making it #10 - the health of nations

7/30/2019 Making It #10 - The health of nations

1/48

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2/48

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3/48

Cènf

Ajnzgtn`kNf zatc} gi nfzatf`zngf`k jayakgxcafz+ nz n} gizaf zèaf igt bt`fzazl`z ra`kzl nfaynz`dk~ ka`j} zg la`kzl+ fj zl`z zlataigta gfk~ zlamgqfztna} rnzl ra`kzlnat amgfgcna} rnkk da dka zg ig}zat zlamgfjnzngf} igt la`kzlnat xgxqk`zngf& Nf zln} mgfza|z+ nfzatf`zngfjayakgxcafz aiigtz} q}q`kk~ igmq} gf nfzatyafzngf} zg enme#}z`tzamgfgcnm btgrzl+ gf zla }}qcxzngf zl`z amgfgcnm }qmma}} rnkk at`jnm`za }nmefa}} fj jn}a`}a& Dqz rl`z ni zla x`t`jnbc n} iknxxajla`kzl~ xgxqk`zngf} damgca dqnkjnfb dkgme igt la`kzl~ amgfgc@} rakk } Zla Ra`kzl gi F`zngf} zla znzka gi @j`c ]cnzl} itaa c`dndka }lgqkj ra xatl`x} k}g da z`kenfb dgqz zla la kzl gi f`zn

Nf zln} n}}qa giCènfb Nz+ gqt mgfztndqzgt} mgf}njat }gca gi zlc`f~ nfzat}amzngf} rlata xtgjqmznya mznynzna} fj la`kzl mgfmatcaaz& Nf zla ea~fgza tznmka+ Xtgia}}gt Ek`q} Kan}nfbat tbqa} zl`

z`meknfb zla m~mka gi xgyatz~ fj xggt la`kzl tapqnta} x`tzfat}lnx`kgfb zla afznta la`kzl y`kqa ml`nf+ fj zl`z xl`tc`maqznm`kmgcx`fna} l`ya y`kq`dka mgfztndqzngf zg cèa+ kgfb}njabgyatfcafz}+ nfzatf`zngf`k gtb`fn`zngf} fj fgf#bgyatfcafzgtb`fn`zngf}& Otbaf Tanfl`tjz kgge} z zla xl`tc`maqznm`k nfjitgc jniiatafz xat}xamznya+ a|`cnfnfb zla xtg}xamz} igt zla kgm`xtgjqmzngf gi xl`tc`maqznm`k} nf @itnm`&

Gi mgqt}a+ zlata n} cqml cgta zg la`kzl fj nfjq}zt~ zl`f oq}z xl`tc`maqznm`k }amzgt+ fj gzlat mgfztndqzgt} a|xkgta n}}qa} }qmlzla tn}e zg b`tcafz rgteat} la`kzl nf zla f`ca gi i`}lngf+ zla ja}gi la`kzl m`ta apqnxcafz igt zlg}a gf kgrat nfmgca}+ `fj zla

fqztnzngf`k nf`japq`mna} gi i`}z gt oqfe iggj& Gqt Lgz Zgxnm giiamgfzt`}znfb ynar} gf aiigtz} zg dtnfb f afj zg b`} ik`tnfb+ xt`mznm`btaa n} r`}za gi xgzafzn`k afatb~+ dqz zlg}a rlg knya nf zla ynmnfnrlata nz zèa} xk`ma k}g mk`nc n} j`c`bnfb zlant la`kzl&

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4/48

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5/48

Cènf

Fqcdat 08+ 4fj pq`tzat 48

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XGKNM^ DTNAI:4 Gqzmgca gi zla Dq}`f Iggf @nj Aiiamznyafa}}:: Af`dknfb c`fqi`mzqtnfbmgcxaznznyafa}} zltgqbl}q}z`nf`dka nfzatyafzngf}

:9 Afjxnama Zla M`tdgf Zgf ~gqfb jqkz} zznzqja}

zgr`tj} mknc`za ml`fba fjm`tdgf iggzxtnfznfb

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za`tnfb zlant l`nt gqz+ } ]agqktnja} tgqbl#}lgj gyatnfzatf`zngf`k }z`fj`tj} fj`btaacafz} rlnka danfb iazajnfzatf`zngf`kk~ igt nz} btaaftlazgtnm&$

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d~ t`xnj nfjq}ztn`k btgrzl& @}zla IZtnblzk~ xgnfz} gqz+$Cqml gi zla Egta`fmgqfzt~}nja l`} kta`j~ daaf}`y`baj d~ mgf}ztqmzngf fjc`f~ }g#m`kkaj btaaf xtgoamz}`ta oq}z f a|mq}a zg k`~ cgtaz`tc`m+ dqnkj lgzak} fjjayakgx rnkjatfa}} zl`z}lgqkj da kaiz } fnc`k

