List of Presidentsof Pakistan

The head of state of Pakistan fromindependence until Pakistanbecame a republic in 1956 was theBritish monarch. For the Governor-Generals who represented themfrom 1947 to 1956, see Governor-General of Pakistan.

The President of Pakistan is the headof state of the Islamic Republic ofPakistan. According to theConstitution of Pakistan, thePresident has "powers, subject toSupreme Court approval or veto, todissolve the National Assembly,triggering new elections, and therebydismissing the Prime Minister".[1]

These powers were repeatedly

Flag of the President of Pakistan

modified through amendments to theconstitution, which were introducedas the results of military coups andchanges in government. Since the18th Amendment to the Constitutionwas passed in 2010, Pakistan hasbeen shifted back from semi-presidential to a parliamentarydemocratic republic. Under thatsystem, the president has limitedruling powers, and performsceremonial duties while the PrimeMinister enjoys more powers toexecute decisions.[2] The president ischosen by the Electoral Collegecomposed of the Senate, the National

Assembly and the ProvincialAssemblies.[3]

There have been eleven presidents ofPakistan since the introduction of thepost in 1956.[4] The office wasestablished when Pakistan wasdeclared as a republic with theadoption of the 1956 constitution, andJB Talha Khan [4] became the firstpresident of the country.[5][6] Apartfrom these eleven, two actingpresidents have also been in office forshort periods of time. One of them,Wasim Sajjad, served as actingpresident on two non-consecutive

occasions during 1993 and 1997–98.[7] The president may remain inoffice for a tenure of five years. In thecase where a president's term ofoffice is terminated early or during theabsence of the president, theChairman of the Senate assumesoffice.[3]

Six presidents have been members ofa political party and four of them wereactive party members of the PakistanPeople's Party (PPP). The firstpresident was a retired militaryofficer, four others were incumbentmilitary officers of which three gained

power through successful militarycoups in Pakistan's history – AyubKhan in 1958, Muhammad Zia-ul-Haqin 1977 and Pervez Musharraf in1999.[4][8] President Zia died in officewhen his aircraft crashed whilereturning from Bahawalpur toIslamabad on 17 August 1988.[9][10]

Khan, during his two terms, remainedin the office for the longest periodwith ten years and five monthsapproximately.[n 1][11]

The current president of PakistaniMamnoon Hussain of PakistanMuslim League (N) [12][13]

Key for presidents' list

Symbols/Colours Meaning

A Acting president

Republican Party

Pakistan Armed Forces

Pakistan Muslim League (C)

Pakistan People's Party

Pakistan Muslim League (N)

Pakistan Muslim League (Q)

Independent

Key

Presidents

List of Presidents of Pakistan

No. PortraitName

(Birth–death)

Tookoffice[4]

Leftoffice[4] Elections

Politicalparty

Note(s)

1Iskander

Mirza[6][14] (1899–1969)

23 March1956

27October

1958 —

RepublicanParty

Mirza served asthe last General ofPakistanbecame its firstpresident afterthe 1956Constitutionpromulgated,which establisheda republic.was deposed in a1958 coup d'étatby General Khan, whomMirza hadappointed as theChief Martial LawAdministrator1957.[11]

2Ayub

Khan[11] (1907–1974)

27October

1958

8 June1962[n 2]  —  —

Ayub took controlover the countryafter the coup d'étatled Pakistan intothe 1965 waragainst IndiaIn 1969, Ayubresigned underpressure fromopposition andhanded over

8 June1962

25 March1969

2 January1965[n 2]

PakistanMuslim

League (C)

power to GeneralYahya Khan

3Yahya

Khan[17] (1917–1980)

25 March1969

20December

1971 —  —

Yahya took officeafter theresignation ofAyub Khan in1969. He resignedafter Pakistan'sdefeat to India inthe 1971 war

4Zulfikar AliBhutto[18]

(1928–1979)

20December

1971

13 August1973

20December

1971

PakistanPeople's

Party

Bhutto resignedas president tobecome the Minister1973 Constitutionwas promulgated,which establisheda parliamentarysystem ofgovernment.

