University of Virginia | Master of Landscape Architecture, 2013Stanford University | Bachelor of Science, Earth Systems, 2008

khayes@virginia.edu | 202.215.1813

KATE HAYES

2 | Hayes

About Me

With a range of professional experience, a B.S. in Earth Systems from Stanford University, and a M.L.A. from University of Virginia, I am eager to embark upon a professional career in landscape architecture.

My strong work ethic, curiosity, discipline, and commitment to landscape architecture makes me a dedicated worker. With strong verbal and visual communication skills, I am able to thrive working both individually and in team settings.

Landscape architecture is my passion and I look forward to contributing to this exciting field.

Presenting teams EMiLA project in Amsterdam, September 2011

Hayes | 3

Tab le o f C onten t s

5

27

37

50

Studio Pro jec t s Mar ke t G r ad i en t s Sw amp Th ing San d Eng in e

A Memor ia l Ga rden D r i f t i n g Eco ton e s

Sk i l l s S i t e Re ad ing D iag r amming

GISD e t a i l D e s ig n

A r t i s t B o ok C o l l ab o r a t i v e Wo r k

Thes is

Resume

4 | Hayes

GROUNDGROUND

SHRUB

SUB-CANOPYfragrant, old medicinal use

Hayes | 5

STUDIO PROJECTS

M a r k e t G r a d i e n t s : G r e e n I n f r a s t r u c t u r e + P u b l i c S p a c e C h a r l o t t e s v i l l e , VA

Fa l l 2012

S w a m p T h i n g : A S m a r t G r i d f o r W a t e r N e w O r l e a n s , L A

Fa l l 2011

S a n d E n g i n e : U n d e r s t a n d i n g + L i v i n g w i t h C h a n g e o v e r T i m eN o r f o l k , VA

Sp r ing 2011

A M e m o r i a l G a r d e n o n O b s e r v a t o r y H i l lChar lo t te sv i l l e , VA

Fa l l 2010

D r i f t i n g E c o t o n e s : P l a n t e d F o r m + F u n c t i o n

C h a r l o t t e s v i l l e , VA Spr ing 2012

6 | Hayes

LINE TO GRADIENT | REGIONAL WATERSHED

precipitation

Pollacks Branch piped watershed

site watershed

James River Watershed

James River Watershed

precipitation

sunkenplaza

mist

wate

r

Biofilter

Bioretention

Daylight Existing Storm Drain

Downspout Disconnection to Rain Barrel

Dry Swale

Rain Garden

Stormwater Wetland

1/2 MILE

1/4 MILE

0 4,000

8,000

2,000 ft

0 250 500125 Feet

217,997 sq ft

pipe#1

pipe#2

144,738 sq ft

88,134 sq ft

82,752 sq ft

36,184 cf

22,033 cf

20,688 cf

54,500 cf

peop

le

Comprehensive Studio, Fall 2012Professors: Elizabeth Meyer + Leena ChoTeam Project: Kate Hayes + Rachel Stevens

G reen In f r as t r uc ture as Pub l i c Space : L ine to Grad ien t

The act of opening up the ground and transforming the discrete line of a stormwater pipe into a constructed and designed hydrologic gradient not only helps reveal local and regional fluxes and flows, but provides a structural framework for new public space and market district. Like the seasonal flooding banks of a streambed, this market district would have a similar gradient, expanding and contracting based on the amount of water and people occupying the space. This market acts a catalyst for this network of public space and green infrastructure that is embedded in a larger city and regional scale.

This gradient can extend to include the public to private between the street and buildings that surround it, and integrate the market as part of a multi-functional network of public, ecological spaces within the downtown area that also reference and ground that place within the dynamics of the city and region.

Landscape framework plan for Charlottesville contrasting and connecting

stream gradients with pipe lines

Hayes | 7

Market edge in winter: snow collection area and icicle fountain

Market edge in summer: water retention and structural soil planting detail

Charlottesville annual Charlottesville annual precipitation (in) precipitation (in)

1 yr 24 hr

2 yr 24 hr

25 yr 24 hr

10 yr 24 hr

44

3

precipitation

Pollacks Branch piped watershed

site watershed

DESIGN STORMS

James River Watershed

James River Watershed

precipitation

3.5

6

7

wate

r

Biofilter

Bioretention

Daylight Existing Storm Drain

Downspout Disconnection to Rain Barrel

Dry Swale

Rain Garden

Stormwater Wetland

1/2 MILE

1/4 MILE

0 4,000

8,000

2,000 ft

0 250 500125 Feet

217,997 sq ft

pipe#1

pipe#2

144,738 sq ft

88,134 sq ft

82,752 sq ft

36,184 cf

22,033 cf

20,688 cf

54,500 cf

peop

le

precipitation

Pollacks Branch piped watershed

site watershed

site

James River Watershed

James River Watershed

precipitation

stor

mwa

ter r

unof

f

wate

r

Biofilter

Bioretention

Daylight Existing Storm Drain

Downspout Disconnection to Rain Barrel

Dry Swale

Rain Garden

Stormwater Wetland

1/2 MILE

1/4 MILE

0 4,000

8,000

2,000 ft

0 250 500125 Feet

217,997 sq ft

pipe#1

pipe#2

144,738 sq ft

88,134 sq ft

82,752 sq ft

36,184 cf

22,033 cf

20,688 cf

54,500 cf

peop

le

precipitation

Pollacks Branch piped watershed

site watershed

James River Watershed

James River Watershed

precipitation

site

wate

r

Biofilter

Bioretention

Daylight Existing Storm Drain

Downspout Disconnection to Rain Barrel

Dry Swale

Rain Garden

Stormwater Wetland

1/2 MILE

1/4 MILE

0 4,000

8,000

2,000 ft

0 250 500125 Feet

217,997 sq ft

pipe#1

pipe#2

144,738 sq ft

88,134 sq ft

82,752 sq ft

36,184 cf

22,033 cf

20,688 cf

54,500 cf

peop

le

Water strategy: infiltrate and store water on site

Existing Proposed

Combining water and public space(calculations based on 1 yr 24 hr design storm)

precipitation

Pollacks Branch piped watershed

site watershed

James River Watershed

James River Watershed

precipitation

wate

r

Biofilter

Bioretention

Daylight Existing Storm Drain

Downspout Disconnection to Rain Barrel

Dry Swale

Rain Garden

Stormwater Wetland

1/2 MILE

1/4 MILE

0 4,000

8,000

2,000 ft

0 250 500125 Feet

217,997 sq ft

pipe#1

pipe#2

144,738 sq ft

88,134 sq ft

82,752 sq ft

36,184 cf

22,033 cf

20,688 cf

54,500 cf

SUB-WATERSHEDSbased on 1 yr 24 hr design storm

peop

le

sunken plazasunken plazasunken plaza+ skating12,000 SF12,000 SF12,000 SF12,000 SF

stairs +stairs +stairs +stairs +stairs +amphitheateramphitheateramphitheater

main marketmain marketmain marketmain market72 vendors72 vendors

0 250 500125 Feet

movie screenmovie screenmovie screenmovie screenmovie screenmovie screenmovie screen250 people 250 people 250 people

recliningrecliningreclining

amphitheateramphitheateramphitheaterseats 60seats 60seats 60

overflow marketoverflow marketoverflow marketoverflow marketoverflow marketoverflow marketoverflow marketoverflow market20 vendors + 20 vendors + 20 vendors +

trucks

8 | Hayes

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY

AN

AU

TOD

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UC

ATI

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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

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BY A

N A

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DESK

EDU

CA

TION

AL PR

OD

UC

T

RAIL-

TO-T

RAIL

RAIL-

TO-T

RAIL

RAILW

AYRA

ILWAY

NON-MARKET DAY

MARKET DAY

MARKET DAYMARKET DAY

NON-MARKET DAYNON-MARKET DAY

NON-MARKET DAYNON-MARKET DAYNON-MARKET DAY

MARKET DAYMARKET DAY

MARKET DAY

MARKET DAYMARKET DAYMARKET DAY

1st Street1st Street

catch-up with Belmont neighborcatch-up with Belmont neighborcatch-up with Belmont neighborcatch-up with Belmont neighbor

jog during lunch hourjog during lunch hourjog during lunch hour

Ridge StreetRidge Street

Four Square in the streetFour Square in the streetFour Square in the streetFour Square in the street

learn how to can at learn how to can at workshop workshop

see water level risesee water level risesee water level risesee water level risesee water level risesee water level risepost storm eventpost storm eventpost storm eventpost storm eventpost storm event

listen to Penny Pistollisten to Penny Pistollisten to Penny Pistollisten to Penny Pistolperformanceperformanceperformanceperformance

watch the sun set

buy greens from usual weekly vendorbuy greens from usual weekly vendorbuy greens from usual weekly vendorbuy greens from usual weekly vendor

stock up on spring annualsstock up on spring annualsstock up on spring annualsstock up on spring annuals

commute to workcommute to workcommute to work

stop into new smallstop into new smallstop into new smallstop into new smallstop into new smallbusinessbusiness

stop by SNAP boothstop by SNAP booth

break off icicle from fountain break off icicle from fountain break off icicle from fountain wallwall