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7/48

Cènf

gzlat igtc} gi jnyat}nz~ka`j} zg cgta }gxln}znm`zajzlnfenfb fj qkznc`zak~cgta mgcxaznznyaamgfgcna}& Bta`zattaxta}afz`zngf gi iac`kaka`jat} rnkk l`ya zla xgrat zg}l`xa dazzat rgtkj igt kk giq}& Rgcaf l`ya }g cqmlxgzafzn`k fj nz n} gqtta}xgf}ndnknz~ zg kayat`ba

zlac d~ xtgynjnfb cgtagxxgtzqfnzna} igt rgcaf kk`tgqfj zla rgtkj+ nfmkqjnfbgfbgnfb }qxxgtz fjacxgratcafz gi iac`kaafztaxtafaqt} nf dgzljayakgxaj fj jayakgxnfbmgqfztna}&kGt}n X`te`f~n+ igqfjat fjMAG+ Rgcaf }Afztaxtafaqt}+ ]~jfa~+@q}zt`kn`+ tamanyaj d~ ac`nk&

A`}z @itnm`? cn}}ajgxxgtzqfnz~7Nf C`tml+ nfjq}ztn`kn`zngfa|xatz} mgfyafaj nfDqoqcdqt`+ Dqtqfjn+ zgigtcqk`za f mzngf xk`f igtzla A`}z @itnm`fMgccqfnz~} ,[email protected]}ztn`kn`zngf Xgknm~ fj]zt`zab~& Nf ln} gxafnfb

`jjta}}+ Jt& F~`còaoaRabbgtg+ zla A@M Jntamzgt giXtgjqmznya fj ]gmn`k]amzgt}+ dgkjk~ xtgmk`ncajzl`z zla bg`k r`} zg mta`za cgjatf+ mgcxaznznya+ fjj~f`cnm nfjq}ztn`k }amzgt+iqkk~ nfzabt`zaj nfzg zlabkgd`k amgfgc~& Zln} bt`fjtlazgtnm+ knea c`f~ nfjq}ztn`k

yn}ngf}+ r`} rgtt~nfb?nfjq}ztn`kn`zngf cq}z rgteigt+ fj dafainz+ mnznaf}5 fgzxtgcgza bkgd`k nc`ba&

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`btnmqkzqt`k acxkg~cafz`fj mgfztndqza gyat >8 gifar ogd}& Aiigtz} zl`z nbfgtazln} i`mz rnkk infj zlac}akya}gxat`znfb nf `f nja`knajy`mqqc nf rlnml nz n}`}}qcaj zl`z `kk dq}nfa}}a}`ta c`f`baj igtc`kk~& Iarogd} m`f da mta`zaj zln} r`~+`fj a|xgtzat} zl`z `taxtgxxaj qx d~ zlabgyatfcafz lgrayat rakk#ca`fnfb q}q`kk~ gfk~ x`j

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Zl`feiqkk~+ zla ta}qkz} gizla A@M caaznfb }lgrajcgta xtgcn}a zl`f zlagtnbnf`kk~ }z`zaj bg`k}& Zlaxk`f xtngtnzna} nfzt`#tabngf`k zt`ja+ }qbba}znfbzl`z xtgjqmz} mgqkj caazkgm`k jac`fj& @ igmq} gf

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rnkk da `f ncxgtz`fz akacafz+`kgfb}nja zltnynfb xtny`za}amzgt+ nf jaknyatnfb kgfb#zatc`fj dtg`j#d`}aj xtg}xatnz~ nfzla jayakgxnfb rgtkj&k_`lnj Zgtta}#T`lc`f+igqfjat fj jntamzgt+Dq}nfa}} Inblz} Xgyatz~+rrr&dq}nfa}}inblz}xgyatz~&gtbtamanyaj d~ ac`nk&

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8/48

CènfbNzzl mafzqt~ fj zla Qfnzaj ]z`za} gi@catnm` zla k`zzat l`ki gi zla 48zl+ c`f~daknaya zl`z ra ta fgr afzatnfb zla@}n`f mafzqt~+ zl`z zla d`k`fma gi }gmn`k+amgfgcnm `fj xgknznm`k xgrat n} t`xnjk~}lniznfb itgc zla Ra}z zg zla A`}z& @}n`fmgccafz`zgt} `ta oqcxnfb gf zlad`fjr`bgf+ ygnmnfb gxnfngf} rlnml m`fda }qcc`tnaj }+ Nz n} gqt znca fgr&Ra rnf fj ~gq kg}a&

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10/48

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18/48

CènfbNz0&

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at} q}nfb lg}a} inkkaj rnzl }`fj zg dk`}z `r`~`z oa`f} mta`znfb ` c`}}nyak~ jq}z~ afyntgf#cafz& Gizaf rgteat} `ta fgz bnyaf `f~ igtc gixtgzamzngf+ `fj c`f~ }ncxk~ rnfj mkgzl}`tgqfj zlant i`ma zg xtgzamz zlac}akya} itgczla }`fj& Gfa rgtexk`ma nf D`fbk`ja}l l`}daaf ja}mtndaj `} knea ja}atz jqtnfb }`fj#}zgtc& Nz n} a}znc`zaj zl`z `kcg}z l`ki gi zla488 cnkkngf x`nt} gi oa`f} a|xgtzaj itgcD`fbk`ja}l a`ml ~a`t `ta }`fjdk`}zaj&

