kavanagh mansfield & partners eurocodes

Institution of Civil EngineersRepublic of Ireland Section

Eurocodes:

Implementation in Ireland by 2010Introduction

Jim Mansfield

Liaison Engineer EN 1990 and EN 1991

Chairman Liaison Engineers Group

Institution of Civil Engineers

Republic of Ireland Region

Eurocodes:

Implementation in Ireland by 2010

Introduction

Jim Mansfield

Liaison Engineer EN 1990 and EN 1991

Chairman Liaison Engineers Group

Kavanagh Mansfield & PartnersEurocodes

EUPublic

ProcurementDirective PPD

(EU)

Eurocodes (CEN)

ConstructionProducts

Directive CPD(EU)


Purpose of Eurocodes as set out by EU Commission

Common design criteria for strength, fire, durability, economy

Common understanding of design of structures for owners, users, designers, contractors and suppliers

Exchange of construction services between Member States

Facilitate use of components and kits in Member States

Facilitate use of materials and products in Member States

Common basis for research and development

Common design for design aids and software

Increase competitiveness of European construction industry worldwide


28 member states within Europe28 member states within Europe

Funded by European Union/EFTAFunded by European Union/EFTA

MembersMembers

Ireland NSAIIreland NSAI

UK BSIUK BSI

Europe CEN – CENELEC - EOTAEurope CEN – CENELEC - EOTA


Construction ProductsDirective

Essential RequirementsInterpretive Documents

Mandates

Technical Specifications

European HarmonizedStandards (hEN’s)

European Technical Approvals (ETAs) + (ETAGs)

Category ADesign & Execution

Category BProduct Standard

Attestation of Conformity

CE Marking

(Eurocodes)

Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEC

In place since 1989

Currently discussions are being held to replace it with

Construction Products Regulations

For agreement 2009

This will be applied by the Commission and will apply all over Europe

CE marking will become mandatory 2011/2012

Will apply in Ireland so all should be aware

May be some easing of rules for SMEs

Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government looking at this



Guidance Paper L Application and Use of Eurocodes(Construction Products Directive)

Prove compliance of Building and Civil Engineering works with essential requirements of Construction Products Directive

1 – Mechanical resistance and stability2 – Safety in case of fire4 – Safety in use

As a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services

As a framework for drawing up Harmonized Technical Specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs)


Product hENs

Must be consistency between specifications and Eurocodes

2 main types of properties

(a) properties determined by testing e.g. Concrete steel etc.(b) properties determined by calculations e.g. Prefabricated elements or kits

Allow “appropriate levels and classes” for national provisions and NDP’s in the various Eurocodes

Declare all values in information for CE marking and for use in structural design

Products that have declared values to Eurocode calculation methods, following hENs, and with CE marking must be allowed on the market and allowed to be used for the intended purpose in all member states.


Eurocodes should be referred to in hENs

- for products involving structural calculations- for products whose properties are determined by the Eurocodes- May utilise NDP’s where applicable. - Express in terms of characteristic values with NDP’s calculated by designer- or Design values if NDP’s in country of use determined by manufacturer

Provide all information necessary to use the product structurallyMust comply with provisions including Production Control and Testing

If Eurocodes are to be used to assess strength of a product. Then these must be used by manufacturers and accepted in all member states without additional tests


1

2

3

Provide geometrical data and material performance characteristics generally off – the shelf product

Provide declared values for structural components & kits(relate to NDP’s where necessary) based on Eurocode

off the shelf and made to measure products

Refer to Client drawings/documentsmade to measure products (responsibility by

Designer) for specific project

3 methods


CE Marking

Will become mandatory. Currently not in Ireland, UK and Sweden All states must recognise and accept assessment of products

States cannot impose additional requirements

Important for Manufacturers to comply with hENs and ETAs

Important for Exporters and Importers to be fully aware of rules

Designers must also be aware of specification rules

Harmonized product standards to be available to avoid dumping of inferior products

