Low-energy physics in FranceLow-energy physics in France

• SIRa at GANIL̵� charge radius of 6He

• LIRAT at SPIRAL1/GANIL̵� -b n angular correlations: LPCTrap̵� mirror b decays̵� branching ratio measurements of 0+ - 0+ b decays̵� spectroscopy of proton-rich nuclei: GT strength distribution

• ALTO at Orsay̵� nuclear structure studies

• DESIR and S3-LEB at GANIL̵� the future ISOL facilities of GANIL

Bertram BlankCEN Bordeaux-Gradignan

NuPPEC mini-workshop, GANIL, 09/10/2015

LIRAT

LIRAT

LPCTrap

Production target ECR source

Beams characteristics:

• 10-30 keV, 80 p mm mrad

SPIRAL1 beams: 10-30 keVDE ~ 20eV

SIRa and LIRAT at GANILSIRa and LIRAT at GANIL

SIRa beams: 10-30 keVDE ~ 20eV

SIRa: Charge radii of 6He and 8HeSIRa: Charge radii of 6He and 8He

SIRa: Charge radii of 6He and 8HeSIRa: Charge radii of 6He and 8He

laser spectroscopy in a MOT:Dn = nA – nA’ = dnmass + dncharge

6He: 108pps 8He: 5*105pps

P. Mueller et al.

SPIRAL1 beamsSPIRAL1 beams

SPIRAL1 / LIRAT beamsSPIRAL1 / LIRAT beams

Nanogan ECR sourcepresently in operation

FEBIAD ion sourcePart of SPIRAL1 upgradeSurface ionisation source

Expected yields:

P. Delahaye et al.

LIRAT: weak-interaction studiesLIRAT: weak-interaction studies

• -b n angular correlation measurements• mirror b decays• 0+ - 0+ b decay

] b )cos( [1 W(E)θ)W(E,Em

cve a

Test of V - A theory: a (CS, CV, CT, CA)

Pure GT: aGT (CT, CA)

Pure F: aF (CS, CV)

)C1)(t(

KV

22

ud

F

parameters: M, T1/2 , BR r am (r)

Naviliat & Severijns PRL102(2009)Mirror decays = alternative to 0+ 0+

Severijns et al. RMP78(2006)

• Goals

Current limits: CT /CA < 9% CS /CV < 7%

(allowed transitions, non-oriented nuclei)

Mirror decays: Transition |Vud|

Super-allowed pure FermiNeutronPionSuper-allowed mirror

0.97425 (22)0.9746 (13)0.9728 (30)0.9719(17)

Determination of Vud, test of CKM unitarity:

Standard Model tests with b decayStandard Model tests with b decay

9

HV

Pulsed cavity Paul TrapRFQ

(Cooling & bunching)Pulsed cavity

10 keV 100 eV - <1 eV 1 keV 100 eV 0 eVKEion :

DKE: ~20 eV ~1 eV ~0.1 eV

• Buffer-gas: H2 (He for heavier nuclei)

• accumulation: 200ms (cycle)

~2×108 6He+/s ~2×104 6He+ /cycle

Total efficiency: ~5×10-4

Beam from

LIRAT

LPCTrap at LIRATLPCTrap at LIRAT

X. Fléchard, E. Liénard et al.

• Tensor contribution: First result:

GT: 6He (Johnson et al., PRC 1963) aGT = -0.3308 (30)

Current limits: CT /CA < 9% Severijns & Naviliat PST152(2013)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

500 600 700 800 900 1000

-2

0

2

Cou

nts

P value = 0,71ExperimentFit

Nor

mal

ized

resi

dual

s

ToF (ns)

• Tensor contribution: New result:

Fléchard et al., JPG 38 (2011) abn = - 0.3335 (73) stat (75) syst

2000 2500 3000

-4-2024

10

100

1000

10000

Nor

mal

ized

resi

dual

sC

ount

sTOF (ns)

experiment fit

(DaGT /aGT )expected~ 0.63 %

-b n angular correlations with LPCTrap: 6He-b n angular correlations with LPCTrap: 6He

