large scale dioxin/pesticid source remediation, niels ploug, kruger
TRANSCRIPT
Geoarena 2014
LARGE SCALE DIOXIN/PESTICID SOURCE REMEDIATION
1. Introduction to Thermal Conduction and ISTD/IPTD Treatment of Dioxins
2. References on earlier work
3. USAID – Danang Airport Vietnam IPTD project
Agenda
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TCH Wells
3
°C
Heater Heatert1,2,3 = temperature progression
= 335C
t1
t2
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0
50t3
% Sat.Temp°C
t1
t2
t2
TCH Well
Heat spreads primarily by conduction uniform heating
Electric HeatingElement inside
Steel Pipe
What is Thermal Conductive Heating (TCH)?
Vapor cover
Created steam and vapors are captured by vertical or horizontal extraction wells.
The vapor pressures of contaminants increase exponentially due to thermal conduction heating during the ISTD & IPTD® process.
Effect of heating
Site
Treated Volume
Before treatment
After treatment Source test
Mean Soil Concentration
Mean Soil Concentration Exhaust gas
[m3] [pg-TEQ/g] [pg-TEQ/g] [ng-TEQ/Nm3]Missouri Electric Works Superfund
Site, Cape Girardeau, Missouri
USA
5.7 6,500 3.2 0.0029
Former US Naval Facility Centerville Beach, Ferndale, California USA
765 3,200 7.3 0.0055
Southern California Edison AOC-2,
Alhambra, California USA
12,615 18,000 110 0.0071
Ministry of Environment,
Yamaguchi, Japan1.0 1,800 67.75 0.000018
(Heron et al. 2010; Baker et al. 2008; USEPA 1998; Conley and Lonie 2000)
TEQ = 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-dioxin Equivalents (WHO)
Examples of ISTD and IPTD Field Project Results for the Remediation of Dioxin in Soil and Sediment
Da Nang
Danang Airport
Agent Orange
2,4,5-triklorfenoxy-butylester
2,4,5 - T
2,4-diklorfenoxy-butylester
2,4 - D
Agent Orange
2,3,7,8-tetraklordibenzodioxin
TCDD
Bi product/impurity
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SurveyScreening• 7 areas
Detailed survey• Quantification of extent
UXO• Survey• Clearance
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SurveyFirst level text• Example of second level
Third level textFourth level: this must remain an exception, to be avoided when
projecting.
Technology screening
Technology evaluationClean up criteira• 150 ng/kg TEQ
Thermal desorption – lab tests
at >335°C
(Sorenson et al. 2011)
Pile Structure
Insulated walls
Sheet pile
Drain Drain layer
Insulation
Vapor cap
Air inletHeater well
Horizontal exstraction
Opgravet jord
In Pile Thermal Desorption - IPTD®
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Treatment system
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2,3,7,8-tetraklordibenzodioxin (TCDD)• Adsorbtion on Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
Other contaminants• Chlorophenols• Herbicides 2,4-D, 2,4,5,-T• Other TOC
Water/condensate treatment• NAPL/DNAPL separation• Macro Porous Polymer Extraction• GAC
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Status
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Project team
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South East Asia
http://www.usaid.gov/vietnam/environmental-remediation