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Lgrayat+ fgfa gi zla dt`fj} `btaaj zgta}xgf}ndnknz~ igt zla mgcxtalaf}nya }mtnfb gi rgteat} igt }nknmg}n} `fj af}qtnfb

`f~ ìiamzaj l`ya xtgxat cajnm`k zta`zc`fj `mma}} zg `japq`za cajnm`k i`mnknMgcx`fna} cq}z zèa ta}xgf}ndnknz~ igt zrgteat} ni zla~ ta zacxzaj zg ka`ya ta}x}ndnknz~ igt zlant rgteat} la`kzl zg gzlat}zlat jgrf zla }qxxk~ ml`nf+ zln} mgxtgynja kgm`k }qxxknat} rnzl zla gxxgtzqzg mgyat qx xgzafzn`k gt ta`k m`}a} gi }nknmrlaf zla~ `tn}a& Zln} n} a}xamn`kk~ ztqmgqfztna} }qml `} D`fbk`ja}l rlatajgmzgt gf }nza n} x`nj igt d~ zla i`mzgt~ c`~ da zla gfk~ cajnm`k xtgia}}ngf`k `y`dka zg zla rgteat}&

Ta`knz~ gf zla btgqfjJa}xnza zla d`f} ncxg}aj d~ c`f~ mgcfna}+ tamafz ta}a`tml qfjatzèaf d~ Mx`tzfat} nf D`fbk`ja}l }lgraj ` yat~ jnafz ta`knz~& Nf nfzatynar} rnzl rgteat} ifnfa i`mzgtna}+ fa`tk~ l`ki gi zlac njafznzla k`dak} gi dt`fj} }lgrf zg zlac `} dc`fqi`mzqtaj `fj }`fjdk`}zaj nf zla i`tna} nf rlnml zla~ rgteaj& Zla}a dt`fj}

]`fjdk`}znfb n} q}aj zgmta`za rgtf x`zmla} gfzla kab}+ d`me `fj efaa}

gi jafnc oa`f}& Nf&&&c`f~ mgqfztna} nz n}jgfa c`fq`kk~ d~

rgteat} q}nfb lg}a}inkkaj rnzl }`fj zg dk`}z`r`~ `z oa`f} mta`znfb `

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a|xgtzaj itgcD`fbk`ja}l a`ml ~a`t

`ta }`fjdk`}zaj&


21/48

Cènf

mkqjaj c`f~ rlnml mk`nc zg l`ya d`ffaj}`fjdk`}znfb&

Zlata r`} }gca aynjafma zl`z dq~at d`f}l`ya l`j f ncx`mz gf zla q}a gi }`fjdk`}z#

nfb nf D`fbk`ja}l& Igt a|`cxka+ }ayat`kefgrf }`fjdk`}znfb qfnz} l`ya fgr mkg}ajjgrf& Lgrayat+ nf bafat`k+ zla ncx`mz gid`f} `xxa`t} zg l`ya daaf x`zml~+ xggtk~cgfnzgtaj fj rnjak~ mntmqcyafzaj+ z ka`}znf zla cògtnz~ gi i`mzgtna} zla MMM nfya}zn#b`zaj& Igt a|`cxka+ }lgmenfbk~+ zla MMMigqfj zl`z tab`tjka}} gi rlazlat dt`fj l`}d`ffaj }`fjdk`}znfb gt fgz+ c`fq`k }`fj#dk`}znfb }znkk zèa} xk`ma+ gizaf `z fnblz zg`ygnj jazamzngf d~ `qjnzgt} gt gzlat}& Nf `j#jnzngf+ }c`kkat rgte}lgx}+ xtgjqmnfb igt zlakgm`k c`teaz+ mgfznfqa zg q}a c`fq`k }`fj#

dk`}znfb a|zaf}nyak~&

La`kzl `fj }ìaz~Zla MMM} tamafz nfya}znb`zngf `k}g qfmgy#ataj ` xta}}nfb faaj zg nfmta`}a `r`tafa}}gi zla la`kzl tn}e} gi }`fjdk`}znfb `cgfbrgteat}& Ta}a`tml }lgr} zl`z kzlgqbl }gcargteat} `ta `r`ta gi zla xgzafzn`k j`fbat}gi }`fjdk`}znfb+ zla~ `ta xtax`taj zg rgteigt zla lnblat r`ba} giiataj& Nz r`} `k}g jn}#

mgyataj zl`z zla cajnm`k jn`bfg}n} fj zta`z#cafz `y`nk`dka zg rgteat} n} rgaiqkk~ nf`ja#pq`za+ fj zl`z r`tafa}} gi zla knfe dazraafb`tcafz }`fjdk`}znfb `fj }nknmg}n} `cgfb

cajnm`k xt`mznzngfat} n} `kcg}z fgf#a|n}zafz&Bnyaf zl`z zla k`zafm~ xatngj gi }nknmg}n} m`fda qx zg zaf ~a`t}+ zla MMM n} m`kknfb igtqtbafz mzngf zg xtayafz xgzafzn`k axnjacnm`cgfb ~gqfb rgteat}&

