Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934)Lisa Delpit (?-?)

Mortimer Adler (1902- 2001)

By:Todd Molander

Scott ReffelBen Rude

Nathan SchmidtJack Seltenright

Lev Vygotsky (1896-1943)• The essentials of a Vygotskian Social Constructivist Perspective for Education

For teachers:a belief that education is to develop a student’s personality;a belief that education is to facilitate the development of the creative

potential of students;a belief that effective learning requires the active involvement of the

learnera belief that teachers direct and guide the individual activity of the

students but they do not dictate or force their own will on them. Authentic teaching and learning come through a collaboration by adults with studentsa belief that the most valuable methods for students’ teaching and learning correspond to their developmental and individual characteristics, and therefore these methods cannot be uniforma belief that schools should provide the tools that learners need to internalize the ways of thinking central to participation in the cultural world around them.

Lev Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development

•task level: too easyresult: boredomscaffolding: none

• task level: appropriateresult: learningscaffolding: some

• task level: too difficultresult: frustrationscaffolding: much

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hx84h-i3w8U

Lisa Delpit

• Books by Lisa Delpit:• - The Silenced Dialogue: Power and Pedagogy in

Educating Other People's Children- The Real Ebonics Debate: Power, Language, and the Education of African American Children (1998)- The Skin That We Speak: Thoughts on Language and Culture in the Classroom (2002)- Other's People's Children: Cultural Conflict in the Classroom (1995)

Lisa Delpit

Contributions to Education:• Miscommunication in the classroom.• Usage of non-standard English in classrooms.• Ten Factors Essential to Success in Urban

Classrooms

Mortimer Adler (1902- 2001)• He was an American philosopher, educator, and author.• He worked for Columbia University, the University of Chicago,

Encyclopedia Britannica, and Adler's own Institute for Philosophical Research.

• He wrote over 50 books ranging from Britannica's Great Books of the Western World, The Great Ideas Program, Gateway to the Great Books, The Annals of America, and Encyclopedia Britannica

• No one truly gets educated in school. “I now think I am educated, I have forgotten most of the things I have learned in school.”

• Schools are not at their best• The biggest thing that students acquire in schools is the ability to

learn• Writing, reading, good speech, and good behavior

Mortimer Adler (Ideas On Education)• All students should receive a classics based

education• The Great Books program where the Socratic

method is used is an example of a model he developed, and many variations came off of this as well.

• Adler wanted students to be critical thinkers.• Believed learning was a life long process• Not in favor of standardized test• Paideia Proposal

Key Points

Sources