lbc presentation may 7, 2011(comp04)
TRANSCRIPT
Jonard A. Nollido
Structured Cabling System (SCS)
Seminar
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Technical TrainerStructured Cabling
Network Testing
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Agenda:
1. Overview of Structured Cabling System
2. Horizontal Subsystem Design
a. Components and types
b. Sample Design
3. Cabling Installation and Practical Applications
a. SCS Subsystem
b. Transmission Line Diagram
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IMAGINE LIFE
WITHOUT
STRUCTURED
CABLING
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of
Network Problem
Source: BICSI Magazine, issue 1999
CABLING
RELATED !
Gasoline
plssss!!!
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Software
PC
LAN
CablingCost
Life
Years
Complete IT System
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Although cabling represents only 5% of the total network
investment,
A Structured cabling systems will outlive most network
components.
LAN Equipment
7%Cabling 5%
Intelligent Workstation
34%
Software 54%
Network Investment
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- A set of cabling and connectivity products
that integrates the voice, data, video, and
various management system of a building
(such as safety alarms, security access,
energy system, etc.)
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Telecomms
Office Automation
BuildingAutomation
Structured Cabling System
Intelligent Building SystemsBAS
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NOInstallation
Testing
Planning
Design
Pass
Documentation
YES
SCS Block Diagram
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Subsystem Architecture
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WORK AREA SUBSYSTEM
Work Area
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HORIZONTAL SUBSYSTEM
Horizontal
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RISER BACKBONE SUBSYSTEM
Riser Backbone
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ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM
Administration
Administration
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EQUIPMENT SUBSYSTEM
Equipment
Subsystem
MDF
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CAMPUS SUBSYSTEM
Campus Backbone
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Transmission Line
Diagram
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1 Gigabit Switch Jack Panel(Category 6 rated)
Patch Cord(Category 6 rated)
Patch Cord(Category 3 rated)
Telecom Outlet(Category 6 rated)
Server
Category 6 UTP (1 Gigabit LAN Card)
10 Mbps performance
Category 6 maximum performance = 1,000 Mbps
Category 3 maximum performance = 10 Mbps
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CAT 5e CAT 6CAT 6A
(10G cable)
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D1 D2
D1 D2= = Diameter
Conditions:
@ frequency 1 = 10,000 bits per second
@ frequency 2 = 1,000,000 bits per second
frequency 1 >>>> frequency 2
-e (electron)
Solutions:
1) Coat the conductor with
Ag (silver)
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Can and marble analogy
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D1 D2
D1 D2= = Diameter
Conditions:
@ frequency 1 = 10,000 bits per second
@ frequency 2 = 1,000,000 bits per second
frequency 1 >>>> frequency 2
-e (electron)
Solutions:
1) Coat the conductor with
Ag (silver)
2) Increase conductor size
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1 Gigabit Switch
Patch Cord(Category 6 rated)
Jack Panel(Category 6 rated)
Category 6 UTP Telecom Outlet(Category 6 rated)
Patch Cord(Category 6 rated)
Server
(1 Gigabit LAN Card)
1,000 Mbps performance
Category 6 maximum performance = 1,000 Mbps
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Agenda:
1. Overview of Structured Cabling System
2. Horizontal Subsystem Design
a. Components and types
b. Sample Design
3. Cabling Installation and Practical Applications
a. SCS Subsystem
b. Transmission Line Diagram
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Horizontal Subsystem Design
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• Know components in the Horizontal
• Understand both standards based horizontal design
and requirements
• Determine the number of work areas for an office
building
• Determine the number and types of TO’s for an office
building using a set of building prints
• Determine the types and lengths of cable for each
distribution zone
• Order the cable and other material for the horizontal
subsystem
Objectives
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• The horizontal may consists of Copper, Fiber or both
• The (HC) FD to TO distance for copper is typically limited to 90m
• CAT5E or above cable with the Modular Jack at the TO is recommended by standards
• Fiber to the Desk (FTTD) is an option
• The Horizontal design may be ‘Home-Run’ or ‘Zone’ design
Factors to consider
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• Horizontal Cable and Connecting Hardware also call "horizontal cabling".
• Horizontal Cabling provide the means for transporting telecommunications
signals between the TO in the WA and the FD/HC in the TR/TC. These
components are the "contents" of the horizontal pathways and spaces.
