LIFE AFTER KENNEDYTHE GREAT SOCIETY,BEGINNING OF VIETNAM

LYNDON B. JOHNSON

“COUNTRY BUMPKIN”

BORN IN 1908 IN JOHNSON CITY, TEXAS

ORIGINALLY TEACHER-DEMOCRAT

APPOINTED SECRETARY TO SENATOR KLEIBERG IN 1931

DEMOCRAT

JOHNSON’S POLITICAL RESUME

POLITICALLY FUELED SHOWERED IN COMMUNAL BATHROOMS

4X A DAY TO MEET MORE “CONNECTIONS.”

APPOINTED DIRECTOR OF TEXAS NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION-1935

1937-ELECTED HOUSE OR REPS INCUMBENT SUDDENLY DIED!

WAR HERO TO SENATOR

FIRST CONGRESSMAN TO VOLUNTEER FOR WORLD WAR 2

ELECTED SENATOR IN 1949

ELECTED VICE-PRESIDENT IN 1960 ALONGSIDE JOHN F. KENNEDY

LIFE CHANGING EXPERIENCE

NOVEMBER 27, 1963 PRESIDENT KENNEDY ASSASSINATED

LYNDON JOHNSON TAKES OATH OF OFFICE ON AIR FORCE ONE

LBJ PRESIDENCY

WRITING PROMPT

FOCUS ACTIVITY

“YOU ARE THE VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES AND PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS BEEN ASSASSINATED, YOU MUST NOW TAKE OVER AS PRESIDENT, HOW DO YOU PREPARE TO LEAD MOST POWERFUL COUNTRY IN THE WORLD”?

LIST 3-5 THINGS YOU WOULD DO FROM MOST IMPORTANT TO LEAST IMPORTANT

JOHNSON’S PRESIDENCY

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964

CONTINUED FROM KENNEDY AND PASSED IN 1964-OUTLAWED SEGREGATION

VOTING RIGHTS ACT-1965 GUARANTEED ALL CITIZENS, INCLUDING

BLACKS, THE RIGHT TO VOTE IN ALL STATES.▪ NO BARRIERS TO VOTING

THE GREAT SOCIETY

Lyndon Johnson's Presidency

Elected President again in 1964

Established “The Great Society”

OTHER GREAT SOCIETY PLANS

HIGHER EDUCATION ACT: ESTABLISHED SCHOLARSHIPS AND LOW

INTEREST LOANS FOR POOR STUDENTS

ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY ED. ACT ESTABLISHED BILLIONS OF DOLLARS TO

IMPROVE PUBLIC SCHOOLS

MEDICARE ACT PROVIDED FEDERAL HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL

INSURANCE FOR ELDERLY

MAKING THE CITIES BETTER

MODEL CITIES ACT: GAVE 1.2 BILLION TO IMPROVE HOUSING

AND EDUCATION IN INNER CITIES

DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROVIDES FUNDS AND RESOURCES FOR

HOMEBUYERS AND COMMNUNITY GROUPS

ENTERING VIETNAM

UNITED STATES ENTERED VIETNAM DURING WORLD WAR 2

HELPED THE FRENCH “COLONIZE” INDOCHINA

FRENCH FOUGHT THE VIET-MINH FOR CONTROL OF INDOCHINA 1945-1954

HELPING THE FRENCH

FRENCH WERE LOSING THE WAR AGAINST THE VIET MINH

PLAYED THE “SOVIET COMMUNISM” CARD

U.S. GAVE AID TO THE FRENCH TO HELP FIGHT THE VIET-MINH

FRENCH STILL SUFFERED A HUGE LOSS

SO WHAT IS VIETNAM?

Vietnam is located on the East coast of a region called Indochina

It borders Cambodia Thailand Laos

THE SPLIT OF VIETNAM

•NORTH VIETNAM-COMMUNIST• LED BY HO CHI MINH• VIET-CONG ARMY•Who is Ho Chi-Minh

•SOUTH VIETNAM: NON-COMMUNIST• LED BY NGO DINH DIEM• VIET-MINH ARMY

•OVERALL, THIS WAS A FIGHT TO CONTAIN COMMUNISM IN INDOCHINA!