cool hands in poolcool hands in poolcool hands in pool

follow runnel down pathfollow runnel down path

use dry runnel as racing use dry runnel as racing use dry runnel as racing use dry runnel as racing track for toy carstrack for toy carstrack for toy cars

listen to running waterlisten to running water

people + people + water watch

public lifewater

public lifepublic lifewater

public life

public life

public life

water

waterwater

water

public life

public life

public life

water

water

water

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY

AN

AU

TOD

ESK

ED

UC

ATI

ON

AL

PRO

DU

CT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY A

N A

UTO

DESK

EDU

CA

TION

AL PR

OD

UC

T

MARKET DAY

catch-up with Belmont neighborcatch-up with Belmont neighborcatch-up with Belmont neighborcatch-up with Belmont neighbor

stop into new smallstop into new smallstop into new smallstop into new smallbusinessbusiness

follow runnel down pathfollow runnel down path

people + people + water watch

public lifewater

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY

AN

AU

TOD

ESK

ED

UC

ATI

ON

AL

PRO

DU

CT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRO

DU

CED

BY A

N A

UTO

DESK

EDU

CA

TION

AL PR

OD

UC

T

NON-MARKET DAYNON-MARKET DAY

learn how to can at learn how to can at workshop workshop

use dry runnel as racing use dry runnel as racing use dry runnel as racing use dry runnel as racing track for toy carstrack for toy carstrack for toy cars

public lifewater

The gradient responds to human and non-human ecology as a unified system rather than separate constituencies. The market is a zone of exchange between people, water, and vegetation where the rituals of daily life - in the form of streetscape, market district, and park - become embedded in the landscape dynamics of Charlottesville and the greater region.

Mar ke t G r ad i en t s

Sectional series through market, revealing individual relationships between water and public life

Hayes | 9

Ground planModel of modular ground condition of runnels

Site plan

+496 TS +496

+485.5

+475 BS +464

+467

+468 +466

+462

+461

+462

+461

+461

+461

+461

+461

+461 +461.5

+462

+462

+462

+462

+461.5

+462

+463

+462 +466

+463

+464

+464

+461

+461

+461 +461

+461

+461

+461

+461 +461

+461 +461

+461 +461

+461

+461 +461

+461.5

+461.5

+461.5

+461.5

+461.5

+460.5

+460.5 +460.5

+460.5

+460.5

+460.5

+460.5

+460.5

+460.5

+460.5 +460

+460

TS+460

+459

+458

+458

+459

+460

TW+463

TW+463

BW+458

BW+461

BS+457.5

BS+457.5 BS+457.5

TS+458

+456

BS+458

TS+461

GARRETT ST

SOUTH ST

1ST STREET

2ND STREET

GLEASON STREET

RIDGE STREET

A

B

C

D

E

0 32 64

10 | Hayes

The ground plane - its form, its function, and its experiential qualities - is an integral component to the design of this district. Like a more regionally scaled landscape ecology of patches, corridors, and matrices, these components can operate at a site scale to further characterize and define this market district gradient. The interior and edge conditions inform program types and the seasonality and flux of the market.

Ma r ke t Op e r a t i ons

Garrett Street as a pedestrian zone on City Market days; vehicle circulation maintained for non-market days

non-market day

VENDORS(5 AM + 1 PM)

market day vendors

PEDESTRIAN ZONE

market day pedestrians

Hayes | 11

JAN 45/36/3.7 FEB 49/29/ 3.31MAR 58/36/4.06 APR 69/45/3.35 MAY 76/54/4.84MAY 76/54/4.84 JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45 JUL 88/66/4.92JUL 88/66/4.92 AUG 86/64/4.13AUG 86/64/4.13 SEP 80/58/4.84SEP 80/58/4.84 OCT 69/47/4.21 NOV 59/38/3.74 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06 APR 69/45/3.35APR 69/45/3.35 DEC 49/30/3.27DEC 49/30/3.27 JAN 45/36/3.7JAN 45/36/3.7MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27MAR 58/36/4.06 DEC 49/30/3.27DEC 49/30/3.27DEC 49/30/3.27DEC 49/30/3.27DEC 49/30/3.27SEP 80/58/4.84SEP 80/58/4.84JUN 84/62/4.45 SEP 80/58/4.84JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45 SEP 80/58/4.84JUN 84/62/4.45 SEP 80/58/4.84JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45 SEP 80/58/4.84SEP 80/58/4.84JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45 OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21OCT 69/47/4.21MAY 76/54/4.84 OCT 69/47/4.21MAY 76/54/4.84 OCT 69/47/4.21MAY 76/54/4.84MAY 76/54/4.84 OCT 69/47/4.21MAY 76/54/4.84 OCT 69/47/4.21MAY 76/54/4.84 OCT 69/47/4.21MAY 76/54/4.84

apples

tomatoes

corn

cucumbers

kale

chard butternut squashbutternut squash

spinachpeachespeaches

strawberries

asparagus

dura

tion

satu

ratio

nve

rtica

lity

density

farmers market

cooking classes and workshops

bicycle depot

outdoor concert series

ice skating plaza

SPRING

TEMPORALITY

PROGRAM

MATERIALITY

JAN FEBMAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DECSUMMER FALL WINTER

gradients

produceproduce

precipitationprecipitation

temperature

ground

canopy

shade

section of Garrett St looking north 1=32

MAY 76/54/4.84

strawberries

JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45JUN 84/62/4.45APR 69/45/3.35

peachespeaches

outdoor concert series

SPRING

MAR 58/36/4.06MAR 58/36/4.06

section of Garrett St looking north 1=32

AUG 86/64/4.13

cooking classes and workshopscooking classes and workshopscooking classes and workshops

butternut squash

vegetation

water

people

fountain wall misters + ice skatingmisters + ice skatingweekly market

screen on the greenscreen on the green workshopsworkshopsvendor vehicle spacevendor vehicle space

stagestagestagecisterncistern bike depotbike depotscreen on the greenbike depot

screen on the greenview to Monticelloview to Monticello

Seasonal gradients at the Charlottesville Market

12 | Hayes

A Smar t Gr id Sys tem fo r Wate r : Re in t roduc ing the Swamp Th ing back in to New Or leans

Foundation Studio III, Fall 2011 Professors: Jorg Sieweke + Pete OSheaTeam Project: Kate Hayes + Isaac Cohen

Naturally meandering, the Mississippi River jumps its channel every 500 - 1000 years, finding the shortest, steepest path towards the Gulf of Mexico. This studio looks at the apocalyptic scenario of the Mississippi jumping to the Atchafalaya Basin, leaving New Orleans without a freshwater supply.

Therefore, to better manage water in a zone deprived of its freshwater supply, we propose introducing a smart water grid system to New Orleans that retrofits and builds upon existing infrastructure (pumps + canals) to actively redirect water to the most needed areas of the city. It is a system that manages water effectively and expressively as a vital resource in a city that has historically struggled to keep water out.

Drawing upon the cultural connotations of Swamp and the technological workings of a smart grid system, this multi-functional and performative infrastructure acts on multiple scales from the city, to the neutral ground corridor, down to the individual lot scale. The idea is born from a post-apocalyptic scenario yet it can be implemented today.

WATER TABLE

TYPICAL STORM

1 YEAR 24 HOUR STORM

january

february

march

april

may

june

july

august

september

october

november

december

100,0

00 C

FS

200,0

00 C

FS

300,0

00 C

FS

400,0

00 C

FS

500,0

00 C

FS

600,0

00 C

FS

700,0

00 C

FS

800,0

00 C

FS

900,0

00 C

FS

1,6

00,0

00 C

FS

Atchafalaya Record low flow

Atchafalaya Record high flow

Mississippi Record high flow

Mississippi Record low flow

AtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalayaAtchafalaya and Mississippi River average flow in Cubic Feet Per Second

ANNUAL PRECIPITATION

january february march april may july august september october novemberjune december

Jumping scales: overlaying streetscape scale water strategy with the seasonal dynamics of the Mississippi River

Hayes | 13

pre-modern modern proposed

above: Mississippi River jumping its channel below: settlement + drainage patterns over time

City scale conceptual models

14 | Hayes

Phas ing t h e G r i d

A smart system for water management is flexible and can adapt to various conditions to most effectively distribute storm water based on demand. This system acts in contrast to the current, mono-functional system that simply pumps water out of the city. The addition of swamps to the system in the first phase facilitates the creation of new, dynamic public spaces in New Orleans.

In this smart system, the pump stations act as central nodes. Each pump station has anywhere from one to fifteen pumps which can be individually controlled to modulate and allocate water and flows throughout the city. By tying the largest pump station to the water treatment facility, the ultimate goal is for the 64 inches of precipitation that fall on New Orleans every year to be cleansed and repurposed to serve all freshwater needs in the city.