NSAI and Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government looking at this

area at the moment as discussed earlier

Rules are changing for Ireland in respect of CE marking

CE Marking

Declared values of product performance

CE Mark not a Safety mark in itself

Just that it has been tested in accordance with a technical specification

Construction products are intermediary

Manufacturer cannot envisage every end use

These to be analysed by end user (designer, contractor, etc) to ensure fitness for use

For particular applicationFor conditions of use

In compliance with Part D of the Buildings Regulations



Public Procurement Directive PPD

Mandatory for all construction contracts greater than

€5 million

Also for design contracts over €130,000 etc.

i.e. Road Bridges, Public Buildings


Eurocodes

+

National Annexes

will be mentioned specifically in Technical Guidance

Documents

Also in DMRB for “Bridge Works”

NRA a party to the Bridge parts

Prima facie method of compliance


Public Procurement Directive

- Other rules acceptable if equivalent to Eurocodes- Use either Eurocode and NDPs or- Other performance specification clear to both designers and owner

(possible use of National Codes)- This should be clearly specified in advance for a level playing field- Difficult to prove prima facie acceptance to Building Regulation etc.


LIST OF CODES

EN 1990 EC0 Basis of Structural Design 1 parts

EN 1991 ECI Actions on Structures 10 parts

EN 1992 EC2 Design of Concrete Structures 4 parts

EN 1993 EC3 Design of Steel Structures 20 parts

EN 1994 EC4 Design of Composite Steel & Concrete Structures 3 parts

EN 1995 EC5 Design of Timber Structures 3 parts

EN 1996 EC6 Design of Masonry Structure 4 parts

EN 1997 EC7 Geotechnical Design 2 parts

EN 1998 EC8 Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance 6 parts

EN 1999 EC9 Design of Aluminium Structure 5 parts

Total 58 parts


STRUCTURAL SAFETY SERVICEABILITY DURABILITY

ACTIONS (LOADS)Material independant

MATERIAL SPECIFIC DESIGN AND DETAILING

GEOTECHNICAL AND SEISMIC DESIGNMaterial independant

EN 1990

EN 1991

EN 1992 EN 1994 EN 1996

EN 1993 EN 1995 EN 1999

EN 1997 EN 1998

Relationship of Codes


EN 1991

EN 1992

EN 1993

General

Fire

Bridges

Parts 1.1

Parts 1.2

Parts 2

EN 1994 Silos and TanksParts 4

Horizontal Co-ordination of Codes


1.5 Definitions

For the structural Eurocode suite, attention is drawn to the following key definitions, which may be different from current national practices:

“Action” means a load, or an imposed deformation (e.g. Temperature effects or settlement).

“Effects of Actions” or “Action effects” are internal moments and forces, bending moments, shear forces and deformations caused by actions.

“Strength” is a mechanical property of a material, in units of stress.

“Resistance” is a mechanical property of a cross-section of a member, or in a member or structure.

“Execution” covers all activities carried out for the physical completion of the work including procurement, the inspection and documentation thereof. The term covers work on site; it may also signify the fabrication of components off site and their subsequent erection on site.


Foreword:BackgroundStatus and Field of ApplicationNational StandardsLinks to Harmonized Technical SpecificationAdditional InformationNational Annex

Section 1:GeneralScopeReferencesAssumptionsPrinciples Application RulesDefinitions and Symbols

Eurocode Typical Part


Other Sections(EN 1992-1-1 example)

- Basis of Design- Materials- Durability- Analysis- Ultimate Limit States- Serviceability Limit States- Detailing- Precast- Lightweight Aggregates- Plain Structures- Annexes - Informative- Normative

- National Annex


EN 1990 “Basis of Structural Design”

CONTENTS

Foreword

1. General Scope Assumptions Symbols etc2. Requirements – Basic, Reliability, Working Life, Durability, Quality3. Principles of Limit State Design – Design Situations4. Basic Variables – Actions, Materials, Geometry5. Structural Analysis and Design assisted by Testing6. Verification by the Partial Factor Method