)C1)(t(

KV

22

ud

Fparameters to be measured:

M (fV), T1/2, BR and r

r = GT/F : least or even unknown quantity

0

2

4

6

8

10

19Ne 21Na Mg23 P29 Cl33 Ar35 K37

Par

ts in

10

3

Parent nucleus

QEC (fV)

t1/2

BR

dR

dC-dNS

r

QEC(fV)

T1/2

BR

dR

dC-dNS

19Ne 21Na 23Mg 29P 33Cl 35Ar 37K

not

mea

sure

d

not

mea

sure

d

10.1

175.

4

57.3

48.1

)1(

)1(23

²

ma

Mirror b decays: CVC and Vud Mirror b decays: CVC and Vud

Preliminary results from LPCTrapPreliminary results from LPCTrap

2000 4000 6000 8000 100000

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Cl4+

Cl3+

Cl2+

Cou

nts

Time of flight (ns)

Cl+~1,5 106 "good events"

Couratin et al. PRA (2013)

74.6 (1.0) %

17.3 (0.4) %

5.7 (0.2) %

1.7 (0.2) %< 1 %

1+ 2+ 3+ 4+ 5+0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

3+ 4+ 5+0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Cha

rge-

stat

e br

anch

ing

ratio

Recoil ion charge

Experiment Theory with Auger Theory without Auger

87.5 (0.9) %

11.8 (0.3) %

0.7 (0.2) %

1+ 2+ 3+ >4+0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

3+ >4+0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

Cha

rge-

stat

e br

anch

ing

ratio

Recoil ion charge

Experiment Theory with Auger Theory without Auger

35Ar: 19Ne:

(Dam /am )expected~ 0.25 % (Dam /am )expected~ 18 %

Precision T1/2 measurement of mirror nucleiPrecision T1/2 measurement of mirror nuclei

17F

21Na

33Cl

improvements achieved:

J. Grinyer et al.

Super-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+Super-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+

14 best known cases…

Super-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+Super-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+

18Ne added…

Super-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+ of 18NeSuper-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+ of 18Ne

BR = 7.285(51)%

H. Bouzomita, G.F. Grinyer, J.-C. Thomas et al.

Super-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+ of 18NeSuper-allowed b decay: 0+ → 0+ of 18Ne

H. Bouzomita, G.F. Grinyer, J.-C. Thomas et al.

18Ne

LIRAT: nuclear structure studiesLIRAT: nuclear structure studies

• Gamow-Teller strength distribution 33Ar

Experimental setup: Silicon cube detectorExperimental setup: Silicon cube detector

• 6 DSSSDs with 16 * 16 strips 50 cm x 50 cm• 6 Plenar silicon detector 50 cm x 50 cm• 3 EXOGAM clover detectors

I. Matea et al., NIM A607 (2009) 576

Proton and g-ray spectra from 33ArProton and g-ray spectra from 33Ar

• proton singles spectrum• protons spectrum avec g coincidence• g-ray spectrum

N. Adimi et al., PRC81 (2010) 024311

33Ar

Quasi complete decay schemeQuasi complete decay scheme

Experiment

N. Adimi et al., PRC81 (2010) 024311

Gamow-Teller strength distributionGamow-Teller strength distribution

33Ar

N. Adimi et al., PRC81 (2010) 024311

ALTO: nuclear structure studiesALTO: nuclear structure studies

PARRNe mass separator

e-LINAC 10 µA 50MeV

(former 1st section of the

CERN LEP injector)

TIS vault>~1.10^11 fissions/s

Target Ion-source ensemblekicker - bender secondary

beam lines

Hall 110experimental

setups

identification station

BEDObeta decay

spectroscopy

ALTO : the e-driven ISOL facility in OrsayALTO : the e-driven ISOL facility in Orsay

D. Verney et al.

LASER ION SOURCE

refractory

Lanthanide RegionSemi refractory (slow release from UCx)