SWAMP THING

DRINKING USERSDRINKING

DRAINAGE

PHASE I

introduce swamps to system

SMART GRID

DRINKING USERS

DRAINAGE

PHASE II

smart grid system for water

DRAINAGE

DRINKING USERSDRINKING

EXISTING

mono-functional, single directional system

pumping stations

drainage sub-basins | polders

long lot remnants

topography

pum

p +

ener

gy

settlementresource farmland back swamp

Lake Pontchartrain

valuedresource

(river)

40 a

rpen

ts (1

92 ft

)

swamp

valuedresource(fertile land)

LONG LOT SPATIAL STRUCTURE: the optimal allocation of two scarce resources

pumping stations

drainage sub-basins | polders

long lot remnants

topography

pum

p +

ener

gy

settlementresource farmland back swamp

Lake Pontchartrain

valuedresource

(river)

40 a

rpen

ts (1

92 ft

)

swamp

valuedresource(fertile land)

LONG LOT SPATIAL STRUCTURE: the optimal allocation of two scarce resources

Phasing strategy for Swamp Thing and smart grid system

New Orleans historic arpent system

Hayes | 15

STORM WATER

STORM WATER

STORM WATER

WASTE WATER

FRESH WATER

groundground

soil moisture sensor

monitor

monitormonitor

roof water collection smart

appliances

storageseasonal

ush

PHASE IEXISTING PHASE II

smart grid water system

Inserting Swamp Thing into New Orleans repurposed smart grid network of pumps and pipes reduces the load of stormwater on the system and gradually reduces the citys dependency on the Mississippi as a source of freshwater

16 | Hayes

This smarter system necessitates a move towards collection and storage of water at the lot scale. Not only can individuals use this water collection as grey water, but it can be fed into the smart water grid as needed. This lot scale system will begin to influence consumer behavior and attitudes, reducing the reliance on municipal scale water distribution, ideally before the Mississippi River even jumps its channel.

D e s i g n ing Ac ros s S c a l e sGROUND

WAT

ER

TAXODIUM DISTICHUM

SPARTINA

SEDGES

NYSSA AQUATICA

SPANISH MOSS

TUPELO GUM

QUERCUS VIRGINIANA SAT

UR

ATED

UN

SAT

UR

ATED

BAYOU

SWAMP

FLOW

PLANTSPlant and material palette

Repurposing the citys Neutral Grounds for water collection, storage, and public space

Hayes | 17

redistribution pipesredistribution pipes

existing canaldesign interventiondesign intervention

Pump Station #1Pump Station #1Pump Station #1

ltration runnelsltration runnels

public space

swamp

proposeddrainage

infrastructureinfrastructure+ smart grid

0 50

Water and public space typologies for the Neutral Ground or canals

18 | Hayes

Sand Eng ine : Under s t anding + L i v ing Wi th Change Ove r T ime

A sand engine is an artificially created island which, through natural processes of wind and wave action along the shoreline, will erode, accrete, and eventually widen and renourish the existing beach. In this case, the sand engine is expected to reach shore in 20 - 25 years. In addition to being a less expensive alternative to typical beach nourishment practices, the sand engine provides a temporary recreational area, habitat for plants and animals, and an aesthetic experience of intentionally dynamic landforms.

This design is based on the natural, dynamic processes endemic to this coastline region and is highlighted through intentional choreographed moments of exposure to the elements and enclosure, across scales. This spatial sequence is rooted in the community of Willoughby Spit, on the neighborhood streets, moves through a sand dune ecotone, and out to the end of a pier where one is completely exposed to the elements and can watch the sand engine move and change over both the short and long term.

By amplifying a sites existing conditions, the design seeks to help both locals and visitors better understand, appreciate, live, and engage in these natural forces and flows, and more generally, in change over time.

Foundation Studio II, Spring 2011Professors: Kristina Hill + Kate John-Alder

Hayes | 19

day 0 1 mo. 2 mo. 3 mo. 4 mo.

dredging

sculpting

stabilizing

5 mo. 6 mo.

constructing

7 mo. 8 mo. 9 mo. 10 mo.

NATURAL PROCESSES

dynamic transforming

forming modulebuilding

deconstructingforming

autumnsummerspringwinter autumnsummer

springwinter

SAND CATCHER

SAND ENGINE

constructing

Conceptual cut and fill diagram of sand engine migrating towards and nourishing the beach

Rhizomal pattern of Ammophila breviligulata

Transformation and construction diagram of sand engine and sand catcher changing over time

20 | Hayes

installation

sand accumulation

additionalfences

new dune

San d Gauge

As natural buffers, dunes provide moments of enclosure in a community typically subject to extreme exposure. Planting native grasses facilitates dune formation and island stabilization. This proposed boardwalk system mimics the rhizomal characteristic of these native grasses, and can expand and contract as a modular system to create a series of outdoor rooms, or microclimates. Both American Beachgrass and this sand gauge act as palimpsests, lasting the lifeline of the island, regenerating the main shoreline for future generations, and building a strong collective memory in the community of Willoughby Spit.

Sections through modular sand fence and boardwalk

1/4 scale constructed wood and welded metal prototype

Process of dune building

Site model

Hayes | 21

Transition from path to place: exposed and enclosed, familiar and aberrant

6

22 | Hayes

This design is characterized by the seam between two fields - a forest and an asphalt parking lot - and defined by the underlying geology and exposed rock facade. I selected this site for a memorial garden due to its unique history and particularities of place at an old nuclear plant site.

In addition to providing a space for family members to visit their deceased loved ones, this design is part of a larger healing landscape. Overtime, the seam will stitch back together as the asphalt crumbles and plants grow from cracks in the rock. On a larger scale, this concept of shaping the ground through a dominant geologic seam can be repeated on other developed sites on UVAs historic Observatory Hill.

This design is a direct response to the character of the mountain and the forest. The impermeability of the bedrock is evident in the still water feature and the designed threshold zone provides a variety of temporal changes, including light, dark, sound, and microclimates.

A Memor ia l Garden on Obser va to r y H i l l

Foundation Studio, Fall 2010Professor: Nancy Takahashi

Existing site conditions at the

geologic seam

Stitching a broken landscape back together

Hayes | 23

Carving into the impermeable rock + asphalt

24 | Hayes

Winter DaphneAureomarginata

Daphne odoraThymelaeaceae

Form: 3-4 tall, 2-4 spread, shrub with thick, glossy evergreen leaves; termial inflorescences

Color + Season: reddish purple flowers with palish pink insides, blooms March to April; glossy evergreen leaves edged with warm cream; red fruits in July to August

Growing Conditions: grows best in moist, rich, sandy-humusy, well-drained soils with neutral pH, hardy to zone 7

Wildlife value + Benefits: very fragrant flowers, attracts bees + other insects

RIPARIAN VALLEY: cool stroll

PIEDMONT WOODLANDS: shady hikemesic, shade, dappled light, quiet, light texture, high ceiling

POLLINATOR NATIVE WILDFLOWER MEADOW: whistling meander

GROUNDGROUND

BUTTERFLY PERENNIAL BORDER: fragrant walk

Indian GrassSorghastrum nutans

Family

Form: 3-4 clumps

Color + Season: blue-green leaves turn yellow in fall, tan in winter

Growing Conditions: tolerates light shade, moist soil but drought tolerant once established

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts butterflies, palatable + nutritious to grazing species, provides cover for small mammals and songbirds

Big BluestemAndropogon gerardii

Poaceae

Form: 3-6 (up to 9)

Color + Season: red to copper colored flower; blooms July to August

Growing Conditions: warm season native perennial; average to moist soil; resistant to flattening by snow

Wildlife value + Benefits: provides food, nesting, + cover to lifestock and wildlife; palatable + nutritious; upland game birds + songbirds eat seeds; Skipper butterflies; erosion control

Cloud Nine Switchgrass

Poaceae

Form: 4-6, clumps

Color + Seasons: grayish green leaves turn golden yellow in fall, tan in winter

Growing Conditions: adaptable, tolerates dry to wet soil

Wildlife value + Benefits:

Bottle Brush GrassElymus hystrix

Poacea

Form: 2-5 tall, loose upright tufts, bristly flower heads, 5-9 long floral spike

Color + Seasons: greyish green to dark green leaves, flowers bloom in summer, showy brown + green flowers, flower heads persist well into autumn

Growing Conditions: moist to slightly dry conditions, loamy or rocky soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts birds; erosion control, pollution tolerant

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Cardinal FlowerLobelia cardinalis

Campanulaceae

Form: 1-6 tall, 1-2 spread, erect leafy stems, often in clusters; showy flower in 8 terminal spikes

Color + Seasons: red flower, blooms July to October; also white and rose colored forms

Growing Conditions: grows in rich, humusy, medium to wet soils, tolerates wet soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts + depends on hummingbirds for pollination, attracts butterflies, tolerates deer + rabbits

Black-eyed SusanRudbeckia hirta

Asteraceae

Form: 1-3 tall, stems of scattered oval leaves covered with bristly hairs, flowers are 2-3 wide

Color + Seasons: showy golden-yellow ray flowers with a brown central core, looms June to October

Growing Conditions: moist to dry, well-drained soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds eat seeds, nectar bees, butterflies, insects, larval host, high deer resistance

Double QueenHellebornus odorus

Ranunculaceae

Form: 14-22 tall, bold foliage, clumps

Color + Season: green flowers, early flowering in late winter early spring, young leaves slightly tinted copper or red-brown, deciduous, will bloom when temperature is below freezing

Growing Conditions: best in humus rich soils, medium moisture, well-drained soils, will tolerate full sun

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant

Eastern RedbudCercis canadensis

Fabaceae

Form: 20-30 tall; 25-35 spread, spreading, flat-topped to rounded crown; branches down to ground

