manifest destiny america claims a continent. manifest destiny other people “must give way to our...
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Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny
AmericaClaims a Continent
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Manifest Destiny
Other people “must give way to our manifest destiny to overspread and possess the whole of the continent which __________ has given us for the development the great experiment in liberty.” – John L. O’Sullivan (1845)
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Election of 1840
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President John TylerElected in 1840 as Harrison’s Vice Pres.First VP to succeed to presidencyNominally a Whig, actually an anti-Jackson DemocratBecomes a president without a partyDubbed "His Accidency" by his detractors, John Tyler was the first Vice President to be elevated to the office of President by the death of his predecessor.
Henry Clay and Daniel Webster attempted to control presidency – Harrison and later TylerTyler would not give in to Clay’s National Bank although he was willing to compromiseWhen the Whig Congress passes a similar Bank bill Tyler vetoes it on the grounds of states rightsWhig’s dismiss Tyler from the Whig PartyAlthough a states right advocate Tyler strengthened the __________Replaced the Whig cabinet with __________Spread the developing sectional cleavage wider
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Election of 1844Early Candidates
John Tyler MartinVan Buren Democrat
INDEPENDENTS PARTY LEADERS
WhigJohn C. Calhoun Henry Clay
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Election of 1844Surviving Candidates
Both Whigs and Democrats expected party loyalty: commitment to the party was a characteristic of both parties during the 1840s.
Whigs: Henry Clay – nominated on the first and only ballot No Party Platform – a statement of general principals:
Well-regulated currencyTariff to defray the necessary expenses of the government & for the protection of domestic labor
“No position” on annexation of TX
Democrats: James K. Polk Favor annexation of Texas & all of Oregon
“Reoccupation of Oregon and reannexation of Texas” “Fifty-four Forty or Fight”
Liberty Party (Anti-slavery) James Birney Opposed annexation
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Election of 1844
Clay1,299,062
Polk1,337,243
Birney 62,300
NEW YORK – 36 Electoral VotesBirney receives 15,800 votes in New YorkClay looses New York by 5,100 votesBirney probably drew his support from Clay votesIf Clay wins New York he wins the Election 141 to 134
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Polk’s Program
1. __________ __________
2. Reestablish an __________ __________
3. Settlement of __________ _________ dispute
4. Acquisition of __________ from Mexico
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The Santa Fe Trail1845
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The Oregon Territory(Joint Occupancy)
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The Oregon Trail
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Became a tireless promoter of the West
__________ Oregon Trail
Explored Far West and California
His reports helped spark Easterners’ interest
John Charles Frémont(The “Pathfinder”)
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Fort Laramie Treaty(1851)
Between US and tribes of the northern plainsUS would:
Compensate tribes for damage caused by _______ _______Confine wagon trains to __________ __________Prevent __________
Tribes would:Stop attacking __________ __________Allow army to build forts along __________ __________Confine themselves to __________ __________
Concept of “specified areas” created intellectual foundation for later __________ system