l'economie collaborative - séminaire ehess benjamin tincq, arthur de grave
TRANSCRIPT
Economie Collaborative : promesses et limitesSéminaire EHESS – 16 février 2015
Benjamin Tincq @btincqArthur De Grave @ArthDeG
1. Concepts & Panorama
2. Débats
économie collaborative
consommation collaborative
économie du partage
sharing economypeer-to-peer
économie de la fonctionnalitééconomie circulaire
commons-based peer production
logiciel libre
makers
open source
L’économie collaborative est l’ensemble des pratiques et des modèles économiques organisés en réseaux horizontaux et/ou communautés d’usagers, pouvant assumer le rôle du producteur et du consommateur
LEARNING
p2p learning open courses & moocs
PRODUCTION
co-design / co-innovationdigital peer production distributed fabrication (makers)
FINANCE
p2p funding p2p payments p2p insurance compl. currencies
GOVERNANCESWARM
participatory organizations participatory government blockchain / DAO
CONSUMPTION
redistribution local food systemsproduct-service on-demand services
COLLABORATIVE ECONOMY FRAMEWORK V0.1
CONSOMMATIONCOLLABORATIVE
22M de petites annonces3.5 M visiteurs uniques / jour2h15 par internaute / mois
Redistribution
Product-Service
10M members in Europe
2M monthly travelers
Product-Service
Product-Service
Product-Service
700+ ruches en France
Local Food
Systems
« La consommation collaborative est un modèle économique favorisantl’usage sur la possession et permettant d’optimiser les ressources via le partage, le troc, la revente, la location, le prêt ou le don de biens et services. »
redistribution local food systemsproduct-service on-demand services
FINANCE P2P
1.5 BILLION $Crowdfunding
Crowdfunding
Crowdfunding
P2P Lending
PRODUCTION
Open Source Hardware (OSHW)is a term for tangible artifacts — machines, devices, or other physical things — whose design has been released to the public in such a way that anyone can make, modify, distribute, and use those things.
First open source 3D printer(that is self-replicable)
Created in 2005 by Adrian Bowyerat the University of Bath (UK)
electronics
furniture
clothing
machine tools
bikes energy cars
agriculture
biology architecture
aerospace
cameras
“ access to tools “the new Whole Earth Catalog
3D Printing Laser Cutting CNC Milling
Photo : http://www.flickr.com/photos/waagsociety/5011530383/
+400 : a global network
2. Distributed Production
1. Concepts& Panorama
2. Débats
→ PROMESSES ECONOMIQUESDistribution des capacités, des richesses, des opportunitésRéduction des inégalités, dé-concentration de la valeur
→ PROMESSE ENVIRONNEMENTALESMutualisation de ressources sur les territoiresRéduction des déchets, modularité, etc
→ PROMESSES SOCIALESMutualisation des savoirs globauxCréation de lien social et de résilience
CapitalOriented
CommonsOriented
Centralized / Global
Distributed / LocalBenjamin Tincq sur
concept de Michel Bauwens
NETARCHICAL CAPITALISM GLOBAL COMMONS
DISTRIBUTED CAPITALISM LOCAL RESILIENCE
“ CONCURRENCE DELOYALE? ”
“ for every 1% increase in the number of Airbnb bookings, there is a .05% decrease in hotel revenue.(…) Low-end hotels are especially vulnerable to being replaced, while hotels that cater to business and luxury travelers have less to worry about. ”
Secteurs Transformés par le P2Pindustries culturellesbanque / services financiersdistribution / commercetransports / taxistourisme / hotels
… bientôt l’industrie ?
“ SUSTAINABILITY ”
“ in general we can see the emergence of the following issues: ”
→ the sustainability of shared goods,
→ the optimization of transport of goods that are shared
→ consumption patterns and the so-called “rebound effect”
“ IT’S NOT SHARING ”
On-Demand Services
“ EMANCIPATION INDIVIDUELLEvs INNOVATION COMMERCIALE ”
“ PLATFORM CAPITALISM ”Sascha Lobo, blogger Der Spiegel, sept 2014
Sebastian Olma, Institute of Network Cultures, oct 2014
“ TURKING FOR UBER ”http://www.homefreeamerica.us/future-work-turking-uber-wont-like/
“ TRUE SHARING ECONOMY ”
“ You can’t truly remedy today’s economic problems by using the same business structures that created the economic problems ”
– Janelle Orsi, Sustainable Economies Law Center
“ Airbnb and Uber are hammering the regulatory landscape, and will make way for true, resilient, cooperative models to emerge ”
– Arun Sundararajan, NYU Stern School of Business
collaborativeeconomy
socialeconomy
