Linseed Oil Mills in New Jersey 1732- 1955 Carter Litchfield a Richard L. Porter Paul W. Schopp

with contributions from

Dorothy White Hartman Patrick Harshbarger

Stephanie Stevens

Olbarius Editions

A

CONTENTS 8 PREFACE 9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

9 MEASUREMENT EQUIVALENTS

12 CHRONOLOGY OF THE LINSEED OIL INDUSTRY IN NEW JERSEY '

HOW NEW JERSEY'S LINSEED OIL MILLS WORKED

13 Total Process 15 Cleaning Flaxseed 18 Crushing Flaxseed 22 Roasting Flaxseed , 24 Pressing Out the Oil 3 1 Additional Treatment

2 Grades of Linseed Oil

SURVEY OF HISTORIC LINSEED OIL MILLS IN NEW JERSEY

34 Introduction 34 ATLANTIC COUNTY 35 BERGEN COUNTY

Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc. 3 8 Archer Daniels Midland Co. 41 BURLINGTON COUNTY 4 1 Wells Oil Mill 43 1824 Hallock Oil Mill 4 5 Other Mills Investigated 46 CAMDEN COUNTY 4 6 Mill Investigated 46 CAPE MAY COUNTY 46 CUMBERLAND COUNTY 47 ESSEX COUNTY 47 Belleville Paint, Sheet Lead,

and Oil Mills 4 9 Campbell Oil Mill 5 1 1789 Mackay-Dixey Oil Mill 5 3 Richards Oil Mill 5 4 American Linseed Co.

55 T. J. Preston & Co. 57 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. 60 Other Mills Investigated 60 GLOUCESTER COUNTY 61 HUDSON COUNTY 6 1 H. J. Baker & Brother 63 I. & C. Moore & Co. 65 Wm. M. Force & Son 67 New Jersey Oil and Meal Co. 69 HUNTERDON COUNTY

Larew-Kase Oil Mill Eckel Oil Mill McCullouch Oil Mill Clinton Oil Mill Kinney Oil Mills Brookville Oil Mill

Runk Oil Mill 105 Lambertville Oi 107 Emley Oil Mill 109 Wack Oil Mill I l l Taylor Oil Mill 113 Rowland Oil Mill 115 Prall Oil Mill 117 Phillips-Larason Oil Mill 119 Matthews Oil Mill 121 Mt. Airy Oil Mill 122 Other Mills Investigated 23 MERCER COUNTY 23 Phillips Oil Mill 24 Hopewell Township Oil Mill 25 1828 Moore Oil Mill 27 1835 Moore Oil Mill 29 Trenton Oil Mill 31 MIDDLESEX COUNTY 3 1 Holcomb Oil Mill 33 Stout Oil Mill 35 Ayres-Mellick Oil Mill 3 7 Garnett Windmill Oil Mill 39 Garnett Watermill Oil Mill

Star Linseed Oil Co. Bloomfield Works Oil Mill

MONMOUTH COUNTY Mill Investigated

MORRIS COUNTY Mott-Searing Oil Mill Other Mills Investigated

OCEAN COUNTY Hallock-Bartlett Oil Mill

PASSAIC COUNTY SALEM COUNTY

Pittsgrove Oil Mill SOMERSET COUNTY

Dawes Oil Mill Kelley Oil Mill Scotch Plains Oil Mill

SUSSEX COUNTY Shafer Oil Mill

UNION COUNTY 1794 Dixey Oil Mill Geiger Oil Mill Wade Oil Mill

WARREN COUNTY Green Oil Mill Davison Oil Mill Moravian Oil Mill Allshouse Oil Mill Riegel Oil Mill Other Mills Investigated

CHRONOLOGICAL COMPARIS OF NEW JERSEY'S LINSEED OIL MILLS

176 Discussion 177 Mill Data Table 179 NOTES 211 INDEX 224 AUTHORS