Semi refractory

The variety of the physics program at ALTO strongly depends on RIB availability, intensity and purity

IN-TIS CHIMISTRY

fluorination

efficiency, Z-selectivity

improvement

first successfully laser ionized beam

Phys. Rev. C 88, 047301 (2013)

Progress in beam availability and diversityProgress in beam availability and diversity

D. Verney et al.

BEDO setup neutron detection

TETRAfast timing

LaBr3

up to 5 Ge detectors (ε = 5-6%)4π β trigger

80 3He tubes ε(252Cf) = 53%borated polyethylene shielding

Fast-timing studies using

LaBr3 detectorsA. Etilé, D. Verney et al

Phys. Rev. C 91, 064317 (2015)PhD: D. Testov (IPN)submitted to NIM A

M.A. Cardona, D. Hojman, B. Roussière, I. Deloncle et al.

to be submitted to EPJ A

Nuclear structure in b decayNuclear structure in b decay

Heyde & Wood, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 (2011)

shape coexistences:a general phenomenon?

50

?50

82Ge→8233As49

problem of the spectral distribution of 1+ states in the N=50 region:→ responsible for the half-life of the mother nucleus, possible consequences on the r-process)interpreted by the theoretical work of Severyukhin… Giai et al. (influence of couplings to 2p-2h and tensor interaction)

ubiquitous presence of intruder states of the type 1p-2h → signature of shape coexistence

νg9/2

50

νd5/2

1+

1p-2hconclusion: an «island of inversion» is « missed » at N=50 by 0.5 MeV only !

Though this phenomenon seems to concern all shell-closure regions: not a single study at N=50 for more than 3 decades!(Z=50 a textbook case)

A. Etilé et al., Phys. Rev. C 91, 064317 (2015)

Results from BEDO in -delayed γ-spectroscopy  modeResults from BEDO in -delayed γ-spectroscopy  mode

BEDO/TETRA(existing)

LINO(project)

TAS(project)

TETRA(existing)

Identification station

Parrne mass separator

POLAREX(project)

MLL Trap(project)

LTNO (3He/4He)

Mass measurements

Laser-Induced nuclear orientation (µ,Q, Jp)

Present setups and near-future projectsPresent setups and near-future projects

DESIR - S3-LEB: low-energy facilities for GANILDESIR - S3-LEB: low-energy facilities for GANIL

SPIRAL1

S3

From -9.8 to +7.15 m; 4 levels ~ 2200 m2 (hall = 1200 m2) Exp. Hall at -3.25 m

Facility layoutFacility layout

20162018

2020

Update of the scientific programhttp://www.cenbg.in2p3.fr/desir/-DESIR-S3-LEB-workshop-

• Laser spectroscopy • b-delayed g spectroscopy• b-n angular correlation• Mass measurements• b-delayed charge part., b-n emission• (Trap-assisted) b-decay, Full absorption

spectroscopy

S3-LEB

SPIRAL 1 Upgrade

SPIRAL 2 Phase 2

letters of intent presented at the joint DESIR – S3-LEB workshop (GANIL, March 2014)

100Sn

A~150

Very (Super)-heavyN~Z

Fundamentalinteractions

Closed shells(Z≤28, N≤28; N=50)

b-n

Physics programmePhysics programme

ConclusionsConclusions

rich physics programme

DESIR with S3-LEB and SPIRAL1 (upgraded “SPIRAL1+” and possible future

upgrades “SPIRAL1++”) will allow for an exciting low-energy programme

pity that SPIRAL2 phase it “postponed” until 2025

Thank you for your attention

List of DESIR (updated) LoIs presented at the DESIR – S3-LEB workshop held at GANIL in March 2014

In-trap decay studies1. E. Liénard et al., LPC Caen, “High precision measurement in mirror b decays to test the CVC hypothesis and the CKM unitarity”2. X. Fléchard et al., LPC Caen, “Search for exotic couplings using precision measurements of nuclear b decay” 3. P. Delahaye et al., GANIL, “Test of the time reversal symmetry in the beta decay of 23Mg and 39Ca using an in-trap polarization

method at DESIR”4. B. Blank et al., CENBG, “Search for scalar currents with b-delayed proton emitters”5. S. Grévy et al., CENBG, “In-trap decay spectroscopy to measure neutron energies”