Nf k`za C`tml+ zla MMM lakj `f a|xatz}caaznfb nf Bafay` zg jn}mq}} zla mgfznfqajq}a gi }`fjdk`}znfb nf jafnc xtgjqmzngf fjzla faaj zg jayakgx xtgxat cgjak} gi mgc#xaf}`zngf rgteat} ìiamzaj gt xgzafzn`kk~ ì#iamzaj d~ }nknmg}n}& Jqtnfb zla caaznfb+rgteat} `fj cajnm`k xtgia}}ngf`k} itgcD`fbk`ja}l+ Mlnf` `fj Zqtea~ tak`zaj zlant

a|xatnafma}& Zla }ncnk`tnzna} rata }z`tzknfb ~gqfb rgteat} i kknfb nkk izat }ayat`k cgfzl}`z rgte5 rgteat} x`nj lnblat r`ba}+ aiiam#znyak~ dam`q}a i`mzgt~ grfat} efar zlantrgtenfb knya} rgqkj da cqml }lgtzat5 `fjrgteat} igtmaj zg rgte qx zg 04 lgqt }lniz}nf nfmtajndk~ jq}z~ afyntgfcafz} rnzl knzzkagt fg xtgzamzngf itgc zla }`fj& Gfma }nme+zla rgteat} `kk i`maj xtgdkac} nf bazznfb `xtgxat jn`bfg}n} x`tzk~ dam`q}a zla~ k`meaj

xtgxat rgte mgfzt`mz} `fj zlataigtafgz xtgya ` rgte tak`zngf}lnx rnzl z

zgt~+ cènfb nz xg}}ndka igt ` i`mzgt~ zzla rgteat} l`j ayat rgteaj zlata `f}qiiatnfb itgc `f gmmqx`zngf`k `nkczqtf+ zln} ca`f} zl`z rgteat} `tajafnaj }gmn`k }amqtnz~ `fj xaf}ngf Jgmzgt} zgkj zla caaznfb zl`z mgkkgizaf i`nkaj zg jn`bfg}a }nknmg}n} dam`qr`} fgz ` jn}a`}a zla~ a|xamzaj zg }la`kzl~ ~gqfb b`tcafz rgteat nf}zajn`bfg}aj zqdatmqkg}n} gt ` bafatxtgdkac&

@ j`fbatgq} gmmqx`zngf

Nf 0>>1+ zla Rgtkj La`kzl Gtb`fn,RLG. `fj zla Nfzatf`zngf`k K`dgqt n`zngf ,NKG. k`qfmlaj `f Nfzatf`zngfbt`cca gf Bkgd`k Akncnf`zngf gi ]dqz+ }g i`t+ nz jga} fgz nfmkqja `mzngf mg}n} nf zla b`tcafz nfjq}zt~& Zlr`fz} zg af}qta zl`z }nknmg}n} nf zla bnfjq}zt~ n} nfmkqjaj nf zla Xtgbt`}xlata gi rgte+ `fj zl`z b`tcafz nfjjainfaj `} ` j`fbatgq} gmmqx`zngfNKG'RLG tqka}& Zln} rnkk lakx t`n}a fa}} gi zla xg}}ndnknz~ gi b`tcafz r}qiiatnfb itgc }nknmg}n} `fj lakx }qxx

MMM} m`kk} igt d`f& @ mgta x`tz gi zlOa`f} M`cx`nbf n} ` m`kk igt zla AqQfngf zg d`f zla ncxgtz`zngf gi }`fjoa`f} itgc mgqfztna} rlnml l`ya fgzcafzaj ` f`zngf`k d`f&

Zla MMM n} mgfmatfaj zl`z zla i`dt`fj} zg ml`fba zlant ja}nbf}+ fj'gmta`}a xtgjqmzngf znca zg `kkgr }qxx}lniz zg cgta k`dgqt#nfzaf}nya fj }kgrn}lnfb zamlfnpqa}+ n} fgz lakxnfb dtafj zg zla xt`mznma }gcaznca} mk`f`fj }gcaznca} gyatz gi }`fjdk`}zgtjat zg ta`kk~ cèa ` jniiatafma+ mgc

cq}z `j`xz rl`z zla~ gtjat itgc i`Zla~ faaj zg lakx afj zla jac`fj igzl`z faaj zg da }`fjdk`}zaj nf gtjat mggk& Nf 4882+ zla `yat`ba ncxgtz xtx`nt gi oa`f} ncxgtzaj zg zla AqtQfngf itgc D`fbk`ja}l r`} gfk~Bnyaf zla afj xtnma gi ` x`nt gi oa`bnyaf zl`z lqc`f knia n} xtnmaka}}+ nz dnb dt`fj} c`ja }gca }atngq} xtgjml`fba}& f

@mznyn}z} nf Dakbnqc}z`ba f r`tafa}}#t`n}nfb jacgf}zt`zngfja}nbfaj zg dtnfblgca zg mgf}qcat} zlata`knzna} gi }`fjdk`}zajoa`f} xtgjqmzngf&

Xlgzg?

