lec1.5 3.18.13 traffic pattern
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
1/22
Traffic Pattern
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
2/22
Traffic Pattern Just like traffic rules, traffic pattern is a standard
way/route followed at an airport
The methods used for safely adjusting the flow of airtraffic at and near airport, and the major trafficservices and landing approach aids that areavailable.
It may vary from place to place The purpose is orderly traffic flow and safety
A pattern depends on the airport, weather, etc.
Rules and procedures are based on logic, common
sense, courtesy
The aim is always to keep air traffic moving withmaximum safety and efficiency.
It allows convenience for arrivingand departing aircraft
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
3/22
Traffic Pattern For assuring proper traffic flow into or out of an airport, pilots
are advised to check traffic pattern routes.
Each traffic pattern depends on local conditions, geographicalsurrounding, altitutde, and other procedures.
Normally, all traffic is "left hand" or "standard" meaning allturns are to the left.
Simply put, a traffic pattern, from start to finish is a
rectangular pattern.
Usually, the traffic pattern altitude is 1000 feet above theairport surface.
Pilots may have to conform to airspeed limitations.
Rectangular traffic pattern has various legs, each at a 90degree difference from the other with respect to groundtrack.
The actual heading difference in the airplanemay be different due to wind.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
4/22
Traffic Pattern The departure (often called upwind)
leg leads AWAY from the takeoffrunway.
Begins at the point aircraft lifts offthe ground.
After take off, pilot should continueon this leg to within 300 feet of TPA.
If intending to leave the pattern, thepilot should continue forward, ormake a 45 degree turn outwards.
Continues till 90 degree turn to
CROSSWIND.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
5/22
Traffic Pattern The crosswind leg is at a 90 degree
angle to: the upwind leg, thedownwind leg, and the runway.
Since this leg is also at a 90 degreeangle with the wind, some sort ofcorrection must be made which willallow suitable ground track.
After reaching TPA, and at sufficientdistance from the runway, a turn ismade.
This leads to the DOWNWIND leg.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
6/22
Traffic Pattern Downwind leg is parallel, but opposite to the landing runway.
In this leg, you should be at TPA.
Approx 1.5 to 2 kms from the runway. How can you judge it?
You should complete the pre landing checklist and configure for landing. Abeam thenumbers, start descending.
At 45 degrees from the landing runway, start the base turn.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
7/22
Traffic Pattern The base leg transitions between the downwind and
the final.
It should be far enough to allow descent at a gradualpace.
Ground track may need to be adjusted.
Before turning on final, check traffic.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
8/22
Traffic Pattern The base leg transitions between the downwind and
the final.
It should be far enough to allow descent at a gradualpace.
Ground track may need to be adjusted.
Before turning on final, check traffic.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
9/22
Traffic Pattern Final leg leads from a descending point to the
runway
Priority over other traffic Descending path at particular airspeed
Maintain directional control
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
10/22
Leg Names
UPWINDFINAL
DOWNWIND
BASE CROSSWIND
This pattern is called left traffic, as all turns are made to the left.
What would happen in opposite wind?
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
11/22
Preflight Inspection
One of the most important tasks
What is it?
Why do we do it?
Should you follow a checklist?
Whose responsibility is it?
S ?
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
12/22
AM I SAFE? A = Attitude
M = Medication
I = Illness
S = Stress
A = Alcohol
F = Fatigue
E = Eating (According to AirplaneFlying Handbook)
E = Emotions (According to AIM)
B f l i h b ildi
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
13/22
Before leaving the building Check the weather reports
Check for any NOTAMS and other
information related to your flight
File a flight plan (if required)
Check the weight and balance
Check for any modifications ormaintenance carried out before your flight
Talk to pilots who have flown the plane
just before you
Am I Safe?
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
14/22
Wind ConsiderationsWINDSOCK
WIND
Which way should you go?
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
15/22
WINDSOCK WIND
Wind Considerations
Takeoffs and Landings should always
occur into the wind. This allows for:
better performance
and increased aircraft controllability.
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
16/22
What if the winds are calm?
UPWINDFINAL
DOWNWIND
BASE CROSSWIND
Follow other traffic, or any procedure set for your airport.
G l G id li
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
17/22
General Guidelines Enter pattern in level flight, abeam the
midpoint of the runway, at pattern altitude.
(1,000' AGL) is recommended patternaltitude unless established otherwise.)
Maintain pattern altitude until abeamapproach end of the landing runway ondownwind leg.
Complete turn to final at least mile fromthe runway.
Continue straight ahead until beyonddeparture end of runway.
G l G id li
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
18/22
General Guidelines If remaining in the traffic pattern, commence turn to
crosswind leg beyond the departure end of therunway within 300 feet of pattern altitude.
If departing the traffic pattern, continue straight out,or exit with a 45 turn (to the left when in a left-handtraffic pattern; to the right when in a right-hand trafficpattern) beyond the departure end of the runway,
after reaching pattern altitude. Do not overshoot final or continue on a track which
penetrates the final approach of the parallel runway.
Do not continue on a track which
penetrates the departurepath of the parallel runway.
G l G id li
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
19/22
General Guidelines
E
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
20/22
Emergency In the event of an engine failure,
announce emergency
Aircraft in distress has the right of way always
Turning around to the runway may notbe the best option
That is why, always be ready
G l R l f S f t /C t
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
21/22
General Rules for Safety/Courtesy Before entering the runway announce
your intentions
Look for other traffic
Dont overtake or rush infront of others
If entering the pattern make a 45degree entry
Monitor the airports frequency from 10
miles If in doubt, do a 360, extend the leg
you are on, or go around
P t ti
-
7/29/2019 Lec1.5 3.18.13 Traffic Pattern
22/22
Presentations Light Gun Signals
ATC communication in the pattern
Departing from the pattern
Entering the pattern