. 2005 weli. maisi.

ojaxi, saxli

xuTma qalma gamzarda: bebiam, dedam da samma dei-dam. zRva siyvaruli maCuqes da iseTi, rom am zRvaSi vcxovrobdi yovelgvari gancvifrebis gareSe mana-mde, sanam isini cocxlebi iyvnen da mas Semdeg, rac miRma qveyanaSi gadasaxldnen.

droTa mdinarebam erTxel sikvdil-sicocxlis zRvarze damayena, qalaquri cxovrebis grgvinva-grials gamomglija da dasevdianebuli momaqcia saxlSi. dRis im monakveTSi, roca saxlSi marto vr-Cebodi, yvela nivTi, romelic dedaCemis, deidebis nawmendi Tu xelSenavlebi iyo gansakuTrebul siT-bos, TanagrZnobas asxivebda... dedis sakerav manqanas rom Sevxedavdi, ukan dabrunebuli kinokadriviT ga-dairbenda Cems gonebaSi misi xelis moZraoba, maqoze Zafs rom gadaaxvevda da Tavis adgilas Caudgamda. simSvides afrqvevda rodinis qva, Coina.

germanuli mastikis edelvaqsis surneli Cveni saxlebis sasiamovno haeri iyo. roca am surnels Sevi-grZnob, isini uxilavad CemTan arian. maradJams max-sovs dedaCemis xmianad, brZanebluri kiloTi, TiTis qneviT naTqvami: ̀ romel saxlSic mastika ar muSaobs, iq specifikuri suni dgeba da gadadis tansacmelze, fardebze. kars rom vaReb, pirvel nabijs kritikuli ynosviT vadgam saxlSi da bednieri var, Tu mastikis surneli odnav mainc esalbuneba Cems cxvirs.

saojaxo saqmianobaSi Semomexmianebian xolme Cemi dedamTilis-sonia dauSvilis (kote dauSvi-lis Tanatoli, masTan erTad gazrdili) sityvebi:

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`niorma Tqva: vinc umarilod damnayos, CemsaviT gamwardes“-o. oxraxuSis, qiZis garCevisas bolqvebs rom vWri da vyri siCqaris gamo, Tengizi (deidaCemis qmari) SemomZaxebs ̀ mTavars yri, balaburdos itoveb, bolqvSi meti vitaminebia~.

saxlis droebiT garindul sivrces hamlet go-naSvilis xmaxaverdi arRvevs. nel-nela tristanis _ Cemi mazlis ojaxSi gatarebuli pirveli ianvrebis gugunad gadaiqca. yovel axal wels isxdnen Tav-is saqmesTan da colebTan pirswori kacebi: anzor (TorRva) avsajaniSvili, gogi gamelaRdiSvili, zaur dadivaZe, boria qevxiSvili, maTi umcrosi Zma-Cemi giorgi da marto xmaSi ki ara, beWebze, warbebSi, mklavebSi, muxlebSi atarebdnen qarTvelobis sixar-uls, satkivars, SemarTebas. furclidan furcelze gadawerili sityvebiviT hgvanan erTmaneTs hamlet gonaSvilis da tristanis saxiswyoba, mimuri gamome-tyveleba. sxeulSi gansaxebuli vaJkacuri lomgu-lovneba da saxeze Caqsovili sinaze erTdroulad SegagrZnebinebda fortes da pianos...

zafxulSi salaTs rom vakeTeb, umal bebo max-sendeba. is momcro, lamaz TefSSi patara nakuwebad miWrida pomidors, kbeCa rom ar damWirveboda, Tvi-Ton yvela saqmes Tavs daanebebda, samad mokecili moergeboda erT upataraves skams, nikapi muxlebTan rom hqonda miaxlovebuli ise da saTvaleebidan Rim-iliani TvaliT mimzerda manam, sanam bolo naWers ar mivirTmevdi.

Tebervlidan mokidebuli, kawarkuwurebis gamo-Cenidan ivnisis CaTvliT, gazafxuls akiskisebda Ser-

Ceul larnakebSi eTo deida. dawvrilebuli xmiT, xma-maRla moefereboda xolme yvavilebs `genacvaloT, genacvaloT eTom“. da exla Tu sadme yvavili ipran-Weba Cems saxlSi, eTeri cocxali mgonia...

ai ase, daumTavreblad SemiZlia movyve Cemi ojaxis umSvenieres ambebze, ukve speqtaklebad rom aRviqvam asakSi Sesuli. am fiqrebTan mravalgzis micxovria wina wlebSic, magram sevdianma dReebma gamomatanina daskvna: ojaxSi cxovreba, saqmianoba, sakraluri kavSiria sxvadasxva materialur Tu su-lier plastebTan. marTalia, saqmianoba xorciel-deba awmyoSi, magram imavdroulad uwyveti kavSiri gvaqvs warsulTan, risi saSualebiTas swvdebi moma-vals.