Color + Season: bloom pink in April; yellow in fall

Growing Conditions: rich, well-drained soil in partial sun to partial shade for long-term optimum performance; relatively soil tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: Eastern redbud seeds or pods are eaten by quail, pheasants, other birds (goldfinch), and deer; butterfly larvae host

SnowdropsGalanthus elwesii

Amaryllidaceae

Form: 6-12 tall, 3-6 spread, best form in masses of sweeping drifts

Color + Season: white flowers bloom February to March

Growing Conditions: prefers moist, humusy soils, grows well under deciduous trees, prefer cool climates

Wildlife value + Benefits:

Fall PhloxPhlox paniculata

Polemoniaceae

Form: 3-4 tall, erect stem, showy clump former, 4-8 wide terminal pyramidal cluster of flowers

Color + Season: blooms June to October, pink to purple flower, seasonal interest until first frost

Growing Conditions: grows best in moist, loamy soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant flowers, attracts butterflies + hummingbirds

Scarlet Bee-BalmMonarda didyma

Lamiaceae

Form: 2-4 tall, dense, rounded terminal, head-like cluster of tubular flowers

Color + Season: scarlet red flowers, blooms May to late summer dark green leaves

Growing Conditions: grows best in rich, moist acidic soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts hummingbirds, butterflies + bees, fragrant, old medicinal use

Blazing StarLiatris spicata

Asteraceae

Form: 2-4 tall, erect, slender, linear grass-like leaves clumped towards base of plant, showy flower cluster, feathery appearance

Color + Season: tall spike of rose-purple flowers arranged in a long, dense spike blooming from top down, blooms July to September

Growing Conditions: grows best on moist, average soils; tolerates clay soil + drought

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts birds, butterflies, hummingbirds

Tall CoreopsisCoreopsis tripteris

Asteraceae

Form: 2-8 tall, 2-8 spread, slender erect stems

Color + Season: brown disks with yellow rays flowers, blooms July to September

Growing Conditions: grows in dry to medium moisture, well-drained soils, prefers poor, sandy or rocky soils with good drainage

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts butterflies, tolerant of heat, humidity + drought, fragrant leaves

Form: 6-20 tall, 8-10 spread, multi-stemmed, large shrub or small tree loosely branched, upright oval outline in youth to rounded + spreading with age

Color + Season: yellow to yellow orange fall foliage, showy; yellow flowers with redding base, bloom late January to March

Growing Conditions: moist fertile acidic soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: very fragrant, provides seeds for birds, rabbits + deer

Winter FlameCornus sanguinea

Cornaceae

Form: 8-10 tall and spread, multi-stemmed, suckering deciduous shrub

Color + Season: golden yellow stems tipped in pink or dark red in winter, green leaves turn golden yellow in fall, late spring bloom with small clusters of white flowers, dark purple drupes

Growing Conditions: tolerant of wide range of soils but prefers consistently moist, well-drained soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: dark drupes attractive to birds, attracts butterflies, tolerates deer, erosion control, hedge

NannyberryVibernum lentago

Caprifoliaceae

Form: 10-14 tall, 8-12 wide, multistemmed shrub or small tree, irregular to rounded, medium texture, arching branches, suckers readily

Color + Season:

Growing Conditions: tolerant of moist + dry soils; some sand to some clay soils, very adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: fruit attracts birds + other wildlife, easily transplanted + established, fragrant

BoxwoodBuxus sempervirens

Poaceae

Form: 15-20 tall with equal spread, dense, multi-branched evergreen shrub, rounded or gumdrop form, architectural, foliage to the ground, medium to fine texture

Color + Season: evergreen, dark green above, lighter yellow green below leaves, fragrant flowers bloom April to May

Growing Conditions: requires moisture, prefers limestone soils with pH of 6 or greater

Wildlife value + Benefits: great for bees, attracts wildlife to feed + nest, foliage gives off a distinct fragrance, good for hedges + mass plantings

Manhattan Blue Juniper

Juniperus virginianaCupressaceae

Form: up to 12-16 tall, 6-7 spread, evergreen tree, medium texture, compact + dense growth, conical shape in youth, opens with age

Color + Season: blue-green needles with purplish cast in winter, waxy blue berry-like cones, reddish brown bark shreds in long strips

Growing Conditions: tolerant of most conditions but prefers slighty acidic, well-drained soils, pH adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: many birds + small mammals eat berry-like cones

Smooth SumacRhus glabra

Anacardiaceae

Form: 10-20 shrub with short, crooked, leaning trunks and picturesque branches, suckering

Color + Season: leaves colorful in fall; yellow-green flowers followed by bright-red, hairy berries in erect, pyramidal clusters, persist through winter

Growing Conditions: most dry soils, drought tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds, insects, and mammals consume fruits + leaves, because drupes persist through fall and winter months, a ready food source

Panicle HydrangeaHydrangea paniculata

Hydrangeaceae

Form: 10-20 tall and spread, deciduous large shrub or small tree, fountain-like branching, course texture

Color + Season: high quality foliage, dark green leaves, white flowers maturing to pink, blooms July into September, panicle up to 8 long and 6 wide, flower color changes with soil type

Growing Conditions: requires moist, organic, fertile soil, salt tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: strong scented flowers

ServiceberryAmelanchier arborea

Rosaceae

Form: 15-20 tall, deciduous small tree or large shrub, multi-stemmed, rounded crown, medium texture

Color + Season: yellow-orange to red fall color, colors early and leaves fall early; white flowers in pendulous racemes bloom early spring + short-lived, red fruit ripens in June; striped smooth, ornamental bark

Growing Conditions: prefers moist, well-drained, acidic soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: fruit a favorite of birds, butterflies, larval host, tolerant of pollution

SycamorePlatanus occidentalis

Platanaceae

Form: 75-100 tall and spread, wide spreading open crown with twisted branches, massive trunk

Color + Season: white flaking bark provides great winter interest

Growing Conditions: does best in moist, well-drained soils, tolerates extended flooding, drought + salt tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: no significant value for wildlife

Hop HornbeamOstrya virginian

Platanaceae

Form: 25-50 tall, 20-35 spread, upright and spreading branching

Color + Season: red-brown flowers bloom in May; green to tan nutlet fruit clusters from June to October; yellow fall color; leaves may persist into winter; attractive bark has vertical exfoliating strips

Growing Conditions: best in slightly acidic soils that is moist, cool + ertile, can tolerate dry gravelly soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: buds + catkins important winter food for birds and small mammals

Giant Pussy WillowSalix Chaenomeloides

Salicaceae

Form: 6-12 tall shrub of upright stems Color + Season: winter interest with reddish brown winter bud scales + puffs of velvety gray pussies; blooms late winter early spring, white and yellow flowers; pink catkins; blue-green leaves

Growing Conditions: well-drained, acidic soils, tolerates wet sites

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts hummingbirds

Winterberry Holly Ilex verticillata

Aquifoliaceae

Form: 6-10 tall, deciduous, multi-stemmed upright + spreading shrub, oval to rounded form, suckers and forms large clumps

Color + Season: brilliant red fruit (on female plant) from late summer well into winter

Growing Conditions: prefers moist + acidic soils, tolerant of poorly-drained soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds eat fruit

River BirchBetula nigra

Betuleacae

Form: 50-70 tall, 35-50 spread, medium sized tree, oval or pyramidal when young to rounded or irregular crown, medium texture, can grow as multi-stemmed plant

Color + Season: yellow fall color; creamy orange showy bark

Growing Conditions: grows best on moist river bottom soil, adaptable to drier sites, easily transplanted

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds eat seeds, nesting sites for waterfowl, food + cover for many animals

Virginia Mountain Mint

Pycnanthemum virginianum

Lamiaceae

Form: 2-3 tall, strout, multibranched toward top, flowers in dense clusters

Color + Seasons: tiny, white, mint-like flowers, often spotted with purple

Growing Conditions: grows best on moist, calcareous soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant, attracts butterflies

Autumn FernDryopteris erythrosora

Dryopteridaceae

Form: 1.5-2.5 tall and spread, arching fronds, behaves like groundcover due to its spreading habit

Color + Season: evergreen, new fronts in shades of orange-red to copper-pink before maturing to glossy deep green

Growing Conditions: prefers consistently moist, humusy soils rich in organic matter, spread by creeping rhizomes

Wildlife value + Benefits:

Christmas FernPolystichum

acrostichoidesDryopteridaceae

Form: assymetrical clumping fern, 2-3 long fronds, robust leathery fern

Color + Season: glossy, green fronds, evergreen

Growing Conditions: prefers cool, moist, well-drained soils but can grow on range of soil types including raw mineral soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: early successional, erosion control

Swamp MilkweedAsclepias incarnata

Apocynaceae

Form: 4-5 tall, 2-3 spread, erect + clump forming, clustered flowers

Color + Season: small pink to mauve flowers bloom July to August, attractive seed pods 4 long

Growing Conditions: prefers medium to wet soils, tolerant of less well-drained soils, deep taproots

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant flowers attract butterflies as nectar source, larval host for Monarch butterflies

MusclewoodCarpinus caroliniana

Betulaceae

Form: 20-30 tall and spread, multi-stemmed shrub or single-stemmed tree, medium texture, wide spreading

Color + Seasons: yellow, orange + red fall color, brown nutlets in early fall, smooth gray bark with vertical ridges

Growing Conditions: deep, fertile, slightly acidic soils, tolerates periodic flooding, fairly adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: of secondary value to wildlife

Hosta Aureomarginata

Frances WilliamsHosta sieboldiana

Form: 1.5-2 tall, 4-5 spread, clump forming perennial with thick, puckered, cupped, wide-oval to rounded leaves, distinctive veining

Color + Season: blue-green variagated leaves edged with wide yellow stripe, lilly-like lavender flowers bloom June to July on 30 tall stems.