Radioactive decay studies6. T. Kurtukian Nieto et al., CENBG, “High precision measurements of half-lives and branching ratios in mirror b decay”7. H. Guérin et al., CENBG, “High precision studies of the super-allowed beta decay of Tz = 0, -1 and -2 nuclei”

8. J. Giovinazzo et al., CENBG, “Study of the beta-delayed two-proton decay”9. A. Algora et al., IFIC Valencia, “Beta strength measurements in the 100Sn region”10. B. Blank et al., CENBG, “Search for cluster radioactivity in the region above 100Sn”

Laser spectroscopy11. T. Cocolios et al., Univ. Manchester, “From N=Z=28 to the proton drip line at LUMIERE”12. M. Bissell et al., IKS Leuven, “Collinear laser spectroscopy of neutron deficient isotopes of Ag and Sn across the N=50 shell closure”13. D. Yordanov et al., IPN Orsay, ”Laser spectroscopy of very neutron deficient indium and cadmium isotopes”

Mass measurements14. Ch. Weber et al., LMU Munich, “Mass Measurements with MLLTRAP at DESIR: Transfermium nuclides & super-allowed b emitters

revisited”15. D. Lunney et al., CSNSM Orsay, “The mass of 100Sn and the extraordinary binding of N = Z nuclides”16. M. MacCormick et al., IPN Orsay, “High-resolution mass measurements of odd-odd T=1 nuclides”17. D. Lunney et al., CSNSM Orsay, “Mass measurements for SPIRAL2 - phase 1+: mapping the proton drip line in the A=150 region”18. P. Ascher et al., MKPI Heidelberg, “Mass measurement of light nuclei using an MR-TOF-MS or a Penning Trap @ DESIR”

Status of the DESIR project

SPIRAL 1 Upgrade

SP1-U

S3-LEB

S3-LEB

S3-LEB

SP1-U 8 LoI with upgraded SPIRAL1 beams and 10 with S3-LEB beams

DESIR Steering Committee and Collaboration Council meeting, 10/10/14 - GANIL, Caen

Status of the DESIR project

Budget

Cost estimates (Sept. 2015):

Building (2180 m2): 15.9 M€

Beam lines (~140 m): 5.6 M€

RFQ and HRS: 2.5 M€

Total (10% overheads): 21.5 M€

Funding:

• EQUIPEX: 8.0 M€

• Franco-german agreement: 13.5 M€

• CPER: 2.0 M€

DESIR Steering Committee and Collaboration Council meeting, 10/10/14 - GANIL, Caen

1) continuous progress in beam availability and diversity

2) continuous progress in instrumentation availability and diversity

ALTO - the first photo-fission ISOL facility

recent achievements and short-term perspectives

Stable + ISOL beams ~ 4000 h per year(parallel beams)~250 external users (30 countries)/year

ALTO TNA within ENSAR and ENSAR2

-delayed γ-spectroscopyhas been performed since the dawn of the

ALTO project

some of the experiments were largely pioneering at there time

the problems addressed up to now were centered around the

evolution of the N=50 shell closure towards 78Ni

ALTO – official start of the facility in 2012

132Sn100Sn

rp process r process• more accurate theoretical lifetimes of the N=82 isotones below 129Ag• shell quenching vs deformation• shell effect in radii

b-delayed spectroscopy of laser-polarized beamsground and isomeric state properties of 110-126Ag and 128-133In

β-decay of polarized 121-126Ag and 128-133In

LINO: Laser-induced nuclear orientationD. Yordanov et al.

polarisation by optical pumpingµ & Q from nuclear magnetic resonanceβ-delayed spectroscopy of laser-polarized beams

LINO: Laser-induced nuclear orientation