sakmarisi araa mxolod ojaxi SevqmnaT, ufro mTavaria: vicocxloT, visaqmianoT, vimReroT, vi-tiroT, vicekvoT, Cveni xelis siTbo, mzrunveloba siyvaruli miswvdes yvela kunWuls. gadaxdili fu-liT, an movaleobis gancdiT dalagebuli saxli aw-myodan awmyoSi gadadis da iqve iferfleba. ojaxis siyvaruliT datvirTuli qmedeba: sadilis gamzade-ba iqneba, kerva Tu qinZis danayva, warsulidan mo-mavals swvdeba, romelic sevdasTan erTad sixarul-sac ggvris.

deda ugemrieles baJes akeTebda, arasodes mis-wavlia rogor amzadebda, me mxolod gemo maxsovda da SevZeli iseTive Tinaoba.

pirovneba unda daibados sinamdvileSi, zneo-briv aqtebSi. ojaxuri saqmianoba WeSmariti sinamd-vilea, zneobrivi aqtia, amitom droTa kavSiri uw-

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yvet wrebrunvaSia. iq, sadac es sinamdvile nayidia, SekveTili, mosamsaxuris Sesrulebuli, iq yoveli sagani mkvdaria, momavali Taobis winaSe ver wardge-ba Tavisi siTboTi da saxismetyvelebiT.

sakuTari fantaziiT ganxatuli saxli ufro sainteresoa, vidre modis tendenciebiT Seqmnili, dizainerTa namuSevari, romelSiac Sen ki ver avlen xasiaTs, mis danawevrebul sivrceSi Camjdari, iqneb prokrustes sarecelzec moxvde.

Cems irgvliv mudam wuwuneben qalebi: Cemi cx-ovreba Sevalie ojaxSi sisufTaves, saWmlis keTebas, leibebis da sabnebis, baliSebis movlas da a. S., ma-gram mainc ase agrZeleben cxovrebass.

agoraze unda gamoitano azri da agorao (m. ma-mardaSvili) es aris gza WeSmaritebis Sesacnobad. swored amitom mominda Teoretizacia momexdina qarTuli ojaxuri fenomenisa.

qarTuli ojaxis qsovilSi ganfenili idumaleba sam sanTeliviT Camoqnil sityvaSi dgas Zeglad. es sityvebia: warsuli, awmyo, momavali.

warsuli _ warmavali suliawmyo-aw-axla myo-myofoba e. i. axla yofamomavali-moma-prefiqsi, vali-gadasaxdeli va-

li. awmyo-axla yofa saqmianobis ori nawilisagan

Sedgeba. erTi, romelic awmyodan awmyoSi gadadis, nacariviT ganibneva da meore, romelic mbadia ax-lisa-awmyodan momavalSi gadadis. `Cven unda Cveni vSvaT myoobadi“, _ brZanebda ilia. aSkaraa, sity-va awmyoSi Cadebuli azri Txel, gabneul, umizno

qmedebad CaTvala da amitomac Seqmna axali sityva _ myoobadi, romelSic awmyosaTvis saWiro sibrZne mawoniviT Seadeda.

vin, an ra aris myoobadi?yofierebis mbadi aris is sicili, is tirili, is

cekva, is saqmianoba, is Seneba, is ngreva, is siTbo da gnebavT is siZulvili, romelic adamians vals daak-isrebs warmavali sulis winaSe. naTelia, SinaarsSi dro-sivrceTa aseTma kavSirma mravalJamieri gaxada qarTuli ena.

Cemi ojaxis xSiri stumari vaxtang gugeSaSvili Salva jafariZisgan (didi Teatralis giga jafariZis Zma, cnobili lotbari, qarTvelobas gudastviriTac rom daamaxsovra Tavi) naswavl `aslanur mravalJam-iers“ gansakuTrebuli rixiT, mSvildiviT moziduli daWimulobiT, fexze damdgari mReroda, gakvanZuli Rrma survili rom exata cxvirsa da tuCebze qarT-veluri RirsebiT SemoeZaxa wodebiTSi _ `mraval-Jamieri, mravalJamiero“. sufraze msxdomT gveR-imeboda, roca yvelani damsxdarni agugunebdnen vaxtangi marjveniT xelSemarTuli, fexze mdgari, xerxemalgaWimuli mReroda.