Growing Conditions: best in moist, well-drained soils, tolerant on wide range of soil types

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts hummingbirds, deer love, easily divided

Form: 2-4 fall, loose tuft of leafy culms

Color + Seasons: green, flowers May to July

Growing Conditions: wet to moist conditions; clay, loam, peat or sand soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: many insects thrive on this species; ducks, rails + wetland birds feed on seeds or spikelets tolerates seasonal flooding

Fringed SedgeCarex crinita

Cyperaceae

Great Blue LobeliaLobelia siphilitica

Campanulaceae

Form: 2-3 tall, erect

Color + Season: lavendar-blue tubular flowers crowded together on upper stem, blooms August to October for long period

Growing Conditions: requires moist conditions

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts birds, hummingbirds, butterflies, insects

Red MapleAutumn Flame

Acer rubrumAceraceae

Form: 45-50 tall, 35-50 spread; rounded to oval crown; fine texture

Color + Season: Deep red flowers appear in early to mid-April; scarlet red fall color (early)

Growing Conditions: tolerates air pollution, tolerates wide range of soils and moisture, often growing on extreme sites

Wildlife value + Benefits: flowers are one of the earliest nectar sources for native bees and butterflies; insects in turn attract insect-eating birds such as kinglets, phoebes, pine warblers and others

Star Magnolia Royal Star

Magnolia stellataMagnoliaceae

Form: up to 10 tall, small tree or large shrub, multi-stemmed, upright + spreading branching, rounded or oval shape, dense-compace, twiggy nature

Color + Season: medium to dark green leaves emerge with a bronze cast; white to pink-tinged flowers; reddish-green, knobby aggregate fruit opens in fall, orange red seeds, ornamental bark

Growing Conditions: grows best in moist, organic, fertile soil, relatively adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant blossoms, provide shelter + food for many birds + mammals

Witchhazel Hybrid Primavera

Hamamelis x intermediaHamamelidaceae

Yellow VioletViola pubescens

Violaceae

Form: 4-16 tall, leafy stems + sturdy green foliage, hairy nature

Color + Season: bright yellow flower veined with purple, looms April to June

Growing Conditions: moist to dry woods + swamps

Wildlife value + Benefits: songbirds + small mammals

Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis

Ranunculaceae

Form: up to 2 tall, drooping bell-like flowers, attractive round-lobed leaves

Color + Season: a nodding, red + yellow flower, blooms February to July, semi-evergreen, green to blue-green leaf

Growing Conditions: grows best in sandy, well-drained soils, limestone based soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: flowers attract long-tongued insects + hummingbirds, finches + buntings eat seeds (Native Americans used crushed seeds to attract amorous attention)

PurpletopTridens Flavus

Poacea

Form: 2-6 tall, clumps, drooping branches bearing widely spaced reddish-purple spikelets

Color + Seasons: blooms purple from August - November; brown otherwise

Growing Conditions: adaptable to range of soil conditions but refers well-drained soils and full sun

Wildlife value + Benefits: grazing + nesting material, attracts butterflies + caterpillers of cross-line skipper, broad-winged skipper, little glassywing skipper, large wood nymph; a colonizing perennial; fast growth rate

Smooth Blue AsterAster laevis

Asteraceae

S F W S

Form: 1-4 tall, 12-18 spread, large pyramidal heads of flower clusters on strong stems

Color + Seasons: blue-violet flower, blooms August to October, an early blooming aster; deep blue-green foliage

Growing Conditions: adaptable to variety of soil types and moisture levels

Wildlife value + Benefits: palatable to whitetailed deer, high nutritional value, attracts butterflies, pollinators, and can provide shelter.

S F W S

Sideoats GramBouteloua curtipendula

Poacea

Form: 2-3 tall, erect, wiry clumps; bunchy or sod-forming grass

Color + Seasons: warm season grass, blue-green foliage, unique purple flowers, blooms July to September

Growing Conditions: can grow on wide range of soil types,

Wildlife value + Benefits: foraging food for livestock; erosion control; extremely drought + cold tolerant

Shenandoah Switchgrass

Panicum virgatumPoacea

Form: 4-6, clumps

Color + Seasons: grayish green leaves turn intense red in fall, color deepens through season

Growing Conditions: adaptable, tolerates dry to wet soil + salt air

Wildlife value + Benefits:

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Spring 2012Professors: Julie Bargmann + Cole Burrell

P lan ted Form + Func t ion: Dr i f t ing Ecotones Nur se r y

Drifting Ecotones Nursery captures the diversity of Virginias native ecosystems by using its nursery stock to create and express the ecotones between four different ecologies. In the drifting ecotones, ecologies are in tension but a productive environment arises from this tension. From the push and pull between the permanent display gardens and temporary stock and the ebb and flow of plant availability through the seasons, the stock acts as a zipper between two ecosystems. The nursery essentially stocks the seeds of these ecosystems in the space set by the ecotones of stock.

The design is also about experiencing the transition through and across ecotones and ecologies. Plants are selected based on their wildlife value, juxtaposing and layering properties, and visual contrasts throughout the year. Ornamental grasses change the scale of the site in the summer, and bouquets of dried perennials, golden grasses, and evergreens dominate in the winter.

Winter DaphneAureomarginata

Daphne odoraThymelaeaceae

S F W S

Form: 3-4 tall, 2-4 spread, shrub with thick, glossy evergreen leaves; termial inflorescences

Color + Season: reddish purple flowers with palish pink insides, blooms March to April; glossy evergreen leaves edged with warm cream; red fruits in July to August

Growing Conditions: grows best in moist, rich, sandy-humusy, well-drained soils with neutral pH, hardy to zone 7

Wildlife value + Benefits: very fragrant flowers, attracts bees + other insects

RIPARIAN VALLEY: cool stroll

PIEDMONT WOODLANDS: shady hikemesic, shade, dappled light, quiet, light texture, high ceiling

mesic to moist, light sun to shade, terracing, reflecting, cool, quiet

POLLINATOR NATIVE WILDFLOWER MEADOW: whistling meandermesic, sun, color, moving, textured, horizontal layers, ephemeral, tolerant, exposed

GROUNDGROUND

GROUNDGROUND

GROUND

SHRUB

SUB-CANOPY

CANOPY

GROUNDGROUND

mesic, texture, color, sun, horizontal + vertical layers, unexpected turns, enclosed + exposed

BUTTERFLY PERENNIAL BORDER: fragrant walk

SHRUB

SUB-CANOPY

Indian GrassSorghastrum nutans

Family

S F W S

Form: 3-4 clumps

Color + Season: blue-green leaves turn yellow in fall, tan in winter

Growing Conditions: tolerates light shade, moist soil but drought tolerant once established

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts butterflies, palatable + nutritious to grazing species, provides cover for small mammals and songbirds

S F W S

Big BluestemAndropogon gerardii

Poaceae

S F W S

Form: 3-6 (up to 9)

Color + Season: red to copper colored flower; blooms July to August

Growing Conditions: warm season native perennial; average to moist soil; resistant to flattening by snow

Wildlife value + Benefits: provides food, nesting, + cover to lifestock and wildlife; palatable + nutritious; upland game birds + songbirds eat seeds; Skipper butterflies; erosion control

S F W S

Cloud Nine Switchgrass

Poaceae

S F W S

Form: 4-6, clumps

Color + Seasons: grayish green leaves turn golden yellow in fall, tan in winter

Growing Conditions: adaptable, tolerates dry to wet soil

Wildlife value + Benefits:S F W S

Bottle Brush GrassElymus hystrix

Poacea

S F W S

Form: 2-5 tall, loose upright tufts, bristly flower heads, 5-9 long floral spike

Color + Seasons: greyish green to dark green leaves, flowers bloom in summer, showy brown + green flowers, flower heads persist well into autumn

Growing Conditions: moist to slightly dry conditions, loamy or rocky soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts birds; erosion control, pollution tolerant

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Cardinal FlowerLobelia cardinalis

Campanulaceae

S F W S

Form: 1-6 tall, 1-2 spread, erect leafy stems, often in clusters; showy flower in 8 terminal spikes

Color + Seasons: red flower, blooms July to October; also white and rose colored forms

Growing Conditions: grows in rich, humusy, medium to wet soils, tolerates wet soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts + depends on hummingbirds for pollination, attracts butterflies, tolerates deer + rabbits

S F W S

Black-eyed SusanRudbeckia hirta

Asteraceae

S F W S

Form: 1-3 tall, stems of scattered oval leaves covered with bristly hairs, flowers are 2-3 wide

