STRUCTURED ORAL LANGUAGE PRACTICE

ROUTINES and Persistent Errors

Kathy Gaitán and Justin Johnson

Present Perfect

Conditional Perfect

Reflexive Pronouns

Persistent Errors

STRUCTURED ORAL LANGUAGE PRACTICE

ROUTINES

AZAR WEB PAGE(everything you wanted to know about grammar)

http://www.azargrammar.com/materials/index.html

Present Perfect (3.2 in ADEPT)What is the

boy going to do?

Kick the ball.

He hasn’t kicked it yet.

Why is it still on the

ground?

Review4-1 Past participle4-2 Present perfect with since and for4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer forms4-4 Present perfect with unspecified time4-5 Simple past vs. present perfect4-6 Present perfect progressive4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect4-8 Past perfect

CONTENTS

I have You have She, He, It has

We have They have

STATEMENT: have / has + past participle

been here for a week.

Auxiliary Verb when using Present Perfect

SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT

I had an angel fish when I was a child.

I have had many otherfish since then.

SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT

SIMPLE PAST

(a) They completed the game at 4:00.

PRESENT PERFECT

(b) They have already completed the game.

specific time

unspecified time

SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT

SIMPLE PAST

(c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old.

PRESENT PERFECT

(d) I have been to Nigeria three times.

specific time

unspecified time

SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT

SIMPLE PAST

(e) Jack camped in France for 9 days.

PRESENT PERFECT

(f) Eli has been camping for 9 days.(f) Eli has been camping since last Monday.

for activity began & ended in past

for / since activity began & continues

Let’s Practice

SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?We have been to Tokyo many times.

OR

UNSPECIFIEDPRESENTPERFECT

Let’s Practice

SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?Barry has never been to Tokyo.

OR

UNSPECIFIEDPRESENTPERFECT

Let’s Practice

SPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED TIME ?Gina went to Tokyo last month.

OR

SPECIFIED SIMPLE PAST

Review4-1 Past participle4-2 Present perfect with since and for4-3 Negatives, questions, and short answer forms4-4 Present perfect with unspecified time4-5 Simple past vs. present perfect4-6 Present perfect progressive4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect4-8 Past perfect

CONTENTS

LINES OF COMMUNICATION WITH QUESTION CARDS

Who have you _____ (know) since you

were in kindergarten?

How many times have you ______ (go) to the

bathroom today?

1-line up2-fold the line in half3-find a partner across from you4-identify who is A & B5-As ask their question, Bs respond6-Bs ask question, As respond7-Person at end of Line A moves to the front at signal8-Ask and answer questions with your new partner9-This routine encourages use of target language many times.

Reflexive Pronouns (4.1 & 4.2)

Who are they looking at?

Themselves.

Theirselves.

Them.Theirself.Eachothe

r.

Reflexive Pronouns

http://www.azargrammar.com/materials/index.html

(Under Chapter 6 Nouns and Pronouns)

They can see themselves in the water.

subject & object are same person

myself (a) I can see myself in the water.yourself (b) You saw yourself.herself (c) She saw herself.himself (d) He saw himself.itself (e) It saw itself.ourselves (f) We saw ourselves.yourselves (g) You saw yourselves.themselves (h) They saw themselves.

by + reflexive pronoun = alone

Angela is lonely when she eats out by herself.

Sometimes I enjoy eating by myself.

enjoy (and other verbs) reflexive pronoun

Angela usually enjoys herself.

pinch yourself be proud of yourself

scratch yourself

help yourselfblame yourself

teach yourself

GAMEBOARDS AND SPINNERS

Instructions:1 - Spin the pronoun spinner and use the reflexive pronoun cards to complete the sentence frames.2 – Roll the dice and move accordingly.

ASPECT OF SPEECH SPINNERS

• Verb Tenses• Adverbs of Frequency• Subject Pronouns• Your Choice

Conditional Perfect (4.6 & 4.7)

What would have happened if some people had been sitting there?

They would have gotten mad.

They would get mad.

Conditional Perfect Untrue in the Past

If I had had enough time, I would have watched TV yesterday.Did I have enough time? No but…

If I had had enough timeIf clause= past perfect (had + past participle)I would have watched TV yesterday.Result clause=would have + past participle

If you had told me about the problem, I would have helped you.

Did you tell me about the problem? Nope.But….

If you had told me about the problemIf clause= past perfect (had + past participle)

I would have helped you. Result clause=would have + past participle

Untrue in the Past Checking for Understanding

If the weather had been good yesterday, we would have cancelled the picnic.a. Was the picnic cancelled? _______b. Was the weather good? ______

Ann would have made it to class on time this morning if the bus hadn’t been late.c. Did Ann try to make it to class on time? _____d. Did Ann make it to class on time? _____e. Was the bus late? ____

CONDITIONAL PERFECT SORTING ACTIVITY

If_____ had ____________ (pronoun) (past participle)

_____would have __________ (pronoun) (past participle)

Wrap Up• Explicitly teaching the forms is important

• English grammar is complicated so we should be aware of it’s complexities

• AZAR has many grammar lessons available

• Level 3s and 4s plateau partly because of the persistent errors we practiced today

• Just teaching grammar isn’t the answer, attaching it to a purpose with instructional routines can make the language stick

• Here are some resources to take back to your classes• Lets make it fun! Please fill out an evaluation