• The term “horizontal” is used since this portion cabling system cable runs
horizontally along the floor(s) or ceiling(s) of a building.
Horizontal Cabling
Terminal
EquipmentHorizontal Cabling
Subsystem
(90 meter)
Work
Area
Cabling
FD/HC CP TO
Horizontal Cabling System
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CP
TP
Minimum: Cat 5e
Optional: OM1/2/3
Minimum: Cat 3
Telecommunication Room
90 meters 5 meters5 meters
Data
Voice
Horizontal Cabling Topology
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• UTP cabling shall be of 4-pair, 23 or 24 AWG solid conductors.
• Fiber is typically a duplex zip-cord type.
• The recognized media are:
– 100Ω twisted-pair cable (Un-shielded and Shielded)
• Minimum requirement : Cat 3 / Class C for Voice applications
• Minimum requirement : Cat 5e / Class D for Data applications
– Multimode optical fiber cable (OM1, OM2, and OM3)
Horizontal Media Considerations
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Patch Panel with
Modular JacksPatch Cord with
Modular Plug
Balanced Cable Connectors Considerations
• Two methods for terminating UTP cable:-
– Patch panels
– Cross connects
• Connecting hardware performance shall match the
media performance.
• Horizontal cabling termination can be wall, cabinet
or rack mounted, or a combination of the two.
• Designers need to consider the pros and cons of
the connecting hardware.
– Density - Space availability and location of
mounting
– Performance – interconnects out-perform
cross connects
– Administration – easier MAC, flexibility in
patching
– Cost – interconnects cost less
• Install plenty of cable support and management
panels to dress cable to the termination port.
110XC Cross-connect
Patch Cord with
110XC Plug
Modular Jacks
Modular Plug
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Optical Fiber Connectors Considerations
• A simplex connector may be used for the termination of horizontal
fiber optical cables.
• A duplex presentation should be used for maintaining the correct
polarity of transmit and receive optical fibers by either keying, or
labeling of the adapters as position A and B.
• SFF connector can be considered for high density requirement.
• To determine an appropriate fibre connector, the designer needs to
know :-
– Which fibre connectors are specified by the industry standards.
– What optical fibre connectors are used on the transceiver (equipment).
– Is it necessary or preferable that the connector is similar to that of the
transceiver (equipment).
SC (Subscriber connector) ST
SFF (MT-RJ/LC connector)
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Horizontal Cabling Pathway System
Design Considerations
• It is important to consider the design’s ability to:
– Accommodate cabling changes.
– Minimize occupant disruption when horizontal pathways are accessed.
• The horizontal pathway system design must:
– Facilitate ongoing maintenance of horizontal cabling.
– Accommodate future additions and changes in cabling, equipment and services.
• The pathway design should allow for a minimum of 2 cable runs per
individual WA.
• The major horizontal pathways types are:
– Under-floor System
– Access Floor System
– Conduit Systems (Trunking, Conduit, Pipe, etc.)
– Cable Tray and Channels
– Ceiling Pathways
– Perimeter Pathways
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Under-floor Duct Systems
• An under-floor duct system is a
network of distribution and feeder
ducts that are embedded in
concrete at the time of building
construction.
• Distribution ducts are used to
route the cable from the feeder
duct to the WA.
• Feeder ducts/ are used to route
the cable from the distributor to
the distribution ducts.
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Cellular Floor
• A cellular floor system is a network of distribution and feeder cells that are
embedded in concrete at the time of building construction.
• It is very similar in design and scope to the under-floor duct system
including the distribution and feeder ducts/cells, after-set and pre-set inserts
and service fittings and junction boxes.
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Cellular Floor
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Raised/Access Floors
• Access Floors are raised floors comprised of modular floor panels supported by
pedestals; generally ideal for ERs, computer rooms and general office areas. They
can be designed for new construction or retrofit.
• Plenum or LSZH cable may be needed when the raised floor forms a part of the
return air system.
• Cable tray, trunking, ducting, etc. can be installed to route cable under the access
floors.
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Conduit/Pipe Systems
• Conduit system types include:
– Steel conduit systems
– Plastic conduit systems
• Major considerations:
– When outlet locations are permanent,
– Where device densities are low, and
– Flexibility is not required.