Color + Seasons: showy golden-yellow ray flowers with a brown central core, looms June to October

Growing Conditions: moist to dry, well-drained soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds eat seeds, nectar bees, butterflies, insects, larval host, high deer resistance

S F W S

Double QueenHellebornus odorus

Ranunculaceae

S F W S

Form: 14-22 tall, bold foliage, clumps

Color + Season: green flowers, early flowering in late winter early spring, young leaves slightly tinted copper or red-brown, deciduous, will bloom when temperature is below freezing

Growing Conditions: best in humus rich soils, medium moisture, well-drained soils, will tolerate full sun

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant

S F W S

Eastern RedbudCercis canadensis

Fabaceae

S F W S

Form: 20-30 tall; 25-35 spread, spreading, flat-topped to rounded crown; branches down to ground

Color + Season: bloom pink in April; yellow in fall

Growing Conditions: rich, well-drained soil in partial sun to partial shade for long-term optimum performance; relatively soil tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: Eastern redbud seeds or pods are eaten by quail, pheasants, other birds (goldfinch), and deer; butterfly larvae host

S F W S

SnowdropsGalanthus elwesii

Amaryllidaceae

S F W S

Form: 6-12 tall, 3-6 spread, best form in masses of sweeping drifts

Color + Season: white flowers bloom February to March

Growing Conditions: prefers moist, humusy soils, grows well under deciduous trees, prefer cool climates

Wildlife value + Benefits:

S F W S

Fall PhloxPhlox paniculata

Polemoniaceae

S F W S

Form: 3-4 tall, erect stem, showy clump former, 4-8 wide terminal pyramidal cluster of flowers

Color + Season: blooms June to October, pink to purple flower, seasonal interest until first frost

Growing Conditions: grows best in moist, loamy soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant flowers, attracts butterflies + hummingbirds

S F W S

Scarlet Bee-BalmMonarda didyma

Lamiaceae

S F W S

Form: 2-4 tall, dense, rounded terminal, head-like cluster of tubular flowers

Color + Season: scarlet red flowers, blooms May to late summer dark green leaves

Growing Conditions: grows best in rich, moist acidic soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts hummingbirds, butterflies + bees, fragrant, old medicinal use

S F W S

Blazing StarLiatris spicata

Asteraceae

S F W S

Form: 2-4 tall, erect, slender, linear grass-like leaves clumped towards base of plant, showy flower cluster, feathery appearance

Color + Season: tall spike of rose-purple flowers arranged in a long, dense spike blooming from top down, blooms July to September

Growing Conditions: grows best on moist, average soils; tolerates clay soil + drought

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts birds, butterflies, hummingbirds

S F W S

Tall CoreopsisCoreopsis tripteris

Asteraceae

S F W S

Form: 2-8 tall, 2-8 spread, slender erect stems

Color + Season: brown disks with yellow rays flowers, blooms July to September

Growing Conditions: grows in dry to medium moisture, well-drained soils, prefers poor, sandy or rocky soils with good drainage

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts butterflies, tolerant of heat, humidity + drought, fragrant leaves

S F W S

Form: 6-20 tall, 8-10 spread, multi-stemmed, large shrub or small tree loosely branched, upright oval outline in youth to rounded + spreading with age

Color + Season: yellow to yellow orange fall foliage, showy; yellow flowers with redding base, bloom late January to March

Growing Conditions: moist fertile acidic soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: very fragrant, provides seeds for birds, rabbits + deer

Winter FlameCornus sanguinea

Cornaceae

S F W S

Form: 8-10 tall and spread, multi-stemmed, suckering deciduous shrub

Color + Season: golden yellow stems tipped in pink or dark red in winter, green leaves turn golden yellow in fall, late spring bloom with small clusters of white flowers, dark purple drupes

Growing Conditions: tolerant of wide range of soils but prefers consistently moist, well-drained soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: dark drupes attractive to birds, attracts butterflies, tolerates deer, erosion control, hedge

S F W S

NannyberryVibernum lentago

Caprifoliaceae

S F W S

Form: 10-14 tall, 8-12 wide, multistemmed shrub or small tree, irregular to rounded, medium texture, arching branches, suckers readily

Color + Season:

Growing Conditions: tolerant of moist + dry soils; some sand to some clay soils, very adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: fruit attracts birds + other wildlife, easily transplanted + established, fragrant

S F W S

BoxwoodBuxus sempervirens

Poaceae

S F W S

Form: 15-20 tall with equal spread, dense, multi-branched evergreen shrub, rounded or gumdrop form, architectural, foliage to the ground, medium to fine texture

Color + Season: evergreen, dark green above, lighter yellow green below leaves, fragrant flowers bloom April to May

Growing Conditions: requires moisture, prefers limestone soils with pH of 6 or greater

Wildlife value + Benefits: great for bees, attracts wildlife to feed + nest, foliage gives off a distinct fragrance, good for hedges + mass plantings

Manhattan Blue Juniper

Juniperus virginianaCupressaceae

S F W S

Form: up to 12-16 tall, 6-7 spread, evergreen tree, medium texture, compact + dense growth, conical shape in youth, opens with age

Color + Season: blue-green needles with purplish cast in winter, waxy blue berry-like cones, reddish brown bark shreds in long strips

Growing Conditions: tolerant of most conditions but prefers slighty acidic, well-drained soils, pH adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: many birds + small mammals eat berry-like cones

Smooth SumacRhus glabra

Anacardiaceae

S F W S

Form: 10-20 shrub with short, crooked, leaning trunks and picturesque branches, suckering

Color + Season: leaves colorful in fall; yellow-green flowers followed by bright-red, hairy berries in erect, pyramidal clusters, persist through winter

Growing Conditions: most dry soils, drought tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds, insects, and mammals consume fruits + leaves, because drupes persist through fall and winter months, a ready food source

Panicle HydrangeaHydrangea paniculata

Hydrangeaceae

S F W S

Form: 10-20 tall and spread, deciduous large shrub or small tree, fountain-like branching, course texture

Color + Season: high quality foliage, dark green leaves, white flowers maturing to pink, blooms July into September, panicle up to 8 long and 6 wide, flower color changes with soil type

Growing Conditions: requires moist, organic, fertile soil, salt tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: strong scented flowers

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pollinatorsbirds

insects

attracts + feeds...

pollinatorsbirds

insects

attracts + feeds...

acts as...

larval hostnesting site

provides...

colortextureshelter

provides...

colortexture

foodshelter

noted for...

texturefeel

provides...

fragrancehedge

attracts...

butterfliessongbirdssmall mammals

larvanoted for...

colorful fruitevergreens

showy bark

noted for...

ground coverevergreens

winter interest

tolerates...

deerpollution

droughterosion

ServiceberryAmelanchier arborea

Rosaceae

S F W S

Form: 15-20 tall, deciduous small tree or large shrub, multi-stemmed, rounded crown, medium texture

Color + Season: yellow-orange to red fall color, colors early and leaves fall early; white flowers in pendulous racemes bloom early spring + short-lived, red fruit ripens in June; striped smooth, ornamental bark

Growing Conditions: prefers moist, well-drained, acidic soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: fruit a favorite of birds, butterflies, larval host, tolerant of pollution

SycamorePlatanus occidentalis

Platanaceae

S F W S

Form: 75-100 tall and spread, wide spreading open crown with twisted branches, massive trunk

Color + Season: white flaking bark provides great winter interest

Growing Conditions: does best in moist, well-drained soils, tolerates extended flooding, drought + salt tolerant

Wildlife value + Benefits: no significant value for wildlife

Hop HornbeamOstrya virginian

Platanaceae

S F W S

Form: 25-50 tall, 20-35 spread, upright and spreading branching

Color + Season: red-brown flowers bloom in May; green to tan nutlet fruit clusters from June to October; yellow fall color; leaves may persist into winter; attractive bark has vertical exfoliating strips

Growing Conditions: best in slightly acidic soils that is moist, cool + ertile, can tolerate dry gravelly soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: buds + catkins important winter food for birds and small mammals

Giant Pussy WillowSalix Chaenomeloides

Salicaceae

S F W S

Form: 6-12 tall shrub of upright stems Color + Season: winter interest with reddish brown winter bud scales + puffs of velvety gray pussies; blooms late winter early spring, white and yellow flowers; pink catkins; blue-green leaves

Growing Conditions: well-drained, acidic soils, tolerates wet sites

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts hummingbirds

Winterberry Holly Ilex verticillata

Aquifoliaceae

S F W S

Form: 6-10 tall, deciduous, multi-stemmed upright + spreading shrub, oval to rounded form, suckers and forms large clumps

Color + Season: brilliant red fruit (on female plant) from late summer well into winter

Growing Conditions: prefers moist + acidic soils, tolerant of poorly-drained soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds eat fruit

River BirchBetula nigra

Betuleacae

S F W S

Form: 50-70 tall, 35-50 spread, medium sized tree, oval or pyramidal when young to rounded or irregular crown, medium texture, can grow as multi-stemmed plant

Color + Season: yellow fall color; creamy orange showy bark

Growing Conditions: grows best on moist river bottom soil, adaptable to drier sites, easily transplanted

Wildlife value + Benefits: birds eat seeds, nesting sites for waterfowl, food + cover for many animals