LET THE GAMES BEGIN!

NOVEMBER 1, 1963 Causes of U.S. in Vietnam

SOUTH VIETNAMESE LEADER NGO DINH-DIEM EXECUTED

NORTH VIETNAMESE QUICKLY POUNDED SOUTH VIETNAM

SOUTH VIETNAM CALLS FOR U.S. AID

JOHNSON SWARES ON THE DOVE

JOHNSON CAMPAIGNED DURING THE 1964 ELECTION THAT HE WOULD NOT FIGHT IN VIETNAM

KENNEDY BELIEVED IN THE “DOMINO THEORY” IF ONE COUNTRY FALLS TO COMMUNISM

THEY ALL WILL FALL.

THE SOUTH VIETNAM PROB.

COMMUNIST WERE NOT JUST IN NORTH VIETNAM

INSURGENCE IN SOUTH VIETNAM WERE ALSO COMMUNIST I.E. DEATH OF DIEM

FIGHTING WAS OCCURRING BETWEEN SVA, NVA AND NOW SVA INSURGENTS.

ARMING THE EMBASSY

DUE TO SOUTH VIETNAM INSURGENTS

PRESIDENT JOHNSON DECIDES TO MILITARIZE THE U.S. EMBASSY IN SOUTH VIETNAM

MILITARIZE: TO MAKE READY FOR WAR OR ATTACK

GENERAL TAYLOR SAYS..

GENERAL MAXWELL TAYLOR APPOINTED TO U.S. EMBASSY PUSHES FOR TROOP INCREASE 700-15,000 OVER ONE YEAR

THIS MARKED HOW INFLUENTIAL THE MILITARY WAS IN THE ADMINISTRATION

WESTY AND THE GULF OF TONKIN

GENERAL WESTMORELAND TAKES OVER THE REIGNS OF THE AMERICAN FORCES

U.S. NAVY IS NOW STATIONED IN THE GULF OF TONKIN EAST OF VIETNAM

AUGUST 2, 1964 USS. MADDOX CAME UNDER FIRE FROM

NORTH VIETNAMESE PT BOAT http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXmxfCvO

7lA&feature=related

SIGNING RESOLUTION

AUGUST 7 ,1964

CONGRESS PASSED THE GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION

JOHNSON RECEIVED A BLANK CHECK TO SPEND AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE TO SECURE US. FORCES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA.

Gulf of Tonkin

EVENT THAT SHOOK THE WORLD

THE GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION

ALLOWED FOR U.S. TROOPS TO ENTER VIETNAM

JOHNSON SENT OVER 100,000 TROOPS TO VIETNAM IN 1965.

QUESTION AT HAND: WOULD U.S. TROOPS BE ABLE TO FIGHT IN THE JUNGLES OF VIETNAM?

PERSPECTIVES OF THE WAR

NORTH VIETNAM: SAME OLD TYPE OF JUNGLE FIGHTING

WAR JUST LIKE THE FRENCH▪ THEY ALL WILL DIE AND WE WILL BE UNITED

AND FREE!