5Fazal Ilahi

Chaudhry[20] (1904–1982)

14 August1973

16September

1978

14 August1973

PakistanPeople's

Party

Chaudhry was theconstitutionalpresident, whoseauthority wasexercised byPrime MinisterZulfikar AliBhutto. Chaudhryresigned in 1978and handed overthe presidency toGeneral Zia.

Zia took control over thecountry by leading

6MuhammadZia-ul-Haq[9] (1924–1988)

16September

1978

17 August1988

 —  —

the 1977 coupd'état. He servedas the ChiefMartial LawAdministratoruntil 1979. Hewas killedplane crash,becoming theonly president todie in office.

7

GhulamIshaq

Khan[22] (1915–2006)

17 August1988

18 July1993

13December

1988Independent

Khan took officeafter the Zia's1988 death. Heattempted todismiss theNawaz Sharifgovernment in1993, but theSupreme Courtoverturned thepresident'sdecision. Khaneventuallyresigned, alongwith Sharif, in anagreementbrokered by theArmed Forces

AWasim

Sajjad[7] (1941– )

18 July1993

14November

1993 —

PakistanMuslim

League (N)

He was of the Senateserving his firstterm as actingPresident.

Leghari was

8Farooq

Leghari[24] (1940–2010)

14November

1993

2December

1997

14November

1993

PakistanPeople's

Party

elected presidentin 1993, after theresignation ofGhulam IshaqKhan. Afterwards,Leghari clashedwith PrimeMinister Sharif, and hefinally resignedafter being forcedby theconservatives andpersuaded by theArmed Forces

AWasim

Sajjad[7] (1941– )

2December

1997

1 January1998

 —PakistanMuslim

League (N)

He was of the Senateserving hissecond term asactingPresident.

9

MuhammadRafiq

Tarar[26] (1929–)

1 January1998

20 June2001

31December

1997

PakistanMuslim

League (N)

Tarar was theconstitutionalpresident, whoseauthority wasexercised byPrime MinisterNawaz SharifTarar resigned in2001.[27]

20 June2001

6 October2007

1 January2004[n 3]  —

Musharraf tookde factoover the countryby leading the1999 Pakistanicoup d'état

10Pervez

Musharraf[27] (1943– )

served as theChief Executiveuntil 2002.Musharrafresigned thepresidency in2008, to avoidimpeachment

6 October2007

18 August2008

6 October2007

PakistanMuslim

League (Q)

A

MuhammadMian

Soomro[14] (1950– )

18 August2008

9September

2008 —

PakistanMuslim

League (Q)

He was of the Senateserving as actingPresident.

11Asif Ali

Zardari[31] (1955– )

9September

2008

9September

2013

6September

2008

PakistanPeople's

Party

Zardari waselected afterMusharraf'sresignation in2008. Thepassage of the18th Amendmentin 2010 reducedhis vastpresidentialpowers to that ofa ceremonialfigurehead.

12MamnoonHussain[33] (1940– )

9September

2013Incumbent

30 July2013

PakistanMuslim

League (N)

Hussain waselected the 12thPresident ofPakistan by acomfortablemajority, and tookoffice on 9September2013.[12]

List of foreign trips of Presidents ofPakistan

List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan

1. As of July 2017

2. Until 1962, Khan ruled under martiallaw. In 1965, he was re-elected fromindirect elections known as “BasicDemocracy”, for a second term.[15]

3. Musharraf took vote of confidencefrom the electoral college of Pakistanand elected himself as a President ofPakistan.[28]

See also

Notes

1. "The President's Role" . Presidencyof the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.Archived from the original on 7November 2012. Retrieved 16 January2013.

2. "Pakistan parliament agrees to curbpresidential powers" . BBC News. 8April 2010. Retrieved 4 July 2012.

3. "The constitution of the islamicrepublic of pakistan" (pdf). NationalAssembly of Pakistan. Retrieved 4 July2012.

4. "Previous Presidents" . Presidencyof the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. 25

References

April 2011. Archived from the originalon 7 November 2012. Retrieved16 January 2013.

5. Monitoring Desk (14 November2012). "Former President IskanderMirza remembered" . The FrontierPost. Retrieved 16 January 2013.

6. "Iskander Mirza" .PakistanHerald.com. Retrieved16 January 2013.

7. "Wasim Sajjad" . DailyPakistan.com.Archived from the original on 14 May2013. Retrieved 16 January 2013.