– Local codes require it.
• Design considerations:
– No section of conduit should be longer than 15 m between pull points.
– No section of conduit shall contain more than two 90° bends between pull points
– Any reverse (U-shaped) bend shall be made accessible with a pull box.
– The inside radius of a bend in conduit shall be at least 6 times the internal
diameter.
– Conduits protruding through the floor in the TR shall be terminated at least 75
mm above the floor surface
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Cable Trays and Channels
• Cable trays and channels are rigid structures for the containment of
telecommunications cables.
• They may be installed above
or below the ceiling, or below an
access floor, and in accordance
with the applicable electrical
code.
• Cables are pulled or laid in
place after the pathway has
been installed.
Ladder Cable Tray
Channel Cable Tray Mesh Cable Tray
Ventilated Cable Tray
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Ceiling Pathways
• Ceiling pathways are typically located above drop ceilings with removable
panels.
• Installations can be in both plenum and non-plenum spaces.
• Ceiling pathway may use a basket, cable tray, trunking and conduit, J-
Hooks, D-rings or Catenary wires.
• When a cable tray is used in the ceiling area, trunking from the tray to the
outlets is required unless loose wiring is permitted by standards or
regulations.
J-Hooks
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• Determine the number of WAs
• Determine design type, home run or zone
• Determine the Horizontal channel design, Cross-
connect, CP, MUTOA,
• Determine cable lengths and components required
Horizontal System Design
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TO’s
Telecomms RoomStairs
Office
Floor Plan showing Telecommunications Outlets
• Office Environments TIA/EIA 9sqm (100sq ft), ISO 10sqm per WA
• Min 2 x CAT5E(Min-spec) outlets per WA
• BAS and Wireless need to be considered
Determine the Number of Work Areas
Standards recommendations
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Home Run method
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
19x6-inch Universal Rack
Vertical
DS Cable
Manager
Vertical
DS Cable
Manager
24-Port Hub
24-Port Hub
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
4 x UTP 4 x UTP 4 x UTP4 x UTP
16 x UTP
Determine Distribution Design Type
• TO’s connected directly to patch panel in TR
• Example 16 x UTP to TO’s
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Zone method – Consolidation Points
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
81 81
81
2
3 4
1
81
19x6-inch Universal Rack
Vertical
DS Cable
Manager
Vertical
DS Cable
Manager
24-Port Hub
24-Port Hub
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
1100GS3-48
1100D3
Eg. 4
cables
Eg. multiple 4 pair cables
Flexible moveable outlet positions
• Power poles
• Underfloor
• Sub-closet
CP
Determine Distribution Design Type
• Consolidation Point connected to patch panel at TR
• TO’s connected to CP using TO to CP (plug) cord
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Calculating Horizontal
Components
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Calculating Horizontal Components
• Identify shortest cable run, A
• Identify longest cable run, B
• Calculate average cable length, AL = (A + B) / 2
• Calculate slack, S = AL x 10%
• Determine closet termination allowance, C
• Determine work area drop length, D
• Calculate total average cable length, TCL = AL + S + C
+D
Home-Run
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110 X-Connect 30' (9m)
Telecommunication Room
65' (20m)
10' (3m)
A
B
15'
(4.5m)
Closet Termination
20' (6m) Drop
15' (4.5m)
Drop
15' (4.5m)
CD
Home-Run Cabling Method
Calculating Horizontal Components
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Home-Run Cabling Method
* Variable
** Only required with overhead distribution
(A)
Shortest
Cable Run
(B)
Longest
Cable Run
(AL)
Average Cable
Length
(S)
10%
Slack
( C )
Closet
Termination
Allowance
(D)
Work Area
Drop &
Termination
(TCL)
Total Average
Cable Length
18 m. 60 m. 39 m. 4 m. 6 m.* 4.5 m. ** 54.5 m.
(60 ft.) (200 ft.) (130 ft.) (13 ft.) (20 ft.) (15 ft.) (178 ft.)
Calculating Horizontal Components
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Calculating Horizontal Components
Available in lengths from 1,000’ to 16,800’
Sample calculation
– Max. orderable length / total average length = number of runs per 1000’ box
– Number of IO’s / number of runs per 1000’ box = number of boxes of cable
Ordering Home Run Cable
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Horizontal Design
Exercises