exla, roca vaxtangi miRma qveyanaSia, namdvi-lobiT Sevimecneb: sma imitim siamovnebda, rom am wuTebSi Tavs Jamieri mTelis nawilad aRiqvamda. grigol robaqiZis winadadeba: `ai fsixiuri gancda qarTvelisa“, _ diagnozad SemiZlia mivusadago.

saocaria, scenaze atanili simRera Tu cekva, CemTvis namdvilobis mxolod fotografirebaa. am fotografirebiT, gatacebulia saqarTvelo, namd-

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viloba ki Zneli sanaxavi da mosasmeni gaxda. erTi ocdaxuTi wlis win naTqvami maxsendeba;

ezoSi SemovediT me da Cemi meuRle (170 ojaxi cx-ovrobs) gabrazebuli mezobeli gveubneba: `ager pirvel sadarbazoSi micvalebulia da SexedeT me-4 sadarbazoSi ra dReSi arian, rogor mRerian, sircx-vili aRar aqvTo“. maSin Zalian Sevwuxdi, ver vigeb-di marTla ra amRerebdaT. exla mesmis ase Tu ise mogvarebul ojaxebSi im `did mTelTan, `JamierTan~, SeerTebis survili Zlieri wadili iyo.

axla gadian dReebi, kvirebi, Tveebi, wlebi, me Tavad aRar momismenia es namdviloba, ucabedad bednierebis funjs rom gadaatarebda mezoblebis `lojiebs“ da mofarfate fardebs. simReram, cekvam fotografiaSi gadainacvla lamaz restornebSi, sa-dac vaxtangisnairi solo koncerti romc Caataros vinmem, manqanis `parpresze“ Camogorebuli wvimis wveTebiviT waSlis gverdze magidis Rrianceli an mikrofonSi Sesrulebuli SekveTili simRera. su-raTebze aRbeWdili kadrebi ukonteqstod SeiZleba `feisbuqze“ moxvdes, (Zalian uyvarT restornebSi gadarebuli suraTebi) an zog SemTxvevaSi patara albomSi.

mxolod exla vxvdebi, Cemo vaxtang, gamagrebul mucelze xels ZaliT rom mabraxunebinebdi da gu-lianad, uSiSrad Sescinodi sikvdils `Sexede rava maqvs muceli gabriginebulio“, Cemi moWmuxnuli saxe gsiamovnebda da Tanac CemTan ufro kargad grZnob-di kacobis gamocda Cabarebuli rom gqonda ojaxSi saqarTvelosTan: ori lamazi, abreSumiviT qarTu-

lad damyoli, zrdili gogoebis mamas. exla ukve miRma qveyanaSi SemiZlia gamogZaxo: amas, vaxtangi, veRar axerxeben milionebis patronebi, uravlesobas mxolod Tmebi da kabebi ufrialebT abreSumiviT, xa-siaTi ki vera.

Cemi ojaxis WuWrutanidan ase imzireba saqarT-velo... da mainc vis an ras mimarTavda qarTeli, roca aslanur `mravalJamiers~ mReroda.

`mravalJamiero, mravalJamiero...“ am sity-vaSi Cadebuli daxasiaTeba, xotba miemarTeba enas. mravalJamieri RirebulebiT saxierobs qarTuli ena, romelic mobiluri telefonis SesaZleblobe-biT saukuneebis siRrmeebs gagarRvevinebs, mkiTx-velis xelSi jadosnur Wogritad gadaaqcevs da survilisamebr gasworebul fokusSi politikur, ekonomikur, kulturul, sociologiur, filosofi-ur, enaTmecnierul SreebSi Cagaxedebs.

ram gaxada Cveni ena Jamieri?saxli, ojaxi qarTul sivrceSi is adgilia, sa-

dac RmerTma azrsa da qmedebas enis saSualebiT er-TurTi apovnina da dauZaxa Semo qmedeba... ai ase iqca Cveni saxlebi da ojaxebi Semoqmedad, momvlelad, sicocxlis mimniWeblad sityvisa _ sufraze, plas-tikisa _ cekvaSi, melodiisa simReraSi da a. S. war-mavobis nisls yovelwuTierad rom ebrZvis rodinis qvaSi xan wylis, xan nivris nayviT, xan kerviT, xan cekviT, xan simReriT, xan mtvris sawmendi CvriT.

qarTuli ojaxi Semoqmedebis Sin dabudebuli arsis namdvilobis biologiuri velia, sadac qal-isTvis diasaxlisi daurqmevia. diaRac saxlisi, mar-

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Tlac saxlisi, radgan mxolod mas abarebdnen iaraRs ojaxSi stumrobisas Coxiani qarTvelebi.

saocaria, Tviseba Jamierobisa rogor SeiZina Cvenma enam, roca verc erTma enam dedamiwis zurgze es ver SeZlo. am Temaze msjelobas didi interesiT mousmenda qarTveloba fsiqologebs, filosofos-ebs, enaTmecnierebs.