MMM4808


22/48

C`enfbNz44Xlgzg?n}zgme


23/48

C`enf

Caaznfb zlabkgd`k la`kzl

ml`kkafba?zla tgka gi zlaxl`tc`maqznm`k

nfjq}zt~ d~Ek`q}C&Kan}nfbat+Ml`ntc`f gi zla

Fgy`tzn} Igqfj`zngfigt ]q}z`nf`dkaJayakgxcafz


24/48

CènfbNz4:

La`kzl n} mtqmn`kk~ ncxgtz`fz }gmn`k fjamgfgcnm }}az mgtfat}zgfa igt lqc`fjayakgxcafz& Zltaa gi zla anblz CnkkaffnqcJayakgxcafz Bg`k} ,CJB}. m`kk igt }xamninmla`kzl ncxtgyacafz} d~ 4801? tajqmnfb mlnkj fjc`zatf`k cgtz`knz~ ,CJB : ) 1.+ fj }kgrnfb zla}xta`j gi LNY'@NJ]+ c`k`tn` fj zqdatmqkg}n},CJB 9.& La`kzl n} k}g nfmta`}nfbk~ ynaraj }iqfj`cafz`k zg zla mlnayacafz gi gzlat CJB}+nfmkqjnfb at`jnm`znfb a|ztaca xgyatz~ `fjlqfbat ,CJB 0.+ mlnaynfb qfnyat}`k xtnc`t~ajqm`zngf ,CJB 4.+ xtgcgznfb bafjat apq`knz~`fj acxgratcafz ,CJB =.+ fj af}qtnfbafyntgfcafz`k }q}z`nf`dnknz~ ,CJB 2.&

Ncxtgynfb bkgd`k la`kzl+ x`tznmqk`tk~ cgfbzla xggt+ n} f nfzatf`zngf`k jayakgxcafz

xtngtnz~& Rgtkjrnja+ gyat zla x`}z igqt jam`ja}+ncxta}}nya jy`fma} l`ya daaf c`ja? ja`zl}gi qfjat#inya} l`ya jtgxxaj zg zlant kgra}z kayaknf }n| jam`ja}5 cgta rgcaf baz }enkkaj lakxjqtnfb mlnkjdntzl5 cgta xagxka l`ya mma}} zg}ìa jtnfenfb r`zat fj }`fnz`zngf5 fj ja`zl}itgc c`k`tn` l`ya daaf tajqmaj d~ 48&Dqz afgtcgq} ml`kkafba} tac`nf&

Zla }m`ka gi zla ml`kkafba@} lnblknblzaj nf zla Cnkkaffnqc JayakgxcafzBg`k} Taxgtz 4800+ nf }xnza gi }qd}z`fzn`k

xtgbta}}+ mlnkj cgtz`knz~ tac`nf} qf`mmaxz`dk~lnbl+ fgz`dk~ nf }qd#]`l`t`f @itnm`& Rgtkjrnja+a`ml ~a`t+ gyat anblz cnkkngf mlnkjtaf jna itgcxtayafz`dka m`q}a} fj cgta zl`f =18+888rgcaf jna itgc xtayafz`dka xtabf`fm~ fjmlnkjdntzl#tak`zaj mgcxknm`zngf}& Xtgbta}} n}cg}z kncnzaj nf zla kgra}z nfmgca fj ka`}zjayakgxaj mgqfztna}+ x`tznmqk`tk~ cgfb zla tqt`kxggt&

Nf 4800+ dgqz 0&: dnkkngf gi zla rgtkj} }ayafdnkkngf xagxka rata knynfb nf a|ztaca xgyatz~,ca`}qtaj z Q]*0&4: j`~. fj 4&1 dnkkngf nf`d}gkqza xgyatz~ ,ca`}qtaj z Q]*4 j`~.& Nkk#

la`kzl iiamz} zla xggt jn}xtgxgtzngf`zak~? zla~}qiiat itgc lnblat kayak} gi jn}a`}a fj jna a`tknatzl`f zla dazzat#gii& @kgfb rnzl kgr nfmgca}+ zla~i`ma c`kfgqtn}lcafz+ fqztnzngf`k jainmnafmna}+k`me gi }ìa jtnfenfb r`zat fj }`fnz`t~ i`mnknzna}+}pq`knj knynfb mgfjnzngf}+ fj nf`japq`za mma}}

zg d`}nm xtayafznya fj mqt`znya la`kzlm`ta&Jn}a`}a nz}aki tanfigtma} xgyatz~ d~ jamta`}nfbxagxka} dnknz~ zg rgte fj jaxkaznfbxtgjqmznynz~&