Design ValuesUltimate Limit SlateServiceability Limit Slate

Annexes

A1 - Application for BuildingA2 - Application for Bridges etc.B - Management of Structural Reliability for Construction WorksC - Basis for Partial Factor Design and Reliability AnalysisD - Design assisted by Testing

National Annex


EN 1990 - Assumptions

Choice of Structural System and Design of the structure made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel

Execution (Construction) by personnel with appropriate skills and experience

Adequate supervision and quality control (in design offices, factories and on sites)

Materials and products used as in EN 1990 – EN 1999 and supporting material or product specifications

Structure adequately maintained

Structure used in accordance with Design Assumptions


Principles – EN 1990

General Statement and Definitions (1.4 (2))(No alternative)

Requirement and Analytical Modes(No alternatives)

Identified by letter P after paragraph number (1.4 (3))


Application Rules

Generally Recognised Rules 1.4(4)which comply with the principles and satisfy their requirements

Alternative rules may be used if(a) accord with principles(b) equivalent with regard to structural safety, serviceability and durability

Identified by paragraph number without letter

If alternative used then design may not be wholly in accordance with EN 1990, although in accordance with the priciples. IF EN 1990 is used in repect of a product standard, the alternative rule may not be acceptable for CE Marking.


Requirements

A structure shall be designed and executed in such a way that it will, during its intended life, with appropriate degrees of reliability and in an economical way

- sustain all actions and influences likely to occur during execution and use- remain fit for purpose for which it is required

Structural resistance, serviceability and durability

Adequate resistance to fire

Robustness Requirements - Resistance to accidental action not disproportionate to original cause

Suitable choice of materials, design, detailing and execution

Due skill and care exercised based on generally available knowledge and good practice


Partial factor verification limit states

Design resistance to be greater than design value of effects of actions

Take into account material properties / geometrical propertiesUse section 6 and the relevant Annex A eg buildings bridges etcEquations 6.10, 6.10a and 6.10b are relevant for ultimate states with

equations 6.11 for accidental and 6.12 for seismic and equations6.13 to 6.16b for serviceability limits statesdepending on the load combination.

Different equations for characteristic, frequent and quasi permanent combinations

Partial factors are specified nationallyCombination rules apply


Ultimate Limit States

EQU - EquilibriumSTR - StrengthGEO - Ground Failure/DeformationFAT - Fatigue Failure

Combination of Actions Representative Values of ActionsAchievement of Consistent Levels of ReliabilityUse of Alternative EquationsGeotechnical Actions and Resistances


- Serviceability Limit States(Reversible and Irreversible)

deflexioncrackingvibration

- Accidental Limit States (including Snow)

- Seismic Limit States(EN 1998 – Not generally applicable in Ireland)


Safety (Reliability)Within competence of members states

- Differences in geographical or climatic conditions- Different levels of protection- Technical classes- Alternative design methods- Determined at national level- Nationally Determined Parameters (NDPs)- National Annex


National Implementation

EN Eurocode text (official languages English, French & German)

Equivalent text (National language)

National Title Page

National Foreword

National Annex (with NDP’s)

National Annex not necessary if all recommended values accepted e.g. IS.

EN 1991-6 “Silos and Tanks”

Or not relevant – IS. EN 1998 “Seismic Design”


National Annex includes;

NDP’s Nationally Determined Parameters

Decisions on Informative Annexes

Non contradictory complementary information

Bibliography (optional)


Nationally Determined Parameters

- Must be clearly made known- Apply in member state that structure is built in not designed in- Do not replace with National Regulations- Apply to Public Procurement Projects


National Annexes (NA’s) – Irish Approach

Nationally Determined Parameters (NDP’s)

Consider use of Eurocode Recommended Values

UK values should be considered in view of BSI standards currently being used in Ireland

Review for Irish conditions cf BS 8110 and IS 326/BS 8500 and IS EN 206

More flexible than UK e.g. Alternative Geotechnical Designs


National Annexes

EN 1990 Basis of Structural DesignIssuedMinor differences with UK. European Recommended Values normally used

EN 1991 -1-1 Dead & Imposed Loads - issuedIrish divergence from UK values National Annex much closer to European Recommended Value.