Cemeuli mixvedrilobiT ki ase mjera: qarTul saxlsa da ojaxSi edga simarTlis yvelaze didi tax-trevani odiTgan, romelsac sityvaSi Cadebul az-rSi amowmebda Jamier. simarTle da sityva erT azrs atarebda. amasTanave, erTi ram cxadze cxadia: ojax-Si msjelobis daskvna qarTul sityvaSi Cadebuli az-ris Targze Tu moiWra, algebris krebulSi Setanili amocanis pasuxiviT Seamowmeb namdvilobas.

qarTul sityvebSi qarTuli cxovrebis ambavi is-mineba, Tu nel-nela daxanebiT, fiqrianad warmoTq-vam. warsuli, awmyo/myoobadi, momavali-es sityvebi qarTul saxlisa da ojaxis filosofiur RerZs Se-gamecnebinebs. is ojaxi, saxli, romlis cxovreba am sityvebSi Cadebuli azriT ver Sinaarsdeba ingreva, mas momavali ara aqvs. esaa mizezi abel araviZis ojaxSi datrialebuli ubedurebisa. (Tengiz abu-laZis filmi `monanieba“).

`abel, varlami“, _ kivis SeSfoTebuli coli. ra vqnaT, micvalebuli ar davmarxoT?ra gzas unda daadges ojaxi, varlams-warmaval suls, Tavisi pa-tivi rom miagon. isini bevrs fiqroben, cdiloben, bolos mainc samarTlis imedi aqvT. samarTali ki iseTive Zneli dasayenebelia, rogorc erTnairi fer-

ebi kubik-rubikis gverdebze. advili misaxvedria ra-tom figurirebs ase TvalismomWrelad es rekviziti sasamaTlo darbazSi. samarTlis aRdgenis Teoriuli gza arsebobs, realuri ki ara, micvalebuls mainc amoTxriT emuqrebian.

abeli araviZea, aravis Ze. abeli iRwvis rogorc Ze micvalebulis fizikuri da moraluri xelSeux-eblobisaTvis, magram SeuZlebelia. gawvalebuli micvalebuli ixveweba: `daabneleT, daabneleT“. vi-naa damnaSave? varlami, romelmac uzrunveli ma-terialuri bedniereba dautova Tavisi `Rvawl-mosilebiT“, Tu is xalxi, vinc amboxis gareSe ismina: `is iyo pirveli pirvelTa Soris“.

samarTali Tu ar arsebobs qeTi baraTeli yvela epoqaSi daibadeba. es aris qali, romelmac simarTle ojaxur taxtrevanze dasva. am simarTlem ki abeli aravis Zeobamde miiyvana. abeli Tavad agdebs xramSi micvalebuls.

didi gemovnebiT, mdidrulad morTul, mxi-arul, uamravi megobrebiT daxunZlul ojaxSi veRar Tanacxovrobs warsuli da awmyo, amitomac awmyo am ojaxSi myoobadi-yofierebis mbadi veRar xdeba, da-narCeni yvela qmedeba ki nacariviT ganibneva.

saxli-materialuri ganzomilebaaojaxi-moraluri, Tanac sam droSi-warsulSi, aw-

myoSi, savaraudod momavalSi. samive rgolis: warsulis, awmyos da momavlis

Jamieroba mxolod simarTles SeuZlia, romelic rogorc TviTon sityva gviyveba: si-marTl-e, marT-al-i marT kuTxeSi cxovrobs, saxlis marT kuTxe-

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Si. swored ojaxi Tavad mihyveba gzad Tavis simar-Tles-sityvas moacilebs Senamde, Cemamde, gzaSi rom araferi SeemTxves da am sityvaSi, am simarTleSi gamogzardos. amitomacaa, rom qarTul sinamdvileSi drois es sami ganzomileba SeTanxmebul marTul an mirTul damokidebulebaSia erTmaneTTan.

ase moacila qarTulma enam simRer-simReriT mS-vildiviT mozidul qarTul tanebSi sityva `mraval-Jamieri“ qorwilebSi, dabadebis dReebze, axal wle-bze 21-e saukunemde.

