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© GTT – Roland Mouron
LNG as Fuel Supporting the industry
November 2019
GTT membrane technologies Mark III
50 years of history, Inventor of membrane systems
Around 350 LNG carriers equipped with our Technology
Tanks from 100m³ to 45 000m³
25 % of our workforces dedicated to innovation
NO96
Our projects today
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CMA CGM Container vessels
(x9) 22 000 TEU – 18,600 m³ LNG Built in Hudong-Zhonghua and Jiangnan Shipyard
(x5) 15 000 TEU – 14,000 m³ Built in Jiangnan Shipyard
Launching : Sept. 2019 Delivery : Apr. 2020
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FGSS
L N G
Hapag Lloyd Container vessel Retrofit
15 000 TEU – 6,700 m³ LNG Retrofit in HRDD Shipyard, membrane outfitted by Hudong-Zonghua Tank built on quayside and integrated in the existing hull
Delivery: July 2020
5
Exoskeleton Membrane otfit. Tank lifting Tank integration
Ponant expedition cruise ship – Ice breaker
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PONANT Expedition Ship – 4,500 m³ LNG Built in VARD Norway Tanks at 2 barg, validated for ice class conditions
2 membrane tanks
2 type-C bilobe tanks 2,900 m3
4,500 m3
2 type-C bilobe tanks
Delivery: March 2021
Bunkering Barges and Vessels
Delivery : Apr. 2020
Clean Jacksonville Bunkering Barge – 2,200 m³ Built in CONRAD Shipyard Validation of GTT bunker mast Validation of our bunkering models
Delivery : Aug. 2018
MOL Bunkering vessel – 18,600 m³ Built in Hudong Zhonghua Shipyard Launching: Oct. 2019
MOL Bunkering Vessel – 12,000 m³ Built in SembCorp Marine Shipyard
GTT support for LNG as fuel projects
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Why supproting services for LNG as fuel projects?
LNG as fuel is a major challenge for owners Like in any nascent industry, many questions and unknowns remain
regarding the use of LNG as a maritime fuel Expertise in LNG for shipping is not widespread
Make LNG easy
GTT is well-known as designer of LNG tank technologies, but GTT also offers services to owners to support their operations GTT’s in-house LNG expertise is especially valuable for LNG as fuel projects.
The objective is to make the transition to LNG easy for owners
Consulting services to get LNG as fuel projects on track Owners can benefit from GTT’s advice through consulting services Based on GTT’s engineering and operational skills and experience in LNG
as fuel projects
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GTT Support to owners
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Operationnal philosophy
Gas Chain specification
Training of the crew
Commissioning, first bunkering
Support during vessel’s life
Analysis of the ship operational profile BOG management philosophy Accurate pressure rise calculation
Training of the crew (LNG introduction to Bunkering operations) Tailor made simulator G-SIM
Assistance and/or organization of commissioning and gas trial Assistance for first bunkering
Basic design of Fuel Gas System Suppliers document review and FAT HAZID/HAZOP
HEARS : hotline to manage any emergency situation involving LNG 30 engineer on duty
Case study VLCC
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Maritime routes for crude oil products transportation
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Main routes Distance (nm) for a round trip
Required LNG capacity for round trip (m3)
USA – China (via Cape of Good Hope)
28 000 13 000 m3
Middle East – USA (via Cape of Good Hope)
24 000 11 000 m3
West Africa – Asia 19 600 9 000 m3
Middle East – Europe (via Suez Canal)
12 600 6 000 m3
Middle East – Asia 12 600 6 000 m3
Round trip capacity enables: Minimum bunkering
operations
Opportunity to get the cheapest LNG
Credits: Kimse
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LNG lines Cargo lines
TCS FGHS
Bunkering stations
FGHS + TCS
Cargo impact
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Cargo loss
9310 m³* 58 560 bl
Available cargo capacity
2 161 440 bl
Cargo loss
= 12 920 m³* = 81 260 bl
Available cargo capacity
= 2 138 740 bl
Cargo loss
= 18 630 m³* = 117 190 bl
Available cargo capacity
2 102 810 bl
Target Cargo Volume = 2,1M bl Cargo Volume : 353 000m3 = 2 220 000 bl
*3200m3 HFO tanks replaced by cargo 8000m3 Slop tanks used as cargo tanks
6 000 m³ 14 000 m³ 9 000 m³
6000m3
9000m3
14000m3
Bunkering study – with top filling
-500,00
500,00
1500,00
2500,00
3500,00
4500,00
5500,00
6500,00
7500,00
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 1 2 3 4 5
Pressure(m
barg)
Time(hours)
PressureevolutioninLFSduringBunkeringoperation
Receivertankpressure Receivervolume
Thanks to vapor return, Receiver pressure is kept low with pressure margin available after bunkering
Impact of a warmer LNG (higher saturation pressure) can be roughly estimated by offsetting the tank pressure curve.
Hypothesis: • Flowrate of 1 300 m3/h and top filling • Consumption at Receiver 850 KW (hotel load) • No consumption at Feeder
Pressure evolution during normal operations
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§ Pressure stabilized at very low level thanks to low BOG of Mark III Flex
§ Pressure after bunkering will never be exceeded in normal conditions -> 700mbarg design pressure is enough to cover normal operations
§ In case of Idling, pressure rise rate is 1mbar/h with 850kW consumption
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Pre
sure
(m
ba
rG)
Time (h)
Pressure evolution after bunkering
Holding Time 700mbarg Hypothesis:
With minimum consumption: Hotel load: 850 kW Loading limit: 90% Vol => most conservative case
Results:
> 60 days to reach 630 mbarg Holding time will be higher than 60 days before reaching MOP (Maxi Operating
Pressure) 17
Tank capacity
(m3)
6000 8500 11000 14000
BOR (%Vol/d) 0,185 0,15 0,14 0,135
Consumption (kW)
850 850 850 850
Holding time (days)
> 90 90 75 60
Holding time > 60 days 75 days
90 days
> 90 days
Pressure evolution during longer idle phase
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Idle phase with 600 kW hotel load Substantial holding time for Membrane and Type C:
>20 days for 0.7 barg and 0.3% BOR >40 days for 4.0 barg and 0.45% BOR >50 days for 0.7 barg and 0.2% BOR
Key result: 0.7 barg and low BOR can cover very long idle periods
Conclusion
Vapor return makes LNG bunkering possible regardless containment technology
Receiver will keep high pressure margin at the end of the transfer Consumption/subcooling on LBV side will maintain lower pressure Vapour return connection lasts 10 to 20mn including pressure test
700 mbarg and low BOR covers normal operations and longer idle periods A guaranteed low BOR is critical to preserve LNG quality
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Image courtesy of STX, Engie, Excelerate, Reliance, SCF Group, Shell, CMA CGM, Matthieu Pesquet, Conrad
Thank you for your attention