manufacturing & industrial location theory – chapter 10 questions 5 lectures left! location...
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Manufacturing & Industrial Location Theory – Chapter 10
Questions 5 lectures left! Location Theory
Weberian location theory
Alfred Weber, 1909One market, two localized Gross RMs Let’s assume two localized Gross RM
sources, S1 & S2
Gross RMs, 50% weight loss for each S1, S2, or M = $4
Alfred Weber, 1909One market, two localized Gross RMs Least cost location is likely to be some
intermediate point Location is ‘pulled’ towards site of greatest
weight loss Varignon frame
Alfred Weber, 1909Labour costs: Isotims Labour costs as
“distortion” to basic transport costs pattern
Isotim Line of equal transport
cost for any material, RM or FP
“X” has cost of $3.
Alfred Weber, 1909Labour costs - Isodapanes Isodapane
Line of total transport costs Determined by summing the value of all isotims at a point And joining all points of equal total transport costs
Alfred Weber, 1909Labour costs – Critical Isodapane Lower labour cost locations OR Cheaper locations due to agglomeration economies Total cost saving of $n per unit Do these locations lie within Critical Isodapane? i.e. $n isodapane If yes, move! (Assume no spatial inertia)
What is wrong with Weberian industrial location theory? Single point markets
Geographic variation in demand Over emphasis on transport Terminal costs ignored Labour is mobile yet localized Vast number of component inputs for most
manufacturing Single plant independent firms is unrealistic
Spatial Margins to Profitability Slopes could be very
gradual Noneconomic factors
may prompt nonoptimum location within margins
Firms may not have data to determine the optimum
Manufacturing: Regional Patternsand Issues Manufacturing in Canada
Tariff Import substitution Protect infant industries Foster industrialization and create industrial
jobs Linkages with other Canadian manufacturers 3rd Plank of the National Policy of 1869
Implications of the Tariff for Canadian Manufacturing Industrialization benefits for southern Ontario and
Quebec, rapid urban –industrial growth Deindustrialization of Maritimes 1870s and 1880s Higher costs due to tariff and low Canadian productivity
were a small price to pay for Ontario & Quebec The seeds of
Western alienation Sir John A. & Conservatives!
Implications of the Tariff for Canadian Manufacturing Foreign ownership Tariff factories Branch plant economy
Technological dependency High costs, low productivity Not competitive on world markets
No mandate to export Main links to U.S. not Canada!
By 1980s, NTBs more significant