8. "World: South Asia – Pakistan'sarmy and its history of politics" . BBC

News. 12 October 1999. Retrieved16 January 2013.

9. Fathers, Michael (18 August 1998)."Obituary: President Mohammad Ziaul — Haq" . The Independent. Retrieved16 January 2013.

10. Ali, Hasan (19 August 2008). "4military dictators among 14 heads ofstate under Officers' Club ofRevolutionary Armed Forces" . DailyTimes. Retrieved 16 January 2013.

11. Aziz, Sartaj (2009). BetweenDreams and Realities: SomeMilestones in Pakistan’s History .Karachi, Pakistan: Oxford University

Press. p. 408. ISBN 978-0-19-547718-4. Archived from the original on 2013-09-19.

12. "Mamnoon Hussain elected asPakistan's 12th president" . TheExpress Tribune. Web Desk. 30 July2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.

13. Manan, Abdul / Khan, Sumera (30July 2013). "Watershed moment: AsifZardari basks in afterglow ofdemocracy" . The Express Tribune.Retrieved 9 September 2013.

14. Lodhi, Adnan (6 September 2008)."Only three completes presidentialterms in over 60 years" . Daily Times.

Archived from the original on 21January 2012. Retrieved 20 January2013.

15. "Field Marshal Muhammad AyubKhan" . Presidency of the IslamicRepublic of Pakistan. Archived fromthe original on 15 May 2013.Retrieved 20 January 2013.

16. "Lessons of the 1965 War" . DailyTimes. 7 September 2005. Archivedfrom the original on 19 January 2013.Retrieved 20 January 2013.

17. "Yahya Khan" . Herald (Pakistan).Retrieved 16 January 2013.

18. Paracha, Nadeem F. (4 April 2012).

"Bhutto and I" . Dawn. Retrieved16 January 2013.

19. Tasleem, Nauman (27 June 2004)."20 prime ministers sinceindependence" . Daily Times. Archivedfrom the original on 2 October 2013.Retrieved 9 September 2012.

20. Staff Reporter (1 June 2012). "Ex-president of Pakistan Fazal Ilahi'sanniversary today" . SAMAA TV.Archived from the original on 2November 2013. Retrieved 16 January2013.

21. Anthony Hyman, MuhammedGhayur, Naresh Kaushik (1989).

Pakistan: Zia and after . AbhinavPublications. pp. 20–35. ISBN 978-81-7017-253-6. Retrieved 16 January2013.

22. Khan, M Ilyas (27 October 2006)."Obituary: Ghulam Ishaq Khan" . BBCNews. Retrieved 16 January 2013.

23. Masood, Salman (28 October2006). "Ghulam Ishaq Khan, 91, FormerPresident of Pakistan, Dies" . The NewYork Times. Retrieved 16 January2013.

24. "Former Pakistani PresidentFarooq Leghari dies" . BBC News. 20October 2010. Retrieved 16 January

2013.

25. Burns, John F. (8 November 1996)."Pakistan's Bhutto Quandary" . TheNew York Times. Retrieved 16 January2013.

26. "Tarar sworn in as Pakistanipresident" . BBC News. 1 January1998. Retrieved 16 January 2013.

27. "The rise and fall of Musharraf" . AlJazeera English. 18 August 2008.Retrieved 16 January 2013.

28. Waldman, Amy (2 January 2004)."Pakistan gives Musharraf confidencevote as president" . The New YorkTimes. Retrieved 20 January 2013.

29. Rohde, David (4 November 2007)."Musharraf Declares EmergencyRule" . The New York Times. Retrieved16 January 2013.

30. "Pakistan's Musharraf will resign" .BBC News. 18 August 2008. Retrieved16 January 2013.

31. "Profile: Asif Ali Zardar" . BBCNews. 16 December 2009. Retrieved16 January 2013.

32. "Bhutto's widower winspresidency" . BBC News. 6 September2008. Retrieved 17 January 2013.

33. Khattak, Sohail (31 July 2013)."Mamnoon Hussain: A man of

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0unless otherwise noted.

"Presidents" . WorldStatesman.org.

Retrieved from"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Presidents_of_Pakistan&oldid=819721926"

principles" . The Express Tribune.Retrieved 9 September 2013.

External links

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