maSasadame, saxlisa da ojaxis saZirkveli yo-fila sityva, romelmac simarTle moaqcia varayian CarCoSi da mozaikuri simarTle Seqmna. mravalJam-ieri-es sityva yvela enaze ori sityviT iTargmneba. qarTulad ki erTsityviani brWyvialebiT, maJoru-li JReradobiT, monoliTurobiT, darbaislurobiT gvxiblavs. qarTuli enisadmi mimarTuli es saxotbo sityva oSkiviT, sveticxoveliviT momxibvlelia da aseTive siZlieris moraluri Zeglia qarTvelobisaT-vis, romelsac dro ver daangrevs, Tu mgrZnobiare qarTul gulebSi ivlis. dResaviT naTelia, qarTuli saxlisa da ojaxis saZirkvelze saxlobs namdviloba qalobisa, kacobisa, namdviloba simRerisa, cekvisa, saqmisa, romelsac saxismetyvelebiT cnobda da amow-mebda qarTuli ojaxi.

marine kiknaveliZe 2013 w.

rogor unda daviwyoT sakuTari Tavis Semecneba?

adamiani srulyofilebis saval bilikze rom dadges, upirvelesad sakuTari Tavi unda Seimec-nos da rogorc daviT guramiSvili ambobda _ `zeTi ganuparveli daagrovo.~ sakuTari Tavis Secnoba mx-olod calkeuli moazrovneebis survili rodi iyo saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi, es safiqrali awuxebda sxvadasxva religiur, filosofiur Tu biologiur moZRvrebebsac. `Seican Tavi Seni~ _ ai devizi Zveli saberZneTis religiur-filosofiuri kerebisa. maT miaCndaT, rom adamiani, Tu sakuTar Tavs Seicnobda, es samyaros Secnobac iyo.

da mainc, saidan unda daiwyos adamianma saku-Tari Tavis Semecneba?... kargi iqneba, Tu upirvele-sad misive identurobis damadasturebeli saxeli da gvari gaxdeba dakvirvebis wertili. aqedan saxeli am saqmeSi ver dagvexmareba, igi pirovnebas mxolod erT WrilSi gvacnobs, igi qalia Tu mamakaci.

saazrovno sivrceSi gasatani pirveli metyveli Sre Tavis Sesamecneblad gaxlavT adamianis gvari. igi pirovnebas gadaecema winaprebisgan da garkveul in-formaciasac Seicavs zogierT SemTxvevaSi: mWedliS-vili, durgliSvili, kvaWantiraZe, oTaraSvili... aRsaniSnavia isic, rom gvari SedgenilobiT kompoz-iciuria umravles SemTxvevaSi, amasTanave, koxtad irgebs gramatikul samosels prefiqs-sufiqsebisas, gansxvavebiT saxelisagan. mas mxolod erTaderTi gramatikuli kaba acvia, romelsac saWiroebisamebr

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icvlis saxelobiTidan wodebiTis CaTvliT. qarTulma enam gvarebTan mimarTebiT is moax-

erxa, rom azrsa da sityvas erTmaneTi apovnina. gva-rebSi warmoCinda qarTvelTa egocentruli xasiaTis nairgvaroba. yovelive es zedapirze rom amotiv-tivdes, saWiroa, gaviazroT qarTuli enis sagange-bod gamoqnili midgoma gvarebTan mimarTebiT. Tu punqtobrivad CamovayalibebT am Tvisobriobebs igi aseT saxes miiRebs:

1. informacia, romelic TviT sityvaSi devs zedapirze: mWedliSvili, gedevaniSvili, durgliS-vili, mezurniSvili...

2. kompoziti gvarebi ori sityvisgan Sedgeba fuZes + Ze an Svili. mag. : saakaZe, javaxiSvili, simo-nia, Sengelia. fuZes + meSvelizmnis naSTi a, romelic Seixorca sityvam. (meSvelzmnis naSTi ver Seixorca gvarebma, romelTa fuZe mTavrdeba a-ze: jRarkava, caava, RaWava, zodelava).

3. prefiqs-sufiqsebiT Seqmnili gvarebi: Tux-areli, menabde, iSxneli, Carkviani, wiklauri.