Fg }nkyat dqkkazMl`fbnfb zln} n} }q}z`nf`dka jayakgxcafzxtngtnz~+ dqz zlata n} fg }nkyat dqkkaz? z`meknfb zlam~mka gi xgyatz~ fj xggt la`kzl n} mgcxka| fj}gcazlnfb fg }nfbka gtb`f gi }gmnaz~ m`f jg`kgfa& Nz nfygkya} cgta zl`f tajqmnfb zla xtnma gicajnmnfa& Nz tapqnta} x`tzfat}lnx kgfb zla afzntala`kzl y`kqa ml`nf itgc ta}a`tmlnfb fabkamzajjn}a`}a} fj zt`nfnfb xat}gffak+ zg tagtnafznfbxgknm~ mlgnma} fj zla jn}ztndqzngf gi ta}gqtma} zbkgd`k+ f`zngf`k fj kgm`k kayak}&

Bkgd`k cqkzn#}zèalgkjat xxtg`mla} zl`znfmkqja nfjq}zt~ ta zla }gkqzngf& Xl`tc`maqznm`kmgcx`fna} l`ya y`kq`dka mgfztndqzngf zg cèanf iqkinkknfb zla tnblz zg la`kzl kgfb}njabgyatfcafz}+ nfzatf`zngf`k gtb`fn`zngf}+ fgf#bgyatfcafz`k gtb`fn`zngf} ,FBG}. `fj gzlat}&

Zla tnblz zg la`kzlDanfb la`kzl~ n} igqfj`zngf igt amgfgcnmjayakgxcafz fj a}}afzn`k zg bggj pq`knz~ giknia& @tznmka 41 gi zla Qfnyat}`k Jamk`t`zngf giLqc`f Tnblz} }z`za} zl`z ayat~gfa l`} zla tnblz

zg }z`fj`tj gi knynfb japq`za igt zla la`kzl fjrakk#danfb gi lnc}aki fj gi ln} i`cnk~+ nfmkqjnfbiggj+ mkgzlnfb+ lgq}nfb fj cajnm`k m`ta&Iqkinkknfb zla tnblz zg la`kzl n} fgz gfk~ dgqzaf}qtnfb zla d}afma gi nkkfa}}+ nfintcnz~ fjjn}`dnknz~5 nz k}g ca`f} af`dknfb }gmn`k rakk#

danfb&Ta`knnfb zla d`}nm la`kzl tnblz} gi zla rgtkj}

xggt nfmkqja} `jjta}}nfb qfjatk~nfb mgfjnzngf}igt la`kzl+ }qml } japq`za fqztnzngf+ }`fnz`zngf+}ìa r`zat+ jamafz lgq}nfb fj rgtenfbmgfjnzngf}& Nz k}g ca`f} bggj bgyatf`fma zgaf}qta i`nt kkgm`zngf gi xqdknm la`kzl ta}gqtma}

zg tajqma zla dqtjaf gi jn}a`}a fj xtayafz`dkacgtz`knz~&

@ xtnc`t~ ta}xgf}ndnknz~Zla c`nf ta}xgf}ndnknz~ igt af}qtnfb xqdknmla`kzl kna} rnzl kgm`k bgyatfcafz} fj f`zngf`k


25/48

Cènf

nf}znzqzngf}& Bgyatfcafz} l`ya zla jqz~ zgta}xamz+ xtgzamz fj iqkinkk zla tnblz zg la`kzlxtgbta}}nyak~+ rnzlnf zlant ca`f}& Zla~ }lgqkj jgzlant da}z zg af}qta y`nk`dnknz~+ mma}}ndnknz~+`mmaxz`dnknz~ fj pq`knz~ gi la`kzl }atynma} nfmkqjnfb taigtcnfb mqttafz la`kzlm`ta }~}zac}zg xg}nznyak~ ncx`mz zla la`kzl gi zla xggt&

F`zngf`k amgfgcnm fj }gmn`k xgknm~xtngtnzna} jazatcnfa rl`z ta}gqtma} baz`kkgm`zaj zg la`kzl+ ajqm`zngf+ }`fnz`zngf fjnfit`}ztqmzqta+ }l`xnfb zla }z`za gi la`kzl gi xgxqk`zngf& Rlata ta}gqtma} ta }m`tma+ zgqblmlgnma} l`ya zg da c`ja+ gizaf z zla a|xaf}a gila`kzlm`ta& @} ta}qkz+ zla iqfj`cafz`k

dqnkjnfb dkgme} igt aiiamznya la`kzl }~}zac} bggj bgyatf`fma+ xtnc`t~ la`kzlm`ta xgknmna}+

