lesions of oral mucosa in children by dr sachin rathod
DESCRIPTION
Lesions of oral mucosa in childrenTRANSCRIPT
Department of Pedodontics &Preventive Dentistry
Dr Sachin RathodEmail:- [email protected]
LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN CHILDREN
LESIONS OF ORAL MUCOSA IN CHILDREN
LESIONS OF ORAL SOFT TISSUESDEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS OF ORAL MUCOSAINFECTIONS OF ORAL MUCOSAHEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERSNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIESNEOPLASMSMISCELLANEOUS
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
These disorders can be due to genetic abnormalities or mutation of the single or multiple genes and some with environmental influence.
DEVELOPMENTAL ANAMOLIES OF LIP
OROFACIAL CLEFTSCOMMISSURAL LIP PITSPARAMEDIAN LIP PITSDOUBLE LIPORAL MELANOTIC MACULES
TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF LIP
MUCOCELE are the most common soft tissue swelling or cyst of the minor salivary glands filled with mucous. when such collection of mucous occurs in the floor of the mouth it referred as ranula. mucocele
Extravasation type Retention type
CLINICAL FEATURES
Extra vasation type is seen as a dome-shaped, painless swelling measuring few mm to few cm in size, may appear translucent like a vesicle.The cause for this being trauma and lower lip is favourable site.In children it is usually associated with lip biting.
• mucocele
TREATMENT
Surgical excision.Some lesions may resolve on their own.
Developmental disorder of buccal mucosa
Focal epithelial hyperplasiaFordyce’s granulesWhite spongy nevus
• Fordyce’s granules
Developmental anomalies of tongue
Aglossia MicroglossiaMacroglossiaAnkyloglossiaFissured tongueGeographic tongueCleft tongueLingual thyroidHairy tongue
ANKYLOGLOSSSIA
Ankyloglossia is characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenum,resulting in complete or partial attachment of tongue to the floor of mouth.it may lead to decreased mobility of the tongue.
• Ankyloglossia
TREATMENT
FRENECTOMY.
CLINICAL FEATURES
Partial Ankyloglossia or tongue tie is more common.This defect may lead in disorders of speech,deformities in dental occlusion, difficulty in feeding and deglutition.
GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE
Also known as migratory glossitis.It is an idiopathic condition.Seen in children characterized by multifocal,patchy,sharply demarcated, irregular areas of surface erosions on dorsal surface of tongue.The periphery of these lesions shows whitish serpiginous or snaky white lines.
• GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE
The prevalence of this disease is about 1 -3% of the population.These lesions are usually asymptomatic but some may complain of burning sensation or sensitivity to hot and spicy food.
MICROSCOPIC FEATURES
The hyperplastic epithelium shows focal collection of neutrophils designated as munro’s abscess within the epithelium.
TREATMENT
Topical or systemic cortisone.
LINGUAL THYROID
This occur due to failure in descent of the thyroid tissue to its final normal position during embryogenesis.During the development by about 3-4 week of fetal life the epithelial proliferation occurs from embryonic pharynx.
• LINGUAL THYROID
The initial site of descent eventually becomes the foramen cecum located in midline at junction of anterior 2/3rd and posterior1/3rd of tongue.
Developmental disorders of gingiva
Fibromatosis gingivae Retrocuspid papillaGingival cyst of new bornCyst of dental lamillaEpstein pearlsBohn’s nodules
Developmental disorders of floor of the mouth
Sublingual dermoid or dermoid cystOral lympho-epithelial cyst
Traumatic lesion in the floor of the mouth
• Ranula
Herpes simplex virusIt is a DNA virus.Types of herpes virus
1. HSV -12. HSV -2
Primary infection usually Occur in child under 5 years of age.HSV-1 causing infection in upper part of body.HSV- 2 causing infection in lower part of body
Infection of the oral mucosa
• It may be caused by viruses ,bacteria and fungi.
Viral infectionsHerpes simplex virus infection.
• A prodrome consisting of focal itching, burning or tingling sensation on the lips may precede herpes labialis.
• Oral sign & symptoms :-a) The condition appears as diffuse erythematous shiny
involvement of gingiva & adjacent oral mucosa with varying degrees of edema and gingival bleeding.
b) The ulcers may be observed on area of mucous membrane.
c) The diseases is accompanied by generalized soreness of the oral cavity which interfere with drinking and eating.
d) In Infants the diseases is marked by refusal to take food and irritability.
Treatment• Application of mild topical
anesthetic such as dyclonine hydrochloride.
• Lidocane • An Anti histaminic drug • Acyclovir 5 % ointment
Bacterial infection affecting the oral mucosa
SyphilisCongenital syphilisTuberculosisActinomycosisScarlet feverNoma or cancrum oris
RECCURENT HERPETIC INFECTION
• It may manifest in about one and three who had primary infection either clinical or subclinical infection.
Fungal infection of oral mucosa
• CandidiasisA. acute candidiasisB. chronic candidiasisC. mucocutaneous candidiasis
Microscopic features of candidiasis
Hematological disorders
HemoglobinopathiesNutritional deficiencyVitamin-a deficiencyVitamin-b1 deficiencyVitamin-b3 deficiencyVitamin-b2 deficiencyVitamin-b12 deficiencyVitamin-c deficiencyProtien deficiency
Miscellaneous lesions of oral mucosa
Riga- fede diseaseFrictional keratosisApthous ulcerTraumatic ulcers
Apthous ulcer
Neoplasm of oral mucosaBenign connective tissue neoplasm of the oral mucosaFibromaHemangiomaLymphangiomaMelanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancyCongenital epulis,congenital granular cell lesionNeurofibromaMucoepidermoid carcinomaRhabdomyosarcoma
• Rhabdomyosarcoma
• Lymphangioma
• Hemangioma
THANK
YOUDr Sachin RathodEmail:- [email protected]