* * *

kargi iqneba imazec davfiqrdeT, raSi dasWir-da qarTul enas aseTi gamoqnili midgoma gvarebT-an mimarTebiT. gonivruli eWvi migvaxvedrebs, rom qarTvelTa mkveTrad gamoxatul saxasiaTo niSnebs Wiri sWirda dapirispirebulobisa da amitomac dai-bada enobrivi saWiroeba daexasiaTebina generaciuli midrekilebebi egocentruli mgrZnobelobebisa.

a) qarTulma enam Ze da Svili uwoda, gansakuTreb-ulad moefera im adamianebs, romelTac daayenebs ra cxovrebiseuli realoba arCevanisa da gadaw-yvetilebis gzajvaredinze, yovelTvis imaze fiqro-ben: rogor Seafasebs Cems saqciels deda, mama, bebia, babua, amxanagi, mezobeli... qarTvelTa es nawili ar-qetipulia da tradiciulia, amitomac fizikuri Tu moraluri samosis gaxda uZneldeba.

b) gvarebSi, sadac meSvelzmnis naSTi Sexorcebu-lia sityvasTan: danelia _ daneli aris, kakaCia _ kaka-Ci aris. warmatebiT gamowveuli sixarulis gancda ikiTxeba am gvarebSi. enam xazi gausva maT dauokebel swrafvas, rac ar unda Zneli iyos, yvela SemTxveva-Si daemynon awmyos. Tavis mizans, iyvnen pirvelebi saqmianobaSi, zog SemTxvevaSi sajarodac acxadeben. aseTi egocentruli xazis adamianebs Tanadrouli yofa gamouCens Tu ara cxovrebis axal, jereT uval biliks, isini didi gabedulebiT, niWierebiT dgamen pirvel nabijebs. da ai ase, elvis siswrafiT ibade-bian axal-axali warmatebuli, cnobili saxeebi.

g) Tuxar-el-i, korinT-el-i, iSxn-eli _ el su-

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fiqsi miuTiTebs sadaurobas. e. i. am gvaris adami-anebisaTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovania is moralur-zneobrivi kodeqsi, romelic im mxarisTvisa damaxa-siaTebeli, sadac daibadnen.

d) gelbaxiani, goleTiani, Carkviani _ ian sufiqsi miuTiTebs raRacis matareblobas (qudiani, joxiani). am adamianTa zneobrivi kanonebi epoqis koreqtivebs ver eqvemdebareba, radgan is Tavis arsSi atarebs mxolod Tavis kanonebs. erTi aseTi kanonia sisx-lis aRebis wesi, romelmac araerTi sazogadoebrivi formacia gamoiara da dResac kbilebs aRrWialebs.

ai, ase daitanebian zogad StrixebSi qarTuli xasiaTebi Cveni eris moralur geografiul rukaze gramatikuli saSualebebiT. aqve SevniSnav, nuravin ecdeba es msjelobebi konkretul individebs miusadagon, WeSmariteba kalmaxiviT gagisxltebaT xelidan, radgan yoveli adamiani genetikurad kon-glomeratSi atarebs xasiaTis sxvadasxva Tvisebas.

metad Rrma azrobrivi dinebebis Semcvelia mer-ab mamardaSvilis Sexeduleba erze:

`eri aris TviTqmediTi, TviTSemqmneli arsi, romelic yovel wuTs ibadeba Cveni ZalisxmeviT. es niSnavs, rom am Zalisxmevis SigniT ibadeba raime arsi, romelic aris garkveuli ricxvis erToba istoriuli bedisweris winaSe.~

radgan eri `TviTqmediTi, TviTSemqmneli arsia~, romelic yovel wuTs ibadeba Cveni ZalisxmeviT, cx-adia, qarTveli eris saxasiaTo suraTovnebis Semec-nebas da gaazrebas, damerwmunebiT, didi mn-a aqvs. Tu ra mizans emsaxureba es codna daviT guramiS-

vilze zustad veravin axsnis:

`ymawvili unda swavlobdes sacnoblad Tavisadao:vin aris, sidam mosula, sad aris, wava sadao?vinca qmna Tixa WurWelad, ras uZRvnis xelfasadao?viT rema xnarcvs ar Cavardes ulagmo da usadao.~

am strofSi erTaderTi sityva gulwasuli ada-miansaviT mkvdars rom hgavs, magram maja mainc sic-ocxlisa esinjeba, aris sityva xnarcvi. xnarcvi tye-Si saval gzaze mowyobili uxilavi ormoa, romelic dafarulia gaxirguli totebiT, eklebiT, xavsiT Tu balax-bulaxiT. sakmarisia, es sityva moasuli-ero, rom azric srulyofilebiT awkarundeba. da-viT guramiSvilis azriT, Semoqmedi, romelmac ada-mianis sxeuli Seqmna sulis WurWlad, Tavisi misiis Semsrulebel adamians wyalobas miagebs: lagamisa da sadavis uqoneli cxenis jogiviT ar Cacvivdnen or-moSi.

maSasadame, xasiaTis amokiTxvis xelovneba lag-amad da sadaved unda ixmaros Tavisi vinaobis Sem-mecnebelma adamianma.