Virginia Mountain Mint

Pycnanthemum virginianum

Lamiaceae

S F W S

Form: 2-3 tall, strout, multibranched toward top, flowers in dense clusters

Color + Seasons: tiny, white, mint-like flowers, often spotted with purple

Growing Conditions: grows best on moist, calcareous soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant, attracts butterfliesS F W S

Autumn FernDryopteris erythrosora

Dryopteridaceae

S F W S

Form: 1.5-2.5 tall and spread, arching fronds, behaves like groundcover due to its spreading habit

Color + Season: evergreen, new fronts in shades of orange-red to copper-pink before maturing to glossy deep green

Growing Conditions: prefers consistently moist, humusy soils rich in organic matter, spread by creeping rhizomes

Wildlife value + Benefits:

Christmas FernPolystichum

acrostichoidesDryopteridaceae

S F W S

Form: assymetrical clumping fern, 2-3 long fronds, robust leathery fern

Color + Season: glossy, green fronds, evergreen

Growing Conditions: prefers cool, moist, well-drained soils but can grow on range of soil types including raw mineral soil

Wildlife value + Benefits: early successional, erosion control

Swamp MilkweedAsclepias incarnata

Apocynaceae

S F W S

Form: 4-5 tall, 2-3 spread, erect + clump forming, clustered flowers

Color + Season: small pink to mauve flowers bloom July to August, attractive seed pods 4 long

Growing Conditions: prefers medium to wet soils, tolerant of less well-drained soils, deep taproots

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant flowers attract butterflies as nectar source, larval host for Monarch butterflies

S F W S

MusclewoodCarpinus caroliniana

Betulaceae

S F W S

Form: 20-30 tall and spread, multi-stemmed shrub or single-stemmed tree, medium texture, wide spreading

Color + Seasons: yellow, orange + red fall color, brown nutlets in early fall, smooth gray bark with vertical ridges

Growing Conditions: deep, fertile, slightly acidic soils, tolerates periodic flooding, fairly adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: of secondary value to wildlife

Hosta Aureomarginata

Frances WilliamsHosta sieboldiana

S F W S

Form: 1.5-2 tall, 4-5 spread, clump forming perennial with thick, puckered, cupped, wide-oval to rounded leaves, distinctive veining

Color + Season: blue-green variagated leaves edged with wide yellow stripe, lilly-like lavender flowers bloom June to July on 30 tall stems.

Growing Conditions: best in moist, well-drained soils, tolerant on wide range of soil types

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts hummingbirds, deer love, easily divided

Form: 2-4 fall, loose tuft of leafy culms

Color + Seasons: green, flowers May to July

Growing Conditions: wet to moist conditions; clay, loam, peat or sand soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: many insects thrive on this species; ducks, rails + wetland birds feed on seeds or spikelets tolerates seasonal flooding

Fringed SedgeCarex crinita

Cyperaceae

S F W SS F W S

Great Blue LobeliaLobelia siphilitica

Campanulaceae

S F W S

Form: 2-3 tall, erect

Color + Season: lavendar-blue tubular flowers crowded together on upper stem, blooms August to October for long period

Growing Conditions: requires moist conditions

Wildlife value + Benefits: attracts birds, hummingbirds, butterflies, insects

S F W S

Red MapleAutumn Flame

Acer rubrumAceraceae

S F W S

Form: 45-50 tall, 35-50 spread; rounded to oval crown; fine texture

Color + Season: Deep red flowers appear in early to mid-April; scarlet red fall color (early)

Growing Conditions: tolerates air pollution, tolerates wide range of soils and moisture, often growing on extreme sites

Wildlife value + Benefits: flowers are one of the earliest nectar sources for native bees and butterflies; insects in turn attract insect-eating birds such as kinglets, phoebes, pine warblers and others

S F W S

Star Magnolia Royal Star

Magnolia stellataMagnoliaceae

S F W S

Form: up to 10 tall, small tree or large shrub, multi-stemmed, upright + spreading branching, rounded or oval shape, dense-compace, twiggy nature

Color + Season: medium to dark green leaves emerge with a bronze cast; white to pink-tinged flowers; reddish-green, knobby aggregate fruit opens in fall, orange red seeds, ornamental bark

Growing Conditions: grows best in moist, organic, fertile soil, relatively adaptable

Wildlife value + Benefits: fragrant blossoms, provide shelter + food for many birds + mammals

S F W SS F W S

Magnoliaceae

S F W S

Cupressaceae

S F W S

S F W S

Witchhazel Hybrid Primavera

Hamamelis x intermediaHamamelidaceae

S F W SS F W S

Yellow VioletViola pubescens

Violaceae

S F W S

Form: 4-16 tall, leafy stems + sturdy green foliage, hairy nature

Color + Season: bright yellow flower veined with purple, looms April to June

Growing Conditions: moist to dry woods + swamps

Wildlife value + Benefits: songbirds + small mammals

S F W S

Wild Columbine Aquilegia canadensis

Ranunculaceae

S F W S

Form: up to 2 tall, drooping bell-like flowers, attractive round-lobed leaves

Color + Season: a nodding, red + yellow flower, blooms February to July, semi-evergreen, green to blue-green leaf

Growing Conditions: grows best in sandy, well-drained soils, limestone based soils

Wildlife value + Benefits: flowers attract long-tongued insects + hummingbirds, finches + buntings eat seeds (Native Americans used crushed seeds to attract amorous attention)

S F W S

PurpletopTridens Flavus

Poacea

S F W S

Form: 2-6 tall, clumps, drooping branches bearing widely spaced reddish-purple spikelets

Color + Seasons: blooms purple from August - November; brown otherwise

Growing Conditions: adaptable to range of soil conditions but refers well-drained soils and full sun

Wildlife value + Benefits: grazing + nesting material, attracts butterflies + caterpillers of cross-line skipper, broad-winged skipper, little glassywing skipper, large wood nymph; a colonizing perennial; fast growth rate

S F W S

Smooth Blue AsterAster laevis

Asteraceae

S F W S

Form: 1-4 tall, 12-18 spread, large pyramidal heads of flower clusters on strong stems

Color + Seasons: blue-violet flower, blooms August to October, an early blooming aster; deep blue-green foliage

Growing Conditions: adaptable to variety of soil types and moisture levels

Wildlife value + Benefits: palatable to whitetailed deer, high nutritional value, attracts butterflies, pollinators, and can provide shelter.

S F W S

Sideoats GramBouteloua curtipendula

Poacea

S F W S

Form: 2-3 tall, erect, wiry clumps; bunchy or sod-forming grass

Color + Seasons: warm season grass, blue-green foliage, unique purple flowers, blooms July to September

Growing Conditions: can grow on wide range of soil types,

Wildlife value + Benefits: foraging food for livestock; erosion control; extremely drought + cold tolerant

S F W S

Shenandoah Switchgrass

Panicum virgatumPoacea

S F W S

Form: 4-6, clumps

Color + Seasons: grayish green leaves turn intense red in fall, color deepens through season

Growing Conditions: adaptable, tolerates dry to wet soil + salt air

Wildlife value + Benefits:

SUMMERSUMMER AUTUMN WINTER SPRING

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KATE HAYES | PLANTED FORM + FUNCTION | SPRING 2012

0 4 8

DRIFTING ECOTONESKATE HAYES | PLANTED FORM + FUNCTION | SPRING 2012

POLLINATOR MEADOW

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PERENNIAL BORDER RIPARIAN VALLEY PIEDMONT WOODLAND

Betula nigra Heritage

Juniperus virginiana Manhattan BlueAndropogon gerardii

Schizachyrium scoparium

Sorghastrum nutans

Panicum virgatum Cloud Nine

Panicum virgatum Shenandoah

Tridens flavus

Elymus hystrix

Aster laevis Bluebird

Rudbeckia hirta

Magnolia stellata Royal Star

Cornus sanguinea Midwinter Fire

Vibernum lentago Pink Beauty

Buxus sempervirens Green Velvet

Hamamelis x intermedia Primavera

Hydrangea paniculata Grandiflora

Rhus glabra

Liatris spicata

Phlox paniculata Fall Phlox

Aquilegia canadensis

Daphne odora Aureomarginata

Coreopsis tripteris Lightening Flash

Acer rubrum Autumn Flame

Ostrya virginiana

Cercis canadensis, Rebud

Helleborus odorus Double Queen

Hosta sieboldiana Frances Williams

Polystichum acrostichoides

Dryopteris erythrosora

Galanthus elwesii

Amelanchier arbora

Salix chaenomeloides

Carpinus caroliniana

Ilex verticillata

Carex crinita

Viola pubescens

Pycanthemum virginianum

Lobelia cardinalis

Monarda didyma Fireball

Lobelia siphilita

Asclepias incarnata

Platanus occidentalis,

0 4 8

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Shifting nursery stock

Overall site plan

Early design development plan

26 | Hayes

Fagus grandifolia Amelanchier arborea Rhus typhinia

Hayes | 27

SKILLS

Si te Read ing

D iag r amming

Geog raph ic In fo rmat ion Sys tem (GIS)

CAD + De ta i l Des ign

Ar t i s t Book

C o l labora t ion

28 | Hayes

Process is integral to design, and these investigations are examples of initial site explorations into the greater area of Observatory Hill, Charlottesville. The installation suggests movement, the breaking down of barriers, the changing ground surface, and the creation of new space. The model explores notions of the ground: two fields combining at a seam with a structural, underlying geology. And the collage is a study of the speed, tempo, and rhythm of human movement and space around Observatory Hill.

