lecture 15 - university of california, berkeleyear physiology lecture 15. ... 15.2 introduction :...
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EE 2 LECTURE ON EAR PHYSIOLOGY
N.M 15.1
PE Spring,1999
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ORGAN / B.GOLD LECTURE 15
University of CaliforniaBerkeley
College of EngineeringDepartment of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Sciences
rofessors : N.Morgan / B.GoldE225D
Ear Physiology
Lecture 15
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n
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Introduction : Anatomy - OK , Physiology - NOT OK.
- Anatomical Pathway
- Peripheral Auditory System
- Hair Cell Auditory Nerves
- Auditory Nerve
- Adaptation
- Synchrony- Non Linearities
- Two Tone Suppresio- Saturation- Masking- Combination Tones
- Block Diagram of Periphey
- Tuning
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Some Auditory Jargon.
afferent ascending nerve fibers
efferent descending nerve fibers
tonotopic Frequency selectivity vs. place.
{Bank of filters concept}
Malleus Incus Stapes Inner Ear
Innervate connect to
Cochlea Inner Ear
Middle Ear OssiclesOval Window of
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nkey.
lls
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Table 14.1 : Cells in the Auditory Nuclei of the Mo
Central Auditory Nucleus Number of Ce
Cochlear Nuclei
Superior-Olivary Complex
Muclei of Lateral Lemniscus
Inferior Colliculus
Medial Geniculate Body Auditory Cortex
88,000
34,000
38,000
32,000
364,000
10,000,000(pars principalis)
- We are somewhat familier with cochlear nucleus.
- There is also work on auditory neurons in Cortex.
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uditory Pathways
in with the Ear.
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Diagram of the A
linking the Bra
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r ears are appproximate.
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Figure 14.3 : The Peripheral Auditory System. Boundaries between outer, middle, and inne
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iagram of Peripheral
y System.
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Block D
Auditor
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Cochlea.
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Figure 14.7 : Drawing of the cross-section of the
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lea.
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Figure 14.4 : Simplified Model of the Coch
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N.MORGAN / B.GOLD LECTURE 15 15.13
Computer Model of Basilar-Membrane Displacement.
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ce lls
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F igure 14.7 : Sketch of the inner and ou ter ha ir
in a cross-section o f the coch lea.
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ilia open
ll, causing
lcium
s (Unknown)
channels in
epolarizing fiber.
uses action
vibrates.
ncrease)
ell.
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HAIR CELL (Pickles)
Ionic channels in stereoc
Potassium ions enter ce
Depolarization opens ca
Influx of calcium release
Neurotransmitter opens
Sodium flows into fiber, d
Depolarization of fiber ca
when basilar membrane
. depolarization (Voltage i
channels near base of c
neurotransmitter.
afferent nerve fiber.
potential (Spike).
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Properties of Auditory Nerves
- Adaptation
- Tuning
- Synchrony
- Non-Linear behavior Saturation
Combination- Masking
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Figure 14.9 : Adaptation by an auditory nerve.
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r less randomly spaced
histogram
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spontaneous
spikes are more o
stimulus
post stimulus time
t2 t3t1
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ditory Nerve Fibers.
74)
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Tuning Curves of Six. Au
(King & Moxon 19