aucileblad gasaTvaliswinebelia daviT gura-miSvilis didaqtika, romelic mimarTulia WeSmar-itebis Semmecnebeli adamianisadmi:

`unda qalman da ymawvilman dahxuros bage kbilosa, fexi ar axsnas sabliTa da ena Seborkilosa, ar misces neba SeZvrisa warbs, wamwams, Tvalis kilosa, arcaviT TviT sxva gakilos, arc sxvisgan gaikilosa.~

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Tvalis kilo _ sulxan-saba ase ganmartavs _ `Tvalis kilo warziduli~. e. i. gaigeb ra yovelives iribad Tvalis warziduli kiloTic ki (cerad) ar unda Sexedo aravis.

d. guramiSvili Sinagani fsiqologiuri ganwyo-bis, saxis mimuri gamometyvelebis niuansebis gad-mocemiT migvaxvedrebs, rom qarTul xasiaTTa mkve-Trad gamoxatuli kontrastuli nairgvaroba xSirad gamxdara dapirispirebis safuZveli. am dapirispire-bulobas dabmuli fexsacmeli auxsnia, mware sityva auxmianebia, braziT SeZruli warbi, wamwami, Tvalis kilo, almacerad aumetyvelebia, Tavadac gaukilavs da TviTonac gamxdara dacinvis sagani. daviT gu-ramiSvili mowinaaRmdegeebs SuaSi udgeba da didaq-tikosis mSvidi xeldasmiT surs sabolood waSalos survili erTmaneTis gakilva-dacinvisa.

dResaviT naTelia, rom qarTvelebis gadarCenis saidumlo egocentruli xasiaTebis nairgvarobis damsaxurebaa, radgan isini unisonSi Tanaarseboben da Tanaarseboben aTaseuli wlebi. aSkaraa, mkveTrad gamoxatuli mxolod erTi saxasiaTo niSnuli aiaq-siviT daamTavrebinebda Cvens ers sicocxles.

qarTuli xasiaTis mkveTrad gansxvavebuli nair-gvaroba istoriis gadasarCen liandagze sxvadasxva mgrZnobelobis adamianebs aerTianebda da SeZlebi-sdagvarad, ra niWierebac hqondaT saWiro drois Sesaferisi, ise brunavdnen. uzenaesisagan nabo-Zebi Zlieri boZi _ intuicia da STagoneba, kvebavda qarTuli xasiaTis nairgvarobebs, romlebsac wnavda saqarTvelos aseTive nairgvari fizikuri gansxvaveb-

uloba mTisa da barisa, udabnosa Tu zRvispira kli-matisa. aseTi piroba sxvadasxva codnis da warmosax-vis badeSi amyofebda `istoriuli bedisweris winaSe~ gaerTianebul arss. istoria ki gvidasturebs, rom am arss intuicia naklebad Ralatobda, Tumca aRma xnuls daRma farcxavdnen, Tumca xSirad kaxabers imas arqmevdnen, vinc ar iyo kaxaberi.

daviT guramiSvils, romelic `cecxlis kevris~ trialma mTeli sicocxliT moisrola saqarTvelo-dan, mas mainc ar uvlia qveyanaze ekliani sityvis SerWobis survil-siamovnebiT, misi pwkaredebidan mxolod sinanuli iRvreba. simarTle, sinanuliT naTqvami, mxolod esaa dapirispirebulobis Senel-ebis, ganqlevis da gaqrobis malamo.

maSasadame, qarTulma enam gvarebSi dagvixasiaTa sxvadasxva geografiul goraze dabadebuli da Se-qmnili Zvlis simkvrivis xasiaTebi imitom, rom da-pirispirebulobis dros _ WirSi saWirod gamogveyen-ebina es codna, ekali ki iq ar CagverWo, sadac iara iyo, aramed daviT guramiSvilis msgavsad simarTle mxolo sinanulTan dagvewyvilebina.

qarTul sityvaSi Cadebuli sazrisi da klasi-kuri SemoqmedebiTi qmnileba inteleqtualuri Se-mecnebis sisworiT gvayenebs codnis safexurze, ma-gram aranakleb aucileblobas warmoadgens gaviaz-roT Tavisi miwieri cxovrebis _ sknelis sivrceSi rogori niSa _ SeRrmavebuli adgili ukavia mwerlis sxeuls. ai, aqedan iwyeba sakuTari Tavis Semecnebis gza da mis kvalobaze sakuTari Tavis agebis aqti. wignis da cxovrebis swormkiTxvelTa armia mxolod