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26/48

CènfbNz49

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27/48

Cènf

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28/48

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29/48

Cènf

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}c`tz+ ncxk~nfb zlant bggjfa}}& Zlaf Xax#}nMg jamnjaj zl`z zla}a mlnx} rata la`y~ gfnz} xgmeaz& ]g+ nz ml`fbaj zla ca`f} gi mgge#nfb+ `fj zlaf tacgyaj zla }f`me#}c`tz kgbg`fj zla jamk`t`zngf gi atg#zt`f} i`z} itgc zla

x`meaz}& Dqz+ zln} znca+ nz jnj fgz k`qfml `f`jyatzn}nfb m`cx`nbf&

gfa dgzzka gi mgk` l`} zrnma zla tamgc#cafjaj j`nk~ `jjaj }qb`t `kkgr`fma igt`jqkz} `fj mlnkjtaf& Nz n} fgz nf zla nfzata}z} gizla iggj mgcx`fna} zg `jyatzna zln}& Dqz nz n}nf gqt nfzata}z zg efgr&

Zla }zqj~ `k}g igqfj zl`z mgcx`fna} `tafgz oq}z ntta}xgf}ndka d~ gcn}}ngf+ dqz `k}gd~ jakndat `za cn}taxt a}afz`zngf gi i`mz}`dgqz zla pq`fznz~ gi qf}`zqt`zaj i`z rnzlzt`f}#n}gcat i`zz~ `mnj} zt`f} i`z} nf }lgtz

nf zlant xtgjqmz}& Zt`f} i z}+ igtcaj jqtnfbzla l~jtgbaf`zngf gi yabaz`dka gnk+ `ta knfeajzg }atngq} la`kzl xtgdkac} ,x`tznmqk`tk~ zg `fnfmta`}aj tn}e gi mgtgf`t~ la`tz jn}a`}a.&Lgrayat+ nf Nfjn`+ zla k`r jga} fgz tapqntamgcx`fna} zg jamk`ta zla pq`fznz~ gi zt`f}i`z nf zlant xtgjqmz}& Rl`z nz jga} }`~ n} zl`z` mgcx`f~ m`f cèa ` la`kzl mk`nc zl`z nz}iggj nzac n} zt`f} i`z#itaa+ xtgynjaj zl`z a`ml}atynfb mgfz`nf} ka}} zl`f 8&4 b&

Zln} tabqk`zngf cn}}a} zla c`te dam`q}amgcx`fna} m`f jazatcnfa zla }na gi }atynfbzlac}akya}+ `fj zla~ jg& Igt a|`cxka+ zla

Nfjn`f iggj bn`fz L`kjnt`c} zèa} 08 b+rlnml n} ka}} zl`f ` cgqzliqk+ `} zla }atynfb}na& Zl`z n} lgr nz mk`nc} zg da zt`f} i`z}#itaa& L`kjnt`c} dlqon`+ Xax}nMg} K`~} mlnx}`fj NZM Iggj} Dnfbg mlnx} `kk mgfz`nfajzt`f} i`z}+ rlaf zla~ mk`ncaj gzlatrn}a&Mgcx`fna} m`f baz `r`~ rnzl zln} dam`q}afgdgj~ n} mlamenfb&

Z ea zla m`}a gi Xax}nMg& Nz rafz gf f j#yatzn}nfb }xtaa+ }`~nfb nz} xgz`zg mlnx} ratala`kzl~ dam`q}a zla~ jnj fgz l`ya zt`f} i`z `fjrata mggeaj nf tnma dt`f gnk& Inkc }z`t+ ]`ni @knEl`f+ r`} nz} dt`fj `cd`}}`jgt+ qtbnfb mlnk#

jtaf fj jqkz} zg a`z rnzlgqz bqnkz fj zg iaakm`taitaa& Zla mlnx} rata dt`fjaj }f`me#

Zla M]A }zqj~ igqfj zla mgcx`f~`jjaj nf}qkz zg nfoqt~& Int}z+ ayaf rl`z mk`ncaj zg da zt`f} i`z}#itaa l`j 8&> b088 b& ]amgfj+ x`meaz} gi mlnx} c`fqzqtaj nf Iadtq`t~ 4804 l`j zla j`fbatg

lnbl zt`f} i`z} kayak} gi =&2 b xat 088 b ccgta zl`f zla tamgccafjaj j`nk~ nfz

Mgfz`nf tgqfj ==! i`z+rlnml ca`f} zl`z ni ~gqcqfml }z`fj`tj#}najx`meaz gi mlnx} ,91#21 b.+~gq rnkk mgf}qca dgqzl`ki gi zla j`nk~ i`z pqgz`&

Lnbl nf i`z} fjm`tdgl~jt`za}+ 088 b giEqteqtamlaa}a xqii}xtgynja afgqbl m`kgtna} zg}`zn}i~ gfa pq`tzat gi zlatamgccafjaj j`nk~pqgz`& Ni ~gq ta igfj gi`kgg dlqon`+ ~gq rnkk bazlnbl jg}a} gi } kz fjzt`f} i`z}+ kgfb rnzl lnbl cgqfz gi m kgtna}&