EN 1991 -1-2 Fire - issuedStudy by BRE. Similar to UK

EN 1991 -1-3 SnowSimilar to UK

EN 1991 -1-4 WindStudy by Arup Wind likely to be similar to UK


National Annexes - Studies

EN 1991-1-2 Actions on Structures Exposed to Fire Study by BRE - UK practice

EN 1991-1-4 Wind Actions – in progressStudy by Arup Wind (likely to be UK practice) – New wind mapAwaiting publication of UKNA

EN 1992 Design of Concrete Structures – in progressStudy by Kavanagh Mansfield & Partners & Lee McCullough & Partners

EN 1993 Following European practice

EN 1996 Design of Masonry Structures – in progressStudy by Lee McCullough & Partners

Bridge Study National Road Authority – study of Bridge related partsRoughan & O’DonovanFaber Maunsell (likely to be similar to UK practice)Also Iarnrod Eireann


Implementation

Clock ticking – March 2010

National Annex publication

Demand from Europe

Public Works contracts

Withdrawal of National Codes

Up to date design

Product standards

Acceptance of CE marking


References

Eurocodes ISEN 1990-ISEN 1999 published by NSAI with National Annexes Codes also published by other National Standards bodies

Designers Guide to EN1990 Gulvanessian, Calgaro, and Holicky, Thomas Telford

Geotechnical Design to Eurocode 7, Trevor Orr and Eric Farrell

Designers Guide to the other EN’s published by Thomas Telford

Eurocode website, commission website, jrc website, www.eurocodes.co.uk, Institution of Civil Engineers

“Implementation of Structural Eurocodes in the U.K”, Office of the Deputy Prime Minister

“National Strategy for Implementation of the Structural Eurocodes”, Institution of Structural Engineers

Numerous articles published in NSAI, Engineers Ireland, IStructE and NCE journals

Access steel, Concrete Society

Photographs NASA Visible Earth (http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/)


Eurocodes – Seminars

EN 1990 “Basis on Design”

EN 1991 “Actions on Structures” and

EN 1998 “Seismic Action”

Speakers:Jim Mansfield, Chairman of Eurocodes Technical Group andDr. Brian Broderick, Dept of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering, TCD


VENUES:

11 November

Venue: Sheraton Athlone HotelGleeson StreetAthloneCo. Westmeath

18 November

Venue: Engineers Ireland22 Clyde RoadBallsbridgeDublin 4

25 November

Venue: Cork International Airport HotelGate 2Cork Airport Business ParkCork


Eurocodes – Seminar

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Booking Information

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Date Venue

11 November Sheraton Athlone Hotel, Gleeson Street, Athlone □

18 November Engineers Ireland, 22 Clyde Road, Ballsbridge □25 November Cork International Airport Hotel, Cork___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Session Time 9 – 5pm

Fee: EI Members €325 □ Non Members €425 □Fee includes course material, tea/coffee and lunch

Payment: Payment must accompany registration and may be made by ChequeCredit Card or, where appropriate, Purchase Order.

Cancellation: A 50% cancellation fee (to cover administration costs) will becharged for cancellations received within 7 days prior tocommencement of the seminar. Cancellations received onthe day of the seminar will incur the full seminar fee.Substitutions are allowed.

Booking: Bookings can be made by returning this Registration Form.Telephone bookings MUST BE accompanied by written confirmation either by post or fax

Contact: CPD Training Team, Engineers Ireland, 22 Clyde Road,Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. Phone 01 665 1325, Fax: 01 668 4248