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am gziT daibadeba. armia, romelic wignSi cxovrebas waikiTxavs da cxovrebaSi _ wigns. am armiebis samSo-biaro adgili sajaro skolaa. skola, romelmac jara eqimis codna-siyoCaRiT unda amSobiaros azrovneba-Si kargad gawvrTnili Tavi _ Taoba, mTavrobad rom gamoadgeba saerod mosaqme mxedrobas.

siwrfeliT wrfeze, jaris wesrigiT mdgomi adamianTa erToblioba sisworiT Semoxazavs wres saxelmwifoebriobisas da mwife nayofsac miuZRvnis xalxis saxeliT, Tu kulturologiuri Seucdomloba mudmivad ganaxlebadi, recefciis konteqstSi iqneba moqceuli. swored amitom sakuTari Tavis Semecnebis gza sxvadasxva gzajvaredinze gadis, mTavari ki isaa am gzebze jvari siyvarulis SinaarsiT vataroT Tav-is vertikalur (RmerTis) da horizontalur (moyva-sis) wrfeebSi. yovelive es rom SevZloT, Cvens TavSi unda aRmovaCinoT, `visi gorisa varT~.

bolosityvaoba

batoni Salva nucubiZe universitetSi kiTxu-lobs `vt-is“ cnobil strofs: `ese ambavi sparsuli, qarTulad naTarganebi“… naTargmanebi ar unda gav-igoT dRevandeli mniSvnelobiT. adre araerT sityvas sxva Sinaarsi hqonda. magaliTad, ministri _ msaxurs niSnavda, patrons cxens dauWerda da zed Sesvamda. axlandeli ministrebi ki, Tu undaT cxenidan Camogs-vamen da virze Segsvamen. niko kecxovelma Tvalebi daubriala. `me batono, burJuaziul ministrebze mogaxseneb“, _ miugo didma Salva nucubiZem.

Rrma pativiscemiT, TavmdablobiT da krZal-viT gTxovT, batono ministrebo, acxovreT Tqveni Tanamdeboba realobaSi sityvis Zveli mniSvnelo-biTi SinaarsiT, dagviWireT cxeni, rom niWieri mx-edrobisaTvis ukve sazrisSi momwifebuli qarTuli sityva SevsvaT masze. qarTuli sityva, romelsac `mileniumebiT utarebia Sinagani SegrZneba _ samSob-loze maRla WeSmariteba daeyenebina.

WeSmaritebaa qarTuli sityva, romelsac Seu-Zlia sityva, romelsac SeuZlia sityva acxovros mdidari sagnobrivi mniSvnelobiT. WeSmaritebaa qarTuli sityva, romelsac SeuZlia icxovros eris qvecnobierSi, rogorc enis gansaxebis esTetikurma fenomenma. WeSmaritebaa qarTuli sityva, romelsac xelewifeba TxuTmetsaukunovani mTlianobiT icxov-ros, rogorc Tanadroulma mowme cnobierebam.

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sarCevirecenzia .............................................................................3

winasityvaoba .....................................................................4

daviT kldiaSvili .............................................................7

`piramidebSi~ .................................................................... 24

paolo iaSvilis leqsi `piramidebSi~ ............................. 25

leqsis Sinaarsi ................................................................ 26

grZnoba-gancda ................................................................ 27

musikaluroba................................................................... 28

sityva elvare .................................................................. 28

leo qiaCelis moTxroba .................................................. 31

SiSis gasanadgureblad aSvebuli

cecxlovani frani ........................................................... 31

winasityvaoba ................................................................... 32

leo qiaCeli `haki aZba~ ................................................... 35

SiSi mikrosamyaroSi ........................................................ 43

SiSi – spiraliseburad datrialebuli

cecxlis ali qalaqSi ...................................................... 47

grZnobebis ori mdinare moTxrobaSi ............................. 54

saTauri _ moTxrobis karibWe ........................................ 59

sityvas Sefarebuli mwerali ......................................... 64

personaJTa galerea ........................................................ 65

Smidtis guSagebi ............................................................. 69

raa sagulisxmo am personaJSi ........................................ 74

rodis xdeba sacnauri sityvis idumali metyveleba ... 78

provincializmi da moqalaqeoba .................................... 86

ojaxi, saxli ..................................................................... 89

rogor unda daviwyoT sakuTari Tavis Semecneba? ...... 99

bolosityvaoba .............................................................. 107

Secdomebis gasworeba

gv. 21 _ `RvTiT~ _ unda iyos `RviniT~

gv. 41 _ `perceficirebs~ _ unda iyos `percefcirebs~

gv. 85 _ `sizmarSi~ _ unda iyos `sazrisSi~

gv. 96 _ `simarTlis~ _ unda iyos `simarTles~