SOUTH VIETNAM/UNITED STATES: SOUTH VIETNAM FLOODED WITH

COMMUNIST U.S. FIGHTING TO CONTAIN COMMUNISM

THE ATTACK PLANS

NORTH VIETNAMESE ATTACK PLAN STRONG WILL TO FIGHT ABILITY TO STAND LONG WAR HIT AND RUN TACTICS/NO ABILITY TO FIGHT

LARGE BATTLES

UNITED STATES/SOUTH VIETNAMESE: BOMB NVA TARGETS ERODE THE POPULATION LIKE WORLD

WAR 2

INCREASING THE TROOPS

1965 UNITED STATES DID 2 MAJOR THINGS▪ SENT 200,00 TROOPS INTO VIETNAM▪ STARTED BOMBING NORTH VIETNAM

THE UNITED STATES ALLIES OR NOT? UNITED STATES CALLED IN OTHER NATIONS▪ NEW ZEALAND, AUSTRALIA, SOUTH KOREA,

THAILAND▪ THE WAR WAS NOW INTERNATIONAL

BATTLE OF LA DRANG

FIRST ENGAGEMENT BETWEEN U.S. AND NORTH VIETNAMESE

TWO PART BATTLE IN NOVEMBER 1965

AMERICANS USED AIR ARTILLERY AND A SUSTAINED ATTACK OVER TO HOLD OFF THE NORTH VIETNAMESE

CUT OFF FROM THE FORCES

FORCES WERE SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE LA DRANG VALLEY

LA DRANG MEANS “RIVER”

EACH PLATOON HAD TO SETUP A LANDING ZONE TO FLY TROOP AND BODIES IN AND OUT

MAP OF THE BATTLE

RESULTS OF LA DRANG

CASUALTIES WERE VERY HIGH FOR THE UNITED STATES DURING THIS TIME

AVERAGE DAILY LOSS FOR THE U.S. WAS 150-200 MEN PER DAY. BATTLE LASTED 3 DAYS

UNITED STATES OVERTOOK NORTH VIETNAMESE STRONG HOLD

MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS

Bruce “Snake Shit” Crandall and Ed “Too Tall” Jones received the Medal of Honor

Medi-Vac Pilots who flew men in and out of the battle for 2 ½ days straight.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfl0eR6woXc

WRITING PROMPT

SHOULD IT BE LEGAL IN WARFARE FOR COUNTRIES TO ATTACK OTHER COUNTRIES DURING HOLIDAYS?

WHY OR WHY NOT?

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OR TWO OR THREE

THE DEADLY OFFENSIVE

JANUARY 31, 1968

VIETNAMESE NEW YEAR▪ CALLED ‘TET”

COMMUNIST FORCES UNLEASHED MASSIVE ATTACKS ON U.S. POSITIONS

UTTER SHOCK CAME OVER THE U.S.

THE TELEVISION DEATHS

TET OFFENSIVE WAS TELEVISED NIGHTLY IN THE U.S. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1vJqTN-qVI

AMERICANS THOUGHT U.S. WAS HANDLING THE VIETCONG

SCENES CAUSED EXTREME PROTEST IN THE U.S.

JOHNSON DID NOT RUN FOR RE-ELECTION IN 1968

ELECTION OF 1968

REPUBLICANS NOMINATED RICHARD NIXON

DEMOCRATS NOMINATED HUBERT HUMPHREY

GEORGE WALLACE-INDEPENDENT

NIXON NARROWLY WON!

THE FIRST PRIORITY

RICHARD NIXON’S FIRST PRIORITY WAS TO EXTRICATE SOLDIERS OUT OF VIETNAM

INCREASED BOMBING OF CAMBODIA, NORTH VIETNAM, LAOS

GOAL: PUT PRESSURE ON BOTH SIDES TO STOP

FIGHTING

TENSIONS WERE HIGH

EVENT #1 PENTAGON PAPERS-1970▪ SHOWED THAT U.S. GOVERNMENT WAS

MASSACRING VIETNAMESE DURING THE WAR

EVENT #2 KENT STATE SHOOTING▪ NATIONAL GUARD TROOPS SHOT AND KILLED

4 STUDENTS DURING PROTEST

THE END OF THE WAR

RICHARD NIXON WAS RE-ELECTED IN 1972

JANUARY 27, 1973

NORTH VIETNAM AND UNITED STATES REACHED A PEACE AGREEMENT

IN 1975, NORTH VIETNAM OVERTOOK SOUTH VIETNAM U.S. HAD SUFFERED THEIR FIRST DEFEAT IN

WAR

VIETNAM BY THE NUMBERS

AMERICANS KILLED 58,174

AMERICANS WOUNDED 304,000

COST: $150 BILLION

AVERAGE AGE OF SOLDIER KILLED: 23 YOUNGEST: 16