Skills: modeling, Photoshop digital collage, installation

S i te Read ing :

Cardboard, clay, mesh site model

Speed, tempo, and rhythm of

movement and space

100 sinuous path raked through the

woods

In s t a l l a t i on , C o l l a ge , Mo de l

Hayes | 29

Skills: on-site drawing, perspective drawing, drafting

S i te Read ing : Ra in Ga rden Spa t i a l S e quen ce

30 | Hayes

D iag ramming :

Skills: conceptual model making, diagramming by handModel: one-week team project; Diagrams: individual work

Th e Ac ademic a l V i l l a ge

Hayes | 31

0 1.5 30.75 Miles

kkkkkkkkk

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kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

Kate Hayes | SARC 5555

Data Source: http://data.dc.gov and DC Water

0 1.5 30.75 Miles 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

0 1.5 30.75 Miles 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

kkkkkkkk

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Total Population African American

LEGEND:LEGEND:

Contamination Source PointsContamination Source Points

Combined Sewer System Watersheds

25 - 650

water discharge points

toxic release inventory

combined sewer outfallscombined sewer outfalls

Potomac River watershedPotomac River watershed

Anacostia River watershedAnacostia River watershed

650 - 1500

1500-2250

2250 - 3000

3000 - 5000

25 - 650

Total Population African AmericanTotal Population African American

650 - 1500

1500-2250

2250 - 3000

3000 - 5000

Environmental Injustice in Washington D.C.: Race, Waste, and Water

Demographics + Topography (Hillshade)

Combined Sewer System Watersheds

Contamination

Points of Access0 1.5 3 Miles

water discharge pointswater discharge pointswater discharge points

toxic release inventorytoxic release inventory

combined sewer outfalls

Potomac River watershed points of river access

Anacostia River watershed

k

points of river accesspoints of river accesskk

GIS:

0 1.5 30.75 Miles

kkkkkkkkk

kk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkk

kkkk

kkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

Kate Hayes | SARC 5555

Data Source: http://data.dc.gov and DC Water

0 1.5 30.75 Miles 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

0 1.5 30.75 Miles 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

kkkkkkkk

kkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkk

kkkkk

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Total Population African American

LEGEND:LEGEND:

Contamination Source PointsContamination Source Points

Combined Sewer System Watersheds

25 - 650

water discharge points

toxic release inventory

combined sewer outfallscombined sewer outfalls

Potomac River watershedPotomac River watershed

Anacostia River watershedAnacostia River watershed

650 - 1500

1500-2250

2250 - 3000

3000 - 5000

25 - 650

Total Population African AmericanTotal Population African American

650 - 1500

1500-2250

2250 - 3000

3000 - 5000

Environmental Injustice in Washington D.C.: Race, Waste, and Water

Demographics + Topography (Hillshade)

Combined Sewer System Watersheds

Contamination

Points of Access0 1.5 3 Miles

water discharge pointswater discharge pointswater discharge points

toxic release inventorytoxic release inventory

combined sewer outfalls

Potomac River watershed points of river access

Anacostia River watershed

k

points of river accesspoints of river accesskk0 1.5 30.75 Miles

kkkkkkkkk

kk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkk

kkkk

kkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

Kate Hayes | SARC 5555

Data Source: http://data.dc.gov and DC Water

0 1.5 30.75 Miles 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

0 1.5 30.75 Miles 0 1.5 30.75 Miles

kkkkkkkk

kkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkk

kkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk

Total Population African American

LEGEND:LEGEND:

Contamination Source PointsContamination Source Points

Combined Sewer System Watersheds

25 - 650

water discharge points

toxic release inventory

combined sewer outfallscombined sewer outfalls

Potomac River watershedPotomac River watershed

Anacostia River watershedAnacostia River watershed

650 - 1500

1500-2250

2250 - 3000

3000 - 5000

25 - 650

Total Population African AmericanTotal Population African American

650 - 1500

1500-2250

2250 - 3000

3000 - 5000

Environmental Injustice in Washington D.C.: Race, Waste, and Water

Demographics + Topography (Hillshade)

Combined Sewer System Watersheds

Contamination

Points of Access0 1.5 3 Miles

water discharge pointswater discharge pointswater discharge points

toxic release inventorytoxic release inventory

combined sewer outfalls

Potomac River watershed points of river access

Anacostia River watershed

k

points of river accesspoints of river accesskk

Demographics + Topography Contamination

Combined Sewer System Watersheds Points of access

Skills: GIS data analysis, Illustrator

Race , Was te + Wa te r : Env i r onm en t a l Jus t i c e in Wash ing ton D C

32 | Hayes

De t a i l Des ign:

Meadow Cultivation

Limb-Up Trees

Unpruned Forest

Meadow Cultivation

Pine Groves

Shrub Borders

Orchard

planted form

maintenance

circulation

Skills: grading, detail design, planted form, AutoCADPlan + section: group work; detail: individual work

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

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Working from the detail scale up to the site scale, this intervention for the Civil Wars Fort Totten incorporated individually designed details into a collaborative scheme for the entire park. With a focus on maintenance regimes and topography, this detail design for a series of step platforms negotiates these historical earthworks and encourages circulation in areas of the park currently dominated by shrubs and brush. Building off this detail design, the design for the entire park registers subtle changes and exaggerations of topography and vegetation. Formal moves catalyze emergent uses and movement. Building off this tension of formal and informal circulation, the design for a park implies future circulation to enhance connectivity and topography and to imbue a sense of identity and place within a park that is not widely recognized as a historic Civil War fort.

E-W section through earthworks

Fo r t To t t en , Wash ing ton D.C .

0 100 200

Hayes | 33

diameter = 1/2

welded

concrete

steel

223 3

1.5

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30.5

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222

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diameter = 1/2

concrete

steel welded meshdiameter = 0.3

223 32 20.5

30.5

36

steel i-beam

screw, washer, nut

5

2.52

8 5 steel metal mesh

bolts cast in concrete

Detail, grading + circulation interventions

Detail AutoCAD drawings

2 = 1-0

concrete base

soil

100500

34 | Hayes

A r t i s t s Book :

Topography was originally the structural base of the Washington DC area. The 1902 McMillan Plan singled out the citys topography as a significant resource and urged for the preservation of the Fort Circle Parks as open space. Today, topography is overrun by jurisdictional boundaries, infrastructure, and development, and we have lost the sense of and relationship with the ground. Regrounding the network, fort, and detail scales in topography through strategies of structural base, perspective, and aspect brings us back to the experience and feeling of topography, and challenges todays superficial two-dimensional representations.

Book cover

Skills: basic book binding and embossingProfessor: Julian Raxworthy

Re g roun d ing Top og r aphy

Hayes | 35

1. Network as Structural Base:Redefine the once dominant topographic bowl. Recognize that the streets are highly dependent on topograpy, and that the topography extends beyond the city limits.

2. Fort as Perspective:Physically, visually, and conceptually gain perspective by emphasizing the feeling that you are at the highest point in the city. Bring back the ability to place yourself in the city based on the topography.

3. Detail as Aspect: Understand earthworks as intentional topographic constructions in the landscape. Highlight and repurpose them based on aspect and the different feelings of being adjacent to, outside, or inside these spaces.

Hayes | 35

36 | Hayes

Charlottesville, January 2013Co-led group of 12 students, one-week long charrette Honorable Mention Award from Adriaan Geuze

C o l labora t ion:

THE BEACONPenn Park

THE OLYMPIC TORCHDarden Towe Park

THE FLAME THROWERCircus Grounds

THE BONFIRERiverview Park

THE LUMINAIREWoolen Mills

4_PEOPLE: Fire takes on different characteristics to create rooms in and on , thereby encouraging playful gathering, recreation, and cross-community continuity.

The design starts away from the river, using clear paths to help channel people to the Rivanna just as the river itself channels water from the Blue Ridge to the James on the way to the Atlantic beyond. On the north stands a UVA rehabilitation center that relies upon the park stretched along the river as a healing and restorative landscape. On the south is Thomas Jeffersons Monticello. In between we have rooms of water, hearths of fire, places of residence, recreation, and restaurants, fish culture, canoe rentals, and local food markets. The design draws upon, frames, and then extends to the future a rich web of history, culture, and environment that is based on the experience of urban nature, a perspective that goes beyond traditional agendas of the restoration

of a Scenic River.

3_URBAN WILD: By recognizing and capitalizing on the wild in our city, HOT DAM promotes a fresh vision of urban nature that heightens awareness of the Rivanna

within the citys boundaries.

The Rivanna, with its wildness captured and amplified by cascading water and jumping flames, will again constitute a gathering space of great import. The Rivanna had long been the primary locus for the lives of the regions native Monacans, and for the Europeans, Africans, and Americans who cultivated Virginias Piedmont. These people initially traveled, gathered, plowed, and settled on the Rivanna. We envision a revitalized river again providing centers of gravity, wilderness, an