Zln} z`}z~ fj la`kzl~ca`k mgca} rnzl lnbl }`kz`fj acxz~ m`kgtna}& @x`meaz gi fggjka} l`}`tgqfj = b gi }`kz zlatamgccafjaj j`nk~nfzèa n} 9 b& Zla jjnzngfgi ynz`cnf}+ } jyatzn}ajnf C`bbn fggjka}+ jga}fzcèa nz la`kzl~ iggj+ }nz l`} fabknbndka indta5 28!gi nz n} oq}z m`tdgl~jt`za}&

Zla itna} gizaf a`zaf rnzl` dqtbat fj }giz jtnfe`ta k`jaf rnzl i`z}? 48! n}i`z fj 0&9! n} zt`f} i`z}&A`znfb k`tba }atynfb,448 b. ca`f} zl`z ~gq rnkka|maaj zla }ìa kncnz igtzt`f} i`z}& Zlata ta`jjnzngf`k zt`f} i`z} nf zla`mmgcx`f~nfb dqtbat zgg&

EIM} Mlnmeaf _nfbatdqtbat mgfz`nf} 09&>!rlnka CmJgf`kj}Cm@kgg Zneen dqtbatmgfz`nf}


35/48

Cènf

Dqz qfjat Nfjn`} raè iggj tabqk`zngf}+ zla~jnj fgz l`ya zg zakk xagxka rl`z r`} nf zlax`meaz& Nz n} fg }qtxtn}a zlaf zl`z Xax}nMg+ nfnz} giinmn`k tadqzz`k gi zla M]A }zqj~+ }`nj+ @kkxtgjqmz} `ta iqkk~ mgcxkn`fz rnzl tabqk`#

zngf}+ nfmkqjnfb zlg}a gf k`daknfb& Mka`tk~+iggj mgcx`fna} `ta fgz nf zla dq}nfa}} gi

iggj+ dqz nf zla dq}nfa}} gi xtginz&Igkkgrnfb zla M]A za}z}+ zrg pqa}zngf}

rata t`n}aj& Gfa+ rl~ za}z oqfe iggj rlafnz n} kta`j~ efgrf zg da d`j7 Zrg+ rl~ za}zgfk~ x`me`baj iggj+ rlaf `kk Nfjn`f}f`me} `ta }`nj zg da apq`kk~ d`j7

Int}z+ `} zla }zqj~ }lgr}+ ra jg fgzefgr oq}z lgr d`j zln} iggj ta`kk~ n}& Ra}lgqkj efgr cgta+ dam`q}a nz n} mtnznm`kzl`z ra zèa nfigtcaj jamn}ngf} `dgqz gqt

la`kzl& Fgf#mgccqfnm`dka jn}a`}a} itgcl~xat#zaf}ngf zg m`fmat `ta ` bkgd`k axn#jacnm& D`j iggj fj d`j knia}z~ka ta cògtm`q}a} gi zla}a jn}a`}a}& Nfjn`f} `ta a}xa#mn`kk~ yqkfat`dka rlaf nz mgca} zg jn`daza}5`} mgcx`taj zg M`qm`}n`f}+ zla~ `ta bafaz#nm`kk~ jn}xg}aj zg l`ya cgta i`z zl`fcq}mka fj l`ya bta`zat xtgxaf}nz~ zg xqzgf i`z `tgqfj zla `djgcaf& Zla~ `ta `k}gzgg xggt zg mgxa rnzl zla lgttafjgq}la`kzl mg}z} gi jadnknz`znfb jn}a`}a}+ knea jn#`daza}& Zlataigta+ Nfjn`f iggj tabqk`zngf}l`ya zg da ayaf cgta }ztnfbafz nf kncnznfb

pq`fznzna} gi }`kz+ }qb`t fj i`z nf iggj&]amgfjk~+ tab`tjnfb iggj gzlat zl`f

oqfe iggj+ nz cq}z da c`ja mka`t zl`z zt`#jnzngf`k `fj kgm`k jnaz} `ta dqnkz gf zlaxtnfmnxka} gi cgjat`zngf `fj d`k`fma& Zlazt`jnzngf`k Nfjn`f jnaz+ rnzl nz} jnyat}nz~ gitabngf`k mqn}nfa}+ makadt`za} bggj iggj&Zla xtgdkac `tn}a} rlaf ra Cm#Jgf`kjna nz gt }qxat}na oqfe iggj& Zlatnblz zlnfb zg jg n} fgz zg xnz oqfe iggj`b`nf}z Nfjn`f }f`me}+ dqz zg mgf}njat lgrcqml `fj rl`z ra a`z&k Zla Mafzta igt ]mnafma `fj Afyntgfcafz

taxgtz+ A`z `z ~gqt grf tn}e+ r`} xqdkn}laj nf@xtnk 4804&

Zla =88 ck }atynfb+mgf}qcaj rnzl kk enfj} gioqfe iggj+ mgfz`nf} zrnmazla cgqfz gi }qb`t ,gyat:8 b. tamgccafjaj } zlagxzncqc j`nk~ nfzèa&a

making it #10 - the health of nations

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